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卷juǎn第dì一yì百bǎi八bā十shí九jiǔ 将jiàng帅shuài一yī

关guān羽yǔ 简jiǎn文wén 李lǐ密mì 刘liú文wén静jìng 李lǐ金jīn才cái 李lǐ靖jìng 郭guō齐qí宗zōng 唐táng休xiū璟jǐng 李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng 封fēng常cháng清qīng 李lǐ光guāng弼bì

关guān羽yǔ

蜀shǔ将jiāng关guān羽yǔ善shàn抚fǔ士shì卒zú而ér轻qīng士shì大dà夫fū;张zhāng飞fēi敬jìng礼lǐ士shì大dà夫fū而ér轻qīng卒zú伍wǔ。二èr将jiāng俱jù不bù得dé其qí中zhōng,亦yì不bù得dé其qí死sǐ。(出chū《独dú异yì志zhì》)

【译yì文wén】

西xī蜀shǔ大dà将jiàng关guān羽yǔ善shàn抚fǔ慰wèi士shì卒zú而ér轻qīng视shì士shì大dà夫fū,张zhāng飞fēi则zé尊zūn重zhòng士shì大dà夫fū而ér轻qīng视shì士shì兵bīng,他tā俩liǎ的de作zuò法fǎ都dōu有yǒu些xiē偏piān颇pǒ。他tā俩liǎ的de死sǐ,就jiù是shì因yīn为wèi他tā俩liǎ的de偏piān颇pǒ作zuò法fǎ而ér促cù成chéng的de。

简jiǎn文wén

晋jìn简jiǎn文wén道dào光guāng武wǔ云yún:”汉hàn世shì祖zǔ雄xióng豪háo之zhī中zhōng,最zuì有yǒu俊jùn令lìng之zhī体tǐ,贤xián达dá之zhī风fēng。高gāo祖zǔ则zé倜tì傥tǎng疏shū达dá,魏wèi武wǔ则zé猜cāi忌jì狭xiá吝lìn。“(出chū《简jiǎn文wén谈tán疏shū》)

【译yì文wén】

东dōng晋jìn简jiǎn文wén帝dì司sī马mǎ昱yù评píng论lùn汉hàn光guāng武wǔ刘liú秀xiù说shuō,汉hàn朝cháo历lì代dài皇huáng帝dì之zhī中zhōng,他tā才cái智zhì出chū众zhòng。具jù有yǒu贤xián能néng通tōng达dá之zhī风fēng。汉hàn高gāo祖zǔ刘liú邦bāng也yě卓zhuó越yuè不bù俗sú,通tōng明míng畅chàng达dá。魏wèi武wǔ帝dì曹cáo操cāo则zé多duō疑yí嫉jí妒dù,心xīn胸xiōng狭xiá窄zhǎi而ér且qiě吝lìn啬sè。

李lǐ密mì

唐táng高gāo祖zǔ报bào李lǐ密mì书shū曰yuē:”天tiān生shēng蒸zhēng人rén,必bì有yǒu司sī牧mù。当dāng今jīn为wèi牧mù,非fēi子zi而ér谁shuí?老lǎo夫fū年nián余yú知zhī命mìng,愿yuàn不bù及jí此cǐ。欣xīn戴dài大dà弟dì,攀pān鳞lín附fù翼yì。唯wéi冀jì早zǎo膺yīng图tú箓lù,以yǐ宁níng兆zhào庶shù。宗zōng盟méng之zhī长zhǎng,属shǔ籍jí见jiàn容róng。复fù封fēng于yú唐táng,斯sī荣róng足zú矣yǐ。殪yì商shāng辛xīn於yú牧mù野yě,所suǒ不bù忍rěn言yán;执zhí子zi婴yīng于yú咸xián阳yáng,非fēi敢gǎn闻wén命mìng。“密mì得dé书shū甚shèn悦yuè,示shì其qí部bù下xià曰yuē:”唐táng公gōng见jiàn推tuī,天tiān下xià不bù足zú可kě定dìng。“后hòu密mì兵bīng败bài,王wáng伯bó当dāng保bǎo河hé阳yáng,密mì以yǐ轻qīng骑qí归guī之zhī,谓wèi伯bó当dāng曰yuē:”兵bīng败bài矣yǐ,久jiǔ苦kǔ诸zhū君jūn。我wǒ今jīn自zì刎wěn,请qǐng以yǐ谢xiè众zhòng。“伯bó当dāng抱bào密mì号háo叫jiào。密mì复fù曰yuē:”诸zhū公gōng幸xìng不bù相xiāng弃qì,当dāng共gòng归guī关guān中zhōng。密mì身shēn虽suī愧kuì无wú功gōng,诸zhū君jūn必bì保bǎo富fù贵guì。“伯bó当dāng赞zàn其qí计jì。从cóng入rù关guān者zhě尚shàng二èr万wàn人rén。高gāo祖zǔ遣qiǎn使shǐ迎yíng劳láo,相xiāng望wàng于yú道dào。密mì大dà喜xǐ,谓wèi其qí徒tú曰yuē:”吾wú虽suī举jǔ事shì不bù成chéng,而ér恩ēn结jié百bǎi姓xìng。山shān东dōng连lián城chéng数shù百bǎi,知zhī吾wú至zhì,尽jǐn当dāng归guī唐táng。比bǐ于yú窦dòu融róng,勋xūn亦yì不bù细xì。岂qǐ不bù以yǐ一yī台tái司sī见jiàn处chù乎hū?“及jí至zhì京jīng,礼lǐ数shù益yì薄báo,执zhí政zhèng者zhě又yòu来lái求qiú财cái,意yì甚shèn不bù平píng。寻xún拜bài光guāng禄lù卿qīng,封fēng邢xíng国guó公gōng。未wèi几jǐ,闻wén其qí所suǒ部bù将jiàng帅shuài,皆jiē不bù附fù世shì充chōng。高gāo祖zǔ复fù使shǐ密mì领lǐng本běn兵bīng往wǎng黎lí阳yáng,招zhāo其qí将jiàng士shì敌dí时shí者zhě。以yǐ经jīng略lüè王wáng充chōng,王wáng伯bó当dāng为wèi左zuǒ武wǔ卫wèi,亦yì令lìng副fù密mì。行xíng至zhì桃táo林lín,高gāo祖zǔ复fù征zhēng之zhī。密mì惧jù,谋móu叛pàn。伯bó当dāng止zhǐ密mì,不bù从cóng。密mì据jù桃táo林lín县xiàn城chéng,驱qū掠lüè畜xù产chǎn,直zhí趋qū南nán山shān,乘chéng险xiǎn而ér东dōng。遣qiǎn人rén使shǐ告gào张zhāng善shàn相xiāng,令lìng应yìng接jiē,时shí史shǐ万wàn宝bǎo留liú镇zhèn熊xióng州zhōu,遣qiǎn盛shèng彦yàn师shī率lǜ步bù骑qí数shù十shí追zhuī蹑niè。至zhì陆lù浑hún县xiàn南nán七qī十shí里lǐ,彦yàn师shī伏fú兵bīng山shān谷gǔ。密mì军jūn半bàn度dù,横héng出chū击jī之zhī,遂suì斩zhǎn密mì。年nián三sān十shí七qī。时shí徐xú积jī在zài黎lí阳yáng,为wèi密mì坚jiān守shǒu。高gāo祖zǔ遣qiǎn使shǐ将jiāng密mì首shǒu以yǐ招zhāo之zhī,积jī发fā丧sāng行xíng服fú,备bèi君jūn臣chén之zhī礼lǐ,表biǎo请qǐng收shōu葬zàng,大dà具jù威wēi仪yí。三sān军jūn皆jiē缟gǎo素sù,葬zàng于yú黎lí阳yáng山shān南nán五wǔ里lǐ。故gù人rén哭kū之zhī,多duō有yǒu呕ǒu血xuè者zhě。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

