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卷juǎn五wǔ十shí五wǔ犖luò狼láng嗷áo羧suōゲ〈诙huī十shí

卫wèi青qīng字zì仲zhòng卿qīng。其qí父fù郑zhèng季jì,河hé东dōng平píng阳yáng人rén也yě,以yǐ县xiàn吏lì给gěi事shì侯hóu家jiā。平píng阳yáng侯hóu曹cáo寿shòu尚shàng武wǔ帝dì姊zǐ阳yáng信xìn长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ。季jì与yǔ主zhǔ家jiā僮tóng卫wèi媪ǎo通tōng,生shēng青qīng。青qīng有yǒu同tóng母mǔ兄xiōng卫wèi长zhǎng君jūn及jí姊zǐ子zi夫fū,子zi夫fū自zì平píng阳yáng公gōng主zhǔ家jiā得dé幸xìng武wǔ帝dì,故gù青qīng冒mào姓xìng为wèi卫wèi氏shì。卫wèi媪ǎo长zhǎng女nǚ君jūn孺rú,次cì女nǚ少shào儿ér,次cì女nǚ则zé子zi夫fū。子zi夫fū男nán弟dì步bù广guǎng,皆jiē冒mào卫wèi氏shì。 青qīng为wèi侯hóu家jiā人rén,少shǎo时shí归guī其qí父fù,父fù使shǐ牧mù羊yáng。民mín母mǔ之zhī子zi皆jiē奴nú畜chù之zhī,不bù以yǐ为wéi兄xiōng弟dì数shù。青qīng尝cháng从cóng人rén至zhì甘gān泉quán居jū室shì,有yǒu一yī钳qián徒tú相xiāng青qīng曰yuē:“贵guì人rén也yě,官guān至zhì封fēng侯hóu。”青qīng笑xiào曰yuē:“人rén奴nú之zhī生shēng,得dé无wú笞chī骂mà即jí足zú矣yǐ,安ān得dé封fēng侯hóu事shì乎hū!” 青qīng壮zhuàng,为wèi侯hóu家jiā骑qí,从cóng平píng阳yáng主zhǔ。建jiàn元yuán二èr年nián春chūn,青qīng姊zǐ子zi夫fū得dé入rù宫gōng幸xìng上shàng。皇huáng后hòu,大dà长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ女nǚ也yě,无wú子zi,妒dù。大dà长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ闻wén卫wèi子zi夫fū幸xìng,有yǒu身shēn,妒dù之zhī,乃nǎi使shǐ人rén捕bǔ青qīng。青qīng时shí给gěi事shì建jiàn章zhāng,未wèi知zhī名míng。大dà长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ执zhí囚qiú青qīng,欲yù杀shā之zhī。其qí友yǒu骑qí郎láng公gōng孙sūn敖áo与yǔ壮zhuàng士shì往wǎng篡cuàn之zhī,故gù得dé不bù死sǐ。上shàng闻wén,乃nǎi召zhào青qīng为wèi建jiàn章zhāng监jiān,侍shì中zhōng。及jí母mǔ昆kūn弟dì贵guì,赏shǎng赐cì数shù日rì间jiān累lèi千qiān金jīn。君jūn孺rú为wèi太tài仆pū公gōng孙sūn贺hè妻qī。少shǎo+砉huò视shì氤yīn抡lūn仆pūǎ险xiǎn俟qí笳jiā啤pí9锇é接jiē纱shā艘sōu嫦cháng浴yùW臃yōng蛭zhì蛉líng恕shùG辔pèi写xiě蠓měng颉jié 元yuán光guāng六liù年nián,拜bài为wèi车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn,击jī匈xiōng奴nú,出chū上shàng谷gǔ;公gōng孙sūn贺hè为wèi轻qīng年nián将jiāng军jūn,出chū云yún中zhōng;太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū公gōng孙sūn敖áo为wèi骑qí将jiāng军jūn,出chū代dài郡jùn;卫wèi尉wèi李lǐ广guǎng为wèi骁xiāo骑qí将jiāng军jūn,出chū雁yàn门mén:军jūn各gè万wàn骑qí。青qīng至zhì笼lóng城chéng,斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ数shù百bǎi。骑qí将jiāng军jūn敖áo亡wáng七qī千qiān骑qí,卫wèi尉wèi广guǎng为wèi虏lǔ所suǒ得de,得dé脱tuō归guī,皆jiē当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。贺hè亦yì无wú功gōng。唯wéi青qīng赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。是shì后hòu匈xiōng奴nú仍réng侵qīn犯fàn边biān。语yǔ在zài《匈xiōng奴nú传chuán》。 元yuán朔shuò元yuán年nián春chūn,卫wèi夫fū人rén有yǒu男nán,立lì为wèi皇huáng后hòu。其qí秋qiū,青qīng复fù将jiāng三sān万wàn骑qí出chū雁yàn门mén,李lǐ息xī出chū代dài郡jùn。青qīng斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ数shù千qiān。明míng年nián,青qīng复fù出chū云yún中zhōng,西xī至zhì高gāo阙quē,遂suì至zhì于yú陇lǒng西xī,捕bǔ首shǒu虏lǔ数shù千qiān,畜chù百bǎi余yú万wàn,走zǒu白bái羊yáng、楼lóu烦fán王wáng。遂suì取qǔ河hé南nán地dì为wèi朔shuò方fāng郡jùn。以yǐ三sān千qiān八bā百bǎi户hù封fēng青qīng为wèi长zhǎng平píng侯hóu。青qīng校xiào尉wèi苏sū建jiàn为wèi平píng陵líng侯hóu,张zhāng次cì公gōng为wèi岸àn头tóu侯hóu。使shǐ建jiàn筑zhù朔shuò方fāng城chéng。上shàng曰yuē:“匈xiōng奴nú逆nì天tiān理lǐ,乱luàn人rén伦lún,暴bào长zhǎng虐nüè老lǎo,以yǐ盗dào窃qiè为wèi务wù,行xíng诈zhà诸zhū蛮mán夷yí,造zào谋móu籍jí兵bīng,数shù为wèi边biān害hài。故gù兴xīng师shī遗yí将jiāng,以yǐ征zhēng厥jué罪zuì。《诗shī》不bù云yún乎hū?‘薄báo伐fá猃xiǎn允yǔn,至zhì于yú太tài原yuán’;‘出chū车chē彭péng彭péng,城chéng彼bǐ朔shuò方fāng’。今jīn年nián骑qí将jiāng军jūn青qīng度dù西xī河hé至zhì高gāo阙quē,获huò首shǒu二èr千qiān三sān百bǎi级jí,车chē辎zī畜xù产chǎn毕bì收shōu为wèi卤lǔ,已yǐ封fēng为wèi列liè侯hóu,遂suì西xī定dìng河hé南nán地dì,案àn榆yú溪xī旧jiù塞sāi,绝jué梓zǐ领lǐng,梁liáng北běi河hé,讨tǎo薄báo泥ní,破pò符fú离lí,斩zhǎn轻qīng锐ruì之zhī卒zú,捕bǔ伏fú听tīng者zhě三sān千qiān一yī十shí七qī级jí。执zhí讯xùn获huò丑chǒu,驱qū马mǎ牛niú羊yáng百bǎi有yǒu余yú万wàn,全quán甲jiǎ兵bīng而ér还hái,益yì封fēng青qīng三sān千qiān八bā百bǎi户hù。”其qí后hòu匈xiōng奴nú比bǐ岁suì入rù代dài郡jùn、雁yàn门mén、定dìng襄xiāng、上shàng郡jùn、朔shuò方fāng,所suǒ杀shā略lüè甚shèn众zhòng。语yǔ在zài《匈xiōng奴nú传chuán》。 元yuán朔shuò五wǔ年nián春chūn,令lìng青qīng将jiāng三sān万wàn骑qí出chū高gāo阙quē,卫wèi尉wèi苏sū建jiàn为wèi游yóu击jī将jiāng军jūn,左zuǒ内nèi史shǐ李lǐ沮jǔ为wèi强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn,太tài仆pū公gōng孙sūn贺hè为wèi骑qí将jiāng军jūn,代dài相xiāng李lǐ蔡cài为wèi轻qīng车chē将jiāng军jūn,皆jiē领lǐng属shǔ车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn,俱jù出chū朔shuò方fāng。大dà行xíng李lǐ息xī、岸àn头tóu侯hóu张zhāng次cì公gōng为wèi将jiāng军jūn,俱jù出chū右yòu北běi平píng。匈xiōng奴nú右yòu贤xián王wáng当dāng青qīng等děng兵bīng,以yǐ为wéi汉hàn兵bīng不bù能néng至zhì此cǐ,饮yǐn醉zuì,汉hàn兵bīng夜yè至zhì,围wéi右yòu贤xián王wáng。右yòu贤xián王wáng惊jīng,夜yè逃táo,独dú与yǔ其qí爱ài妾qiè一yī人rén骑qí数shù百bǎi驰chí,溃kuì围wéi北běi去qù。汉hàn轻qīng骑qí校xiào尉wèi郭guō成chéng等děng追zhuī数shù百bǎi里lǐ,弗fú得dé,得dé右yòu贤xián裨bì王wáng十shí余yú人rén,众zhòng男nán女nǚ万wàn五wǔ千qiān余yú人rén,畜chù数shù十shí百bǎi万wàn,于yú是shì引yǐn兵bīng而ér还hái。至zhì塞sāi,天tiān子zi使shǐ使shǐ者zhě持chí大dà将jiāng军jūn印yìn,即jí军jūn中zhōng拜bài青qīng为wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn,诸zhū将jiāng皆jiē以yǐ兵bīng属shǔ,立lì号hào而ér归guī。上shàng曰yuē:“大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng躬gōng率lǜ戎róng士shì,师shī大dà捷jié,获huò匈xiōng奴nú王wáng十shí有yǒu余yú人rén,益yì封fēng青qīng八bā千qiān七qī百bǎi户hù。”而ér封fēng青qīng子zi伉kàng为wèi宜yí春chūn侯hóu,子zi不bù疑yí为wéi阴yīn安ān侯hóu,子zi登dēng为wèi发fā干gàn侯hóu。青qīng固gù谢xiè曰yuē:“臣chén幸xìng得de待dài罪zuì行xíng间jiān,赖lài陛bì下xià神shén灵líng,军jūn大dà捷jié,皆jiē诸zhū校xiào力lì战zhàn之zhī功gōng也yě。陛bì下xià幸xìng已yǐ益yì封fēng臣chén青qīng,臣chén青qīng子zi在zài襁qiǎng褓bǎo中zhōng,未wèi有yǒu勤qín劳láo,上shàng幸xìng裂liè地dì封fēng为wèi三sān侯hóu,非fēi臣chén待dài罪zuì行xíng间jiān所suǒ以yǐ劝quàn士shì力lì战zhàn之zhī意yì也yě。伉kàng等děng三sān人rén何hé敢gǎn受shòu封fēng!”上shàng曰yuē:“我wǒ非fēi忘wàng诸zhū校xiào功gōng也yě,今jīn固gù且qiě图tú之zhī。”乃nǎi诏zhào御yù史shǐ曰yuē:“护hù军jūn都dū尉wèi公gōng孙sūn敖áo三sān从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn击jī匈xiōng奴nú,常cháng护hù军jūn傅fù校xiào获huò王wáng,封fēng敖áo为wèi合hé骑qí侯hóu。都dū尉wèi韩hán说shuō从cóng大dà军jūn出chū 浑hún,至zhì匈xiōng奴nú右yòu贤xián王wáng庭tíng,为wèi戏xì下xià搏bó战zhàn获huò王wáng,封fēng说shuō为wèi龙lóng额é侯hóu。骑qí将jiāng军jūn贺hè从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn获huò王wáng,封fēng贺hè为wèi南nán 侯hóu。轻qīng车chē将jiāng军jūn李lǐ蔡cài再zài从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn获huò王wáng,封fēng蔡cài为wèi乐lè安ān侯hóu。校xiào尉wèi李lǐ朔shuò、赵zhào不bù虞yú、公gōng孙sūn戎róng奴nú各gè三sān从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn获huò王wáng,封fēng朔shuò为wèi陟zhì轵zhǐ侯hóu,不bù虞yú为wèi随suí成chéng侯hóu,戎róng奴nú为wèi从cóng平píng侯hóu。将jiāng军jūn李lǐ沮jǔ、李lǐ息xī及jí校xiào尉wèi豆dòu如rú意yì、中zhōng郎láng将jiāng绾wǎn皆jiē有yǒu功gōng,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。沮jǔ、息xī、如rú意yì食shí邑yì各gè三sān百bǎi户hù。”其qí秋qiū,匈xiōng奴nú入rù代dài,杀shā都dū尉wèi。 明míng年nián春chūn,大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng出chū定dìng襄xiāng,合hé骑qí侯hóu敖áo为wèi中zhōng将jiàng军jūn,太tài仆pū贺hè为wèi左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn,翕xī侯hóu赵zhào信xìn为wèi前qián将jiāng军jūn,卫wèi尉wèi苏sū建jiàn为wèi右yòu将jiāng军jūn,郎láng中zhōng令lìng李lǐ广guǎng为wèi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,左zuǒ内nèi史shǐ李lǐ沮jǔ为wèi强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn,咸xián属shǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn,斩zhǎn首shǒu数shù千qiān级jí而ér还hái。月yuè余yú,悉xī复fù出chū定dìng襄xiāng,斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ万wàn余yú人rén。苏sū建jiàn、赵zhào信xìn并bìng军jūn三sān千qiān余yú骑qí,独dú逢féng单chán于yú兵bīng,与yǔ战zhàn一yī日rì余yú,汉hàn兵bīng且qiě尽jǐn。信xìn故gù胡hú人rén,降jiàng为wèi翕xī侯hóu,见jiàn急jí,匈xiōng奴nú诱yòu之zhī,遂suì将jiāng其qí余yú骑qí可kě八bā百bǎi奔bēn降jiàng单chán于yú。苏sū建jiàn尽jǐn亡wáng其qí军jūn,独dú以yǐ身shēn得dé亡wáng去qù,自zì归guī青qīng。青qīng问wèn其qí罪zuì正zhèng闳hóng、长zhǎng史shǐ安ān、议yì郎láng周zhōu霸bà等děng:“建jiàn当dāng云yún何hé?”霸bà曰yuē:“自zì大dà将jiāng军jūn出chū,未wèi尝cháng斩zhǎn裨pí将jiàng,今jīn建jiàn弃qì军jūn,可kě斩zhǎn,以yǐ明míng将jiāng军jūn之zhī威wēi。”