推荐

第 188 / 503 回

卷juǎn第dì一yì百bǎi八bā十shí七qī 职zhí官guān

宰zǎi相xiàng 上shàng事shì 苏sū瑰guī 两liǎng省shěng 独dú孤gū及jí 参cān酌zhuó院yuàn 阳yáng城chéng 吕lǚ温wēn 韦wéi绚xuàn 李lǐ程chéng 杂zá说shuō

御yù史shǐ 同tóng州zhōu御yù史shǐ 崔cuī远yuǎn 严yán武wǔ 押yā班bān 台tái门mén 历lì五wǔ院yuàn 韩hán皋gāo 杂zá说shuō 使shǐ职zhí

尚shàng书shū省shěng 崔cuī日rì知zhī 度dù支zhī 柳liǔ辟pì 省shěng桥qiáo 秘mì书shū省shěng 鱼yú袋dài 莎shā厅tīng

宰zǎi相xiàng

凡fán拜bài相xiāng礼lǐ,绝jué班bān行xíng。府fǔ县xiàn载zài沙shā填tián路lù,自zì私sī第dì至zhì于yú子zi城chéng东dōng街jiē,名míng曰yuē沙shā堤dī。有yǒu服fú假jiǎ,或huò问wèn疾jí,百bǎi僚liáo就jiù第dì。有yǒu司sī设shè幕mù次cì,排pái班bān。元yuán日rì冬dōng至zhì立lì仗zhàng,大dà官guān皆jiē备bèi珂kē伞sǎn,列liè烛zhú有yǒu五wǔ六liù百bǎi炬jù,谓wèi之zhī火huǒ城chéng。宰zǎi相xiàng火huǒ城chéng将jiāng至zhì,则zé皆jiē扑pū灭miè以yǐ避bì。宰zǎi相xiàng判pàn四sì方fāng之zhī事shì有yǒu都dōu堂táng,处chǔ分fèn有yǒu司sī有yǒu堂táng帖tiē,下xià次cì押yā名míng曰yuē花huā押yā,黄huáng敕chì既jì下xià,小xiǎo异yì同tóng曰yuē黄huáng帖tiē,宰zǎi相xiàng呼hū为wèi堂táng老lǎo。初chū百bǎi官guān早zǎo朝cháo,必bì立lì马mǎ建jiàn福fú望wàng仙xiān门mén外wài。宰zǎi相xiàng则zé于yú光guāng宅zhái车chē坊fāng,以yǐ避bì风fēng雨yǔ。元yuán和hé初chū,始shǐ置zhì待dài漏lòu院yuàn。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

举jǔ行xíng拜bài相xiāng礼lǐ那nà天tiān百bǎi官guān停tíng止zhǐ上shàng朝cháo。京jīng兆zhào府fǔ县xiàn百bǎi姓xìng都dōu要yào填tián平píng道dào路lù,道dào铺pù黄huáng沙shā、洒sǎ水shuǐ。从cóng宰zǎi相xiàng的de私sī宅zhái铺pù到dào子zi城chéng东dōng街jiē,名míng叫jiào沙shā堤dī。有yǒu丧sāng事shì服fú假jiǎ的de,或huò者zhě父fù母mǔ有yǒu病bìng去qù问wèn候hòu疾jí病bìng的de除chú外wài,其qí余yú文wén武wǔ百bǎi官guān都dōu要yào去qù参cān加jiā。由yóu主zhǔ管guǎn拜bài相xiāng礼lǐ的de官guān员yuán给gěi安ān排pái次cì序xù,安ān排pái帐zhàng蓬péng的de位wèi置zhì。举jǔ行xíng拜bài相xiāng礼lǐ多duō半bàn在zài正zhēng月yuè初chū一yī或huò冬dōng至zhì(吉jí日rì)。皇huáng帝dì的de仪yí仗zhàng也yě要yào象xiàng守shǒu护hù宫gōng门mén那nà样yàng分fēn立lì于yú拜bài相xiāng地dì点diǎn(土tǔ台tái)。京jīng城chéng大dà官guān都dōu要yào准zhǔn备bèi伞sǎn盖gài(有yǒu玉yù饰shì的de大dà伞sǎn),众zhòng官guān点diǎn着zháo大dà腊là烛zhú五wǔ、六liù百bǎi根gēn。照zhào得dé通tōng亮liàng称chēng为wéi火huǒ城chéng。宰zǎi相xiàng的de仪yí仗zhàng到dào来lái,众zhòng官guān都dōu要yào掩yǎn避bì腊là烛zhú以yǐ示shì尊zūn重zhòng。宰zǎi相xiàng办bàn公gōng地dì点diǎn(衙yá署shǔ)叫jiào都dōu堂táng,处chǔ理lǐ有yǒu关guān主zhǔ管guǎn各gè署shǔ事shì务wù用yòng堂táng帖tiē。皇huáng帝dì用yòng黄huáng绢juàn写xiě的de有yǒu关guān命mìng令lìng、训xùn谕yù臣chén下xià的de诏zhào书shū叫jiào黄huáng敕chì,宰zǎi相xiàng下xià达dá的de文wén书shū叫jiào黄huáng贴tiē。都dōu堂táng内nèi的de官guān员yuán称chēng宰zǎi相xiàng为wèi堂táng老lǎo。原yuán先xiān百bǎi官guān早zǎo朝cháo,必bì须xū牵qiān马mǎ在zài建jiàn福fú望wàng仙xiān门mén外wài等děng候hòu,宰zǎi相xiàng则zé于yú光guāng宅zhái车chē坊fāng内nèi等děng候hòu,以yǐ避bì风fēng雨yǔ。到dào唐táng宪xiàn宗zōng李lǐ纯chún元yuán和hé初chū年nián才cái设shè置zhì待dài漏lòu院yuàn。(上shàng早zǎo朝cháo诸zhū臣chén晨chén集jí之zhī所suǒ)

上shàng事shì

凡fán中zhōng书shū门mén下xià,并bìng于yú西xī省shěng上shàng,以yǐ便biàn礼lǐ仪yí。五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ上shàng,宰zǎi相xiàng送sòng上shàng,乃nǎi并bìng卿qīng参cān。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

凡fán是shì属shǔ于yú中zhōng书shū省shěng和hé门mén下xià省shěng的de官guān向xiàng朝cháo廷tíng上shàng书shū陈chén述shù意yì见jiàn的de,都dōu要yào经jīng过guò尚shàng书shū省shěng奏zòu给gěi皇huáng上shàng,以yǐ便biàn礼lǐ仪yí。五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ上shàng的de官guān如rú有yǒu奏zòu章zhāng,由yóu宰zǎi相xiàng送sòng上shàng和hé群qún臣chén一yì起qǐ参cān奏zòu。

苏sū瑰guī

景jǐng龙lóng三sān年nián,苏sū瑰guī除chú尚shàng书shū右yòu仆pū射shè。时shí公gōng卿qīng大dà臣chén初chū拜bài官guān者zhě,例lì计jì献xiàn食shí,名míng曰yuē烧shāo尾wěi。瑰guī因yīn侍shì内nèi宴yàn,将jiāng作zuò大dà匠jiàng宗zōng晋jìn卿qīng谓wèi曰yuē:“拜bài仆pū射shè,竟jìng不bù烧shāo尾wěi,岂qǐ不bù善shàn邪xié?”帝dì默mò然rán。瑰guī奏zòu曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén宰zǎi相xiàng者zhě,主zhǔ阴yīn阳yáng,助zhù天tiān理lǐ物wù。今jīn粒lì食shí踊yǒng贵guì,百bǎi姓xìng不bù足zú,臣chén见jiàn宿sù卫wèi兵bīng,至zhì有yǒu三sān日rì不bù得dé食shí者zhě。臣chén愚yú不bù称chèn职zhí,所suǒ以yǐ不bù敢gǎn烧shāo尾wěi。”(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng中zhōng宗zōng李lǐ显xiǎn景jǐng尤yóu三sān年nián,苏sū瑰guī授shòu尚shàng书shū右yòu仆pū射shè。当dāng时shí公gōng卿qīng大dà臣chén,初chū次cì授shòu官guān者zhě,依yī照zhào惯guàn例lì应yīng该gāi献xiàn食shí,名míng叫jiào烧shāo尾wěi。苏sū瑰guī因yīn为wèi授shòu尚shàng书shū右yòu仆pū射shè时shí皇huáng帝dì已yǐ为wèi他tā设shè宴yàn。将jiāng作zuò大dà匠jiàng(官guān名míng,掌zhǎng修xiū建jiàn宫gōng室shì的de官guān)宗zōng晋jìn卿qīng对duì苏sū瑰guī说shuō:“授shòu仆pū射shè这zhè样yàng重zhòng大dà的de事shì,竟jìng不bù’烧shāo尾wěi‘岂qǐ不bù是shì不bú对duì吗ma?”唐táng中zhōng宗zōng没méi吱zhī声shēng。苏sū瑰guī上shàng奏zòu说shuō:“臣chén知zhī道dào当dāng宰zǎi相xiàng的de,执zhí掌zhǎng国guó家jiā大dà事shì,帮bāng助zhù天tiān子zi处chǔ理lǐ国guó家jiā事shì务wù。现xiàn在zài粮liáng食shí昂áng贵guì,米mǐ价jià暴bào涨zhǎng,百bǎi姓xìng吃chī不bù饱bǎo。臣chén见jiàn禁jìn军jūn中zhōng,竟jìng有yǒu三sān天tiān没méi吃chī到dào饭fàn的de,臣chén考kǎo虑lǜ自zì己jǐ不bù称chèn职zhí,因yīn为wèi这zhè个ge缘yuán故gù不bù敢gǎn’烧shāo尾wěi‘”。

