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卷juǎn七qī十shí三sān犖luòは痛tòng谒yè氖nǎi

韦wéi贤xián字zì长zhǎng孺rú。鲁lǔ国guó邹zōu人rén也yě。其qí先xiān韦wéi孟mèng,家jiā本běn彭péng城chéng,为wèi楚chǔ元yuán王wáng傅fù,傅fù子zi夷yí王wáng及jí孙sūn王wáng戊wù。戊wù荒huāng淫yín不bù遵zūn道dào,孟mèng作zuò诗shī风fēng谏jiàn。后hòu遂suì去qù位wèi,徒tú家jiā于yú邹zōu,又yòu作zuò一yī篇piān。其qí谏jiàn诗shī曰yuē: 肃sù肃sù我wǒ祖zǔ,国guó自zì豕shǐ韦wéi,黼fǔ衣yī硃zhū绂fú,四sì牡mǔ龙lóng旂qí。彤tóng弓gōng斯sī征zhēng,抚fǔ宁níng遐xiá荒huāng,总zǒng齐qí群qún邦bāng,以yǐ翼yì大dà商shāng,迭dié披pī大dà彭péng,勋xūn绩jì惟wéi光guāng。至zhì于yú有yǒu周zhōu,历lì世shì会huì同tóng。王wáng赧nǎn听tīng谮zèn,实shí绝jué我wǒ邦bāng。我wǒ邦bāng既jì绝jué,厥jué政zhèng斯sī逸yì,赏shǎng罚fá之zhī行xíng,非fēi由yóu王wáng室shì。庶shù尹yǐn群qún后hòu,靡mí扶fú靡mí卫wèi,五wǔ服fú崩bēng离lí,宗zōng周zhōu以yǐ队duì。我wǒ祖zǔ斯sī微wēi,迁qiān于yú彭péng城chéng,在zài予yǔ小xiǎo子zi,勤qín诶éi厥jué生shēng,厄è此cǐ嫚mān秦qín,耒lěi耜sì以yǐ耕gēng。悠yōu悠yōu嫚mān秦qín,上shàng天tiān不bù宁níng,乃nǎi眷juàn南nán顾gù,授shòu汉hàn于yú京jīng。 于yú赫hè有yǒu汉hàn,四sì方fāng是shì征zhēng,靡mí适shì不bù怀huái,万wàn国guó逌yōu平píng。乃nǎi命mìng厥jué弟dì,建jiàn侯hóu于yú楚chǔ,俾bǐ我wǒ小xiǎo臣chén,惟wéi傅fù是shì辅fǔ。兢jīng兢jīng元yuán王wáng,恭gōng俭jiǎn净jìng一yī,惠huì此cǐ黎lí民mín,纳nà彼bǐ辅fǔ弼bì。飨xiǎng国guó渐jiàn世shì,垂chuí烈liè于yú后hòu,乃nǎi及jí夷yí王wáng,克kè奉fèng厥jué绪xù。咨zī命mìng不bù永yǒng,唯wéi王wáng统tǒng祀sì,左zuǒ右yòu陪péi臣chén,此cǐ惟wéi皇huáng士shì。 如rú何hé我wǒ王wáng,不bù思sī守shǒu保bǎo,不bù惟wéi履lǚ冰bīng,以yǐ继jì祖zǔ考kǎo!邦bāng事shì是shì废fèi,逸yì游yóu是shì娱yú,犬quǎn马mǎ繇yáo繇yáo,是shì放fàng是shì驱qū。务wù彼bǐ鸟niǎo兽shòu,忽hū此cǐ稼jià苗miáo,烝zhēng民mín以yǐ匮kuì,我wǒ王wáng以yǐ愉yú。所suǒ弘hóng非fēi德dé,所suǒ亲qīn非fēi悛quān,唯wéi囿yòu是shì恢huī,唯wéi谀yú是shì信xìn。睮yú睮yú谄chǎn夫fū,咢è咢è黄huáng发fā,如rú何hé我wǒ王wáng,曾céng不bú是shì察chá!既jì藐miǎo下xià臣chén,追zhuī欲yù从cóng逸yì,嫚mān彼bǐ显xiǎn祖zǔ,轻qīng兹zī削xuē黜chù。 