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卷juǎn十shí四sì·序xù十shí一yī首shǒu

【送sòng傅fù向xiàng老lǎo令lìng瑞ruì安ān序xù】

向xiàng老lǎo傅fù氏shì,山shān阴yīn人rén。与yǔ其qí兄xiōng元yuán老lǎo读dú书shū知zhī道dào理lǐ,其qí所suǒ为wèi文wén辞cí可kě喜xǐ。太tài夫fū人rén春chūn秋qiū高gāo,而ér其qí家jiā故gù贫pín,然rán向xiàng老lǎo昆kūn弟dì尤yóu自zì守shǒu,不bù苟gǒu取qǔ而ér妄wàng交jiāo,太tài夫fū人rén亦yì忘wàng其qí贫pín。余yú得dé之zhī山shān阴yīn,爱ài其qí自zì处chù之zhī重zhòng,而ér见jiàn其qí进jìn而ér未wèi止zhǐ也yě,特tè心xīn与yǔ之zhī。向xiàng老lǎo用yòng举jǔ者zhě令lìng温wēn之zhī瑞ruì安ān,将jiāng奉fèng其qí太tài夫fū人rén以yǐ往wǎng。予yǔ谓wèi向xiàng老lǎo学xué古gǔ,其qí为wèi令lìng当dāng知zhī所suǒ先xiān后hòu。然rán古gǔ之zhī道dào,盖gài无wú所suǒ用yòng于yú今jīn,则zé向xiàng老lǎo之zhī所suǒ守shǒu亦yì难nán合hé矣yǐ。故gù为wèi之zhī言yán,庶shù夫fū有yǒu知zhī予yǔ为wèi不bù妄wàng者zhě,能néng以yǐ此cǐ而ér易yì彼bǐ也yě。

【送sòng周zhōu屯tún田tián序xù】

士shì大dà夫fū登dēng朝cháo廷tíng,年nián七qī十shí,上shàng书shū去qù其qí位wèi,天tiān子zi官guān其qí一yī子zi而ér听tīng之zhī,亦yì可kě谓wèi荣róng矣yǐ。然rán而ér有yǒu若ruò不bù释shì然rán者zhě。余yú为wèi之zhī言yán曰yuē:古gǔ之zhī士shì大dà夫fū倦juàn而ér归guī者zhě,安ān车chē几jǐ杖zhàng,膳shàn羞xiū被bèi服fú,百bǎi物wù之zhī珍zhēn好hǎo自zì若ruò,天tiān子zi养yǎng以yǐ燕yàn飨xiǎng饮yǐn食shí乡xiāng射shè之zhī礼lǐ。自zì比bǐ子zǐ弟dì,袒tǎn鞠jū卺jǐn,以yǐ荐jiàn其qí物wù,谘zī其qí辞cí说shuō,不bù于yú庠xiáng序xù,则zé于yú朝cháo廷tíng。时shí节jié之zhī赐cì,与yǔ缙jìn绅shēn之zhī礼lǐ于yú其qí家jiā者zhě,不bù以yǐ朝cháo,则zé以yǐ夕xī。上shàng之zhī听tīng其qí休xiū,为wèi不bù敢gǎn勤qín以yǐ事shì。下xià之zhī自zì老lǎo,为wèi无wú为wéi而ér尊zūn荣róng也yě。今jīn一yī日rì辞cí事shì还hái其qí庐lú,徒tú御yù散sàn矣yǐ,宾bīn客kè去qù矣yǐ,百bǎi物wù之zhī顺shùn其qí欲yù者zhě不bù足zú,人rén之zhī群qún嬉xī属shǔ好hǎo之zhī交jiāo不bù与yǔ,约yuē居jū而ér独dú游yóu,散sàn弃qì乎hū山shān墟xū林lín莽mǎng陋lòu巷xiàng穷qióng闾lǘ之zhī间jiān,如rú此cǐ其qí于yú长zhǎng者zhě薄báo也yě,亦yì曷hé能néng使shǐ其qí不bù然rán于yú心xīn邪xié!虽suī然rán不bù及jí乎hū尊zūn事shì,可kě以yǐ委wēi蛇yí其qí身shēn而ér益yì闲xián;不bù享xiǎng乎hū珍zhēn好hǎo,可kě以yǐ窒zhì烦fán除chú薄báo而ér益yì安ān。不bù去qù乎hū深shēn山shān长cháng谷gǔ,岂qǐ不bù足zú以yǐ易yì其qí庠xiáng序xù之zhī位wèi;不bù居jū其qí荣róng,岂qǐ有yǒu患huàn乎hū其qí辱rǔ哉zāi?然rán则zé古gǔ之zhī所suǒ以yǐ殷yīn勤qín奉fèng老lǎo者zhě,皆jiē世shì之zhī任rèn事shì者zhě所suǒ自zì为wèi。于yú士shì之zhī倦juàn而ér归guī者zhě,顾gù为wèi烦fán且qiě劳láo也yě。今jīn之zhī置zhì古gǔ事shì者zhě,顾gù有yǒu司sī为wèi少shǎo耳ěr。士shì之zhī老lǎo于yú其qí家jiā者zhě,独dú得dé其qí自zì肆sì也yě,然rán则zé何hé为wèi动dòng其qí意yì邪xié?余yú为wèi之zhī言yán者zhě,尚shàng书shū屯tún田tián员yuán外wài郎láng周zhōu君jūn中zhōng复fù。周zhōu君jūn与yǔ先xiān人rén俱jù天tiān圣shèng二èr年nián进jìn士shì,与yǔ余yú旧jiù且qiě好hǎo也yě。既jì为wèi之zhī辨biàn其qí不bù释shì然rán者zhě,又yòu欲yù其qí有yǒu以yǐ处chù而ér乐lè也yě。读dú余yú言yán者zhě,可kě无wú异yì周zhōu君jūn而ér病bìng今jīn之zhī失shī矣yǐ。南nán丰fēng曾céng巩gǒng序xù。