两liǎng省shěng

谏jiàn议yì无wú事shì不bù入rù:每měi遇yù入rù省shěng,有yǒu厨chú食shí四sì孔kǒng炙zhì。中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén时shí谓wèi宰zǎi相xiàng判pàn官guān;宰zǎi相xiàng亲qīn嫌xián,不bù拜bài知zhī制zhì诰gào为wèi屧xiè脚jiǎo。又yòu云yún:“不bù由yóu三sān字zì,直zhí拜bài中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén者zhě,谓wèi之zhī挞tà额é裹guǒ头tóu。其qí制zhì诰gào之zhī本běn,出chū自zì王wáng言yán,皆jiē人rén主zhǔ所suǒ为wèi。故gù汉hàn光guāng武wǔ时shí,第dì五wǔ伦lún为wèi督dū铸zhù钱qián掾yuàn,见jiàn诏zhào书shū而ér叹tàn曰yuē:”此cǐ圣shèng明míng主zhǔ也yě,一yī见jiàn决jué矣yǐ。“近jìn者zhě凡fán有yǒu诏zhào敕chì,皆jiē责zé成chéng群qún下xià。褒bāo贬biǎn之zhī言yán,哲zhé王wáng所suǒ慎shèn。凡fán百bǎi具jù寮liáo,王wáng公gōng卿qīng士shì,始shǐ褒bāo则zé谓wèi其qí珪guī璋zhāng特tè达dá,善shàn无wú可kě加jiā;旋xuán有yǒu贬biǎn黜chù,则zé比bǐ以yǐ斗dòu筲shāo下xià才cái,罪zuì不bù容róng责zé。同tóng为wèi一yī士shì(”士shì“原yuán作zuò”字zì“,据jù明míng抄chāo本běn改gǎi)之zhī行xíng,固gù出chū君jūn上shàng之zhī言yán,愚yú智zhì生shēng于yú倏shū忽hū,是shì非fēi变biàn于yú俄é倾qīng。盖gài天tiān子zi无wú戏xì言yán,言yán之zhī苟gǒu失shī,则zé取qǔ尤yóu天tiān下xià。(出chū《卢lú氏shì杂zá说shuō》)

【译yì文wén】

谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū无wú事shì不bù入rù门mén下xià省shěng,如rú入rù省shěng,有yǒu厨chú食shí四sì孔kǒng烧shāo烤kǎo肉ròu吃chī。中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén,时shí谓wèi宰zǎi相xiàng判pàn官guān。宰zǎi相xiàng对duì待dài下xià属shǔ官guān员yuán有yǒu远yuǎn有yǒu近jìn,不bù授shòu与yǔ中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén为wéi知zhī制zhì诰gào(官guān名míng,掌zhǎng草cǎo拟nǐ、缮shàn写xiě皇huáng帝dì的de诏zhào书shū)官guān的de为wèi屧xiè脚jiǎo,又yòu叫jiào不bù由yóu三sān字zì。直zhí接jiē授shòu中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén官guān的de叫jiào挞tà额é裹guǒ头tóu。关guān于yú制zhì诰gào一yī类lèi的de诏zhào书shū,本běn来lái出chū自zì皇huáng帝dì之zhī口kǒu,都dōu是shì皇huáng帝dì本běn人rén应yīng该gāi做zuò的de。过guò去qù汉hàn光guāng武wǔ帝dì时shí,第dì五wǔ伦lún任rèn督dū铸zhù钱qián掾yuàn,看kàn见jiàn诏zhào书shū而ér感gǎn叹tàn说shuō,这zhè是shì英yīng明míng的de圣shèng主zhǔ啊a!皇huáng上shàng一yī见jiàn就jiù决jué定dìng了le。现xiàn在zài凡fán是shì有yǒu诏zhào敕chì,都dōu责zé成chéng下xià边biān写xiě成chéng诏zhào书shū。诏zhào书shū上shàng的de话huà,是shì英yīng明míng圣shèng主zhǔ应yīng该gāi慎shèn重zhòng选xuǎn择zé的de。现xiàn在zài群qún臣chén、王wáng公gōng卿qīng士shì,想xiǎng褒bāo奖jiǎng一yí个gè人rén时shí就jiù说shuō他tā品pǐn德dé高gāo尚shàng,人rén才cái出chū众zhòng,好hǎo得dé没méi法fǎ再zài好hǎo;若ruò是shì遭zāo到dào贬biǎn斥chì被bèi罢bà免miǎn时shí就jiù说shuō他tā才cái识shí短duǎn浅qiǎn、器qì量liàng狭xiá小xiǎo,是shì个gè罪zuì不bù容róng责zé的de坏huài人rén。同tóng样yàng一yí个gè人rén做zuò的de事shì,出chū自zì君jūn王wáng之zhī口kǒu,糊hú涂tú、聪cōng明míng生shēng于yú瞬shùn间jiān,正zhèng确què、错cuò误wù变biàn于yú顷qǐng刻kè。君jūn王wáng应yīng该gāi无wú戏xì言yán,说shuō话huà若ruò有yǒu失shī误wù,则zé取qǔ罪zuì于yú天tiān下xià,失shī信xìn于yú天tiān下xià老lǎo百bǎi姓xìng。

独dú孤gū及jí

独dú孤gū及jí求qiú知zhī制zhì诰gào,试shì见jiàn元yuán载zài。元yuán知zhī其qí所suǒ欲yù,迎yíng谓wèi曰yuē:”制zhì诰gào阿ā谁shuí堪kān?“及jí心xīn知zhī不bù我wǒ与yǔ而ér与yǔ他tā也yě,乃nǎi荐jiàn李lǐ纾shū。时shí杨yáng炎yán在zài阁gé下xià,忌jì及jí之zhī来lái,故gù元yuán阻zǔ之zhī,乃nǎi二èr人rén力lì也yě。(出chū《嘉jiā话huà录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

独dú孤gū及jí想xiǎng任rèn知zhī制zhì诰gào官guān,去qù见jiàn元yuán载zài想xiǎng探tàn听tīng消xiāo息xī。元yuán载zài知zhī道dào独dú孤gū及jí的de打dǎ算suàn。迎yíng出chū来lái对duì独dú孤gū及jí说shuō:”知zhī制zhì诰gào这zhè个ge官guān谁shuí能néng担dān任rèn啊a?“独dú孤gū及jí便biàn明míng白bái了le不bù能néng让ràng他tā担dān任rèn,让ràng别bié人rén担dān任rèn。于yú是shì就jiù推tuī荐jiàn李lǐ纾shū。当dāng时shí杨yáng炎yán在zài中zhōng书shū省shěng,他tā也yě不bù愿yuàn让ràng独dú孤gū及jí来lái,因yīn此cǐ元yuán、载zài就jiù不bù让ràng独dú孤gū及jí担dān任rèn此cǐ职zhí。独dú孤gū及jí没méi当dāng上shàng知zhī制zhì诰gào,是shì元yuán杨yáng二èr人rén阻zǔ止zhǐ的de结jié果guǒ。

参cān酌zhuó院yuàn

长zhǎng庆qìng初chū,穆mù宗zōng以yǐ刑xíng法fǎ为wèi重zhòng。每měi大dà狱yù,有yǒu司sī断duàn罪zuì,又yòu令lìng给gěi事shì中zhōng中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén参shēn酌zhuó出chū入rù之zhī,百bǎi司sī呼hū为wèi参cān酌zhuó院yuàn。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng穆mù宗zōng李lǐ恒héng长zhǎng庆qìng初chū年nián,穆mù宗zōng以yǐ刑xíng法fǎ为wèi重zhòng,每měi次cì遇yù大dà的de案àn件jiàn,先xiān由yóu主zhǔ管guǎn者zhě判pàn罪zuì,又yòu命mìng令lìng门mén下xià省shěng的de给gěi事shì中zhōng和hé中zhōng书shū省shěng的de中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén参shēn加jiā商shāng量liáng定dìng罪zuì。当dāng时shí官guān员yuán叫jiào这zhè为wèi参cān酌zhuó院yuàn。

阳yáng城chéng

阳yáng城chéng居jū夏xià县xiàn,拜bài谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū;郑zhèng锢gù居jū阌wén乡xiāng,拜bài拾shí遗yí;李lǐ周zhōu南nán居jū曲qǔ江jiāng,拜bài校xiào书shū郎láng。时shí人rén以yǐ转zhuǎn远yuǎn转zhuǎn高gāo,转zhuǎn近jìn转zhuǎn卑bēi。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

阳yáng城chéng居jū夏xià县xiàn,授shòu谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū;郑zhèng锢gù居jū阌wén乡xiāng,授shòu拾shí遗yí;李lǐ周zhōu南nán居jū曲qǔ江jiāng,授shòu校xiào书shū郎láng。当dāng时shí人rén们men认rèn为wéi越yuè从cóng远yuǎn地dì方fāng调diào来lái的de官guān职zhí越yuè高gāo,越yuè从cóng近jìn的de地dì方fāng调diào来lái的de官guān职zhí反fǎn而ér低dī下xià。

吕lǚ温wēn

通tōng事shì舍shě人rén宣xuān诏zhào,旧jiù命mìng拾shí遗yí团tuán句jù把bǎ麻má者zhě,盖gài谒yè者zhě不bù知zhī书shū,多duō失shī句jù度dù,故gù用yòng拾shí遗yí低dī摘zhāi声shēng句jù以yǐ助zhù之zhī。及jí吕lǚ温wēn为wèi拾shí遗yí,被bèi唤huàn把bǎ麻má,不bù肯kěn去qù。遂suì成chéng故gù事shì。拾shí遗yí不bù把bǎ麻má者zhě,自zì吕lǚ始shǐ也yě。时shí柳liǔ宗zōng元yuán戏xì吕lǚ云yún:”幸xìng识shí一yī文wén半bàn字zì,何hé不bù与yǔ他tā把bǎ也yě?“(出chū《嘉jiā话huà录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

门mén下xià省shěng通tōng事shì舍shě人rén宣xuān读dú诏zhào书shū时shí,按àn照zhào旧jiù例lì门mén下xià省shěng长zhǎng官guān命mìng令lìng拾shí遗yí官guān帮bāng助zhù指zhǐ点diǎn句jù读dòu,因yīn宣xuān读dú者zhě(通tōng事shì舍shě人rén)不bù懂dǒng诏zhào书shū上shàng句jù子zi长cháng短duǎn,多duō数shù把bǎ句jù子zi读dú错cuò,所suǒ以yǐ让ràng拾shí遗yí官guān从cóng旁páng低dī声shēng帮bāng助zhù提tí示shì。到dào吕lǚ温wēn任rèn拾shí遗yí官guān时shí,被bèi唤huàn去qù把bǎ麻má(因yīn诏zhào书shū用yòng白bái麻má纸zhǐ书shū写xiě,所suǒ以yǐ把bǎ这zhè差chāi事shì叫jiào把bǎ麻má。)吕lǚ温wēn不bù肯kěn去qù。从cóng这zhè以yǐ后hòu,就jiù成chéng为wéi贯guàn例lì。拾shí遗yí不bù给gěi宣xuān读dú者zhě提tí示shì句jù读dòu是shì从cóng品pǐn温wēn开kāi始shǐ的de。当dāng时shí柳liǔ宗zōng元yuán对duì吕lǚ温wēn开kāi玩wán笑xiào说shuō:”幸xìng亏kuī你nǐ认rèn识shí一yī字zì半bàn字zì,否fǒu则zé为wèi啥shá不bù给gěi他tā把bǎ麻má?