嗟jiē嗟jiē我wǒ王wáng,汉hàn之zhī睦mù亲qīn,曾céng不bù夙sù夜yè,以yǐ休xiū令lìng闻wén!穆mù穆mù天tiān子zi,临lín尔ěr下xià土tǔ,明míng明míng群qún司sī,执zhí宪xiàn靡mí顾gù。正zhèng遐xiá由yóu近jìn,殆dài其qí怙hù兹zī,嗟jiē嗟jiē我wǒ王wáng,曷hé不bù此cǐ思sī! 非fēi思sī非fēi鉴jiàn,嗣sì其qí罔wǎng则zé,弥mí弥mí其qí失shī,岌jí岌jí其qí国guó。致zhì冰bīng匪fěi霜shuāng,致zhì队duì靡mí嫚mān,瞻zhān惟wéi我wǒ王wáng,昔xī靡mí不bù练liàn。兴xīng国guó救jiù颠diān,孰shú违wéi悔huǐ过guò,追zhuī思sī黄huáng发fā,秦qín缪móu以yǐ霸bà。岁suì月yuè其qí徂cú,年nián其qí逮dǎi耇gǒu,于yú昔xī君jūn子zǐ,庶shù显xiǎn于yú后hòu。我wǒ王wáng如rú何hé,曾céng不bù斯sī觉jué!黄huáng发fā不bù近jìn,胡hú不bù时shí监jiān! 其qí在zài邹zōu诗shī曰yuē: 微wēi微wēi小xiǎo子zi,既jì耇gǒu且qiě陋lòu,岂qǐ不bù牵qiān位wèi,秽huì我wǒ王wáng朝cháo。王wáng朝cháo肃sù清qīng。唯wéi俊jùn之zhī庭tíng,顾gù瞻zhān余yú躬gōng,惧jù秽huì此cǐ征zhēng。 我wǒ之zhī退tuì征zhēng,请qǐng于yú天tiān子zi,天tiān子zi我wǒ恤xù,矜jīn我wǒ发fā齿chǐ。赫hè赫hè天tiān子zi,明míng哲zhé且qiě仁rén,悬xuán车chē之zhī义yì,以yǐ洎jì小xiǎo臣chén。嗟jiē我wǒ小xiǎo子zi,岂qǐ不bù怀huái土tǔ?庶shù我wǒ王wáng寤wù,越yuè迁qiān于yú鲁lǔ。 既jì去qù祢mí祖zǔ,惟wéi怀huái惟wéi顾gù,祁qí祁qí我wǒ徒tú,戴dài负fù盈yíng路lù。爰yuán戾lì于yú邹zōu,剪jiǎn茅máo作zuò堂táng,我wǒ徒tú我wǒ环huán,筑zhù室shì于yú墙qiáng。 我wǒ即jí 逝shì,心xīn存cún我wǒ旧jiù,梦mèng我wǒ渎dú上shàng,立lì于yú王wáng朝cháo。其qí梦mèng如rú何hé?梦mèng争zhēng王wáng室shì。其qí争zhēng如rú何hé?梦mèng王wáng我wǒ弼bì。寤wù其qí外wài邦bāng,叹tàn其qí喟kuì然rán,念niàn我wǒ祖zǔ考kǎo,泣qì涕tì其qí涟lián。微wēi微wēi老lǎo夫fū,咨zī既jì迁qiān绝jué,洋yáng洋yáng仲zhòng尼ní,视shì我wǒ遗yí烈liè。济jì济jì邹zōu鲁lǔ,礼lǐ义yì唯wéi恭gōng,诵sòng习xí弦xián歌gē,于yú异yì他tā邦bāng。我wǒ虽suī鄙bǐ耇gǒu,心xīn其qí好hǎo而ér,我wǒ徒tú侃kǎn尔ěr,乐lè亦yì在zài而ér。 孟mèng卒zú于yú邹zōu。或huò曰yuē其qí子zǐ孙sūn好hǎo事shì,述shù先xiān人rén之zhī志zhì而ér作zuò是shì诗shī也yě。 自zì孟mèng至zhì贤xián五wǔ世shì。贤xián为wéi人rén质zhì朴piáo少shǎo欲yù,笃dǔ志zhì于yú学xué,兼jiān能néng《礼lǐ》、《尚shàng书shū》,以yǐ《诗shī》教jiào授shòu,号hào称chēng邹zōu鲁lǔ大dà儒rú。