闳hóng、安ān曰yuē:“不bù然rán。兵bīng法fǎ‘小xiǎo敌dí之zhī坚jiān,大dà敌dí之zhī禽qín也yě。’今jīn建jiàn以yǐ数shù千qiān当dāng单chán于yú数shù万wàn,力lì战zhàn一yī日rì余yú,士shì皆jiē不bù敢gǎn有yǒu二èr心xīn。自zì归guī而ér斩zhǎn之zhī,是shì示shì后hòu无wú反fǎn意yì也yě。不bù当dàng斩zhǎn。”青qīng曰yuē:“青qīng幸xìng得de以yǐ肺fèi附fù待dài罪zuì行xíng间jiān,不bù患huàn无wú威wēi,而ér霸bà说shuō我wǒ以yǐ明míng威wēi,甚shèn失shī臣chén意yì。且qiě使shǐ臣chén职zhí虽suī当dāng斩zhǎn将jiāng,以yǐ臣chén之zhī尊zūn宠chǒng而ér不bù敢gǎn自zì擅shàn专zhuān诛zhū于yú境jìng外wài,其qí归guī天tiān子zi,天tiān子zi自zì裁cái之zhī,于yú以yǐ风fēng为wéi人rén臣chén不bù敢gǎn专zhuān权quán,不bù亦yì可kě乎hū?”官guān吏lì皆jiē曰yuē“善shàn”。遂suì囚qiú建jiàn行háng在zài所suǒ。 是shì岁suì也yě,霍huò去qù病bìng始shǐ侯hóu。 霍huò去qù病bìng,大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng姊zǐ少shào儿ér子zi也yě。其qí父fù霍huò仲zhòng孺rú先xiān与yǔ少shào儿ér通tōng,生shēng去qù病bìng。及jí卫wèi皇huáng后hòu尊zūn,少shào儿ér更gèng为wéi詹zhān事shì陈chén掌zhǎng妻qī。去qù病bìng以yǐ皇huáng后hòu姊zǐ子zi,年nián十shí八bā为wèi侍shì中zhōng。善shàn骑qí射shè,再zài从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn。大dà将jiāng军jūn受shòu诏zhào,予yǔ壮zhuàng士shì,为wèi票piào姚yáo校xiào尉wèi,与yǔ轻qīng勇yǒng骑qí八bā百bǎi直zhí弃qì大dà军jūn数shù百bǎi里lǐ赴fù利lì,斩zhǎn捕bǔ首shǒu虏lǔ过guò当dàng。于yú是shì上shàng曰yuē:“票piào姚yáo校xiào尉wèi去qù病bìng斩zhǎn首shǒu捕bǔ虏lǔ二èr千qiān二èr十shí八bā级jí,得dé相xiàng国guó、当dāng户hù,斩zhǎn单chán于yú大dà父fù行xíng籍jí若ruò侯hóu产chǎn,捕bǔ季jì父fù罗luó姑gū比bǐ,再zài冠guàn军jūn,以yǐ二èr千qiān五wǔ百bǎi户hù封fēng去qù病bìng为wèi冠guàn军jūn侯hóu。上shàng谷gǔ太tài守shǒu郝hǎo贤xián四sì从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,捕bǔ首shǒu虏lǔ千qiān三sān百bǎi级jí,封fēng贤xián为wèi终zhōng利lì侯hóu。骑qí干gàn孟mèng已yǐ有yǒu功gōng,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,邑yì二èr百bǎi户hù。” 是shì岁suì失shī两liǎng将jiāng军jūn,亡wáng翕xī侯hóu,功gōng不bù多duō,故gù青qīng不bù益yì封fēng。苏sū建jiàn至zhì,上shàng弗fú诛zhū,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。青qīng赐cì千qiān金jīn。是shì时shí王wáng夫fū人rén方fāng幸xìng于yú上shàng,甯níng乘chéng说shuō青qīng曰yuē:“将jiāng军jūn所suǒ以yǐ功gōng未wèi甚shèn多duō,身shēn食shí万wàn户hù,三sān子zi皆jiē为wèi侯hóu者zhě,以yǐ皇huáng后hòu故gù也yě。今jīn王wáng夫fū人rén幸xìng而ér家jiā族zú未wèi富fù贵guì,愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn奉fèng所suǒ赐cì千qiān金jīn为wèi王wáng夫fū人rén亲qīn寿shòu。”青qīng以yǐ五wǔ百bǎi金jīn为wèi王wáng夫fū人rén亲qīn寿shòu。上shàng闻wén,问wèn青qīng,青qīng以yǐ实shí对duì。上shàng乃nǎi拜bài甯níng乘chéng为wèi东dōng海hǎi都dū尉wèi。 校xiào尉wèi张zhāng赛sài从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,以yǐ尝cháng使shǐ大dà夏xià,留liú匈xiōng奴nú中zhōng久jiǔ,道dào军jūn,知zhī善shàn水shuǐ草cǎo处chù,军jūn得dé以yǐ无wú饥jī渴kě,因yīn前qián使shǐ绝jué国guó功gōng,封fēng骞qiān为wèi博bó望wàng侯hóu。 去qù病bìng侯hóu三sān岁suì,元yuán狩shòu二èr年nián春chūn为wèi票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn,将jiāng万wàn骑qí出chū陇lǒng西xī,有yǒu功gōng。上shàng曰yuē:“票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn率lǜ戎róng士shì逾yú乌wū ,讨tǎo脩xiū濮pú,涉shè狐hú奴nú,历lì五wǔ王wáng国guó,辎zī重zhòng人rén众zhòng摄shè詟zhé者zhě弗fú取qǔ,几jǐ获huò单chán于yú子zi。转zhuǎn战zhàn六liù日rì,过guò焉yān支zhī山shān千qiān有yǒu余yú里lǐ,合hé短duǎn兵bīng,鏖áo皋gāo兰lán下xià,杀shā折zhé兰lán王wáng,斩zhǎn卢lú侯hóu王wáng,锐ruì悍hàn者zhě诛zhū,全quán甲jiǎ获huò丑chǒu,执zhí浑hún邪xié王wáng子zǐ及jí相xiàng国guó、都dū尉wèi,捷jié首shǒu虏lǔ八bā千qiān九jiǔ百bǎi六liù十shí级jí,收shōu休xiū屠tú祭jì天tiān金jīn人rén,师shī率lǜ减jiǎn什shén七qī,益yì封fēng去qù病bìng二èr千qiān二èr百bǎi户hù。” 其qí夏xià,去qù病bìng与yǔ合hé骑qí侯hóu敖áo俱jù出chū北běi地dì,异yì道dào。博bó望wàng侯hóu张zhāng赛sài、郎láng中zhōng令lìng李lǐ广guǎng俱jù出chū右yòu北běi平píng,异yì道dào。广guǎng将jiāng四sì千qiān骑qí先xiān至zhì,骞qiān将jiāng万wàn骑qí后hòu。匈xiōng奴nú左zuǒ贤xián王wáng将jiāng数shù万wàn骑qí围wéi广guǎng,广guǎng与yǔ战zhàn二èr日rì,死sǐ者zhě过guò半bàn,所suǒ杀shā亦yì过guò当dàng。骞qiān至zhì,匈xiōng奴nú引yǐn兵bīng去qù。骞qiān坐zuò行xíng留liú,当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。而ér去qù病bìng出chū北běi地dì,遂suì深shēn入rù,合hé骑qí侯hóu失shī道dào,不bù相xiāng得de。去qù病bìng至zhì祁qí连lián山shān,捕bǔ首shǒu虏lǔ甚shèn多duō。上shàng曰yuē:“票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn涉shè钧jūn耆qí,济jì居jū延yán,遂suì臻zhēn小xiǎo月yuè氏zhī,攻gōng祁qí连lián山shān,扬yáng武wǔ乎hū鱳lì得dé,得dé单chán于yú单dān桓huán、酋qiú涂tú王wáng,及jí相xiàng国guó、都dū尉wèi以yǐ众zhòng降jiàng下xià者zhě二èr千qiān五wǔ百bǎi人rén,可kě谓wèi能néng舍shě服fú知zhī成chéng而ér止zhǐ矣yǐ。捷jié首shǒu虏lǔ三sān万wàn二èr百bǎi,获huò五wǔ王wáng,王wáng母mǔ、单chán于yú阏è氏shì、王wáng子zǐ五wǔ十shí九jiǔ人rén,相xiàng国guó、将jiāng军jūn、当dāng户hù、都dū尉wèi六liù十shí三sān人rén,师shī大dà率shuài减jiǎn什shén三sān,益yì封fēng去qù病bìng五wǔ千qiān四sì百bǎi户hù。赐cì校xiào尉wèi从cóng至zhì小xiǎo月yuè氏zhī者zhě爵jué左zuǒ庶shù长zhǎng。鹰yīng击jī司sī马mǎ破pò奴nú再zài从cóng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn斩zhǎn脩xiū濮pú王wáng,捕bǔ稽jī且qiě王wáng,右yòu千qiān骑qí将jiāng得dé王wáng、王wáng母mǔ各gè一yī人rén,王wáng子zǐ以yǐ下xià四sì十shí一yī人rén,捕bǔ虏lǔ三sān千qiān三sān百bǎi三sān十shí人rén,前qián行xíng捕bǔ虏lǔ千qiān四sì百bǎi人rén,封fēng破pò奴nú为wèi从cóng票piào侯hóu。校xiào尉wèi高gāo不bù识shí从cóng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn捕bǔ呼hū于yú耆qí王wáng王wáng子zǐ以yǐ下xià十shí一yī人rén,捕bǔ虏lǔ千qiān七qī百bǎi六liù十shí八bā人rén,封fēng不bù识shí为wèi宜yí冠guān侯hóu。校xiào尉wèi仆pū多duō有yǒu功gōng,封fēng为wèi煇huī渠qú侯hóu。”合hé骑qí侯hóu敖áo坐zuò行xíng留liú不bù与yǔ票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn会huì,当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。诸zhū宿sù将jiàng所suǒ将jiàng士shì马mǎ兵bīng亦yì不bù如rú去qù病bìng,去qù病bìng所suǒ将jiāng常cháng选xuǎn,然rán亦yì敢gǎn深shēn入rù,常cháng与yǔ壮zhuàng骑qí先xiān其qí大dà军jūn,军jūn亦yì有yǒu天tiān幸xìng,未wèi尝cháng困kùn绝jué也yě。然rán而ér诸zhū宿sù将jiàng常cháng留liú落luò不bù耦ǒu。由yóu此cǐ去qù病bìng日rì以yǐ亲qīn贵guì,比bǐ大dà将jiāng军jūn。 其qí后hòu,单chán于yú怒nù浑hún邪xié王wáng居jū西xī方fāng数shù为wèi汉hàn所suǒ破pò,亡wáng数shù万wàn人rén,以yǐ票piào骑qí之zhī兵bīng也yě,欲yù召zhào诛zhū浑hún邪xié王wáng。浑hún邪xié王wáng与yǔ休xiū屠tú王wáng等děng谋móu欲yù降jiàng汉hàn,使shǐ人rén先xiān要yào道dào边biān。是shì时shí,大dà行xíng李lǐ息xī将jiāng城chéng河hé上shàng,得dé浑hún邪xié王wáng使shǐ,即jí驰chí传chuán以yǐ闻wén。上shàng恐kǒng其qí以yǐ诈zhà降xiáng而ér袭xí边biān,乃nǎi令lìng去qù病bìng将jiàng兵bīng往wǎng迎yíng之zhī。去qù病bìng既jì渡dù河hé,与yǔ浑hún邪xié众zhòng相xiāng望wàng。浑hún邪xié裨bì王wáng将jiāng见jiàn汉hàn军jūn而ér多duō欲yù不bù降jiàng者zhě,颇pǒ遁dùn去qù。去qù病bìng乃nǎi驰chí入rù,得dé与yǔ浑hún邪xié王wáng相xiàng见jiàn,斩zhǎn其qí欲yù亡wáng者zhě八bā千qiān人rén,遂suì独dú遗yí浑hún邪xié王wáng乘chéng传chuán先xiān诣yì行xíng在zài所suǒ,尽jǐn将jiāng其qí众zhòng渡dù河hé,降jiàng者zhě数shù万wàn人rén,号hào称chēng十shí万wàn。 既jì至zhì长cháng安ān,天tiān子zi所suǒ以yǐ赏shǎng赐cì数shù十shí巨jù万wàn。封fēng浑hún邪xié王wáng万wàn户hù,为wèi漯luò阴yīn侯hóu。封fēng其qí裨bì王wáng呼hū毒dú尼ní为wèi下xià摩mó侯hóu, 为wèi煇huī渠qú侯hóu,禽qín黎lí为wèi河hé綦qí侯hóu,大dà当dāng户hù调diào虽suī为wèi常cháng乐lè侯hóu。于yú是shì上shàng嘉jiā去qù病bìng之zhī功gōng,曰yuē:“票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn去qù病bìng率lǜ师shī征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú,西xī域yù王wáng浑hún邪xié王wáng及jí厥jué众zhòng萌méng咸xián奔bēn于yú率lǜ,以yǐ军jūn粮liáng接jiē食shí,并bìng将jiāng控kòng弦xián万wàn有yǒu余yú人rén,诛zhū獟yào悍hàn,捷jié者zhě虏lǔ八bā千qiān余yú级jí,降jiàng异yì国guó之zhī王wáng三sān十shí二èr。战zhàn士shì不bù离lí伤shāng,十shí万wàn之zhī众zhòng毕bì怀huái集jí服fú。仍réng兴xīng之zhī劳láo,爰yuán及jí河hé塞sāi,庶shù几jǐ亡wáng患huàn,以yǐ千qiān七qī百bǎi户hù益yì封fēng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn。减jiǎn陇lǒng西xī、北běi地dì、上shàng郡jùn戍shù卒zú之zhī半bàn,以yǐ宽kuān天tiān下xià繇yáo役yì。”乃nǎi分fēn处chù降jiàng者zhě干gàn边biān五wǔ郡jùn故gù塞sài外wài,而ér皆jiē在zài河hé南nán,因yīn其qí故gù俗sú为wèi属shǔ国guó。其qí明míng年nián,匈xiōng奴nú入rù右yòu北běi平píng、定dìng襄xiāng、杀shā略lüè汉hàn千qiān余yú人rén。 其qí明míng年nián,上shàng与yǔ诸zhū将jiāng议yì曰yuē:“翕xī侯hóu赵zhào信xìn为wèi单chán于yú画huà计jì,常cháng以yǐ为wéi汉hàn兵bīng不bù能néng度dù幕mù轻qīng留liú,今jīn大dà发fā卒zú,其qí势shì必bì得děi所suǒ欲yù。”是shì岁suì元yuán狩shòu四sì年nián也yě。春chūn,上shàng令lìng大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng、票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn去qù病bìng各gè五wǔ万wàn骑qí,步bù兵bīng转zhuǎn者zhě踵zhǒng军jūn数shù十shí万wàn,而ér敢gǎn力lì战zhàn深shēn入rù之zhī士shì皆jiē属shǔ去qù病bìng。