韦wéi绚xuàn

开kāi成chéng末mò,韦wéi绚xuàn自zì左zuǒ补bǔ阙quē为wèi起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén。时shí文wén宗zōng稽jī古gǔ尚shàng文wén,多duō行xíng贞zhēn观guàn开kāi元yuán之zhī事shì。妙miào选xuǎn左zuǒ右yòu史shǐ,以yǐ魏wèi谟mó为wèi右yòu史shǐ,俄é兼jiān大dà谏jiàn,入rù阁gé秉bǐng笔bǐ。直zhí声shēng远yuǎn闻wén,帝dì倚yǐ以yǐ为wéi相xiāng者zhě,期qī在zài旦dàn暮mù。对duì剔tī进jìn谏jiàn,细xì大dà必bì行xíng。公gōng望wàng美měi事shì,朝cháo廷tíng拭shì目mù,以yǐ观guān文wén贞zhēn公gōng之zhī风fēng彩cǎi。会huì文wén宗zōng晏yàn驾jià,时shí事shì变biàn移yí,遂suì中zhōng辍chuò焉yān。时shí绚xuàn已yǐ除chú起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén,杨yáng嗣sì复fù于yú殿diàn下xià先xiān奏zòu曰yuē:“左zuǒ补bǔ阙quē韦wéi绚xuàn新xīn除chú起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén,未wèi中zhōng谢xiè,奏zòu取qǔ进jìn止zhǐ。”帝dì领lǐng之zhī。李lǐ珪guī招zhāo而ér引yǐn之zhī,绚xuàn即jí置zhì笔bǐ札zhá于yú玉yù阶jiē栏lán槛kǎn之zhī石shí,遽jù然rán趋qū而ér致zhì词cí拜bài舞wǔ焉yān。左zuǒ史shǐ得dé中zhōng谢xiè,自zì开kāi成chéng中zhōng至zhì武wǔ宗zōng即jí位wèi,随suí仗zhàng而ér退tuì,无wú复fù簪zān笔bǐ之zhī任rèn矣yǐ。遇yù簪zān笔bǐ之zhī际jì,因yīn得dé密mì迩ěr天tiān颜yán,故gù时shí人rén谓wèi两liǎng省shěng为wèi侍shì从cóng之zhī班bān,则zé登dēng选xuǎn者zhě不bù为wèi不bù达dá矣yǐ。(出chū《嘉jiā话huà录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng文wén宗zōng李lǐ昂áng开kāi成chéng末mò年nián,韦wéi绚xuàn从cóng左zuǒ补bǔ阙quē(谏jiàn官guān)任rèn起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén(隶lì属shǔ中zhōng书shū省shěng,掌zhǎng记jì皇huáng帝dì的de起qǐ居jū)。当dāng时shí文wén宗zōng好hào古gǔ尊zūn崇chóng文wén人rén学xué士shì,多duō数shù按àn照zhào太tài宗zōng贞zhēn观guàn、玄xuán宗zōng开kāi元yuán年nián间jiān的de办bàn法fǎ办bàn事shì。仔zǐ细xì挑tiāo选xuǎn左zuǒ史shǐ(记jì皇huáng帝dì的de言yán论lùn)、右yòu史shǐ(记jì皇huáng帝dì的de行xíng动dòng),以yǐ魏wèi谟mó为wèi右yòu史shǐ,不bù久jiǔ又yòu让ràng魏wèi谟mó兼jiān谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū(谏jiàn官guān),入rù朝cháo执zhí掌zhǎng记jì事shì。魏wèi谟mó正zhèng直zhí的de名míng声shēng,远yuǎn近jìn传chuán扬yáng。文wén宗zōng让ràng他tā当dāng宰zǎi相xiàng是shì早zǎo晚wǎn的de事shì。魏wèi谟mó不bù论lùn大dà事shì小xiǎo事shì,都dōu能néng针zhēn对duì时shí弊bì正zhèng言yán直zhí谏jiàn。朝cháo廷tíng众zhòng官guān都dōu等děng待dài选xuǎn择zé魏wèi谟mó任rèn宰zǎi相xiàng那nà一yī天tiān。正zhèng在zài这zhè个ge时shí候hòu文wén宗zōng死sǐ了le。事shì情qíng有yǒu了le变biàn化huà,让ràng魏wèi谟mó当dāng宰zǎi相xiàng这zhè件jiàn事shì就jiù停tíng下xià了le。当dāng时shí韦wéi绚xuàn已yǐ经jīng授shòu职zhí起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén。杨yáng嗣sì又yòu在zài殿diàn下xià向xiàng武wǔ宗zōng李lǐ炎yán上shàng奏zòu说shuō,左zuǒ补bǔ阙quē韦wéi绚xuàn新xīn授shòu起qǐ居jū舍shě人rén,没méi向xiàng皇huáng帝dì谢xiè恩ēn,就jiù中zhōng止zhǐ了le吧ba。皇huáng帝dì点diǎn点diǎn头tóu。退tuì班bān后hòu,李lǐ珪guī招zhāo呼hū韦wéi绚xuàn请qǐng他tā到dào殿diàn外wài。韦wéi绚xuàn急jí忙máng把bǎ笔bǐ和hé书shū写xiě用yòng的de木mù简jiǎn放fàng在zài玉yù阶jiē栏lán杆gān石shí头tou上shàng,跑pǎo过guò来lái致zhì词cí拜bài舞wǔ,韦wéi绚xuàn这zhè样yàng做zuò,是shì为wèi了le给gěi皇huáng帝dì谢xiè恩ēn。从cóng开kāi成chéng中zhōng期qī到dào武wǔ宗zōng即jí位wèi,仪yí仗zhàng退tuì下xià群qún臣chén也yě就jiù退tuì下xià,没méi有yǒu在zài朝cháo记jì事shì的de事shì了le。遇yù有yǒu记jì事shì的de时shí候hòu,能néng接jiē近jìn皇huáng上shàng,看kàn清qīng皇huáng上shàng的de面miàn貌mào。门mén下xià省shěng和hé中zhōng书shū省shěng的de官guān员yuán只zhǐ是shì随suí从cóng而ér已yǐ。因yīn为wèi这zhè个ge缘yuán故gù,所suǒ以yǐ当dāng时shí人rén们men称chēng,两liǎng省shěng为wèi侍shì从cóng班bān。当dāng上shàng大dà官guān可kě以yǐ算suàn是shì近jìn臣chén了le。

李lǐ程chéng

李lǐ程chéng为wèi翰hàn林lín学xué士shì,以yǐ阶jiē前qián砖zhuān日rì影yǐng为wèi入rù候hòu。程chéng性xìng懒lǎn,每měi入rù必bì逾yú八bā砖zhuān,故gù号hào为wèi八bā砖zhuān学xué土tǔ。(出chū《传chuán载zài》)

【译yì文wén】

李lǐ程chéng任rèn翰hàn林lín学xué士shì(官guān名míng,唐táng玄xuán宗zōng开kāi元yuán初chū置zhì翰hàn林lín院yuàn,掌zhǎng起qǐ草cǎo诏zhào书shū及jí应yìng承chéng皇huáng帝dì的de各gè种zhǒng文wén字zì)以yǐ阶jiē前qián砖zhuān的de日rì影yǐng为wèi入rù院yuàn时shí刻kè。李lǐ程chéng愿yuàn意yì睡shuì早zǎo觉jué。每měi次cì入rù院yuàn日rì影yǐng必bì须xū超chāo过guò八bā块kuài砖zhuān,才cái能néng入rù朝cháo。因yīn此cǐ号hào为wèi八bā砖zhuān学xué士shì。

杂zá说shuō

两liǎng省shěng相xiāng呼hū为wèi阁gé老lǎo,尚shàng书shū丞chéng郎láng相xiāng呼hū为wèi曹cáo长zhǎng,员yuán外wài郎láng御yù史shǐ拾shí遗yí相xiāng呼hū为wèi院yuàn长zhǎng。上shàng可kě兼jiān下xià,下xià不bù可kě兼jiān上shàng。侍shì御yù史shǐ相xiāng呼hū为wèi端duān公gōng。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

门mén下xià省shěng、中zhōng书shū省shěng的de官guān员yuán相xiāng互hù称chēng为wéi阁gé老lǎo。尚shàng书shū省shěng的de尚shàng书shū郎láng、左zuǒ丞chéng、右yòu丞chéng相xiàng互hù称chēng为wéi曹cáo长zhǎng。员yuán外wài郎láng、御yù史shǐ、拾shí遗yí相xiāng互hù称chēng为wéi院yuàn长zhǎng。官guān职zhí大dà的de可kě以yǐ代dài替tì下xià属shǔ官guān员yuán办bàn事shì,下xià属shǔ官guān员yuán不bù可kě以yǐ代dài替tì官guān职zhí大dà的de官guān员yuán办bàn事shì。侍shì御yù史shǐ之zhī间jiān相xiāng互hù称chēng为wéi端duān公gōng。