李lǐ渊yuān复fù李lǐ密mì书shū中zhōng说shuō:”天tiān生shēng众zhòng民mín,必bì须xū有yǒu人rén治zhì理lǐ他tā们men,这zhè治zhì理lǐ人rén,不bú是shì你nǐ是shì谁shuí!我wǒ已yǐ年nián过guò五wǔ十shí,想xiǎng也yě做zuò不bú到dào了le。我wǒ高gāo兴xìng地dì依yī附fù你nǐ,唯wéi一yī希xī望wàng你nǐ早zǎo日rì接jiē受shòu上shàng天tiān的de安ān排pái,以yǐ使shǐ万wàn民mín安ān宁níng。当dāng年nián由yóu于yú弟dì兄xiōng们men的de拥yōng戴dài,我wǒ作zuò了le宗zōng盟méng之zhī长zhǎng。你nǐ受shòu封fēng于yú唐táng,也yě是shì很hěn荣róng耀yào的de。推tuī翻fān隋suí朝cháo,象xiàng过guò去qù周zhōu与yǔ殷yīn战zhàn于yú牧mù野yě,一yī仗zhàng便biàn决jué定dìng了le殷yīn纣zhòu王wáng的de命mìng运yùn,现xiàn在zài还hái不bù能néng肯kěn定dìng;象xiàng抓zhuā秦qín朝cháo的de孺rú子zi婴yīng在zài咸xián阳yáng那nà样yàng,现xiàn在zài还hái不bù能néng想xiǎng。“李lǐ密mì得dé书shū很hěn高gāo兴xìng。把bǎ李lǐ渊yuān给gěi他tā的de信xìn让ràng大dà家jiā看kàn说shuō,唐táng公gōng推tuī举jǔ我wǒ。天tiān下xià不bù愁chóu不bù安ān定dìng。后hòu来lái李lǐ密mì兵bīng败bài,当dāng时shí王wáng伯bó当dāng正zhèng保bǎo卫wèi河hé阳yáng。李lǐ密mì领lǐng几jǐ个gè随suí从cóng归guī了le王wáng伯bó当dāng。他tā对duì王wáng说shuō,我wǒ失shī败bài了le,这zhè几jǐ年nián连lián累lěi了le你nǐ们men,我wǒ今jīn天tiān自zì刎wěn,感gǎn谢xiè你nǐ们men,向xiàng众zhòng位wèi谢xiè罪zuì!王wáng伯bó当dāng抱bào着zhe李lǐ密mì痛tòng苦kǔ号háo叫jiào。李lǐ密mì又yòu说shuō,感gǎn谢xiè你nǐ们men没méi有yǒu嫌xián弃qì我wǒ,我wǒ们men还hái应yīng该gāi同tóng归guī关guān中zhōng,重chóng建jiàn大dà业yè。李lǐ密mì虽suī然rán无wú功gōng,感gǎn觉jué很hěn惭cán愧kuì,但dàn众zhòng人rén保bǎo他tā富fù贵guì。王wáng伯bó当dāng很hěn赞zàn许xǔ他tā的de计jì谋móu。重zhòng入rù关guān中zhōng的de人rén马mǎ还hái有yǒu两liǎng万wàn多duō。李lǐ渊yuān派pài使shǐ者zhě前qián去qù迎yíng接jiē慰wèi劳láo,在zài大dà道dào上shàng相xiàng见jiàn,李lǐ密mì很hěn高gāo兴xìng,对duì手shǒu下xià人rén说shuō,我wǒ虽suī然rán举jǔ事shì不bù成chéng,兵bīng败bài了le,但dàn百bǎi姓xìng还hái是shì拥yōng护hù我wǒ的de。山shān东dōng几jǐ百bǎi个gè城chéng镇zhèn,知zhī道dào我wǒ来lái了le,也yě都dōu能néng归guī顺shùn唐táng朝cháo。我wǒ与yǔ东dōng汉hàn的de窦dòu融róng相xiāng比bǐ,功gōng劳láo也yě不bù小xiǎo,岂qǐ能néng给gěi我wǒ一yí个gè台tái司sī小xiǎo官guān当dāng呢ne。等děng李lǐ密mì到dào京jīng后hòu,待dài遇yù逐zhú渐jiàn差chà了le,有yǒu权quán势shì的de官guān,又yòu向xiàng他tā勒lè索suǒ财cái物wù,他tā很hěn不bù服fú气qì。不bù久jiǔ,授shòu他tā为wèi光guāng禄lù卿qīng,封fēng为wèi邢xíng国guó公gōng。不bù久jiǔ,听tīng说shuō他tā的de旧jiù部bù将jiàng帅shuài,都dōu不bù听tīng王wáng世shì充chōng的de指zhǐ挥huī。李lǐ渊yuān又yòu派pài李lǐ密mì领lǐng兵bīng去qù黎lí阳yáng,招zhāo蓦mò他tā旧jiù部bù的de将jiàng士shì,来lái限xiàn制zhì管guǎn辖xiá王wáng世shì充chōng。王wáng伯bó当dāng任rèn左zuǒ武wǔ卫wèi,辅fǔ佐zuǒ李lǐ密mì。走zǒu到dào了le桃táo林lín,李lǐ渊yuān又yòu令lìng李lǐ密mì回huí去qù。李lǐ密mì心xīn怀huái恐kǒng惧jù,想xiǎng谋móu叛pàn,王wáng伯bó当dāng劝quàn止zhǐ,李lǐ密mì拒jù绝jué了le。李lǐ密mì占zhàn据jù了le桃táo林lín县xiàn城chéng,抢qiǎng掠lüè牲shēng畜chù粮liáng食shí,驱qū赶gǎn马mǎ匹pǐ,直zhí奔bēn南nán山shān,而ér后hòu又yòu东dōng去qù,派pài人rén告gào诉sù张zhāng善shàn相xiāng让ràng他tā接jiē应yīng。当dāng时shí,史shǐ万wàn宝bǎo镇zhèn守shǒu熊xióng州zhōu,派pài盛shèng彦yàn师shī率lǜ数shù十shí名míng步bù骑qí追zhuī赶gǎn。在zài陆lù浑hún县xiàn南nán七qī十shí里lǐ,彦yàn师shī在zài山shān谷gǔ中zhōng设shè有yǒu伏fú兵bīng,李lǐ密mì的de军jūn队duì走zǒu过guò一yí半bàn,彦yàn师shī拦lán腰yāo出chū击jī,斩zhǎn杀shā了le李lǐ密mì,李lǐ密mì时shí年nián三sān十shí七qī岁suì。当dāng时shí,徐xú积jī为wèi李lǐ密mì坚jiān守shǒu黎lí阳yáng。李lǐ渊yuān派pài使shǐ者zhě持chí李lǐ密mì首shǒu级jí。去qù招zhāo降xiáng徐xú积jī。徐xú积jī为wèi李lǐ密mì发fà丧sàng,用yòng君jūn臣chén大dà礼lǐ,上shàng表biǎo请qǐng求qiú李lǐ渊yuān答dā应yìng收shōu葬zàng李lǐ密mì,丧sàng仪yí规guī模mó很hěn大dà,军jūn士shì都dōu穿chuān白bái衣yī戴dài孝xiào,将jiāng李lǐ密mì葬zàng在zài黎lí阳yáng山shān南nán五wǔ里lǐ处chù。李lǐ密mì的de旧jiù部bù都dōu大dà哭kū,有yǒu很hěn多duō人rén哭kū得dé呕ǒu了le血xuè。

刘liú文wén静jìng

刘liú文wén静jìng者zhě为wèi晋jìn阳yáng令lìng,坐zuò与yǔ李lǐ密mì连lián姻yīn,隋suí炀yáng帝dì系xì于yú郡jùn狱yù。太tài宗zōng以yǐ文wén静jìng可kě与yǔ谋móu议yì,入rù禁jìn所suǒ视shì之zhī。文wén静jìng大dà喜xǐ曰yuē:”天tiān下xià大dà乱luàn,非fēi汤tāng、武wǔ、高gāo、光guāng之zhī才cái,不bù能néng定dìng也yě。“太tài宗zōng曰yuē:”卿qīng安ān知zhī无wú人rén?禁jìn所suǒ非fēi儿ér女nǚ之zhī情qíng相xiāng忧yōu而ér已yǐ。故gù来lái与yǔ君jūn图tú举jǔ大dà计jì。“文wén静jìng曰yuē:”乘chéng虚xū入rù关guān,号hào令lìng天tiān下xià,不bù盈yíng半bàn岁suì,帝dì业yè可kě成chéng。“太tài宗zōng笑xiào曰yuē:”尹yǐn言yán正zhèng合hé人rén意yì。“后hòu使shǐ于yú突tū厥jué,文wén静jìng谓wèi曰yuē:”愿yuàn与yǔ可kè汗hán兵bīng马mǎ同tóng入rù京jīng师shī,人rén众zhòng土tǔ地dì入rù唐táng公gōng,财cái帛bó金jīn宝bǎo入rù突tū厥jué。“即jí遣qiǎn骑qí二èr千qiān,随suí文wén静jìng而ér至zhì。高gāo祖zǔ每měi引yǐn重zhòng臣chén同tóng座zuò共gòng食shí。文wén静jìng奏zòu曰yuē:”宸chén极jí位wèi尊zūn,帝dì座zuò严yán重zhòng,乃nǎi使shǐ太tài阳yáng俯fǔ同tóng万wàn物wù,臣chén下xià震zhèn恐kǒng,无wú以yǐ措cuò身shēn。“(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