去qù病bìng始shǐ为wèi出chū定dìng襄xiāng,当dāng单chán于yú。捕bǔ虏lǔ,虏lǔ言yán单chán于yú东dōng,乃nǎi更gèng令lìng去qù病bìng出chū代dài郡jùn,令lìng青qīng出chū定dìng襄xiāng。郎láng中zhōng令lìng李lǐ广guǎng为wèi前qián将jiāng军jūn,太tài仆pū公gōng孙sūn贺hè为wèi左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn,主zhǔ爵jué赵zhào食shí其qí为wèi右yòu将jiāng军jūn,平píng阳yáng侯hóu襄xiāng为wèi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,皆jiē属shǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn。赵zhào信xìn为wèi单chán于yú谋móu曰yuē:“汉hàn兵bīng即jí度dù幕mù,人rén马mǎ罢bà,匈xiōng奴nú可kě坐zuò收shōu虏lǔ耳ěr。”乃nǎi悉xī远yuǎn北běi其qí辎zī重zhòng,皆jiē以yǐ精jīng兵bīng待dài幕mù北běi。而ér适shì直zhí青qīng军jūn出chū塞sài千qiān余yú里lǐ,见jiàn单chán于yú兵bīng陈chén而ér待dài,于yú是shì青qīng令lìng武wǔ刚gāng车chē自zì环huán为wèi营yíng,而ér纵zòng五wǔ千qiān骑qí往wǎng当dāng匈xiōng奴nú,匈xiōng奴nú亦yì纵zòng万wàn骑qí。会huì日rì且qiě人rén,而ér大dà风fēng起qǐ,沙shā砾lì击jī面miàn,两liǎng军jūn不bù相xiāng见jiàn,汉hàn益yì纵zòng左zuǒ右yòu翼yì绕rào单chán于yú。单chán于yú视shì汉hàn兵bīng多duō,而ér士shì马mǎ尚shàng强qiáng,战zhàn而ér匈xiōng奴nú不bù利lì,薄báo莫mò,单chán于yú遂suì乘chéng六liù骡luó,壮zhuàng骑qí可kě数shù百bǎi,直zhí冒mào汉hàn围wéi西xī北běi驰chí去qù。昏hūn,汉hàn匈xiōng奴nú相xiāng纷fēn挐ná,杀shā伤shāng大dà当dāng。汉hàn军jūn左zuǒ校xiào捕bǔ虏lǔ,言yán单chán于yú未wèi昏hūn而ér去qù,汉hàn军jūn因yīn发fā轻qīng骑qí夜yè追zhuī之zhī,青qīng因yīn随suí其qí后hòu。匈xiōng奴nú兵bīng亦yì散sàn走zǒu。会huì明míng,行xíng二èr百bǎi余yú里lǐ,不bù得dé单chán于yú,颇pǒ捕bǔ斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ万wàn余yú级jí,遂suì至zhì 颜yán山shān赵zhào信xìn城chéng,得dé匈xiōng奴nú积jī粟sù食shí军jūn。军jūn留liú一yī日rì而ér还hái,悉xī烧shāo其qí城chéng余yú粟sù以yǐ归guī。 青qīng之zhī与yǔ单chán于yú会huì也yě,而ér前qián将jiāng军jūn广guǎng、右yòu将jiāng军jūn食shí其qí军jūn别bié从cóng东dōng道dào,或huò失shī道dào。大dà将jiāng军jūn引yǐn还hái,过guò幕mù南nán,乃nǎi相xiāng逢féng。青qīng欲yù使shǐ使shǐ归guī报bào,令lìng长zhǎng史shǐ簿bù责zé广guǎng,广guǎng自zì杀shā。食shí其qí赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。青qīng军jūn入rù塞sāi,凡fán斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ万wàn九jiǔ千qiān级jí。 是shì时shí,匈xiōng奴nú众zhòng失shī单dān于yú十shí余yú日rì,右yòu谷gǔ蠡lí王wáng自zì立lì为wèi单chán于yú。单chán于yú后hòu得dé其qí众zhòng,右yòu王wáng乃nǎi去qù单chán于yú之zhī号hào。 去qù病bìng骑qí兵bīng车chē重zhòng与yǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn军jūn等děng,而ér亡wáng裨pí将jiàng。悉xī以yǐ李lǐ敢gǎn等děng为wèi大dà校xiào,当dāng裨pí将jiàng,出chū代dài、右yòu北běi平píng二èr千qiān余yú里lǐ,直zhí左zuǒ方fāng兵bīng,所suǒ斩zhǎn捕bǔ功gōng已yǐ多duō于yú青qīng。 既jì皆jiē还hái,上shàng曰yuē:“票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn去qù病bìng率lǜ师shī躬gōng将jiāng所suǒ获huò荤hūn允yǔn之zhī士shì,约yuē轻qīng赍jī,绝jué大dà幕mù,涉shè获huò单chán于yú章zhāng渠qú,以yǐ诛zhū北běi车chē耆qí,转zhuǎn击jī左zuǒ大dà将jiàng双shuāng,获huò旗qí鼓gǔ,历lì度dù难nán侯hóu,济jì弓gōng卢lú,获huò屯tún头tóu王wáng、韩hán王wáng等děng三sān人rén,将jiāng军jūn、相xiàng国guó、当dāng户hù、都dū尉wèi八bā十shí三sān人rén,封fēng狼láng居jū胥xū山shān,禅chán于yú姑gū衍yǎn,登dēng临lín翰hàn海hǎi,执zhí讯xùn获huò丑chǒu七qī万wàn有yǒu四sì百bǎi四sì十shí三sān级jí,师shī率lǜ减jiǎn什shén二èr,取qǔ食shí于yú敌dí,卓zhuó行xíng殊shū远yuǎn而ér粮liáng不bù绝jué。以yǐ五wǔ千qiān八bā百bǎi户hù益yì封fēng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn。右yòu北běi平píng太tài守shǒu路lù博bó德dé属shǔ票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn,会huì兴xīng城chéng,不bù失shī期qī,从cóng至zhì檮táo余yú山shān,斩zhǎn首shǒu捕bǔ虏lǔ二èr千qiān八bā百bǎi级jí,封fēng博bó德dé为wèi邳pī离lí侯hóu。北běi地dì都dū尉wèi卫wèi山shān从cóng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn获huò王wáng,封fēng王wáng为wèi义yì阳yáng侯hóu。故gù归guī义yì侯hóu因yīn淳chún王wáng复fù陆lù友yǒu、楼lóu剸tuán王wáng伊yī即jí靬qián皆jiē从cóng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn有yǒu功gōng,封fēng复fù陆lù支zhī为wèi杜dù侯hóu,伊yī即jí靬qián为wéi人rén众zhòng利lì侯hóu。从cóng票piào侯hóu破pò奴nú、昌chāng武wǔ侯hóu安ān稽jī从cóng票piào骑qí有yǒu功gōng,益yì封fēng各gè三sān百bǎi户hù。渔yú阳yáng太tài守shǒu解jiě、校xiào尉wèi敢gǎn皆jiē获huò鼓gǔ旗qí,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,解jiě食shí邑yì三sān百bǎi户hù,敢gǎn二èr百bǎi户hù。校xiào尉wèi自zì为wèi爵jué左zuǒ庶shù长zhǎng。”军jūn吏lì卒zú为wèi官guān,赏shǎng赐cì甚shèn多duō。而ér青qīng不bù得dé益yì封fēng,吏lì卒zú无wú封fēng者zhě。唯wéi西xī河hé太tài守shǒu常cháng惠huì、云yún中zhōng太tài守shǒu遂suì成chéng受shòu赏shǎng,遂suì成chéng秩zhì诸zhū侯hóu相xiāng,赐cì食shí邑yì二èr百bǎi户hù,黄huáng金jīn百bǎi斤jīn,惠huì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。 两liǎng军jūn之zhī出chū塞sài,塞sāi阅yuè官guān及jí私sī马mǎ凡fán十shí四sì万wàn匹pǐ,而ér后hòu入rù塞sāi者zhě不bù满mǎn三sān万wàn匹pǐ。乃nǎi置zhì大dà司sī马mǎ位wèi,大dà将jiāng军jūn、票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn皆jiē为wèi大dà司sī马mǎ。定dìng令lìng,令lìng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn秩zhì禄lù与yǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn等děng。自zì是shì后hòu,青qīng日rì衰shuāi而ér去qù病bìng日rì益yì贵guì。青qīng故gù人rén门mén下xià多duō去qù,事shì去qù病bìng,辄zhé得dé官guān爵jué,唯wéi独dú任rèn安ān不bù肯kěn去qù。 去qù病bìng为wéi人rén少shǎo言yán不bù泄xiè,有yǒu气qì敢gǎn往wǎng。上shàng尝cháng欲yù教jiào之zhī吴wú、孙sūn兵bīng法fǎ,对duì曰yuē:“顾gù方fāng略lüè何hé如rú耳ěr,不bù至zhì学xué古gǔ兵bīng法fǎ。”上shàng为wèi治zhì第dì,令lìng视shì之zhī,对duì曰yuē:“匈xiōng奴nú不bù灭miè,无wú以yǐ家jiā为wèi也yě。”由yóu此cǐ上shàng益yì重zhòng爱ài之zhī。然rán少shǎo而ér侍shì中zhōng,贵guì不bù省shěng士shì。其qí从cóng军jūn,上shàng为wèi遣qiǎn太tài官guān赍jī数shù十shí乘chéng,既jì还hái,重zhòng车chē余yú弃qì粱liáng肉ròu,而ér士shì有yǒu饥jī者zhě。其qí在zài塞sài外wài,卒zú乏fá粮liáng,或huò不bù能néng自zì振zhèn,而ér去qù病bìng尚shàng穿chuān域yù躢tà鞠jū也yě。事shì多duō此cǐ类lèi。青qīng仁rén,喜xǐ士shì退tuì让ràng,以yǐ和hé柔róu自zì媚mèi于yú上shàng,然rán于yú天tiān下xià未wèi有yǒu称chēng也yě。 去qù病bìng自zì四sì年nián年nián后hòu三sān岁suì,元yuán狩shòu六liù年nián薨hōng。上shàng悼dào之zhī,发fā属shǔ国guó玄xuán甲jiǎ,军jūn陈chén自zì长cháng安ān至zhì茂mào陵líng,为wèi冢zhǒng象xiàng祁qí连lián山shān。谥shì之zhī并bìng武wǔ与yǔ广guǎng地dì日rì景jǐng桓huán侯hóu。子zi嬗shàn嗣sì。嬗shàn字zì子zi侯hóu,上shàng爱ài之zhī,幸xìng其qí壮zhuàng而ér将jiāng之zhī。为wèi奉fèng车chē都dū尉wèi,从cóng封fēng泰tài山shān而ér薨hōng。无wú子zi,国guó除chú。 自zì去qù病bìng死sǐ后hòu,青qīng长zhǎng子zǐ宜yí春chūn侯hóu伉kàng坐zuò法fǎ失shī侯hóu。后hòu五wǔ岁suì,伉kàng弟dì二èr人rén,阴yīn安ān侯hóu不bù疑yí、发fā干gàn侯hóu登dēng,皆jiē坐zuò酎zhòu金jīn失shī侯hóu。后hòu二èr岁suì,冠guàn军jūn侯hóu国guó绝jué。后hòu四sì年nián,元yuán封fēng五wǔ年nián,青qīng薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē烈liè侯hóu。子zi伉kàng嗣sì,六liù年nián坐zuò法fǎ免miǎn。 自zì青qīng围wéi单chán于yú后hòu十shí四sì岁suì而ér卒zú,竟jìng不bù复fù击jī匈xiōng奴nú者zhě,以yǐ汉hàn马mǎ少shǎo,又yòu方fāng南nán诛zhū两liǎng越yuè,东dōng伐fá朝cháo鲜xiān,击jī羌qiāng、西xī南nán夷yí,以yǐ故gù久jiǔ不bù伐fá胡hú。 初chū,青qīng既jì尊zūn贵guì,而ér平píng阳yáng侯hóu曹cáo寿shòu有yǒu恶è疾jí就jiù国guó,长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ问wèn:“列liè侯hóu谁shuí贤xián者zhě?”左zuǒ右yòu皆jiē言yán大dà将jiāng军jūn。主zhǔ笑xiào曰yuē:“此cǐ出chū吾wú家jiā,常cháng骑qí从cóng我wǒ,奈nài何hé?”左zuǒ右yòu曰yuē:“于yú今jīn尊zūn贵guì无wú比bǐ。”于yú是shì长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ风fēng白bái皇huáng后hòu,皇huáng后hòu言yán之zhī,上shàng乃nǎi诏zhào青qīng尚shàng平píng阳yáng主zhǔ。与yǔ主zhǔ合hé葬zàng,起qǐ冢zhǒng象xiàng卢lú山shān云yún。 最zuì大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng凡fán七qī出chū击jī匈xiōng奴nú,斩zhǎn捕bǔ首shǒu虏lǔ五wǔ万wàn余yú级jí。一yī与yǔ单chán于yú战zhàn,收shōu河hé南nán地dì,置zhì朔shuò方fāng郡jùn。再zài益yì封fēng,凡fán万wàn六liù千qiān三sān百bǎi户hù;封fēng三sān子zi为wèi侯hóu,侯hóu千qiān三sān百bǎi户hù,并bìng之zhī二èr万wàn二èr百bǎi户hù。其qí裨pí将jiàng及jí校xiào尉wèi侯hóu者zhě九jiǔ人rén,为wèi特tè将jiāng者zhě十shí五wǔ人rén,李lǐ广guǎng、张zhāng骞qiān、公gōng孙sūn贺hè、李lǐ蔡cài、曹cáo襄xiāng、韩hán说shuō、苏sū建jiàn皆jiē自zì有yǒu传chuán。 李lǐ息xī,郁yù郅zhì人rén也yě,事shì景jǐng帝dì。至zhì武wǔ帝dì立lì八bā岁suì,为wèi材cái官guān将jiāng军jūn,军jūn马mǎ邑yì;后hòu六liù岁suì,为wèi将jiāng军jūn,出chū代dài;后hòu三sān岁suì,为wèi将jiāng军jūn,从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn出chū朔shuò方fāng:皆jiē无wú功gōng。凡fán三sān为wèi将jiāng军jūn,其qí后hòu常cháng为wèi大dà行xíng。 公gōng孙sūn敖áo,义yì渠qú人rén,以yǐ郎láng事shì景jǐng帝dì。至zhì武wǔ帝dì立lì十shí二èr岁suì,为wèi骑qí将jiāng军jūn,出chū代dài,亡wáng卒zú七qī千qiān人rén,当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。后hòu五wǔ岁suì,以yǐ校xiào尉wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,封fēng合hé骑qí侯hóu。