【送sòng江jiāng任rèn序xù】均jūn之zhī为wèi吏lì,或huò中zhōng州zhōu之zhī人rén,用yòng于yú荒huāng边biān侧cè境jìng、山shān区qū海hǎi聚jù之zhī间jiān,蛮mán夷yí异yì域yù之zhī处chù;或huò燕yàn荆jīng赵zhào蜀shǔ、海hǎi外wài万wàn里lǐ之zhī人rén,用yòng于yú中zhōng州zhōu,以yǐ至zhì四sì遐xiá之zhī乡xiāng,相xiāng易yì而ér往wǎng。其qí山shān行xíng水shuǐ涉shè沙shā莽mǎng之zhī驰chí,往wǎng往wǎng则zé风fēng霜shuāng冰bīng雪xuě瘴zhàng雾wù之zhī毒dú之zhī所suǒ侵qīn加jiā,蛟jiāo龙lóng虺huī蜴yì虎hǔ豹bào之zhī群qún之zhī所suǒ抵dǐ触chù,冲chōng波bō急jíγㄨ崖yá落luò石shí之zhī所suǒ覆fù压yā。其qí进jìn也yě,莫mò不bùぷ粮liáng举jǔ药yào,选xuǎn舟zhōu易yì马mǎ,力lì兵bīng曹cáo伍wǔ而ér后hòu动dòng;戒jiè朝cháo奔bēn夜yè,变biàn更gēng寒hán暑shǔ而ér后hòu至zhì。至zhì则zé宫gōng庐lú器qì械xiè被bèi服fú饮yǐn食shí之zhī具jù、土tǔ风fēng气qì候hòu之zhī宜yí,与yǔ夫fū人rén民mín谣yáo俗sú语yǔ言yán习xí尚shàng之zhī务wù,其qí变biàn难nán遵zūn,而ér其qí情qíng难nán得dé也yě,则zé多duō愁chóu居jū惕tì处chù,叹tàn息xī而ér思sī归guī。及jí其qí久jiǔ也yě,所suǒ习xí已yǐ安ān,所suǒ蔽bì已yǐ解jiě,则zé岁suì月yuè有yǒu期qī,可kě引yǐn而ér去qù矣yǐ。故gù不bù得dé专zhuān一yī精jīng思sī修xiū治zhì具jù,以yǐ宣xuān布bù天tiān子zi及jí下xià之zhī仁rén,而ér为wèi后hòu世shì可kě守shǒu之zhī法fǎ也yě。或huò九jiǔ州zhōu之zhī人rén,各gè用yòng于yú其qí土tǔ,不bù在zài西xī封fēng,在zài东dōng境jìng。士shì不bù必bì勤qín,舟zhōu车chē舆yú马mǎ不bù必bì力lì,而ér已yǐ传chuán其qí邑yì都dōu,坐zuò其qí堂táng奥ào。道dào途tú所suǒ次cì,升shēng降jiàng之zhī倦juàn,凌líng冒mào之zhī虞yú,无wú有yǒu接jiē于yú其qí形xíng,动dòng于yú其qí虑lǜ。至zhì则zé耳ěr目mù口kǒu鼻bí百bǎi体tǐ之zhī所suǒ养yǎng,如rú不bù出chū乎hū其qí家jiā;父fù兄xiōng六liù亲qīn故gù旧jiù之zhī人rén,朝zhāo夕xī相xiāng见jiàn,如rú不bù出chū乎hū其qí里lǐ。山shān川chuān之zhī形xíng,土tǔ田tián市shì井jǐng风fēng谣yáo习xí俗sú辞cí说shuō之zhī变biàn,利lì害hài得dé失shī善shàn恶è之zhī条tiáo贯guàn,非fēi其qí童tóng子zi之zhī所suǒ闻wén,则zé其qí少shǎo长zhǎng之zhī所suǒ游yóu览lǎn;非fēi其qí自zì得dé,则zé其qí乡xiāng之zhī先xiān生shēng老lǎo者zhě之zhī所suǒ告gào也yě。所suǒ居jū已yǐ安ān,所suǒ有yǒu事shì之zhī宜yí,皆jiē已yǐ习xí熟shú,如rú此cǐ故gù能néng专zhuān虑lǜ致zhì劳láo职zhí事shì,以yǐ宣xuān上shàng恩ēn,而ér修xiū百bǎi姓xìng之zhī急jí。其qí施shī为wéi先xiān后hòu,不bù待dài旁páng谘zī久jiǔ察chá,而ér与yǔ夺duó损sǔn益yì之zhī几jǐ,已yǐ断duàn于yú胸xiōng中zhōng矣yǐ。岂qǐ累lèi夫fū孤gū客kè远yuǎn寓yù之zhī忧yōu,而ér以yǐ苟gǒu且qiě决jué事shì哉zāi!