御yù史shǐ

御yù史shǐ故gù事shì,大dà朝zhāo会huì则zé监jiān察chá押yā班bān,常cháng参cān则zé殿diàn中zhōng分fēn班bān,入rù阁gé则zé侍shì御yù史shǐ监jiān奏zòu。盖gài含hán元yuán殿diàn最zuì远yuǎn,用yòng八bā品pǐn宣xuān政zhèng其qí次cì,用yòng七qī品pǐn紫zǐ宸chén最zuì近jìn,用yòng六liù品pǐn殿diàn中zhōng得dé立lì花huā砖zhuān,绿lǜ衣yī用yòng紫zǐ案àn褥rù之zhī类lèi,号hào为wèi七qī贵guì。监jiān察chá院yuàn长zhǎng与yǔ同tóng院yuàn礼lǐ隔gé,语yǔ曰yuē:事shì长zhǎng如rú事shì端duān。凡fán上shàng堂táng绝jué言yán笑xiào,有yǒu不bù可kě忍rěn,杂zá端duān大dà笑xiào,则zé合hé座zuò皆jiē笑xiào,谓wèi之zhī烘hōng堂táng。烘hōng堂táng不bù罚fá。大dà夫fū中zhōng暴bào入rù三sān院yuàn,罚fá直zhí尽jǐn放fàng。其qí轻qīng重zhòng尺chǐ寸cùn,由yóu于yú(“于yú”原yuán作zuò“放fàng”,据jù国guó史shǐ补bǔ改gǎi)吏lì人rén,而ér大dà者zhě存cún之zhī黄huáng卷juǎn。三sān院yuàn上shàng堂táng,有yǒu除chú改gǎi者zhě不bù得dé终zhōng食shí。唯wéi刑xíng部bù郎láng中zhōng得dé终zhōng之zhī。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng代dài御yù史shǐ的de惯guàn例lì,大dà朝zhāo会huì在zài含hán元yuán殿diàn举jǔ行xíng(皇huáng帝dì接jiē见jiàn群qún臣chén,外wài国guó使shǐ臣chén和hé庆qìng贺hè盛shèng典diǎn称chēng大dà朝zhāo会huì),由yóu监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ领lǐng班bān。常cháng参cān(初chū一yī、十shí五wǔ)则zé由yóu殿diàn中zhōng侍shì御yù史shǐ在zài宣xuān政zhèng殿diàn分fēn班bān排pái列liè。入rù阁gé(跟gēn随suí皇huáng帝dì的de仪yí仗zhàng出chū入rù宫gōng廷tíng)则zé由yóu侍shì御yù史shǐ监jiān奏zòu(监jiān察chá群qún臣chén有yǒu无wú失shī礼lǐ者zhě)。因yīn为wèi在zài含hán元yuán殿diàn举jǔ行xíng大dà朝zhāo会huì人rén多duō官guān员yuán们men要yào排pái很hěn长zhǎng的de队duì伍wǔ,级jí别bié低dī的de御yù史shǐ也yě要yào参cān加jiā礼lǐ仪yí纠jiū察chá。皇huáng帝dì升shēng宣xuān政zhèng殿diàn,有yǒu些xiē朝cháo臣chén就jiù不bù必bì参cān加jiā。参cān与yù的de大dà臣chén距jù皇huáng帝dì就jiù近jìn一yī些xiē,侍shì驾jià的de御yù史shǐ级jí别bié略lüè高gāo一yī些xiē。皇huáng帝dì升shēng紫zǐ宸chén殿diàn(群qún臣chén单dān日rì朝cháo见jiàn皇huáng帝dì),大dà臣chén就jiù在zài皇huáng帝dì的de身shēn边biān。即jí用yòng级jí别bié较jiào高gāo的de殿diàn中zhōng侍shì御yù史shǐ在zài殿diàn内nèi司sī职zhí。他tā们men有yǒu固gù定dìng站zhàn立lì的de位wèi置zhì。绿lǜ衣yī以yǐ上shàng级jí别bié较jiào高gāo的de御yù史shǐ,朝cháo见jiàn时shí是shì有yǒu座zuò位wèi的de。御yù史shǐ们men被bèi称chēng为wéi七qī贵guì。(权quán贵guì的de意yì思si)御yù史shǐ台tái长zhǎng官guān的de办bàn公gōng室shì与yǔ下xià属shǔ的de办bàn公gōng室shì按àn规guī矩jǔ隔gé开kāi。欲yù语yǔ说shuō,侍shì候hòu长zhǎng官guān要yào象xiàng对duì待dài自zì己jǐ的de头tóu一yī样yàng。凡fán是shì上shàng堂táng办bàn公gōng要yào严yán肃sù,不bù能néng随suí便biàn说shuō笑xiào。有yǒu忍rěn不bú住zhù笑xiào的de话huà或huò事shì,御yù史shǐ大dà笑xiào,则zé满mǎn屋wū大dà笑xiào。满mǎn座zuò皆jiē笑xiào叫jiào哄hōng堂táng,哄hōng堂táng大dà笑xiào下xià属shǔ不bù受shòu罚fá。御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū和hé御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng到dào三sān院yuàn(唐táng代dài御yù史shǐ台tái有yǒu三sān院yuàn,即jí台tái院yuàn、殿diàn院yuàn、察chá院yuàn)办bàn公gōng,履lǚ行xíng职zhí责zé:弹tán劾hé、察chá举jǔ、纠jiū察chá、辩biàn诬wū等děng,其qí处chǔ理lǐ轻qīng重zhòng程chéng度dù,先xiān由yóu具jù体tǐ办bàn案àn的de低dī级jí吏lì员yuán提tí出chū初chū步bù意yì见jiàn。大dà的de案àn件jiàn要yào有yǒu黄huáng卷juǎn存cún档dàng。三sān院yuàn理lǐ事shì,凡fán新xīn授shòu任rèn官guān的de,调diào转zhuǎn的dí当dàng即jí停tíng发fā原yuán职zhí的de俸fèng禄lù,改gǎi发fā新xīn任rèn职zhí俸fèng。唯wéi有yǒu刑xíng部bù郎láng中zhōng以yǐ上shàng官guān员yuán,继jì续xù发fā俸fèng至zhì年nián终zhōng,之zhī后hòu按àn新xīn任rèn职zhí务wù发fā俸fèng。

同tóng州zhōu御yù史shǐ

王wáng某mǒu云yún:往wǎng岁suì任rèn官guān同tóng州zhōu,见jiàn御yù史shǐ出chū案àn,回huí止zhǐ州zhōu驿yì,经jīng宿sù不bù发fā。忽hū索suǒ杂zá案àn,又yòu取qǔ印yìn历lì,锁suǒ驿yì门mén甚shèn急jí,一yī州zhōu大dà扰rǎo。有yǒu老lǎo吏lì窃qiè哂shěn,乃nǎi因yīn庖páo人rén以yǐ通tōng宪xiàn胥xū,许xǔ以yǐ百bǎi缣jiān为wèi赠zèng。明míng日rì未wèi明míng,御yù史shǐ已yǐ启qǐ驿yì门mén,尽jǐn还hái案àn牍dú,乘chéng马mǎ而ér去qù。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

王wáng某mǒu人rén说shuō,他tā过guò去qù在zài同tóng州zhōu任rèn官guān时shí。亲qīn眼yǎn看kàn见jiàn监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ从cóng京jīng城chéng出chū来lái巡xún察chá州zhōu县xiàn,回huí来lái到dào同tóng州zhōu驿yì馆guǎn住zhù下xià。住zhù了le一yī宿xiǔ也yě不bù走zǒu,突tū然rán向xiàng州zhōu衙yá署shǔ索suǒ要yào各gè式shì各gè样yàng的de案àn卷juàn,又yòu要yào印yìn鉴jiàn和hé记jì事shì簿bù,并bìng且qiě很hěn急jí促cù地dì把bǎ驿yì门mén锁suǒ上shàng,象xiàng有yǒu什shén么me要yào紧jǐn的de事shì似shì的de,扰rǎo闹nào得dé一yī州zhōu一yī宿xiǔ不bù得dé安ān宁níng。有yǒu一yí个gè老lǎo吏lì(官guān的de下xià属shǔ办bàn公gōng人rén员yuán)偷tōu偷tōu地dì发fā笑xiào。他tā借jiè掌zhǎng膳shàn食shí人rén的de关guān系xì官guān已yǐ和hé监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ下xià边biān的de胥xū吏lì(下xià属shǔ办bàn公gōng人rén员yuán)通tōng融róng好hǎo了le,答dā应yìng给gěi送sòng壹yī百bǎi匹pǐ缣jiān(微wēi带dài黄huáng色sè的de细xì绢juàn)。第dì二èr天tiān天tiān没méi亮liàng,御yù史shǐ已yǐ开kāi驿yì门mén,把bǎ案àn卷juàn印yìn历lì还huán给gěi州zhōu的de官guān署shǔ,骑qí马mǎ而ér去qù。

崔cuī远yuǎn

崔cuī远yuǎn为wèi监jiān察chá,巡xún囚qiú至zhì神shén策cè军jūn,为wèi吏lì所suǒ陷xiàn。张zhāng盖gài而ér入rù,又yòu讽fěng军jūn中zhōng索suǒ酒jiǔ食shí,意yì欲yù结jié欢huān。窦dòu文wén远yuǎn怒nù,立lì奏zòu(“立lì奏zòu”原yuán作zuò“奏zòu立lì”,据jù明míng抄chāo本běn改gǎi)敕chì就jiù台tái鞭biān于yú直zhí厅tīng而ér流liú之zhī。自zì是shì巡xún囚qiú不bù至zhì禁jìn军jūn。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

崔cuī远yuǎn任rèn监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ,为wèi巡xún察chá逃táo跑pǎo的de囚qiú犯fàn到dào禁jìn军jūn神shén策cè军jūn营yíng中zhōng,为wèi吏lì(官guān的de下xià属shǔ办bàn公gōng人rén员yuán)所suǒ陷xiàn害hài。他tā来lái的de时shí候hòu,仆pú役yì们men打dǎ着zhe大dà伞sǎn,又yòu扬yáng风fēng他tā在zài军jūn中zhōng索suǒ要yào酒jiǔ食shí,原yuán打dǎ算suàn通tōng过guò这zhè次cì饮yǐn酒jiǔ结jié好hǎo联lián欢huān。吏lì人rén说shuō坏huài话huà给gěi长zhǎng官guān窦dòu文wén远yuǎn,窦dòu文wén远yuǎn大dà怒nù,立lì刻kè上shàng奏zòu皇huáng帝dì。皇huáng帝dì下xià了le附fù有yǒu命mìng令lìng的de诏zhào书shū,命mìng令lìng在zài值zhí班bān的de大dà厅tīng里lǐ打dǎ崔cuī远yuǎn一yī顿dùn鞭biān子zi,然rán后hòu再zài流liú放fàng到dào边biān远yuǎn的de地dì方fāng。从cóng这zhè以yǐ后hòu,巡xún查chá犯fàn人rén,不bú到dào禁jìn军jūn了le。