晋jìn阳yáng县xiàn令lìng刘liú文wén静jìng因yīn与yǔ李lǐ密mì连lián姻yīn获huò罪zuì,被bèi隋suí炀yáng帝dì囚qiú禁jìn在zài郡jùn狱yù中zhōng。李lǐ世shì民mín认rèn为wéi可kě以yǐ和hé刘liú文wén静jìng计jì议yì大dà事shì,便biàn到dào狱yù中zhōng看kàn他tā。刘liú文wén静jìng非fēi常cháng高gāo兴xìng地dì说shuō:”现xiàn在zài天tiān下xià大dà乱luàn,没méi有yǒu成chéng汤tāng(商shāng)、武wǔ王wáng(周zhōu)、高gāo祖zǔ刘liú邦bāng(汉hàn)、光guāng武wǔ帝dì刘liú秀xiù(东dōng汉hàn)那nà样yàng的de人rén才cái,是shì不bù能néng安ān定dìng的de。李lǐ世shì民mín说shuō:“你nǐ怎zěn么me知zhī道dào无wú人rén?监jiān狱yù不bú是shì谈tán儿ér女nǚ情qíng长cháng的de地dì方fāng。我wǒ是shì来lái和hé你nǐ商shāng议yì大dà事shì的de。”刘liú文wén静jìng说shuō:“乘chéng虚xū入rù关guān,号hào令lìng天tiān下xià,不bù用yòng半bàn年nián,帝dì业yè可kě成chéng。”李lǐ世shì民mín笑xiào着zhe说shuō:“你nǐ说shuō的de正zhèng合hé乎hū大dà家jiā的de意yì见jiàn。”后hòu来lái,让ràng刘liú文wén静jìng出chū使shǐ突tū厥jué,对duì突tū厥jué人rén说shuō,我wǒ愿yuàn和hé可kè汗hán的de兵bīng马mǎ一yī同tóng去qù京jīng城chéng,土tǔ地dì百bǎi姓xìng归guī入rù唐táng朝cháo,金jīn银yín财cái宝bǎo突tū厥jué可kě以yǐ随suí便biàn去qù拿ná。突tū厥jué立lì刻kè派pài二èr千qiān骑qí兵bīng随suí刘liú文wén静jìng进jìn京jīng。高gāo祖zǔ李lǐ渊yuān每měi次cì和hé大dà臣chén们men同tóng座zuò共gòng饮yǐn时shí,刘liú文wén静jìng便biàn上shàng奏zòu说shuō,皇huáng帝dì的de尊zūn位wèi,是shì至zhì高gāo无wú上shàng的de,您nín就jiù象xiàng太tài阳yáng一yī样yàng,哪nǎ能néng屈qū尊zūn混hùn同tóng于yú一yì般bān事shì物wù?臣chén下xià感gǎn到dào震zhèn恐kǒng,都dōu无wú法fǎ措cuò手shǒu足zú了le。

李lǐ金jīn才cái

太tài宗zōng尝cháng进jìn白bái高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“代dài传chuán李lǐ氏shì姓xìng膺yīng图tú箓lù,李lǐ金jīn才cái位wèi望wàng崇chóng贵guì,一yī朝zhāo族zú灭miè,大dà人rén受shòu命mìng讨tǎo捕bǔ,其qí可kě得dé乎hū?诚chéng能néng平píng贼zéi,即jí又yòu功gōng当dāng不bù赏shǎng。以yǐ此cǐ求qiú免miǎn,其qí可kě得dé乎hū?”高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“我wǒ一yī夜yè思sī量liáng,汝rǔ言yán大dà有yǒu理lǐ。今jīn日rì破pò家jiā灭miè身shēn亦yì由yóu汝rǔ,化huà家jiā为wèi国guó亦yì由yóu汝rǔ。”(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

李lǐ唐táng掌zhǎng权quán之zhī前qián,李lǐ世shì民mín曾céng对duì李lǐ渊yuān说shuō:“相xiāng传chuán李lǐ氏shì上shàng应yīng天tiān命mìng。当dāng年nián李lǐ金jīn才cái地dì位wèi显xiǎn赫hè,声shēng望wàng很hěn高gāo,却què受shòu到dào灭miè族zú之zhī祸huò。大dà人rén你nǐ现xiàn在zài奉fèng命mìng征zhēng讨tǎo追zhuī捕bǔ,能néng得dé到dào什shén么me呢ne?就jiù是shì你nǐ能néng平píng定dìng了le叛pàn贼zéi,有yǒu功gōng也yě不bù一yí定dìng赏shǎng你nǐ。用yòng此cǐ来lái免miǎn除chú灾zāi祸huò,能néng得dé到dào么me?”李lǐ渊yuān说shuō:“我wǒ思sī量liáng了le一yí个gè晚wǎn上shàng,你nǐ说shuō的de很hěn有yǒu道dào理lǐ,从cóng今jīn天tiān起qǐ,家jiā破pò人rén亡wáng由yóu你nǐ,国guó家jiā兴xīng旺wàng也yě靠kào你nǐ。

李lǐ靖jìng

贞zhēn观guàn十shí四sì年nián,侯hóu君jūn集jí、薛xuē万wàn钧jūn等děng破pò高gāo昌chāng,降jiàng其qí王wáng曲qū智zhì盛shèng,执zhí之zhī,献xiàn捷jié于yú观guān德dé殿diàn。以yǐ其qí地dì为wèi西xī州zhōu,置zhì交jiāo河hé、柳liǔ中zhōng等děng县xiàn。其qí界jiè东dōng西xī八bā百bǎi里lǐ,南nán北běi五wǔ百bǎi里lǐ。汉hàn戊wù巳sì校xiào尉wèi之zhī地dì。初chū突tū厥jué屯tún兵bīng浮fú图tú城chéng,与yǔ高gāo昌chāng为wèi影yǐng响xiǎng。至zhì是shì惧jù而ér来lái降jiàng,其qí地dì为wèi延yán(明míng抄chāo本běn”延yán“作zuò”庭tíng“)州zhōu。突tū厥jué颉jié利lì可kè汗hán使shǐ执zhí失shī思sī力lì入rù朝cháo谢xiè罪zuì,请qǐng为wèi蕃fān臣chén。太tài宗zōng遣qiǎn唐táng俭jiǎn等děng持chí节jié出chū塞sài安ān抚fǔ之zhī。李lǐ靖jìng、张zhāng公gōng谨jǐn于yú定dìng襄xiāng谋móu曰yuē:诏zhào使shǐ到dào彼bǐ,虏lǔ必bì自zì宽kuān。选xuǎn精jīng骑qí,赍jī二èr十shí日rì粮liáng,乘chéng间jiān掩yǎn袭xí,遇yù其qí斥chì候hòu,皆jiē以yǐ俘fú随suí,奄yǎn到dào纵zòng击jī。遂suì灭miè其qí国guó。获huò义yì城chéng公gōng主zhǔ,虏lǔ男nán女nǚ十shí万wàn,颉jié利lì乘chéng千qiān里lǐ马mǎ奔bēn于yú西xī偏piān。灵líng州zhōu行xíng军jūn张zhāng宝bǎo相xiāng,擒qín之zhī以yǐ献xiàn。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng太tài宗zōng贞zhēn观guàn十shí四sì年nián,侯hóu君jūn集jí、薛xuē万wàn钧jūn等děng破pò高gāo昌chāng,虏lǔ高gāo昌chāng王wáng曲qū智zhì盛shèng,绑bǎng送sòng至zhì京jīng,在zài观guān德dé殿diàn献xiàn俘fú。改gǎi高gāo昌chāng为wèi西xī州zhōu,设shè交jiāo河hé、柳liǔ中zhōng等děng县xiàn。其qí面miàn积jī为wèi东dōng西xī八bā百bǎi里lǐ,南nán北běi五wǔ百bǎi里lǐ。汉hàn时shí此cǐ地dì即jí为wèi戊wù巳sì校xiào尉wèi之zhī地dì。最zuì初chū,突tū厥jué在zài浮fú图tú城chéng屯tún兵bīng,与yǔ高gāo昌chāng城chéng相xiāng呼hū应yìng,后hòu来lái,由yóu于yú惧jù怕pà才cái投tóu降xiáng了le。其qí地dì为wèi延yán州zhōu,突tū厥jué人rén颉jié利lì可kè汗hán派pài执zhí失shī思sī力lì入rù朝cháo谢xiè罪zuì,请qǐng求qiú做zuò唐táng朝cháo的de蕃fān臣chén。唐táng太tài宗zōng派pài遣qiǎn唐táng俭jiǎn等děng人rén持chí使shǐ者zhě印yìn信xìn出chū塞sài安ān抚fǔ。李lǐ靖jìng、张zhāng公gōng谨jǐn在zài定dìng襄xiāng核hé计jì,说shuō,朝cháo庭tíng的de使shǐ者zhě到dào了le那nà里lǐ,突tū厥jué的de戒jiè备bèi必bì然rán松sōng驰chí,我wǒ们men选xuǎn精jīng良liáng的de骑qí兵bīng,带dài二èr十shí天tiān的de给jǐ养yǎng,乘chéng机jī出chū击jī。在zài路lù上shàng遇yù到dào一yí个gè侦zhēn察chá兵bīng,被bèi俘fú虏lǔ了le。接jiē近jìn延yán州zhōu突tū然rán发fā起qǐ进jìn攻gōng。灭miè了le突tū厥jué国guó,抓zhuā获huò了le义yì城chéng公gōng主zhǔ。虏lǔ男nán女nǚ十shí万wàn人rén。可kě汉hàn颉jié利lì乘chéng日rì行xíng千qiān里lǐ的de好hǎo马mǎ跑pǎo到dào西xī偏piān,被bèi灵líng州zhōu行xíng军jūn张zhāng宝bǎo相xiāng抓zhuā获huò后hòu,献xiàn给gěi了le朝cháo庭tíng。

