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卷juǎn六liù·滕téng文wén公gōng章zhāng句jù下xià

凡fán十shí章zhāng。

陳chén代dài曰yuē:“不bù見jiàn諸zhū侯hóu,宜yí若ruò小xiǎo然rán;今jīn一yī見jiàn之zhī,大dà則zé以yǐ王wáng,小xiǎo則zé以yǐ霸bà。且qiě志zhì曰yuē:‘枉wǎng尺chǐ而ér直zhí尋xún’,宜yí若ruò可kě為wèi也yě。”王wáng,去qù聲shēng。陳chén代dài,孟mèng子zǐ弟dì子zi也yě。小xiǎo,謂wèi小xiǎo節jié也yě。枉wǎng,屈qū也yě。直zhí,伸shēn也yě。八bā尺chǐ曰yuē尋xún。枉wǎng尺chǐ直zhí尋xún,猶yóu屈qū己jǐ一yī見jiàn諸zhū侯hóu,而ér可kě以yǐ致zhì王wáng霸bà,所suǒ屈qū者zhě小xiǎo,所suǒ伸shēn者zhě大dà也yě。孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“昔xī齊qí景jǐng公gōng田tián,招zhāo虞yú人rén以yǐ旌jīng,不bù至zhì,將jiāng殺shā之zhī。志zhì士shì不bù忘wàng在zài溝gōu壑hè,勇yǒng士shì不bù忘wàng喪sàng其qí元yuán。孔kǒng子zi奚xī取qǔ焉yān?取qǔ非fēi其qí招zhāo不bù往wǎng也yě,如rú不bù待dài其qí招zhāo而ér往wǎng,何hé哉zāi?喪sàng,去qù聲shēng。田tián,獵liè也yě。虞yú人rén,守shǒu苑yuàn囿yòu之zhī吏lì也yě。招zhāo大dà夫fū以yǐ旌jīng,招zhāo虞yú人rén以yǐ皮pí冠guān。元yuán,首shǒu也yě。志zhì士shì固gù窮qióng,常cháng念niàn死sǐ無wú棺guān槨guǒ,棄qì溝gōu壑hè而ér不bù恨hèn;勇yǒng士shì輕qīng生shēng,常cháng念niàn戰zhàn斗dòu而ér死sǐ,喪sàng其qí首shǒu而ér不bù顧gù也yě。此cǐ二èr句jù,乃nǎi孔kǒng子zi嘆tàn美měi虞yú人rén之zhī言yán。夫fū虞yú人rén招zhāo之zhī不bù以yǐ其qí物wù,尚shàng守shǒu死sǐ而ér不bù往wǎng,況kuàng君jūn子zǐ豈qǐ可kě不bù待dài其qí招zhāo而ér自zì往wǎng見jiàn之zhī邪xié?此cǐ以yǐ上shàng告gào之zhī以yǐ不bù可kě往wǎng見jiàn之zhī意yì。且qiě夫fū枉wǎng尺chǐ而ér直zhí尋xún者zhě,以yǐ利lì言yán也yě。如rú以yǐ利lì,則zé枉wǎng尋xún直zhí尺chǐ而ér利lì,亦yì可kě為wèi與yǔ?夫fū,音yīn扶fú。與yǔ,平píng聲shēng。此cǐ以yǐ下xià,正zhèng其qí所suǒ稱chēng枉wǎng尺chǐ直zhí尋xún之zhī非fēi。夫fū所suǒ謂wèi枉wǎng小xiǎo而ér所suǒ伸shēn者zhě大dà則zé為wèi之zhī者zhě,計jì其qí利lì耳ěr。一yī有yǒu計jì利lì之zhī心xīn,則zé雖suī枉wǎng多duō伸shēn少shǎo而ér有yǒu利lì,亦yì將jiāng為wèi之zhī邪xié?甚shèn言yán其qí不bù可kě也yě。昔xī者zhě趙zhào簡jiǎn子zi使shǐ王wáng良liáng與yǔ嬖bì奚xī乘chéng,終zhōng日rì而ér不bù獲huò一yī禽qín。嬖bì奚xī反fǎn命mìng曰yuē:‘天tiān下xià之zhī賤jiàn工gōng也yě。’或huò以yǐ告gào王wáng良liáng。良liáng曰yuē:‘請qǐng復fù之zhī。’強qiáng而ér后hòu可kě,一yī朝zhāo而ér獲huò十shí禽qín。嬖bì奚xī反fǎn命mìng曰yuē:‘天tiān下xià之zhī良liáng工gōng也yě。’簡jiǎn子zi曰yuē:‘我wǒ使shǐ掌zhǎng與yǔ女nǚ乘chéng。’謂wèi王wáng良liáng。良liáng不bù可kě,曰yuē:‘吾wú為wèi之zhī范fàn我wǒ馳chí驅qū,終zhōng日rì不bù獲huò一yī;為wèi之zhī詭guǐ遇yù,一yī朝zhāo而ér獲huò十shí。詩shī云yún:“不bù失shī其qí馳chí,舍shě矢shǐ如rú破pò。”我wǒ不bù貫guàn與yǔ小xiǎo人rén乘chéng,請qǐng辭cí。’乘chéng,去qù聲shēng。強qiáng,上shàng聲shēng。女nǚ,音yīn汝rǔ。為wèi,去qù聲shēng。舍shě,上shàng聲shēng。趙zhào簡jiǎn子zi,晉jìn大dà夫fū趙zhào鞅yāng也yě。王wáng良liáng,善shàn御yù者zhě也yě。嬖bì奚xī,簡jiǎn子zi幸xìng臣chén。與yǔ之zhī乘chéng,為wèi之zhī御yù也yě。復fù之zhī,再zài乘chéng也yě。強qiáng而ér后hòu可kě,嬖bì奚xī不bù肯kěn,強qiáng之zhī而ér后hòu肯kěn也yě。一yī朝zhāo,自zì晨chén至zhì食shí時shí也yě。掌zhǎng,專zhuān主zhǔ也yě。范fàn,法fǎ度dù也yě。詭guǐ遇yù,不bù正zhèng而ér與yǔ禽qín遇yù也yě。言yán奚xī不bù善shàn射shè,以yǐ法fǎ馳chí驅qū則zé不bù獲huò,廢fèi法fǎ詭guǐ遇yù而ér后hòu中zhōng也yě。詩shī小xiǎo雅yǎ車chē攻gōng之zhī篇piān。言yán御yù者zhě不bù失shī其qí馳chí驅qū之zhī法fǎ,而ér射shè者zhě發fā矢shǐ皆jiē中zhōng而ér力lì,今jīn嬖bì奚xī不bù能néng也yě。貫guàn,習xí也yě。御yù者zhě且qiě羞xiū與yǔ射shè者zhě比bǐ。比bǐ而ér得dé禽qín獸shòu,雖suī若ruò丘qiū陵líng,弗fú為wèi也yě。如rú枉wǎng道dào而ér從cóng彼bǐ,何hé也yě?且qiě子zi過guò矣yǐ,枉wǎng己jǐ者zhě,未wèi有yǒu能néng直zhí人rén者zhě也yě。”比bǐ,必bì二èr反fǎn。比bǐ,阿ā黨dǎng也yě。若ruò丘qiū陵líng,言yán多duō也yě。或huò曰yuē:“居jū今jīn之zhī世shì,出chū處chù去qù就jiù不bù必bì一yī一yī中zhōng節jié,欲yù其qí一yī一yī中zhōng節jié,則zé道dào不bù得dé行xíng矣yǐ。”楊yáng氏shì曰yuē:“何hé其qí不bù自zì重zhòng也yě,枉wǎng己jǐ其qí能néng直zhí人rén乎hū?古gǔ之zhī人rén寧níng道dào之zhī不bù行xíng,而ér不bù輕qīng其qí去qù就jiù;是shì以yǐ孔kǒng孟mèng雖suī在zài春chūn秋qiū戰zhàn國guó之zhī時shí,而ér進jìn必bì以yǐ正zhèng,以yǐ至zhì終zhōng不bù得dé行xíng而ér死sǐ也yě。使shǐ不bù恤xù其qí去qù就jiù而ér可kě以yǐ行háng道dào,孔kǒng孟mèng當dāng先xiān為wèi之zhī矣yǐ。孔kǒng孟mèng豈qǐ不bù欲yù道dào之zhī行xíng哉zāi?”

