大dà学xué

大dà学xué之zhī道dào．在zài明míng明míng德dé．在zài亲qīn民mín．在zài止zhǐ于yú至zhì善shàn．知zhī止zhǐ而ér后hòu有yǒu定dìng．定dìng而ér后hòu能néng静jìng．静jìng而ér后hòu能néng安ān．安ān而ér后hòu能néng虑lǜ．虑lǜ而ér后hòu能néng得dé．物wù有yǒu本běn末mò．事shì有yǒu终zhōng始shǐ．知zhī所suǒ先xiān后hòu．则zé近jìn道dào矣yǐ．古gǔ之zhī欲yù明míng明míng德dé于yú天tiān下xià者zhě．先xiān治zhì其qí国guó．欲yù治zhì其qí国guó者zhě．先xiān齐qí其qí家jiā．欲yù齐qí其qí家jiā者zhě．先xiān修xiū其qí身shēn．欲yù修xiū其qí身shēn者zhě．先xiān正zhèng其qí心xīn．欲yù正zhèng其qí心xīn者zhě．先xiān诚chéng其qí意yì．欲yù诚chéng其qí意yì者zhě．先xiān致zhì其qí知zhī．致zhì知zhī在zài格gé物wù．物wù格gé而ér后hòu知zhī至zhì．知zhī至zhì而ér后hòu意yì诚chéng．意yì诚chéng而ér后hòu心xīn正zhèng．心xīn正zhèng而ér后hòu身shēn修xiū．身shēn修xiū而ér后hòu家jiā齐qí．家jiā齐qí而ér后hòu国guó治zhì．国guó治zhì而ér后hòu天tiān下xià平píng．

自zì天tiān子zi以yǐ至zhì于yú庶shù人rén．壹yī是shì皆jiē以yǐ修xiū身shēn为wèi本běn．其qí本běn乱luàn而ér末mò治zhì者zhě否fǒu矣yǐ．其qí所suǒ厚hòu者zhě薄báo．而ér其qí所suǒ薄báo者zhě厚hòu．未wèi之zhī有yǒu也yě．此cǐ谓wèi知zhī本běn．此cǐ谓wèi知zhī之zhī至zhì也yě．

所suǒ谓wèi诚chéng其qí意yì者zhě．毋wú自zì欺qī也yě．如rú恶è恶è臭chòu．如rú好hǎo好hǎo色sè．此cǐ之zhī谓wèi自zì谦qiān．故gù君jūn子zǐ必bì慎shèn其qí独dú也yě．小xiǎo人rén闲xián居jū为wèi不bù善shàn．无wú所suǒ不bù至zhì．见jiàn君jūn子zǐ而ér后hòu厌yàn然rán．揜yǎn其qí不bù善shàn而ér着zhe其qí善shàn．人rén之zhī视shì己jǐ．如rú见jiàn其qí肺fèi肝gān然rán．则zé何hé益yì矣yǐ．此cǐ谓wèi诚chéng于yú中zhōng．形xíng于yú外wài．故gù君jūn子zǐ必bì慎shèn其qí独dú也yě．曾céng子zi曰yuē．十shí目mù所suǒ视shì．十shí手shǒu所suǒ指zhǐ．其qí严yán乎hū．富fù润rùn屋wū．德dé润rùn身shēn．心xīn广guǎng体tǐ胖pán．故gù君jūn子zǐ必bì诚chéng其qí意yì．