郭guō齐qí宗zōng 高gāo宗zōng问wèn:”兵bīng书shū所suǒ云yún,天tiān阵zhèn、地dì阵zhèn、人rén阵zhèn,各gè何hé谓wèi也yě?“员yuán半bàn千qiān越yuè次cì对duì曰yuē:”臣chén睹dǔ载zài籍jí,此cǐ事shì多duō矣yǐ。或huò谓wèi天tiān阵zhèn、星xīng宿xiù孤gū虚xū也yě;地dì阵zhèn、山shān川chuān向xiàng背bèi也yě;人rén阵zhèn、编biān伍wǔ弥mí缝féng也yě。“郭guō齐qí宗zōng对duì曰yuē:”以yǐ臣chén愚yú见jiàn则zé不bù然rán。夫fū师shī出chū以yǐ义yì,有yǒu若ruò时shí雨yǔ,得dé天tiān阵zhèn也yě;兵bīng在zài足zú食shí足zú兵bīng,且qiě耕gēng且qiě战zhàn,得dé地dì之zhī利lì,此cǐ地dì阵zhèn也yě;卒zú乘chéng轻qīng利lì,将jiàng帅shuài和hé睦mù,此cǐ人rén阵zhèn也yě。若ruò用yòng兵bīng,使shǐ三sān者zhě去qù一yī,其qí何hé以yǐ战zhàn?“高gāo宗zōng嗟jiē赏shǎng之zhī,擢zhuó拜bài左zuǒ卫wèi胄zhòu曹cáo也yě。(出chū《卢lú氏shì杂zá说shuō》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng高gāo宗zōng问wèn群qún臣chén:”兵bīng书shū上shàng说shuō的de天tiān阵zhèn、地dì阵zhèn、人rén阵zhèn是shì指zhǐ什shén么me说shuō的de?“员yuán半bàn千qiān超chāo越yuè顺shùn序xù回huí答dá说shuō:”臣chén看kàn典diǎn籍jí上shàng所suǒ载zài,这zhè方fāng面miàn事shì很hěn多duō。有yǒu的de说shuō天tiān阵zhèn,指zhǐ星xīng宿xiù是shì否fǒu合hé宜yí;地dì阵zhèn,指zhǐ山shān川chuān向xiàng背bèi;人rén阵zhèn,指zhǐ军jūn伍wǔ布bù置zhì是shì否fǒu严yán密mì。“郭guō齐qí宗zōng回huí答dá说shuō:”以yǐ臣chén的de愚yú见jiàn,不bú是shì这zhè样yàng。出chū师shī要yào正zhèng义yì,象xiàng天tiān上shàng降jiàng下xià的de及jí时shí雨yǔ,才cái能néng得dé天tiān阵zhèn;队duì伍wǔ中zhōng要yào有yǒu足zú够gòu的de粮liáng食shí和hé士shì兵bīng,能néng耕gēng能néng战zhàn,得dé地dì之zhī利lì,这zhè是shì地dì阵zhèn;士shì卒zú轻qīng利lì,将jiāng师shī和hé睦mù,这zhè就jiù是shì人rén阵zhèn。若ruò是shì用yòng兵bīng,三sān者zhě缺quē一yī,就jiù没méi法fǎ作zuò战zhàn。“高gāo宗zōng听tīng后hòu很hěn有yǒu感gǎn触chù,奖jiǎng赏shǎng了le郭guō齐qí宗zōng,提tí升shēng郭guō齐qí宗zōng为wèi左zuǒ卫wèi胄zhòu曹cáo。

唐táng休xiū璟jǐng

西xī突tū厥jué诸zhū蕃fān不bù和hé,举jǔ兵bīng相xiāng攻gōng。安ān西xī道dào绝jué,表biǎo奏zòu相xiāng继jì。天tiān后hòu命mìng唐táng休xiū璟jǐng与yǔ宰zǎi相xiàng商shāng度dù事shì势shì。俄é顷qǐng间jiān草cǎo奏zòu,使shǐ施shī行xíng。后hòu十shí余yú日rì,安ān西xī诸zhū州zhōu表biǎo奏zòu兵bīng马mǎ应yìng接jiē程chéng期qī,一yī如rú休xiū璟jǐng所suǒ画huà。天tiān后hòu谓wèi休xiū璟jǐng曰yuē:”恨hèn用yòng卿qīng晚wǎn。“因yīn任rèn之zhī为wèi相xiāng。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

西xī突tū厥jué少shǎo数shù民mín族zú各gè个gè部bù落luò不bù和hé,经jīng常cháng用yòng兵bīng互hù相xiāng攻gōng击jī,使shǐ安ān西xī的de交jiāo通tōng中zhōng断duàn,奏zòu章zhāng上shàng表biǎo的de很hěn多duō。武wǔ则zé天tiān命mìng令lìng唐táng休xiū璟jǐng和hé宰zǎi相xiàng计jì议yì此cǐ事shì。唐táng休xiū璟jǐng顷qǐng刻kè之zhī间jiān写xiě完wán了le有yǒu关guān西xī突tū厥jué问wèn题tí的de奏zòu章zhāng。武wǔ则zé天tiān派pài他tā按àn计jì划huà施shī行xíng。十shí几jǐ天tiān后hòu,安ān西xī各gè州zhōu上shàng奏zòu说shuō,兵bīng马mǎ应yìng接jiē按àn期qī而ér到dào。正zhèng象xiàng唐táng休xiū璟jǐng计jì划huà的de那nà样yàng。武wǔ则zé天tiān对duì休xiū璟jǐng说shuō,恨hèn我wǒ重zhòng用yòng你nǐ晚wǎn了le。因yīn此cǐ,唐táng休xiū璟jǐng被bèi任rèn为wèi宰zǎi相xiàng。

李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng

唐táng天tiān后hòu中zhōng,契qì丹dān李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng,万wàn荣róng之zhī破pò营yíng府fǔ也yě,以yǐ地dì牢láo囚qiú汉hàn俘fú数shù百bǎi人rén。闻wén麻má仁rén节jié等děng诸zhū军jūn欲yù至zhì,乃nǎi令lìng守shǒu囚qiú璟jǐng等děng绐dài之zhī曰yuē:”家jiā口kǒu饥jī寒hán,不bù能néng存cún活huó。求qiú待dài国guó家jiā兵bīng到dào,吾wú等děng即jí降jiàng。“其qí囚qiú日rì别bié与yǔ一yī顿dùn粥zhōu,引yǐn出chū安ān慰wèi曰yuē:”吾wú此cǐ无wú饮yǐn食shí养yǎng汝rǔ,又yòu不bù忍rěn杀shā汝rǔ,总zǒng放fàng归guī若ruò何hé?“众zhòng皆jiē拜bài伏fú乞qǐ命mìng。乃nǎi绐dài放fàng去qù。至zhì幽yōu州zhōu,具jù说shuō饥jī冻dòng逗dòu留liú。兵bīng士shì闻wén之zhī,争zhēng欲yù先xiān入rù。至zhì黄huáng獐zhāng峪yù,贼zéi又yòu令lìng老lǎo者zhě投tóu官guān军jūn,送sòng遗yí老lǎo牛niú瘦shòu马mǎ于yú道dào侧cè。麻má仁rén节jié等děng三sān军jūn,弃qì步bù卒zú,将jiāng马mǎ先xiān争zhēng入rù,被bèi贼zéi设shè伏fú横héng截jié。军jūn将jiāng被bèi索suǒ搨tà之zhī,生shēng擒qín节jié等děng。死sǐ者zhě填tián山shān谷gǔ,罕hǎn有yǒu一yī遗yí。(出chū《朝cháo野yě佥qiān载zài》)

【译yì文wén】

唐táng则zé天tiān皇huáng后hòu中zhōng期qī,契qì丹dān人rén李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng、万wàn荣róng是shì这zhè样yàng攻gōng破pò荣róng府fǔ的de。先xiān是shì在zài地dì牢láo里lǐ囚qiú禁jìn了le汉hàn族zú的de俘fú虏lǔ数shù百bǎi人rén,听tīng说shuō麻má仁rén节jié等děng人rén要yào来lái此cǐ地dì,李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng便biàn命mìng令lìng看kān守shǒu囚qiú犯fàn的de狱yù卒zú欺qī骗piàn囚qiú犯fàn们men说shuō:”我wǒ们men家jiā里lǐ人rén忍rěn饥jī挨ái饿è,很hěn难nán活huó命mìng,等děng到dào大dà唐táng的de兵bīng一yī到dào,我wǒ们men就jiù投tóu降xiáng。“每měi天tiān给gěi囚qiú犯fàn加jiā了le一yī顿dùn粥zhōu,又yòu放fàng出chū来lái安ān慰wèi说shuō,我wǒ们men这zhè里lǐ没méi有yǒu粮liáng食shí养yǎng活huó你nǐ们men,又yòu不bù忍rěn心xīn杀shā了le你nǐ们men,现xiàn在zài把bǎ你nǐ们men都dōu放fàng回huí去qù。众zhòng囚qiú犯fàn跪guì拜bài感gǎn谢xiè不bù杀shā之zhī恩ēn,便biàn把bǎ他tā们men假jiǎ意yì释shì放fàng了le。到dào了le幽yōu州zhōu,囚qiú犯fàn们men纷fēn纷fēn述shù说shuō忍rěn饥jī挨ái饿è的de情qíng形xíng。兵bīng士shì们men听tīng到dào后hòu,很hěn同tóng情qíng他tā们men,让ràng他tā们men进jìn去qù了le。他tā们men也yě就jiù争zhēng先xiān恐kǒng后hòu地dì蜂fēng拥yōng而ér入rù。麻má仁rén节jié率shuài军jūn至zhì黄huáng獐zhāng峪yù。李lǐ尽jìn忠zhōng又yòu命mìng令lìng老lǎo年nián人rén投tóu官guān军jūn,并bìng把bǎ老lǎo牛niú瘦shòu马mǎ放fàng在zài道dào旁páng。麻má仁rén节jié等děng率shuài军jūn来lái到dào这zhè里lǐ,不bù步bù行xíng都dōu争zhēng骑qí道dào旁páng老lǎo马mǎ,被bèi贼zéi预yù设shè的de埋mái伏fú截jié击jī,军jūn将jiāng被bèi绳shéng索suǒ套tào住zhù,活huó捉zhuō了le麻má仁rén节jié等děng人rén。死sǐ者zhě都dōu填tián进jìn山shān谷gǔ中zhōng,很hěn少shǎo有yǒu一yí个gè遗yí漏lòu的de。