景jǐng春chūn曰yuē:“公gōng孫sūn衍yǎn、張zhāng儀yí豈qǐ不bù誠chéng大dà丈zhàng夫fū哉zāi?一yī怒nù而ér諸zhū侯hóu懼jù,安ān居jū而ér天tiān下xià熄xī。”景jǐng春chūn,人rén姓xìng名míng。公gōng孫sūn衍yǎn、張zhāng儀yí,皆jiē魏wèi人rén。怒nù則zé說shuō諸zhū侯hóu使shǐ相xiāng攻gōng伐fá,故gù諸zhū侯hóu懼jù也yě。孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“是shì焉yān得dé為wèi大dà丈zhàng夫fū乎hū?子zi未wèi學xué禮lǐ乎hū?丈zhàng夫fū之zhī冠guān也yě,父fù命mìng之zhī;女nǚ子zǐ之zhī嫁jià也yě,母mǔ命mìng之zhī,往wǎng送sòng之zhī門mén,戒jiè之zhī曰yuē:‘往wǎng之zhī女nǚ家jiā,必bì敬jìng必bì戒jiè,無wú違wéi夫fū子zǐ!’以yǐ順shùn為wèi正zhèng者zhě,妾qiè婦fù之zhī道dào也yě。焉yān,于yú虔qián反fǎn。冠guān,去qù聲shēng。女nǚ家jiā之zhī女nǚ,音yīn汝rǔ。加jiā冠guān于yú首shǒu曰yuē冠guān。女nǚ家jiā,夫fū家jiā也yě。婦fù人rén內nèi夫fū家jiā,以yǐ嫁jià為wèi歸guī也yě。夫fū子zǐ,夫fū也yě。女nǚ子zǐ從cóng人rén,以yǐ順shùn為wèi正zhèng道dào也yě。蓋gài言yán二èr子zi阿ā諛yú茍jì容róng,竊qiè取qǔ權quán勢shì,乃nǎi妾qiè婦fù順shùn從cóng之zhī道dào耳ěr,非fēi丈zhàng夫fū之zhī事shì也yě。居jū天tiān下xià之zhī廣guǎng居jū,立lì天tiān下xià之zhī正zhèng位wèi,行xíng天tiān下xià之zhī大dà道dào。得dé志zhì與yǔ民mín由yóu之zhī,不bù得dé志zhì獨dú行xíng其qí道dào。富fù貴guì不bù能néng淫yín,貧pín賤jiàn不bù能néng移yí,威wēi武wǔ不bù能néng屈qū。此cǐ之zhī謂wèi大dà丈zhàng夫fū。”廣guǎng居jū,仁rén也yě。正zhèng位wèi,禮lǐ也yě。大dà道dào,義yì也yě。與yǔ民mín由yóu之zhī,推tuī其qí所suǒ得de于yú人rén也yě;獨dú行xíng其qí道dào,守shǒu其qí所suǒ得de于yú己jǐ也yě。淫yín,蕩dàng其qí心xīn也yě。移yí,變biàn其qí節jié也yě。屈qū,挫cuò其qí志zhì也yě。何hé叔shū京jīng曰yuē:“戰zhàn國guó之zhī時shí,圣shèng賢xián道dào否fǒu,天tiān下xià不bù復fù見jiàn其qí德dé業yè之zhī盛shèng;但dàn見jiàn奸jiān巧qiǎo之zhī徒tú,得dé志zhì橫héng行xíng,氣qì焰yàn可kě畏wèi,遂suì以yǐ為wèi大dà丈zhàng夫fū。不bù知zhī由yóu君jūn子zǐ觀guān之zhī,是shì乃nǎi妾qiè婦fù之zhī道dào耳ěr,何hé足zú道dào哉zāi?”

周zhōu霄xiāo問wèn曰yuē:“古gǔ之zhī君jūn子zǐ仕shì乎hū?”孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“仕shì。傳chuán曰yuē:‘孔kǒng子zi三sān月yuè無wú君jūn,則zé皇huáng皇huáng如rú也yě,出chū疆jiāng必bì載zài質zhì。’公gōng明míng儀yí曰yuē:‘古gǔ之zhī人rén三sān月yuè無wú君jūn則zé吊diào。’”傳chuán,直zhí戀liàn反fǎn。質zhì與yǔ贄zhì同tóng,下xià同tóng。周zhōu霄xiāo,魏wèi人rén。無wú君jūn,謂wèi不bù得dé仕shì而ér事shì君jūn也yě。皇huáng皇huáng,如rú有yǒu求qiú而ér弗fú得dé之zhī意yì。出chū疆jiāng,謂wèi失shī位wèi而ér去qù國guó也yě。質zhì,所suǒ執zhí以yǐ見jiàn人rén者zhě,如rú士shì則zé執zhí雉zhì也yě。出chū疆jiāng載zài之zhī者zhě,將jiāng以yǐ見jiàn所suǒ適shì國guó之zhī君jūn而ér事shì之zhī也yě。“三sān月yuè無wú君jūn則zé吊diào,不bù以yǐ急jí乎hū?”周zhōu霄xiāo問wèn也yě。以yǐ、已yǐ通tōng,太tài也yě。后hòu章zhāng放fàng此cǐ。曰yuē:“士shì之zhī失shī位wèi也yě,猶yóu諸zhū侯hóu之zhī失shī國guó家jiā也yě。禮lǐ曰yuē:‘諸zhū侯hóu耕gēng助zhù,以yǐ供gōng粢zī盛shèng;夫fū人rén蠶cán繅sāo,以yǐ為wèi衣yī服fú。犧xī牲shēng不bù成chéng,粢zī盛shèng不bù潔jié,衣yī服fú不bù備bèi,不bù敢gǎn以yǐ祭jì。惟wéi士shì無wú田tián,則zé亦yì不bù祭jì。’牲shēng殺shā器qì皿mǐn衣yī服fú不bù備bèi,不bù敢gǎn以yǐ祭jì,則zé不bù敢gǎn以yǐ宴yàn,亦yì不bù足zú吊diào乎hū?”盛shèng,音yīn成chéng。繅sāo,素sù刀dāo反fǎn。皿mǐn,武wǔ永yǒng反fǎn。禮lǐ曰yuē:“諸zhū侯hóu為wèi借jiè百bǎi畝mǔ,冕miǎn而ér青qīng纮hóng,躬gōng秉bǐng耒lěi以yǐ耕gēng,而ér庶shù人rén助zhù以yǐ終zhōng畝mǔ。收shōu而ér藏cáng之zhī御yù廩lǐn,以yǐ供gōng宗zōng廟miào之zhī粢zī盛shèng。使shǐ世shì婦fù蠶cán于yú公gōng桑sāng蠶cán室shì,奉fèng繭jiǎn以yǐ示shì于yú君jūn,遂suì獻xiàn于yú夫fū人rén。夫fū人rén副fù祎yī受shòu之zhī,繅sāo三sān盆pén手shǒu,遂suì布bù于yú三sān宮gōng世shì婦fù,使shǐ繅sāo以yǐ為wèi黼fǔ黻fú文wén章zhāng,而ér服fú以yǐ祀sì先xiān王wáng先xiān公gōng。”又yòu曰yuē:“士shì有yǒu田tián則zé祭jì,無wú田tián則zé薦jiàn。”黍shǔ稷jì曰yuē粢zī,在zài器qì曰yuē盛shèng。牲shēng殺shā,牲shēng必bì特tè殺shā也yě。皿mǐn,所suǒ以yǐ覆fù器qì者zhě。“出chū疆jiāng必bì載zài質zhì,何hé也yě?”周zhōu霄xiāo問wèn也yě。曰yuē:“士shì之zhī仕shì也yě,猶yóu農nóng夫fū之zhī耕gēng也yě,農nóng夫fū豈qǐ為wèi出chū疆jiāng舍shě其qí耒lěi耜sì哉zāi?”為wèi,去qù聲shēng。舍shě,上shàng聲shēng。曰yuē:“晉jìn國guó亦yì仕shì國guó也yě,未wèi嘗cháng聞wén仕shì如rú此cǐ其qí急jí。仕shì如rú此cǐ其qí急jí也yě,君jūn子zǐ之zhī難nán仕shì,何hé也yě?”