征zhēng为wèi博bó士shì,给gěi事shì中zhōng,进jìn授shòu昭zhāo帝dì《诗shī》,稍shāo迁qiān光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū、詹zhān事shì,至zhì大dà鸿hóng胪lú。昭zhāo帝dì崩bēng,无wú嗣sì,大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng与yǔ公gōng卿qīng共gòng尊zūn立lì孝xiào宣xuān帝dì。帝dì初chū即jí位wèi,贤xián以yǐ与yǔ谋móu议yì,安ān宗zōng庙miào,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,食shí邑yì。徙xǐ为wèi长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ,以yǐ先xiān帝dì师shī,甚shèn见jiàn尊zūn重zhòng。本běn始shǐ三sān年nián,代dài蔡cài义yì为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,封fēng扶fú阳yáng侯hóu,食shí邑yì七qī百bǎi户hù。时shí,贤xián七qī十shí余yú,为wèi相xiāng五wǔ岁suì,地dì节jié三sān年nián以yǐ老lǎo病bìng乞qǐ骸hái骨gǔ,赐cì黄huáng金jīn百bǎi斤jīn,罢bà归guī,加jiā赐cì第dì一yī区qū。丞chéng相xiàng致zhì仕shì自zì贤xián始shǐ。年nián八bā十shí二èr薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē节jié侯hóu。 贤xián四sì子zi:长zhǎng子zǐ方fāng山shān为wèi高gāo寝qǐn令lìng,早zǎo终zhōng;次cì子zi弘hóng,至zhì东dōng海hǎi太tài守shǒu;次cì子zi舜shùn,留liú鲁lǔ守shǒu坟fén墓mù;少shǎo子zǐ玄xuán成chéng,复fù以yǐ明míng经jīng历lì位wèi至zhì丞chéng相xiàng。故gù邹zōu鲁lǔ谚yàn曰yuē:“遗yí子zi黄huáng金jīn满mǎn籝yíng,不bù如rú一yī经jīng。” 玄xuán成chéng字zì少shǎo翁wēng,以yǐ父fù任rèn为wèi郎láng,常cháng侍shì骑qí。少shǎo好hào学xué,修xiū父fù业yè,尤yóu谦qiān逊xùn下xià士shì。出chū遇yù知zhī识shí步bù行xíng,辄zhé下xià从cóng者zhě,与yǔ载zài送sòng之zhī,以yǐ为wéi常cháng。其qí接jiē人rén,贫pín贱jiàn者zhě益yì加jiā敬jìng,繇yáo是shì名míng誉yù日rì广guǎng。以yǐ明míng经jīng擢zhuó为wèi谏jiàn大dà夫fū,迁qiān大dà河hé都dū尉wèi。 初chū,玄xuán成chéng兄xiōng弘hóng为wèi太tài常cháng丞chéng,职zhí奉fèng宗zōng庙miào,典diǎn诸zhū陵líng邑yì,烦fán剧jù多duō罪zuì过guò。父fù贤xián以yǐ弘hóng当dāng为wèi嗣sì,故gù敕chì令lìng自zì免miǎn。弘hóng怀huái谦qiān,不bù去qù官guān。