临lín川chuān江jiāng君jūn任rèn为wèi洪hóng之zhī丰fēng城chéng,此cǐ两liǎng县xiàn者zhě,牛niú羊yáng之zhī牧mù相xiāng交jiāo,树shù木mù果guǒ蔬shū五wǔ谷gǔ之zhī垄lǒng相xiāng入rù也yě。所suǒ谓wèi九jiǔ州zhōu之zhī人rén各gè用yòng于yú其qí土tǔ者zhě,孰shú近jìn于yú此cǐ?既jì已yǐ得dé其qí所suǒ处chù之zhī乐lè,而ér厌yàn闻wén饫yù听tīng其qí人rén民mín之zhī事shì,而ér江jiāng君jūn又yòu有yǒu聪cōng明míng敏mǐn给gěi之zhī材cái、廉lián洁jié之zhī行xíng以yǐ行xíng其qí政zhèng,吾wú知zhī其qí不bù去qù图tú书shū讲jiǎng论lùn之zhī适shì,宾bīn客kè之zhī好hǎo,而ér所suǒ为wèi有yǒu余yú矣yǐ。盖gài县xiàn之zhī治zhì,则zé民mín自zì得dé于yú大dà山shān深shēn谷gǔ之zhī中zhōng,而ér州zhōu以yǐ无wú为wéi于yú上shàng。吾wú将jiāng见jiàn江jiāng西xī之zhī幕mù府fǔ,无wú南nán向xiàng而ér虑lǜ者zhě矣yǐ。于yú其qí行xíng,遂suì书shū以yǐ送sòng之zhī。南nán丰fēng曾céng巩gǒng序xù。

【送sòng刘liú希xī声shēng序xù】东dōng明míng刘liú希xī声shēng来lái临lín川chuān,见jiàn之zhī。其qí貌mào勉miǎn于yú礼lǐ,其qí言yán勉miǎn于yú义yì,其qí行xíng亦yì然rán,其qí久jiǔ亦yì坚jiān。其qí读dú书shū为wèi辞cí章zhāng日rì盛shèng。从cóng予yǔ游yóu三sān年nián,予yǔ爱ài之zhī。今jīn年nián庆qìng历lì五wǔ年nián还hái其qí乡xiāng,过guò予yǔ别bié,与yǔ之zhī言yán曰yuē:东dōng明míng,汴biàn邑yì也yě。子zi之zhī行xíng,问wèn道dào之zhī所suǒ向xiàng者zhě,以yǐ告gào子zi。子zi也yě一yī趋qū焉yān而ér不bù息xī,至zhì乎hū尔ěr也yě。苟gǒu为wèi一yī从cóng焉yān,一yī违wéi焉yān,虽suī不bù息xī,决jué不bù至zhì也yě。子zi也yě好hǎo问wèn,圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào,亦yì如rú是shì而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。五wǔ月yuè四sì日rì序xù。

【送sòng李lǐ材cái叔shū知zhī柳liǔ州zhōu序xù】谈tán者zhě谓wèi南nán越yuè偏piān且qiě远yuǎn,其qí风fēng气qì与yǔ中zhōng州zhōu异yì。故gù官guān者zhě皆jiē不bù欲yù久jiǔ居jū,往wǎng往wǎng车chē船chuán未wèi行xíng,辄zhé已yǐ屈qū指zhǐ计jì归guī日rì。又yòu咸xián小xiǎo其qí官guān,以yǐ为wéi不bù足zú事shì。其qí逆nì自zì为wèi虑lǜ如rú此cǐ,故gù其qí至zhì皆jiē倾qīng摇yáo解jiě弛chí,无wú忧yōu且qiě勤qín之zhī心xīn。其qí习xí俗sú从cóng古gǔ而ér尔ěr,不bù然rán,何hé自zì越yuè与yǔ中zhōng国guó通tōng已yǐ千qiān馀yú年nián,而ér名míng能néng抚fǔ循xún其qí民mín者zhě,不bù过guò数shù人rén邪xié!故gù越yuè与yǔ闽mǐn、蜀shǔ,始shǐ俱jù为wèi夷yí,闽mǐn、蜀shǔ皆jiē已yǐ变biàn,而ér越yuè独dú尚shàng陋lòu,岂qǐ其qí俗sú不bù可kě更gèng与yǔ?盖gài吏lì者zhě莫mò致zhì其qí治zhì教jiào之zhī意yì也yě。噫yī!亦yì其qí民mín之zhī不bù幸xìng也yě已yǐ。

彼bǐ不bù知zhī由yóu京jīng师shī而ér之zhī越yuè,水shuǐ陆lù之zhī道dào皆jiē安ān行xíng,非fēi若ruò闽mǐn溪xī、峡xiá江jiāng、蜀shǔ栈zhàn之zhī不bù测cè。则zé均jūn之zhī吏lì于yú远yuǎn,此cǐ非fēi独dú优yōu欤yú?其qí风fēng气qì吾wú所suǒ谙ān之zhī,与yǔ中zhōng州zhōu亦yì不bù甚shèn异yì。起qǐ居jū不bù违wéi其qí节jié,未wèi尝cháng有yǒu疾jí。苟gǒu违wéi节jié,虽suī中zhōng州zhōu宁níng能néng不bù生shēng疾jí邪xié!其qí物wù产chǎn之zhī美měi,果guǒ有yǒu荔lì子zi、龙lóng眼yǎn、蕉jiāo、柑gān、橄gǎn榄lǎn,花huā有yǒu素sù馨xīn、山shān丹dān、含hán笑xiào之zhī属shǔ,食shí有yǒu海hǎi之zhī百bǎi物wù,累lèi岁suì之zhī酒jiǔ醋cù,皆jiē绝jué于yú天tiān下xià。人rén少shǎo斗dòu讼sòng,喜xǐ嬉xī乐lè。吏lì者zhě唯wéi其qí无wú久jiǔ居jū之zhī心xīn,故gù谓wèi之zhī不bù可kě。如rú其qí有yǒu久jiǔ居jū之zhī心xīn,奚xī不bù可kě邪xié!