曰yuē:“丈zhàng失shī生shēng而ér愿yuàn為wèi之zhī有yǒu室shì,女nǚ子zǐ生shēng而ér愿yuàn為wèi之zhī有yǒu家jiā。父fù母mǔ之zhī心xīn,人rén皆jiē有yǒu之zhī。不bù待dài父fù母mǔ之zhī命mìng、媒méi妁shuò之zhī言yán,鉆chān穴xué隙xì相xiāng窺kuī,踰yú墻qiáng相xiāng從cóng,則zé父fù母mǔ國guó人rén皆jiē賤jiàn之zhī。古gǔ之zhī人rén未wèi嘗cháng不bù欲yù仕shì也yě,又yòu惡è不bù由yóu其qí道dào。不bù由yóu其qí道dào而ér往wǎng者zhě,與yǔ鉆chān穴xué隙xì之zhī類lèi也yě。”為wèi,去qù聲shēng。妁shuò,音yīn酌zhuó。隙xì,去qù逆nì反fǎn。惡è,去qù聲shēng。晉jìn國guó,解jiě見jiàn首shǒu篇piān。仕shì國guó,謂wèi君jūn子zǐ游yóu宦huàn之zhī國guó。霄xiāo意yì以yǐ孟mèng子zi不bù見jiàn諸zhū侯hóu為wèi難nán仕shì,故gù先xiān問wèn古gǔ之zhī君jūn子zǐ仕shì否fǒu,然rán后hòu言yán此cǐ以yǐ風fēng切qiè之zhī也yě。男nán以yǐ女nǚ為wèi室shì,女nǚ以yǐ男nán為wèi家jiā。妁shuò,亦yì媒méi也yě。言yán為wèi父fù母mǔ者zhě,非fēi不bù愿yuàn其qí男nán女nǚ之zhī有yǒu室shì家jiā,而ér亦yì惡è其qí不bù由yóu道dào。蓋gài君jūn子zǐ雖suī不bù潔jié身shēn以yǐ亂luàn倫lún,而ér亦yì不bù殉xùn利lì而ér忘wàng義yì也yě。

彭péng更gèng問wèn曰yuē:“后hòu車chē數shù十shí乘chéng,從cóng者zhě數shù百bǎi人rén,以yǐ傳chuán食shí于yú諸zhū侯hóu,不bù以yǐ泰tài乎hū?”孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“非fēi其qí道dào,則zé一yī簞dān食shí不bù可kě受shòu于yú人rén;如rú其qí道dào,則zé舜shùn受shòu堯yáo之zhī天tiān下xià,不bù以yǐ為wèi泰tài,子zi以yǐ為wèi泰tài乎hū?”更gèng,平píng聲shēng。乘chéng、從cóng,皆jiē去qù聲shēng。傳chuán,直zhí戀liàn反fǎn。簞dān,音yīn丹dān。食shí,音yīn嗣sì。彭péng更gèng,孟mèng子zǐ弟dì子zi也yě。泰tài,侈chǐ也yě。曰yuē:“否fǒu。士shì無wú事shì而ér食shí,不bù可kě也yě。”言yán不bù以yǐ舜shùn為wèi泰tài,但dàn謂wèi今jīn之zhī士shì無wú功gōng而ér食shí人rén之zhī食shí,則zé不bù可kě也yě。曰yuē:“子zi不bù通tōng功gōng易yì事shì,以yǐ羨xiàn補bǔ不bù足zú,則zé農nóng有yǒu余yú粟sù,女nǚ有yǒu余yú布bù;子zi如rú通tōng之zhī,則zé梓zǐ匠jiàng輪lún輿yú皆jiē得dé食shí于yú子zi。于yú此cǐ有yǒu人rén焉yān,入rù則zé孝xiào,出chū則zé悌tì,守shǒu先xiān王wáng之zhī道dào,以yǐ待dài后hòu之zhī學xué者zhě,而ér不bù得dé食shí于yú子zi。子zi何hé尊zūn梓zǐ匠jiàng輪lún輿yú而ér輕qīng為wèi仁rén義yì者zhě哉zāi?”羨xiàn,延yán面miàn反fǎn。通tōng功gōng易yì事shì,謂wèi通tōng人rén之zhī功gōng而ér交jiāo易yì其qí事shì。羨xiàn,余yú也yě。有yǒu余yú,言yán無wú所suǒ貿mào易yì,而ér積jī于yú無wú用yòng也yě。梓zǐ人rén匠jiàng人rén,木mù工gōng也yě。輪lún人rén輿yú人rén,車chē工gōng也yě。曰yuē:“梓zǐ匠jiàng輪lún輿yú,其qí志zhì將jiāng以yǐ求qiú食shí也yě;君jūn子zǐ之zhī為wèi道dào也yě,其qí志zhì亦yì將jiāng以yǐ求qiú食shí與yǔ?”曰yuē:“子zi何hé以yǐ其qí志zhì為wèi哉zāi?其qí有yǒu功gōng于yú子zi,可kě食shí而ér食shí之zhī矣yǐ。且qiě子zi食shí志zhì乎hū?食shí功gōng乎hū?”曰yuē:“食shí志zhì。”與yǔ,平píng聲shēng。可kě食shí而ér食shí、食shí志zhì食shí功gōng之zhī食shí,皆jiē音yīn嗣sì,下xià同tóng。孟mèng子zi言yán自zì我wǒ而ér言yán,固gù不bù求qiú食shí;自zì彼bǐ而ér言yán,凡fán有yǒu功gōng者zhě則zé當dāng食shí之zhī。曰yuē:“有yǒu人rén于yú此cǐ,毀huǐ瓦wǎ畫huà墁màn,其qí志zhì將jiāng以yǐ求qiú食shí也yě,則zé子zi食shí之zhī乎hū?”曰yuē:“否fǒu。”曰yuē:“然rán則zé子zi非fēi食shí志zhì也yě,食shí功gōng也yě。”墁màn,武wǔ安ān反fǎn。子zi食shí之zhī食shí,亦yì音yīn嗣sì。墁màn,墻qiáng壁bì之zhī飾shì也yě。毀huǐ瓦wǎ畫huà墁màn,言yán無wú功gōng而ér有yǒu害hài也yě。既jì曰yuē食shí功gōng,則zé以yǐ士shì為wèi無wú事shì而ér食shí者zhě,真zhēn尊zūn梓zǐ匠jiàng輪lún輿yú而ér輕qīng為wèi仁rén義yì者zhě矣yǐ。

萬wàn章zhāng問wèn曰yuē:“宋sòng,小xiǎo國guó也yě。今jīn將jiāng行xíng王wáng政zhèng,齊qí楚chǔ惡è而ér伐fá之zhī,則zé如rú之zhī何hé?”惡è,去qù聲shēng。萬wàn章zhāng,孟mèng子zǐ弟dì子zi。宋sòng王wáng偃yǎn嘗cháng滅miè滕téng伐fá薛xuē,敗bài齊qí、楚chǔ、魏wèi之zhī兵bīng,欲yù霸bà天tiān下xià,疑yí即jí此cǐ時shí也yě。孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“湯tāng居jū亳bó,與yǔ葛gé為wèi鄰lín,葛gé伯bó放fàng而ér不bù祀sì。湯tāng使shǐ人rén問wèn之zhī曰yuē:‘何hé為wèi不bù祀sì?’曰yuē:‘無wú以yǐ供gōng犧xī牲shēng也yě。’湯tāng使shǐ遺yí之zhī牛niú羊yáng。葛gé伯bó食shí之zhī,又yòu不bù以yǐ祀sì。湯tāng又yòu使shǐ人rén問wèn之zhī曰yuē:‘何hé為wèi不bù祀sì?’曰yuē:‘無wú以yǐ供gōng粢zī盛shèng也yě。’湯tāng使shǐ亳bó眾zhòng往wǎng為wèi之zhī耕gēng,老lǎo弱ruò饋kuì食shí。葛gé伯bó率lǜ其qí民mín,要yào其qí有yǒu酒jiǔ食shí黍shǔ稻dào者zhě奪duó之zhī,不bù授shòu者zhě殺shā之zhī。