及jí贤xián病bìng笃dǔ,弘hóng竟jìng坐zuò宗zōng庙miào事shì系xì狱yù,罪zuì未wèi决jué。室shì家jiā问wèn贤xián当dāng为wèi后hòu者zhě,贤xián恚huì恨hèn不bù肯kěn言yán。于yú是shì贤xián门mén下xià生shēng博bó士shì义yì倩qiàn等děng与yǔ宗zōng家jiā计jì议yì,共gòng矫jiǎo贤xián令lìng,使shǐ家jiā丞chéng上shàng书shū言yán大dà行xíng,以yǐ大dà河hé都dū尉wèi玄xuán成chéng为wéi后hòu。贤xián薨hōng,玄xuán成chéng在zài官guān闻wén丧sàng,又yòu言yán当dāng为wèi嗣sì,玄xuán成chéng深shēn知zhī其qí非fēi贤xián雅yǎ意yì,即jí阳yáng为wèi病bìng狂kuáng,卧wò便biàn利lì,妄wàng笑xiào语yǔ昏hūn乱luàn。征zhēng至zhì长cháng安ān,既jì葬zàng,当dāng袭xí爵jué,以yǐ病bìng狂kuáng不bù应yìng召zhào。大dà鸿hóng胪lú奏zòu状zhuàng,章zhāng下xià丞chéng相xiàng、御yù史shǐ案àn验yàn。玄xuán成chéng素sù有yǒu名míng声shēng,士shì大dà夫fū多duō疑yí其qí欲yù让ràng爵jué辟pì兄xiōng者zhě。案àn事shì丞chéng相xiàng史shǐ乃nǎi与yǔ玄xuán成chéng书shū曰yuē:“古gǔ之zhī辞cí让ràng,必bì有yǒu文wén义yì可kě观guān,故gù能néng垂chuí荣róng于yú后hòu。今jīn子zi独dú坏huài容róng貌mào,蒙méng耻chǐ辱rǔ,为wèi狂kuáng痴chī,光guāng耀yào暗àn而ér不bù宣xuān。微wēi哉zāi!子zi之zhī所suǒ托tuō名míng也yě。仆pū素sù愚yú陋lòu,过guò为wèi宰zǎi相xiàng执zhí事shì,愿yuàn少shǎo闻wén风fēng声shēng。不bù然rán,恐kǒng子zi伤shāng高gāo而ér仆pū为wèi小xiǎo人rén也yě。”玄xuán成chéng友yǒu人rén侍shì郎láng章zhāng亦yì上shàng疏shū言yán:“圣shèng王wáng贵guì以yǐ礼lǐ让ràng为wéi国guó,宜yí优yōu养yǎng玄xuán成chéng,勿wù枉wǎng其qí志zhì,使shǐ得de自zì安ān衡héng门mén之zhī下xià。”而ér丞chéng相xiàng、御yù史shǐ遂suì以yǐ玄xuán成chéng实shí不bù病bìng,劾hé奏zòu之zhī。有yǒu诏zhào勿wù劾hé,引yǐn拜bài。玄xuán成chéng不bù得dé已yǐ受shòu爵jué。宣xuān帝dì高gāo其qí节jié,以yǐ玄xuán成chéng为wéi河hé南nán太tài守shǒu。兄xiōng弘hóng太tài山shān都dū尉wèi,迁qiān东dōng海hǎi太tài守shǒu。 数shù岁suì,玄xuán成chéng征zhēng为wèi未wèi央yāng卫wèi尉wèi,迁qiān太tài常cháng。坐zuò与yǔ故gù平píng通tōng侯hóu杨yáng恽yùn厚hòu善shàn,恽yùn诛zhū,党dǎng友yǒu皆jiē免miǎn官guān。后hòu以yǐ列liè侯hóu侍shì祀sì孝xiào惠huì庙miào,当dāng晨chén入rù庙miào,天tiān雨yǔ淖nào,不bù驾jià驷sì马mǎ车chē而ér骑qí至zhì庙miào下xià。