古gǔ之zhī人rén为wéi一yī乡xiāng一yī县xiàn,其qí德dé义yì惠huì爱ài尚shàng足zú以yǐ薰xūn蒸zhēng渐jiàn泽zé,今jīn大dà者zhě专zhuān一yī州zhōu,岂qǐ当dāng小xiǎo其qí官guān而ér不bù事shì邪xié?令lìng其qí得dé吾wú说shuō而ér思sī之zhī,人rén咸xián有yǒu久jiǔ居jū之zhī心xīn,又yòu不bù小xiǎo其qí官guān,为wèi越yuè人rén涤dí其qí陋lòu俗sú而ér驱qū于yú治zhì,居jū闽mǐn、蜀shǔ上shàng,无wú不bù幸xìng之zhī叹tàn,其qí事shì出chū千qiān馀yú年nián之zhī表biǎo,则zé其qí美měi之zhī巨jù细xì可kě知zhī也yě。然rán非fēi其qí材cái之zhī颖yǐng然rán迈mài于yú众zhòng人rén者zhě不bù能néng也yě。官guān于yú南nán者zhě多duō矣yǐ,予yǔ知zhī其qí材cái之zhī颖yǐng然rán迈mài于yú众zhòng人rén,能néng行xíng吾wú说shuō者zhě李lǐ材cái叔shū而ér已yǐ。材cái叔shū又yòu与yǔ其qí兄xiōng公gōng翊yì仕shì同tóng年nián,同tóng用yòng荐jiàn者zhě为wèi县xiàn,入rù秘mì书shū省shěng,为wèi著zhù作zuò佐zuǒ郎láng。今jīn材cái叔shū为wèi柳liǔ州zhōu,公gōng翊yì为wèi象xiàng州zhōu,皆jiē同tóng时shí,材cái又yòu相xiāng若ruò也yě。则zé二èr州zhōu交jiāo相xiāng致zhì其qí政zhèng,其qí施shī之zhī速sù、势shì之zhī便biàn,可kě胜shèng道dào也yě夫fū!其qí越yuè之zhī人rén幸xìng也yě夫fū!其qí可kě贺hè也yě夫fū!

【送sòng赵zhào宏hóng序xù】荆jīng民mín与yǔ蛮mán合hé为wèi寇kòu,潭tán旁páng数shù州zhōu被bèi其qí害hài。天tiān子zi、宰zǎi相xiàng以yǐ潭tán重zhòng镇zhèn,守shǒu臣chén不bù胜shèng任rèn,为wèi改gǎi用yòng人rén。又yòu不bù胜shèng,复fù改gǎi之zhī。守shǒu至zhì,上shàng书shū乞qǐ益yì兵bīng。诏zhào与yǔ抚fǔ兵bīng三sān百bǎi,殿diàn直zhí天tiān水shuǐ赵zhào君jūn希xī道dào实shí护hù以yǐ往wǎng。希xī道dào雅yǎ与yǔ予yǔ接jiē,间jiān过guò予yǔ道dào潭tán之zhī事shì。予yǔ曰yuē:潭tán山shān川chuān甲jiǎ兵bīng如rú何hé,食shí几jǐ何hé,贼zéi众zhòng寡guǎ强qiáng弱ruò如rú何hé,予yǔ不bù能néng知zhī。能néng知zhī书shū,书shū之zhī载zài,若ruò潭tán事shì多duō矣yǐ。或huò合hé数shù道dào之zhī兵bīng以yǐ数shù万wàn,绝jué山shān谷gǔ而ér进jìn,其qí势shì非fēi不bù众zhòng且qiě健jiàn也yě,然rán而ér卒zú歼jiān焉yān者zhě多duō矣yǐ。或huò单dān车chē独dú行xíng,然rán而ér以yǐ克kè者zhě相xiāng踵zhǒng焉yān。顾gù其qí义yì信xìn如rú何hé耳ěr。致zhì吾wú义yì信xìn,虽suī单dān车chē独dú行xíng,寇kòu可kě以yǐ为wèi无wú事shì,龚gōng遂suì、张zhāng纲gāng、祝zhù良liáng之zhī类lèi是shì也yě。义yì信xìn不bù足zú以yǐ致zhì之zhī,虽suī合hé数shù道dào之zhī兵bīng以yǐ数shù万wàn,卒zú歼jiān焉yān,适shì重zhòng寇kòu耳ěr,况kuàng致zhì平píng邪xié!阳yáng、裴péi行xíng立lì之zhī类lèi是shì也yě。则zé兵bīng不bù能néng致zhì平píng,致zhì平píng者zhě,在zài太tài守shǒu身shēn也yě明míng矣yǐ。前qián之zhī守shǒu者zhě果guǒ能néng此cǐ,天tiān子zi、宰zǎi相xiàng乌wū用yòng易yì之zhī?必bì易yì之zhī,为wèi前qián之zhī守shǒu者zhě不bù能néng此cǐ也yě。今jīn往wǎng者zhě复fù曰yuē“乞qǐ益yì兵bīng”,何hé其qí与yǔ书shū之zhī云yún者zhě异yì邪xié?予yǔ忧yōu潭tán民mín之zhī重zhòng困kùn也yě,寇kòu之zhī益yì张zhāng也yě。往wǎng时shí潭tán吏lì与yǔ旁páng近jìn郡jùn蕲qí力lì胜shèng贼zéi者zhě,暴bào骸hái者zhě、戮lù降jiàng者zhě有yǒu之zhī。今jīn之zhī往wǎng者zhě将jiāng特tè不bù为wèi是shì而ér已yǐ邪xié?抑yì犹yóu不bù免miǎn乎hū为wèi是shì也yě,天tiān子zi、宰zǎi相xiàng任rèn之zhī之zhī意yì其qí然rán邪xié?潭tán守shǒu近jìn侍shì臣chén,使shǐ抚fǔ觇chān潭tán者zhě,郎láng吏lì、御yù史shǐ、博bó士shì相xiāng望wàng。为wèi我wǒ谂shěn其qí贤xián者zhě曰yuē:今jīn之zhī言yán古gǔ书shū往wǎng往wǎng曰yuē迂yū,然rán书shū之zhī事shì乃nǎi已yǐ试shì者zhě也yě。事shì已yǐ试shì而ér施shī诸zhū治zhì,与yǔ时shí人rén之zhī自zì用yòng,孰shú为wèi得dé失shī耶yé?愚yú言yán倘tǎng可kě以yǐ乎hū,潭tán之zhī患huàn,今jīn虽suī细xì,然rán大dà中zhōng、咸xián通tōng之zhī间jiān,南nán方fāng之zhī忧yōu常cháng剧jù矣yǐ,夫fū岂qǐ阶jiē于yú大dà哉zāi!为wèi近jìn臣chén、郎láng吏lì、御yù史shǐ、博bó士shì者zhě,独dú得dé而ér不bù思sī也yě?希xī道dào固gù喜xǐ事shì者zhě,因yīn其qí行xíng,遂suì次cì第dì其qí语yǔ以yǐ送sòng之zhī。庆qìng历lì六liù年nián五wǔ月yuè□日rì,曾céng巩gǒng序xù。