诗shī云yún．瞻zhān彼bǐ淇qí澳ào．菉lù竹zhú猗yī猗yī．有yǒu斐fěi君jūn子zǐ．如rú切qiē如rú磋cuō．如rú琢zuó如rú磨mó．瑟sè兮xī僩xiàn兮xī．赫hè兮xī喧xuān兮xī．有yǒu斐fěi君jūn子zǐ．终zhōng不bù可kě諠xuān兮xī．如rú切qiē如rú磋cuō者zhě．道dào学xué也yě．如rú琢zuó如rú磨mó者zhě．自zì修xiū也yě．瑟sè兮xī僩xiàn兮xī者zhě．恂xún栗lì也yě．赫hè兮xī喧xuān兮xī者zhě．威wēi仪yí也yě．有yǒu斐fěi君jūn子zǐ．终zhōng不bù可kě諠xuān兮xī者zhě．道dào盛shèng德dé至zhì善shàn．民mín之zhī不bù能néng忘wàng也yě．诗shī云yún．于yú戏xì前qián王wáng不bù忘wàng．君jūn子zǐ贤xián其qí贤xián．而ér亲qīn其qí亲qīn．小xiǎo人rén乐lè其qí乐lè而ér利lì其qí利lì．此cǐ以yǐ没mò世shì不bù忘wàng也yě．康kāng诰gào曰yuē．克kè明míng德dé．大dà甲jiǎ曰yuē．顾gù諟shì天tiān之zhī明míng命mìng．帝dì典diǎn曰yuē．克kè明míng峻jùn德dé．皆jiē自zì明míng也yě．汤tāng之zhī盘pán铭míng曰yuē．苟gǒu日rì新xīn．日rì日rì新xīn．又yòu日rì新xīn．康kāng诰gào曰yuē．作zuò新xīn民mín．诗shī曰yuē．周zhōu虽suī旧jiù邦bāng．其qí命mìng惟wéi新xīn．是shì故gù君jūn子zǐ无wú所suǒ不bù用yòng其qí极jí．诗shī云yún．邦bāng畿jī千qiān里lǐ．惟wéi民mín所suǒ止zhǐ．诗shī云yún．缗mín蛮mán黄huáng鸟niǎo．止zhǐ于yú丘qiū隅yú．子zi曰yuē．于yú止zhǐ．知zhī其qí所suǒ止zhǐ．可kě以yǐ人rén而ér不bù如rú鸟niǎo乎hū．诗shī云yún．穆mù穆mù文wén王wáng．于yú缉jī熙xī敬jìng止zhǐ．为wéi人rén君jūn止zhǐ于yú仁rén．为wéi人rén臣chén止zhǐ于yú敬jìng．为wéi人rén子zi止zhǐ于yú孝xiào．为wéi人rén父fù止zhǐ于yú慈cí．与yǔ国guó人rén交jiāo止zhǐ于yú信xìn．

子zi曰yuē．听tīng讼sòng吾wú犹yóu人rén也yě．必bì也yě使shǐ无wú讼sòng乎hū．无wú情qíng者zhě不bù得dé尽jǐn其qí辞cí．大dà畏wèi民mín志zhì．此cǐ谓wèi知zhī本běn．

所suǒ谓wèi修xiū身shēn在zài正zhèng其qí心xīn者zhě．身shēn有yǒu所suǒ忿fèn懥zhì．则zé不bù得dé其qí正zhèng．有yǒu所suǒ恐kǒng惧jù．则zé不bù得dé其qí正zhèng．有yǒu所suǒ好hǎo乐lè．则zé不bù得dé其qí正zhèng．有yǒu所suǒ忧yōu患huàn．则zé不bù得dé其qí正zhèng．心xīn不bù在zài焉yān．视shì而ér不bù见jiàn．听tīng而ér不bú闻wén．食shí而ér不bù知zhī其qí味wèi．此cǐ谓wèi修xiū身shēn在zài正zhèng其qí心xīn．

所suǒ谓wèi齐qí其qí家jiā在zài修xiū其qí身shēn者zhě．人rén之zhī其qí所suǒ亲qīn爱ài而ér辟pì焉yān．之zhī其qí所suǒ贱jiàn恶è而ér辟pì焉yān．之zhī其qí所suǒ畏wèi敬jìng而ér辟pì焉yān．之zhī其qí所suǒ哀āi矜jīn而ér辟pì焉yān．之zhī其qí所suǒ敖áo惰duò而ér辟pì焉yān．故gù好hǎo而ér知zhī其qí恶è．恶è而ér知zhī其qí美měi者zhě．天tiān下xià鲜xiān矣yǐ．故gù谚yàn有yǒu之zhī曰yuē．人rén莫mò知zhī其qí子zi之zhī恶è．莫mò知zhī其qí苗miáo之zhī硕shuò．此cǐ谓wèi身shēn不bù修xiū．不bù可kě以yǐ齐qí其qí家jiā．