封fēng常cháng清qīng

封fēng常cháng清qīng细xì瘦shòu目mù颣lèi,脚jiǎo短duǎn而ér跛bǒ。高gāo仙xiān芝zhī为wèi夫fū蒙méng灵líng察chá都dōu知zhī兵bīng马mǎ使shǐ,常cháng清qīng为wèi仙xiān芝zhī傔qiàn。会huì达dá览lǎn部bù落luò皆jiē叛pàn,自zì黑hēi山shān北běi向xiàng,西xī趋qū碎suì叶yè。使shǐ仙xiān芝zhī以yǐ骑qí二èr千qiān邀yāo截jié之zhī。常cháng清qīng于yú幕mù中zhōng潜qián作zuò捷jié书shū,仙xiān芝zhī所suǒ欲yù言yán,无wú不bù周zhōu悉xī。仙xiān芝zhī异yì之zhī。军jūn回huí,仙xiān芝zhī见jiàn判pàn官guān刘liú眺tiào、独dú孤gū峻jùn等děng,遂suì问wèn曰yuē:”前qián者zhě捷jié书shū,何hé人rén所suǒ作zuò?副fù大dà使shǐ何hé得dé有yǒu此cǐ人rén?“仙xiān芝zhī曰yuē:即jí傔qiàn人rén封fēng常cháng清qīng也yě,见jiàn在zài门mén外wài马mǎ边biān。”眺tiào等děng揖yī仙xiān芝zhī,命mìng常cháng清qīng进jìn坐zuò与yǔ语yǔ,如rú旧jiù相xiāng识shí。后hòu仙xiān芝zhī为wèi安ān西xī节jié度dù使shǐ,奏zòu常cháng清qīng为wèi节jié度dù判pàn官guān。仙xiān芝zhī每měi出chū征zhēng讨tǎo,常cháng令lìng常cháng清qīng知zhī留liú后hòu事shì。常cháng清qīng有yǒu才cái学xué,果guǒ决jué。仙xiān芝zhī乳rǔ母mǔ子zi郑zhèng德dé铨quán已yǐ为wèi郎láng将jiāng,威wēi望wàng动dòng三sān军jūn。德dé铨quán见jiàn常cháng清qīng出chū其qí门mén,素sù易yì之zhī,走zǒu马mǎ突tū常cháng清qīng而ér去qù。常cháng清qīng至zhì使shǐ院yuàn,命mìng左zuǒ右yòu密mì引yǐn至zhì厅tīng,经jīng数shù重zhòng门mén,皆jiē随suí后hòu闭bì之zhī。常cháng清qīng案àn后hòu起qǐ谓wèi之zhī曰yuē:常cháng清qīng起qǐ自zì细xì微wēi,预yù中zhōng丞chéng傔qiàn,中zhōng丞chéng再zài不bù纳nà,郎láng将jiāng岂qǐ不bù知zhī乎hū?今jīn中zhōng丞chéng过guò听tīng,以yǐ常cháng清qīng为wèi留liú后hòu使shǐ,郎láng将jiāng何hé得dé无wú礼lǐ,对duì中zhōng使shǐ相xiāng凌líng。因yīn叱chì之zhī,命mìng勒lēi回huí,即jí杖zhàng六liù十shí,面miàn仆pū地dì曳yè出chū。仙xiān芝zhī妻qī及jí乳rǔ母mǔ,于yú门mén外wài号hào哭kū救jiù之zhī,不bù得dé。后hòu仙xiān芝zhī见jiàn常cháng清qīng,遂suì无wú一yī言yán,常cháng清qīng亦yì不bù之zhī谢xiè。后hòu充chōng安ān西xī节jié度dù使shǐ。天tiān宝bǎo十shí四sì载zài,朝cháo于yú华huá清qīng宫gōng。玄xuán宗zōng问wèn以yǐ凶xiōng逆nì之zhī事shì,计jì将jiāng安ān出chū?常cháng清qīng乃nǎi大dà言yán以yǐ慰wèi玄xuán宗zōng之zhī意yì曰yuē:“臣chén请qǐng挑tiāo马mǎ棰chuí渡dù河hé,计jì日rì取qǔ逆nì胡hú首shǒu,悬xuán于yú阙què下xià。”玄xuán宗zōng忧yōu而ér壮zhuàng其qí言yán。至zhì东dōng都dōu,旬xún朔shuò,召zhào募mù六liù万wàn。频pín战zhàn不bù利lì,遂suì与yǔ高gāo仙xiān芝zhī退tuì守shǒu潼tóng关guān。仙xiān芝zhī副fù荣róng王wáng琬wǎn领lǐng五wǔ万wàn人rén进jìn击jī。十shí二èr月yuè十shí日rì至zhì陕shǎn州zhōu,十shí一yī日rì常cháng清qīng败bài于yú东dōng京jīng,十shí三sān日rì禄lù山shān入rù东dōng京jīng。常cháng清qīng奔bēn至zhì陕shǎn州zhōu。以yǐ贼zéi锋fēng不bù可kě当dāng,乃nǎi烧shāo太tài原yuán仓cāng,引yǐn兵bīng退tuì趋qū潼tóng关guān,缮shàn修xiū守shǒu具jù。贼zéi寻xún至zhì关guān,不bù能néng入rù,仙xiān芝zhī之zhī力lì。乃nǎi削xuē常cháng清qīng官guān爵jué,令lìng白bái衣yī于yú仙xiān芝zhī军jūn效xiào力lì。监jiān军jūn边biān令lìng诚chéng每měi事shì干gàn之zhī,仙xiān芝zhī多duō不bù从cóng。令lìng诚chéng入rù奏zòu事shì,具jù言yán奔bēn败bài之zhī状zhuàng。玄xuán宗zōng怒nù,遣qiǎn令lìng诚chéng斩zhǎn之zhī。常cháng清qīng临lín刑xíng上shàng表biǎo。既jì刑xíng,陈chén其qí尸shī于yú蘧qú蒢chú之zhī上shàng。令lìng诚chéng谓wèi仙xiān芝zhī曰yuē:“大dà夫fū亦yì有yǒu恩ēn命mìng。”仙xiān芝zhī遽jù下xià至zhì常cháng请qǐng所suǒ刑xíng处chù。仙xiān芝zhī曰yuē:“我wǒ退tuì罪zuì他tā,死sǐ不bù敢gǎn辞cí。然rán以yǐ我wǒ为wèi减jiǎn截jié兵bīng粮liáng及jí赐cì物wù,则zé诬wū我wǒ也yě。”谓wèi令lìng诚chéng曰yuē:“上shàng是shì天tiān,下xià是shì地dì,兵bīng士shì皆jiē在zài,岂qǐ不bù知zhī乎hū?”兵bīng士shì齐qí呼hū曰yuē:“枉wǎng”,其qí声shēng殷yīn地dì。仙xiān芝zhī目mù常cháng清qīng尸shī曰yuē:“封fēng二èr,子zi从cóng微wēi至zhì着zhe,我wǒ引yǐn拔bá子zi,代dài我wǒ为wèi节jié度dù。今jīn日rì又yòu与yǔ子zi同tóng死sǐ于yú此cǐ,岂qǐ命mìng也yě乎hū?”遂suì斩zhǎn之zhī。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