后hòu一yī岁suì,以yǐ中zhōng将jiàng军jūn从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn再zài出chū定dìng襄xiāng,无wú功gōng。后hòu二èr岁suì,以yǐ将jiāng军jūn出chū北běi地dì,后hòu票piào骑qí期qī,当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。后hòu二èr岁suì,以yǐ校xiào尉wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,无wú功gōng。后hòu十shí四sì岁suì,以yǐ因yīn杅yú将jiāng军jūn筑zhù受shòu降xiáng城chéng。七qī岁suì,复fù以yǐ因yīn杅yú将jiāng军jūn再zài出chū击jī匈xiōng奴nú,至zhì余yú吾wú,亡wáng士shì多duō,下xià吏lì,当dāng斩zhǎn,诈zhà死sǐ,亡wáng居jū民mín间jiān五wǔ、六liù岁suì。后hòu觉jué,复fù系xì。坐zuò妻qī为wèi巫wū蛊gǔ,族zú。凡fán四sì为wèi将jiāng军jūn。 李lǐ沮jǔ,云yún中zhōng人rén,事shì景jǐng帝dì。武wǔ帝dì立lì十shí七qī岁suì,以yǐ左zuǒ内nèi史shǐ为wèi强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn。后hòu一yī岁suì,复fù为wèi强qiáng弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn。 张zhāng次cì公gōng,河hé东dōng人rén,以yǐ校xiào尉wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,封fēng岸àn头tóu侯hóu。其qí后hòu太tài后hòu崩bēng,为wèi将jiāng军jūn,军jūn北běi军jūn。后hòu一yī岁suì,复fù从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn。凡fán再zài为wèi将jiāng军jūn,后hòu坐zuò法fǎ失shī侯hóu。 赵zhào信xìn,以yǐ匈xiōng奴nú相xiàng国guó降jiàng,为wèi侯hóu,武wǔ帝dì立lì十shí八bā岁suì,为wèi前qián将jiāng军jūn,与yǔ匈xiōng奴nú战zhàn,败bài,降jiàng匈xiōng奴nú。 赵zhào食shí其qí, 人rén。武wǔ帝dì立lì十shí八bā年nián,以yǐ主zhǔ爵jué都dū尉wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn,斩zhǎn首shǒu六liù百bǎi六liù十shí级jí。元yuán狩shòu三sān年nián,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,黄huáng金jīn百bǎi斤jīn。明míng年nián,为wèi右yòu将jiāng军jūn,从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn出chū定dìng襄xiāng,迷mí失shī道dào,当dāng斩zhǎn,赎shú为wèi庶shù人rén。 郭guō昌chāng,云yún中zhōng人rén,以yǐ校xiào尉wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn。元yuán封fēng四sì年nián,以yǐ太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū为wèi拔bá胡hú将jiāng军jūn,屯tún朔shuò方fāng。还huán击jī昆kūn明míng,无wú功gōng,夺duó印yìn。 荀xún彘zhì,太tài原yuán广guǎng武wǔ人rén,以yǐ御yù见jiàn,侍shì中zhōng,用yòng校xiào尉wèi数shù从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn。元yuán封fēng三sān年nián,为wèi左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn击jī朝cháo鲜xiān,无wú功gōng,坐zuò捕bǔ楼lóu船chuán将jiāng军jūn诛zhū。 最zuì票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn去qù病bìng凡fán六liù出chū击jī匈xiōng奴nú,其qí四sì出chū以yǐ将jiāng军jūn,斩zhǎn首shǒu虏lǔ十shí一yī万wàn余yú级jí。浑hún邪xié王wáng以yǐ众zhòng降jiàng数shù万wàn,开kāi河hé西xī酒jiǔ泉quán之zhī地dì,西xī方fāng益yì少shǎo胡hú寇kòu。四sì益yì封fēng,凡fán万wàn七qī千qiān七qī百bǎi户hù。其qí校xiào尉wèi吏lì有yǒu功gōng侯hóu者zhě六liù人rén,为wèi将jiāng军jūn者zhě二èr人rén。 路lù博bó德dé,西xī河hé平píng州zhōu人rén,以yǐ右yòu北běi平píng太tài守shǒu从cóng票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn,封fēng邳pī离lí侯hóu。票piào骑qí死sǐ后hòu,博bó德dé以yǐ卫wèi尉wèi为wèi伏fú波bō将jiāng军jūn,伐fá破pò南nán越yuè,益yì封fēng。其qí后hòu坐zuò法fǎ失shī侯hóu。为wèi强qiáng弩nǔ都dū尉wèi,屯tún居jū延yán,卒zú。 赵zhào破pò奴nú,太tài原yuán人rén。尝cháng亡wáng入rù匈xiōng奴nú,已yǐ而ér归guī汉hàn,为wèi票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn司sī马mǎ。出chū北běi地dì,封fēng从cóng票piào侯hóu,坐zuò酎zhòu金jīn失shī侯hóu。后hòu一yī岁suì,为wèi匈xiōng河hé将jiāng军jūn,攻gōng胡hú至zhì匈xiōng河hé水shuǐ,无wú功gōng。后hòu一yī岁suì,击jī虏lǔ楼lóu兰lán王wáng,后hòu为wèi浞zhuó野yě侯hóu。后hòu六liù岁suì,以yǐ浚jùn稽jī将jiāng军jūn将jiāng二èr万wàn骑qí击jī匈xiōng奴nú左zuǒ王wáng。左zuǒ王wáng与yǔ战zhàn,兵bīng八bā万wàn骑qí围wéi破pò奴nú,破pò奴nú为wèi虏lǔ所suǒ得de,遂suì没méi其qí军jūn。居jū匈xiōng奴nú中zhōng十shí岁suì,复fù与yǔ其qí太tài子zi安ān国guó亡wáng入rù汉hàn。后hòu坐zuò巫wū蛊gǔ,族zú。 自zì卫wèi氏shì兴xīng,大dà将jiāng军jūn青qīng首shǒu封fēng,其qí后hòu支zhī属shǔ五wǔ人rén为wéi侯hóu。凡fán二èr十shí四sì岁suì而ér五wǔ侯hóu皆jiē夺duó国guó。征zhēng和hé中zhōng,戾lì太tài子zi败bài,卫wèi氏shì遂suì灭miè。而ér霍huò去qù病bìng弟dì光guāng贵guì盛shèng,自zì有yǒu传chuán。 赞zàn曰yuē:苏sū建jiàn尝cháng说shuō责zé:“大dà将jiāng军jūn至zhì尊zūn重zhòng,而ér天tiān下xià之zhī贤xián士shì大dà夫fū无wú称chēng焉yān,愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn观guān古gǔ名míng将jiàng所suǒ招zhāo选xuǎn者zhě,勉miǎn之zhī哉zāi!”青qīng谢xiè曰yuē:“自zì魏wèi其qí、武wǔ安ān之zhī厚hòu宾bīn客kè,天tiān子zi常cháng切qiè齿chǐ。彼bǐ亲qīn待dài士shì大dà夫fū,招zhāo贤xián黜chù不bù肖xiào者zhě,人rén主zhǔ之zhī柄bǐng也yě。人rén臣chén奉fèng法fǎ遵zūn职zhí而ér已yǐ,何hé与yǔ招zhāo士shì!”票piào骑qí亦yì方fāng此cǐ意yì,为wèi将jiāng如rú此cǐ。

卷juǎn五wǔ十shí六liù牰yòu偈jì娲wā诙huī十shí

董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū,广guǎng川chuān人rén也yě。少shǎo治zhì《春chūn秋qiū》,孝xiào景jǐng时shí为wèi博bó士shì。下xià帷wéi讲jiǎng诵sòng,弟dì子zǐ传chuán以yǐ久jiǔ次cì相xiāng授shòu业yè,或huò莫mò见jiàn其qí面miàn。盖gài三sān年nián不bù窥kuī园yuán,其qí精jīng如rú此cǐ。进jìn退tuì容róng止zhǐ,非fēi礼lǐ不bù行xíng,学xué士shì皆jiē师shī尊zūn之zhī。 武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,举jǔ贤xián良liáng文wén学xué之zhī士shì前qián后hòu百bǎi数shù,而ér仲zhòng舒shū以yǐ贤xián良liáng对duì策cè焉yān。 制zhì曰yuē:“朕zhèn获huò承chéng至zhì尊zūn休xiū德dé,传chuán之zhī亡wáng穷qióng,而ér施shī之zhī罔wǎng极jí,任rèn大dà而ér守shǒu重zhòng,是shì以yǐ夙sù夜yè不bù皇huáng康kāng宁níng,永yǒng惟wéi万wàn事shì之zhī统tǒng,犹yóu惧jù有yǒu阙quē。故gù广guǎng延yán四sì方fāng之zhī豪háo俊jùn,郡jùn国guó诸zhū侯hóu公gōng选xuǎn贤xián良liáng修xiū洁jié博bó习xí之zhī士shì,欲yù闻wén大dà道dào之zhī要yào,至zhì论lùn之zhī极jí。今jīn子zi大dà夫fū 然rán为wèi举jǔ首shǒu,朕zhèn甚shèn嘉jiā之zhī。子zi大dà夫fū其qí精jīng心xīn致zhì思sī,朕zhèn垂chuí听tīng而ér问wèn焉yān。 盖gài闻wén五wǔ帝dì三sān王wáng之zhī道dào,改gǎi制zhì作zuò乐lè而ér天tiān下xià洽qià和hé,百bǎi王wáng同tóng之zhī。当dāng虞yú氏shì之zhī乐lè莫mò盛shèng于yú《韶sháo》,于yú周zhōu莫mò盛shèng于yú《勺sháo》。圣shèng王wáng已yǐ没méi,钟zhōng鼓gǔ管guǎn弦xián之zhī声shēng未wèi衰shuāi,而ér大dà道dào微wēi缺quē,陵líng夷yí至zhì乎hū桀jié、纣zhòu之zhī行xíng,王wáng道dào大dà坏huài矣yǐ。夫fū五wǔ百bǎi年nián之zhī间jiān,守shǒu文wén之zhī君jūn,当dāng涂tú之zhī士shì,欲yù则zé先xiān王wáng之zhī法fǎ以yǐ戴dài翼yì其qí世shì者zhě甚shèn众zhòng,然rán犹yóu不bù能néng反fǎn,日rì以yǐ仆pū灭miè,至zhì后hòu王wáng而ér后hòu止zhǐ,岂qǐ其qí所suǒ持chí操cāo或huò 缪móu而ér失shī其qí统tǒng与yǔ?固gù天tiān降jiàng命mìng不bù查chá复fù反fǎn,必bì推tuī之zhī于yú大dà衰shuāi而ér后hòu息xī与yǔ?乌wū乎hū!凡fán所suǒ为wèi屑xiè屑xiè,夙sù兴xīng夜yè寐mèi,务wù法fǎ上shàng古gǔ者zhě,又yòu将jiāng无wú补bǔ与yǔ?三sān代dài受shòu命mìng,其qí符fú安ān在zài?灾zāi异yì之zhī变biàn,何hé缘yuán而ér起qǐ?性xìng命mìng之zhī情qíng,或huò夭yāo或huò寿shòu,或huò仁rén或huò鄙bǐ,习xí闻wén其qí号hào,未wèi烛zhú厥jué理lǐ。伊yī欲yù风fēng流liú而ér令lìng行xíng,刑xíng轻qīng而ér奸jiān改gǎi,百bǎi姓xìng和hé乐lè,政zhèng事shì宣xuān昭zhāo,何hé修xiū何hé饬chì而ér膏gāo露lù降jiàng,百bǎi谷gǔ登dēng,德dé润rùn四sì海hǎi,泽zé臻zhēn草cǎo木mù,三sān光guāng全quán,寒hán暑shǔ平píng,受shòu天tiān之zhī祜hù,享xiǎng鬼guǐ神shén之zhī灵líng,德dé泽zé洋yáng溢yì,施shī乎hū方fāng外wài,延yán及jí群qún生shēng? 子zi大dà夫fū明míng先xiān圣shèng之zhī业yè,习xí俗sú化huà之zhī变biàn,终zhōng始shǐ之zhī序xù,讲jiǎng闻wén高gāo谊yì之zhī日rì久jiǔ矣yǐ,其qí明míng以yǐ谕yù朕zhèn。科kē别bié其qí条tiáo,勿wù猥wěi勿wù并bìng,取qǔ之zhī于yú术shù,慎shèn其qí所suǒ出chū。乃nǎi其qí不bù正zhèng不bù直zhí,不bù忠zhōng不bù极jí,枉wǎng于yú执zhí事shì,书shū之zhī不bù泄xiè,兴xīng于yú朕zhèn躬gōng,毋wú悼dào后hòu害hài。子zi大dà夫fū其qí尽jìn心xīn,靡mí有yǒu所suǒ隐yǐn,朕zhèn将jiāng亲qīn览lǎn焉yān。 仲zhòng舒shū对duì曰yuē: 陛bì下xià发fā德dé音yīn,下xià明míng诏zhào,求qiú天tiān命mìng与yǔ情qíng性xìng,皆jiē非fēi愚yú臣chén之zhī所suǒ能néng及jí也yě。臣chén谨jǐn案àn《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī中zhōng,视shì前qián世shì已yǐ行xíng之zhī事shì,以yǐ观guān天tiān人rén相xiāng与yǔ之zhī际jì,甚shèn可kě畏wèi也yě。国guó家jiā将jiāng有yǒu失shī道dào之zhī败bài,而ér天tiān乃nǎi先xiān出chū灾zāi害hài以yǐ谴qiǎn告gào之zhī,不bù知zhī自zì省xǐng,又yòu出chū怪guài异yì以yǐ警jǐng惧jù之zhī,尚shàng不bù知zhī变biàn,而ér伤shāng败bài乃nǎi至zhì。以yǐ此cǐ见jiàn天tiān心xīn之zhī仁rén爱ài人rén君jūn而ér欲yù止zhǐ其qí乱luàn也yě。自zì非fēi大dà亡wáng道dào之zhī世shì者zhě,天tiān尽jǐn欲yù扶fú持chí而ér全quán安ān之zhī,事shì在zài强qiáng勉miǎn而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。强qiáng勉miǎn学xué习xí,则zé闻wén见jiàn博bó而ér知zhī益yì明míng;强qiáng勉miǎn行háng道dào,则zé德dé日rì起qǐ而ér大dà有yǒu功gōng:此cǐ皆jiē可kě使shǐ还hái至zhì而ér有yǒu效xiào者zhě也yě。《诗shī》曰yuē“夙sù夜yè匪fěi解jiě”,《书shū》云yún“茂mào哉zāi茂mào哉zāi!”皆jiē强qiáng勉miǎn之zhī谓wèi也yě。 道dào者zhě,所suǒ繇yáo适shì于yú治zhì之zhī路lù也yě,仁rén义yì礼lǐ乐yuè皆jiē其qí具jù也yě。