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卷juǎn四sì十shí九jiǔ犽yà及jí魂hún舜shùn泶xué谑xuè

爰yuán盎àng字zì丝sī。其qí父fù楚chǔ人rén也yě,故gù为wèi群qún盗dào,徙xǐ安ān陵líng。高gāo后hòu时shí,盎àng为wèi吕lǚ禄lù舍shě人rén。孝xiào文wén即jí位wèi,盎àng兄xiōng哙kuài任rèn盎àng为wèi郎láng中zhōng。 绛jiàng侯hóu为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,朝cháo罢bà趋qū出chū,意yì得dé甚shèn。上shàng礼lǐ之zhī恭gōng,常cháng目mù送sòng之zhī。盎àng进jìn曰yuē:“丞chéng相xiàng何hé如rú人rén也yě?”上shàng曰yuē:“社shè稷jì臣chén。”盎àng曰yuē:“绛jiàng侯hóu所suǒ谓wèi功gōng臣chén,非fēi社shè稷jì臣chén。社shè稷jì臣chén主zhǔ在zài与yǔ在zài,主zhǔ亡wáng与yǔ亡wáng。方fāng吕lǚ后hòu时shí,诸zhū吕lǚ用yòng事shì,擅shàn相xiāng王wáng,刘liú氏shì不bù绝jué如rú带dài。是shì时shí绛jiàng侯hóu为wèi太tài尉wèi,本běn兵bīng柄bǐng,弗fú能néng正zhèng。吕lǚ后hòu崩bēng,大dà臣chén相xiāng与yǔ共gòng诛zhū诸zhū吕lǚ,太tài尉wèi主zhǔ兵bīng,适shì会huì其qí成chéng功gōng,所suǒ谓wèi功gōng臣chén,非fēi社shè稷jì臣chén。丞chéng相xiàng如rú有yǒu骄jiāo主zhǔ色sè,陛bì下xià谦qiān让ràng,臣chén主zhǔ失shī礼lǐ,窃qiè为wèi陛bì下xià弗fú取qǔ也yě。”后hòu朝cháo,上shàng益yì庄zhuāng,丞chéng相xiàng益yì畏wèi。已yǐ而ér绛jiàng侯hóu望wàng盎àng曰yuē:“吾wú与yǔ汝rǔ兄xiōng善shàn,今jīn兒ér乃nǎi毁huǐ我wǒ!”盎àng遂suì不bù谢xiè。及jí绛jiàng侯hóu就jiù国guó,人rén上shàng书shū告gào以yǐ为wéi反fǎn,征zhēng系xì请qǐng室shì,诸zhū公gōng莫mò敢gǎn为wèi言yán,唯wéi盎àng明míng绛jiàng侯hóu无wú罪zuì。绛jiàng侯hóu得dé释shì,盎àng颇pǒ有yǒu力lì。绛jiàng侯hóu乃nǎi大dà与yǔ盎àng结jié交jiāo。 淮huái南nán厉lì王wáng朝cháo,杀shā辟pì阳yáng侯hóu,居jū处chǔ骄jiāo甚shèn。盎àng谏jiàn曰yuē:“诸zhū侯hóu太tài骄jiāo必bì生shēng患huàn,可kě適shì削xuē地dì。”上shàng弗fú许xǔ。淮huái南nán王wáng益yì横héng。谋móu反fǎn发fā觉jué,上shàng征zhēng淮huái南nán王wáng,迁qiān之zhī蜀shǔ,槛kǎn车chē传chuán送sòng。盎àng时shí为wèi中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,谏jiàn曰yuē:“陛bì下xià素sù骄jiāo之zhī,弗fú稍shāo禁jìn,以yǐ至zhì此cǐ,今jīn又yòu暴bào摧cuī折zhé之zhī。淮huái南nán王wáng为wéi人rén刚gāng,有yǒu如rú遇yù霜shuāng露lù行háng道dào死sǐ,陛bì下xià竟jìng为wèi以yǐ天tiān下xià大dà弗fú能néng容róng,有yǒu杀shā弟dì名míng,奈nài何hé?”上shàng不bù听tīng,遂suì行xíng之zhī。 淮huái南nán王wáng至zhì雍yōng,病bìng死sǐ。闻wén,上shàng辍chuò食shí,哭kū甚shèn哀āi。盎àng入rù,顿dùn首shǒu请qǐng罪zuì。上shàng曰yuē:“以yǐ不bù用yòng公gōng言yán至zhì此cǐ。”盎àng曰yuē:“上shàng自zì宽kuān,此cǐ往wǎng事shì,岂qǐ可kě悔huǐ哉zāi!且qiě陛bì下xià有yǒu高gāo世shì行xíng三sān,此cǐ不bù足zú以yǐ毁huǐ名míng。”上shàng曰yuē:“吾wú高gāo世shì三sān者zhě何hé事shì?”盎àng曰yuē:“陛bì下xià居jū代dài时shí,太tài后hòu尝cháng病bìng,三sān年nián,陛bì下xià不bù交jiāo睫jié解jiě衣yī,汤tāng药yào非fēi陛bì下xià口kǒu所suǒ尝cháng弗fú进jìn。夫fū曾céng参cān以yǐ布bù衣yī犹yóu难nán之zhī,今jīn陛bì下xià亲qīn以yǐ王wáng者zhě修xiū之zhī,过guò曾céng参cān远yuǎn矣yǐ。诸zhū吕lǚ用yòng事shì,大dà臣chén颛zhuān制zhì,然rán陛bì下xià从cóng代dài乘chéng六liù乘chéng传chuán,驰chí不bù测cè渊yuān,虽suī贲bēn、育yù之zhī勇yǒng不bù及jí陛bì下xià。陛bì下xià至zhì代dài邸dǐ,西xī乡xiāng让ràng天tiān子zi者zhě三sān,南nán乡xiāng让ràng天tiān子zi者zhě再zài。夫fū许xǔ由yóu一yī让ràng,陛bì下xià五wǔ以yǐ天tiān下xià让ràng,过guò许xǔ由yóu四sì矣yǐ。且qiě陛bì下xià迁qiān淮huái南nán王wáng,欲yù以yǐ苦kǔ其qí志zhì,使shǐ改gǎi过guò,有yǒu司sī宿sù卫wèi不bù谨jǐn,故gù病bìng死sǐ。”于yú是shì上shàng乃nǎi解jiě,盎àng繇yáo此cǐ名míng重zhòng朝cháo廷tíng。 盎àng常cháng引yǐn大dà体tǐ慷kāng慨kǎi。宦huàn者zhě赵zhào谈tán以yǐ数shù幸xìng,常cháng害hài盎àng,盎àng患huàn之zhī。盎àng兄xiōng子zi种zhǒng为wèi常cháng侍shì骑qí,谏jiàn盎àng曰yuē:“君jūn众zhòng辱rǔ之zhī,后hòu虽suī恶è君jūn,上shàng不bù复fù信xìn。”于yú是shì上shàng朝cháo东dōng宫gōng,赵zhào谈tán骖cān乘chéng,盎àng伏fú车chē前qián曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén天tiān子zi所suǒ与yǔ共gòng六liù尺chǐ舆yú者zhě,皆jiē天tiān下xià豪háo英yīng。今jīn汉hàn虽suī乏fá人rén,陛bì下xià独dú奈nài何hé与yǔ刀dāo锯jù之zhī余yú共gòng载zài!”于yú是shì上shàng笑xiào,下xià赵zhào谈tán。谈tán泣qì下xià车chē。 上shàng从cóng霸bà陵líng上shàng,欲yù西xī驰chí下xià峻jùn阪bǎn,盎àng揽lǎn辔pèi。上shàng曰yuē:“将jiāng军jūn怯qiè邪xié?”盎àng言yán曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén千qiān金jīn之zhī子zi不bù垂chuí堂táng,百bǎi金jīn之zhī子zi不bù骑qí衡héng,圣shèng主zhǔ不bù乘chéng危wēi,不bù侥jiǎo幸xìng。今jīn陛bì下xià聘pìn六liù飞fēi,驰chí不bù测cè山shān,有yǒu如rú马mǎ惊jīng车chē败bài,陛bì下xià纵zòng自zì轻qīng,奈nài高gāo庙miào、太tài后hòu何hé?”上shàng乃nǎi止zhǐ。 上shàng幸xìng上shàng林lín,皇huáng后hòu、慎shèn夫fū人rén从cóng。其qí在zài禁jìn中zhōng,常cháng同tóng坐zuò。及jí坐zuò,郎láng署shǔ长zhǎng布bù席xí,盎àng引yǐn却què慎shèn夫fū人rén坐zuò。慎shèn夫fū人rén怒nù,不bù肯kěn坐zuò。上shàng亦yì起qǐ,起qǐ。盎àng因yīn前qián说shuō曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén尊zūn卑bēi有yǒu序xù则zé上shàng下xià和hé,今jīn陛bì下xià既jì以yǐ立lì后hòu,慎shèn夫fū人rén乃nǎi妾qiè,妾qiè、主zhǔ岂qǐ可kě以yǐ同tóng坐zuò哉zāi!且qiě陛bì下xià幸xìng之zhī,则zé厚hòu赐cì之zhī。陛bì下xià所suǒ以yǐ为wéi慎shèn夫fū人rén,适shì所suǒ以yǐ祸huò之zhī也yě。独dú不bú见jiàn‘人rén豕shǐ’乎hū?”于yú是shì上shàng乃nǎi说shuō,入rù语yǔ慎shèn夫fū人rén。慎shèn夫fū人rén赐cì盎àng金jīn五wǔ十shí斤jīn。 然rán盎àng亦yì以yǐ数shù直zhí谏jiàn,不bù得dé久jiǔ居jū中zhōng。调diào为wèi陇lǒng西xī都dū尉wèi,仁rén爱ài士shì卒zú,士shì卒zú皆jiē争zhēng为wèi死sǐ。迁qiān齐qí相xiāng,徒tú为wèi吴wú相xiāng。辞cí行xíng,种zhǒng谓wèi盎àng曰yuē:“吴wú王wáng骄jiāo日rì久jiǔ,国guó多duō奸jiān,今jīn丝sī欲yù刻kè治zhì,彼bǐ不bù上shàng书shū告gào君jūn,则zé利lì剑jiàn刺cì君jūn矣yǐ。南nán方fāng卑bēi湿shī,丝sī能néng日rì饮yǐn,亡wáng何hé,说shuō王wáng毋wú反fǎn而ér已yǐ。如rú此cǐ幸xìng得de脱tuō。”盎àng用yòng种zhǒng之zhī计jì,吴wú王wáng厚hòu遇yù盎àng。 盎àng告gào归guī,道dào逢féng丞chéng相xiàng申shēn屠tú嘉jiā,下xià车chē拜bài谒yè,丞chéng相xiàng从cóng车chē上shàng谢xiè。盎àng还hái,愧kuì其qí吏lì,乃nǎi之zhī丞chéng相xiàng舍shě上shàng谒yè,求qiú见jiàn丞chéng相xiàng。丞chéng相xiàng良liáng久jiǔ乃nǎi见jiàn。因yīn跪guì曰yuē:“愿yuàn请qǐng间jiān。”丞chéng相xiàng曰yuē:“使shǐ君jūn所suǒ言yán公gōng事shì,之zhī曹cáo与yǔ长zhǎng史shǐ掾yuàn议yì之zhī,吾wú且qiě奏zòu之zhī;则zé私sī,吾wú不bù受shòu私sī语yǔ。”盎àng即jí起qǐ说shuō曰yuē:“君jūn为wèi相xiāng,自zì度dù孰shú与yǔ陈chén平píng、绛jiàng侯hóu?”丞chéng相xiàng曰yuē:“不bù如rú。”盎àng曰yuē:“善shàn,君jūn自zì谓wèi弗fú如rú。夫fū陈chén平píng、绛jiàng侯hóu辅fǔ翼yì高gāo帝dì,定dìng天tiān下xià,为wèi将jiàng相xiàng,而ér诛zhū诸zhū吕lǚ,存cún刘liú氏shì;君jūn乃nǎi为wèi材cái官guān蹶jué张zhāng,迁qiān为wèi队duì帅shuài,积jī功gōng至zhì淮huái阳yáng守shǒu,非fēi有yǒu奇qí计jì攻gōng城chéng野yě战zhàn之zhī功gōng。且qiě陛bì下xià从cóng代dài来lái,每měi朝cháo,郎láng官guān者zhě上shàng书shū疏shū,未wèi尝cháng不bù止zhǐ辇niǎn受shòu。其qí言yán不bù可kě用yòng,置zhì之zhī;言yán可kě采cǎi,未wèi尝cháng不bù称chēng善shàn。何hé也yě?欲yù以yǐ致zhì天tiān下xià贤xián英yīng士shì大dà夫fū,日rì闻wén所suǒ不bù闻wén,以yǐ益yì圣shèng。而ér君jūn自zì闭bì箝qián天tiān下xià之zhī口kǒu,而ér日rì益yì愚yú。夫fū以yǐ圣shèng主zhǔ责zé愚yú相xiāng,君jūn受shòu祸huò不bù久jiǔ矣yǐ。”丞chéng相xiàng乃nǎi再zài拜bài曰yuē:“嘉jiā鄙bǐ人rén,乃nǎi不bù知zhī,将jiāng军jūn幸xìng教jiào。”引yǐn与yǔ入rù坐zuò,为wèi上shàng客kè。 盎àng素sù不bù好hǎo晁cháo错cuò,错cuò所suǒ居jū坐zuò,盎àng辄zhé避bì;盎àng所suǒ居jū坐zuò,错cuò亦yì避bì:两liǎng人rén未wèi尝cháng同tóng堂táng语yǔ。及jí孝xiào景jǐng即jí位wèi,晁cháo错cuò为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,使shǐ吏lì案àn盎àng受shòu吴wú王wáng财cái物wù,抵dǐ罪zuì,诏zhào赦shè以yǐ为wéi庶shù人rén。吴wú、楚chǔ反fǎn闻wén,错cuò谓wèi丞chéng史shǐ曰yuē:“爰yuán盎àng多duō受shòu吴wú王wáng金jīn钱qián,专zhuān为wèi蔽bì匿nì,言yán不bù反fǎn。今jīn果guǒ反fǎn,欲yù请qǐng治zhì盎àng,宜yí知zhī其qí计jì谋móu。”丞chéng史shǐ曰yuē:“事shì未wèi发fā,治zhì之zhī有yǒu绝jué。今jīn兵bīng西xī向xiàng,治zhì之zhī何hé益yì!且qiě盎àng不bù宜yí有yǒu谋móu。”错cuò犹yóu与yǔ未wèi决jué。人rén有yǒu告gào盎àng,盎àng恐kǒng,夜yè见jiàn窦dòu婴yīng,为wèi言yán吴wú所suǒ以yǐ反fǎn,愿yuàn至zhì前qián,口kǒu对duì状zhuàng。婴yīng入rù言yán,上shàng乃nǎi召zhào盎àng。盎àng入rù见jiàn,竟jìng言yán吴wú所suǒ以yǐ反fǎn,独dú急jí斩zhǎn错cuò以yǐ谢xiè吴wú,吴wú可kě罢bà。上shàng拜bài盎àng为wèi泰tài常cháng,窦dòu婴yīng为wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn。两liǎng人rén素sù相xiāng善shàn。是shì时shí,诸zhū陵líng长cháng安ān中zhōng贤xián大dà夫fū争zhēng附fù两liǎng人rén。车chē骑qí随suí者zhě日rì数shù百bǎi乘chéng。 