封fēng常cháng清qīng,细xì瘦shòu、斜xié眼yǎn、脚jiǎo短duǎn,而ér且qiě有yǒu些xiē瘸qué。高gāo仙xiān芝zhī任rèn夫fū蒙méng灵líng察chá都dōu知zhī兵bīng马mǎ使shǐ。封fēng常cháng清qīng为wèi他tā的de副fù将jiāng。这zhè时shí正zhèng赶gǎn上shàng达dá览lǎn部bù落luò叛pàn乱luàn,从cóng黑hēi山shān以yǐ北běi,直zhí到dào碎suì叶yè,派pài高gāo仙xiān芝zhī率lǜ二èr千qiān骑qí兵bīng截jié击jī。封fēng常cháng清qīng在zài军jūn幕mù中zhōng作zuò报bào捷jié书shū。高gāo仙xiān芝zhī想xiǎng说shuō的de,他tā在zài报bào捷jié书shū中zhōng都dū写xiě出chū来lái了le。高gāo仙xiān芝zhī很hěn惊jīng异yì。军jūn队duì回huí来lái后hòu,仙xiān芝zhī见jiàn到dào判pàn官guān刘liú眺tiào、独dú孤gū峻jùn等děng人rén,他tā们men问wèn高gāo仙xiān芝zhī先xiān前qián那nà报bào捷jié书shū,是shì谁shuí作zuò的de?副fù手shǒu中zhōng哪nǎ有yǒu这zhè样yàng的de人rén才cái?高gāo仙xiān芝zhī说shuō,是shì我wǒ的de副fù手shǒu封fēng常cháng清qīng,他tā现xiàn在zài门mén外wài马mǎ旁páng。刘liú眺tiào等děng人rén求qiú仙xiān芝zhī,命mìng封fēng常cháng清qīng进jìn来lái坐zuò,并bìng互hù相xiāng谈tán话huà,谈tán得dé很hěn投tóu机jī,好hǎo象xiàng旧jiù相xiāng识shí似shì的de。后hòu来lái,高gāo仙xiān芝zhī当dāng了le安ān西xī节jié度dù使shǐ,奏zòu请qǐng封fēng常cháng清qīng为wèi节jié度dù使shǐ判pàn官guān。仙xiān芝zhī每měi次cì出chū去qù征zhēng讨tǎo,常cháng令lìng常cháng清qīng留liú守shǒu管guǎn事shì。常cháng清qīng有yǒu才cái学xué,办bàn事shì果guǒ断duàn。高gāo仙xiān芝zhī的de乳rǔ母mǔ之zhī子zi郑zhèng德dé铨quán已yǐ当dāng了le郎láng将jiāng,军jūn中zhōng威wēi望wàng很hěn高gāo,德dé铨quán经jīng常cháng见jiàn常cháng清qīng从cóng仙xiān芝zhī门mén下xià出chū出chū进jìn进jìn,郑zhèng就jiù很hěn轻qīng视shì常cháng清qīng。有yǒu一yī次cì郑zhèng骑qí马mǎ从cóng常cháng清qīng身shēn旁páng走zǒu过guò去qù。常cháng清qīng到dào了le使shǐ院yuàn,命mìng令lìng手shǒu下xià人rén秘mì密mì把bǎ郑zhèng德dé铨quán引yǐn进jìn大dà厅tīng,经jīng过guò好hǎo几jǐ道dào门mén。每měi过guò一yī道dào门mén,就jiù把bǎ门mén关guān上shàng。封fēng常cháng清qīng从cóng案àn后hòu站zhàn起qǐ来lái对duì他tā说shuō,我wǒ封fēng常cháng清qīng出chū身shēn贫pín贱jiàn,我wǒ想xiǎng当dāng中zhōng丞chéng的de副fù手shǒu,中zhōng丞chéng再zài三sān不bù采cǎi纳nà,郎láng将jiāng你nǐ怎zěn么me会huì不bù知zhī道dào呢ne?现xiàn在zài中zhōng丞chéng不bù听tīng谄chǎn言yán,任rèn我wǒ为wèi留liú后hòu使shǐ,郎láng将jiāng你nǐ怎zěn能néng无wú礼lǐ,对duì我wǒ进jìn行xíng凌líng辱rǔ。因yīn此cǐ,斥chì责zé了le德dé铨quán,并bìng命mìng绑bǎng起qǐ来lái,打dǎ了le六liù十shí板bǎn子zi,爬pá在zài地dì上shàng拽zhuāi出chū去qù。仙xiān芝zhī的de妻qī子zǐ和hé乳rǔ母mǔ在zài门mén外wài号hào哭kū求qiú情qíng,也yě没méi行xíng。后hòu来lái,仙xiān芝zhī见jiàn到dào常cháng清qīng,一yī句jù话huà也yě不bù说shuō,常cháng清qīng也yě不bù请qǐng求qiú谢xiè罪zuì。后hòu来lái,封fēng常cháng清qīng充chōng任rèn安ān西xī节jié度dù使shǐ。唐táng玄xuán宗zōng天tiān宝bǎo十shí四sì年nián,在zài华huá清qīng宫gōng朝cháo见jiàn皇huáng帝dì。玄xuán宗zōng问wèn起qǐ安ān禄lù山shān谋móu叛pàn之zhī事shì,让ràng封fēng常cháng清qīng出chū个gè主zhǔ意yì。封fēng常cháng清qīng为wèi安ān慰wèi玄xuán宗zōng,大dà言yán不bù惭cán地dì说shuō:“臣chén请qǐng策cè马mǎ渡dù河hé,按àn计jì算suàn的de时shí间jiān,取qǔ来lái安ān禄lù山shān的de首shǒu级jí,悬xuán于yú朝cháo门mén。”玄xuán宗zōng李lǐ隆lóng基jī尽jǐn管guǎn很hěn忧yōu心xīn。但dàn是shì还hái夸kuā奖jiǎng了le他tā。封fēng常cháng清qīng到dào了le东dōng都dōu洛luò阳yáng,半bàn月yuè后hòu召zhào募mù了le六liù万wàn士shì兵bīng。多duō次cì交jiāo战zhàn不bù利lì遂suì与yǔ高gāo仙xiān芝zhī退tuì守shǒu潼tóng关guān。仙xiān芝zhī给gěi荣róng王wáng李lǐ琬wǎn做zuò副fù手shǒu领lǐng五wǔ万wàn人rén进jìn击jī。十shí二èr月yuè十shí日rì到dào陕shǎn州zhōu,十shí一yī日rì常cháng清qīng在zài东dōng京jīng失shī败bài,十shí三sān日rì安ān禄lù山shān入rù东dōng京jīng。常cháng清qīng奔bēn至zhì陕shǎn州zhōu,叛pàn贼zéi的de锋fēng芒máng锐ruì不bù可kě挡dǎng,烧shāo掉diào了le太tài原yuán仓cāng,领lǐng兵bīng退tuì入rù潼tóng关guān,修xiū缮shàn了le防fáng守shǒu工gōng事shì。叛pàn贼zéi又yòu很hěn快kuài地dì追zhuī到dào潼tóng关guān,由yóu于yú高gāo仙xiān芝zhī率lǜ众zhòng奋fèn力lì抵dǐ抗kàng,叛pàn贼zéi没méi能néng攻gōng入rù。后hòu来lái,因yīn封fēng常cháng清qīng多duō次cì败bài兵bīng被bèi削xuē掉diào了le官guān职zhí,以yǐ普pǔ通tōng百bǎi姓xìng的de身shēn份fèn在zài高gāo仙xiān芝zhī军jūn中zhōng效xiào力lì。监jiān军jūn边biān令lìng诚chéng对duì军jūn中zhōng之zhī事shì每měi每měi干gān涉shè介jiè入rù,仙xiān芝zhī多duō不bù服fú从cóng。边biān令lìng诚chéng便biàn把bǎ高gāo仙xiān芝zhī、封fēng常cháng清qīng兵bīng败bài的de情qíng况kuàng向xiàng皇huáng上shàng奏zòu了le一yī本běn。唐táng玄xuán宗zōng大dà怒nù,派pài令lìng诚chéng斩zhǎn高gāo、封fēng二èr人rén。封fēng常cháng清qīng临lín刑xíng上shàng过guò奏zòu表biǎo,但dàn被bèi斩zhǎn了le,将jiāng其qí尸shī体tǐ放fàng在zài芦lú席xí上shàng。边biān令lìng诚chéng又yòu对duì高gāo仙xiān芝zhī说shuō:“皇huáng上shàng对duì你nǐ也yě有yǒu恩ēn命mìng。”仙xiān芝zhī很hěn快kuài走zǒu到dào常cháng清qīng受shòu刑xíng的de地dì方fāng。仙xiān芝zhī说shuō:“我wǒ退tuì兵bīng有yǒu罪zuì,死sǐ不bù敢gǎn辞cí,说shuō我wǒ截jié扣kòu军jūn饷xiǎng和hé恩ēn赐cì之zhī物wù,则zé是shì诬wū陷xiàn我wǒ。”他tā又yòu对duì边biān令lìng诚chéng说shuō:“上shàng有yǒu天tiān。下xià有yǒu地dì,兵bīng士shì都dōu在zài,他tā们men能néng不bù知zhī道dào吗ma?”兵bīng士shì齐qí呼hū冤yuān枉wǎng,喊hǎn声shēng震zhèn地dì。仙xiān芝zhī看kàn着zhe常cháng清qīng尸shī体tǐ说shuō:“封fēng二èr,你nǐ从cóng贫pín贱jiàn到dào显xiǎn赫hè,是shì我wǒ提tí拔bá你nǐ的de,代dài我wǒ为wèi节jié度dù使shǐ,我wǒ今jīn天tiān又yòu和hé你nǐ同tóng死sǐ在zài这zhè里lǐ,这zhè是shì命mìng中zhōng注zhù定dìng的de么me?”说shuō完wán,他tā也yě被bèi斩zhǎn了le。