故gù圣shèng王wáng已yǐ没méi,而ér子zǐ孙sūn长cháng久jiǔ安ān宁níng数shù百bǎi岁suì,此cǐ皆jiē礼lǐ乐yuè教jiào化huà之zhī功gōng也yě。王wáng者zhě未wèi作zuò乐lè之zhī时shí,乃nǎi用yòng先xiān五wǔ之zhī乐lè宜yí于yú世shì者zhě,而ér以yǐ深shēn入rù教jiào化huà于yú民mín。教jiào化huà之zhī情qíng不bù得dé,雅yǎ颂sòng之zhī乐lè不bù成chéng,故gù王wáng者zhě功gōng成chéng作zuò乐lè,乐lè其qí德dé也yě。乐lè者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ变biàn民mín风fēng,化huà民mín俗sú也yě;其qí变biàn民mín也yě易yì,其qí化huà人rén也yě著zhù。故gù声shēng发fā于yú和hé而ér本běn于yú情qíng,接jiē于yú肌jī肤fū,臧zāng于yú骨gǔ髓suǐ。故gù王wáng道dào虽suī微wēi缺quē,而ér管guǎn弦xián之zhī声shēng未wèi衰shuāi也yě。夫fū虞yú氏shì之zhī不bù为wéi政zhèng久jiǔ矣yǐ,然rán而ér乐lè颂sòng遗yí风fēng犹yóu有yǒu存cún者zhě,是shì以yǐ孔kǒng子zi在zài齐qí而ér闻wén《韶sháo》也yě。夫fū人rén君jūn莫mò不bù欲yù安ān存cún而ér恶è危wēi亡wáng,然rán而ér政zhèng乱luàn国guó危wēi者zhě甚shèn众zhòng,所suǒ任rèn者zhě非fēi其qí人rén,而ér所suǒ繇yáo者zhě非fēi其qí道dào,是shì以yǐ政zhèng日rì以yǐ仆pū灭miè也yě。夫fū周zhōu道dào衰shuāi于yú幽yōu、厉lì,非fēi道dào亡wáng也yě,幽yōu、厉lì不bù繇yáo也yě。至zhì于yú宣xuān王wáng,思sī昔xī先xiān王wáng之zhī德dé,兴xīng滞zhì补bǔ弊bì,明míng文wén、武wǔ之zhī功gōng业yè,周zhōu道dào粲càn然rán复fù兴xīng,诗shī人rén美měi之zhī而ér作zuò,上shàng天tiān晁cháo之zhī,为wéi生shēng贤xián佐zuǒ,后hòu世shì称chēng通tōng,至zhì今jīn不bù绝jué。此cǐ夙sù夜yè不bù解jiě行xíng善shàn之zhī所suǒ致zhì也yě。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“人rén能néng弘hóng道dào,非fēi道dào弘hóng人rén”也yě。故gù治zhì乱luàn废fèi兴xīng在zài于yú己jǐ,非fēi天tiān降jiàng命mìng不bù得dé可kě反fǎn,其qí所suǒ操cāo持chí誖bèi谬miù失shī其qí统tǒng也yě。 臣chén闻wén天tiān之zhī所suǒ大dà奉fèng使shǐ之zhī王wáng者zhě,必bì有yǒu非fēi人rén力lì所suǒ能néng致zhì而ér自zì至zhì者zhě,此cǐ受shòu命mìng之zhī符fú也yě。天tiān下xià之zhī人rén同tóng心xīn归guī之zhī,若ruò归guī父fù母mǔ,故gù天tiān瑞ruì应yīng诚chéng而ér至zhì。《书shū》曰yuē“白bái鱼yú入rù于yú王wáng舟zhōu,有yǒu火huǒ复fù于yú王wáng屋wū,流liú为wèi乌wū”,此cǐ盖gài受shòu命mìng之zhī符fú也yě。周zhōu公gōng曰yuē“复fù哉zāi复fù哉zāi”,孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“德dé不bù孤gū,必bì有yǒu邻lín”,皆jiē积jī善shàn累lèi德dé之zhī效xiào也yě。及jí至zhì后hòu世shì,淫yín佚yì衰shuāi微wēi,不bù能néng统tǒng理lǐ群qún生shēng,诸zhū侯hóu背bèi畔pàn,残cán贱jiàn良liáng民mín以yǐ争zhēng壤rǎng土tǔ,废fèi德dé教jiào而ér任rèn刑xíng罚fá。刑xíng罚fá不bù中zhōng,则zé生shēng邪xié气qì;邪xié气qì积jī于yú下xià,怨yuàn恶è畜chù于yú上shàng。上shàng下xià不bù和hé,则zé阴yīn阳yáng缪móu 而ér娇jiāo孽niè生shēng矣yǐ。此cǐ灾zāi异yì所suǒ缘yuán而ér起qǐ也yě。 臣chén闻wén命mìng者zhě天tiān之zhī令lìng也yě,性xìng者zhě生shēng之zhī质zhì也yě,情qíng者zhě人rén之zhī欲yù也yě。或huò夭yāo或huò寿shòu,或huò仁rén或huò鄙bǐ,陶táo冶yě而ér成chéng之zhī,不bù能néng粹cuì美měi,有yǒu治zhì乱luàn之zhī所suǒ在zài,故gù不bù齐qí也yě。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“君jūn子zǐ之zhī德dé风fēng,小xiǎo人rén之zhī德dé草cǎo,草cǎo上shàng之zhī风fēng必bì偃yǎn。”故gù尧yáo、舜shùn行xíng德dé则zé民mín仁rén寿shòu,桀jié、纣zhòu行xíng暴bào则zé民mín鄙bǐ夭yāo。未wèi上shàng之zhī化huà下xià,下xià之zhī从cóng上shàng,犹yóu泥ní之zhī在zài钧jūn,唯wéi甄zhēn者zhě之zhī所suǒ为wèi,犹yóu金jīn之zhī在zài熔róng,唯wéi冶yě者zhě之zhī所suǒ铸zhù。“绥suí之zhī斯sī俫lái,动dòng之zhī斯sī和hé”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。 臣chén谨jǐn案àn《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī文wén,求qiú王wáng道dào之zhī端duān,得dé之zhī于yú正zhèng。正zhèng次cì王wáng,王wáng次cì春chūn。春chūn者zhě,天tiān之zhī所suǒ为wèi也yě;正zhèng者zhě,王wáng之zhī所suǒ为wèi也yě。其qí意yì曰yuē,上shàng承chéng天tiān之zhī所suǒ为wèi,而ér下xià以yǐ正zhèng其qí所suǒ为wèi,正zhèng王wáng道dào之zhī端duān云yún尔ěr。然rán则zé王wáng者zhě欲yù有yǒu所suǒ为wèi,宜yí求qiú其qí端duān于yú天tiān。天tiān道dào之zhī大dà者zhě在zài阴yīn阳yáng。阳yáng为wèi德dé,阴yīn为wèi刑xíng;刑xíng主zhǔ杀shā而ér德dé主zhǔ生shēng。是shì故gù阳yáng常cháng居jū大dà夏xià,而ér以yǐ生shēng育yù养yǎng长zhǎng为wèi事shì;阴yīn常cháng居jū大dà冬dōng,而ér积jī于yú空kōng虚xū不bù用yòng之zhī处chù。以yǐ此cǐ见jiàn天tiān之zhī任rèn德dé不bù任rèn刑xíng也yě。天tiān使shǐ阳yáng出chū布bù施shī于yú上shàng而ér主zhǔ岁suì功gōng,使shǐ阴yīn入rù伏fú于yú下xià而ér时shí出chū佐zuǒ阳yáng;阳yáng不bù得dé阴yīn之zhī助zhù,亦yì不bù能néng独dú成chéng岁suì。终zhōng阳yáng以yǐ成chéng岁suì为wèi名míng,此cǐ天tiān意yì也yě。王wáng者zhě承chéng天tiān意yì以yǐ从cóng事shì,故gù任rèn德dé教jiào而ér不bù任rèn刑xíng。刑xíng者zhě不bù可kě任rèn以yǐ治zhì世shì,犹yóu阴yīn之zhī不bù可kě任rèn以yǐ成chéng岁suì也yě。为wéi政zhèng而ér任rèn刑xíng,不bù顺shùn于yú天tiān,故gù先xiān王wáng莫mò之zhī肯kěn为wèi也yě。今jīn废fèi先xiān王wáng德dé教jiào之zhī官guān,而ér独dú任rèn执zhí法fǎ之zhī吏lì治zhì民mín,毋wú乃nǎi任rèn刑xíng之zhī意yì与yǔ!孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“不bù教jiào而ér诛zhū谓wèi之zhī虐nüè。”虐nüè政zhèng用yòng于yú下xià,而ér欲yù德dé教jiào之zhī被bèi四sì海hǎi,故gù难nán成chéng也yě。 臣chén谨jǐn案àn《春chūn秋qiū》谓wèi一yī元yuán之zhī意yì,一yī者zhě万wàn物wù之zhī所suǒ从cóng始shǐ也yě,元yuán者zhě辞cí之zhī所suǒ谓wèi大dà也yě。谓wèi一yī为wèi元yuán者zhě,视shì大dà始shǐ而ér欲yù正zhèng本běn也yě。《春chūn秋qiū》深shēn探tàn其qí本běn,而ér反fǎn自zì贵guì者zhě始shǐ。故gù为wéi人rén君jūn者zhě,正zhèng心xīn以yǐ正zhèng朝cháo廷tíng,正zhèng朝cháo廷tíng以yǐ正zhèng百bǎi官guān,正zhèng百bǎi官guān以yǐ正zhèng万wàn民mín,正zhèng万wàn民mín以yǐ正zhèng四sì方fāng。四sì方fāng正zhèng,远yuǎn近jìn莫mò敢gǎn不bù壹yī于yú正zhèng,而ér亡wáng有yǒu邪xié气qì奸jiān其qí间jiān者zhě。是shì以yǐ阴yīn阳yáng调diào而ér风fēng雨yǔ时shí,群qún生shēng和hé而ér万wàn民mín殖zhí,五wǔ谷gǔ孰shú而ér草cǎo木mù茂mào,天tiān地dì之zhī间jiān被bèi润rùn泽zé而ér大dà丰fēng美měi,四sì海hǎi之zhī内nèi闻wén盛shèng德dé而ér皆jiē徠lái臣chén,诸zhū福fú之zhī物wù,可kě致zhì之zhī祥xiáng,莫mò不bù毕bì至zhì,而ér王wáng道dào终zhōng矣yǐ。 孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“凤fèng鸟niǎo不bù至zhì,河hé不bù出chū图tú,吾wú已yǐ矣yǐ夫fū!”自zì悲bēi可kě致zhì此cǐ物wù,而ér身shēn卑bēi贱jiàn不bù得dé致zhì也yě。今jīn陛bì下xià贵guì为wèi天tiān子zi,富fù有yǒu四sì海hǎi,居jū得dé致zhì之zhī位wèi,操cāo可kě致zhì之zhī势shì,又yòu有yǒu能néng致zhì之zhī资zī,行xíng高gāo而ér恩ēn厚hòu,知zhī明míng而ér意yì美měi,爱ài民mín而ér好hǎo士shì,可kě谓wèi谊yì主zhǔ矣yǐ。然rán而ér天tiān地dì未wèi应yīng而ér美měi祥xiáng莫mò至zhì者zhě,何hé也yě?凡fán以yǐ教jiào化huà不bù立lì而ér万wàn民mín不bù正zhèng也yě。夫fū万wàn民mín之zhī从cóng利lì也yě,如rú水shuǐ之zhī走zǒu下xià,不bù以yǐ教jiào化huà堤dī防fáng之zhī,不bù能néng止zhǐ也yě。是shì故gù教jiào化huà立lì而ér奸jiān邪xié皆jiē止zhǐ者zhě,其qí堤dī防fáng完wán也yě;教jiào化huà废fèi而ér奸jiān邪xié并bìng出chū,刑xíng罚fá不bù能néng胜shèng者zhě,其qí堤dī防fáng坏huài也yě。古gǔ之zhī王wáng者zhě明míng于yú此cǐ,是shì故gù南nán面miàn而ér治zhì天tiān下xià,莫mò不bù以yǐ教jiào化huà为wèi大dà务wù。立lì太tài学xué以yǐ教jiào于yú国guó,设shè痒yǎng序xù以yǐ化huà于yú邑yì,渐jiàn民mín以yǐ仁rén,摩mó民mín以yǐ谊yì,节jié民mín以yǐ礼lǐ,故gù其qí刑xíng罚fá甚shèn轻qīng而ér禁jìn不bù犯fàn者zhě,教jiào化huà行xíng而ér习xí俗sú美měi也yě。 圣shèng王wáng之zhī继jì乱luàn世shì也yě,扫sǎo除chú其qí迹jì而ér悉xī去qù之zhī,复fù修xiū教jiào化huà而ér崇chóng起qǐ之zhī。教jiào化huà已yǐ明míng,习xí俗sú已yǐ成chéng,子zǐ孙sūn循xún之zhī,行xíng五wǔ六liù百bǎi岁suì尚shàng未wèi败bài也yě。至zhì周zhōu之zhī末mò世shì,大dà为wèi亡wáng道dào,以yǐ失shī天tiān下xià。秦qín继jì其qí后hòu,独dú不bù能néng改gǎi,又yòu益yì甚shèn之zhī,重zhòng禁jìn文wén学xué,不bù得dé挟xié书shū,弃qì捐juān礼lǐ谊yì而ér恶è闻wén之zhī,其qí心xīn欲yù尽jǐn灭miè先xiān圣shèng之zhī道dào,而ér颛zhuān为wèi自zì恣zì苟gǒu简jiǎn之zhī治zhì,故gù立lì为wèi天tiān子zi十shí四sì岁suì而ér国guó破pò亡wáng矣yǐ。自zì古gǔ以yǐ来lái,未wèi尝cháng有yǒu以yǐ乱luàn济jì乱luàn,大dà败bài天tiān下xià之zhī民mín如rú秦qín者zhě也yě。其qí遗yí毒dú余yú烈liè,至zhì今jīn未wèi灭miè,使shǐ习xí俗sú薄báo恶è,人rén民mín嚣xiāo顽wán,抵dǐ冒mào殊shū扞gǎn,孰shú烂làn如rú此cǐ之zhī甚shèn者zhě也yě。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“腐fǔ朽xiǔ之zhī木mù不bù可kě雕diāo也yě,粪fèn土tǔ之zhī墙qiáng不bù可kě圬wū也yě。”今jīn汉hàn继jì秦qín之zhī后hòu,如rú朽xiǔ木mù、粪fèn墙qiáng矣yǐ,虽suī欲yù善shàn治zhì之zhī,亡wáng可kě奈nài何hé。法fǎ出chū而ér奸jiān生shēng,令lìng下xià而ér诈zhà起qǐ,如rú以yǐ汤tāng止zhǐ沸fèi,抱bào薪xīn救jiù火huǒ,愈yù甚shèn亡wáng益yì也yě。窃qiè譬pì之zhī琴qín瑟sè不bù调tiáo,甚shèn者zhě必bì解jiě而ér更gēng张zhāng之zhī,乃nǎi可kě鼓gǔ也yě;为wéi政zhèng而ér不bù行xíng,甚shèn者zhě必bì变biàn而ér更gèng化huà之zhī,乃nǎi可kě理lǐ也yě。当dāng更gēng张zhāng而ér不bù更gēng张zhāng,虽suī有yǒu良liáng工gōng不bù能néng善shàn调diào也yě:当dāng更gèng化huà而ér不bù更gèng化huà,虽suī有yǒu大dà贤xián不bù能néng善shàn治zhì也yě。故gù汉hàn得dé天tiān下xià以yǐ来lái,常cháng欲yù善shàn治zhì而ér至zhì今jīn不bù可kě善shàn治zhì者zhě,失shī之zhī于yú当dāng更gèng化huà而ér不bù更gèng化huà也yě。古gǔ人rén有yǒu言yán曰yuē:“临lín渊yuān羡xiàn鱼yú,不bù如rú退tuì而ér结jié网wǎng。”今jīn临lín政zhèng而ér愿yuàn治zhì七qī十shí余yú岁suì矣yǐ,不bù如rú退tuì而ér更gèng化huà;更gèng化huà则zé可kě善shàn治zhì,善shàn治zhì则zé灾zāi害hài日rì去qù,福fú禄lù日rì来lái。《诗shī》云yún:“宜yí民mín宜yí人rén,受shòu禄lù于yú人rén。”