有yǒu童tóng子zi以yǐ黍shǔ肉ròu餉xiǎng,殺shā而ér奪duó之zhī。書shū曰yuē:‘葛gé伯bó仇chóu餉xiǎng。’此cǐ之zhī謂wèi也yě。遺yí,唯wéi季jì反fǎn。盛shèng,音yīn成chéng。往wǎng為wèi之zhī為wèi,去qù聲shēng。饋kuì食shí、酒jiǔ食shí之zhī食shí,音yīn嗣sì。要yào,平píng聲shēng。餉xiǎng,式shì亮liàng反fǎn。葛gé,國guó名míng。伯bó,爵jué也yě。放fàng而ér不bù祀sì,放fàng縱zòng無wú道dào,不bù祀sì先xiān祖zǔ也yě。亳bó眾zhòng,湯tāng之zhī民mín。其qí民mín,葛gé民mín也yě。授shòu,與yǔ也yě。餉xiǎng,亦yì饋kuì也yě。書shū商shāng書shū仲zhòng虺huī之zhī誥gào也yě。仇chóu餉xiǎng,言yán與yǔ餉xiǎng者zhě為wèi仇chóu也yě。為wèi其qí殺shā是shì童tóng子zi而ér征zhēng之zhī,四sì海hǎi之zhī內nèi皆jiē曰yuē:‘非fēi富fù天tiān下xià也yě,為wèi匹pǐ夫fū匹pǐ婦fù復fù讎chóu也yě。’為wèi,去qù聲shēng。非fēi富fù天tiān下xià,言yán湯tāng之zhī心xīn,非fēi以yǐ天tiān下xià為wèi富fù而ér欲yù得dé之zhī也yě。‘湯tāng始shǐ征zhēng,自zì葛gé載zài’,十shí一yī征zhēng而ér無wú敵dí于yú天tiān下xià。東dōng面miàn而ér征zhēng,西xī夷yí怨yuàn;南nán面miàn而ér征zhēng,北běi狄dí怨yuàn,曰yuē:‘奚xī為wèi后hòu我wǒ?’民mín之zhī望wàng之zhī,若ruò大dà旱hàn之zhī望wàng雨yǔ也yě。歸guī市shì者zhě弗fú止zhǐ,蕓yún者zhě不bù變biàn,誅zhū其qí君jūn,吊diào其qí民mín,如rú時shí雨yǔ降jiàng。民mín大dà悅yuè。書shū曰yuē:‘徯xī我wǒ后hòu,后hòu來lái其qí無wú罰fá。’載zài,亦yì始shǐ也yě。十shí一yī征zhēng,所suǒ征zhēng十shí一yī國guó也yě。余yú己jǐ見jiàn前qián篇piān。‘有yǒu攸yōu不bù惟wéi臣chén,東dōng征zhēng,綏suī厥jué士shì女nǚ,匪fěi厥jué玄xuán黃huáng,紹shào我wǒ周zhōu王wáng見jiàn休xiū,惟wéi臣chén附fù于yú大dà邑yì周zhōu。’其qí君jūn子zǐ實shí玄xuán黃huáng于yú匪fěi以yǐ迎yíng其qí君jūn子zǐ,其qí小xiǎo人rén簞dān食shí壺hú漿jiāng以yǐ迎yíng其qí小xiǎo人rén,救jiù民mín于yú水shuǐ火huǒ之zhī中zhōng,取qǔ其qí殘cán而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。食shí,音yīn嗣sì。按àn周zhōu書shū武wǔ成chéng篇piān載zài武wǔ王wáng之zhī言yán,孟mèng子zi約yuē其qí文wén如rú此cǐ。然rán其qí辭cí時shí與yǔ今jīn書shū文wén不bù類lèi,今jīn姑gū依yī此cǐ文wén解jiě之zhī。有yǒu所suǒ不bù惟wéi臣chén,謂wèi助zhù紂zhòu為wèi惡è,而ér不bù為wèi周zhōu臣chén者zhě。匪fěi,與yǔ篚fěi同tóng。玄xuán黃huáng,幣bì也yě。紹shào,繼jì也yě,猶yóu言yán事shì也yě。言yán其qí士shì女nǚ以yǐ篚fěi盛shèng玄xuán黃huáng之zhī幣bì,迎yíng武wǔ王wáng而ér事shì之zhī也yě。商shāng人rén而ér曰yuē我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,猶yóu商shāng書shū所suǒ謂wèi我wǒ后hòu也yě。休xiū,美měi也yě。言yán武wǔ王wáng能néng順shùn天tiān休xiū命mìng,而ér事shì之zhī者zhě皆jiē見jiàn休xiū也yě。臣chén附fù,歸guī服fú也yě。孟mèng子zi又yòu釋shì其qí意yì,言yán商shāng人rén聞wén周zhōu師shī之zhī來lái,各gè以yǐ其qí類lèi相xiāng迎yíng者zhě,以yǐ武wǔ王wáng能néng捄jiù民mín于yú水shuǐ火huǒ之zhī中zhōng,取qǔ其qí殘cán民mín者zhě誅zhū之zhī,而ér不bù為wèi暴bào虐nüè耳ěr。君jūn子zǐ,謂wèi在zài位wèi之zhī人rén。小xiǎo人rén,謂wèi細xì民mín也yě。太tài誓shì曰yuē:‘我wǒ武wǔ惟wéi揚yáng,侵qīn于yú之zhī疆jiāng,則zé取qǔ于yú殘cán,殺shā伐fá用yòng張zhāng,于yú湯tāng有yǒu光guāng。’太tài誓shì,周zhōu書shū也yě。今jīn書shū文wén亦yì小xiǎo異yì。言yán武wǔ王wáng威wēi武wǔ奮fèn揚yáng,侵qīn彼bǐ紂zhòu之zhī疆jiāng界jiè,取qǔ其qí殘cán賊zéi,而ér殺shā伐fá之zhī功gōng因yīn以yǐ張zhāng大dà,比bǐ于yú湯tāng之zhī伐fá桀jié又yòu有yǒu光guāng焉yān,引yǐn此cǐ以yǐ證zhèng上shàng文wén取qǔ其qí殘cán之zhī義yì。不bù行xíng王wáng政zhèng云yún爾ěr,茍jì行xíng王wáng政zhèng,四sì海hǎi之zhī內nèi皆jiē舉jǔ首shǒu而ér望wàng之zhī,欲yù以yǐ為wèi君jūn。齊qí楚chǔ雖suī大dà,何hé畏wèi焉yān?”宋sòng實shí不bù能néng行xíng王wáng政zhèng,后hòu果guǒ為wèi齊qí所suǒ滅miè,王wáng偃yǎn走zǒu死sǐ。尹yǐn氏shì曰yuē:“為wèi國guó者zhě能néng自zì治zhì而ér得dé民mín心xīn,則zé天tiān下xià皆jiē將jiāng歸guī往wǎng之zhī,恨hèn其qí征zhēng伐fá之zhī不bù早zǎo也yě。尚shàng何hé強qiáng國guó之zhī足zú畏wèi哉zāi?茍jì不bù自zì治zhì,而ér以yǐ強qiáng弱ruò之zhī勢shì言yán之zhī,是shì可kě畏wèi而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。”