及jí晁cháo错cuò已yǐ诛zhū,盎àng以yǐ泰tài常cháng使shǐ吴wú。吴wú王wáng欲yù使shǐ将jiāng,不bù肯kěn。欲yù杀shā之zhī,使shǐ一yī都dū尉wèi以yǐ五wǔ百bǎi人rén围wéi守shǒu盎àng军jūn中zhōng。初chū,盎àng为wèi吴wú相xiāng时shí,从cóng史shǐ盗dào私sī盎àng侍shì兒ér。盎àng知zhī之zhī,弗fú泄xiè,遇yù之zhī如rú故gù。人rén有yǒu告gào从cóng史shǐ,“君jūn知zhī女nǚ与yǔ侍shì者zhě通tōng”,乃nǎi亡wáng去qù。盎àng驱qū自zì追zhuī之zhī,遂suì以yǐ侍shì者zhě赐cì之zhī,复fù为wèi从cóng史shǐ。及jí盎àng使shǐ吴wú见jiàn守shǒu,从cóng史shǐ适shì在zài守shǒu盎àng校xiào为wèi司sī马mǎ,乃nǎi悉xī以yǐ其qí装zhuāng赍jī买mǎi二èr石shí醇chún醪láo,会huì天tiān寒hán,士shì卒zú饥jī渴kě,饮yǐn醉zuì西xī南nán陬zōu卒zú,卒zú皆jiē卧wò。司sī马mǎ夜yè引yǐn盎àng起qǐ,曰yuē:“君jūn可kě以yǐ去qù矣yǐ,吴wú王wáng期qī旦dàn日rì斩zhǎn君jūn。”盎àng弗fú信xìn,曰yuē:“何hé为wèi者zhě?”司sī马mǎ曰yuē:“臣chén故gù为wèi君jūn从cóng史shǐ盗dào侍shì兒ér者zhě也yě。”盎àng乃nǎi惊jīng,谢xiè曰yuē:“公gōng幸xìng有yǒu亲qīn,吾wú不bù足zú累lèi公gōng。”司sī马mǎ曰yuē:“君jūn疵cī去qù,臣chén亦yì且qiě亡wáng,辟pì吾wú亲qīn,君jūn何hé患huàn!”乃nǎi以yǐ刀dāo决jué帐zhàng,道dào从cóng醉zuì卒zú直zhí出chū。司sī马mǎ与yǔ分fēn背bèi。盎àng解jiě节jié旄máo怀huái之zhī,屐jī步bù行xíng七qī十shí里lǐ,明míng,见jiàn梁liáng骑qí,驰chí去qù,遂suì归guī报bào。 吴wú、楚chǔ已yǐ破pò,上shàng更gèng以yǐ元yuán王wáng子zǐ平píng陆lù侯hóu礼lǐ为wèi楚chǔ王wáng,以yǐ盎àng为wèi楚chǔ相xiāng。尝cháng上shàng书shū,不bù用yòng。盎àng病bìng免miǎn家jiā居jū,与yǔ闾lǘ里lǐ浮fú湛zhàn,相xiāng随suí行xíng斗dòu鸡jī走zǒu狗gǒu。雒luò阳yáng剧jù孟mèng尝cháng过guò盎àng,盎àng善shàn待dài之zhī。安ān陵líng富fù人rén有yǒu谓wèi盎àng曰yuē:“吾wú闻wén剧jù孟mèng博bó徒tú,将jiāng军jūn何hé自zì通tōng之zhī?”盎àng曰yuē:“剧jù孟mèng虽suī博bó徒tú,然rán母mǔ死sǐ,客kè送sòng丧sāng车chē千qiān余yú乘chéng,此cǐ亦yì有yǒu过guò人rén者zhě。且qiě缓huǎn急jí人rén所suǒ有yǒu。夫fū一yí旦dàn叩kòu门mén,不bù以yǐ亲qīn为wéi解jiě,不bù以yǐ在zài亡wáng为wèi辞cí,天tiān下xià所suǒ望wàng者zhě,独dú季jì心xīn、剧jù孟mèng。今jīn公gōng阳yáng从cóng数shù骑qí,一yí旦dàn有yǒu缓huǎn急jí,宁níng足zú恃shì乎hū!”遂suì骂mà富fù人rén,弗fú与yǔ通tōng。诸zhū公gōng闻wén之zhī,皆jiē多duō盎àng。 盎àng虽suī居jū家jiā,景jǐng帝dì时shí时shí使shǐ人rén问wèn筹chóu策cè。梁liáng王wáng欲yù求qiú为wèi嗣sì,盎àng进jìn说shuō,其qí后hòu语yǔ塞sè。梁liáng王wáng以yǐ此cǐ怨yuàn盎àng,使shǐ人rén刺cì盎àng。刺cì者zhě至zhì关guān中zhōng,问wèn盎àng,称chēng之zhī皆jiē不bù容róng口kǒu。乃nǎi见jiàn盎àng曰yuē:“臣chén受shòu梁liáng王wáng金jīn刺cì君jūn,君jūn长zhǎng者zhě,不bù忍rěn刺cì君jūn。然rán后hòu刺cì者zhě十shí余yú曹cáo,备bèi之zhī!”盎àng心xīn不bù乐lè,家jiā多duō怪guài,乃nǎi之zhī棓bàng生shēng所suǒ问wèn占zhàn。还hái,梁liáng刺cì客kè后hòu曹cáo果guǒ遮zhē刺cì杀shā盎àng安ān陵líng郭guō门mén外wài。 晁cháo错cuò,颍yǐng川chuān人rén也yě。学xué申shēn、商shāng刑xíng名míng于yú轵zhǐ张zhāng恢huī生shēng所suǒ,与yǔ雒luò阳yáng宋sòng孟mèng及jí刘liú带dài同tóng师shī。以yǐ文wén学xué为wèi太tài常cháng掌zhǎng故gù。 错cuò为wéi人rén峭qiào直zhí刻kè深shēn。孝xiào文wén时shí,天tiān下xià亡wáng治zhì《尚shàng书shū》者zhě,独dú闻wén齐qí有yǒu伏fú生shēng,故gù秦qín博bó士shì,治zhì《尚shàng书shū》,年nián九jiǔ十shí余yú,老lǎo不bù可kě征zhēng。乃nǎi诏zhào太tài常cháng,使shǐ人rén受shòu之zhī。太tài常cháng遣qiǎn错cuò受shòu《尚shàng书shū》伏fú生shēng所suǒ,还hái,因yīn上shàng书shū称chēng说shuō。诏zhào以yǐ为wéi太tài子zi舍shě人rén,门mén大dà夫fū,迁qiān博bó士shì。又yòu上shàng书shū言yán:“人rén主zhǔ所suǒ以yǐ尊zūn显xiǎn功gōng名míng扬yáng于yú万wàn世shì之zhī后hòu者zhě,以yǐ知zhī术shù数shù也yě。故gù人rén主zhǔ知zhī所suǒ以yǐ临lín制zhì臣chén下xià而ér治zhì其qí众zhòng,则zé群qún臣chén畏wèi服fú矣yǐ;知zhī所suǒ以yǐ听tīng言yán受shòu事shì,则zé不bù欺qī蔽bì矣yǐ;知zhī所suǒ以yǐ安ān利lì万wàn民mín,则zé海hǎi内nèi必bì从cóng矣yǐ;知zhī所suǒ以yǐ忠zhōng孝xiào事shì上shàng,则zé臣chén子zi之zhī行xíng备bèi矣yǐ:此cǐ四sì者zhě,臣chén窃qiè为wèi皇huáng太tài子zi急jí之zhī。人rén臣chén之zhī议yì或huò曰yuē皇huáng太tài子zi亡wáng以yǐ知zhī事shì为wèi也yě,臣chén之zhī愚yú,诚chéng以yǐ为wéi不bù然rán。窃qiè观guān上shàng世shì之zhī君jūn,不bù能néng奉fèng其qí宗zōng庙miào而ér劫jié杀shā于yú其qí臣chén者zhě,皆jiē不bù知zhī术shù数shù者zhě也yě。皇huáng太tài子zi所suǒ读dú书shū多duō矣yǐ,而ér未wèi深shēn知zhī术shù数shù者zhě,不bù问wèn书shū说shuō也yě。夫fū多duō诵sòng而ér不bù知zhī其qí说shuō,所suǒ谓wèi劳láo苦kǔ而ér不bù为wèi功gōng。臣chén窃qiè观guān皇huáng太tài子zi材cái智zhì高gāo奇qí,驭yù射shè技jì艺yì过guò人rén绝jué远yuǎn,然rán于yú术shù数shù未wèi有yǒu所suǒ守shǒu者zhě,以yǐ陛bì下xià为wèi心xīn也yě。窃qiè愿yuàn陛bì下xià幸xìng择zé圣shèng人rén之zhī术shù可kě用yòng今jīn世shì者zhě,以yǐ赐cì皇huáng太tài子zi,因yīn时shí使shǐ太tài子zi陈chén明míng于yú前qián。唯wéi陛bì下xià裁cái察chá。”上shàng善shàn之zhī,于yú是shì拜bài错cuò为wèi太tài子zi家jiā令lìng。以yǐ其qí辩biàn得dé幸xìng太tài子zi,太tài子zi家jiā号hào曰yuē“智zhì囊náng”。 是shì时shí匈xiōng奴nú强qiáng,数shù寇kòu边biān,上shàng发fā兵bīng以yǐ御yù之zhī。错cuò上shàng言yán兵bīng事shì,曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén汉hàn兴xīng以yǐ来lái,胡hú虏lǔ数shù入rù边biān地dì,小xiǎo入rù则zé小xiǎo利lì,大dà入rù则zé大dà利lì;高gāo后hòu时shí再zài入rù陇lǒng西xī,攻gōng城chéng屠tú邑yì,驱qū略lüè畜xù产chǎn;其qí后hòu复fù入rù陇lǒng西xī,杀shā吏lì卒zú,大dà寇kòu盗dào。窃qiè闻wén战zhàn胜shèng之zhī威wēi,民mín气qì百bǎi倍bèi;败bài兵bīng之zhī卒zú,没mò世shì不bù复fù。自zì高gāo后hòu以yǐ来lái,陇lǒng西xī三sān困kùn于yú匈xiōng奴nú矣yǐ,民mín气qì破pò伤shāng,亡wáng有yǒu胜shèng意yì。今jīn兹zī陇lǒng西xī之zhī吏lì,赖lài社shè稷jì之zhī神shén灵líng,奉fèng陛bì下xià之zhī明míng诏zhào,和hé辑jí士shì卒zú,底dǐ厉lì其qí节jié,起qǐ破pò伤shāng之zhī民mín以yǐ当dāng乘chéng胜shèng之zhī匈xiōng奴nú,用yòng少shǎo击jī众zhòng,杀shā一yī王wáng,败bài其qí众zhòng而ér大dà有yǒu利lì。非fēi陇lǒng西xī之zhī民mín有yǒu勇yǒng怯qiè,乃nǎi将jiāng吏lì之zhī制zhì巧qiǎo拙zhuō异yì也yě。故gù兵bīng法fǎ曰yuē:“有yǒu必bì胜shèng之zhī将jiāng,无wú必bì胜shèng之zhī心xīn。”繇yáo此cǐ观guān之zhī,安ān边biān境jìng,立lì功gōng名míng,在zài于yú良liáng将jiàng,不bù可kě不bù择zé也yě。 臣chén又yòu闻wén用yòng兵bīng,临lín战zhàn合hé刃rèn之zhī急jí者zhě三sān:一yī曰yuē得dé地dì形xíng,二èr曰yuē卒zú服fú习xí,三sān曰yuē器qì用yòng利lì。兵bīng法fǎ曰yuē:丈zhàng五wǔ之zhī沟gōu,渐jiàn车chē之zhī水shuǐ,山shān林lín积jī石shí,经jīng川chuān丘qiū阜fù,草cǎo木mù所suǒ在zài,此cǐ步bù兵bīng之zhī地dì也yě,车chē骑qí二èr不bù当dàng一yī。土tǔ山shān丘qiū陵líng,曼màn衍yǎn相xiāng属shǔ,平píng原yuán广guǎng野yě,此cǐ车chē骑qí之zhī地dì,步bù兵bīng十shí不bù当dāng一yī。平píng陵líng相xiāng远yuǎn,川chuān谷gǔ居jū间jiān,仰yǎng高gāo临lín下xià,此cǐ弓gōng弩nǔ之zhī地dì也yě,短duǎn兵bīng百bǎi不bù当dāng一yī。两liǎng陈chén相xiāng近jìn,平píng地dì浅qiǎn草cǎo,可kě前qián可kě后hòu,此cǐ长zhǎng戟jǐ之zhī地dì也yě,剑jiàn楯dùn三sān不bù当dàng一yī。萑huán苇wěi竹zhú萧xiāo,草cǎo木mù蒙méng茏lóng,枝zhī叶yè茂mào接jiē,此cǐ矛máo鋋chán之zhī地dì也yě,长zhǎng戟jǐ二èr不bù当dàng一yī。曲qū道dào相xiāng伏fú,险xiǎn厄è相xiāng薄báo,此cǐ剑jiàn楯dùn之zhī地dì也yě,弓gōng弩nǔ三sān不bù当dàng一yī。士shì不bù选xuǎn练liàn,卒zú不bù服fú习xí,起qǐ居jū不bù精jīng,动dòng静jìng不bù集jí,趋qū利lì弗fú及jí,避bì难nàn不bù毕bì,前qián击jī后hòu解jiě,与yǔ金jīn鼓gǔ之zhī指zhǐ相xiāng失shī,此cǐ不bù习xí勤qín卒zú之zhī过guò也yě,百bǎi不bù当dàng十shí。兵bīng不bù完wán利lì,与yǔ空kōng手shǒu同tóng;甲jiǎ不bù坚jiān密mì,与yǔ袒tǎn裼tì同tóng;弩nǔ不bù可kě以yǐ及jí远yuǎn,与yǔ短duǎn兵bīng同tóng;射shè不bù能néng中zhōng,与yǔ亡wáng矢shǐ同tóng;中zhōng不bù能néng入rù,与yǔ亡wáng镞zú同tóng:此cǐ将jiāng不bù省shěng兵bīng之zhī祸huò也yě,五wǔ不bù当dàng一yī。故gù兵bīng法fǎ曰yuē:“器qì械xiè不bù利lì,以yǐ其qí卒zú予yǔ敌dí也yě;卒zú不bù可kě用yòng,以yǐ其qí将jiāng予yǔ敌dí也yě;将jiāng不bù知zhī兵bīng,以yǐ其qí主zhǔ矛máo敌dí也yě;君jūn不bù择zé将jiāng,以yǐ其qí国guó予yǔ敌dí也yě。四sì者zhě,兵bīng之zhī至zhì要yào也yě。 臣chén又yòu闻wén小xiǎo大dà异yì形xíng,强qiáng弱ruò异yì势shì,险xiǎn易yì异yì备bèi。夫fū卑bēi身shēn以yǐ事shì强qiáng,小xiǎo国guó之zhī形xíng也yě;合hé小xiǎo以yǐ攻gōng大dà,敌dí国guó之zhī形xíng也yě;以yǐ蛮mán夷yí攻gōng蛮mán夷yí,中zhōng国guó之zhī形xíng也yě。今jīn匈xiōng奴nú地dì形xíng、技jì艺yì与yǔ中zhōng国guó异yì。上shàng下xià山shān阪bǎn,出chū入rù溪xī涧jiàn,中zhōng国guó之zhī马mǎ弗fú与yǔ也yě;险xiǎn道dào倾qīng仄zè,且qiě驰chí且qiě射shè,中zhōng国guó之zhī骑qí弗fú与yǔ也yě;风fēng雨yǔ罢bà劳láo,饥jī渴kě不bù困kùn,中zhōng国guó之zhī人rén弗fú与yǔ也yě:此cǐ匈xiōng奴nú之zhī长zhǎng技jì也yě。