有yǒu司sī劾hé奏zòu,等děng辈bèi数shù人rén皆jiē削xuē爵jué为wèi关guān内nèi侯hóu。玄xuán成chéng自zì伤shāng贬biǎn黜chù父fù爵jué,叹tàn曰yuē:“吾wú何hé面miàn目mù以yǐ奉fèng祭jì祀sì!”作zuò诗shī自zì劾hé责zé,曰yuē: 赫hè矣yǐ我wǒ祖zǔ,侯hóu于yú豕shǐ韦wéi,赐cì命mìng建jiàn伯bó,有yǒu殷yīn以yǐ绥suí。厥jué绩jì既jì昭zhāo,车chē服fú有yǒu常cháng,朝cháo宗zōng商shāng邑yì,四sì牡mǔ翔xiáng翔xiáng,德dé之zhī令lìng显xiǎn,庆qìng流liú于yú裔yì,宗zōng周zhōu至zhì汉hàn,群qún后hòu历lì世shì。 肃sù肃sù楚chǔ傅fù,辅fǔ翼yì元yuán、夷yí,厥jué驷sì有yǒu庸yōng,惟wéi慎shèn惟wéi祗zhī。嗣sì王wáng孔kǒng佚yì,越yuè迁qiān于yú邹zōu,五wǔ世shì圹kuàng僚liáo,至zhì我wǒ节jié侯hóu。 惟wéi我wǒ节jié侯hóu,显xiǎn德dé遐xiá闻wén,左zuǒ右yòu昭zhāo、宣xuān,五wǔ吕lǚ以yǐ训xùn。既jì耇gǒu致zhì位wèi,惟wéi懿yì惟wéi奂huàn,厥jué赐cì祁qí祁qí,百bǎi金jīn洎jì馆guǎn。国guó彼bǐ扶fú阳yáng,在zài京jīng之zhī东dōng,惟wéi帝dì是shì留liú,政zhèng谋móu是shì从cóng。绎yì绎yì六liù辔pèi,是shì列liè是shì理lǐ,威wēi仪yí济jì济jì,朝cháo享xiǎng天tiān子zi。天tiān子zi穆mù穆mù,是shì宗zōng是shì师shī,四sì方fāng遐xiá尔ěr,观guān国guó之zhī辉huī。 茅máo土tǔ之zhī继jì,在zài我wǒ俊jùn兄xiōng,惟wéi我wǒ俊jùn兄xiōng,是shì让ràng是shì形xíng。于yú休xiū厥jué德dé,于yú赫hè有yǒu声shēng,致zhì我wǒ小xiǎo子zi,越yuè留liú于yú京jīng。惟wéi我wǒ小xiǎo子zi,不bù肃sù会huì同tóng,惰duò彼bǐ车chē服fú,黜chù此cǐ附fù庸yōng。 赫hè赫hè显xiǎn爵jué,自zì我wǒ队duì之zhī;微wēi微wēi附fù庸yōng,自zì我wǒ招zhāo之zhī。谁shuí能néng忍rěn愧kuì,寄jì之zhī我wǒ颜yán;谁shuí将jiāng遐xiá征zhēng,从cóng之zhī夷yí蛮mán。于yú赫hè三sān事shì,匪fěi俊jùn匪fěi作zuò,于yú蔑miè小xiǎo子zi,终zhōng焉yān其qí度dù。谁shuí谓wèi华huá高gāo,企qǐ其qí齐qí而ér;谁shuí谓wèi德dé难nán,厉lì其qí庶shù而ér。嗟jiē我wǒ小xiǎo子zi,于yú贰èr其qí尤yóu,队duì彼bǐ令lìng声shēng,申shēn此cǐ择zé辞cí。四sì方fāng群qún后hòu,我wǒ监jiān我wǒ视shì,威wēi仪yí车chē服fú,唯wéi肃sù是shì履lǚ! 初chū,宣xuān帝dì宠chǒng姬jī张zhāng婕jié妤yú男nán淮huái阳yáng宪xiàn王wáng好hǎo政zhèng事shì,通tōng法fǎ律lǜ,上shàng奇qí其qí才cái,有yǒu意yì欲yù以yǐ为wéi嗣sì,然rán用yòng太tài子zi起qǐ于yú细xì微wēi,又yòu早zǎo失shī母mǔ,故gù不bù忍rěn也yě。