【送sòng王wáng希xī〈字zì潜qián之zhī〉序xù】巩gǒng庆qìng历lì三sān年nián遇yù潜qián之zhī于yú江jiāng西xī。始shǐ其qí色sè接jiē吾wú目mù,已yǐ其qí言yán接jiē吾wú耳ěr,久jiǔ其qí行xíng接jiē吾wú心xīn,不bú见jiàn其qí非fēi。吾wú爱ài也yě,从cóng之zhī游yóu,四sì年nián间jiān,巩gǒng于yú江jiāng西xī三sān至zhì焉yān。与yǔ之zhī上shàng滕téng王wáng阁gé,泛fàn东dōng湖hú,酌zhuó马mǎ跑pǎo泉quán。最zuì数shù游yóu而ér久jiǔ乃nǎi去qù者zhě大dà梵fàn寺sì秋qiū屏píng阁gé,阁gé之zhī下xià百bǎi步bù为wèi龙lóng沙shā,沙shā之zhī涯yá为wèi章zhāng水shuǐ,水shuǐ之zhī西xī涯yá横héng出chū为wèi西xī山shān,皆jiē江jiāng西xī之zhī胜shèng处chù也yě。江jiāng西xī之zhī州zhōu中zhōng,凡fán游yóu观guān之zhī可kě望wàng者zhě,多duō西xī山shān之zhī见jiàn。见jiàn西xī山shān最zuì正zhèng且qiě尽jǐn者zhě,唯wéi此cǐ阁gé而ér已yǐ。使shǐ览lǎn登dēng之zhī美měi穷qióng于yú此cǐ,乐lè乎hū莫mò与yǔ为wèi乐lè也yě。况kuàng龙lóng沙shā章zhāng水shuǐ,水shuǐ涯yá之zhī陆lù陵líng,人rén家jiā园yuán林lín之zhī属shǔ于yú山shān者zhě莫mò不bù见jiàn,可kě见jiàn者zhě不bù特tè西xī山shān而ér已yǐ,其qí为wèi乐lè可kě胜shèng道dào邪xié!故gù吾wú与yǔ潜qián之zhī游yóu其qí间jiān,虽suī数shù且qiě久jiǔ不bù厌yàn也yě。其qí计jì于yú心xīn曰yuē:奚xī独dú吾wú游yóu之zhī不bù厌yàn也yě,将jiāng奉fèng吾wú亲qīn,托tuō吾wú家jiā于yú是shì州zhōu,而ér游yóu于yú是shì,以yǐ欢huān吾wú亲qīn之zhī心xīn而ér自zì慰wèi焉yān。未wèi能néng自zì致zhì也yě,独dú其qí情qíng旦dàn而ér作zuò,夜yè而ér息xī,无wú顷qǐng焉yān忘wàng也yě。病bìng不bù游yóu者zhě期qī月yuè矣yǐ,而ér潜qián之zhī又yòu遽jù去qù,其qí能néng不bù怃wǔ然rán邪xié!

潜qián之zhī之zhī将jiāng去qù,以yǐ书shū来lái曰yuē:子zi能néng不bù言yán于yú吾wú行xíng邪xié?使shǐ吾wú道dào潜qián之zhī之zhī美měi也yě,岂qǐ潜qián之zhī相xiāng望wàng意yì也yě,使shǐ以yǐ言yán相xiāng镌juān切qiè邪xié,视shì吾wú言yán不bù足zú进jìn也yě。视shì可kě进jìn者zhě,莫mò若ruò道dào素sù与yǔ游yóu之zhī乐lè而ér惜xī其qí去qù,亦yì情qíng之zhī所suǒ不bù克kè已yǐ也yě,故gù云yún尔ěr。嗟jiē乎hū!潜qián之zhī之zhī去qù而ér之zhī京jīng师shī,人rén知zhī其qí将jiāng光guāng显xiǎn也yě。光guāng显xiǎn者zhě之zhī心xīn,于yú山shān水shuǐ或huò薄báo,其qí异yì日rì肯kěn尚shàng从cóng吾wú游yóu于yú此cǐ乎hū?其qí岂qǐ使shǐ吾wú独dú也yě乎hū?六liù年nián八bā月yuè日rì序xù。