若ruò夫fú平píng原yuán易yì地dì,轻qīng车chē突tū骑qí,则zé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī众zhòng易yì挠náo乱luàn也yě;劲jìn弩nǔ长zhǎng戟jǐ,射shè疏shū及jí远yuǎn,则zé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī弓gōng弗fú能néng格gé也yě;坚jiān甲jiǎ利lì刃rèn,长cháng短duǎn相xiāng杂zá,游yóu弩nǔ往wǎng来lái,什shén伍wǔ俱jù前qián,则zé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī兵bīng弗fú能néng当dāng也yě;材cái官guān驺zōu发fā,矢shǐ道dào同tóng的de,则zé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī革gé笥sì木mù荐jiàn弗fú能néng支zhī也yě;下xià马mǎ地dì斗dòu,剑jiàn戟jǐ相xiāng接jiē,去qù就jiù相xiāng薄báo,则zé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī足zú弗fú能néng给gěi也yě:此cǐ中zhōng国guó之zhī长zhǎng技jì也yě。以yǐ此cǐ观guān之zhī,匈xiōng奴nú之zhī长zhǎng技jì三sān,中zhōng国guó之zhī长zhǎng技jì五wǔ。陛bì下xià又yòu兴xīng数shù十shí万wàn之zhī众zhòng,以yǐ诛zhū数shù万wàn之zhī匈xiōng奴nú,众zhòng寡guǎ之zhī计jì,以yǐ一yī击jī十shí之zhī术shù也yě。 虽suī然rán,兵bīng,匈xiōng器qì;战zhàn,危wēi事shì也yě。以yǐ大dà为wèi小xiǎo,以yǐ强qiáng为wèi弱ruò,在zài俯fǔ卬áng之zhī间jiān耳ěr。夫fū以yǐ人rén之zhī死sǐ争zhēng胜shèng,跌diē而ér不bù振zhèn,则zé悔huǐ之zhī亡wáng及jí也yě。帝dì王wáng之zhī道dào,出chū于yú万wàn全quán。今jīn降jiàng胡hú义yì渠qú蛮mán夷yí之zhī属shǔ来lái归guī谊yì者zhě,其qí众zhòng数shù千qiān,饮yǐn食shí长zhǎng技jì与yǔ匈xiōng奴nú同tóng,可kě赐cì之zhī坚jiān甲jiǎ絮xù衣yī,劲jìn弓gōng利lì矢shǐ,益yì以yǐ边biān郡jùn之zhī良liáng骑qí。令lìng明míng将jiāng能néng知zhī其qí习xí俗sú和hé辑jí其qí心xīn者zhě,以yǐ陛bì下xià之zhī明míng约yuē将jiāng之zhī。即jí有yǒu险xiǎn阻zǔ,以yǐ此cǐ当dāng之zhī;平píng地dì通tōng道dào,则zé以yǐ轻qīng车chē材cái官guān制zhì之zhī。两liǎng军jūn相xiāng为wèi表biǎo里lǐ,各gè用yòng其qí长zhǎng技jì,衡héng加jiā之zhī以yǐ众zhòng,此cǐ万wàn全quán之zhī术shù也yě。 传chuán曰yuē:“狂kuáng夫fū之zhī言yán,而ér明míng主zhǔ择zé焉yān。”臣chén错cuò愚yú陋lòu,昧mèi死sǐ上shàng狂kuáng言yán,唯wéi陛bì下xià财cái择zé。 文wén帝dì嘉jiā之zhī,乃nǎi赐cì错cuò玺xǐ书shū宠chǒng答dá焉yān,曰yuē:“皇huáng帝dì问wèn太tài子zi家jiā令lìng:上shàng书shū言yán兵bīng体tǐ三sān章zhāng,闻wén之zhī。书shū言yán‘狂kuáng夫fū之zhī言yán,而ér明míng主zhǔ择zé焉yān’。今jīn则zé不bù然rán。言yán者zhě不bù狂kuáng,而ér择zé者zhě不bù明míng,国guó之zhī大dà患huàn,故gù在zài于yú此cǐ。使shǐ夫fū不bù明míng择zé于yú不bù狂kuáng,是shì以yǐ万wàn听tīng而ér万wàn不bù当dàng也yě。” 错cuò复fù言yán守shǒu边biān备bèi塞sāi、劝quàn农nóng力lì本běn,当dāng世shì急jí务wù二èr事shì,曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén秦qín时shí北běi攻gōng胡hú貉háo,筑zhù塞sāi河hé上shàng,南nán攻gōng杨yáng粤yuè,置zhì戍shù卒zú焉yān。其qí起qǐ兵bīng而ér攻gōng胡hú、粤yuè者zhě,非fēi以yǐ卫wèi边biān地dì而ér救jiù民mín死sǐ也yě,贪tān戾lì而ér欲yù广guǎng大dà也yě,故gù功gōng未wèi立lì而ér天tiān下xià乱luàn。且qiě夫fū起qǐ兵bīng而ér不bù知zhī其qí势shì,战zhàn则zé为wéi人rén禽qín,屯tún则zé卒zú积jī死sǐ。夫fū胡hú貉háo之zhī地dì,积jī阴yīn之zhī处chù也yě,木mù皮pí三sān寸cùn,冰bīng厚hòu六liù尺chǐ,食shí肉ròu而ér饮yǐn酪lào,其qí人rén密mì理lǐ,鸟niǎo兽shòu毳cuì毛máo,其qí性xìng能néng寒hán。杨yáng粤yuè之zhī地dì少shǎo阴yīn多duō阳yáng,其qí人rén疏shū理lǐ,鸟niǎo兽shòu希xī毛máo,其qí性xìng能néng暑shǔ。秦qín之zhī戍shù卒zú不bù能néng其qí水shuǐ土tǔ,戍shù者zhě死sǐ于yú边biān,输shū者zhě偾fèn于yú道dào。秦qín民mín见jiàn行xíng,如rú往wǎng弃qì市shì,因yīn以yǐ谪zhé发fā之zhī,名míng曰yuē“谪zhé戍shù”。先xiān发fā吏lì有yǒu谪zhé及jí赘zhuì婿xù、贾gǔ人rén,后hòu以yǐ尝cháng有yǒu市shì籍jí者zhě,又yòu后hòu以yǐ大dà父fù母mǔ、父fù母mǔ尝cháng有yǒu市shì籍jí者zhě,后hòu入rù闾lǘ,取qǔ其qí左zuǒ。发fā之zhī不bù顺shùn,行xíng者zhě深shēn恐kǒng,有yǒu背bèi畔pàn之zhī心xīn。凡fán民mín守shǒu战zhàn至zhì死sǐ而ér不bù降jiàng北běi者zhě,以yǐ计jì为wèi之zhī也yě。故gù战zhàn胜shèng守shǒu固gù则zé有yǒu拜bài爵jué之zhī赏shǎng,攻gōng城chéng屠tú邑yì则zé得dé其qí财cái卤lǔ以yǐ富fù家jiā室shì,故gù能néng使shǐ其qí众zhòng蒙méng矢shǐ石shí,赴fù汤tāng火huǒ,视shì死sǐ如rú生shēng。今jīn秦qín之zhī发fā卒zú也yě,有yǒu万wàn死sǐ之zhī害hài,而ér亡wáng铢zhū两liǎng之zhī报bào,死sǐ事shì之zhī后hòu不bù得dé一yī算suàn之zhī复fù,天tiān下xià明míng知zhī祸huò烈liè及jí已yǐ也yě。陈chén胜shèng行xíng戍shù,至zhì于yú大dà泽zé,为wèi天tiān下xià先xiān倡chàng,天tiān下xià从cóng之zhī如rú流liú水shuǐ者zhě,秦qín以yǐ威wēi劫jié而ér行xíng之zhī之zhī敝bì也yě。 胡hú人rén衣yī食shí之zhī业yè不bù著zhù于yú地dì,其qí势shì易yì以yǐ扰rǎo乱luàn边biān境jìng。何hé以yǐ明míng之zhī?胡hú人rén食shí肉ròu饮yǐn酪lào,衣yī皮pí毛máo,非fēi有yǒu城chéng郭guō田tián宅zhái之zhī归guī居jū,如rú飞fēi鸟niǎo走zǒu兽shòu于yú广guǎng野yě,美měi草cǎo甘gān水shuǐ则zé止zhǐ,草cǎo尽jǐn水shuǐ竭jié则zé移yí。以yǐ是shì观guān之zhī,往wǎng来lái转zhuǎn徙xǐ,时shí至zhì时shí去qù,此cǐ胡hú人rén之zhī生shēng业yè,而ér中zhōng国guó之zhī所suǒ以yǐ离lí南nán亩mǔ也yě。今jīn使shǐ胡hú人rén数shù处chù转zhuǎn牧mù行xíng猎liè于yú塞sāi下xià,或huò当dāng燕yàn、代dài,或huò当dāng上shàng郡jùn、北běi地dì、陇lǒng西xī,以yǐ候hòu备bèi塞sāi之zhī卒zú,卒zú少shǎo则zé入rù。陛bì下xià不bù救jiù,则zé边biān民mín绝jué望wàng而ér有yǒu降jiàng敌dí之zhī心xīn;救jiù之zhī,少shǎo发fā则zé不bù足zú,多duō发fā,远yuǎn县xiàn才cái至zhì,则zé胡hú又yòu已yǐ去qù。聚jù而ér不bù罢bà,为wèi费fèi甚shèn大dà;罢bà之zhī,则zé胡hú复fù入rù。如rú此cǐ连lián年nián,则zé中zhōng国guó贫pín苦kǔ而ér民mín不bù安ān矣yǐ。 陛bì下xià幸xìng忧yōu边biān境jìng,遣qiǎn将jiāng吏lì发fā卒zú以yǐ治zhì塞sāi,甚shèn大dà惠huì也yě。然rán令lìng远yuǎn方fāng之zhī卒zú守shǒu塞sāi,一yī岁suì而ér更gèng,不bù知zhī胡hú人rén之zhī能néng,不bù如rú选xuǎn常cháng居jū者zhě,家jiā室shì田tián作zuò,且qiě以yǐ备bèi之zhī。以yǐ便biàn为wèi之zhī高gāo城chéng深shēn堑qiàn,具jù蔺lìn石shí,布bù渠qú答dá,复fù为wèi一yī城chéng其qí内nèi,城chéng间jiān百bǎi五wǔ十shí岁suì。要yào害hài之zhī处chù,通tōng川chuān之zhī道dào,调diào立lì城chéng邑yì,毋wú下xià千qiān家jiā,为wèi中zhōng周zhōu虎hǔ落luò。先xiān为wèi室shì屋wū,具jù田tián器qì,乃nǎi募mù罪zuì人rén及jí免miǎn徒tú复fù作zuò令lìng居jū之zhī;不bù足zú,募mù以yǐ丁dīng奴nú婢bì赎shú罪zuì及jí输shū奴nú婢bì欲yù以yǐ拜bài爵jué者zhě;不bù足zú,乃nǎi募mù民mín之zhī欲yù往wǎng者zhě。皆jiē赐cì高gāo爵jué,复fù其qí家jiā。予yǔ冬dōng夏xià衣yī,廪lǐn食shí,能néng自zì给jǐ而ér止zhǐ。郡jùn县xiàn之zhī民mín得dé买mǎi其qí爵jué,以yǐ自zì增zēng至zhì卿qīng。其qí亡wáng夫fū若ruò妻qī者zhě,县xiàn官guān买mǎi与yǔ之zhī。人rén情qíng非fēi有yǒu匹pǐ敌dí,不bù能néng久jiǔ安ān其qí处chù。塞sāi下xià之zhī民mín,禄lù利lì不bù厚hòu,不bù可kě使shǐ久jiǔ居jū危wēi难nàn之zhī地dì。胡hú人rén入rù驱qū而ér能néng止zhǐ其qí所suǒ驱qū者zhě,以yǐ其qí半bàn予yǔ之zhī,县xiàn官guān为wèi赎shú其qí民mín。如rú是shì,则zé邑yì里lǐ相xiāng救jiù助zhù,赴fù胡hú不bù避bì死sǐ。非fēi以yǐ德dé上shàng也yě,欲yù全quán亲qīn戚qī而ér利lì其qí财cái也yě。此cǐ与yǔ东dōng方fāng之zhī戍shù卒zú不bù习xí地dì势shì而ér心xīn畏wèi胡hú者zhě,功gōng相xiāng万wàn也yě。以yǐ陛bì下xià之zhī时shí,徙xǐ民mín实shí边biān,使shǐ远yuǎn方fāng亡wáng屯tún戍shù之zhī事shì,塞sāi下xià之zhī民mín父fù子zǐ相xiāng保bǎo,亡wáng系xì虏lǔ之zhī患huàn,利lì施shī后hòu世shì,名míng称chēng圣shèng明míng,其qí与yǔ秦qín之zhī行xíng怨yuàn民mín,相xiāng去qù远yuǎn矣yǐ。 上shàng从cóng其qí言yán,募mù民mín徙xǐ塞sāi下xià。错cuò复fù言yán: 陛bì下xià幸xìng募mù民mín相xiāng徒tú以yǐ实shí塞sāi下xià,使shǐ屯tún戍shù之zhī事shì益yì省shěng,输shū将jiāng之zhī费fèi益yì寡guǎ,甚shèn大dà惠huì也yě。下xià吏lì诚chéng能néng称chēng厚hòu惠huì,奉fèng明míng法fǎ,存cún恤xù所suǒ徙xǐ之zhī老lǎo弱ruò,善shàn遇yù其qí壮zhuàng士shì,和hé辑jí其qí心xīn而ér勿wù侵qīn刻kè,使shǐ先xiān至zhì者zhě安ān乐lè而ér不bù思sī故gù乡xiāng,则zé贫pín民mín相xiāng募mù而ér劝quàn往wǎng矣yǐ。臣chén闻wén古gǔ之zhī徙xǐ远yuǎn方fāng以yǐ实shí广guǎng虚xū也yě,相xiāng其qí阴yīn阳yáng之zhī和hé,尝cháng其qí水shuǐ泉quán之zhī味wèi,审shěn其qí土tǔ地dì之zhī宜yí,观guān其qí草cǎo木mù之zhī饶ráo,然rán后hòu营yíng邑yì立lì城chéng,制zhì里lǐ割gē宅zhái,通tōng田tián作zuò之zhī道dào,正zhèng阡qiān陌mò之zhī界jiè,先xiān为wèi筑zhù室shì,家jiā有yǒu一yī堂táng二èr内nèi,门mén户hù之zhī闭bì,置zhì器qì物wù焉yān,民mín至zhì有yǒu所suǒ居jū,作zuò有yǒu所suǒ用yòng,此cǐ民mín所suǒ以yǐ轻qīng去qù故gù乡xiāng而ér劝quàn之zhī新xīn邑yì也yě。为wèi置zhì医yī巫wū,以yǐ救jiù疾jí病bìng,以yǐ修xiū祭jì祀sì,男nán女nǚ有yǒu昏hūn,生shēng死sǐ相xiāng恤xù,坟fén墓mù相xiāng从cóng,种zhòng树shù畜chù长zhǎng,室shì屋wū完wán安ān,此cǐ所suǒ以yǐ使shǐ民mín乐yuè其qí处chù而ér有yǒu长zhǎng居jū之zhī心xīn也yě。 臣chén又yòu闻wén古gǔ之zhī制zhì边biān县xiàn以yǐ备bèi敌dí也yě,使shǐ五wǔ家jiā为wéi伍wǔ,伍wǔ有yǒu长zhǎng;十shí长zhǎng一yī里lǐ,里lǐ有yǒu假jiǎ士shì;四sì里lǐ一yī连lián,连lián有yǒu假jiǎ五wǔ百bǎi;十shí连lián一yī邑yì,邑yì有yǒu假jiǎ候hòu:皆jiē择zé其qí邑yì之zhī贤xián材cái有yǒu护hù,习xí地dì形xíng知zhī民mín心xīn者zhě,居jū则zé习xí民mín于yú射shè法fǎ,出chū则zé教jiào民mín于yú应yìng敌dí。故gù卒zú伍wǔ成chéng于yú内nèi,则zé军jūn正zhèng定dìng于yú外wài。服fú习xí以yǐ成chéng,勿wù令lìng迁qiān徙xǐ,幼yòu则zé同tóng游yóu,长zhǎng则zé共gòng事shì。