久jiǔ之zhī,上shàng欲yù感gǎn风fēng宪xiàn王wáng,辅fǔ以yǐ礼lǐ让ràng之zhī臣chén,乃nǎi召zhào拜bài玄xuán成chéng为wéi淮huái阳yáng中zhōng尉wèi。是shì时shí,王wáng未wèi就jiù国guó,玄xuán成chéng受shòu诏zhào,与yǔ太tài子zi太tài傅fù萧xiāo望wàng之zhī及jí《五wǔ经jīng》诸zhū儒rú杂zá论lùn同tóng异yì于yú石shí渠qú阁gé,条tiáo奏zòu其qí对duì。及jí元yuán帝dì即jí位wèi,以yǐ玄xuán成chéng为wéi少shào府fǔ,迁qiān太tài子zi太tài傅fù,至zhì御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。永yǒng光guāng中zhōng,代dài于yú定dìng国guó为wèi丞chéng相xiàng。贬biǎn黜chù十shí年nián之zhī间jiān,遂suì继jì父fù相xiàng位wèi,封fēng侯hóu故gù国guó,荣róng当dāng世shì焉yān。玄xuán成chéng复fù作zuò诗shī,自zì著zhù复fù玷diàn缺quē之zhī艰jiān难nán,因yīn以yǐ戒jiè示shì子zǐ孙sūn,曰yuē: 于yú肃sù君jūn子zǐ,既jì令lìng厥jué德dé,仪yí服fú此cǐ恭gōng,棣dì棣dì其qí则zé。咨zī余yú小xiǎo子zi,既jì德dé靡mí逮dǎi,曾céng是shì车chē服fú,荒huāng嫚mān以yǐ队duì。 明míng明míng天tiān子zi,俊jùn德dé烈liè烈liè,不bù遂suí我wǒ遗yí,恤xù我wǒ九jiǔ列liè。我wǒ既jì兹zī恤xù,惟wéi夙sù惟wéi夜yè,畏wèi忌jì是shì申shēn,供gòng事shì靡mí惰duò。天tiān子zi我wǒ监jiān,登dēng我wǒ三sān事shì,顾gù我wǒ伤shāng队duì,爵jué复fù我wǒ旧jiù。 我wǒ即jí此cǐ登dēng,望wàng我wǒ旧jiù阶jiē,先xiān后hòu兹zī度dù,涟lián涟lián孔kǒng怀huái。司sī直zhí御yù事shì,我wǒ熙xī我wǒ盛shèng;群qún公gōng百bǎi僚liáo,我wǒ嘉jiā我wǒ庆qìng。于yú异yì卿qīng士shì,非fēi同tóng我wǒ心xīn,三sān事shì惟wéi艰jiān,莫mò我wǒ肯kěn矜jīn。赫hè赫hè三sān事shì,力lì虽suī此cǐ毕bì,非fēi我wǒ所suǒ度dù,退tuì其qí罔wǎng日rì。昔xī我wǒ之zhī队duì,畏wèi不bù此cǐ居jū,今jīn我wǒ度dù兹zī,戚qī戚qī其qí惧jù。 嗟jiē我wǒ后hòu人rén,命mìng其qí靡mí常cháng,靖jìng享xiǎng尔ěr位wèi,瞻zhān仰yǎng靡mí荒huāng。慎shèn尔ěr会huì同tóng,戒jiè尔ěr车chē服fú,无wú惰duò尔ěr仪yí,以yǐ保bǎo尔ěr域yù。尔ěr无wú我wǒ视shì,不bù慎shèn不bù整zhěng;我wǒ之zhī此cǐ复fù,惟wéi禄lù之zhī幸xìng。於yú戏xì后hòu人rén,惟wéi肃sù惟wéi栗lì。无wú忝tiǎn显xiǎn祖zǔ,以yǐ蕃fān汉hàn室shì! 玄xuán成chéng为wéi相xiāng七qī年nián,守shǒu正zhèng持chí重zhòng不bù及jí父fù贤xián,而ér文wén采cǎi过guò之zhī。