【王wáng无wú咎jiù字zì序xù】名míng字zì者zhě,人rén之zhī所suǒ假jiǎ借jiè以yǐ自zì称chēng道dào,亦yì使shǐ人rén假jiǎ借jiè以yǐ称chēng道dào己jǐ之zhī辞cí也yě,非fēi若ruò行xíng然rán,不bù可kě以yǐ假jiǎ借jiè云yún也yě。何hé也yě?问wèn其qí名míng曰yuē忠zhōng与yǔ义yì,其qí实shí亦yì然rán,则zé人rén无wú有yǒu求qiú其qí信xìn然rán者zhě,责zé其qí不bù然rán者zhě,知zhī其qí假jiǎ借jiè云yún也yě;问wèn其qí行xíng曰yuē忠zhōng与yǔ义yì,则zé人rén皆jiē求qiú其qí信xìn然rán者zhě,责zé其qí不bù然rán者zhě,其qí可kě以yǐ假jiǎ借jiè云yún乎hū!然rán而ér人rén无wú贵guì贱jiàn愚yú良liáng,一yī欲yù善shàn其qí名míng字zì。夫fū欲yù善shàn其qí名míng字zì者zhě非fēi他tā,亦yì曰yuē爱ài其qí身shēn而ér已yǐ。爱ài其qí身shēn而ér不bù善shàn充chōng之zhī,犹yóu曰yuē姑gū以yǐ圣shèng贤xián之zhī道dào假jiǎ借jiè其qí身shēn而ér已yǐ。不bù诚chéng乎hū身shēn莫mò大dà焉yān,岂qǐ爱ài其qí身shēn也yě,不bù若ruò于yú名míng字zì乎hū,勿wù求qiú胜shèng焉yān,于yú行xíng乎hū,汲jí汲jí尔ěr以yǐ爱ài其qí身shēn,是shì以yǐ圣shèng贤xián之zhī道dào归guī诸zhū其qí身shēn也yě。以yǐ为wéi爱ài其qí身shēn非fēi至zhì,夫fū然rán而ér人rén一yī皆jiē善shàn其qí名míng字zì,未wèi尝cháng一yī皆jiē善shàn其qí行xíng。有yǒu爱ài其qí身shēn之zhī心xīn,而ér于yú其qí身shēn反fǎn尔ěr其qí薄báo也yě。可kě嗟jiē也yě已yǐ!

南nán城chéng王wáng无wú咎jiù来lái请qǐng字zì,余yú思sī夫fū字zì虽suī不bù必bì求qiú胜shèng也yě,然rán古gǔ之zhī人rén重zhòng冠guān,于yú冠guān重zhòng字zì,字zì则zé亦yì未wèi可kě忽hū也yě。今jīn冠guàn礼lǐ废fèi,字zì亦yì非fēi其qí时shí,古gǔ礼lǐ之zhī不bù行xíng甚shèn矣yǐ。无wú咎jiù之zhī请qǐng也yě,虽suī非fēi时shí之zhī当dāng,然rán庶shù几jǐ存cún其qí礼lǐ。予yǔ欲yù拒jù,安ān得dé而ér拒jù也yě。取qǔ《易yì》所suǒ谓wèi无wú咎jiù者zhě,善shàn补bǔ过guò者zhě也yě,为wèi之zhī字zì曰yuē补bǔ之zhī。夫fū勉miǎn焉yān而ér补bǔ其qí所suǒ不bù至zhì,颜yán子zi之zhī所suǒ以yǐ为wéi学xué者zhě也yě。补bǔ之zhī明míng经jīng术shù,为wèi古gǔ文wén辞cí,其qí材cái卓zhuó然rán可kě畏wèi也yě。以yǐ颜yán子zi之zhī所suǒ以yǐ为wéi学xué者zhě期qī乎hū己jǐ,余yú之zhī所suǒ望wàng于yú补bǔ之zhī也yě。假jiǎ借jiè乎hū己jǐ而ér已yǐ矣yǐ,岂qǐ予yǔ之zhī所suǒ望wàng于yú补bǔ之zhī哉zāi!

【送sòng蔡cài元yuán振zhèn序xù】古gǔ之zhī州zhōu从cóng事shì皆jiē自zì辟pì士shì,士shì亦yì择zé所suǒ从cóng,故gù宾bīn主zhǔ相xiāng得de也yě。如rú不bù得dé其qí志zhì,去qù之zhī可kě也yě。今jīn之zhī州zhōu从cóng事shì皆jiē命mìng于yú朝cháo,非fēi惟wéi守shǒu不bù得dé择zé士shì,士shì亦yì不bù得dé择zé所suǒ从cóng,宾bīn主zhǔ岂qǐ尽jǐn相xiāng得de哉zāi!如rú不bù得dé其qí志zhì,未wèi可kě以yǐ辄zhé去qù也yě。故gù守shǒu之zhī治zhì,从cóng事shì无wú为wéi可kě也yě;守shǒu之zhī不bù治zhì,从cóng事shì举jǔ其qí政zhèng,亦yì势shì然rán也yě。议yì者zhě不bù原yuán其qí势shì,以yǐ为wéi州zhōu之zhī政zhèng当dāng一yī出chū于yú守shǒu,从cóng事shì举jǔ其qí政zhèng,则zé为wèi立lì异yì,为wèi侵qīn官guān。噫yī!从cóng事shì可kě否fǒu其qí州zhōu事shì,职zhí也yě,不bù惟wéi其qí同tóng守shǒu之zhī同tóng,则zé舍shě己jǐ之zhī是shì而ér求qiú与yǔ之zhī同tóng,可kě乎hū?不bù可kě也yě。州zhōu为wèi不bù治zhì矣yǐ,守shǒu不bù自zì任rèn其qí责zé,己jǐ亦yì莫mò之zhī任rèn也yě,可kě乎hū?不bù可kě也yě。则zé举jǔ其qí政zhèng,其qí孰shú为wèi立lì异yì邪xié?其qí孰shú为wèi侵qīn官guān邪xié?议yì者zhě未wèi之zhī思sī也yě。虽suī然rán,迹jì其qí所suǒ以yǐ然rán,岂qǐ士shì之zhī所suǒ喜xǐ然rán哉zāi!故gù曰yuē亦yì势shì然rán也yě。今jīn四sì方fāng之zhī从cóng事shì,惟wéi其qí守shǒu之zhī同tóng者zhě多duō矣yǐ。幸xìng而ér材cái,从cóng事shì视shì其qí政zhèng之zhī缺quē,不bù过guò室shì于yú叹tàn、途tú于yú议yì而ér已yǐ,脱tuō然rán莫mò以yǐ为wéi己jǐ事shì。反fǎn是shì焉yān则zé激jī,激jī亦yì奚xī以yǐ为wéi也yě?求qiú能néng自zì任rèn其qí责zé者zhě少shǎo矣yǐ。为wèi从cóng事shì乃nǎi尔ěr,为wèi公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū士shì于yú朝cháo,不bù尔ěr者zhě其qí几jǐ邪xié!