夜yè战zhàn声shēng相xiāng知zhī,则zé足zú以yǐ相xiāng救jiù,昼zhòu战zhàn目mù相xiāng见jiàn,则zé足zú以yǐ相xiāng识shí,欢huān爱ài之zhī心xīn,足zú以yǐ相xiāng死sǐ。如rú此cǐ而ér劝quàn以yǐ厚hòu赏shǎng,威wēi以yǐ重zhòng罚fá,则zé前qián死sǐ不bù还hái踵zhǒng矣yǐ。所suǒ徙xǐ之zhī民mín非fēi壮zhuàng有yǒu材cái力lì,但dàn费fèi衣yī粮liáng,不bù可kě用yòng也yě;虽suī有yǒu材cái力lì,不bù得dé良liáng吏lì,犹yóu亡wáng功gōng也yě。 陛bì下xià绝jué匈xiōng奴nú不bù与yǔ和hé亲qīn,臣chén窃qiè意yì其qí冬dōng来lái南nán也yě,壹yī大dà治zhì,则zé终zhōng身shēn创chuàng矣yǐ。欲yù立lì威wēi者zhě,始shǐ于yú折zhé胶jiāo,来lái而ér不bù能néng困kùn,使shǐ得de气qì去qù,后hòu未wèi易yì服fú也yě。愚yú臣chén亡wáng识shí,唯wéi陛bì下xià财cái察chá。 后hòu诏zhào有yǒu司sī举jǔ贤xián良liáng文wén学xué士shì,错cuò在zài选xuǎn中zhōng。上shàng亲qīn策cè诏zhào之zhī,曰yuē: 惟wéi十shí有yǒu五wǔ年nián九jiǔ月yuè壬rén子zi,皇huáng帝dì曰yuē:“昔xī者zhě大dà禹yǔ勤qín求qiú贤xián士shì,施shī及jí方fāng外wài,四sì极jí之zhī内nèi,舟zhōu车chē所suǒ至zhì,人rén迹jì所suǒ及jí,靡mí不bù闻wén命mìng,以yǐ辅fǔ其qí不bù逮dǎi;近jìn者zhě献xiàn其qí明míng,远yuǎn者zhě通tōng厥jué聪cōng,比bǐ善shàn戮lù力lì,以yǐ翼yì天tiān子zi。是shì以yǐ大dà禹yǔ能néng亡wáng失shī德dé,夏xià以yǐ长zhǎng楙mào。高gāo皇huáng帝dì亲qīn除chú大dà害hài,去qù乱luàn从cóng,并bìng建jiàn豪háo英yīng,以yǐ为wéi官guān师shī,为wèi谏jiàn争zhēng,辅fǔ天tiān子zi之zhī阙quē,而ér翼yì戴dài汉hàn宗zōng也yě。赖lài天tiān之zhī灵líng,宗zōng庙miào之zhī福fú,方fāng内nèi以yǐ安ān,泽zé及jí四sì夷yí。今jīn朕zhèn获huò执zhí天tiān子zi之zhī正zhèng,以yǐ承chéng宗zōng庙miào之zhī祀sì,朕zhèn既jì不bù德dé,又yòu不bù敏mǐn,明míng弗fú能néng烛zhú,而ér智zhì不bù能néng治zhì,此cǐ大dà夫fū之zhī所suǒ著zhù闻wén也yě。故gù诏zhào有yǒu司sī、诸zhū侯hóu王wáng、三sān公gōng、九jiǔ卿qīng及jí主zhǔ郡jùn吏lì,各gè帅shuài其qí志zhì,以yǐ选xuǎn贤xián良liáng明míng于yú国guó家jiā之zhī大dà体tǐ,通tōng于yú人rén事shì之zhī终zhōng始shǐ,及jí能néng直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn者zhě,各gè有yǒu人rén数shù,将jiāng以yǐ匡kuāng朕zhèn之zhī不bù逮dǎi。二èr三sān大dà夫fū之zhī行háng当dāng此cǐ三sān道dào,朕zhèn甚shèn嘉jiā之zhī,故gù登dēng大dà夫fū于yú朝cháo,亲qīn谕yù朕zhèn志zhì。大dà夫fū其qí上shàng三sān道dào之zhī要yào,及jí永yǒng惟wéi朕zhèn之zhī不bù德dé,吏lì之zhī不bù平píng,政zhèng之zhī不bù宣xuān,民mín之zhī不bù宁níng,四sì者zhě之zhī阙quē,悉xī陈chén其qí志zhì,毋wú有yǒu所suǒ隐yǐn。上shàng以yǐ荐jiàn先xiān帝dì之zhī宗zōng庙miào,下xià以yǐ兴xīng愚yú民mín之zhī休xiū利lì,著zhù之zhī于yú篇piān,朕zhèn亲qīn览lǎn焉yān,观guān大dà夫fū所suǒ以yǐ佐zuǒ朕zhèn,至zhì与yǔ不bù至zhì。书shū之zhī,周zhōu之zhī密mì之zhī,重zhòng之zhī闭bì之zhī。兴xīng自zì朕zhèn躬gōng,大dà夫fū其qí正zhèng论lùn,毋wú枉wǎng执zhí事shì。乌wū乎hū,戒jiè之zhī!二èr三sān大dà夫fū其qí帅shuài志zhì毋wú怠dài!” 错cuò对duì曰yuē: 平píng阳yáng侯hóu臣chén窋zhú、汝rǔ阴yīn侯hóu臣chén灶zào、颍yǐng阴yīn侯hóu臣chén何hé、廷tíng尉wèi臣chén宜yí昌chāng、陇lǒng西xī太tài守shǒu臣chén昆kūn邪xié所suǒ选xuǎn贤xián良liáng太tài子zi家jiā令lìng臣chén错cuò昧mèi死sǐ再zài拜bài言yán:臣chén窃qiè闻wén古gǔ之zhī贤xián主zhǔ莫mò不bù求qiú贤xián以yǐ为wéi辅fǔ翼yì,故gù黄huáng帝dì得dé力lì牧mù而ér为wèi五wǔ帝dì先xiān,大dà禹yǔ得dé咎jiù繇yáo而ér为wèi三sān王wáng祖zǔ,齐qí桓huán得dé管guǎn子zi而ér为wèi五wǔ伯bó长zhǎng。今jīn陛bì下xià讲jiǎng于yú大dà禹yǔ及jí高gāo皇huáng帝dì之zhī建jiàn豪háo英yīng也yě,退tuì托tuō于yú不bù明míng,以yǐ求qiú贤xián良liáng,让ràng之zhī至zhì也yě。臣chén窃qiè观guān上shàng世shì之zhī传chuán,若ruò高gāo皇huáng帝dì之zhī建jiàn功gōng业yè,陛bì下xià之zhī德dé厚hòu而ér得dé贤xián佐zuǒ,皆jiē有yǒu司sī之zhī所suǒ览lǎn,刻kè于yú玉yù版bǎn,藏cáng于yú金jīn匮kuì,历lì之zhī春chūn秋qiū,纪jì之zhī后hòu世shì,为wèi帝dì者zhě祖zǔ宗zōng,与yǔ天tiān地dì相xiāng终zhōng。今jīn臣chén窋zhú等děng乃nǎi以yǐ臣chén错cuò充chōng赋fù,甚shèn不bù称chēng明míng诏zhào求qiú贤xián之zhī意yì。臣chén错cuò草cǎo茅máo臣chén,亡wáng识shí知zhī,昧mèi死sǐ上shàng愚yú对duì,曰yuē: 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“明míng于yú国guó家jiā大dà体tǐ”,愚yú臣chén窃qiè以yǐ古gǔ之zhī五wǔ帝dì明míng之zhī。臣chén闻wén五wǔ帝dì神shén对duì,其qí臣chén莫mò能néng及jí,故gù自zì亲qīn事shì,处chǔ于yú法fǎ官guān之zhī中zhōng,明míng堂táng之zhī上shàng;动dòng静jìng上shàng配pèi天tiān,下xià顺shùn地dì,中zhōng得dé人rén。故gù众zhòng生shēng之zhī类lèi亡wáng下xià覆fù也yě,根gēn著zhù之zhī徒tú亡wáng不bù载zài也yě;烛zhú以yǐ光guāng明míng,亡wáng偏piān异yì也yě;德dé上shàng及jí飞fēi鸟niǎo,下xià至zhì水shuǐ虫chóng草cǎo木mù诸zhū产chǎn,皆jiē被bèi其qí泽zé。然rán后hòu阴yīn阳yáng调diào,四sì时shí节jié,日rì月yuè光guāng,风fēng雨yǔ时shí,膏gāo露lù降jiàng,五wǔ谷gǔ熟shú,袄ǎo孽niè灭miè,贼zéi气qì息xī,民mín不bù疾jí疫yì,河hé出chū图tú,洛luò出chū书shū,神shén龙lóng至zhì,凤fèng鸟niǎo翔xiáng,德dé泽zé满mǎn天tiān下xià,灵líng光guāng施shī四sì海hǎi。此cǐ谓wèi配pèi天tiān地dì,治zhì国guó大dà体tǐ之zhī功gōng也yě。 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“通tōng于yú人rén事shì终zhōng始shǐ”,愚yú臣chén窃qiè以yǐ古gǔ之zhī三sān王wáng明míng之zhī。臣chén闻wén三sān王wáng臣chén主zhǔ俱jù贤xián,故gù合hé谋móu相xiāng辅fǔ,计jì安ān天tiān下xià,莫mò不bù本běn于yú人rén情qíng。人rén情qíng莫mò不bù欲yù寿shòu,三sān王wáng生shēng而ér不bù伤shāng也yě;人rén情qíng莫mò不bù欲yù富fù,三sān王wáng厚hòu而ér不bù困kùn也yě;人rén情qíng莫mò不bù欲yù安ān,三sān王wáng扶fú而ér不bù危wēi也yě;人rén情qíng莫mò不bù欲yù逸yì,三sān王wáng节jié其qí力lì而ér不bù尽jìn也yě。其qí为wèi法fǎ令lìng也yě,合hé于yú人rén情qíng而ér后hòu行xíng之zhī;其qí动dòng众zhòng使shǐ民mín也yě,本běn于yú人rén事shì然rán后hòu为wèi之zhī。取qǔ人rén以yǐ己jǐ,内nèi恕shù及jí人rén。情qíng之zhī所suǒ恶è,不bù以yǐ强qiǎng人rén;情qíng之zhī所suǒ欲yù,不bù以yǐ禁jìn民mín。是shì以yǐ天tiān下xià乐lè其qí政zhèng,归guī其qí德dé,望wàng之zhī若ruò父fù母mǔ,从cóng之zhī若ruò流liú水shuǐ;百bǎi姓xìng和hé亲qīn,国guó家jiā安ān宁níng,名míng位wèi不bù失shī,施shī及jí后hòu世shì。此cǐ明míng于yú人rén情qíng终zhōng始shǐ之zhī功gōng也yě。 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn”,愚yú臣chén窃qiè以yǐ五wǔ伯bó之zhī臣chén明míng之zhī。臣chén闻wén五wǔ伯bó不bù及jí其qí臣chén,故gù属shǔ之zhī以yǐ国guó,任rèn之zhī以yǐ事shì。五wǔ伯bó之zhī佐zuǒ之zhī为wéi人rén臣chén也yě,察chá身shēn而ér不bù敢gǎn诬wū,奉fèng法fǎ令lìng不bù容róng私sī,尽jìn心xīn力lì不bù敢gǎn矜jīn,遭zāo患huàn难nàn不bù避bì死sǐ,见jiàn贤xián不bù居jū其qí上shàng,受shòu禄lù不bù过guò其qí量liàng,不bù以yǐ亡wáng能néng居jū尊zūn显xiǎn之zhī位wèi。自zì行xíng若ruò此cǐ,可kě谓wèi方fāng正zhèng之zhī士shì矣yǐ。其qí立lì法fǎ也yě,非fēi以yǐ苦kǔ民mín伤shāng众zhòng而ér为wèi之zhī机jī陷xiàn也yě,以yǐ之zhī兴xīng利lì除chú害hài,尊zūn主zhǔ安ān民mín而ér救jiù暴bào乱luàn也yě。其qí行xíng赏shǎng也yě,非fēi虚xū取qǔ民mín财cái妄wàng予yǔ人rén也yě,以yǐ劝quàn天tiān下xià之zhī忠zhōng孝xiào而ér明míng其qí功gōng也yě。故gù功gōng多duō者zhě赏shǎng厚hòu,功gōng少shǎo者zhě赏shǎng薄báo。如rú此cǐ,敛liǎn民mín财cái以yǐ顾gù其qí功gōng,而ér民mín不bù恨hèn者zhě,知zhī与yǔ而ér安ān己jǐ也yě。其qí行xíng罚fá也yě,非fēi以yǐ忿fèn怒nù妄wàng诛zhū而ér从cóng暴bào心xīn也yě,以yǐ禁jìn天tiān下xià不bù忠zhōng不bù孝xiào而ér害hài国guó者zhě也yě。故gù罪zuì大dà者zhě罚fá重zhòng罪zuì小xiǎo者zhě罚fá轻qīng。如rú此cǐ,民mín虽suī伏fú罪zuì至zhì死sǐ而ér不bù怨yuàn者zhě,知zhī罪zuì罚fá之zhī至zhì,自zì取qǔ之zhī也yě。立lì法fǎ若ruò此cǐ,可kě谓wèi平píng正zhèng之zhī吏lì矣yǐ。法fǎ之zhī逆nì者zhě,请qǐng而ér更gèng之zhī,不bù以yǐ伤shāng民mín;主zhǔ行xíng之zhī暴bào者zhě,逆nì而ér复fù之zhī,不bù以yǐ伤shāng国guó。救jiù主zhǔ之zhī失shī,补bǔ主zhǔ之zhī过guò,扬yáng主zhǔ之zhī美měi,明míng主zhǔ之zhī功gōng,使shǐ主zhǔ内nèi亡wáng邪xié辟pì之zhī行xíng,外wài亡wáng骞qiān污wū之zhī名míng。事shì君jūn若ruò此cǐ,可kě谓wèi直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn之zhī士shì矣yǐ。此cǐ五wǔ伯bó之zhī所suǒ以yǐ德dé匡kuāng天tiān下xià,威wēi正zhèng诸zhū侯hóu,功gōng业yè甚shèn美měi,名míng声shēng章zhāng明míng。举jǔ天tiān下xià之zhī贤xián主zhǔ,五wǔ伯bó与yǔ焉yān,此cǐ身shēn不bù及jí其qí臣chén而ér使shǐ得de直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn补bǔ其qí不bù逮dǎi之zhī功gōng也yě。今jīn陛bì下xià人rén民mín之zhī众zhòng,威wēi武wǔ之zhī重zhòng,德dé惠huì之zhī厚hòu,令lìng行xíng禁jìn止zhǐ之zhī势shì,万wàn万wàn于yú五wǔ伯bó,而ér赐cì愚yú臣chén策cè曰yuē“匡kuāng朕zhèn之zhī不bù逮dǎi”,愚yú臣chén何hé足zú以yǐ识shí陛bì下xià之zhī高gāo明míng而ér奉fèng承chéng之zhī! 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“吏lì之zhī不bù平píng,政zhèng之zhī不bù宣xuān,民mín之zhī不bù宁níng”,愚yú臣chén窃qiè以yǐ秦qín事shì明míng之zhī。臣chén闻wén秦qín始shǐ并bìng天tiān下xià之zhī时shí,其qí主zhǔ不bù及jí三sān王wáng,而ér臣chén不bù及jí其qí佐zuǒ,然rán功gōng力lì不bù迟chí者zhě,何hé也yě?