为wéi政zhèng而ér宜yí于yú民mín者zhě,固gù当dāng受shòu禄lù于yú天tiān。夫fū仁rén、谊yì、礼lǐ、知zhī、信xìn五wǔ常cháng之zhī道dào,王wáng者zhě所suǒ当dāng修xiū饬chì也yě;五wǔ者zhě修xiū饬chì,故gù受shòu天tiān之zhī晁cháo,而ér享xiǎng鬼guǐ神shén之zhī灵líng,德dé施shī于yú方fāng外wài,延yán及jí群qún生shēng也yě。 天tiān子zi览lǎn其qí对duì而ér异yì焉yān,乃nǎi复fù册cè之zhī曰yuē: 制zhì曰yuē:盖gài闻wén虞yú舜shùn之zhī时shí,游yóu于yú岩yán郎láng之zhī上shàng,垂chuí拱gǒng无wú为wéi,而ér天tiān下xià太tài平píng。周zhōu文wén王wáng至zhì于yú日rì昃zè不bù暇xiá食shí,而ér宇yǔ内nèi亦yì治zhì。夫fū帝dì王wáng之zhī道dào,岂qǐ不bù同tóng条tiáo共gòng贯guàn与yǔ?何hé逸yì劳láo之zhī殊shū也yě? 盖gài俭jiǎn者zhě不bù造zào玄xuán黄huáng旌jīng旗qí之zhī饰shì。及jí至zhì周zhōu室shì,设shè两liǎng观guān,乘chéng大dà路lù,硃zhū干gàn玉yù戚qī,八bā佾yì陈chén于yú庭tíng,而ér颂sòng声shēng兴xīng。夫fū帝dì王wáng之zhī道dào岂qǐ异yì指zhǐ哉zāi?或huò曰yuē良liáng玉yù不bù瑑zhuàn,又yòu曰yuē非fēi文wén亡wáng以yǐ辅fǔ德dé,二èr端duān异yì焉yān。 殷yīn人rén执zhí五wǔ刑xíng以yǐ督dū奸jiān,伤shāng肌jī肤fū以yǐ惩chéng恶è。成chéng、康kāng不bù式shì,四sì十shí余yú年nián天tiān下xià不bù犯fàn,囹líng圄yǔ空kōng虚xū。秦qín国guó用yòng之zhī,死sǐ者zhě甚shèn众zhòng,刑xíng者zhě相xiāng望wàng,秏hào矣yǐ哀āi哉zāi! 乌wū乎hū!朕zhèn夙sù寤wù晨chén兴xīng,惟wéi前qián帝dì王wáng之zhī宪xiàn,永yǒng思sī所suǒ以yǐ奉fèng至zhì尊zūn,章zhāng洪hóng业yè,皆jiē在zài力lì本běn任rèn贤xián。今jīn朕zhèn亲qīn耕gēng籍jí田tián以yǐ为wéi农nóng先xiān,劝quàn孝xiào弟dì,崇chóng有yǒu德dé,使shǐ者zhě冠guān盖gài相xiāng望wàng,问wèn勤qín劳láo,恤xù孤gū独dú,尽jǐn思sī极jí神shén,功gōng烈liè休xiū德dé未wèi始shǐ云yún获huò也yě。今jīn阴yīn阳yáng错cuò缪móu,氛fēn气qì充chōng塞sè,群qún生shēng寡guǎ遂suì,黎lí民mín未wèi济jì,廉lián耻chǐ贸mào乱luàn,贤xián不bù肖xiào浑hún淆xiáo,未wèi得dé其qí真zhēn,故gù详xiáng延yán特tè起qǐ之zhī士shì,庶shù几jī乎hū!今jīn子zi大dà夫fū待dài诏zhào百bǎi有yǒu余yú人rén,或huò道dào世shì务wù而ér未wèi济jì,稽jī诸zhū上shàng古gǔ之zhī不bù同tóng,考kǎo之zhī于yú今jīn而ér难nán行xíng,毋wú乃nǎi牵qiān于yú文wén系xì而ér不bù得dé骋chěng与yǔ?将jiāng所suǒ繇yáo异yì术shù,所suǒ闻wén殊shū方fāng与yǔ?各gè悉xī对duì,著zhù于yú篇piān,毋wú讳huì有yǒu司sī。明míng其qí指zhǐ略lüè,切qiē磋cuō究jiū之zhī。以yǐ称chēng朕zhèn意yì。 仲zhòng舒shū对duì曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén尧yáo受shòu命mìng,以yǐ天tiān下xià为wèi忧yōu,而ér未wèi以yǐ位wèi为wèi乐lè也yě,故gù诛zhū逐zhú乱luàn臣chén,务wù求qiú贤xián圣shèng,是shì以yǐ得dé舜shùn、禹yǔ、稷jì、卨xiè咎jiù繇yáo。众zhòng圣shèng辅fǔ德dé,贤xián能néng佐zuǒ职zhí,教jiào化huà大dà行xíng,天tiān下xià和hé洽qià,万wàn民mín皆jiē安ān仁rén乐lè谊yì,各gè得dé其qí宜yí,动dòng作zuò应yīng礼lǐ,从cóng容róng中zhōng道dào。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“如rú有yǒu王wáng者zhě,必bì世shì而ér后hòu仁rén,”此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。尧yáo在zài位wèi七qī十shí载zài,乃nǎi逊xùn于yú位wèi以yǐ禅chán虞yú舜shùn。尧yáo崩bēng,天tiān下xià不bù归guī尧yáo子zi丹dān硃zhū而ér归guī舜shùn。舜shùn知zhī不bù可kě辟pì,乃nǎi即jí天tiān子zi之zhī位wèi,以yǐ禹yǔ为wèi相xiāng,因yīn尧yáo之zhī辅fǔ佐zuǒ,继jì其qí统tǒng业yè,是shì以yǐ垂chuí拱gǒng无wú为wéi而ér天tiān下xià治zhì。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“《韶sháo》尽jǐn美měi矣yǐ,又yòu尽jǐn善shàn矣yǐ”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。至zhì于yú殷yīn纣zhòu,逆nì天tiān暴bào物wù,杀shā戮lù贤xián知zhī,残cán贼zéi百bǎi姓xìng。伯bó夷yí、太tài公gōng皆jiē当dāng世shì贤xián者zhě,隐yǐn处chù而ér不bù为wèi臣chén。守shǒu职zhí之zhī人rén皆jiē奔bēn走zǒu逃táo亡wáng,入rù于yú河hé海hǎi。天tiān下xià秏hào乱luàn,万wàn民mín不bù安ān,故gù天tiān下xià去qù殷yīn而ér从cóng周zhōu。文wén王wáng顺shùn天tiān理lǐ物wù,师shī用yòng贤xián圣shèng,是shì以yǐ闳hóng夭yāo、大dà颠diān、散sàn宜yí生shēng等děng亦yì聚jù于yú朝cháo廷tíng。爱ài施shī兆zhào民mín,天tiān下xià归guī之zhī,故gù太tài公gōng起qǐ海hǎi滨bīn而ér即jí三sān公gōng也yě。当dāng此cǐ之zhī时shí,纣zhòu尚shàng在zài上shàng,尊zūn卑bēi昏hūn乱luàn,百bǎi姓xìng散sàn亡wáng,故gù文wén王wáng悼dào痛tòng而ér欲yù安ān之zhī,是shì以yǐ日rì昃zè而ér不bù暇xiá食shí民mín。孔kǒng子zi作zuò《春chūn秋qiū》,先xiān正zhèng王wáng而ér系xì万wàn事shì,见jiàn素sù王wáng之zhī文wén焉yān。由yóu此cǐ观guān之zhī,帝dì王wáng之zhī条tiáo贯guàn同tóng,然rán而ér劳láo逸yì异yì者zhě,所suǒ遇yù之zhī时shí异yì也yě。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“《武wǔ》尽jǐn美měi矣yǐ,未wèi尽jǐn善shàn也yě”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。 臣chén闻wén制zhì度dù文wén采cǎi玄xuán黄huáng之zhī饰shì,所suǒ以yǐ明míng尊zūn卑bēi,异yì贵guì贱jiàn,而ér劝quàn有yǒu德dé也yě。故gù《春chūn秋qiū》受shòu命mìng所suǒ先xiān制zhì者zhě,改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,所suǒ以yǐ应yīng天tiān也yě。然rán则zé官guān至zhì旌jīng旗qí之zhī制zhì,有yǒu法fǎ而ér然rán者zhě也yě。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“奢shē则zé不bù逊xùn,俭jiǎn则zé固gù。”俭jiǎn非fēi圣shèng人rén之zhī中zhōng制zhì也yě。臣chén闻wén良liáng玉yù不bù瑑zhuàn,资zī质zhì润rùn美měi,不bù待dài刻kè瑑zhuàn,此cǐ亡wáng异yì于yú达dá巷xiàng党dǎng人rén不bù学xué而ér自zì知zhī也yě。然rán则zé常cháng玉yù不bù瑑zhuàn,不bù成chéng文wén章zhāng;君jūn子zǐ不bù学xué,不bù成chéng其qí德dé。 臣chén闻wén圣shèng王wáng之zhī治zhì天tiān下xià也yě,少shǎo则zé习xí之zhī学xué,长zhǎng则zé材cái诸zhū位wèi,爵jué禄lù以yǐ养yǎng其qí德dé,刑xíng罚fá以yǐ威wēi其qí恶è,故gù民mín晓xiǎo于yú礼lǐ谊yì而ér耻chǐ犯fàn其qí上shàng。武wǔ王wáng行xíng大dà谊yì,平píng残cán贼zéi,周zhōu公gōng作zuò礼lǐ乐yuè以yǐ文wén之zhī,至zhì于yú成chéng康kāng之zhī隆lóng,囹líng圄yǔ空kōng虚xū四sì十shí余yú年nián,此cǐ亦yì教jiào化huà之zhī渐jiàn而ér仁rén谊yì之zhī流liú,非fēi独dú伤shāng肌jī肤fū之zhī效xiào也yě。至zhì秦qín则zé不bù然rán。师shī申shēn商shāng之zhī法fǎ,行xíng韩hán非fēi之zhī说shuō,憎zēng帝dì王wáng之zhī道dào,以yǐ贪tān狼láng为wèi俗sú,非fēi有yǒu文wén德dé以yǐ教jiào训xùn于yú下xià也yě。诛zhū名míng而ér不bù察chá实shí,为wèi善shàn者zhě不bù必bì免miǎn,而ér犯fàn恶è者zhě未wèi必bì刑xíng也yě。是shì以yǐ百bǎi官guān皆jiē饰shì虚xū辞cí而ér不bù顾gù实shí,外wài有yǒu事shì君jūn之zhī礼lǐ,内nèi有yǒu背bèi上shàng之zhī心xīn;造zào伪wěi饰shì诈zhà,趣qù利lì无wú耻chǐ;又yòu好hǎo用yòng 酷kù之zhī吏lì,赋fù敛liǎn亡wáng度dù,竭jié民mín财cái力lì,百bǎi姓xìng散sàn亡wáng,不bù得dé从cóng耕gēng织zhī之zhī业yè,群qún盗dào并bìng起qǐ。是shì以yǐ刑xíng者zhě甚shèn众zhòng,死sǐ者zhě相xiāng望wàng,而ér奸jiān不bù息xī,俗sú化huà使shǐ然rán也yě。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“导dǎo之zhī以yǐ政zhèng,齐qí之zhī以yǐ刑xíng,民mín免miǎn而ér无wú耻chǐ”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。 今jīn陛bì下xià并bìng有yǒu天tiān下xià,海hǎi内nèi莫mò不bù率lǜ服fú,广guǎng览lǎn兼jiān听tīng,极jí群qún下xià之zhī知zhī,尽jǐn天tiān下xià之zhī美měi,至zhì德dé昭zhāo然rán,施shī于yú方fāng外wài。夜yè郎láng、康kāng居jū,殊shū方fāng万wàn里lǐ,说shuō德dé归guī谊yì,此cǐ太tài平píng之zhī致zhì也yě。然rán而ér功gōng不bù加jiā于yú百bǎi姓xìng者zhě,殆dài王wáng心xīn来lái加jiā焉yān。曾céng子zi曰yuē:“尊zūn其qí所suǒ闻wén,则zé高gāo明míng矣yǐ;行xíng其qí所suǒ知zhī,则zé光guāng大dà矣yǐ。高gāo明míng光guāng大dà,不bù在zài于yú它tā,在zài乎hū加jiā之zhī意yì而ér已yǐ。”愿yuàn陛bì下xià因yīn用yòng所suǒ闻wén,设shè诚chéng于yú内nèi而ér致zhì行xíng之zhī,则zé三sān王wáng何hé异yì哉zāi! 陛bì下xià亲qīn耕gēng籍jí田tián以yǐ为wéi农nóng先xiān,夙sù寤wù晨chén兴xīng,忧yōu劳láo万wàn民mín,思sī维wéi往wǎng古gǔ,而ér务wù以yǐ求qiú贤xián,此cǐ亦yì尧yáo、舜shùn之zhī用yòng心xīn也yě,然rán而ér未wèi云yún获huò者zhě,士shì素sù不bù厉lì也yě。夫fū不bù素sù养yǎng士shì而ér欲yù求qiú贤xián,譬pì犹yóu不bù琢zuó玉yù而ér求qiú文wén采cǎi也yě。故gù养yǎng士shì之zhī大dà者zhě,莫mò大dà乎hū太tài学xué;太tài学xué者zhě,贤xián士shì之zhī所suǒ关guān也yě,教jiào化huà之zhī本běn原yuán也yě。今jīn以yǐ一yī郡jùn一yī国guó之zhī众zhòng,对duì亡wáng应yīng书shū者zhě,是shì王wáng道dào往wǎng往wǎng而ér绝jué也yě。臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià兴xīng太tài学xué,置zhì明míng师shī,以yǐ养yǎng天tiān下xià之zhī士shì,数shù考kǎo问wèn以yǐ尽jǐn其qí材cái,则zé英yīng俊jùn宜yí可kě得dé矣yǐ。今jīn之zhī郡jùn守shǒu、县xiàn令lìng,民mín之zhī师shī帅shuài,所suǒ使shǐ承chéng流liú而ér宣xuān化huà也yě;故gù师shī帅shuài不bù贤xián,则zé主zhǔ德dé不bù宣xuān,恩ēn泽zé不bù流liú。今jīn吏lì既jì亡wáng教jiào训xùn于yú下xià,或huò不bù承chéng用yòng主zhǔ上shàng之zhī法fǎ,暴bào虐nüè百bǎi姓xìng,与yǔ奸jiān为wèi市shì,贫pín穷qióng孤gū弱ruò,冤yuān苦kǔ失shī职zhí,甚shèn不bù称chēng陛bì下xià之zhī意yì。是shì以yǐ阴yīn阳yáng错cuò缪móu,氛fēn气qì弃qì塞sāi,群qún生shēng寡guǎ遂suì,黎lí民mín未wèi济jì,皆jiē长zhǎng吏lì不bù明míng,使shǐ至zhì于yú此cǐ也yě。 夫fū长zhǎng吏lì多duō出chū于yú郎láng中zhōng、中zhōng郎láng,吏lì二èr千qiān石shí子zǐ弟dì选xuǎn郎láng吏lì,又yòu以yǐ富fù訾zī,未wèi必bì贤xián也yě。且qiě古gǔ所suǒ谓wèi功gōng者zhě,以yǐ任rèn官guān称chēng职zhí为wèi差chà,非fēi谓wèi积jī日rì累lěi久jiǔ也yě。故gù小xiǎo材cái虽suī累lèi日rì,不bù离lí于yú小xiǎo官guān;贤xián材cái虽suī未wèi久jiǔ,不bù害hài为wèi辅fǔ佐zuǒ。是shì以yǐ有yǒu司sī竭jié力lì尽jìn知zhī,务wù治zhì其qí业yè而ér以yǐ赴fù功gōng。今jīn则zé不bù然rán。累lèi日rì以yǐ取qǔ贵guì,积jī久jiǔ以yǐ致zhì官guān,是shì以yǐ廉lián耻chǐ贸mào乱luàn,贤xián不bù肖xiào浑hún淆xiáo,未wèi得dé其qí真zhēn。