李lǐ光guāng弼bì

李lǐ光guāng弼bì讨tǎo史shǐ思sī明míng,师shī于yú野yě水shuǐ渡dù,既jì夕xī还hái军jūn,留liú其qí卒zú一yī千qiān人rén。谓wèi雍yōng颢hào曰yuē:“贼zéi将jiāng高gāo晖huī、李lǐ日rì越yuè、喻yù文wén景jǐng,皆jiē万wàn人rén敌dí也yě。思sī明míng必bì使shǐ一yī人rén劫jié我wǒ。我wǒ且qiě去qù之zhī,子zi领lǐng卒zú待dài贼zéi于yú此cǐ。至zhì勿wù与yǔ战zhàn,降jiàng则zé俱jù来lái。其qí日rì,思sī明míng召zhào日rì越yuè曰yuē:李lǐ君jūn引yǐn兵bīng至zhì野yě水shuǐ,此cǐ成chéng擒qín也yě。汝rǔ以yǐ铁tiě骑qí宵xiāo济jì,为wèi我wǒ取qǔ之zhī。命mìng曰yuē:必bì获huò李lǐ君jūn,不bù然rán无wú归guī!日rì越yuè引yǐn骑qí五wǔ百bǎi,晨chén压yā颢hào军jūn。颢hào阻zǔ濠háo休xiū卒zú,吟yín啸xiào相xiāng视shì。日rì越yuè怪guài之zhī,问wèn曰yuē:”太tài尉wèi在zài乎hū?“曰yuē:”夜yè去qù矣yǐ。“兵bīng几jǐ何hé?曰yuē:”千qiān人rén,将jiāng谓wèi谁shuí?曰yuē雍yōng颢hào也yě。“日rì越yuè沉chén吟yín久jiǔ,谓wèi其qí下xià曰yuē:我wǒ受shòu命mìng必bì得děi李lǐ君jūn,今jīn获huò颢hào,不bù塞sāi此cǐ望wàng,必bì见jiàn害hài,不bù如rú降jiàng之zhī。遂suì请qǐng降xiáng。颢hào与yǔ之zhī俱jù至zhì。光guāng弼bì悉xī又yòu尝cháng伏fú军jūn守shǒu河hé阳yáng,与yǔ史shǐ思sī明míng相xiāng持chí经jīng年nián。思sī明míng有yǒu战zhàn马mǎ千qiān匹pǐ,每měi日rì洗xǐ马mǎ于yú河hé南nán,以yǐ示shì其qí多duō。光guāng弼bì乃nǎi于yú诸zhū营yíng检jiǎn获huò牝pìn马mǎ五wǔ百bǎi匹pǐ,待dài思sī明míng马mǎ至zhì水shuǐ际jì,尽jǐn驱qū出chū之zhī。有yǒu驹jū絷zhí于yú城chéng中zhōng,群qún牝pìn嘶sī鸣míng,无wú复fù间jiàn断duàn,思sī明míng战zhàn马mǎ,悉xī浮fú渡dù河hé,光guāng弼bì尽jǐn驱qū入rù营yíng。光guāng弼bì又yòu尝cháng在zài河hé阳yáng,闻wén史shǐ思sī明míng已yǐ过guò河hé,远yuǎn回huí趋qū东dōng京jīng。至zhì,谓wèi留liú守shǒu韦wéi陟zhì曰yuē:”贼zéi乘chéng我wǒ军jūn之zhī败bài,难nán与yǔ争zhēng锋fēng。洛luò城chéng无wú粮liáng,又yòu不bù可kě守shǒu。公gōng计jì若ruò何hé?“陟zhì曰yuē:”加jiā兵bīng陕shǎn州zhōu,退tuì守shǒu潼tóng关guān。“光guāng弼bì曰yuē:”此cǐ盖gài兵bīng家jiā常cháng势shì,非fēi用yòng奇qí之zhī策cè也yě。不bù若ruò移yí军jūn河hé阳yáng,北běi阻zǔ泽zé潞lù,据jù三sān城chéng以yǐ抗kàng之zhī。胜shèng即jí擒qín之zhī,败bài即jí自zì守shǒu。表biǎo里lǐ相xiāng应yìng,使shǐ贼zéi不bù敢gǎn西xī侵qīn,此cǐ则zé猿yuán臂bì之zhī势shì也yě。思sī明míng至zhì偃yǎn师shī,光guāng弼bì令lìng将jiàng士shì赴fù河hé阳yáng,独dú以yǐ麾huī下xià五wǔ百bǎi余yú骑qí为wèi殿diàn军jūn,当dāng石shí桥qiáo路lù,秉bǐng烛zhú徐xú行xíng,贼zéi不bù敢gǎn逼bī。乙yǐ夜yè达dá城chéng。迟chí明míng,思sī明míng悉xī众zhòng来lái攻gōng,诸zhū将jiāng决jué死sǐ而ér战zhàn,杀shā贼zéi万wàn余yú众zhòng,生shēng擒qín八bā十shí人rén,器qì械xiè粮liáng储chǔ万wàn计jì。擒qín其qí大dà将jiàng徐xú璜huáng、王wáng李lǐ秦qín(按àn《新xīn唐táng书shū》一yī三sān六liù李lǐ光guāng弼bì传chuán作zuò“徐xú璜huáng玉yù、李lǐ秦qín授shòu”)思sī明míng大dà惧jù,退tuì筑zhù城chéng以yǐ相xiāng拒jù。光guāng弼bì将jiāng战zhàn,谓wèi左zuǒ右yòu曰yuē:“凡fán战zhàn危wēi事shì,胜shèng负fù击jī之zhī。光guāng弼bì位wèi为wèi三sān公gōng,不bù可kě死sǐ于yú贼zéi手shǒu。事shì之zhī不bù捷jié,誓shì投tóu于yú河hé。”适shì城chéng上shàng见jiàn河hé稍shāo远yuǎn,恐kǒng或huò急jí事shì难nán至zhì,遂suì置zhì剑jiàn于yú靴xuē中zhōng,有yǒu必bì死sǐ之zhī志zhì。及jí是shì战zhàn胜shèng,于yú城chéng西xī西xī望wàng拜bài舞wǔ,三sān军jūn感gǎn动dòng。移yí镇zhèn临lín淮huái,舁yú疾jí而ér行xíng,径jìng赴fù泗sì州zhōu。光guāng弼bì之zhī未wèi至zhì河hé南nán也yě,田tián神shén功gōng平píng刘liú展zhǎn后hòu,逗dòu留liú于yú杨yáng府fǔ,尚shàng衡héng、殷yīn仲zhòng卿qīng相xiāng攻gōng于yú兖yǎn郓yùn,来lái瑱zhèn旅lǚ拒jù而ér还hái襄xiāng阳yáng。朝cháo廷tíng患huàn之zhī。及jí光guāng弼bì至zhì徐xú州zhōu,史shǐ朝cháo义yì退tuì走zǒu,田tián神shén功gōng遽jù归guī河hé南nán。尚shàng衡héng、殷yīn仲zhòng卿qīng、来lái瑱zhèn皆jiē惧jù其qí威wēi名míng,相xiāng继jì赴fù关guān。吐tǔ蕃bō将jiāng犯fàn上shàng都dōu,手shǒu诏zhào追zhuī光guāng弼bì率lǜ众zhòng赴fù长cháng安ān。光guāng弼bì与yǔ程chéng元yuán振zhèn不bù协xié,观guān天tiān下xià之zhī变biàn,迁qiān延yán不bù至zhì。初chū光guāng弼bì用yòng师shī严yán整zhěng,天tiān下xià服fú其qí威wēi名míng。凡fán所suǒ号hào令lìng,诸zhū将jiāng不bù敢gǎn仰yǎng视shì。及jí其qí有yǒu田tián神shén功gōng等děng诸zhū军jūn,皆jiē不bù受shòu其qí制zhì。因yīn此cǐ不bù得dé志zhì,愧kuì耻chǐ成chéng疾jí,薨hōng于yú徐xú州zhōu,年nián五wǔ十shí七qī。其qí母mǔ衰shuāi老lǎo,庄zhuāng宅zhái使shǐ鱼yú朝cháo恩ēn吊diào问wèn。(出chū《谭tán宾bīn录lù》)