严yán武wǔ

宝bǎo应yìng二èr年nián,大dà夫fū严yán武wǔ奏zòu在zài外wài新xīn除chú御yù史shǐ,食shí宿sù私sī舍shě非fēi宜yí。自zì此cǐ乃nǎi给gěi公gōng乘chéng。元yuán和hé中zhōng,元yuán稹zhěn为wèi监jiān察chá,与yǔ中zhōng使shǐ争zhēng驿yì厅tīng,为wèi其qí所suǒ辱rǔ,始shǐ有yǒu敕chì:节jié度dù观guān察chá使shǐ台tái官guān与yǔ中zhōng使shǐ,先xiān到dào驿yì者zhě,得dé处chù上shàng厅tīng。为wèi定dìng制zhì。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng代dài宗zōng李lǐ豫yù宝bǎo应yìng二èr年nián,大dà夫fū(官guān名míng)严yán武wǔ上shàng奏zòu皇huáng上shàng说shuō新xīn授shòu御yù史shǐ在zài家jiā食shí宿sù不bù方fāng便biàn有yǒu困kùn难nán。皇huáng上shàng恩ēn准zhǔn,自zì此cǐ便biàn给gěi公gōng家jiā马mǎ骑qí。唐táng宪xiàn宗zōng李lǐ纯chún元yuán和hé年nián间jiān监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ元yuán禛zhēn与yǔ宫gōng中zhōng使shǐ臣chén宦huàn官guān(在zài宫gōng中zhōng侍shì奉fèng皇huáng帝dì的de)争zhēng占zhàn驿yì厅tīng,元yuán稹zhěn被bèi宦huàn官guān所suǒ污wū辱rǔ(元yuán被bèi鞭biān打dǎ得dé头tóu破pò血xuè流liú)。皇huáng上shàng才cái下xià有yǒu命mìng令lìng性xìng质zhì的dì诏zhào书shū,规guī定dìng节jié度dù使shǐ、观guān察chá使shǐ、台tái官guān(尚shàng书shū和hé御yù史shǐ)和hé中zhōng使shǐ(帝dì王wáng宫gōng廷tíng中zhōng派pài出chū的de使shǐ者zhě,多duō由yóu宦huàn官guān充chōng任rèn),先xiān到dào驿yì馆guǎn的de,得dé住zhù上shàng厅tīng,定dìng下xià这zhè种zhǒng规guī矩jǔ。

押yā班bān

凡fán大dà朝zhāo会huì,监jiān察chá押yā班bān不bù足zú,则zé使shǐ下xià侍shì御yù史shǐ,因yīn朝cháo奏zòu者zhě摄shè之zhī。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

凡fán是shì大dà朝zhāo会huì(皇huáng帝dì接jiē见jiàn群qún臣chén、外wài国guó使shǐ臣chén和hé庆qìng贺hè盛shèng典diǎn称chēng为wéi大dà朝zhāo会huì),由yóu监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ领lǐng班bān,如rú果guǒ监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ不bù够gòu用yòng,则zé派pài侍shì御yù史shǐ顶dǐng替tì。因yīn为wèi是shì朝cháo奏zòu者zhě奏zòu请qǐng皇huáng帝dì批pī准zhǔn的de。

台tái门mén

御yù史shǐ台tái门mén北běi开kāi,盖gài取qǔ肃sù杀shā就jiù阴yīn之zhī义yì,故gù京jīng台tái门mén北běi开kāi矣yǐ。按àn邺yè郡jùn故gù事shì云yún:御yù史shǐ台tái在zài宫gōng城chéng西xī南nán,其qí门mén北běi开kāi。史shǐ故gù城chéng御yù史shǐ台tái亦yì北běi开kāi。龙lóng朔shuò中zhōng,置zhì桂guì坊fāng,为wèi东dōng朝cháo宪xiàn府fǔ,门mén亦yì北běi开kāi。然rán都dōu御yù史shǐ台tái门mén南nán开kāi。当dāng时shí创chuàng造zào者zhě不bù经jīng,反fǎn于yú故gù事shì,同tóng诸zhū司sī,盖gài以yǐ权quán宜yí邪xié?(御yù史shǐ台tái记jì)

又yòu北běi开kāi者zhě,或huò云yún,是shì隋suí初chū移yí都dōu之zhī时shí,兵bīng部bù尚shàng书shū李lǐ圆yuán通tōng兼jiān御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,欲yù向xiàng省shěng便biàn近jìn,故gù开kāi北běi门mén。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

御yù史shǐ台tái门mén北běi开kāi,因yīn为wèi是shì取qǔ酷kù烈liè、萧xiāo索suǒ、严yán肃sù的de意yì思si。按àn《邺yè郡jùn故gù事shì》上shàng说shuō,御yù史shǐ台tái在zài宫gōng城chéng西xī南nán,为wèi了le上shàng朝cháo便biàn利lì,其qí门mén北běi开kāi。隋suí时shí京jīng城chéng御yù史shǐ台tái门mén也yě北běi开kāi。唐táng高gāo宗zōng李lǐ治zhì龙lóng朔shuò三sān年nián。设shè置zhì桂guì坊fāng(管guǎn理lǐ太tài子zi宫gōng中zhōng图tú书shū、刊kān辑jí等děng事shì)改gǎi为wéi御yù史shǐ台tái门mén也yě北běi开kāi。可kě是shì都dōu御yù史shǐ(御yù史shǐ之zhī长zhǎng)台tái门mén南nán开kāi,是shì当dāng时shí建jiàn筑zhù者zhě没méi精jīng心xīn筹chóu划huà,故gù违wéi反fǎn旧jiù例lì。同tóng其qí他tā衙yá署shǔ一yī样yàng,大dà概gài是shì人rén权quán者zhě随suí事shì势shì而ér采cǎi取qǔ的de适shì宜yí办bàn法fǎ吧ba。

又yòu北běi开kāi门mén的de说shuō法fǎ,有yǒu的de人rén这zhè样yàng说shuō,是shì隋suí朝cháo初chū迁qiān都dū时shí,兵bīng部bù尚shàng书shū李lǐ圆yuán通tōng兼jiān御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,想xiǎng去qù尚shàng书shū省shěng就jiù近jìn,故gù开kāi北běi门mén。

历lì五wǔ院yuàn

台tái仪yí,自zì大dà夫fū已yǐ下xià至zhì监jiān察chá,通tōng谓wèi之zhī五wǔ院yuàn御yù史shǐ。国guó朝cháo历lì跋bá五wǔ院yuàn者zhě共gòng三sān人rén焉yān:李lǐ尚shàng隐yǐn、张zhāng延yán赏shǎng、温wēn造zào也yě。(出chū《尚shàng书shū故gù实shí》)

御yù史shǐ台tái的de礼lǐ仪yí,唐táng朝cháo官guān职zhí设shè置zhì,御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū、御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng、侍shì御yù史shǐ、殿diàn中zhōng侍shì御yù史shǐ、监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ,通tōng谓wèi之zhī五wǔ院yuàn御yù史shǐ,唐táng朝cháo只zhǐ有yǒu三sān个gè人rén都dōu经jīng历lì过guò五wǔ院yuàn的de。这zhè三sān个gè人rén是shì李lǐ尚shàng隐yǐn、张zhāng延yán赏shǎng、温wēn造zào。

韩hán皋gāo

韩hán皋gāo为wèi御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng,常cháng有yǒu所suǒ陈chén,必bì于yú紫zǐ宸chén殿diàn,对duì百bǎi僚liáo而ér请qǐng,未wèi尝cháng诣yì便biàn殿diàn。上shàng谓wèi之zhī曰yuē:“我wǒ与yǔ卿qīng言yán,于yú此cǐ不bù尽jìn,可kě来lái延yán英yīng,当dāng与yǔ卿qīng从cóng容róng,或huò无wú遗yí事shì。”亲qīn友yǒu或huò谓wèi皋gāo曰yuē:“自zì乾qián元yuán已yǐ来lái,群qún臣chén启qǐ事shì,皆jiē诣yì延yán英yīng,方fāng得dé详xiáng尽jìn。公gōng何hé独dú于yú处chù庭tíng,对duì众zhòng官guān以yǐ陈chén之zhī,无wú失shī于yú慎shèn密mì乎hū?”韩hán曰yuē:“御yù史shǐ天tiān下xià之zhī持chí平píng也yě。摧cuī(”摧cuī“原yuán作zuò”权quán“,据jù许xǔ刻kè本běn改gǎi)刚gāng直zhí枉wǎng,唯wéi在zài公gōng共gòng。所suǒ言yán之zhī事shì,贵guì人rén知zhī之zhī,奈nài何hé求qiú请qǐng便biàn殿diàn,避bì人rén窃qiè语yǔ,以yǐ私sī国guó家jiā之zhī法fǎ。且qiě延yán英yīng之zhī置zhì也yě,肃sù宗zōng皇huáng帝dì以yǐ苗miáo晋jìn卿qīng年nián老lǎo艰jiān步bù,故gù设shè之zhī。后hòu来lái臣chén僚liáo得dé诣yì便biàn殿diàn,多duō以yǐ私sī自zì售shòu,希xī求qiú恩ēn宠chǒng,欲yù尽jǐn其qí身shēn。奈nài何hé以yǐ此cǐ为wèi望wàng哉zāi!”(出chū《传chuán载zài》)

【译yì文wén】

韩hán皋gāo为wèi御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng时shí,常cháng向xiàng皇huáng帝dì奏zòu事shì,每měi朝cháo见jiàn皇huáng帝dì都dū在zài紫zǐ宸chén殿diàn,面miàn对duì百bǎi官guān,未wèi曾céng到dào便biàn殿diàn去qù上shàng奏zòu。皇huáng上shàng有yǒu时shí对duì韩hán说shuō:“我wǒ和hé你nǐ说shuō话huà,在zài这zhè说shuō不bù完wán,可kě以yǐ到dào延yán英yīng殿diàn去qù说shuō。我wǒ和hé你nǐ可kě以yǐ慢màn慢màn讲jiǎng,或huò许xǔ不bù能néng遗yí漏lòu。”韩hán皋gāo的de亲qīn友yǒu有yǒu的de对duì韩hán皋gāo说shuō,自zì乾qián元yuán(唐táng肃sù宗zōng李lǐ亨hēng年nián号hào)以yǐ来lái,群qún臣chén启qǐ事shì都dōu到dào延yán英yīng殿diàn去qù奏zòu,才cái能néng详xiáng尽jìn。你nǐ为wèi什shén么me独dú于yú外wài庭tíng面miàn对duì百bǎi官guān向xiàng皇huáng帝dì陈chén述shù呢ne,不bù怕pà泄xiè秘mì吗ma?韩hán皋gāo说shuō:“御yù史shǐ这zhè个ge官guān职zhí应yīng该gāi本běn着zhe公gōng平píng正zhèng直zhí的de态tài度dù去qù处chù理lǐ事shì情qíng。不bù畏wèi强qiáng暴bào,大dà家jiā公gōng认rèn合hé乎hū情qíng理lǐ,所suǒ说shuō的de事shì情qíng最zuì好hǎo让ràng大dà家jiā都dōu知zhī道dào。为wèi什shén么me去qù便biàn殿diàn,躲duǒ避bì百bǎi官guān私sī语yǔ,以yǐ国guó家jiā法fǎ律lǜ为wèi自zì己jǐ谋móu私sī利lì?况kuàng且qiě设shè置zhì延yán英yīng殿diàn本běn意yì是shì肃sù宗zōng皇huáng帝dì因yīn为wèi苗miáo晋jìn卿qīng年nián老lǎo步bù艰jiān,所suǒ以yǐ才cái建jiàn这zhè座zuò殿diàn。后hòu来lái臣chén僚liáo到dào便biàn殿diàn,多duō数shù是shì假jiǎ公gōng济jì私sī,希xī望wàng得dé到dào皇huáng上shàng的de恩ēn宠chǒng,从cóng中zhōng自zì己jǐ得dé到dào好hǎo处chù,为wèi什shén么me以yǐ此cǐ为wèi荣róng耀yào呢ne?