地dì形xíng便biàn,山shān川chuān利lì,财cái用yòng足zú,民mín利lì战zhàn。其qí所suǒ与yǔ并bìng者zhě六liù国guó,六liù国guó者zhě,臣chén主zhǔ皆jiē不bù肖xiào,谋móu不bù辑jí,民mín不bù用yòng,故gù当dāng此cǐ之zhī时shí,秦qín最zuì富fù强qiáng。夫fū国guó富fù强qiáng而ér邻lín国guó乱luàn者zhě,帝dì王wáng之zhī资zī也yě,故gù秦qín能néng兼jiān六liù国guó,立lì为wèi天tiān子zi。当dāng此cǐ之zhī时shí,三sān王wáng之zhī功gōng不bù能néng进jìn焉yān。及jí其qí末mò涂tú之zhī衰shuāi也yě,任rèn不bù肖xiào而ér信xìn谗chán贼zéi;宫gōng室shì过guò度dù,耆qí欲yù亡wáng极jí,民mín力lì罢bà尽jǐn,赋fù敛liǎn不bù节jié;矜jīn奋fèn自zì贤xián,群qún臣chén恐kǒng谀yú,骄jiāo溢yì纵zòng恣zì,不bù顾gù患huàn祸huò;妄wàng赏shǎng以yǐ随suí喜xǐ意yì,妄wàng诛zhū以yǐ快kuài怒nù心xīn,法fǎ令lìng烦fán ,刑xíng罚fá暴bào酷kù,轻qīng绝jué人rén命mìng,身shēn自zì射shè杀shā;天tiān下xià寒hán心xīn,莫mò安ān其qí处chù。奸jiān邪xié之zhī吏lì,乘chéng其qí乱luàn法fǎ,以yǐ成chéng其qí威wēi,狱yù官guān主zhǔ断duàn,生shēng杀shā自zì恣zì。上shàng下xià瓦wǎ解jiě,各gè自zì为wèi制zhì。秦qín始shǐ乱luàn之zhī时shí,吏lì之zhī所suǒ先xiān侵qīn者zhě,贫pín人rén贱jiàn民mín也yě;至zhì其qí中zhōng节jié,所suǒ侵qīn者zhě富fù人rén吏lì家jiā也yě;及jí其qí末mò涂tú,所suǒ侵qīn者zhě宗zōng室shì大dà臣chén也yě。是shì故gù亲qīn疏shū皆jiē危wēi,外wài内nèi咸xián怨yuàn,离lí散sàn逋bū逃táo,人rén有yǒu走zǒu心xīn。陈chén胜shèng先xiān倡chàng,天tiān下xià大dà溃kuì,绝jué祀sì亡wáng世shì,为wèi异yì姓xìng福fú。此cǐ吏lì不bù平píng,政zhèng不bù宣xuān,民mín不bù宁níng之zhī祸huò也yě。今jīn陛bì下xià配pèi天tiān象xiàng地dì,覆fù露lù万wàn民mín,绝jué秦qín之zhī迹jì,除chú其qí乱luàn法fǎ;躬gōng亲qīn本běn事shì,废fèi去qù淫yín末mò;除chú苛kē解jiě娆ráo,宽kuān大dà爱ài人rén;肉ròu刑xíng不bù用yòng,罪zuì人rén亡wáng帑tǎng;非fēi谤bàng不bù治zhì,铸zhù钱qián者zhě除chú;通tōng关guān去qù塞sāi,不bù孽niè诸zhū侯hóu;宾bīn礼lǐ长zhǎng老lǎo,爱ài恤xù少shǎo孤gū;罪zuì人rén有yǒu期qī,后hòu宫gōng出chū嫁jià;尊zūn赐cì孝xiào悌tì,农nóng民mín不bù租zū;明míng诏zhào军jūn师shī,爱ài士shì大dà夫fū;求qiú进jìn方fāng正zhèng,废fèi退tuì奸jiān邪xié;除chú去qù阴yīn刑xíng,害hài民mín者zhě诛zhū;忧yōu劳láo百bǎi姓xìng,列liè侯hóu就jiù都dōu;亲qīn耕gēng节jié用yòng,视shì民mín不bù奢shē。所suǒ为wèi天tiān下xià兴xīng利lì除chú害hài,变biàn法fǎ易yì故gù,以yǐ安ān海hǎi内nèi者zhě,大dà功gōng数shù十shí,皆jiē上shàng世shì之zhī所suǒ难nán及jí,陛bì下xià行xíng之zhī,道dào纯chún德dé厚hòu,元yuán元yuán之zhī民mín幸xìng矣yǐ。 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“永yǒng惟wéi朕zhèn之zhī不bù德dé”,愚yú臣chén不bù足zú以yǐ当dāng之zhī。 诏zhào策cè曰yuē“悉xī陈chén其qí志zhì,毋wú有yǒu所suǒ隐yǐn”,愚yú臣chén窃qiè以yǐ五wǔ帝dì之zhī贤xián臣chén明míng之zhī。臣chén闻wén五wǔ帝dì其qí臣chén莫mò能néng及jí,则zé自zì亲qīn之zhī;三sān王wáng臣chén主zhǔ俱jù贤xián,则zé共gòng忧yōu之zhī;五wǔ伯bó不bù及jí其qí臣chén,则zé任rèn使shǐ之zhī。此cǐ所suǒ以yǐ神shén明míng不bù遗yí,而ér贤xián圣shèng不bù废fèi也yě,故gù各gè当dāng其qí世shì而ér立lì功gōng德dé焉yān。传chuán曰yuē“往wǎng者zhě不bù可kě及jí,来lái者zhě犹yóu可kě待dài,能néng明míng其qí世shì者zhě谓wèi之zhī天tiān子zi”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。窃qiè闻wén战zhàn不bù胜shèng者zhě易yì其qí地dì,民mín贫pín穷qióng者zhě变biàn其qí业yè。今jīn以yǐ陛bì下xià神shén明míng德dé厚hòu,资zī财cái不bù下xià五wǔ帝dì,临lín制zhì天tiān下xià,至zhì今jīn十shí有yǒu六liù年nián,民mín不bù益yì富fù,盗dào贼zéi不bù衰shuāi,边biān境jìng未wèi安ān,其qí所suǒ以yǐ然rán,意yì者zhě陛bì下xià未wèi之zhī躬gōng亲qīn,而ér待dài群qún臣chén也yě。今jīn执zhí事shì之zhī臣chén皆jiē天tiān下xià之zhī选xuǎn已yǐ,然rán莫mò能néng望wàng陛bì下xià清qīng光guāng,譬pì之zhī犹yóu五wǔ帝dì之zhī佐zuǒ也yě。陛bì下xià不bù自zì躬gōng亲qīn,而ér待dài不bù望wàng清qīng光guāng之zhī臣chén,臣chén窃qiè恐kǒng神shén明míng之zhī遗yí也yě。日rì损sǔn一yī日rì,岁suì亡wáng一yī岁suì,日rì月yuè益yì暮mù,盛shèng德dé不bù及jí究jiū于yú天tiān下xià,以yǐ传chuán万wàn世shì,愚yú臣chén不bù自zì度dù量liàng,窃qiè为wèi陛bì下xià惜xī之zhī。昧mèi死sǐ上shàng狂kuáng惑huò草cǎo茅máo之zhī愚yú,臣chén言yán惟wéi陛bì下xià财cái择zé。 时shí,贾jiǎ谊yì已yǐ死sǐ,对duì策cè者zhě百bǎi余yú人rén,唯wéi错cuò为wèi高gāo第dì,繇yáo是shì迁qiān中zhōng大dà夫fū。错cuò又yòu言yán宜yí削xuē诸zhū侯hóu事shì,及jí法fǎ令lìng可kě更gēng定dìng者zhě,书shū凡fán三sān十shí篇piān。孝xiào文wén虽suī不bù尽jìn听tīng,然rán奇qí其qí材cái。当dāng是shì时shí,太tài子zi善shàn错cuò计jì策cè,爰yuán盎àng诸zhū大dà功gōng臣chén多duō不bù好hǎo错cuò。 景jǐng帝dì即jí位wèi,以yǐ错cuò为wèi内nèi史shǐ。错cuò数shù请qǐng间jiān言yán事shì,辄zhé听tīng,幸xìng倾qīng九jiǔ卿qīng,法fǎ令lìng多duō所suǒ更gēng定dìng。丞chéng相xiàng申shēn屠tú嘉jiā心xīn弗fú便biàn,力lì未wèi有yǒu以yǐ伤shāng。内nèi史shǐ府fǔ居jū太tài上shàng庙miào堧ruán中zhōng,门mén东dōng出chū,不bù便biàn,错cuò乃nǎi穿chuān门mén南nán出chū,凿záo庙miào堧ruán垣yuán。丞chéng相xiàng大dà怒nù,欲yù因yīn此cǐ过guò为wèi奏zòu请qǐng诛zhū错cuò。错cuò闻wén之zhī,即jí请qǐng间jiān为wèi上shàng言yán之zhī。丞chéng相xiàng奏zòu事shì,因yīn言yán错cuò擅shàn凿záo庙miào垣yuán为wèi门mén,请qǐng下xià廷tíng尉wèi诛zhū。上shàng曰yuē:“此cǐ非fēi庙miào垣yuán,乃nǎi堧ruán中zhōng垣yuán,不bù致zhì于yú法fǎ。”丞chéng相xiàng谢xiè。罢bà朝cháo,因yīn怒nù谓wèi长zhǎng史shǐ曰yuē:“吾wú当dāng先xiān斩zhǎn以yǐ闻wén,乃nǎi先xiān请qǐng,固gù误wù。”丞chéng相xiàng遂suì发fā病bìng死sǐ。错cuò以yǐ此cǐ愈yù贵guì。 迁qiān为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,请qǐng诸zhū侯hóu之zhī罪zuì过guò,削xuē其qí支zhī郡jùn。奏zòu上shàng,上shàng令lìng公gōng卿qīng、列liè侯hóu、宗zōng室shì杂zá议yì,莫mò敢gǎn难nán,独dú窦dòu婴yīng争zhēng之zhī,繇yáo此cǐ与yǔ错cuò有yǒu隙xì。错cuò所suǒ更gèng令lìng三sān十shí章zhāng,诸zhū侯hóu讙huān哗huā。错cuò父fù闻wén之zhī,从cóng颍yǐng川chuān来lái,谓wèi错cuò曰yuē:“上shàng初chū即jí位wèi,公gōng为wéi政zhèng用yòng事shì,侵qīn削xuē诸zhū侯hóu,疏shū人rén骨gǔ肉ròu,口kǒu让ràng多duō怨yuàn,公gōng何hé为wèi也yě?”错cuò曰yuē:“固gù也yě。不bù如rú此cǐ,天tiān子zi不bù尊zūn,宗zōng庙miào不bù安ān。”父fù曰yuē:“刘liú氏shì安ān矣yǐ,而ér晁cháo氏shì危wēi,吾wú去qù公gōng归guī矣yǐ!”遂suì饮yǐn药yào死sǐ,曰yuē“吾wú不bù忍rěn见jiàn祸huò逮dǎi身shēn。” 后hòu十shí余yú日rì,吴wú、楚chǔ七qī国guó俱jù反fǎn,以yǐ诛zhū错cuò为wèi名míng。上shàng与yǔ错cuò议yì出chū军jūn事shì,错cuò欲yù令lìng上shàng自zì将jiàng兵bīng,而ér身shēn居jū守shǒu。会huì窦dòu婴yīng言yán爰yuán盎àng,诏zhào召zhào入rù见jiàn,上shàng方fāng与yǔ错cuò调diào兵bīng食shí。上shàng问wèn盎àng曰yuē:“君jūn尝cháng为wèi吴wú相xiāng,知zhī吴wú臣chén田tián禄lù伯bó为wéi人rén乎hū?今jīn吴wú、楚chǔ反fǎn,于yú公gōng意yì何hé如rú?”对duì曰yuē:“不bù足zú忧yōu也yě,今jīn破pò矣yǐ。”上shàng曰yuē:“吴wú王wáng即jí山shān铸zhù钱qián,煮zhǔ海hǎi为wèi盐yán,诱yòu天tiān下xià豪háo桀jié,白bái头tóu举jǔ事shì,此cǐ其qí计jì不bù百bǎi全quán,岂qǐ发fā乎hū?何hé以yǐ言yán其qí无wú能néng为wèi也yě?”盎àng对duì曰yuē:“吴wú铜tóng、盐yán之zhī利lì则zé有yǒu之zhī,安ān得dé豪háo桀jié而ér诱yòu之zhī!诚chéng令lìng吴wú得dé豪háo桀jié,亦yì且qiě辅fǔ而ér为wèi谊yì,不bù反fǎn矣yǐ。吴wú所suǒ诱yòu,皆jiē亡wáng赖lài子zǐ弟dì,亡wáng命mìng铸zhù钱qián奸jiān人rén,故gù相xiāng诱yòu以yǐ乱luàn。”错cuò曰yuē:“盎àng策cè之zhī善shàn。”上shàng问wèn曰yuē:“计jì安ān出chū?”盎àng对duì曰yuē:“愿yuàn屏píng左zuǒ右yòu。”上shàng屏píng人rén,独dú错cuò在zài。盎àng曰yuē:“臣chén所suǒ言yán,人rén臣chén不bù得dé知zhī。”乃nǎi屏píng错cuò。错cuò趋qū避bì东dōng箱xiāng,甚shèn恨hèn。上shàng卒zú问wèn盎àng,对duì曰yuē:“吴wú、楚chǔ相xiāng遗yí书shū,言yán高gāo皇huáng帝dì王wáng子zǐ弟dì各gè有yǒu分fēn地dì,今jīn贼zéi臣chén晁cháo错cuò擅shàn適shì诸zhū侯hóu,削xuē夺duó之zhī地dì,以yǐ故gù反fǎn名míng为wèi西xī共gòng诛zhū错cuò,复fù故gù地dì而ér罢bà。方fāng今jīn计jì,独dú有yǒu斩zhǎn错cuò,发fā使shǐ赦shè吴wú、楚chǔ七qī国guó,复fù其qí故gù地dì,则zé兵bīng可kě毋wú血xuè刃rèn而ér俱jù罢bà。”于yú是shì上shàng默mò然rán良liáng久jiǔ,曰yuē:“顾gù诚chéng何hé如rú,吾wú不bù爱ài一yī人rén谢xiè天tiān下xià。”盎àng曰yuē:“愚yú计jì出chū此cǐ,唯wéi上shàng孰shú计jì之zhī。”乃nǎi拜bài盎àng为wèi泰tài常cháng,密mì装zhuāng治zhì行xíng。 后hòu十shí余yú日rì,丞chéng相xiàng青qīng翟dí、中zhōng尉wèi嘉jiā、廷tíng慰wèi欧ōu劾hé奏zòu错cuò曰yuē:“吴wú王wáng反fǎn逆nì亡wáng道dào,欲yù危wēi宗zōng庙miào,天tiān下xià所suǒ当dāng共gòng诛zhū。今jīn御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū错cuò议yì曰yuē:‘兵bīng数shù百bǎi万wàn,独dú属shǔ群qún臣chén,不bù可kě信xìn,陛bì下xià不bù如rú自zì出chū临lín兵bīng,使shǐ错cuò居jū守shǒu。徐xú、僮tóng之zhī旁páng吴wú所suǒ未wèi下xià者zhě可kě以yǐ予yǔ吴wú。’错cuò不bù称chēng陛bì下xià德dé信xìn,欲yù疏shū群qún臣chén百bǎi姓xìng,又yòu欲yù以yǐ城chéng邑yì予yǔ吴wú,亡wáng臣chén子zi礼lǐ,大dà逆nì无wú道dào。错cuò当dāng要yào斩zhǎn,父fù母mǔ妻qī子zǐ同tóng产chǎn无wú少shǎo长zhǎng皆jiē弃qì市shì。