临lín川chuān蔡cài君jūn从cóng事shì于yú汀tīng,始shǐ试shì其qí为wéi政zhèng也yě。汀tīng诚chéng为wèi治zhì州zhōu也yě,蔡cài君jūn可kě拱gǒng而ér坐zuò也yě;诚chéng未wèi治zhì也yě,人rén皆jiē观guān君jūn也yě,无wú激jī也yě,无wú同tóng也yě,惟wéi其qí义yì而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。蔡cài君jūn之zhī任rèn也yě,其qí异yì日rì官guān于yú朝cháo,一yī于yú是shì而ér已yǐ矣yǐ,亦yì蔡cài君jūn之zhī任rèn也yě,可kě不bù懋mào欤yú?其qí行xíng也yě,来lái求qiú吾wú文wén,故gù序xù以yǐ送sòng之zhī。

【送sòng丁dīng琰yǎn序xù】守shǒu令lìng之zhī于yú民mín近jìn且qiě重zhòng,易yì知zhī矣yǐ。予yǔ尝cháng论lùn今jīn之zhī守shǒu令lìng,有yǒu道dào而ér闻wén四sì方fāng者zhě不bù过guò数shù人rén。此cǐ数shù人rén者zhě,非fēi特tè任rèn守shǒu令lìng也yě。过guò此cǐ数shù人rén,有yǒu千qiān里lǐ者zhě相xiāng接jiē而ér无wú一yī贤xián守shǒu,有yǒu百bǎi里lǐ者zhě相xiāng环huán而ér无wú一yī贤xián令lìng。至zhì天tiān子zi大dà臣chén尝cháng患huàn其qí然rán,则zé任rèn奉fèng法fǎ之zhī吏lì,严yán刺cì察chá之zhī科kē,以yǐ绳shéng治zhì之zhī。诸zhū郡jùn守shǒu县xiàn令lìng以yǐ罪zuì不bù任rèn职zhí,或huò黜chù或huò罢bà者zhě相xiāng继jì于yú外wài。于yú是shì下xià诏zhào书shū,择zé廷tíng臣chén,使shǐ各gè举jǔ所suǒ知zhī以yǐ任rèn守shǒu令lìng。是shì天tiān子zi大dà臣chén爱ài国guó与yǔ民mín而ér重zhòng守shǒu令lìng之zhī意yì,可kě谓wèi无wú不bù至zhì矣yǐ。而ér诏zhào虽suī下xià,举jǔ者zhě卒zú不bù闻wén。惟wéi令lìng或huò以yǐ旧jiù制zhì举jǔ,不bù皆jiē循xún岁suì月yuè而ér授shòu。每měi举jǔ者zhě有yǒu姓xìng名míng,得dé而ér视shì之zhī,推tuī考kǎo其qí材cái行xíng能néng堪kān其qí举jǔ者zhě,卒zú亦yì未wèi见jiàn焉yān。举jǔ者zhě既jì然rán矣yǐ,则zé以yǐ余yú之zhī所suǒ见jiàn闻wén,阴yīn计jì其qí人rén之zhī孰shú可kě举jǔ者zhě,卒zú亦yì未wèi见jiàn焉yān。犹yóu恐kǒng予yǔ之zhī愚yú且qiě贱jiàn,闻wén与yǔ见jiàn焉yān者zhě少shǎo,不bù足zú以yǐ知zhī天tiān下xià之zhī材cái也yě,则zé求qiú夫fū贤xián而ér有yǒu名míng位wèi、闻wén与yǔ见jiàn之zhī博bó者zhě,而ér从cóng之zhī问wèn其qí人rén之zhī孰shú可kě举jǔ者zhě,卒zú亦yì未wèi见jiàn焉yān。岂qǐ天tiān下xià之zhī人rén固gù可kě诬wū,而ér天tiān固gù不bù生shēng才cái于yú今jīn哉zāi!使shǐ天tiān子zi大dà臣chén患huàn天tiān下xià之zhī弊bì,则zé数shù更gèng法fǎ以yǐ御yù之zhī。法fǎ日rì以yǐ愈yù密mì,而ér弊bì日rì以yǐ愈yù多duō。岂qǐ今jīn之zhī去qù古gǔ也yě远yuǎn,治zhì天tiān下xià卒zú无wú术shù哉zāi!盖gài古gǔ人rén之zhī有yǒu庠xiáng有yǒu序xù,有yǒu师shī友yǒu之zhī游yóu,有yǒu有yǒu司sī之zhī论lùn,而ér赏shǎng罚fá之zhī始shǐ于yú乡xiāng,属shǔ于yú天tiān下xià,为wèi教jiào之zhī详xiáng至zhì此cǐ也yě。士shì也yě有yǒu圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào,则zé皆jiē得dé行xíng其qí教jiào;有yǒu可kě教jiào之zhī质zhì,则zé皆jiē可kě为wèi材cái且qiě良liáng,故gù古gǔ之zhī贤xián也yě多duō。贤xián之zhī多duō,则zé自zì公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū至zhì于yú牛niú羊yáng仓cāng廪lǐn贱jiàn官guān之zhī选xuǎn咸xián宜yí焉yān,独dú千qiān里lǐ、百bǎi里lǐ之zhī长zhǎng哉zāi?其qí为wèi道dào岂qǐ不bù约yuē且qiě明míng,其qí为wèi致zhì天tiān下xià之zhī材cái岂qǐ不bù多duō哉zāi?其qí岂qǐ有yǒu劳láo于yú求qiú而ér不bù得dé人rén,密mì于yú法fǎ而ér不bù胜shèng其qí弊bì,若ruò今jīn之zhī患huàn哉zāi?今jīn也yě,庠xiáng序xù、师shī友yǒu、赏shǎng罚fá之zhī法fǎ非fēi古gǔ也yě,士shì也yě有yǒu圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào,欲yù推tuī而ér教jiào于yú乡xiāng于yú天tiān下xià,则zé无wú路lù焉yān。人rén愚yú也yě,则zé愚yú矣yǐ!可kě教jiào而ér贤xián者zhě,卒zú谁shuí教jiào之zhī哉zāi?故gù今jīn之zhī贤xián也yě少shǎo。贤xián之zhī少shǎo,则zé自zì公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū至zhì于yú牛niú羊yáng仓cāng廪lǐn贱jiàn官guān之zhī选xuǎn常cháng不bù足zú其qí人rén焉yān,独dú守shǒu令lìng哉zāi?是shì以yǐ其qí求qiú之zhī无wú不bù至zhì,其qí法fǎ日rì以yǐ愈yù密mì,而ér不bù足zú以yǐ为wéi治zhì者zhě,其qí原yuán皆jiē此cǐ之zhī出chū也yě已yǐ。噫yī!奚xī重zhòng而ér不bù更gèng也yě。