【译yì文wén】

李lǐ光guāng弼bì在zài野yě水shuǐ渡dù地dì方fāng征zhēng讨tǎo史shǐ思sī明míng,到dào了le晚wǎn上shàng,军jūn队duì撤chè回huí,只zhǐ留liú了le一yī千qiān多duō人rén。李lǐ光guāng弼bì对duì雍yōng颢hào说shuō:“贼zéi将jiāng高gāo晖huī、李lǐ日rì越yuè、喻yù文wén景jǐng,都dōu是shì万wàn人rén才cái能néng抵dǐ挡dǎng的de人rén,史shǐ思sī明míng必bì然rán派pài一yī人rén来lái劫jié我wǒ。我wǒ先xiān走zǒu了le,你nǐ领lǐng士shì兵bīng在zài这zhè等děng他tā们men,不bù准zhǔn和hé他tā们men交jiāo战zhàn;他tā们men若ruò是shì投tóu降xiáng,就jiù和hé他tā们men一yì起qǐ来lái。”这zhè天tiān,史shǐ思sī明míng召zhào李lǐ日rì越yuè说shuō:“你nǐ领lǐng兵bīng去qù野yě水shuǐ渡dù,这zhè次cì一yí定dìng能néng抓zhuā住zhù他tā,你nǐ派pài铁tiě骑qí(披pī甲jiǎ的de战zhàn马mǎ)晚wǎn上shàng渡dù过guò去qù,为wèi我wǒ抓zhuā来lái。又yòu下xià命mìng令lìng,必bì须xū抓zhuā到dào李lǐ光guāng弼bì,否fǒu则zé,你nǐ就jiù别bié回huí来lái。”李lǐ日rì越yuè率shuài领lǐng五wǔ百bǎi骑qí兵bīng,早zǎo晨chén接jiē近jìn了le雍yōng颢hào的de军jūn队duì。雍yōng颢hào的dī士shì兵bīng在zài护hù城chéng河hé边biān,只zhǐ是shì互hù相xiāng看kàn着zhe喊hǎn叫jiào。李lǐ日rì越yuè感gǎn觉jué很hěn奇qí怪guài,问wèn太tài尉wèi(指zhǐ李lǐ光guāng弼bì)在zài吗ma?回huí答dá说shuō,夜yè间jiān走zǒu了le。又yòu问wèn,你nǐ们men有yǒu多duō少shǎo兵bīng?回huí答dá说shuō,一yī千qiān人rén。又yòu问wèn,将jiàng领lǐng是shì谁shuí,答dá,是shì雍yōng颢hào。李lǐ日rì越yuè沉chén思sī良liáng久jiǔ,对duì他tā部bù下xià说shuō,我wǒ接jiē受shòu的de命mìng令lìng是shì必bì须xū抓zhuā到dào李lǐ光guāng弼bì,现xiàn在zài抓zhuā到dào雍yōng颢hào不bù能néng满mǎn足zú史shǐ思sī明míng的de愿yuàn望wàng,回huí去qù我wǒ必bì死sǐ,不bù如rú投tóu降xiáng。于yú是shì李lǐ日rì越yuè便biàn投tóu降xiáng了le,和hé雍yōng颢hào一yì起qǐ到dào了le唐táng营yíng。李lǐ光guāng弼bì曾céng经jīng领lǐng兵bīng守shǒu河hé阳yáng,与yǔ史shǐ思sī明míng对duì持chí了le一yī年nián。史shǐ思sī明míng有yǒu一yī千qiān多duō匹pǐ战zhàn马mǎ,每měi天tiān在zài河hé南nán边biān洗xǐ马mǎ,用yòng来lái显xiǎn示shì他tā的de马mǎ多duō兵bīng强qiáng。李lǐ光guāng弼bì便biàn在zài诸zhū营yíng中zhōng选xuǎn出chū母mǔ马mǎ五wǔ百bǎi匹pǐ,等děng史shǐ思sī明míng的de马mǎ下xià河hé时shí,他tā把bǎ母mǔ马mǎ赶gǎn下xià河hé,因yīn为wèi母mǔ马mǎ都dōu有yǒu马mǎ驹jū在zài城chéng内nèi,所suǒ以yǐ母mǔ马mǎ不bù间jiàn断duàn地dì嘶sī鸣míng。思sī明míng的de战zhàn马mǎ听tīng着zhe母mǔ马mǎ嘶sī叫jiào,便biàn渡dù过guò河hé束shù,李lǐ光guāng弼bì都dōu赶gǎn进jìn了le军jūn营yíng。又yòu,李lǐ光guāng弼bì在zài河hé阳yáng时shí,听tīng说shuō史shǐ思sī明míng已yǐ过guò了le黄huáng河hé,便biàn从cóng远yuǎn道dào迂yū回huí赶gǎn到dào了le东dōng能néng守shǒu,你nǐ怎zěn么me想xiǎng的de?“韦wéi陟zhì说shuō:”增zēng兵bīng陕shǎn州zhōu,退tuì守shǒu潼tóng关guān。李lǐ光guāng弼bì说shuō,你nǐ这zhè是shì用yòng兵bīng的de常cháng规guī,不bú是shì奇qí妙miào之zhī策cè。不bù如rú移yí军jūn河hé阳yáng北běi边biān在zài泽zé潞lù阻zǔ击jī,据jù守shǒu三sān城chéng与yǔ他tā对duì抗kàng,胜shèng了le就jiù可kě抓zhuā住zhù他tā;败bài了le,则zé可kě据jù城chéng自zì守shǒu,内nèi外wài呼hū应yìng,使shǐ贼zéi不bù敢gǎn西xī侵qīn,这zhè就jiù叫jiào“猿yuán臂bì之zhī势shì”。史shǐ思sī明míng到dào了le偃yǎn师shī。李lǐ光guāng弼bì命mìng令lìng将jiàng士shì赴fù河hé阳yáng,以yǐ他tā的de五wǔ百bǎi多duō骑qí兵bīng殿diàn后hòu。用yòng石shí头tou挡dǎng住zhù路lù和hé桥qiáo,只zhǐ能néng打dǎ着zhe灯dēng笼lóng慢màn慢màn走zǒu。贼zéi不bù敢gǎn逼bī近jìn,晚wǎn间jiān到dào达dá城chéng内nèi。第dì二èr天tiān黎lí明míng,史shǐ思sī明míng率lǜ众zhòng来lái攻gōng城chéng,诸zhū将jiāng拼pīn死sǐ而ér战zhàn,杀shā贼zéi一yī万wàn多duō。活huó捉zhuō了le八bā十shí人rén,缴jiǎo获huò的de器qì械xiè粮liáng食shí上shàng万wàn,并bìng抓zhuā住zhù了le大dà将jiàng徐xú璜huáng、王wáng李lǐ秦qín。史shǐ思sī明míng很hěn惊jīng慌huāng,只zhǐ好hǎo退tuì回huí去qù筑zhù城chéng对duì抗kàng。李lǐ光guāng弼bì又yòu要yào出chū战zhàn,对duì他tā的de部bù下xià说shuō:“凡fán是shì战zhàn争zhēng到dào了le最zuì后hòu的de时shí候hòu,都dōu关guān系xì到dào胜shèng利lì与yǔ失shī败bài的de问wèn题tí,我wǒ李lǐ光guāng弼bì身shēn为wèi三sān公gōng,决jué不bù能néng死sǐ在zài敌dí人rén之zhī手shǒu,若ruò是shì失shī败bài了le,我wǒ决jué心xīn投tóu河hé。”可kě是shì城chéng与yǔ河hé离lí的de稍shāo远yuǎn,怕pà到dào时shí候hòu难nán到dào河hé边biān,他tā便biàn把bǎ短duǎn剑jiàn放fàng在zài靴xuē中zhōng,他tā下xià定dìng了le必bì死sǐ的de决jué心xīn。这zhè一yī仗zhàng打dǎ胜shèng了le。他tā在zài城chéng西xī向xiàng西xī方fāng拜bài舞wǔ。军jūn中zhōng将jiàng士shì大dà为wèi感gǎn动dòng。后hòu来lái军jūn队duì转zhuǎn移yí到dào临lín淮huái镇zhèn守shǒu,李lǐ光guāng弼bì带dài病bìng而ér行xíng,兵bīng士shì们men抬tái着zhe他tā直zhí接jiē到dào了le泗sì州zhōu,李lǐ光guāng弼bì没méi有yǒu到dào达dá河hé南nán。田tián神shén功gōng打dǎ败bài刘liú展zhǎn后hòu,逗dòu留liú在zài杨yáng府fǔ;尚shàng衡héng、殷yīn仲zhòng卿qīng二èr人rén攻gōng打dǎ兖yǎn、郓yùn;来lái瑱zhèn军jūn拒jù贼zéi回huí到dào襄xiāng阳yáng。朝cháo廷tíng深shēn患huàn叛pàn贼zéi未wèi除chú,令lìng光guāng弼bì到dào徐xú州zhōu,史shǐ朝cháo义yì退tuì走zǒu了le。田tián神shén功gōng也yě很hěn快kuài地dì归guī回huí河hé南nán,尚shàng衡héng、殷yīn仲zhòng卿qīng、来lái瑱zhèn都dōu惧jù怕pà光guāng弼bì,相xiāng继jì赴fù关guān。吐tǔ蕃bō进jìn犯fàn京jīng都dū,皇huáng上shàng下xià手shǒu诏zhào催cuī李lǐ光guāng弼bì速sù率lǜ兵bīng赴fù长cháng安ān。李lǐ光guāng弼bì与yǔ程chéng元yuán振zhèn二èr人rén不bù和hé睦mù,观guān察chá局jú势shì的de变biàn化huà,迟chí迟chí不bú到dào京jīng城chéng。起qǐ初chū,光guāng弼bì治zhì军jūn很hěn严yán,威wēi名míng震zhèn天tiān下xià,凡fán是shì他tā下xià的de命mìng令lìng,诸zhū将jiāng不bù敢gǎn不bù服fú。后hòu来lái,有yǒu田tián神shén功gōng等děng诸zhū军jūn,都dōu不bù受shòu他tā的de控kòng制zhì,因yīn此cǐ,光guāng弼bì很hěn不bù得dé志zhì,感gǎn到dào很hěn耻chǐ辱rǔ,很hěn惭cán愧kuì,忧yōu郁yù成chéng疾jí,死sǐ于yú徐xú州zhōu,时shí年nián五wǔ十shí七qī岁suì。他tā的de母mǔ亲qīn很hěn衰shuāi老lǎo了le。朝cháo廷tíng派pài庄zhuāng宅zhái使shǐ(唐táng宫gōng内nèi官guān名míng,管guǎn理lǐ两liǎng京jīng地dì区qū官guān府fǔ,掌zhǎng握wò庄zhuāng田tián、磨mò坊fáng、店diàn铺pù、菜cài园yuán、车chē坊fāng等děng产chǎn业yè,皆jiē由yóu宦huàn官guān领lǐng职zhí。)鱼yú朝cháo恩ēn去qù吊diào唁yàn。

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