臣chén请qǐng论lùn如rú法fǎ。”制zhì曰yuē:“可kě。”错cuò殊shū不bù知zhī。乃nǎi使shǐ中zhōng尉wèi召zhào错cuò,绐dài载zài行háng市shì。错cuò衣yī朝cháo衣yī,斩zhǎn东dōng市shì。 错cuò已yǐ死sǐ,谒yè者zhě仆pū射shè邓dèng公gōng为wèi校xiào尉wèi,击jī吴wú、楚chǔ为wèi将jiāng。还hái,上shàng书shū言yán军jūn事shì,见jiàn上shàng。上shàng问wèn曰yuē:“道dào军jūn所suǒ来lái,闻wén晁cháo错cuò死sǐ,吴wú、楚chǔ罢bà不bù?”邓dèng公gōng曰yuē:“吴wú为wèi反fǎn数shù十shí岁suì矣yǐ,发fā怒nù削xuē地dì,以yǐ诛zhū错cuò为wèi名míng,其qí意yì不bù在zài错cuò也yě。且qiě臣chén怒nù天tiān下xià之zhī士shì箝qián口kǒu不bù敢gǎn复fù言yán矣yǐ。”上shàng曰yuē:“何hé哉zāi?”邓dèng公gōng曰yuē:“夫fū晁cháo错cuò患huàn诸zhū侯hóu强qiáng大dà不bù可kě制zhì,故gù请qǐng削xuē之zhī,以yǐ尊zūn京jīng师shī,万wàn世shì之zhī利lì也yě。计jì划huà始shǐ行xíng,卒zú受shòu大dà戮lù,内nèi杜dù忠zhōng臣chén之zhī口kǒu,外wài为wèi诸zhū侯hóu报bào仇chóu,臣chén窃qiè为wèi陛bì下xià不bù取qǔ也yě。”于yú是shì景jǐng帝dì喟kuì然rán长zhǎng息xī,曰yuē:“公gōng言yán善shàn。吾wú亦yì恨hèn之zhī!”乃nǎi拜bài邓dèng公gōng为wèi城chéng阳yáng中zhōng尉wèi。 邓dèng公gōng,成chéng固gù人rén也yě,多duō奇qí计jì。建jiàn元yuán年nián中zhōng,上shàng招zhāo贤xián良liáng,公gōng卿qīng言yán邓dèng先xiān。邓dèng先xiān时shí免miǎn,起qǐ家jiā为wèi九jiǔ卿qīng。一yī年nián,复fù谢xiè病bìng免miǎn归guī。其qí子zi章zhāng,以yǐ修xiū黄huáng、老lǎo言yán显xiǎn诸zhū公gōng间jiān。 赞zàn曰yuē:爰yuán盎àng虽suī不bù好hǎo学xué,亦yì善shàn傅fù会huì,仁rén心xīn为wèi质zhì,引yǐn义yì慷kāng慨kǎi。遭zāo孝xiào文wén初chū立lì,资zī适shì逢féng世shì。时shí已yǐ变biàn易yì,及jí吴wú壹yī说shuō,果guǒ于yú用yòng辩biàn,身shēn亦yì不bù遂suí。晁cháo错cuò锐ruì于yú为wèi国guó远yuǎn虑lǜ,而ér不bú见jiàn身shēn害hài。其qí父fù睹dǔ之zhī,经jīng于yú沟gōu渎dú,亡wáng益yì救jiù败bài,不bù如rú赵zhào母mǔ指zhǐ括kuò,以yǐ全quán其qí宗zōng。悲bēi夫fū!错cuò虽suī不bù终zhōng,世shì哀āi其qí忠zhōng。故gù论lùn其qí施shī行xíng之zhī语yǔ著zhù于yú篇piān。

卷juǎn五wǔ十shí犝tóng欧ōu爰yuán持chí4诙huī

张zhāng释shì之zhī字zì季jì,南nán阳yáng堵dǔ阳yáng人rén也yě。与yǔ兄xiōng仲zhòng同tóng居jū,以yǐ赀zī为wèi骑qí郎láng,事shì文wén帝dì,十shí年nián不bù得dé调diào,亡wáng所suǒ知zhī名míng。释shì之zhī曰yuē:“久jiǔ宦huàn减jiǎn仲zhòng之zhī产chǎn,不bù遂suí。”欲yù免miǎn归guī。中zhōng郎láng将jiāng爰yuán盎àng知zhī其qí贤xián,惜xī其qí去qù,乃nǎi请qǐng徙xǐ释shì之zhī补bǔ谒yè者zhě。释shì之zhī既jì朝cháo毕bì,因yīn前qián言yán便pián宜yi事shì。文wén帝dì曰yuē:“卑bēi之zhī,毋wú甚shèn高gāo论lùn,令lìng今jīn可kě行xíng也yě。”于yú是shì释shì之zhī言yán秦qín、汉hàn之zhī间jiān事shì,秦qín所suǒ以yǐ失shī,汉hàn所suǒ以yǐ兴xīng者zhě。文wén帝dì称chēng善shàn,拜bài释shì之zhī为wèi谒yè者zhě仆pū射shè。 从cóng行xíng,上shàng登dēng虎hǔ圈quān,问wèn上shàng林lín尉wèi禽qín兽shòu簿bù,十shí余yú问wèn,尉wèi左zuǒ右yòu视shì,尽jǐn不bù能néng对duì。虎hǔ圈quān啬sè夫fū从cóng旁páng代dài尉wèi对duì上shàng所suǒ问wèn禽qín兽shòu簿bù甚shèn悉xī,欲yù以yǐ观guān其qí能néng口kǒu对duì向xiàng应yīng亡wáng穷qióng者zhě。文wén帝dì曰yuē:“吏lì不bù当dàng如rú此cǐ邪xié?尉wèi亡wáng赖lài!”诏zhào释shì之zhī拜bài啬sè夫fū为wèi上shàng林lín令lìng。释shì之zhī前qián曰yuē:“陛bì下xià以yǐ绛jiàng侯hóu周zhōu勃bó何hé如rú人rén也yě?”上shàng曰yuē:“上shàng者zhě。”又yòu复fù问wèn:“东dōng阳yáng侯hóu张zhāng相xiāng如rú何hé如rú人rén也yě?”上shàng复fù曰yuē:“长zhǎng者zhě。”释shì之zhī曰yuē:“夫fū绛jiàng侯hóu、东dōng阳yáng侯hóu称chēng为wéi长zhǎng者zhě,此cǐ两liǎng人rén言yán事shì曾céng不bù能néng出chū口kǒu,岂qǐ效xiào此cǐ啬sè夫fū喋dié喋dié利lì口kǒu捷jié给jǐ哉zāi!且qiě秦qín以yǐ任rèn刀dāo笔bǐ之zhī吏lì,争zhēng以yǐ亟jí疾jí苛kē察chá相xiāng高gāo,其qí敝bì徒tú文wén具jù,亡wáng恻cè隐yǐn之zhī实shí。以yǐ故gù不bù闻wén其qí过guò,陵líng夷yí至zhì于yú二èr世shì,天tiān下xià土tǔ崩bēng。今jīn陛bì下xià以yǐ啬sè夫fū口kǒu辩biàn而ér超chāo迁qiān之zhī,臣chén恐kǒng天tiān下xià随suí风fēng靡mǐ,争zhēng口kǒu辩biàn,亡wáng其qí实shí。且qiě下xià之zhī化huà上shàng,疾jí于yú景jǐng响xiǎng,举jǔ错cuò不bù可kě不bù察chá也yě。”文wén帝dì曰yuē:“善shàn。”乃nǎi止zhǐ不bù拜bài啬sè夫fū。 就jiù车chē,召zhào释shì之zhī骖cān乘chéng,徐xú行xíng,行xíng问wèn释shì之zhī秦qín之zhī敝bì。具jù以yǐ质zhì言yán。至zhì宫gōng,上shàng拜bài释shì之zhī为wèi公gōng车chē令lìng。 顷qǐng之zhī,太tài子zi与yǔ梁liáng王wáng共gòng车chē入rù朝cháo,不bù下xià司sī马mǎ门mén,于yú是shì释shì之zhī追zhuī止zhǐ太tài子zi、梁liáng王wáng毋wú入rù殿diàn门mén。遂suì劾hé不bù下xià公gōng门mén不bù敬jìng,奏zòu之zhī。薄báo太tài后hòu闻wén之zhī,文wén帝dì免miǎn冠guān谢xiè曰yuē:“教jiào兒ér子zi不bù谨jǐn。”薄báo太tài后hòu使shǐ使shǐ承chéng诏zhào赦shè太tài子zi、梁liáng王wáng,然rán后hòu得dé入rù。文wén帝dì繇yáo是shì奇qí释shì之zhī,拜bài为wèi中zhōng大dà夫fū。 顷qǐng之zhī,至zhì中zhōng郎láng将jiāng。从cóng行xíng至zhì霸bà陵líng,上shàng居jū外wài临lín厕cè。时shí慎shèn夫fū人rén从cóng,上shàng指zhǐ视shì慎shèn夫fū人rén新xīn丰fēng道dào,曰yuē:“此cǐ走zǒu邯hán郸dān道dào也yě。”使shǐ慎shèn夫fū人rén鼓gǔ瑟sè,上shàng自zì倚yǐ瑟sè而ér歌gē,意yì凄qī怆chuàng悲bēi怀huái,顾gù谓wèi群qún臣chén曰yuē:“嗟jiē乎hū!以yǐ北běi山shān石shí为wèi椁guǒ,用yòng纻zhù絮xù斫zhuó陈chén漆qī其qí间jiān,岂qǐ可kě动dòng哉zāi!”左zuǒ右yòu皆jiē曰yuē:“善shàn。”释shì之zhī前qián曰yuē:“使shǐ其qí中zhōng有yǒu可kě欲yù,虽suī锢gù南nán山shān犹yóu有yǒu隙xì;使shǐ其qí中zhōng亡wáng可kě欲yù,虽suī亡wáng石shí椁guǒ,又yòu何hé戚qī焉yān?”文wén帝dì称chēng善shàn。其qí后hòu,拜bài释shì之zhī为wèi廷tíng尉wèi。 顷qǐng之zhī,上shàng行háng出chū中zhōng渭wèi桥qiáo,有yǒu一yī人rén从cóng桥qiáo下xià走zǒu,乘shèng舆yú马mǎ惊jīng。于yú是shì使shǐ骑qí捕bǔ之zhī,属shǔ廷tíng尉wèi。释shì之zhī治zhì问wèn。曰yuē:“县xiàn人rén来lái,闻wén跸bì,匿nì桥qiáo下xià。久jiǔ,以yǐ为wéi行xíng过guò,既jì出chū,见jiàn车chē骑qí,即jí走zǒu耳ěr。”释shì之zhī奏zòu当dāng:“此cǐ人rén犯fàn跸bì,当dāng罚fá金jīn。”上shàng怒nù曰yuē:“此cǐ人rén亲qīn惊jīng吾wú马mǎ,马mǎ赖lài和hé柔róu,令lìng它tā马mǎ,固gù不bù败bài伤shāng我wǒ乎hū?而ér廷tíng尉wèi乃nǎi当dāng之zhī罚fá金jīn!”释shì之zhī曰yuē:“法fǎ者zhě,天tiān子zi所suǒ与yǔ天tiān下xià公gōng共gòng也yě。今jīn法fǎ如rú是shì,更gèng重zhòng之zhī,是shì法fǎ不bù信xìn于yú民mín也yě。且qiě方fāng其qí时shí,上shàng使shǐ使shǐ诛zhū之zhī则zé已yǐ。今jīn已yǐ下xià廷tíng尉wèi,廷tíng尉wèi,天tiān下xià之zhī平píng也yě,壹yī倾qīng,天tiān下xià用yòng法fǎ皆jiē为wèi之zhī轻qīng重zhòng,民mín安ān所suǒ错cuò其qí手shǒu足zú?唯wéi陛bì下xià察chá之zhī。”上shàng良liáng久jiǔ曰yuē:“廷tíng尉wèi当dāng是shì也yě。” 其qí后hòu人rén有yǒu盗dào高gāo庙miào座zuò前qián玉yù环huán,得dé,文wén帝dì怒nù,下xià廷tíng尉wèi治zhì。案àn盗dào宗zōng庙miào服fú御yù物wù者zhě为wèi奏zòu,当dāng弃qì市shì。上shàng大dà怒nù曰yuē:“人rén亡wáng道dào,乃nǎi盗dào先xiān帝dì器qì!吾wú属shǔ廷tíng尉wèi者zhě,欲yù致zhì之zhī族zú,而ér君jūn以yǐ法fǎ奏zòu之zhī,非fēi吾wú所suǒ以yǐ共gòng承chéng宗zōng庙miào意yì也yě。”释shì之zhī免miǎn冠guān顿dùn首shǒu谢xiè曰yuē:“法fǎ如rú是shì足zú也yě。且qiě罪zuì等děng,然rán以yǐ逆nì顺shùn为wèi基jī。今jīn盗dào宗zōng庙miào器qì而ér族zú之zhī,有yǒu如rú万wàn分fēn一yī,假jiǎ令lìng愚yú民mín取qǔ长zhǎng陵líng一yīB636土tǔ,陛bì下xià且qiě何hé以yǐ加jiā其qí法fǎ乎hū?”文wén帝dì与yǔ太tài后hòu言yán之zhī,乃nǎi许xǔ廷tíng尉wèi当dāng。是shì时shí,中zhōng尉wèi条tiáo侯hóu周zhōu亚yà夫fū与yǔ梁liáng相xiāng山shān都dōu侯hóu王wáng恬tián启qǐ见jiàn释shì之zhī持chí议yì平píng,乃nǎi结jié为wèi亲qīn友yǒu。张zhāng廷tíng尉wèi繇yáo此cǐ天tiān下xià称chēng之zhī。 文wén帝dì崩bēng,景jǐng帝dì立lì,释shì之zhī恐kǒng,称chēng疾jí。欲yù免miǎn去qù,惧jù大dà诛zhū至zhì;欲yù见jiàn,则zé未wèi知zhī何hé如rú。用yòng王wáng生shēng计jì,卒zú见jiàn谢xiè,景jǐng帝dì不bù过guò也yě。 王wáng生shēng者zhě,善shàn为wèi黄huáng、老lǎo言yán,处chǔ士shì。尝cháng召zhào居jū廷tíng中zhōng,公gōng卿qīng尽jǐn会huì立lì。王wáng生shēng老lǎo人rén,曰yuē“吾wú袜wà解jiě”,顾gù谓wèi释shì之zhī:“为wèi我wǒ结jié袜wà!”释shì之zhī跪guì而ér结jié之zhī,既jì已yǐ,人rén或huò让ràng王wáng生shēng:“独dú奈nài何hé廷tíng辱rǔ张zhāng廷tíng尉wèi如rú此cǐ?”王wáng生shēng曰yuē:“吾wú老lǎo且qiě贱jiàn,自zì度dù终zhōng亡wáng益yì于yú张zhāng廷tíng尉wèi。廷tíng尉wèi方fāng天tiān下xià名míng臣chén,吾wú故gù聊liáo使shǐ结jié袜wà,欲yù以yǐ重zhòng之zhī。”诸zhū公gōng闻wén之zhī,贤xián王wáng生shēng而ér重zhòng释shì之zhī。 释shì之zhī事shì景jǐng帝dì岁suì余yú,为wèi淮huái南nán相xiāng,犹yóu尚shàng以yǐ前qián过guò也yě。年nián老lǎo病bìng卒zú。其qí子zi挚zhì,字zì长zhǎng公gōng,官guān至zhì大dà夫fū,免miǎn。以yǐ不bù能néng取qǔ容róng当dāng世shì,故gù终zhōng身shēn不bù仕shì。 冯féng唐táng,祖zǔ父fù赵zhào人rén也yě。父fù徙xǐ代dài。汉hàn兴xīng徙xǐ安ān陵líng。唐táng以yǐ孝xiào著zhù,为wèi郎láng中zhōng署shǔ长zhǎng,事shì文wén帝dì。帝dì辇niǎn过guò,问wèn唐táng曰yuē:“父fù老lǎo何hé自zì为wèi郎láng?家jiā安ān在zài?”具jù以yǐ实shí言yán。