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi使shǐ诸zhū列liè侯hóu、郡jùn守shǒu、二èr千qiān石shí各gè择zé其qí吏lì民mín之zhī贤xián者zhě,岁suì贡gòng各gè二èr人rén以yǐ给gěi宿sù卫wèi,且qiě以yǐ观guān大dà臣chén之zhī能néng;所suǒ贡gòng贤xián者zhě有yǒu赏shǎng,所suǒ贡gòng不bù肖xiào者zhě有yǒu罚fá。夫fū如rú是shì,诸zhū侯hóu、吏lì二èr千qiān石shí皆jiē尽jìn心xīn于yú求qiú贤xián,天tiān下xià之zhī士shì可kě得dé而ér官guān使shǐ也yě。遍biàn得dé天tiān下xià之zhī贤xián人rén,则zé三sān王wáng之zhī盛shèng易yì为wèi,而ér尧yáo、舜shùn之zhī名míng可kě及jí也yě。毋wú以yǐ日rì月yuè为wèi功gōng,实shí试shì贤xián能néng为wèi上shàng,量liàng材cái而ér授shòu官guān,录lù德dé而ér定dìng位wèi,则zé廉lián耻chǐ殊shū路lù,贤xián不bù肖xiào异yì处chù矣yǐ。陛bì下xià加jiā惠huì,宽kuān臣chén之zhī罪zuì,令lìng勿wù牵qiān制zhì于yú文wén,使shǐ得de切qiē磋cuō究jiū之zhī,臣chén敢gǎn不bù尽jìn愚yú! 于yú是shì天tiān子zi复fù册cè之zhī。 制zhì曰yuē:盖gài闻wén“善shàn言yán天tiān者zhě必bì有yǒu征zhēng于yú人rén,善shàn言yán古gǔ者zhě必bì有yǒu验yàn于yú今jīn”。故gù朕zhèn垂chuí问wèn乎hū天tiān人rén之zhī应yīng,上shàng嘉jiā唐táng虞yú,下xià悼dào桀jié、纣zhòu,浸jìn微wēi浸jìn灭miè浸jìn明míng浸jìn昌chāng之zhī道dào,虚xū心xīn以yǐ改gǎi。今jīn子zi大dà夫fū明míng于yú阴yīn阳yáng所suǒ以yǐ造zào化huà,习xí于yú先xiān圣shèng之zhī道dào业yè,然rán而ér文wén采cǎi未wèi极jí,岂qǐ惑huò乎hū当dāng世shì之zhī务wù哉zāi?条tiáo贯guàn靡mí竟jìng,统tǒng纪jì未wèi终zhōng,意yì朕zhèn之zhī不bù明míng与yǔ?听tīng若ruò眩xuàn与yǔ?夫fū三sān王wáng之zhī教jiào所suǒ祖zǔ不bù同tóng,而ér皆jiē有yǒu失shī,或huò谓wèi久jiǔ而ér不bù易yì者zhě道dào也yě,意yì岂qǐ异yì哉zāi?今jīn子zi大dà夫fū既jì已yǐ著zhù大dà道dào之zhī极jí,陈chén治zhì乱luàn之zhī端duān矣yǐ,其qí悉xī之zhī究jiū之zhī,孰shú之zhī复fù之zhī。《诗shī》不bù云yún乎hū,“嗟jiē尔ěr君jūn子zǐ,毋wú常cháng安ān息xī,神shén之zhī听tīng之zhī,介jiè尔ěr景jǐng福fú。”朕zhèn将jiāng亲qīn览lǎn焉yān,子zi大dà夫fū其qí茂mào明míng之zhī。 仲zhòng舒shū复fù对duì曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén《论lún语yǔ》曰yuē:“有yǒu始shǐ有yǒu卒zú者zhě,其qí唯wéi圣shèng人rén虖hū!”今jīn陛bì下xià幸xìng加jiā惠huì,留liú听tīng于yú承chéng学xué之zhī臣chén,复fù下xià明míng册cè,以yǐ切qiè其qí意yì,而ér究jiū尽jǐn圣shèng德dé,非fēi愚yú臣chén之zhī所suǒ能néng具jù也yě。前qián所suǒ上shàng对duì,条tiáo贯guàn靡mí竟jìng,统tǒng纪jì不bù终zhōng,辞cí不bù别bié白bái,指zhǐ不bù分fēn明míng,此cǐ臣chén浅qiǎn陋lòu之zhī罪zuì也yě。 册cè曰yuē:“善shàn言yán天tiān者zhě必bì有yǒu征zhēng于yú人rén,善shàn言yán古gǔ者zhě必bì有yǒu验yàn于yú今jīn。”臣chén闻wén天tiān者zhě群qún物wù之zhī祖zǔ也yě。故gù遍biàn覆fù包bāo函hán而ér无wú所suǒ殊shū,建jiàn日rì月yuè风fēng雨yǔ以yǐ和hé之zhī,经jīng阴yīn阳yáng寒hán暑shǔ以yǐ成chéng之zhī。故gù圣shèng人rén法fǎ天tiān而ér立lì道dào,亦yì溥pǔ爱ài而ér亡wáng私sī,布bù德dé施shī仁rén以yǐ厚hòu之zhī,设shè谊yì立lì礼lǐ以yǐ导dǎo之zhī。春chūn者zhě天tiān之zhī所suǒ以yǐ生shēng也yě,仁rén者zhě君jūn之zhī所suǒ以yǐ爱ài也yě;夏xià者zhě天tiān之zhī所suǒ以yǐ长zhǎng也yě,德dé者zhě君jūn之zhī所suǒ以yǐ养yǎng也yě;霜shuāng者zhě天tiān之zhī所suǒ以yǐ杀shā也yě,刑xíng者zhě君jūn之zhī所suǒ以yǐ罚fá也yě。繇yáo此cǐ言yán之zhī,天tiān人rén之zhī征zhēng,古gǔ今jīn之zhī道dào也yě。孔kǒng子zi作zuò《春chūn秋qiū》,上shàng揆kuí之zhī天tiān道dào,下xià质zhì诸zhū人rén情qíng,参cān之zhī于yú古gǔ,考kǎo之zhī于yú今jīn。故gù《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī所suǒ讥jī,灾zāi害hài之zhī所suǒ加jiā也yě;《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī所suǒ恶è,怪guài异yì之zhī所suǒ施shī也yě。书shū邦bāng家jiā之zhī过guò,兼jiān灾zāi异yì之zhī变biàn;以yǐ此cǐ见jiàn人rén之zhī所suǒ为wèi,其qí美měi恶è之zhī极jí,乃nǎi与yǔ天tiān地dì流liú通tōng而ér往wǎng来lái相xiāng应yìng,此cǐ亦yì言yán天tiān之zhī一yī端duān也yě。古gǔ者zhě修xiū教jiào训xùn之zhī官guān,务wù以yǐ德dé善shàn化huà民mín,民mín已yǐ大dà化huà之zhī后hòu,天tiān下xià常cháng亡wáng一yī人rén之zhī狱yù矣yǐ。今jīn世shì废fèi而ér不bù修xiū,亡wáng以yǐ化huà民mín,民mín以yǐ故gù弃qì行xíng谊yì而ér死sǐ财cái利lì,是shì以yǐ犯fàn法fǎ而ér罪zuì多duō,一yī岁suì之zhī狱yù以yǐ万wàn千qiān数shù。以yǐ此cǐ见jiàn古gǔ之zhī不bù可kě不bù用yòng也yě,故gù《春chūn秋qiū》变biàn古gǔ则zé讥jī之zhī。天tiān令lìng之zhī谓wèi命mìng,命mìng非fēi圣shèng人rén不bù行xíng;质zhì朴piáo之zhī谓wèi性xìng,性xìng非fēi教jiào化huà不bù成chéng;人rén欲yù之zhī谓wèi情qíng,情qíng非fēi度dù制zhì不bù节jié。是shì故gù王wáng者zhě上shàng谨jǐn于yú承chéng天tiān意yì,以yǐ顺shùn命mìng也yě;下xià务wù明míng教jiào化huà民mín,以yǐ成chéng性xìng也yě;正zhèng法fǎ度dù之zhī宜yí,别bié上shàng下xià之zhī序xù,以yǐ防fáng欲yù也yě;修xiū此cǐ三sān者zhě,而ér大dà本běn举jǔ矣yǐ。人rén受shòu命mìng于yú天tiān,固gù超chāo然rán异yì于yú群qún生shēng,入rù有yǒu父fù子zǐ兄xiōng弟dì之zhī亲qīn,出chū有yǒu君jūn臣chén上shàng下xià之zhī谊yì,会huì聚jù相xiāng遇yù,则zé有yǒu耆qí老lǎo长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī施shī,粲càn然rán有yǒu文wén以yǐ相xiāng接jiē,欢huān然rán有yǒu恩ēn以yǐ相xiāng爱ài,此cǐ人rén之zhī所suǒ以yǐ贵guì也yě。生shēng五wǔ谷gǔ以yǐ食shí之zhī,桑sāng麻má以yǐ衣yī之zhī,六liù畜chù以yǐ养yǎng之zhī,服fú牛niú乘chéng马mǎ,圈quān豹bào槛kǎn虎hǔ,是shì其qí得dé天tiān之zhī灵líng,贵guì于yú物wù也yě。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“天tiān地dì之zhī性xìng人rén为wéi贵guì。”明míng于yú天tiān性xìng,知zhī自zì贵guì于yú物wù;知zhī自zì贵guì于yú物wù,然rán后hòu知zhī仁rén谊yì;知zhī仁rén谊yì,然rán后hòu重zhòng礼lǐ节jié;重zhòng礼lǐ节jié,然rán后hòu安ān处chù善shàn;安ān处chù善shàn,然rán后hòu乐lè循xún理lǐ;乐lè循xún理lǐ,然rán后hòu谓wèi之zhī君jūn之zhī。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē“不bù知zhī命mìng,亡wáng以yǐ为wéi君jūn子zǐ”,此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。 册cè曰yuē:“上shàng嘉jiā唐táng、虞yú,下xià悼dào桀jié、纣zhòu,浸jìn微wēi浸jìn灭miè浸jìn明míng浸jìn昌chāng之zhī道dào,虚xū心xīn以yǐ改gǎi。”臣chén闻wén众zhòng少shǎo成chéng多duō,积jī小xiǎo致zhì臣chén,故gù圣shèng人rén莫mò不bù以yǐ晻àn致zhì明míng,以yǐ微wēi致zhì显xiǎn。是shì以yǐ尧yáo发fā于yú诸zhū侯hóu,舜shùn兴xīng乎hū深shēn山shān,非fēi一yī日rì而ér显xiǎn也yě,盖gài有yǒu渐jiàn以yǐ致zhì之zhī矣yǐ。言yán出chū于yú已yǐ,不bù可kě塞sāi也yě;行xíng发fā于yú身shēn,不bù可kě掩yǎn也yě。言yán行xíng,治zhì之zhī大dà者zhě,君jūn子zǐ之zhī所suǒ以yǐ动dòng天tiān地dì也yě。故gù尽jǐn小xiǎo者zhě大dà,慎shèn微wēi者zhě著zhù。《诗shī》云yún:“惟wéi此cǐ文wén王wáng,小xiǎo心xīn翼yì翼yì。”胡hú尧yáo兢jīng兢jīng日rì行xíng其qí道dào,而ér舜shùn业yè业yè日rì致zhì其qí孝xiào,善shàn积jī而ér名míng显xiǎn,德dé章zhāng而ér身shēn尊zūn,以yǐ其qí浸jìn明míng浸jìn昌chāng之zhī道dào也yě。积jī善shàn在zài身shēn,犹yóu长zhǎng日rì加jiā益yì,而ér人rén不bù知zhī也yě;积jī恶è在zài身shēn,犹yóu火huǒ之zhī销xiāo膏gāo,而ér人rén不bú见jiàn也yě。非fēi明míng乎hū情qíng性xìng察chá乎hū流liú俗sú者zhě,孰shú能néng知zhī之zhī?此cǐ唐táng、虞yú之zhī所suǒ以yǐ得dé令lìng名míng,而ér桀jié、纣zhòu之zhī可kě为wèi悼dào惧jù者zhě也yě。夫fū善shàn恶è之zhī相xiāng从cóng,如rú景jǐng乡xiāng之zhī应yīng形xíng声shēng也yě。故gù桀jié、纣zhòu暴bào谩mán,谗chán贼zéi并bìng进jìn,贤xián知zhī隐yǐn伏fú,恶è日rì显xiǎn,国guó日rì乱luàn,晏yàn然rán自zì以yǐ如rú日rì在zài天tiān,终zhōng陵líng夷yí而ér大dà坏huài。夫fū暴bào逆nì不bù仁rén者zhě,非fēi一yī日rì而ér亡wáng也yě,亦yì以yǐ渐jiàn至zhì,故gù桀jié、纣zhòu虽suī亡wáng道dào,然rán犹yóu享xiǎng国guó十shí余yú年nián,此cǐ其qí浸jìn微wēi浸jìn灭miè之zhī道dào也yě。 册cè曰yuē:“三sān王wáng之zhī教jiào所suǒ祖zǔ不bù同tóng,而ér皆jiē有yǒu失shī,或huò谓wèi久jiǔ而ér不bù易yì者zhě道dào也yě,意yì岂qǐ异yì哉zāi?”臣chén闻wén夫fū乐lè而ér不bù乱luàn复fù而ér不bù厌yàn者zhě谓wèi之zhī道dào;道dào者zhě万wàn世shì之zhī弊bì,弊bì者zhě道dào之zhī失shī也yě。先xiān王wáng之zhī道dào必bì有yǒu偏piān而ér不bù起qǐ之zhī处chù,故gù政zhèng有yǒu眊mào而ér不bù行xíng,举jǔ其qí偏piān者zhě以yǐ补bǔ其qí弊bì而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。三sān王wáng之zhī道dào所suǒ祖zǔ不bù同tóng,非fēi其qí相xiāng反fǎn,将jiāng以yǐ救jiù溢yì扶fú衰shuāi,所suǒ遭zāo之zhī变biàn然rán也yě。故gù孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“亡wáng为wèi而ér治zhì者zhě,其qí舜shùn乎hū!”改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,以yǐ顺shùn天tiān命mìng而ér已yǐ;其qí余yú尽jǐn循xún尧yáo道dào,何hé更gèng为wéi哉zāi!故gù王wáng者zhě有yǒu改gǎi制zhì之zhī名míng,亡wáng变biàn道dào之zhī实shí。然rán夏xià上shàng忠zhōng,殷yīn上shàng敬jìng,周zhōu上shàng文wén者zhě,所suǒ继jì之zhī救jiù,当dāng用yòng此cǐ也yě。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“殷yīn因yīn于yú夏xià礼lǐ,所suǒ损sǔn益yì可kě知zhī也yě;周zhōu因yīn于yú殷yīn礼lǐ,所suǒ损sǔn益yì可kě知zhī也yě;其qí或huò继jì周zhōu者zhě,虽suī百bǎi世shì可kě知zhī也yě。”此cǐ言yán百bǎi王wáng之zhī用yòng,以yǐ此cǐ三sān者zhě矣yǐ。夏xià因yīn于yú虞yú,而ér独dú不bù言yán所suǒ损sǔn益yì者zhě,其qí道dào如rú一yī而ér所suǒ上shàng同tóng也yě。道dào之zhī大dà原yuán出chū于yú天tiān,天tiān不bù变biàn,道dào亦yì不bù变biàn,是shì以yǐ禹yǔ继jì舜shùn,舜shùn继jì尧yáo,三sān圣shèng相xiāng受shòu而ér守shǒu一yī道dào,亡wáng救jiù弊bì之zhī政zhèng也yě,故gù不bù言yán其qí所suǒ损sǔn益yì也yě。繇yáo是shì观guān之zhī,继jì治zhì世shì者zhě其qí道dào同tóng,继jì乱luàn世shì者zhě其qí道dào变biàn。今jīn汉hàn继jì大dà乱luàn之zhī后hòu,若ruò宜yí少shǎo损sǔn周zhōu之zhī文wén致zhì,用yòng夏xià之zhī忠zhōng者zhě。 