杂zá说shuō

谏jiàn院yuàn以yǐ章zhāng疏shū之zhī故gù,忧yōu患huàn略lüè同tóng。台tái中zhōng则zé务wù纠jiū举jǔ。省shěng中zhōng多duō事shì,旨zhǐ趋qū不bù一yī,故gù言yán遗yí补bǔ相xiāng惜xī,御yù史shǐ相xiāng憎zēng,郎láng官guān相xiāng轻qīng。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

谏jiàn院yuàn(谏jiàn官guān官guān署shǔ)因yīn为wèi屡lǚ上shàng奏zòu章zhāng的de缘yuán故gù,他tā们men担dān心xīn大dà体tǐ相xiāng同tóng。御yù史shǐ同tóng僚liáo之zhī间jiān常cháng闹nào意yì见jiàn。门mén下xià省shěng工gōng作zuò任rèn务wù繁fán重zhòng,大dà家jiā的de意yì见jiàn经jīng常cháng不bù一yī致zhì。所suǒ以yǐ说shuō拾shí遗yí(谏jiàn官guān名míng)、补bǔ阙quē(谏jiàn官guān名míng)互hù相xiāng友yǒu爱ài;御yù史shǐ之zhī间jiān互hù相xiāng憎zēng恨hèn;郎láng官guān(郎láng中zhōng、员yuán外wài郎láng)之zhī间jiān互hù相xiāng轻qīng视shì。

使shǐ职zhí

开kāi元yuán已yǐ前qián,于yú外wài则zé命mìng使shǐ臣chén,否fǒu则zé止zhǐ。自zì置zhì八bā节jié度dù十shí采cǎi访fǎng,始shǐ有yǒu坐zuò而ér为wèi使shǐ。其qí后hòu名míng号hào益yì广guǎng。于yú是shì有yǒu为wéi使shǐ则zé重zhòng,为wèi官guān则zé轻qīng。故gù天tiān宝bǎo末mò有yǒu佩pèi印yìn至zhì三sān十shí者zhě,大dà历lì中zhōng请qǐng俸fèng有yǒu至zhì千qiān贯guàn者zhě。今jīn在zài朝cháo太tài清qīng宫gōng、太tài微wēi宫gōng、度dù支zhī、盐yán铁tiě、转zhuǎn运yùn、知zhī苑yuàn、闲xián厩jiù、左zuǒ右yòu巡xún、分fēn察chá、监jiān察chá、馆guǎn驿yì、监jiān仓cāng、监jiān库kù、左zuǒ右yòu街jiē。外wài任rèn则zé节jié度dù、观guān察chá、诸zhū军jūn、押yā蕃fān、防fáng御yù、团tuán练liàn、经jīng略lüè、镇zhèn遏è、招zhāo讨tǎo、榷què盐yán、水shuǐ陆lù运yùn、营yíng田tián、给gěi纳nà、监jiān牧mù、长cháng春chūn宫gōng。有yǒu时shí而ér置zhì者zhě。则zé大dà礼lǐ、礼lǐ仪yí、会huì盟méng、删shān定dìng、三sān司sī、黜chù陟zhì、巡xún抚fǔ、宣xuān慰wèi、推tuī复fù、选xuǎn补bǔ、礼lǐ会huì、册cè立lì、吊diào祭jì、供gōng军jūn、粮liáng料liào、和hé籴dí。此cǐ其qí大dà略lüè。经jīng置zhì而ér废fèi者zhě不bù录lù。宦huàn(”宦huàn“原yuán作zuò”官guān“,据jù国guó史shǐ补bǔ改gǎi)官guān内nèi外wài悉xī谓wèi之zhī使shǐ。旧jiù为wèi权quán臣chén所suǒ绾wǎn,州zhōu县xiàn所suǒ理lǐ,今jīn属shǔ中zhōng人rén者zhě有yǒu之zhī。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng玄xuán宗zōng开kāi元yuán以yǐ前qián,皇huáng帝dì亲qīn自zì任rèn命mìng的de官guān员yuán为wèi使shǐ臣chén,不bú是shì这zhè样yàng的de不bù能néng称chēng使shǐ。自zì从cóng国guó内nèi设shè置zhì八bā个gè节jié度dù使shǐ、十shí路lù采cǎi访fǎng使shǐ,从cóng此cǐ节jié度dù使shǐ和hé采cǎi访fǎng使shǐ都dōu有yǒu了le固gù定dìng辖xiá区qū和hé治zhì地dì。此cǐ后hòu各gè种zhǒng使shǐ臣chén名míng目mù繁fán多duō。于yú是shì兼jiān任rèn使shǐ臣chén的de官guān员yuán被bèi人rén们men看kàn重zhòng,不bù兼jiān任rèn使shǐ臣chén的de一yì般bān官guān员yuán被bèi人rén们men轻qīng视shì。所suǒ以yǐ到dào天tiān宝bǎo(玄xuán宗zōng年nián号hào)年nián间jiān,有yǒu的de官guān员yuán佩pèi戴dài官guān印yìn竟jìng有yǒu三sān十shí枚méi之zhī多duō,到dào代dài宗zōng大dà历lì年nián间jiān有yǒu人rén兼jiān职zhí俸fèng禄lù到dào千qiān贯guàn以yǐ上shàng的de。今jīn在zài朝cháo的de有yǒu太tài清qīng宫gōng、太tài微wēi宫gōng、度dù支zhī、盐yán铁tiě、转zhuǎn运yùn、知zhī苑yuàn、闲xián厩jiù、左zuǒ右yòu巡xún、分fēn察chá、监jiān察chá、馆guǎn驿yì、监jiān仓cāng、监jiān库kù、左zuǒ右yòu街jiē,这zhè些xiē都dōu是shì采cǎi访fǎng使shǐ。外wài任rèn则zé为wèi节jié度dù使shǐ,如rú观guān察chá、诸zhū军jūn、押yā蕃fān、防fáng御yù、团tuán练liàn、经jīng略lüè、镇zhèn遏è、招zhāo讨tǎo、榷què盐yán、水shuǐ陆lù运yùn、营yíng田tián、给gěi纳nà、监jiān牧mù、长cháng春chūn宫gōng等děng。有yǒu临lín时shí设shè置zhì的de,则zé有yǒu大dà礼lǐ、礼lǐ仪yí、会huì盟méng、删shān定dìng、三sān司sī、黜chù陟zhì、巡xún抚fǔ、宣xuān慰wèi、推tuī覆fù、选xuǎn补bǔ、礼lǐ会huì、册cè立lì、吊diào祭jì、供gōng军jūn、粮liáng料liào、和hé籴dí等děng。这zhè些xiē都dōu是shì大dà体tǐ上shàng设shè置zhì的de衙yá门mén,还hái有yǒu一yī些xiē设shè置zhì的de衙yá门mén后hòu来lái废fèi除chú的de,尚shàng不bù包bāo括kuò在zài内nèi。宦huàn官guān无wú论lùn在zài宫gōng中zhōng任rèn职zhí或huò在zài外wài任rèn职zhí也yě一yī律lǜ称chēng使shǐ。过guò去qù由yóu重zhòng臣chén所suǒ司sī的de职zhí务wù,州zhōu县xiàn官guān所suǒ处chǔ理lǐ的de事shì务wù,由yóu宦huàn官guān来lái管guǎn理lǐ的de也yě有yǒu。

尚shàng书shū省shěng

郎láng官guān故gù事shì:吏lì部bù郎láng中zhōng二èr厅tīng,先xiān小xiǎo铨quán,次cì格gé式shì;员yuán外wài郎láng二èr厅tīng,先xiān南nán曹cáo,次cì废fèi置zhì。刑xíng部bù分fèn四sì复fù;户hù部bù分fèn两liǎng赋fù。其qí制zhì尚shàng矣yǐ。旧jiù说shuō,吏lì部bù为wèi省shěng眼yǎn,礼lǐ部bù为wèi南nán省shěng舍shě人rén,考kǎo功gōng度dù支zhī为wèi振zhèn行xíng,比bǐ部bù得dé廊láng(”廊láng“原yuán作zuò”廓kuò“,据jù明míng抄chāo本běn改gǎi)下xià食shí。以yǐ饭fàn从cóng者zhě,号hào比bǐ盘pán。二èr十shí四sì曹cáo呼hū左zuǒ右yòu司sī为wèi都dōu公gōng。省shěng中zhōng语yǔ曰yuē:后hòu行xíng祠cí屯tún,不bù博bó中zhōng行háng都dōu门mén;中zhōng行háng礼lǐ部bù,(明míng抄chāo本běn”部bù“作zuò”户hù“。)不bù博bó前qián行xíng驾jià库kù。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