文wén帝dì曰yuē:“吾wú居jū代dài时shí,吾wú尚shàng食shí监jiān高gāo祛qū数shù为wèi我wǒ言yán赵zhào将jiāng李lǐ齐qí之zhī贤xián,战zhàn于yú巨jù鹿lù下xià。吾wú每měi饮yǐn食shí,意yì未wèi尝cháng不bù在zài巨jù鹿lù也yě。父fù老lǎo知zhī之zhī乎hū?”唐táng对duì曰yuē:“齐qí尚shàng不bù如rú廉lián颇pǒ、李lǐ牧mù之zhī为wèi将jiāng也yě。”上shàng曰yuē:“何hé已yǐ?”唐táng曰yuē:“臣chén大dà父fù在zài赵zhào时shí,为wèi官guān帅shuài将jiāng,善shàn李lǐ牧mù。臣chén父fù故gù为wèi代dài相xiāng,善shàn李lǐ齐qí,知zhī其qí为wéi人rén也yě。”上shàng既jì闻wén廉lián颇pǒ、李lǐ牧mù为wéi人rén,良liáng说shuō,乃nǎi拊fǔ髀bì曰yuē:“嗟jiē乎hū!吾wú独dú不bù得dé廉lián颇pǒ、李lǐ牧mù为wèi将jiāng,岂qǐ忧yōu匈xiōng奴nú哉zāi!”唐táng曰yuē:“主zhǔ臣chén!陛bì下xià虽suī有yǒu廉lián颇pǒ、李lǐ牧mù,不bù能néng用yòng也yě。”上shàng怒nù,起qǐ入rù禁jìn中zhōng。良liáng久jiǔ,召zhào唐táng让ràng曰yuē:“公gōng众zhòng辱rǔ我wǒ,独dú亡wáng间jiān处chù乎hū?”唐táng谢xiè曰yuē:“鄙bǐ人rén不bù知zhī忌jì讳huì。” 当dāng是shì时shí,匈xiōng奴nú新xīn大dà入rù朝cháo那nà,杀shā北běi地dì都dū尉wèi卬áng。上shàng以yǐ胡hú寇kòu为wèi意yì,乃nǎi卒zú复fù问wèn唐táng曰yuē:“公gōng何hé以yǐ言yán吾wú不bù能néng用yòng颇pǒ、牧mù也yě?”唐táng对duì曰yuē,“臣chén闻wén上shàng古gǔ王wáng者zhě遣qiǎn将jiāng也yě,跪guì而ér推tuī毂gǔ,曰yuē:‘ 以yǐ内nèi寡guǎ人rén制zhì之zhī, 以yǐ外wài将jiāng军jūn制zhì之zhī;军jūn功gōng爵jué赏shǎng,皆jiē决jué于yú外wài,归guī而ér奏zòu之zhī。’此cǐ非fēi空kōng言yán也yě。臣chén大dà父fù言yán李lǐ牧mù之zhī为wèi赵zhào将jiāng居jū边biān,军jūn市shì之zhī租zū皆jiē自zì用yòng飨xiǎng士shì,赏shǎng赐cì决jué于yú外wài,不bù从cóng中zhōng复fù也yě。委wěi任rèn而ér责zé成chéng功gōng,故gù李lǐ牧mù乃nǎi得dé尽jǐn其qí知zhī能néng,选xuǎn车chē千qiān三sān百bǎi乘chéng,彀gòu骑qí万wàn三sān千qiān匹pǐ,百bǎi金jīn之zhī士shì十shí万wàn,是shì以yǐ北běi逐zhú单chán于yú,破pò东dōng胡hú,灭miè澹dàn林lín,西xī抑yì强qiáng秦qín,南nán支zhī韩hán、魏wèi。当dāng是shì时shí,赵zhào几jǐ伯bó。后hòu会huì赵zhào王wáng迁qiān立lì,其qí母mǔ倡chàng也yě,用yòng郭guō开kāi谗chán,而ér诛zhū李lǐ牧mù,令lìng颜yán聚jù代dài之zhī。是shì以yǐ为wéi秦qín所suǒ灭miè。今jīn臣chén窃qiè闻wén魏wèi尚shàng为wèi云yún中zhōng守shǒu,军jūn市shì租zū尽jǐn以yǐ给gěi士shì卒zú,出chū私sī养yǎng钱qián,五wǔ日rì壹yī杀shā牛niú,以yǐ飨xiǎng宾bīn客kè军jūn吏lì舍shě人rén,是shì以yǐ匈xiōng奴nú远yuǎn避bì,不bù近jìn云yún中zhōng之zhī塞sāi。虏lǔ尝cháng一yī入rù,尚shàng帅shuài车chē骑qí击jī之zhī,所suǒ杀shā甚shèn众zhòng。夫fū士shì卒zú尽jǐn家jiā人rén子zi,起qǐ田tián中zhōng从cóng军jūn,安ān知zhī尺chǐ籍jí伍wǔ符fú?终zhōng日rì力lì战zhàn,斩zhǎn首shǒu捕bǔ虏lǔ,上shàng功gōng莫mò府fǔ,一yī言yán不bù相xiāng应yìng,文wén吏lì以yǐ法fǎ绳shéng之zhī。其qí赏shǎng不bù行xíng,吏lì奉fèng法fǎ必bì用yòng。愚yú以yǐ为wéi陛bì下xià法fǎ太tài明míng,赏shǎng太tài轻qīng,罚fá太tài重zhòng。且qiě云yún中zhōng守shǒu尚shàng坐zuò上shàng功gōng首shǒu虏lǔ差chà六liù级jí,陛bì下xià下xià之zhī吏lì,削xuē其qí爵jué,罚fá作zuò之zhī。繇yáo此cǐ言yán之zhī,陛bì下xià虽suī得dé李lǐ牧mù,不bù能néng用yòng也yě。臣chén诚chéng愚yú,触chù忌jì讳huì,死sǐ罪zuì!”文wén帝dì说shuō。是shì日rì,令lìng唐táng持chí节jié赦shè魏wèi尚shàng,复fù以yǐ为wéi云yún中zhōng守shǒu,而ér拜bài唐táng为wèi车chē骑qí都dū尉wèi,主zhǔ中zhōng尉wèi及jí郡jùn国guó车chē士shì。 十shí年nián,景jǐng帝dì立lì,以yǐ唐táng为wèi楚chǔ相xiāng。武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,求qiú贤xián良liáng,举jǔ唐táng。唐táng时shí年nián九jiǔ十shí余yú,不bù能néng为wèi官guān,乃nǎi以yǐ子zi遂suì为wèi郎láng。遂suì字zì王wáng孙sūn,亦yì奇qí士shì。魏wèi尚shàng,槐huái里lǐ人rén也yě。 汲jí黯àn字zì长zhǎng孺rú,濮pú阳yáng人rén也yě。其qí行xíng有yǒu宠chǒng于yú古gǔ之zhī卫wèi君jūn也yě。至zhì黯àn十shí世shì,世shì为wèi卿qīng大dà夫fū。以yǐ父fù任rèn,孝xiào景jǐng时shí为wèi太tài子zi洗xǐ马mǎ,以yǐ严yán见jiàn惮dàn。 武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,黯àn为wèi谒yè者zhě。东dōng粤yuè相xiāng攻gōng,上shàng使shǐ黯àn往wǎng视shì之zhī。至zhì吴wú而ér还hái,报bào曰yuē:“粤yuè人rén相xiāng攻gōng,固gù其qí俗sú,不bù足zú以yǐ辱rǔ天tiān子zi使shǐ者zhě。”河hé内nèi失shī火huǒ,烧shāo千qiān余yú家jiā,上shàng使shǐ黯àn往wǎng视shì之zhī。还huán报bào曰yuē:“家jiā人rén失shī火huǒ,屋wū比bǐ延yán烧shāo,不bù足zú忧yōu。臣chén过guò河hé内nèi,河hé内nèi贫pín人rén伤shāng水shuǐ旱hàn万wàn余yú家jiā,或huò父fù子zǐ相xiāng食shí,臣chén谨jǐn以yǐ便biàn宜yí,持chí节jié发fā河hé内nèi仓cāng粟sù以yǐ振zhèn贫pín民mín。请qǐng归guī节jié,伏fú矫jiǎo制zhì罚fá。”上shàng贤xián而ér释shì之zhī,迁qiān为wèi荥xíng阳yáng令lìng。黯àn耻chǐ为wèi令lìng,称chēng疾jí归guī田tián里lǐ。上shàng闻wén,乃nǎi召zhào为wèi中zhōng大dà夫fū。以yǐ数shù切qiè谏jiàn,不bù得dé久jiǔ留liú内nèi,迁qiān为wèi东dōng海hǎi太tài守shǒu。 黯àn学xué黄huáng、老lǎo言yán,治zhì官guān民mín,好hǎo清qīng静jìng,择zé丞chéng史shǐ任rèn之zhī,责zé大dà指zhǐ而ér已yǐ,不bù细xì苛kē。黯àn多duō病bìng,卧wò阁gé内nèi不bù出chū。岁suì余yú,东dōng海hǎi大dà治zhì,称chēng之zhī。上shàng闻wén,召zhào为wéi主zhǔ爵jué都dū尉wèi,列liè于yú九jiǔ卿qīng。治zhì务wù在zài无wú为wéi而ér已yǐ,引yǐn大dà体tǐ,不bù拘jū文wén法fǎ。 为wéi人rén性xìng倨jù,少shǎo礼lǐ,面miàn折zhé,不bù能néng容róng人rén之zhī过guò。合hé己jǐ者zhě善shàn待dài之zhī,不bù合hé者zhě弗fú能néng忍rěn见jiàn,士shì亦yì以yǐ此cǐ不bù附fù焉yān。然rán好hǎo游yóu侠xiá,任rèn气qì节jié,行xíng修xiū洁jié。其qí谏jiàn,犯fàn主zhǔ之zhī颜yán色sè。常cháng慕mù傅fù伯bó、爰yuán盎àng之zhī为wéi人rén。善shàn灌guàn夫fū、郑zhèng当dāng时shí及jí宗zōng正zhèng刘liú弃qì疾jí。亦yì以yǐ数shù直zhí谏jiàn,不bù得dé久jiǔ居jū位wèi。 是shì时shí,太tài后hòu弟dì武wǔ安ān侯hóu田tián分fēn为wéi丞chéng相xiàng,中zhōng二èr千qiān石shí拜bài谒yè,虒sī弗fú为wèi礼lǐ。黯àn见jiàn虒sī,未wèi尝cháng拜bài,揖yī之zhī。上shàng方fāng招zhāo文wén学xué儒rú者zhě,上shàng曰yuē吾wú欲yù云yún云yún,默mò对duì曰yuē:“陛bì下xià内nèi多duō欲yù而ér外wài施shī仁rén义yì,奈nài何hé欲yù效xiào唐táng、虞yú之zhī治zhì乎hū!”上shàng怒nù,变biàn色sè而ér罢bà朝cháo。公gōng卿qīng皆jiē为wèi黯àn惧jù。上shàng退tuì,谓wèi人rén曰yuē:“甚shèn矣yǐ,汲jí黯àn之zhī戆gàng心xīn!”群qún臣chén或huò数shù黯àn,黯àn曰yuē:“天tiān子zi置zhì公gōng卿qīng辅fǔ弼bì之zhī臣chén,宁níng令lìng从cóng谀yú承chéng意yì,陷xiàn主zhǔ于yú不bù谊yì乎hū?且qiě已yǐ在zài其qí位wèi,纵zòng爱ài身shēn,奈nài辱rǔ朝cháo廷tíng何hé!” 黯àn多duō病bìng,病bìng且qiě满mǎn三sān月yuè,上shàng常cháng赐cì告gào者zhě数shù,终zhōng不bù愈yù。最zuì后hòu,严yán助zhù为wèi请qǐng告gào。上shàng曰yuē:“汲jí黯àn何hé如rú人rén也yě?”曰yuē:“使shǐ黯àn任rèn职zhí居jū官guān,亡wáng以yǐ愈yù人rén,然rán至zhì其qí辅fǔ少shǎo主zhǔ守shǒu成chéng,虽suī自zì谓wèi贲bēn、育yù弗fú能néng夺duó也yě。”上shàng曰yuē:“然rán。古gǔ有yǒu社shè稷jì之zhī臣chén,至zhì如rú汲jí黯àn,近jìn之zhī矣yǐ!” 大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng侍shì中zhōng,上shàng踞jù厕cè视shì之zhī。丞chéng相xiàng弘hóng宴yàn见jiàn,上shàng或huò时shí不bù冠guān。至zhì如rú见jiàn黯àn,不bù冠guān不bú见jiàn也yě。上shàng尝cháng坐zuò武wǔ帐zhàng,黯àn前qián奏zòu事shì,上shàng不bù冠guān,望wàng见jiàn黯àn,避bì帷wéi中zhōng,使shǐ人rén可kě其qí奏zòu。其qí见jiàn敬jìng礼lǐ如rú此cǐ。 张zhāng汤tāng以yǐ更gēng定dìng律lǜ令lìng为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,黯àn质zhì责zé汤tāng于yú上shàng前qián,曰yuē:“公gōng为wèi正zhèng卿qīng,上shàng不bù能néng褒bāo先xiān帝dì之zhī功gōng业yè,下xià不bù能néng化huà天tiān下xià之zhī邪xié心xīn,安ān国guó富fù民mín,使shǐ囹líng圄yǔ空kōng虚xū,何hé空kōng取qǔ高gāo皇huáng帝dì约yuē束shù纷fēn更gèng之zhī为wèi?而ér公gōng以yǐ此cǐ无wú种zhǒng矣yǐ!”黯àn时shí与yǔ汤tāng论lùn议yì,汤tāng辩biàn常cháng在zài文wén深shēn小xiǎo苛kē,黯àn愤fèn发fā,骂mà曰yuē:“天tiān下xià谓wèi刀dāo笔bǐ吏lì不bù可kě为wèi公gōng卿qīng,果guǒ然rán。必bì汤tāng也yě,令lìng天tiān下xià重chóng足zú而ér立lì,仄zè目mù而ér视shì矣yǐ!” 是shì时shí,汉hàn方fāng征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú,招zhāo怀huái四sì夷yí。黯àn务wù少shǎo事shì,间jiān常cháng言yán与yǔ胡hú和hé亲qīn,毋wú起qǐ兵bīng。上shàng方fāng乡xiāng儒rú术shù,尊zūn公gōng孙sūn弘hóng,及jí事shì益yì多duō,吏lì民mín巧qiǎo。上shàng分fēn别bié文wén法fǎ,汤tāng等děng数shù奏zòu决jué谳yàn以yǐ幸xìng。而ér黯àn常cháng毁huǐ儒rú,面miàn触chù弘hóng等děng徒tú怀huái诈zhà饰shì智zhì以yǐ阿ā人rén主zhǔ取qǔ容róng,而ér刀dāo笔bǐ之zhī吏lì专zhuān深shēn文wén巧qiǎo诋dǐ,陷xiàn人rén于yú罔wǎng,以yǐ自zì为wèi功gōng。上shàng愈yù益yì贵guì弘hóng、汤tāng,弘hóng、汤tāng心xīn疾jí黯àn,虽suī上shàng亦yì不bù说shuō也yě,欲yù诛zhū之zhī以yǐ事shì。弘hóng为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,乃nǎi言yán上shàng曰yuē:“右yòu内nèi史shǐ界jiè部bù中zhōng多duō贵guì人rén宗zōng室shì,难nán治zhì,非fēi素sù重zhòng臣chén弗fú能néng任rèn,请qǐng徙xǐ黯àn。”为wèi右yòu内nèi史shǐ数shù岁suì,官guān事shì不bù废fèi。 大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng既jì益yì尊zūn,姊zǐ为wèi皇huáng后hòu,然rán黯àn与yǔ亢kàng礼lǐ。