孟mèng子zi謂wèi戴dài不bù勝shèng曰yuē:“子zi欲yù子zi之zhī王wáng之zhī善shàn與yǔ?我wǒ明míng告gào子zi。有yǒu楚chǔ大dà夫fū于yú此cǐ,欲yù其qí子zi之zhī齊qí語yǔ也yě,則zé使shǐ齊qí人rén傅fù諸zhū?使shǐ楚chǔ人rén傅fù諸zhū?”曰yuē:“使shǐ齊qí人rén傅fù之zhī。”曰yuē:“一yī齊qí人rén傅fù之zhī,眾zhòng楚chǔ人rén咻xiū之zhī,雖suī日rì撻tà而ér求qiú其qí齊qí也yě,不bù可kě得dé矣yǐ;引yǐn而ér置zhì之zhī莊zhuāng岳yuè之zhī間jiān數shù年nián,雖suī日rì撻tà而ér求qiú其qí楚chǔ,亦yì不bù可kě得dé矣yǐ。與yǔ,平píng聲shēng。咻xiū,音yīn休xiū。戴dài不bù勝shèng,宋sòng臣chén也yě。齊qí語yǔ,齊qí人rén語yǔ也yě。傅fù,教jiào也yě。咻xiū,讙huān也yě。齊qí,齊qí語yǔ也yě。莊zhuāng岳yuè,齊qí街jiē里lǐ名míng也yě。楚chǔ,楚chǔ語yǔ也yě。此cǐ先xiān設shè譬pì以yǐ曉xiǎo之zhī也yě。子zi謂wèi薛xuē居jū州zhōu,善shàn士shì也yě。使shǐ之zhī居jū于yú王wáng所suǒ。在zài于yú王wáng所suǒ者zhě,長zhǎng幼yòu卑bēi尊zūn,皆jiē薛xuē居jū州zhōu也yě,王wáng誰shuí與yǔ為wèi不bù善shàn?在zài王wáng所suǒ者zhě,長zhǎng幼yòu卑bēi尊zūn,皆jiē非fēi薛xuē居jū州zhōu也yě,王wáng誰shuí與yǔ為wèi善shàn?一yī薛xuē居jū州zhōu,獨dú如rú宋sòng王wáng何hé?”長zhǎng,上shàng聲shēng。居jū州zhōu,亦yì宋sòng臣chén。言yán小xiǎo人rén眾zhòng而ér君jūn子zǐ獨dú,無wú以yǐ成chéng正zhèng君jūn之zhī功gōng。

公gōng孫sūn丑chǒu問wèn曰yuē:“不bù見jiàn諸zhū侯hóu何hé義yì?”孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“古gǔ者zhě不bù為wèi臣chén不bù見jiàn。不bù為wèi臣chén,謂wèi未wèi仕shì于yú其qí國guó者zhě也yě,此cǐ不bù見jiàn諸zhū侯hóu之zhī義yì也yě。段duàn干gàn木mù踰yú垣yuán而ér辟pì之zhī,泄xiè柳liǔ閉bì門mén而ér不bù內nèi,是shì皆jiē已yǐ甚shèn。迫pò,斯sī可kě以yǐ見jiàn矣yǐ。辟pì,去qù聲shēng。內nèi,與yǔ納nà同tóng。段duàn干gàn木mù,魏wèi文wén侯hóu時shí人rén。泄xiè柳liǔ,魯lǔ繆móu公gōng時shí人rén。文wén侯hóu、繆móu公gōng欲yù見jiàn此cǐ二èr人rén,而ér二èr人rén不bù肯kěn見jiàn之zhī,蓋gài未wèi為wèi臣chén也yě。已yǐ甚shèn,過guò甚shèn也yě。迫pò,謂wèi求qiú見jiàn之zhī切qiè也yě。陽yáng貨huò欲yù見jiàn孔kǒng子zi而ér惡è無wú禮lǐ,大dà夫fū有yǒu賜cì于yú士shì,不bù得dé受shòu于yú其qí家jiā,則zé往wǎng拜bài其qí門mén。陽yáng貨huò矙kàn孔kǒng子zi之zhī亡wáng也yě,而ér饋kuì孔kǒng子zi蒸zhēng豚tún;孔kǒng子zi亦yì矙kàn其qí亡wáng也yě,而ér往wǎng拜bài之zhī。當dāng是shì時shí,陽yáng貨huò先xiān,豈qǐ得dé不bù見jiàn?欲yù見jiàn之zhī見jiàn,音yīn現xiàn。惡è,去qù聲shēng。矙kàn,音yīn勘kān。此cǐ又yòu引yǐn孔kǒng子zi之zhī事shì,以yǐ明míng可kě見jiàn之zhī節jié也yě。欲yù見jiàn孔kǒng子zi,欲yù召zhào孔kǒng子zi來lái見jiàn己jǐ也yě。惡è無wú禮lǐ,畏wèi人rén以yǐ己jǐ為wèi無wú禮lǐ也yě。受shòu于yú其qí家jiā,對duì使shǐ人rén拜bài受shòu于yú家jiā也yě。其qí門mén,大dà夫fū之zhī門mén也yě。矙kàn,窺kuī也yě。陽yáng貨huò于yú魯lǔ為wèi大dà夫fū,孔kǒng子zi為wèi士shì,故gù以yǐ此cǐ物wù及jí其qí不bù在zài而ér饋kuì之zhī,欲yù其qí來lái拜bài而ér見jiàn之zhī也yě。先xiān,謂wèi先xiān來lái加jiā禮lǐ也yě。曾céng子zi曰yuē:‘脅xié肩jiān諂chǎn笑xiào,病bìng于yú夏xià畦qí。’子zi路lù曰yuē:‘未wèi同tóng而ér言yán,觀guān其qí色sè赧nǎn赧nǎn然rán,非fēi由yóu之zhī所suǒ知zhī也yě。’由yóu是shì觀guān之zhī,則zé君jūn子zǐ之zhī所suǒ養yǎng可kě知zhī已yǐ矣yǐ。”脅xié,?業yè反fǎn。赧nǎn,奴nú簡jiǎn反fǎn。脅xié肩jiān,竦sǒng體tǐ。諂chǎn笑xiào,強qiáng笑xiào。皆jiē小xiǎo人rén側cè媚mèi之zhī態tài也yě。病bìng,勞láo也yě。夏xià畦qí,夏xià月yuè治zhì畦qí之zhī人rén也yě。言yán為wèi此cǐ者zhě,其qí勞láo過guò于yú夏xià畦qí之zhī人rén也yě。未wèi同tóng而ér言yán,與yǔ人rén未wèi合hé而ér強qiáng與yǔ之zhī言yán也yě。赧nǎn赧nǎn,慚cán而ér面miàn赤chì之zhī貌mào。由yóu,子zi路lù名míng。言yán非fēi己jǐ所suǒ知zhī,甚shèn惡è之zhī之zhī辭cí也yě。孟mèng子zi言yán由yóu此cǐ二èr言yán觀guān之zhī,則zé二èr子zi之zhī所suǒ養yǎng可kě知zhī,必bì不bù肯kěn不bù俟qí其qí禮lǐ之zhī至zhì,而ér輒zhé往wǎng見jiàn之zhī也yě。此cǐ章zhāng言yán圣shèng人rén禮lǐ義yì之zhī中zhōng正zhèng,過guò之zhī者zhě傷shāng于yú迫pò切qiè而ér不bù洪hóng,不bù及jí者zhě淪lún于yú污wū賤jiàn而ér可kě恥chǐ。

戴dài盈yíng之zhī曰yuē:“什shén一yī,去qù關guān市shì之zhī征zhēng,今jīn茲zī未wèi能néng。請qǐng輕qīng之zhī,以yǐ待dài來lái年nián,然rán后hòu已yǐ,何hé如rú?”去qù,上shàng聲shēng。盈yíng之zhī,亦yì宋sòng大dà夫fū也yě。什shén一yī,井jǐng田tián之zhī法fǎ也yě。關guān市shì之zhī征zhēng,商shāng賈jiǎ之zhī稅shuì也yě。已yǐ,止zhǐ也yě。孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“今jīn有yǒu人rén日rì攘rǎng其qí鄰lín之zhī雞jī者zhě,或huò告gào之zhī曰yuē:‘是shì非fēi君jūn子zǐ之zhī道dào。’曰yuē:‘請qǐng損sǔn之zhī,月yuè攘rǎng一yī雞jī,以yǐ待dài來lái年nián,然rán后hòu已yǐ。’攘rǎng,如rú羊yáng反fǎn。攘rǎng,物wù自zì來lái而ér取qǔ之zhī也yě。損sǔn,減jiǎn也yě。如rú知zhī其qí非fēi義yì,斯sī速sù已yǐ矣yǐ,何hé待dài來lái年nián。”知zhī義yì理lǐ之zhī不bù可kě而ér不bù能néng速sù改gǎi。與yǔ月yuè攘rǎng一yī雞jī何hé以yǐ異yì哉zāi?