所suǒ谓wèi治zhì国guó必bì先xiān齐qí其qí家jiā者zhě．其qí家jiā不bù可kě教jiào．而ér能néng教jiào人rén者zhě无wú之zhī．故gù君jūn子zǐ不bù出chū家jiā而ér成chéng教jiào于yú国guó．孝xiào者zhě所suǒ以yǐ事shì君jūn也yě．弟dì者zhě所suǒ以yǐ事shì长zhǎng也yě．慈cí者zhě所suǒ以yǐ使shǐ众zhòng也yě．康kāng诰gào曰yuē．如rú保bǎo赤chì子zi．心xīn诚chéng求qiú之zhī．虽suī不bù中zhōng不bù远yuǎn矣yǐ．未wèi有yǒu学xué养yǎng子zi而ér后hòu嫁jià者zhě也yě．一yī家jiā仁rén．一yī国guó兴xīng仁rén．一yī家jiā让ràng．一yī国guó兴xīng让ràng．一yī人rén贪tān戾lì．一yī国guó作zuò乱luàn．其qí机jī如rú此cǐ．此cǐ谓wèi一yī言yán偾fèn事shì．一yī人rén定dìng国guó．尧yáo舜shùn率lǜ天tiān下xià以yǐ仁rén．而ér民mín从cóng之zhī．桀jié纣zhòu率lǜ天tiān下xià以yǐ暴bào．而ér民mín从cóng之zhī．其qí所suǒ令lìng反fǎn其qí所suǒ好hǎo．而ér民mín不bù从cóng．是shì故gù君jūn子zǐ有yǒu诸zhū己jǐ．而ér后hòu求qiú诸zhū人rén．无wú诸zhū己jǐ．而ér后hòu非fēi诸zhū人rén．所suǒ藏cáng乎hū身shēn不bù恕shù．而ér能néng喻yù诸zhū人rén者zhě．未wèi之zhī有yǒu也yě．故gù治zhì国guó在zài齐qí其qí家jiā．诗shī云yún．桃táo之zhī夭yāo夭yāo．其qí叶yè蓁zhēn蓁zhēn．之zhī子zi于yú归guī．宜yí其qí家jiā人rén．宜yí其qí家jiā人rén．而ér后hòu可kě以yǐ教jiào国guó人rén．诗shī云yún．宜yí兄xiōng宜yí弟dì．宜yí兄xiōng宜yí弟dì．而ér后hòu可kě以yǐ教jiào国guó人rén．诗shī云yún．其qí仪yí不bù忒tè．正zhèng是shì四sì国guó．其qí为wèi父fù子zǐ兄xiōng弟dì足zú法fǎ．而ér后hòu民mín法fǎ之zhī也yě．此cǐ谓wèi治zhì国guó在zài齐qí其qí家jiā．