陛bì下xià有yǒu明míng德dé嘉jiā道dào,愍mǐn世shì欲yù之zhī靡mí薄báo,悼dào王wáng道dào之zhī不bù昭zhāo,故gù举jǔ贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng之zhī士shì,论lùn议yì考kǎo问wèn,将jiāng欲yù兴xīng仁rén谊yì之zhī林lín德dé,明míng帝dì王wáng之zhī法fǎ制zhì,建jiàn太tài平píng之zhī道dào也yě。臣chén愚yú不bù肖xiào,述shù所suǒ闻wén,诵sòng所suǒ学xué,道dào师shī之zhī言yán,廑jǐn能néng勿wù失shī耳ěr。若ruò乃nǎi论lùn政zhèng事shì之zhī得dé失shī,察chá天tiān下xià之zhī息xī耗hào,此cǐ大dà臣chén辅fǔ佐zuǒ之zhī职zhí,三sān公gōng九jiǔ卿qīng之zhī任rèn,非fēi臣chén仲zhòng舒shū所suǒ能néng及jí也yě,然rán而ér臣chén窃qiè有yǒu怪guài者zhě。夫fū古gǔ之zhī天tiān下xià亦yì今jīn之zhī天tiān下xià,今jīn之zhī天tiān下xià亦yì古gǔ之zhī天tiān下xià,共gòng是shì天tiān下xià,古gǔ以yǐ大dà治zhì,上shàng下xià和hé睦mù,习xí俗sú美měi盛shèng,不bù令lìng而ér行xíng,不bù禁jīn而ér止zhǐ,吏lì亡wáng奸jiān邪xié,民mín亡wáng盗dào贼zéi,囹líng圄yǔ空kōng虚xū,德dé润rùn草cǎo木mù,泽zé被bèi四sì海hǎi,凤fèng皇huáng来lái集jí,麒qí麟lín来lái游yóu,以yǐ古gǔ准zhǔn今jīn,壹yī何hé不bù相xiāng逮dǎi之zhī远yuǎn也yě!安ān所suǒ缪móu 而ér陵líng夷yí若ruò是shì?意yì者zhě有yǒu所suǒ失shī于yú古gǔ之zhī道dào与yǔ?有yǒu所suǒ诡guǐ于yú天tiān之zhī理lǐ与yǔ?试shì迹jì之zhī于yú古gǔ,返fǎn之zhī于yú天tiān,党dǎng可kě得dé见jiàn乎hū。 夫fū天tiān亦yì有yǒu所suǒ分fēn予yǔ,予yǔ之zhī齿chǐ者zhě去qù其qí角jiǎo,傅fù其qí翼yì者zhě两liǎng其qí足zú,是shì所suǒ受shòu大dà者zhě不bù得dé取qǔ小xiǎo也yě。古gǔ之zhī所suǒ予yǔ禄lù者zhě,不bù食shí于yú力lì,不bù动dòng于yú末mò,是shì亦yì受shòu大dà者zhě不bù得dé取qǔ小xiǎo,与yǔ天tiān同tóng意yì者zhě也yě。夫fū已yǐ受shòu大dà,又yòu取qǔ小xiǎo,天tiān不bù能néng足zú,而ér况kuàng人rén乎hū!此cǐ民mín之zhī所suǒ以yǐ嚣xiāo嚣xiāo苦kǔ不bù足zú也yě。身shēn宠chǒng而ér载zài高gāo位wèi,家jiā温wēn而ér食shí厚hòu禄lù,因yīn乘chéng富fù贵guì之zhī资zī力lì,以yǐ与yǔ民mín争zhēng利lì于yú下xià,民mín安ān能néng如rú之zhī哉zāi!是shì故gù众zhòng其qí奴nú婢bì,多duō其qí牛niú羊yáng,广guǎng其qí田tián宅zhái,博bó其qí产chǎn业yè,畜chù其qí积jī委wěi,务wù此cǐ而ér亡wáng已yǐ,以yǐ迫pò蹴cù民mín,民mín日rì削xuē月yuè浸jìn,浸jìn以yǐ大dà穷qióng。富fù者zhě奢shē侈chǐ羡xiàn溢yì,贫pín者zhě穷qióng急jí愁chóu苦kǔ;穷qióng急jí愁chóu苦kǔ而ér不bù上shàng救jiù,则zé民mín不bù乐lè生shēng;民mín不bù乐lè生shēng,尚shàng不bù避bì死sǐ,安ān能néng避bì罪zuì!此cǐ刑xíng罚fá之zhī所suǒ以yǐ蕃fān而ér奸jiān邪xié不bù可kě胜shèng者zhě也yě。故gù受shòu禄lù之zhī家jiā,食shí禄lù而ér已yǐ,不bù与yǔ民mín争zhēng业yè,然rán后hòu利lì可kě均jūn布bù,而ér民mín可kě家jiā足zú。此cǐ上shàng天tiān之zhī理lǐ,而ér亦yì太tài古gǔ之zhī道dào,天tiān子zi之zhī所suǒ宜yí法fǎ以yǐ为wéi制zhì,大dà夫fū之zhī所suǒ当dāng循xún以yǐ为wéi行xíng也yě。故gù公gōng仪yí子zi相xiāng鲁lǔ,之zhī其qí家jiā见jiàn织zhī帛bó,怒nù而ér出chū其qí妻qī,食shí于yú舍shě而ér茹rú葵kuí,愠yùn而ér拔bá其qí葵kuí,曰yuē:“吾wú已yǐ食shí禄lù,又yòu夺duó园yuán夫fū红hóng女nǚ利lì乎hū!”古gǔ之zhī贤xián人rén君jūn子zǐ在zài列liè位wèi者zhě皆jiē如rú是shì,是shì故gù下xià高gāo其qí行xíng而ér从cóng其qí教jiào,民mín化huà其qí廉lián而ér不bù贪tān鄙bǐ。及jí至zhì周zhōu室shì之zhī衰shuāi,其qí卿qīng大dà夫fū缓huǎn于yú谊yì而ér急jí于yú利lì,亡wáng推tuī让ràng之zhī风fēng而ér有yǒu争zhēng田tián之zhī讼sòng。故gù诗shī人rén疾jí而ér刺cì之zhī,曰yuē:“节jié彼bǐ南nán山shān,惟wéi石shí岩yán岩yán,赫hè赫hè师shī尹yǐn,民mín具jù尔ěr瞻zhān。”尔ěr好hǎo谊yì,则zé民mín乡xiāng仁rén而ér俗sú善shàn;尔ěr好hǎo利lì,则zé民mín好hǎo邪xié而ér俗sú败bài。由yóu是shì观guān之zhī,天tiān子zi大dà夫fū者zhě,下xià民mín之zhī所suǒ视shì效xiào,远yuǎn方fāng之zhī所suǒ四sì面miàn而ér内nèi望wàng也yě。近jìn者zhě视shì而ér放fàng之zhī,远yuǎn者zhě望wàng而ér效xiào之zhī,岂qǐ可kě以yǐ居jū贤xián人rén之zhī位wèi而ér为wèi庶shù人rén行xíng哉zāi!夫fū皇huáng皇huáng求qiú财cái利lì常cháng恐kǒng乏fá匮kuì者zhě,庶shù人rén之zhī意yì也yě;皇huáng求qiú仁rén义yì常cháng恐kǒng不bù能néng化huà民mín者zhě,大dà夫fū之zhī意yì也yě。《易yì》曰yuē:“负fù且qiě乘chéng,致zhì寇kòu至zhì。”乘chéng车chē者zhě君jūn子zǐ之zhī位wèi也yě,负fù担dān着zhe小xiǎo人rén之zhī事shì也yě,此cǐ言yán居jū君jūn子zǐ之zhī位wèi而ér为wèi庶shù人rén之zhī行xíng者zhě,其qí患huàn祸huò必bì至zhì也yě。若ruò居jū君jūn子zǐ之zhī位wèi,当dāng君jūn子zǐ之zhī行xíng,则zé舍shě公gōng仪yí休xiū之zhī相xiāng鲁lǔ,亡wáng可kě为wèi者zhě矣yǐ。 《春chūn秋qiū》大dà一yī统tǒng者zhě,天tiān地dì之zhī常cháng经jīng,古gǔ今jīn之zhī通tōng谊yì也yě。今jīn师shī异yì道dào,人rén异yì论lùn,百bǎi家jiā殊shū方fāng,指zhǐ意yì不bù同tóng,是shì以yǐ上shàng亡wáng以yǐ持chí一yī统tǒng;法fǎ制zhì数shù变biàn,下xià不bù知zhī所suǒ守shǒu。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi诸zhū不bù在zài六liù艺yì之zhī科kē孔kǒng子zi之zhī术shù者zhě,皆jiē绝jué其qí道dào,勿wù使shǐ并bìng进jìn。邪xié辟pì之zhī说shuō灭miè息xī,然rán后hòu统tǒng纪jì可kě一yī而ér法fǎ度dù可kě明míng,民mín知zhī所suǒ从cóng矣yǐ。 对duì既jì毕bì,天tiān子zi以yǐ仲zhòng舒shū为wèi江jiāng都dū相xiāng,事shì易yì王wáng。易yì王wáng,帝dì兄xiōng,素sù骄jiāo,好hǎo勇yǒng。仲zhòng舒shū以yǐ礼lǐ谊yì匡kuāng正zhèng,王wáng敬jìng重zhòng焉yān。久jiǔ之zhī,王wáng问wèn仲zhòng舒shū曰yuē:“粤yuè王wáng勾gōu践jiàn与yǔ大dà夫fū泄xiè庸yōng、种zhǒng、蠡lí谋móu伐fá吴wú,遂suì灭miè之zhī。孔kǒng子zi称chēng殷yīn有yǒu三sān仁rén,寡guǎ人rén亦yì以yǐ为wéi粤yuè有yǒu三sān仁rén。桓huán公gōng决jué疑yí于yú管guǎn仲zhòng,寡guǎ人rén决jué疑yí于yú君jūn。”仲zhòng舒shū对duì曰yuē:“臣chén愚yú不bù足zú以yǐ奉fèng大dà对duì。闻wén昔xī者zhě鲁lǔ君jūn问wèn柳liǔ下xià惠huì:‘吾wú欲yù伐fá齐qí,何hé如rú?’柳liǔ下xià惠huì曰yuē:‘不bù可kě。’归guī而ér有yǒu忧yōu色sè,曰yuē:‘吾wú闻wén伐fá国guó不bù问wèn仁rén人rén,此cǐ言yán何hé为wèi至zhì于yú我wǒ哉zāi!’徒tú见jiàn问wèn耳ěr,且qiě犹yóu羞xiū之zhī,况kuàng设shè诈zhà以yǐ伐fá吴wú乎hū?由yóu此cǐ言yán之zhī,粤yuè本běn无wú一yī仁rén。夫fū仁rén人rén者zhě,正zhèng其qí谊yì不bù谋móu其qí利lì,明míng其qí道dào不bù计jì其qí功gōng。是shì以yǐ仲zhòng尼ní之zhī门mén,五wǔ尺chǐ之zhī童tóng羞xiū称chēng五wǔ伯bó,为wèi其qí先xiān诈zhà力lì而ér后hòu仁rén谊yì也yě。苟gǒu为wèi诈zhà而ér已yǐ,故gù不bù足zú称chēng于yú大dà君jūn子zi之zhī门mén也yě。五wǔ伯bó比bǐ于yú他tā诸zhū侯hóu为wèi贤xián,其qí比bǐ三sān王wáng,犹yóu武wǔ夫fū之zhī与yǔ美měi玉yù也yě。”王wáng曰yuē:“善shàn。” 仲zhòng舒shū治zhì国guó,以yǐ《春chūn秋qiū》灾zāi异yì之zhī变biàn推tuī阴yīn阳yáng所suǒ以yǐ错cuò行xíng,故gù求qiú雨yǔ,闭bì诸zhū阳yáng,纵zòng诸zhū阴yīn,其qí止zhǐ雨yǔ反fǎn是shì;行xíng之zhī一yī国guó,未wèi尝cháng不bù得dé所suǒ欲yù。中zhōng废fèi为wèi中zhōng大dà夫fū。先xiān是shì辽liáo东dōng高gāo庙miào、长zhǎng陵líng高gāo园yuán殿diàn灾zāi,仲zhòng舒shū居jū家jiā推tuī说shuō其qí意yì,草cǎo稿gǎo未wèi上shàng,主zhǔ父fù偃yǎn候hòu仲zhòng舒shū,私sī见jiàn,嫉jí之zhī,窃qiè其qí书shū而ér奏zòu焉yān。上shàng召zhào视shì诸zhū儒rú,仲zhòng舒shū弟dì子zǐ吕lǚ步bù舒shū不bù知zhī其qí师shī书shū,以yǐ为wéi大dà愚yú。于yú是shì下xià仲zhòng舒shū吏lì,当dāng死sǐ,诏zhào赦shè之zhī,仲zhòng舒shū遂suì不bù敢gǎn复fù言yán灾zāi异yì。 仲zhòng舒shū为wéi人rén廉lián直zhí。是shì时shí方fāng外wài攘rǎng四sì夷yí,公gōng孙sūn弘hóng治zhì《春chūn秋qiū》不bù如rú仲zhòng舒shū,而ér弘hóng希xī世shì用yòng事shì,位wèi至zhì公gōng卿qīng。仲zhòng舒shū以yǐ弘hóng为wèi从cóng谀yú,弘hóng嫉jí之zhī。胶jiāo西xī王wáng亦yì上shàng兄xiōng也yě,尤yóu纵zòng恣zì,数shù害hài吏lì二èr千qiān石shí。弘hóng乃nǎi言yán于yú上shàng曰yuē:“独dú董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū可kě使shǐ相xiāng胶jiāo西xī王wáng。”胶jiāo西xī王wáng闻wén仲zhòng舒shū大dà儒rú,善shàn待dài之zhī。仲zhòng舒shū恐kǒng久jiǔ获huò罪zuì,病bìng免miǎn。凡fán相xiāng两liǎng国guó,辄zhé事shì骄jiāo王wáng,正zhèng身shēn以yǐ率lǜ下xià,数shù上shàng疏shū谏jiàn争zhēng,教jiào令lìng国guó中zhōng,所suǒ居jū而ér治zhì。及jí去qù位wèi归guī居jū,终zhōng不bù问wèn家jiā产chǎn业yè,以yǐ修xiū学xué著zhù书shū为wèi事shì。 仲zhòng舒shū在zài家jiā,朝cháo廷tíng如rú有yǒu大dà议yì,使shǐ使shǐ者zhě及jí廷tíng尉wèi张zhāng汤tāng就jiù其qí家jiā而ér问wèn之zhī,其qí对duì皆jiē有yǒu明míng法fǎ。自zì武wǔ帝dì初chū立lì,魏wèi其qí、武wǔ安ān侯hóu为wèi相xiāng而ér隆lóng儒rú矣yǐ。及jí仲zhòng舒shū对duì册cè,推tuī明míng孔kǒng氏shì,抑yì黜chù百bǎi家jiā。立lì学xué校xiào之zhī官guān,州zhōu郡jùn举jǔ茂mào材cái孝xiào廉lián,皆jiē自zì仲zhòng舒shū发fā之zhī。年nián老lǎo,以yǐ寿shòu终zhōng于yú家jiā,家jiā徙xǐ茂mào陵líng,子zi及jí孙sūn皆jiē以yǐ学xué至zhì大dà官guān。 仲zhòng舒shū所suǒ著zhù,皆jiē明míng经jīng术shù之zhī意yì,及jí上shàng疏shū条tiáo教jiào,凡fán百bǎi二èr十shí三sān篇piān。而ér说shuō《春chūn秋qiū》事shì得dé失shī,《闻wén举jǔ》、《玉yù杯bēi》、《蕃fān露lù》、《清qīng明míng》、《竹zhú林lín》之zhī属shǔ,复fù数shù十shí篇piān,十shí余yú万wàn言yán,皆jiē传chuán于yú后hòu世shì。掇duō其qí切qiè当dàng世shì施shī朝cháo廷tíng者zhě著zhù于yú篇piān。 赞zàn曰yuē:刘liú向xiàng称chēng:“董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū有yǒu王wáng佐zuǒ之zhī材cái,虽suī伊yī、吕lǚ亡wáng以yǐ加jiā,管guǎn、晏yàn之zhī属shǔ,伯bó者zhě之zhī佐zuǒ,殆dài不bù及jí也yě。”至zhì向xiàng子zi歆xīn以yǐ为wéi:“伊yī、吕lǚ乃nǎi圣shèng人rén之zhī耦ǒu,王wáng者zhě不bù得dé则zé不bù兴xīng。故gù颜yán渊yuān死sǐ,孔kǒng子zi曰yuē‘噫yī!天tiān丧sàng余yú。’唯wéi此cǐ一yī人rén为wéi能néng当dāng之zhī,自zì宰zǎi我wǒ、子zi赣gàn、子zi游yóu、子zi夏xià不bù与yǔ焉yān。仲zhòng舒shū遭zāo汉hàn承chéng秦qín灭miè学xué之zhī后hòu,《六liù经jīng》离lí析xī,下xià帷wéi发fā愤fèn,潜qián心xīn大dà业yè,令lìng后hòu学xué者zhě有yǒu所suǒ统tǒng壹yī,为wèi群qún儒rú首shǒu。然rán考kǎo其qí师shī友yǒu渊yuān源yuán所suǒ渐jiàn,犹yóu未wèi及jí乎hū游yóu、夏xià,而ér曰yuē管guǎn、晏yàn弗fú及jí,伊yī、吕lǚ不bù加jiā,过guò矣yǐ。”至zhì向xiàng曾zēng孙sūn龚gōng,笃dǔ论lùn君jūn子zǐ也yě,以yǐ歆xīn之zhī言yán为wèi然rán。

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