郎láng中zhōng官guān和hé员yuán外wài官guān旧jiù例lì:吏lì部bù郎láng中zhōng有yǒu两liǎng个gè办bàn公gōng地dì点diǎn,遇yù有yǒu掌zhǎng选xuǎn时shí先xiān初chū次cì考kǎo绩jì、考kǎo论lùn文wén、核hé查chá资zī历lì、以yǐ后hòu再zài考kǎo试shì有yǒu关guān官guān署shǔ制zhì度dù、官guān员yuán职zhí权quán等děng法fǎ规guī,员yuán外wài郎láng也yě有yǒu两liǎng个gè办bàn公gōng衙yá署shǔ,先xiān到dào掌zhǎng选xuǎn的de吏lì部bù员yuán外wài郎láng铨quán选xuǎn,以yǐ后hòu决jué定dìng去qù留liú;刑xíng部bù分fèn刑xíng部bù、都dōu官guān、比bǐ部bù、门mén司sī四sì司sī,户hù部bù按àn职zhí务wù性xìng质zhì可kě分fēn两liǎng赋fù:田tián赋fù、贡gòng赋fù。过guò去qù的de说shuō法fǎ认rèn为wéi吏lì部bù是shì尚shàng书shū省shěng的de省shěng眼yǎn。吏lì部bù下xià设shè考kǎo功gōng司sī(掌zhǎng考kǎo课kè官guān吏lì黜chù陟zhì升shēng降jiàng等děng事shì宜yí)、度dù支zhī司sī(掌zhǎng全quán国guó财cái政zhèng收shōu入rù和hé支zhī出chū)称chēng之zhī为wèi振zhèn行xíng。刑xíng部bù的de比bǐ部bù司sī的de官guān员yuán可kě以yǐ在zài廊láng下xià就jiù食shí,司sī以yǐ下xià其qí他tā官guān员yuán陪péi同tóng吃chī饭fàn的de叫jiào作zuò比bǐ盘pán。尚shàng书shū省shěng下xià有yǒu六liù部bù(即jí户hù、礼lǐ、兵bīng、刑xíng、工gōng、吏lì部bù)每měi部bù分fèn四sì司sī,一yī共gòng有yǒu二èr十shí四sì衙yá署shǔ。衙yá署shǔ的de官guān员yuán之zhī间jiān,相xiāng互hù称chēng呼hū为wèi都dōu公gōng。尚shàng书shū省shěng内nèi有yǒu这zhè种zhǒng说shuō法fǎ:后hòu行xíng工gōng部bù、不bù换huàn中zhōng行háng礼lǐ部bù,中zhōng行háng礼lǐ部bù不bù换huàn兵bīng部bù、吏lì部bù。(唐táng把bǎ六liù部bù分fèn成chéng三sān等děng即jí前qián行xíng、中zhōng行háng、后hòu行xíng)

崔cuī日rì知zhī

崔cuī日rì知zhī历lì职zhí中zhōng外wài,恨hèn不bù居jū八bā座zuò。及jí为wèi太tài常cháng卿qīng,于yú都dōu寺sì厅tīng事shì后hòu起qǐ一yī楼lóu,正zhèng与yǔ尚shàng书shū省shěng相xiāng望wàng。时shí人rén谓wèi之zhī崔cuī公gōng望wàng省shěng楼lóu。(出chū《国guó史shǐ异yì纂zuǎn》)

【译yì文wén】

崔cuī日rì知zhī在zài京jīng城chéng任rèn官guān,也yě在zài地dì方fāng任rèn过guò官guān,可kě就jiù是shì没méi有yǒu任rèn过guò左zuǒ仆pū射shè和hé右yòu仆pū射shè及jí六liù部bù尚shàng书shū,感gǎn到dào很hěn遗yí憾hàn。到dào他tā任rèn太tài常cháng卿qīng(官guān名míng)时shí,在zài都dōu司sī厅tīng事shì后hòu营yíng建jiàn一yī座zuò楼lóu。这zhè所suǒ楼lóu正zhèng与yǔ尚shàng书shū省shěng官guān署shǔ相xiāng望wàng,当dāng时shí人rén们men称chēng为wéi崔cuī公gōng望wàng省shěng楼lóu。

度dù支zhī

故gù事shì,度dù支zhī案àn,郎láng中zhōng判pàn入rù,员yuán外wài判pàn出chū,侍shì郎láng总zǒng疏shū押yā案àn而ér已yǐ。贞zhēn元yuán以yǐ后hòu,始shǐ为wèi使shǐ额é。郎láng官guān当dāng直zhí,发fā敕chì为wèi重zhòng。水shuǐ部bù员yuán外wài郎láng刘liú约yuē值zhí宿sù,会huì河hé北běi系xì囚qiú配pèi流liú岭lǐng南nán,夜yè发fā敕chì,直zhí宿sù令lìng史shǐ不bù更gēng事shì,唯wéi下xià(”下xià“字zì原yuán缺quē,据jù明míng抄chāo本běn补bǔ)岭lǐng南nán,不bù下xià河hé北běi。旬xún月yuè后hòu,本běn州zhōu闻wén奏zòu,约yuē遂suì出chū官guān。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

惯guàn例lì,度dù支zhī衙yá门mén,郎láng中zhōng主zhǔ管guǎn收shōu入rù,员yuán外wài郎láng主zhǔ管guǎn支zhī出chū,由yóu总zǒng管guǎn的de侍shì郎láng签qiān字zì画huà押yā。唐táng德dé宗zōng贞zhēn元yuán之zhī后hòu,专zhuān门mén设shè使shǐ,称chēng为wéi度dù支zhī使shǐ,由yóu郎láng官guān值zhí班bān处chǔ理lǐ具jù体tǐ事shì务wù。其qí职zhí事shì中zhōng最zuì重zhòng要yào的de是shì颁bān布bù皇huáng帝dì的de有yǒu关guān命mìng令lìng。水shuǐ部bù(为wèi工gōng部bù四sì司sī之zhī一yī,掌zhǎng有yǒu关guān水shuǐ道dào的de政zhèng令lìng)员yuán外wài郎láng刘liú约yuē值zhí班bān。恰qià赶gǎn上shàng河hé北běi向xiàng岭lǐng南nán发fā配pèi囚qiú徒tú。夜yè间jiān皇huáng帝dì颁bān布bù发fā配pèi命mìng令lìng,值zhí宿sù的de下xià级jí令lìng使shǐ是shì个gè糊hú涂tú人rén,只zhǐ给gěi岭lǐng南nán传chuán达dá了le命mìng令lìng,而ér没méi有yǒu给gěi河hé北běi传chuán达dá命mìng令lìng。经jīng过guò一yī段duàn时shí间jiān,河hé北běi官guān员yuán向xiàng皇huáng帝dì报bào告gào了le这zhè件jiàn事shì,刘liú约yuē被bèi免miǎn去qù职zhí务wù。

柳liǔ辟pì

吏lì部bù甲jiǎ库kù有yǒu朱zhū泚cǐ伪wěi黄huáng案àn数shù百bǎi道dào,省shěng中zhōng常cháng取qǔ戏xì玩wán,已yǐ而ér藏cáng之zhī。柳liǔ辟pì知zhī甲jiǎ库kù,始shǐ白bái执zhí政zhèng,于yú都dōu堂táng集jí八bā座zuò丞chéng郎láng焚fén之zhī。(出chū《国guó史shǐ补bǔ》)

【译yì文wén】

吏lì部bù储chǔ藏cáng甲jiǎ胄zhòu的de仓cāng库kù里lǐ面miàn有yǒu朱zhū泚cǐ(原yuán任rèn唐táng卢lú龙lóng节jié度dù使shǐ,后hòu叛pàn唐táng,称chēng帝dì为wèi大dà秦qín。)叛pàn唐táng案àn卷juàn数shù百bǎi件jiàn。尚shàng书shū省shěng中zhōng的de官guān员yuán常cháng常cháng拿ná来lái取qǔ乐lè,玩wán完wán了le就jiù收shōu藏cáng起qǐ来lái。柳liǔ辟pì知zhī道dào这zhè件jiàn事shì,对duì主zhǔ管guǎn尚shàng书shū省shěng的de官guān说shuō。命mìng令lìng在zài尚shàng书shū令lìng的de大dà厅tīng内nèi把bǎ尚shàng书shū省shěng左zuǒ右yòu仆pū射shè、左zuǒ右yòu丞chéng及jí六liù部bù侍shì郎láng都dōu召zhào集jí来lái,当dāng着zhe这zhè些xiē人rén的de面miàn,把bǎ朱zhū泚cǐ伪wěi黄huáng案àn卷juàn焚fén烧shāo了le。

省shěng桥qiáo

尚shàng书shū省shěng东dōng南nán隅yú通tōng衢qú有yǒu小xiǎo桥qiáo,相xiāng目mù为wèi拗ǎo项xiàng桥qiáo,言yán侍shì御yù史shǐ及jí殿diàn中zhōng久jiǔ次cì者zhě至zhì此cǐ,必bì拗ǎo项xiàng南nán望wàng南nán宫gōng也yě。都dōu堂táng南nán门mén道dào东dōng有yǒu古gǔ槐huái,垂chuí阴yīn至zhì广guǎng。相xiāng传chuán夜yè深shēn闻wén丝sī竹zhú之zhī音yīn,省shěng郎láng有yǒu入rù相xiāng者zhě,欲yù谓wèi之zhī音yīn声shēng。祠cí部bù呼hū为wèi水shuǐ(去qù声shēng)厅tīng,言yán其qí清qīng且qiě冷lěng也yě。(出chū《因yīn话huà录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

尚shàng书shū省shěng东dōng南nán角jiǎo四sì通tōng八bā达dá的de大dà路lù上shàng有yǒu座zuò小xiǎo桥qiáo,大dà家jiā都dōu叫jiào它tā”拗ǎo项xiàng桥qiáo“,是shì因yīn为wèi侍shì御yù史shǐ和hé殿diàn中zhōng侍shì御yù史shǐ经jīng常cháng走zǒu到dào这zhè里lǐ必bì定dìng回huí过guò头tóu来lái望wàng尚shàng书shū省shěng。尚shàng书shū省shěng尚shàng书shū令lìng大dà厅tīng的de南nán门mén道dào东dōng有yǒu棵kē古gǔ槐huái树shù。这zhè棵kē树shù遮zhē荫yīn覆fù盖gài面miàn积jī很hěn大dà,相xiāng传chuán夜yè深shēn人rén静jìng时shí听tīng到dào有yǒu奏zòu乐yuè的de声shēng音yīn。门mén下xià省shěng的de侍shì中zhōng有yǒu入rù朝cháo当dāng宰zǎi相xiàng的de,通tōng常cháng说shuō它tā是shì音yīn声shēng。祠cí部bù叫jiào作zuò水shuǐ厅tīng(祠cí部bù官guān名míng属shǔ于yú礼lǐ部bù,专zhuān掌zhǎng祠cí记jì、享xiǎng祭jì、天tiān文wén、漏lòu刻kè、庙miào讳huì、卜bǔ筮shì、医yī药yào、僧sēng尼ní之zhī事shì),是shì说shuō祠cí部bù冷lěng冷lěng清qīng清qīng的de意yì思si。