建jiàn昭zhāo三sān年nián薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē共gòng侯hóu。初chū,贤xián以yǐ昭zhāo帝dì时shí徙xǐ平píng陵líng,玄xuán成chéng别bié徙xǐ杜dù陵líng,病bìng且qiě死sǐ,因yīn使shǐ者zhě自zì白bái曰yuē:“不bù胜shèng父fù子zǐ恩ēn,愿yuàn乞qǐ骸hái骨gǔ,归guī葬zàng父fù墓mù。”上shàng许xǔ焉yān。 子zi顷qǐng侯hóu宽kuān嗣sì。薨hōng,子zi僖xī侯hóu育yù嗣sì。薨hōng,子zi节jié侯hóu沉chén嗣sì。自zì贤xián传chuán国guó至zhì玄xuán孙sūn乃nǎi绝jué。玄xuán成chéng兄xiōng高gāo寝qǐn令lìng方fāng山shān子zi安ān世shì历lì郡jùn守shǒu、大dà鸿hóng胪lú、长cháng乐lè卫wèi尉wèi,朝cháo廷tíng称chēng有yǒu宰zǎi相xiàng之zhī器qì,会huì其qí病bìng终zhōng。而ér东dōng海hǎi太tài守shǒu弘hóng子zi赏shǎng亦yì明míng《诗shī》。哀āi帝dì为wèi定dìng陶táo王wáng时shí,赏shǎng为wèi太tài傅fù。哀āi帝dì即jí位wèi,赏shǎng以yǐ旧jiù恩ēn为wèi大dà司sī马mǎ车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn,列liè为wèi三sān公gōng,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,食shí邑yì千qiān户hù,亦yì年nián八bā十shí余yú,以yǐ寿shòu终zhōng。宗zōng族zú至zhì吏lì二èr千qiān石shí者zhě十shí余yú人rén。 初chū,高gāo祖zǔ时shí,令lìng诸zhū侯hóu王wáng都dōu皆jiē立lì太tài上shàng皇huáng庙miào。至zhì惠huì帝dì尊zūn高gāo帝dì庙miào为wèi太tài祖zǔ庙miào,景jǐng帝dì尊zūn孝xiào文wén庙miào为wèi太tài宗zōng庙miào,行xíng所suǒ尝cháng幸xìng郡jùn国guó各gè立lì太tài祖zǔ、太tài宗zōng庙miào。至zhì宣xuān帝dì本běn始shǐ二èr年nián,复fù尊zūn孝xiào武wǔ庙miào为wèi世shì宗zōng庙miào,行xíng所suǒ巡xún狩shòu亦yì立lì焉yān。凡fán祖zǔ宗zōng庙miào在zài郡jùn国guó六liù十shí八bā,合hé百bǎi六liù十shí七qī所suǒ。而ér京jīng师shī自zì高gāo祖zǔ下xià至zhì宣xuān帝dì,与yǔ太tài上shàng皇huáng、悼dào皇huáng考kǎo各gè自zì居jū陵líng旁páng立lì庙miào,并bìng为wèi百bǎi七qī十shí六liù。又yòu园yuán中zhōng各gè有yǒu寝qǐn、便biàn殿diàn,日rì祭jì于yú寝qǐn,月yuè祭jì于yú庙miào,时shí祭jì于yú便biàn殿diàn。寝qǐn,日rì四sì上shàng食shí;庙miào,岁suì二èr十shí五wǔ祠cí;便biàn殿diàn,岁suì四sì祠cí。又yòu有yǒu一yī游yóu衣yī冠guān。