所suǒ谓wèi平píng天tiān下xià在zài治zhì其qí国guó者zhě．上shàng老lǎo老lǎo而ér民mín兴xīng孝xiào．上shàng长cháng长cháng而ér民mín兴xīng弟dì．上shàng恤xù孤gū而ér民mín不bù倍bèi．是shì以yǐ君jūn子zǐ有yǒu絜jié矩jǔ之zhī道dào也yě．所suǒ恶è于yú上shàng．毋wú以yǐ使shǐ下xià．所suǒ恶è于yú下xià．毋wú以yǐ事shì上shàng．所suǒ恶è于yú前qián．毋wú以yǐ先xiān后hòu．所suǒ恶è于yú后hòu．毋wú以yǐ从cóng前qián．所suǒ恶è于yú右yòu．毋wú以yǐ交jiāo于yú左zuǒ．所suǒ恶è于yú左zuǒ．毋wú以yǐ交jiāo于yú右yòu．此cǐ之zhī谓wèi絜jié矩jǔ之zhī道dào．诗shī云yún．乐lè只zhǐ君jūn子zǐ．民mín之zhī父fù母mǔ．民mín之zhī所suǒ好hǎo好hǎo之zhī．民mín之zhī所suǒ恶è恶è之zhī．此cǐ之zhī谓wèi民mín之zhī父fù母mǔ．诗shī云yún．节jié彼bǐ南nán山shān．维wéi石shí岩yán岩yán．赫hè赫hè师shī尹yǐn．民mín具jù尔ěr瞻zhān．有yǒu国guó者zhě不bù可kě以yǐ不bù慎shèn．辟pì则zé为wèi天tiān下xià僇lù矣yǐ．诗shī云yún．殷yīn之zhī未wèi丧sàng师shī．克kè配pèi上shàng帝dì．仪yí监jiān于yú殷yīn．峻jùn命mìng不bù易yì．道dào得dé众zhòng则zé得dé国guó．失shī众zhòng则zé失shī国guó．是shì故gù君jūn子zǐ先xiān慎shèn乎hū德dé．有yǒu德dé此cǐ有yǒu人rén．有yǒu人rén此cǐ有yǒu土tǔ．有yǒu土tǔ此cǐ有yǒu财cái．有yǒu财cái此cǐ有yǒu用yòng．德dé者zhě本běn也yě．财cái者zhě末mò也yě．外wài本běn内nèi末mò．争zhēng民mín施shī夺duó．是shì故gù财cái聚jù则zé民mín散sàn．财cái散sàn则zé民mín聚jù．是shì故gù言yán悖bèi而ér出chū者zhě．亦yì悖bèi而ér入rù．货huò悖bèi而ér入rù者zhě．亦yì悖bèi而ér出chū．康kāng诰gào曰yuē．惟wéi命mìng不bù于yú常cháng．道dào善shàn则zé得dé之zhī．不bù善shàn则zé失shī之zhī矣yǐ．楚chǔ书shū曰yuē．楚chǔ国guó无wú以yǐ为wéi宝bǎo．惟wéi善shàn以yǐ为wéi宝bǎo．舅jiù犯fàn曰yuē．亡wáng人rén无wú以yǐ为wéi宝bǎo．仁rén亲qīn以yǐ为wéi宝bǎo．秦qín誓shì曰yuē．若ruò有yǒu一yí个gè臣chén．断duàn断duàn兮xī无wú他tā技jì．其qí心xīn休xiū休xiū焉yān．其qí如rú有yǒu容róng焉yān．人rén之zhī有yǒu技jì．若ruò己jǐ有yǒu之zhī．人rén之zhī彦yàn圣shèng．其qí心xīn好hǎo之zhī．不bù啻chì若ruò自zì其qí出chū口kǒu．寔shí能néng容róng之zhī．以yǐ能néng保bǎo我wǒ子zǐ孙sūn黎lí民mín．尚shàng亦yì有yǒu利lì哉zāi．人rén之zhī有yǒu技jì．媢mào嫉jí以yǐ恶è之zhī．人rén之zhī彦yàn圣shèng而ér违wéi之zhī．俾bǐ不bù通tōng．寔shí不bù能néng容róng．以yǐ不bù能néng保bǎo我wǒ子zǐ孙sūn黎lí民mín．亦yì曰yuē殆dài哉zāi．唯wéi仁rén人rén放fàng流liú之zhī．迸bèng诸zhū四sì夷yí．不bù与yǔ同tóng中zhōng国guó．此cǐ谓wèi唯wéi仁rén人rén为wéi能néng爱ài人rén．能néng恶è人rén．见jiàn贤xián而ér不bù能néng举jǔ．举jǔ而ér不bù能néng先xiān．命mìng也yě．见jiàn不bù善shàn而ér不bù能néng退tuì．退tuì而ér不bù能néng远yuǎn．过guò也yě．好hǎo人rén之zhī所suǒ恶è．恶è人rén之zhī所suǒ好hǎo．是shì谓wèi拂fú人rén之zhī性xìng．菑zāi必bì逮dǎi夫fū身shēn．是shì故gù君jūn子zǐ有yǒu大dà道dào．必bì忠zhōng信xìn以yǐ得dé之zhī．骄jiāo泰tài以yǐ失shī之zhī．生shēng财cái有yǒu大dà道dào．生shēng之zhī者zhě众zhòng．食shí之zhī者zhě寡guǎ．为wèi之zhī者zhě疾jí．用yòng之zhī者zhě舒shū．则zé财cái恒héng足zú矣yǐ．仁rén者zhě以yǐ财cái发fā身shēn．不bù仁rén者zhě以yǐ身shēn发fā财cái．未wèi有yǒu上shàng好hǎo仁rén．而ér下xià不bù好hǎo义yì者zhě也yě．未wèi有yǒu好hǎo义yì．其qí事shì不bù终zhōng者zhě也yě．未wèi有yǒu府fǔ库kù财cái．非fēi其qí财cái者zhě也yě．孟mèng献xiàn子zi曰yuē．畜chù马mǎ乘chéng．不bù察chá于yú鸡jī豚tún．伐fá冰bīng之zhī家jiā．不bù畜chù牛niú羊yáng．百bǎi乘chéng之zhī家jiā．不bù畜chù聚jù敛liǎn之zhī臣chén．与yǔ其qí有yǒu聚jù敛liǎn之zhī臣chén．宁níng有yǒu盗dào臣chén．此cǐ谓wèi国guó不bù以yǐ利lì为wèi利lì．以yǐ义yì为wèi利lì也yě．长zhǎng国guó家jiā而ér务wù财cái用yòng者zhě．必bì自zì小xiǎo人rén矣yǐ．彼bǐ为wèi善shàn之zhī．小xiǎo人rén之zhī使shǐ为wèi国guó家jiā．菑zāi害hài并bìng至zhì．虽suī有yǒu善shàn者zhě．亦yì无wú如rú之zhī何hé矣yǐ．此cǐ谓wèi国guó不bù以yǐ利lì为wèi利lì．以yǐ义yì为wèi利lì也yě．