公gōng都dōu子zi曰yuē:“外wài人rén皆jiē稱chēng夫fū子zǐ好hǎo辯biàn,敢gǎn問wèn何hé也yě?”孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“予yǔ豈qǐ好hǎo辯biàn哉zāi?予yǔ不bù得dé已yǐ也yě。好hǎo,去qù聲shēng,下xià同tóng。天tiān下xià之zhī生shēng久jiǔ矣yǐ,一yī治zhì一yī亂luàn。治zhì,去qù聲shēng。生shēng,謂wèi生shēng民mín也yě。一yī治zhì一yī亂luàn,氣qì化huà盛shèng衰shuāi,人rén事shì得dé失shī,反fǎn復fù相xiāng尋xún,理lǐ之zhī常cháng也yě。當dāng堯yáo之zhī時shí,水shuǐ逆nì行xíng,泛fàn濫làn于yú中zhōng國guó。蛇shé龍lóng居jū之zhī,民mín無wú所suǒ定dìng。下xià者zhě為wèi巢cháo,上shàng者zhě為wèi營yíng窟kū。書shū曰yuē:‘洚jiàng水shuǐ警jǐng余yú。’洚jiàng水shuǐ者zhě,洪hóng水shuǐ也yě。洚jiàng,音yīn降jiàng,又yòu胡hú貢gòng、胡hú工gōng二èr反fǎn。水shuǐ逆nì行xíng,下xià流liú壅yōng塞sè,故gù水shuǐ倒dào流liú而ér旁páng溢yì也yě。下xià,下xià地dì。上shàng,高gāo地dì也yě。營yíng窟kū,穴xué處chù也yě。書shū虞yú書shū大dà禹yǔ謨mó也yě。洚jiàng水shuǐ,洚jiàng洞dòng無wú涯yá之zhī水shuǐ也yě。警jǐng,戒jiè也yě。此cǐ一yī亂luàn也yě。使shǐ禹yǔ治zhì之zhī,禹yǔ掘jué地dì而ér注zhù之zhī海hǎi,驅qū蛇shé龍lóng而ér放fàng之zhī菹jū。水shuǐ由yóu地dì中zhōng行háng,江jiāng、淮huái、河hé、漢hàn是shì也yě。險xiǎn阻zǔ既jì遠yuǎn,鳥niǎo獸shòu之zhī害hài人rén者zhě消xiāo,然rán后hòu人rén得dé平píng土tǔ而ér居jū之zhī。菹jū,側cè魚yú反fǎn。掘jué地dì,掘jué去qù壅yōng塞sè也yě。菹jū,澤zé生shēng草cǎo者zhě也yě。地dì中zhōng,兩liǎng涯yá之zhī間jiān也yě。險xiǎn阻zǔ,謂wèi水shuǐ之zhī泛fàn濫làn也yě。遠yuǎn,去qù也yě。消xiāo,除chú也yě。此cǐ一yī治zhì也yě。堯yáo舜shùn既jì沒méi,圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào衰shuāi。暴bào君jūn代dài作zuò,壞huài宮gōng室shì以yǐ為wèi污wū池chí,民mín無wú所suǒ安ān息xī;棄qì田tián以yǐ為wèi園yuán囿yòu,使shǐ民mín不bù得dé衣yī食shí。邪xié說shuō暴bào行xíng又yòu作zuò,園yuán囿yòu、污wū池chí、沛pèi澤zé多duō而ér禽qín獸shòu至zhì。及jí紂zhòu之zhī身shēn,天tiān下xià又yòu大dà亂luàn。壞huài,音yīn怪guài。行xíng,去qù聲shēng,下xià同tóng。沛pèi,蒲pú內nèi反fǎn。暴bào君jūn,謂wèi夏xià太tài康kāng、孔kǒng甲jiǎ、履lǚ癸guǐ、商shāng武wǔ乙yǐ之zhī類lèi也yě。宮gōng室shì,民mín居jū也yě。沛pèi,草cǎo木mù之zhī所suǒ生shēng也yě。澤zé,水shuǐ所suǒ鐘zhōng也yě。自zì堯yáo舜shùn沒méi至zhì此cǐ,治zhì亂luàn非fēi一yī,及jí紂zhòu而ér又yòu一yī大dà亂luàn也yě。周zhōu公gōng相xiāng武wǔ王wáng,誅zhū紂zhòu伐fá奄yǎn,三sān年nián討tǎo其qí君jūn,驅qū飛fēi廉lián于yú海hǎi隅yú而ér戮lù之zhī。滅miè國guó者zhě五wǔ十shí,驅qū虎hǔ、豹bào、犀xī、象xiàng而ér遠yuǎn之zhī。天tiān下xià大dà悅yuè。書shū曰yuē:‘丕pī顯xiǎn哉zāi,文wén王wáng謨mó!丕pī承chéng哉zāi,武wǔ王wáng烈liè!佑yòu啟qǐ我wǒ后hòu人rén,咸xián以yǐ正zhèng無wú缺quē。’相xiāng,去qù聲shēng。奄yǎn,平píng聲shēng。奄yǎn,東dōng方fāng之zhī國guó,助zhù紂zhòu為wèi虐nüè者zhě也yě。飛fēi廉lián,紂zhòu幸xìng臣chén也yě。五wǔ十shí國guó,皆jiē紂zhòu黨dǎng虐nüè民mín者zhě也yě。書shū周zhōu書shū君jūn牙yá之zhī篇piān。丕pī,大dà也yě。顯xiǎn,明míng也yě。謨mó,謀móu也yě。承chéng,繼jì也yě。烈liè,光guāng也yě。佑yòu,助zhù也yě。啟qǐ,開kāi也yě。缺quē,壞huài也yě。此cǐ一yī治zhì也yě。世shì衰shuāi道dào微wēi,邪xié說shuō暴bào行xíng有yǒu作zuò,臣chén弒shì其qí君jūn者zhě有yǒu之zhī,子zi弒shì其qí父fù者zhě有yǒu之zhī。有yǒu作zuò之zhī有yǒu,讀dú為wèi又yòu,古gǔ字zì通tōng用yòng。此cǐ周zhōu室shì東dōng遷qiān之zhī后hòu,又yòu一yī亂luàn也yě。孔kǒng子zi懼jù,作zuò春chūn秋qiū。春chūn秋qiū,天tiān子zi之zhī事shì也yě。是shì故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:‘知zhī我wǒ者zhě其qí惟wéi春chūn秋qiū乎hū!罪zuì我wǒ者zhě其qí惟wéi春chūn秋qiū乎hū!’胡hú氏shì曰yuē:“仲zhòng尼ní作zuò春chūn秋qiū以yǐ寓yù王wáng法fǎ。惇dūn典diǎn、庸yōng禮lǐ、命mìng德dé、討tǎo罪zuì,其qí大dà要yào皆jiē天tiān子zi之zhī事shì也yě。知zhī孔kǒng子zi者zhě,謂wèi此cǐ書shū之zhī作zuò,遏è人rén欲yù于yú橫héng流liú,存cún天tiān理lǐ于yú既jì滅miè,為wèi后hòu世shì慮lǜ,至zhì深shēn遠yuǎn也yě。罪zuì孔kǒng子zi者zhě,以yǐ謂wèi無wú其qí位wèi而ér托tuō二èr百bǎi四sì十shí二èr年nián南nán面miàn之zhī權quán,使shǐ亂luàn臣chén賊zéi子zi禁jìn其qí欲yù而ér不bù得dé肆sì,則zé戚qī矣yǐ。”愚yú謂wèi孔kǒng子zi作zuò春chūn秋qiū以yǐ討tǎo亂luàn賊zéi,則zé致zhì治zhì之zhī法fǎ垂chuí于yú萬wàn世shì,是shì亦yì一yī治zhì也yě。圣shèng王wáng不bù作zuò,諸zhū侯hóu放fàng恣zì,處chù士shì橫héng議yì,楊yáng朱zhū、墨mò翟dí之zhī言yán盈yíng天tiān下xià。