秘mì书shū省shěng

唐táng初chū,秘mì书shū省shěng唯wéi主zhǔ写xiě书shū贮zhù掌zhǎng勘kān校jiào而ér已yǐ。自zì是shì门mén可kě张zhāng罗luó,迥jiǒng无wú统tǒng摄shè官guān署shǔ。望wàng虽suī清qīng雅yǎ,而ér实shí非fēi要yào剧jù。权quán贵guì子zǐ弟dì及jí好hǎo利lì夸kuā侈chǐ者zhě率lǜ不bù好hǎo此cǐ职zhí。流liú俗sú以yǐ监jiān为wèi宰zǎi相xiàng病bìng坊fāng,少shǎo监jiān为wèi给gěi事shì中zhōng中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén病bìng坊fāng,丞chéng及jí着zhe作zuò郎láng为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng病bìng坊fāng,秘mì书shū郎láng及jí着zhe作zuò左zuǒ郎láng为wèi监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ病bìng坊fāng。言yán从cóng职zhí不bù任rèn繁fán剧jù者zhě,当dāng改gǎi入rù此cǐ省shěng。然rán其qí职zhí在zài图tú史shǐ,非fēi复fù喧xuān(明míng抄chāo本běn”喧xuān“作zuò”纤xiān“。)卑bēi,故gù好hào学xué君jūn子zǐ厌yàn于yú趋qū竞jìng者zhě,亦yì求qiú为wèi此cǐ职zhí焉yān。(出chū《两liǎng京jīng记jì》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng初chū年nián,秘mì书shū省shěng工gōng作zuò只zhǐ管guǎn主zhǔ写xiě书shū、贮zhù藏cáng图tú书shū、校jiào对duì勘kān误wù而ér已yǐ。因yīn此cǐ挺tǐng清qīng闲xián,门mén庭tíng冷lěng落luò,一yí向xiàng没méi有yǒu统tǒng领lǐng它tā的de官guān署shǔ。虽suī然rán名míng声shēng清qīng廉lián,可kě是shì不bú是shì重zhòng要yào的de部bù门mén。有yǒu权quán有yǒu钱qián的de人rén家jiā子zǐ弟dì及jí好hǎo名míng利lì,好hǎo夸kuā富fù的de人rén,大dà多duō数shù不bù愿yuàn意yì干gàn这zhè个ge差chāi使shǐ。当dāng时shí流liú行xíng的de俗sú语yǔ说shuō,监jiān(官guān署shǔ名míng,如rú中zhōng书shū监jiān、秘mì书shū监jiān的de官guān署shǔ)为wèi宰zǎi相xiàng的de病bìng房fáng,少shǎo监jiān(秘mì书shū监jiān的de副fù手shǒu的de衙yá署shǔ)为wèi给gěi事shì中zhōng、中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén的de病bìng房fáng,中zhōng丞chéng(为wèi御yù史shǐ台tái长zhǎng官guān)着zhe作zuò郎láng(主zhǔ管guǎn着zhe作zuò局jú)的de官guān署shǔ是shì尚shàng书shū郎láng(郎láng中zhōng任rèn职zhí满mǎn一yī年nián为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng)的de病bìng房fáng,秘mì书shū郎láng(属shǔ秘mì书shū省shěng的de官guān员yuán)及jí着zhe作zuò郎láng的de官guān署shǔ也yě是shì监jiān察chá御yù史shǐ的de病bìng房fáng。凡fán是shì任rèn职zhí不bù胜shèng任rèn工gōng作zuò的de,都dōu到dào这zhè个ge秘mì书shū省shěng。秘mì书shū省shěng的de主zhǔ要yào职zhí务wù是shì掌zhǎng管guǎn图tú书shū史shǐ料liào,衙yá署shǔ清qīng静jìng无wú喧xuān闹nào声shēng。因yīn此cǐ好hào学xué的de正zhèng人rén君jūn子zǐ、不bù追zhuī求qiú功gōng名míng利lì禄lù的de人rén,也yě有yǒu愿yuàn意yì任rèn这zhè个ge职zhí务wù的de。

鱼yú袋dài

朝cháo仪yí鱼yú袋dài之zhī饰shì,唯wéi金jīn银yín二èr等děng。至zhì武wǔ后hòu,乃nǎi改gǎi五wǔ品pǐn以yǐ铜tóng。中zhōng宗zōng反fǎn正zhèng,从cóng旧jiù。(出chū《国guó史shǐ异yì纂zuǎn》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng时shí朝cháo廷tíng规guī定dìng的de礼lǐ仪yí,要yào朝cháo臣chén腰yāo中zhōng悬xuán挂guà鱼yú袋dài饰shì物wù,标biāo志zhì着zhe官guān的de品pǐn位wèi的de高gāo低dī。鱼yú袋dài只zhǐ有yǒu金jīn银yín两liǎng个gè等děng级jí。到dào武wǔ则zé天tiān称chēng帝dì时shí,改gǎi五wǔ品pǐn官guān为wèi铜tóng鱼yú袋dài。唐táng中zhōng宗zōng即jí位wèi,乃nǎi恢huī复fù旧jiù例lì。

莎shā厅tīng

京jīng兆zhào府fǔ判pàn司sī,特tè云yún西xī法fǎ士shì。此cǐ两liǎng厅tīng事shì多duō。东dōng士shì曹cáo厅tīng,时shí号hào为wèi念niàn珠zhū厅tīng,盖gài判pàn案àn一yì百bǎi八bā道dào;西xī士shì曹cáo厅tīng为wèi莎shā厅tīng,厅tīng前qián有yǒu莎shā,周zhōu回huí可kě十shí五wǔ步bù。京jīng兆zhào府fǔ,时shí云yún不bù立lì两liǎng县xiàn令lìng,不bù坐zuò两liǎng少shǎo尹yǐn。两liǎng县xiàn引yǐn马mǎ到dào府fǔ门mén,传chuán门mén而ér报bào。两liǎng尹yǐn入rù厅tīng,大dà尹yǐn亦yì到dào厅tīng,不bù得dé候hòu两liǎng尹yǐn坐zuò后hòu出chū,不bù得dé候hòu两liǎng尹yǐn立lì后hòu出chū。其qí京jīng兆zhào府fǔ县xiàn之zhī重zhòng,亦yì表biǎo大dà尹yǐn之zhī尊zūn。京jīng兆zhào府fǔ掾yuàn曹cáo,时shí人rén云yún倚yǐ团tuán省shěng郎láng。河hé中zhōng府fǔ司sī录lù厅tīng亦yì有yǒu绿lǜ莎shā。昔xī好hào事shì者zhě相xiāng承chéng常cháng溉gài灌guàn。天tiān佑yòu已yǐ后hòu,为wèi不bù好hǎo事shì者zhě除chú之zhī。(出chū《闻wén奇qí录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

京jīng兆zhào即jí首shǒu都dū,其qí时shí(长cháng安ān为wèi京jīng兆zhào)府fǔ尹yǐn下xià属shǔ佐zuǒ官guān叫jiào判pàn司sī,特tè称chēng为wéi西xī法fǎ士shì。判pàn司sī有yǒu两liǎng个gè衙yá署shǔ:东dōng士shì曹cáo厅tīng和hé西xī士shì曹cáo厅tīng。东dōng士shì曹cáo厅tīng,当dāng时shí叫jiào作zuò念niàn珠zhū厅tīng,因yīn判pàn案àn一yì百bǎi零líng八bā道dào(念niàn珠zhū数shù壹yī百bǎi零líng八bā颗kē,与yǔ判pàn案àn数shù合hé,所suǒ以yǐ叫jiào念niàn珠zhū厅tīng)。西xī士shì曹cáo厅tīng为wèi莎shā厅tīng,因yīn为wèi厅tīng前qián有yǒu棵kē莎shā树shù,周zhōu围wéi有yǒu十shí五wǔ步bù,所suǒ以yǐ叫jiào莎shā厅tīng。京jīng兆zhào府fǔ立lì下xià这zhè样yàng规guī矩jǔ:不bù能néng同tóng时shí来lái两liǎng县xiàn令lìng,不bù能néng同tóng时shí接jiē待dài两liǎng府fǔ尹yǐn。两liǎng县xiàn令lìng骑qí马mǎ到dào京jīng兆zhào府fǔ门mén前qián,须xū要yào一yí个gè先xiān报bào,接jiē待dài完wán了le,再zài接jiē待dài另lìng一yí个gè。两liǎng外wài府fǔ府fǔ尹yǐn入rù厅tīng,不bù得dé两liǎng尹yǐn同tóng时shí坐zuò、同tóng时shí出chū,须xū一yī人rén坐zuò,一yī人rén立lì。从cóng这zhè个ge规guī矩jǔ中zhōng可kě以yǐ看kàn出chū京jīng兆zhào府fǔ县xiàn的de重zhòng要yào和hé京jīng兆zhào府fǔ尹yǐn的de尊zūn严yán。京jīng兆zhào府fǔ掾yuàn曹cáo(辅fǔ佐zuǒ京jīng兆zhào府fǔ尹yǐn的de官guān吏lì),当dāng时shí人rén们men都dōu叫jiào依yī团tuán省shěng郎láng。河hé中zhōng府fǔ司sī录lù厅tīng也yě有yǒu棵kē绿lǜ莎shā,过guò去qù有yǒu人rén经jīng常cháng浇jiāo灌guàn它tā。唐táng哀āi帝dì李lǐ柷chù天tiān佑yòu以yǐ后hòu,被bèi不bù爱ài莎shā树shù的de人rén除chú掉diào了le。

❖
🔊 本页支持朗读:点屏幕底部控制条即可听书(Chrome / Edge / Safari 支持)。 若未出现控制条,说明当前浏览器不支持语音朗读。
相关推荐