或huò说shuō黯àn曰yuē:“自zì天tiān子zi欲yù令lìng群qún臣chén下xià大dà将jiāng军jūn,大dà将jiāng军jūn尊zūn贵guì,诚chéng重zhòng,君jūn不bù可kě以yǐ不bù拜bài。”黯àn曰yuē:“夫fū以yǐ大dà将jiāng军jūn有yǒu揖yī客kè,反fǎn不bù重zhòng耶yé?”大dà将jiāng军jūn闻wén,愈yù贤xián黯àn,数shù请qǐng问wèn以yǐ朝cháo廷tíng所suǒ疑yí,遇yù黯àn加jiā于yú平píng日rì。 淮huái南nán王wáng谋móu反fǎn,惮dàn黯àn,曰yuē:“黯àn好hǎo直zhí谏jiàn,守shǒu节jié死sǐ义yì;至zhì说shuō公gōng孙sūn弘hóng等děng,如rú发fā蒙mēng耳ěr。” 上shàng既jì数shù征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú有yǒu功gōng,黯àn言yán益yì不bù用yòng。 始shǐ黯àn列liè九jiǔ卿qīng矣yǐ,而ér公gōng孙sūn弘hóng、张zhāng汤tāng为wèi小xiǎo吏lì。及jí弘hóng、汤tāng稍shāo贵guì,与yǔ黯àn同tóng位wèi,黯àn又yòu非fēi毁huǐ弘hóng、汤tāng。已yǐ而ér弘hóng至zhì丞chéng相xiàng,封fēng侯hóu,汤tāng御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,黯àn时shí丞chéng史shǐ皆jiē与yǔ同tóng列liè,或huò尊zūn用yòng过guò之zhī。黯àn褊biǎn心xīn,不bù能néng无wú少shǎo望wàng,见jiàn上shàng,言yán曰yuē:“陛bì下xià用yòng群qún臣chén如rú积jī薪xīn耳ěr,后hòu来lái者zhě居jū上shàng。”黯àn罢bà,上shàng曰yuē:“人rén果guǒ不bù可kě以yǐ无wú学xué,观guān汲jí黯àn之zhī言yán,日rì益yì甚shèn矣yǐ。” 居jū无wú何hé,匈xiōng奴nú浑hún邪xié王wáng帅shuài众zhòng来lái降jiàng,汉hàn发fā车chē二èr万wàn乘chéng。县xiàn官guān亡wáng钱qián,从cóng民mín贳shì马mǎ。民mín或huò匿nì马mǎ,马mǎ不bù具jù。上shàng怒nù,欲yù斩zhǎn长cháng安ān令lìng。黯àn曰yuē:“长cháng安ān令lìng亡wáng罪zuì,独dú斩zhǎn臣chén黯àn,民mín乃nǎi肯kěn出chū马mǎ。且qiě匈xiōng奴nú畔pàn其qí主zhǔ而ér降jiàng汉hàn,徐xú以yǐ县xiàn次cì传chuán之zhī,何hé至zhì令lìng天tiān下xià骚sāo动dòng,罢bà中zhōng国guó,甘gān心xīn夷yí狄dí之zhī人rén乎hū!”上shàng默mò然rán。后hòu浑hún邪xié王wáng至zhì,贾gǔ人rén与yǔ市shì者zhě,坐zuò当dāng死sǐ五wǔ百bǎi余yú人rén。黯àn入rù,请qǐng间jiān,见jiàn高gāo门mén,曰yuē:“夫fū匈xiōng奴nú攻gōng当dāng路lù塞sāi,绝jué和hé亲qīn,中zhōng国guó举jǔ兵bīng诛zhū之zhī,死sǐ伤shāng不bù可kě胜shèng计jì,而ér费fèi以yǐ巨jù万wàn百bǎi数shù。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi陛bì下xià得dé胡hú人rén,皆jiē以yǐ为wéi奴nú婢bì,赐cì从cóng军jūn死sǐ者zhě家jiā;卤lǔ获huò,因yīn与yǔ之zhī,以yǐ谢xiè天tiān下xià,塞sāi百bǎi姓xìng之zhī心xīn。今jīn纵zòng不bù能néng,浑hún邪xié帅shuài数shù万wàn之zhī众zhòng来lái,虚xū府fǔ库kù赏shǎng赐cì,发fā良liáng民mín侍shì养yǎng,若ruò奉fèng骄jiāo子zi。愚yú民mín安ān知zhī市shì买mǎi长cháng安ān中zhōng而ér文wén吏lì绳shéng以yǐ为wéi阑lán出chū财cái物wù如rú边biān关guān乎hū?陛bì下xià纵zòng不bù能néng得dé匈xiōng奴nú之zhī赢yíng以yǐ谢xiè天tiān下xià,又yòu以yǐ微wēi文wén杀shā无wú知zhī者zhě五wǔ百bǎi余yú人rén,臣chén窃qiè为wèi陛bì下xià弗fú取qǔ也yě。”上shàng弗fú许xǔ,曰yuē:“吾wú久jiǔ不bù闻wén汲jí黯àn之zhī言yán,今jīn又yòu复fù妄wàng发fā矣yǐ。”后hòu数shù月yuè,黯àn坐zuò小xiǎo法fǎ,会huì赦shè,免miǎn官guān。于yú是shì黯àn隐yǐn于yú田tián园yuán者zhě数shù年nián。 会huì更gèng立lì五wǔ铢zhū钱qián,民mín多duō盗dào铸zhù钱qián者zhě,楚chǔ地dì尤yóu甚shèn。上shàng以yǐ为wéi淮huái阳yáng,楚chǔ地dì之zhī郊jiāo也yě,召zhào黯àn拜bài为wèi淮huái阳yáng太tài守shǒu。黯àn伏fú谢xiè不bù受shòu印yìn绶shòu,诏zhào数shù强qiáng予yǔ,然rán后hòu奉fèng诏zhào。召zhào上shàng殿diàn,黯àn泣qì曰yuē:“臣chén自zì以yǐ为wéi填tián沟gōu壑hè,不bù复fù见jiàn陛bì下xià,不bù意yì陛bì下xià复fù收shōu之zhī。臣chén常cháng有yǒu狗gǒu马mǎ之zhī心xīn,今jīn病bìng,力lì不bù能néng任rèn郡jùn事shì。臣chén愿yuàn为wèi中zhōng郎láng,出chū入rù禁jìn闼tà,补bǔ过guò拾shí遗yí,臣chén之zhī愿yuàn也yě。”上shàng曰yuē:“君jūn薄báo淮huái阳yáng邪xié?吾wú今jīn召zhào君jūn矣yǐ。顾gù淮huái阳yáng吏lì民mín不bù相xiāng得de,吾wú徒tú得dé君jūn重zhòng,卧wò而ér治zhì之zhī。”黯àn既jì辞cí,过guò大dà行xíng李lǐ息xī,曰yuē:“黯àn弃qì逐zhú居jū郡jùn,不bù得dé与yǔ朝cháo廷tíng议yì矣yǐ。然rán御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū汤tāng智zhì足zú以yǐ距jù谏jiàn,诈zhà足zú以yǐ饰shì非fēi,非fēi肯kěn正zhèng为wèi天tiān下xià言yán,专zhuān阿ā主zhǔ意yì。主zhǔ意yì所suǒ不bù欲yù,因yīn而ér毁huǐ之zhī;主zhǔ意yì所suǒ欲yù,因yīn而ér誉yù之zhī。好hǎo兴xīng事shì,舞wǔ文wén法fǎ,内nèi怀huái诈zhà以yǐ御yù主zhǔ心xīn,外wài挟xié贼zéi吏lì以yǐ为wéi重zhòng。公gōng列liè九jiǔ卿qīng不bù早zǎo言yán之zhī何hé?公gōng与yǔ之zhī俱jù受shòu其qí戮lù矣yǐ!”息xī畏wèi汤tāng,终zhōng不bù敢gǎn言yán。黯àn居jū郡jùn如rú其qí故gù治zhì,淮huái阳yáng政zhèng清qīng。 后hòu张zhāng汤tāng败bài,上shàng闻wén黯àn与yǔ息xī言yán,抵dǐ息xī罪zuì。令lìng黯àn以yǐ诸zhū侯hóu相xiāng秩zhì居jū淮huái阳yáng。居jū淮huái阳yáng十shí岁suì而ér卒zú。卒zú后hòu,上shàng以yǐ黯àn故gù,官guān其qí弟dì仁rén至zhì九jiǔ卿qīng,子zi偃yǎn至zhì诸zhū侯hóu相xiāng。黯àn姊zǐ子zi司sī马mǎ安ān亦yì少shǎo与yǔ黯àn为wèi太tài子zi洗xǐ马mǎ。安ān文wén深shēn巧qiǎo善shàn宦huàn,四sì至zhì九jiǔ卿qīng,以yǐ河hé南nán太tài守shǒu卒zú。昆kūn弟dì以yǐ安ān故gù,同tóng时shí至zhì二èr千qiān石shí十shí人rén。濮pú阳yáng段duàn宏hóng始shǐ事shì盖gài侯hóu信xìn,信xìn任rèn宏hóng,官guān亦yì再zài至zhì九jiǔ卿qīng。然rán卫wèi人rén仕shì者zhě皆jiē严yán惮dàn汲jí黯àn,出chū其qí下xià。 郑zhèng当dāng时shí字zì庄zhuāng,陈chén人rén也yě。其qí先xiān郑zhèng君jūn尝cháng事shì项xiàng籍jí,籍jí死sǐ而ér属shǔ汉hàn。高gāo祖zǔ令lìng诸zhū故gù项xiàng籍jí臣chén名míng籍jí,郑zhèng君jūn独dú不bù奉fèng诏zhào。诏zhào尽jǐn拜bài名míng籍jí者zhě为wèi大dà夫fū,而ér逐zhú郑zhèng君jūn。郑zhèng君jūn死sǐ孝xiào文wén时shí。 当dāng时shí以yǐ任rèn侠xiá自zì喜xǐ,脱tuō张zhāng羽yǔ于yú厄è,声shēng闻wén梁liáng、楚chǔ间jiān。孝xiào景jǐng时shí,为wèi太tài子zi舍shě人rén。每měi五wǔ日rì洗xǐ沐mù,常cháng置zhì驿yì马mǎ长cháng安ān诸zhū郊jiāo,请qǐng谢xiè宾bīn客kè,夜yè以yǐ继jì日rì,至zhì明míng旦dàn,常cháng恐kǒng不bù遍biàn。当dāng时shí好hǎo黄huáng、老lǎo言yán,其qí慕mù长zhǎng者zhě,如rú恐kǒng不bù称chēng。自zì见jiàn年nián少shào官guān薄báo,然rán其qí知zhī友yǒu皆jiē大dà父fù行xíng,天tiān下xià有yǒu名míng之zhī士shì也yě。 武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,当dāng时shí稍shāo迁qiān为wèi鲁lǔ中zhōng尉wèi,济jǐ南nán太tài守shǒu,江jiāng都dū相xiāng,至zhì九jiǔ卿qīng为wèi右yòu内nèi史shǐ。以yǐ武wǔ安ān魏wèi其qí时shí议yì,贬biǎn秩zhì为wèi詹zhān事shì,迁qiān为wèi大dà司sī农nóng。 当dāng时shí为wèi大dà吏lì,戒jiè门mén下xià:“客kè至zhì,亡wáng贵guì贱jiàn亡wáng留liú门mén者zhě。”执zhí宾bīn主zhǔ之zhī礼lǐ,以yǐ其qí贵guì下xià人rén。性xìng廉lián,又yòu不bù治zhì产chǎn,卬áng奉fèng赐cì给gěi诸zhū公gōng。然rán其qí馈kuì遗yí人rén,不bù过guò具jù器qì食shí。每měi朝cháo,候hòu上shàng间jiān说shuō,未wèi尝cháng不bù言yán天tiān下xià长zhǎng者zhě。其qí推tuī毂gǔ士shì及jí官guān属shǔ丞chéng史shǐ,诚chéng有yǒu味wèi其qí言yán也yě。常cháng引yǐn以yǐ为wéi贤xián于yú己jǐ。未wèi尝cháng名míng吏lì,与yǔ官guān属shǔ言yán,若ruò恐kǒng伤shāng之zhī。闻wén人rén之zhī善shàn言yán,进jìn之zhī上shàng,唯wéi恐kǒng后hòu。山shān东dōng诸zhū公gōng为wèi此cǐ翕xī然rán称chēng郑zhèng庄zhuāng。 使shǐ视shì决jué河hé,自zì请qǐng治zhì行xíng五wǔ日rì。上shàng曰yuē:“吾wú闻wén郑zhèng庄zhuāng行xíng,千qiān里lǐ不bù赍jī粮liáng,治zhì行xíng者zhě何hé也yě?”然rán当dāng时shí以yǐ朝cháo,常cháng趋qū和hé承chéng意yì,不bù敢gǎn甚shèn斥chì臧zāng否pǐ。汉hàn征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú,招zhāo四sì夷yí,天tiān下xià费fèi多duō,财cái用yòng益yì屈qū。当dāng时shí为wèi大dà司sī农nóng,任rèn人rén宾bīn客kè僦jiù,入rù多duō逋bū负fù。司sī马mǎ安ān为wèi淮huái阳yáng太tài守shǒu,发fā其qí事shì,当dāng时shí在zài此cǐ陷xiàn罪zuì,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。顷qǐng之zhī,守shǒu长zhǎng史shǐ。迁qiān汝rǔ南nán太tài守shǒu,数shù岁suì,以yǐ官guān卒zú。昆kūn弟dì以yǐ当dāng时shí故gù,至zhì二èr千qiān石shí者zhě六liù七qī人rén。 当dāng时shí始shǐ与yǔ汲jí黯àn列liè为wèi九jiǔ卿qīng,内nèi行háng修xiū。两liǎng人rén中zhōng废fèi,宾bīn客kè益yì落luò。当dāng时shí死sǐ,家jiā亡wáng余yú财cái。 先xiān是shì,下xià刲kuī翟dí公gōng为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,宾bīn客kè亦yì填tián门mén,及jí废fèi,门mén外wài可kě设shè爵jué罗luó。后hòu复fù为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,客kè欲yù往wǎng,翟dí公gōng大dà署shǔ其qí门mén,曰yuē:“一yī死sǐ一yī生shēng,乃nǎi知zhī交jiāo情qíng;一yī贫pín一yī富fù,乃nǎi知zhī交jiāo态tài;一yī贵guì一yī贱jiàn,交jiāo情qíng乃nǎi见jiàn。” 赞zàn曰yuē:张zhāng释shì之zhī之zhī守shǒu法fǎ,冯féng唐táng之zhī论lùn将jiāng,汲jí黯àn之zhī正zhèng直zhí,郑zhèng当dāng时shí之zhī推tuī士shì,不bù如rú是shì,亦yì何hé以yǐ成chéng名míng哉zāi!扬yáng子zi以yǐ为wéi孝xiào文wén帝dì诎qū帝dì尊zūn以yǐ信xìn亚yà夫fū之zhī军jūn,曷hé为wèi不bù能néng用yòng颇pǒ、牧mù?彼bǐ将jiāng有yǒu激jī云yún尔ěr。

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