天tiān下xià之zhī言yán,不bù歸guī楊yáng,則zé歸guī墨mò。楊yáng氏shì為wèi我wǒ,是shì無wú君jūn也yě;墨mò氏shì兼jiān愛ài,是shì無wú父fù也yě。無wú父fù無wú君jūn,是shì禽qín獸shòu也yě。公gōng明míng儀yí曰yuē:‘庖páo有yǒu肥féi肉ròu,廄jiù有yǒu肥féi馬mǎ,民mín有yǒu饑jī色sè,野yě有yǒu餓è莩fú,此cǐ率lǜ獸shòu而ér食shí人rén也yě。’楊yáng墨mò之zhī道dào不bù息xī,孔kǒng子zi之zhī道dào不bù著zhù,是shì邪xié說shuō誣wū民mín,充chōng塞sè仁rén義yì也yě。仁rén義yì充chōng塞sè,則zé率lǜ獸shòu食shí人rén,人rén將jiāng相xiāng食shí。橫héng、為wèi,皆jiē去qù聲shēng。莩fú,皮pí表biǎo反fǎn。楊yáng朱zhū但dàn知zhī愛ài身shēn,而ér不bù復fù知zhī有yǒu致zhì身shēn之zhī義yì,故gù無wú君jūn;墨mò子zi愛ài無wú差chà等děng,而ér視shì其qí至zhì親qīn無wú異yì眾zhòng人rén,故gù無wú父fù。無wú父fù無wú君jūn,則zé人rén道dào滅miè絕jué,是shì亦yì禽qín獸shòu而ér已yǐ。公gōng明míng儀yí之zhī言yán,義yì見jiàn首shǒu篇piān。充chōng塞sè仁rén義yì,謂wèi邪xié說shuō遍biàn滿mǎn,妨fáng于yú仁rén義yì也yě。孟mèng子zi引yǐn儀yí之zhī言yán,以yǐ明míng楊yáng墨mò道dào行héng,則zé人rén皆jiē無wú父fù無wú君jūn,以yǐ陷xiàn于yú禽qín獸shòu,而ér大dà亂luàn將jiāng起qǐ,是shì亦yì率lǜ獸shòu食shí人rén而ér人rén又yòu相xiāng食shí也yě。此cǐ又yòu一yī亂luàn也yě。吾wú為wèi此cǐ懼jù,閑xián先xiān圣shèng之zhī道dào,距jù楊yáng墨mò,放fàng淫yín辭cí,邪xié說shuō者zhě不bù得dé作zuò。作zuò于yú其qí心xīn,害hài于yú其qí事shì;作zuò于yú其qí事shì,害hài于yú其qí政zhèng。圣shèng人rén復fù起qǐ,不bù易yì吾wú言yán矣yǐ。為wèi,去qù聲shēng。復fù,扶fú又yòu反fǎn。閑xián,衛wèi也yě。放fàng,驅qū而ér遠yuǎn之zhī也yě。作zuò,起qǐ也yě。事shì,所suǒ行xíng。政zhèng,大dà體tǐ也yě。孟mèng子zi雖suī不bù得dé志zhì于yú時shí,然rán楊yáng墨mò之zhī害hài,自zì是shì滅miè息xī,而ér君jūn臣chén父fù子zǐ之zhī道dào,賴lài以yǐ不bù墜zhuì。是shì亦yì一yī治zhì也yě。程chéng子zi曰yuē:“楊yáng墨mò之zhī害hài,甚shén于yú申shēn韓hán:佛fú氏shì之zhī害hài,甚shén于yú楊yáng墨mò。蓋gài楊yáng氏shì為wèi我wǒ疑yí于yú義yì,墨mò氏shì兼jiān愛ài疑yí于yú仁rén,申shēn韓hán則zé淺qiǎn陋lòu易yì見jiàn。故gù孟mèng子zi止zhǐ辟pì楊yáng墨mò,為wèi其qí惑huò世shì之zhī甚shèn也yě。佛fú氏shì之zhī言yán近jìn理lǐ,又yòu非fēi楊yáng墨mò之zhī比bǐ,所suǒ以yǐ為wèi害hài尤yóu甚shèn。”昔xī者zhě禹yǔ抑yì洪hóng水shuǐ而ér天tiān下xià平píng,周zhōu公gōng兼jiān夷yí狄dí驅qū猛měng獸shòu而ér百bǎi姓xìng寧níng,孔kǒng子zi成chéng春chūn秋qiū而ér亂luàn臣chén賊zéi子zi懼jù。抑yì,止zhǐ也yě。兼jiān,幷bìng之zhī也yě,總zǒng結jié上shàng文wén也yě。詩shī云yún:‘戎róng狄dí是shì膺yīng,荊jīng舒shū是shì懲chéng,則zé莫mò我wǒ敢gǎn承chéng。’無wú父fù無wú君jūn,是shì周zhōu公gōng所suǒ膺yīng也yě。說shuō見jiàn上shàng篇piān。承chéng,當dāng也yě。我wǒ亦yì欲yù正zhèng人rén心xīn,息xī邪xié說shuō,距jù诐bì行xíng,放fàng淫yín辭cí,以yǐ承chéng三sān圣shèng者zhě;豈qǐ好hǎo辯biàn哉zāi?予yǔ不bù得dé已yǐ也yě。行xíng、好hǎo,皆jiē去qù聲shēng。诐bì、淫yín,解jiě見jiàn前qián篇piān。辭cí者zhě,說shuō之zhī詳xiáng也yě。承chéng,繼jì也yě。三sān圣shèng,禹yǔ、周zhōu公gōng、孔kǒng子zi也yě。蓋gài邪xié說shuō橫héng流liú,壞huài人rén心xīn術shù,甚shén于yú洪hóng水shuǐ猛měng獸shòu之zhī災zāi,慘cǎn于yú夷yí狄dí篡cuàn弒shì之zhī禍huò,故gù孟mèng子zi深shēn懼jù而ér力lì救jiù之zhī。再zài言yán豈qǐ好hǎo辯biàn哉zāi,予yǔ不bù得dé已yǐ也yě,所suǒ以yǐ深shēn致zhì意yì焉yān。然rán非fēi知zhī道dào之zhī君jūn子zǐ,孰shú能néng真zhēn知zhī其qí所suǒ以yǐ不bù得dé已yǐ之zhī故gù哉zāi?能néng言yán距jù楊yáng墨mò者zhě,圣shèng人rén之zhī徒tú也yě。”言yán茍jì有yǒu能néng為wèi此cǐ距jù楊yáng墨mò之zhī說shuō者zhě,則zé其qí所suǒ趨qū正zhèng矣yǐ,雖suī未wèi必bì知zhī道dào,是shì亦yì圣shèng人rén之zhī徒tú也yě。孟mèng子zi既jì答dá公gōng都dōu子zi之zhī問wèn,而ér意yì有yǒu未wèi盡jǐn,故gù復fù言yán此cǐ。蓋gài邪xié說shuō害hài正zhèng,人rén人rén得dé而ér攻gōng之zhī,不bù必bì圣shèng賢xián;如rú春chūn秋qiū之zhī法fǎ,亂luàn臣chén賊zéi子zi,人rén人rén得dé而ér討tǎo之zhī,不bù必bì士shì師shī也yě。圣shèng人rén救jiù世shì立lì法fǎ之zhī意yì,其qí切qiè如rú此cǐ。若ruò以yǐ此cǐ意yì推tuī之zhī,則zé不bù能néng攻gōng討tǎo,而ér又yòu唱chàng為wèi不bù必bì攻gōng討tǎo之zhī說shuō者zhě,其qí為wèi邪xié诐bì之zhī徒tú,亂luàn賊zéi之zhī黨dǎng可kě知zhī矣yǐ。尹yǐn氏shì曰yuē:“學xué者zhě于yú是shì非fēi之zhī原yuán,亳bó厘lí有yǒu差chà,則zé害hài流liú于yú生shēng民mín,禍huò及jí于yú后hòu世shì,故gù孟mèng子zi辨biàn邪xié說shuō如rú是shì之zhī嚴yán,而ér自zì以yǐ為wèi承chéng三sān圣shèng之zhī功gōng也yě。當dāng是shì時shí,方fāng且qiě以yǐ好hǎo辯biàn目mù之zhī,是shì以yǐ常cháng人rén之zhī心xīn而ér度dù圣shèng賢xián之zhī心xīn也yě。”