姑gū苏sū人rén丁dīng君jūn琰yǎn佐zuǒ南nán城chéng,南nán城chéng之zhī政zhèng平píng。予yǔ知zhī其qí令lìng,令lìng曰yuē:丁dīng君jūn之zhī佐zuǒ我wǒ。又yòu知zhī其qí邑yì人rén,邑yì人rén无wú不bù乐lè道dào之zhī者zhě。予yǔ既jì患huàn今jīn之zhī士shì,而ér常cháng慕mù古gǔ之zhī人rén,每měi观guān良liáng吏lì一yī传chuán,则zé反fǎn覆fù爱ài之zhī。如rú丁dīng君jūn之zhī信xìn于yú其qí邑yì,予yǔ于yú旁páng近jìn邑yì之zhī所suǒ未wèi见jiàn,故gù爱ài之zhī特tè深shēn。今jīn为wèi令lìng于yú淮huái阴yīn,上shàng之zhī人rén知zhī其qí材cái而ér举jǔ用yòng之zhī也yě。于yú令lìng也yě,得dé人rén矣yǐ。使shǐ丁dīng君jūn一yī推tuī是shì心xīn以yǐ往wǎng,信xìn于yú此cǐ,有yǒu不bù信xìn于yú彼bǐ哉zāi!求qiú余yú文wén者zhě多duō矣yǐ,拒jù而ér莫mò之zhī与yǔ也yě。独dú丁dīng君jūn之zhī行xíng也yě,不bù求qiú余yú文wén,而ér余yú乐lè道dào其qí所suǒ尝cháng论lùn者zhě以yǐ送sòng之zhī,以yǐ示shì重zhòng丁dīng君jūn,且qiě勉miǎn之zhī,且qiě勉miǎn天tiān下xià之zhī凡fán为wèi吏lì者zhě也yě。

【谢xiè司sī理lǐ字zì序xù】君jūn子zǐ之zhī于yú德dé泽zé谊yì行xíng,大dà有yǒu为wèi者zhě也yě。于yú为wèi之zhī也yě,有yǒu明míng而ér易yì知zhī者zhě,有yǒu不bù示shì其qí用yòng者zhě。若ruò乃nǎi数shù度dù号hào令lìng,因yīn造zào损sǔn益yì,淳chún杂zá出chū入rù,则zé所suǒ谓wèi明míng而ér易yì知zhī者zhě,使shǐ人rén靡mí靡mí然rán化huà之zhī,不bù绝jué于yú动dòng作zuò趣qù舍shě之zhī际jì耳ěr,无wú深shēn关guān复fù键jiàn穹qióng墉yōng奥ào屋wū为wèi之zhī掩yǎn覆fù也yě。泊pō然rán莫mò能néng知zhī其qí所suǒ以yǐ发fā而ér至zhì者zhě,则zé所suǒ谓wèi不bù示shì其qí用yòng者zhě也yě。《易yì》曰yuē“知zhī微wēi知zhī彰zhāng”,彰zhāng显xiǎn之zhī微wēi,不bù显xiǎn之zhī谓wèi也yě。又yòu曰yuē“几jǐ事shì不bù密mì则zé害hài成chéng”、“退tuì藏cáng于yú密mì”者zhě,皆jiē不bù显xiǎn之zhī谓wèi也yě。陈chén郡jùn谢xiè君jūn名míng缜zhěn。缜zhěn,密mì也yě。而ér取qǔ字zì乃nǎi本běn诸zhū此cǐ,而ér字zì曰yuē通tōng微wēi。以yǐ谢xiè君jūn之zhī材cái,其qí向xiàng道dào也yě,苟gǒu为wèi无wú画huà,无wú不bù至zhì者zhě也yě。可kě以yǐ有yǒu为wéi者zhě也yě,能néng见jiàn其qí事shì业yè者zhě也yě,能néng不bù表biǎo其qí迹jì者zhě也yě,亦yì在zài懋mào之zhī而ér已yǐ。

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