匡kuāng章zhāng曰yuē:“陳chén仲zhòng子zi豈qǐ不bù誠chéng廉lián士shì哉zāi?居jū于yú陵líng,三sān日rì不bù食shí,耳ěr無wú聞wén,目mù無wú見jiàn也yě。井jǐng上shàng有yǒu李lǐ,螬cáo食shí實shí者zhě過guò半bàn矣yǐ,匍pú匐fú往wǎng將jiāng食shí之zhī,三sān咽yàn,然rán后hòu耳ěr有yǒu聞wén,目mù有yǒu見jiàn。”于yú,音yīn烏wū。下xià于yú陵líng同tóng。螬cáo,音yīn曹cáo。咽yàn,音yīn宴yàn。匡kuāng章zhāng、陳chén仲zhòng子zi,皆jiē齊qí人rén也yě。廉lián,有yǒu分fēn辨biàn,不bù茍jì取qǔ也yě。于yú陵líng,地dì名míng。螬cáo,蠐qí螬cáo蟲chóng也yě。匍pú匐fú,言yán無wú力lì不bù能néng行xíng也yě。咽yàn,吞tūn也yě。孟mèng子zi曰yuē:“于yú齊qí國guó之zhī士shì,吾wú必bì以yǐ仲zhòng子zi為wèi巨jù擘bò焉yān。雖suī然rán,仲zhòng子zi惡è能néng廉lián?充chōng仲zhòng子zi之zhī操cāo,則zé蚓yǐn而ér后hòu可kě者zhě也yě。擘bāi,薄báo厄è反fǎn。惡è,平píng聲shēng。蚓yǐn,音yīn引yǐn。巨jù擘bò,大dà指zhǐ也yě。言yán齊qí人rén中zhōng有yǒu仲zhòng子zi,如rú眾zhòng小xiǎo指zhǐ中zhōng有yǒu大dà指zhǐ也yě。充chōng,推tuī而ér滿mǎn之zhī也yě。操cāo,所suǒ守shǒu也yě。蚓yǐn,丘qiū蚓yǐn也yě。言yán仲zhòng子zi未wèi得dé為wèi廉lián也yě,必bì若ruò滿mǎn其qí所suǒ守shǒu之zhī志zhì,則zé惟wéi丘qiū蚓yǐn之zhī無wú求qiú于yú世shì,然rán后hòu可kě以yǐ為wèi廉lián耳ěr。夫fū蚓yǐn,上shàng食shí槁gǎo壤rǎng,下xià飲yǐn黃huáng泉quán。仲zhòng子zi所suǒ居jū之zhī室shì,伯bó夷yí之zhī所suǒ筑zhù與yǔ?抑yì亦yì盜dào跖zhí之zhī所suǒ筑zhù與yǔ?所suǒ食shí之zhī粟sù,伯bó夷yí之zhī所suǒ樹shù與yǔ?抑yì亦yì盜dào跖zhí之zhī所suǒ樹shù與yǔ?是shì未wèi可kě知zhī也yě。”夫fū,音yīn扶fú。與yǔ,平píng聲shēng。槁gǎo壤rǎng,干gàn土tǔ也yě。黃huáng泉quán,濁zhuó水shuǐ也yě。抑yì,發fā語yǔ辭cí也yě。言yán蚓yǐn無wú求qiú于yú人rén而ér自zì足zú,而ér仲zhòng子zi未wèi免miǎn居jū室shì食shí粟sù,若ruò所suǒ從cóng來lái或huò有yǒu非fēi義yì,則zé是shì未wèi能néng如rú蚓yǐn之zhī廉lián也yě。曰yuē:“是shì何hé傷shāng哉zāi?彼bǐ身shēn織zhī屨jù,妻qī辟pì纑lú,以yǐ易yì之zhī也yě。”辟pì,音yīn壁bì。纑lú,音yīn盧lú。辟pì,績jī也yě。纑lú,練liàn麻má也yě。曰yuē:“仲zhòng子zi,齊qí之zhī世shì家jiā也yě。兄xiōng戴dài,蓋gài祿lù萬wàn鐘zhōng。以yǐ兄xiōng之zhī祿lù為wèi不bù義yì之zhī祿lù而ér不bù食shí也yě,以yǐ兄xiōng之zhī室shì為wèi不bù義yì之zhī室shì而ér不bù居jū也yě,辟pì兄xiōng離lí母mǔ,處chù于yú于yú陵líng。他tā日rì歸guī,則zé有yǒu饋kuì其qí兄xiōng生shēng鵝é者zhě,己jǐ頻pín顣cù曰yuē:‘惡è用yòng是shì??者zhě為wèi哉zāi?’他tā日rì,其qí母mǔ殺shā是shì鵝é也yě,與yǔ之zhī食shí之zhī。其qí兄xiōng自zì外wài至zhì,曰yuē:‘是shì**(左zuǒ“鳥niǎo”右yòu“倪ní”之zhī右yòu)之zhī肉ròu也yě。’出chū而ér哇wa之zhī。蓋gài,音yīn合hé。辟pì,音yīn避bì。頻pín,與yǔ顰pín同tóng。顣cù,與yǔ蹙cù同tóng,子zi六liù反fǎn。惡è,平píng聲shēng。*,魚yú一yī反fǎn。哇wa,音yīn蛙wā。世shì家jiā,世shì卿qīng之zhī家jiā。兄xiōng名míng戴dài,食shí采cǎi于yú蓋gài,其qí入rù萬wàn鐘zhōng也yě。歸guī,自zì于yú陵líng歸guī也yě。己jǐ,仲zhòng子zi也yě。**,鵝é聲shēng也yě。頻pín顣cù而ér言yán,以yǐ其qí兄xiōng受shòu饋kuì為wèi不bù義yì也yě。哇wa,吐tǔ之zhī也yě。以yǐ母mǔ則zé不bù食shí,以yǐ妻qī則zé食shí之zhī;以yǐ兄xiōng之zhī室shì則zé弗fú居jū,以yǐ于yú陵líng則zé居jū之zhī。是shì尚shàng為wèi能néng充chōng其qí類lèi也yě乎hū?若ruò仲zhòng子zi者zhě,蚓yǐn而ér后hòu充chōng其qí操cāo者zhě也yě。”言yán仲zhòng子zi以yǐ母mǔ之zhī食shí、兄xiōng之zhī室shì,為wèi不bù義yì而ér不bù食shí不bù居jū,其qí操cāo守shǒu如rú此cǐ。至zhì于yú妻qī所suǒ易yì之zhī粟sù,于yú陵líng所suǒ居jū之zhī室shì,既jì未wèi必bì伯bó夷yí之zhī所suǒ為wèi,則zé亦yì不bù義yì之zhī類lèi耳ěr。今jīn仲zhòng子zi于yú此cǐ則zé不bù食shí不bù居jū,于yú彼bǐ則zé食shí之zhī居jū之zhī,豈qǐ為wèi能néng充chōng滿mǎn其qí操cāo守shǒu之zhī類lèi者zhě乎hū?必bì其qí無wú求qiú自zì足zú,如rú丘qiū蚓yǐn然rán,乃nǎi為wèi能néng滿mǎn其qí志zhì而ér得dé為wèi廉lián耳ěr,然rán豈qǐ人rén之zhī所suǒ可kě為wèi哉zāi?范fàn氏shì曰yuē:“天tiān之zhī所suǒ生shēng,地dì之zhī所suǒ養yǎng,惟wéi人rén為wèi大dà。人rén之zhī所suǒ以yǐ為wèi大dà者zhě,以yǐ其qí有yǒu人rén倫lún也yě。仲zhòng子zi避bì兄xiōng離lí母mǔ,無wú親qīn戚qī君jūn臣chén上shàng下xià,是shì無wú人rén倫lún也yě。豈qǐ有yǒu無wú人rén倫lún而ér可kě以yǐ為wèi廉lián哉zāi?”

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