而ér昭zhāo灵líng后hòu、武wǔ哀āi王wáng、昭zhāo哀āi后hòu、孝xiào文wén太tài后hòu、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu、卫wèi思sī后hòu、戾lì太tài子zi、戾lì后hòu各gè有yǒu寝qǐn园yuán,与yǔ诸zhū帝dì合hé,凡fán三sān十shí所suǒ。一yī岁suì祠cí,上shàng食shí二èr万wàn四sì千qiān四sì百bǎi五wǔ十shí五wǔ,用yòng卫wèi士shì四sì万wàn五wǔ千qiān一yì百bǎi二èr十shí九jiǔ人rén,祝zhù宰zǎi乐lè人rén万wàn二èr千qiān一yì百bǎi四sì十shí七qī人rén,养yǎng牺xī牲shēng卒zú不bù在zài数shù中zhōng。 至zhì元yuán帝dì时shí,贡gòng禹yǔ奏zòu言yán:“古gǔ者zhě天tiān子zi七qī庙miào,今jīn孝xiào惠huì、孝xiào景jǐng庙miào皆jiē亲qīn尽jǐn,宜yí毁huǐ。及jí郡jùn国guó庙miào不bù应yīng古gǔ礼lǐ,宜yí正zhèng定dìng。”天tiān子zi是shì其qí议yì,未wèi及jí施shī行xíng而ér禹yǔ卒zú。光guāng永yǒng四sì年nián,乃nǎi下xià诏zhào先xiān议yì罢bà郡jùn国guó庙miào,曰yuē:“朕zhèn闻wén明míng王wáng之zhī御yù世shì也yě,遭zāo时shí为wèi法fǎ,因yīn事shì制zhì宜yí。往wǎng者zhě天tiān下xià初chū定dìng,远yuǎn方fāng未wèi宾bīn,因yīn尝cháng所suǒ亲qīn以yǐ立lì宗zōng庙miào,盖gài建jiàn威wēi销xiāo萌méng,一yī民mín之zhī至zhì权quán也yě。今jīn赖lài天tiān地dì之zhī灵líng,宗zōng庙miào之zhī福fú,四sì方fāng同tóng轨guǐ,蛮mán貊mò贡gòng职zhí,久jiǔ遵zūn而ér不bù定dìng,令lìng疏shū远yuǎn卑bēi贱jiàn共gòng承chéng尊zūn祀sì,殆dài非fēi皇huáng天tiān祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī意yì,朕zhèn甚shèn惧jù焉yān。传chuán不bù云yún乎hū?‘吾wú不bù与yǔ祭jì,如rú不bù祭jì。’其qí与yǔ将jiāng军jūn、列liè侯hóu、中zhōng二èr千qiān石shí、二èr千qiān石shí、诸zhū大dà夫fū、博bó士shì、议yì郎láng议yì。”丞chéng相xiàng玄xuán成chéng、御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū郑zhèng弘hóng、太tài子zi太tài傅fù严yán彭péng祖zǔ、少shào府fǔ欧ōu阳yáng地dì馀yú、谏jiàn大dà夫fū尹yǐn更gēng始shǐ等děng七qī十shí人rén皆jiē曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén祭jì,非fēi自zì外wài至zhì者zhě也yě,繇yáo中zhōng出chū,生shēng于yú心xīn也yě。故gù唯wéi圣shèng人rén为wéi能néng飨xiǎng帝dì,孝xiào子zi为wèi能néng飨xiǎng亲qīn。立lì庙miào京jīng师shī之zhī居jū,躬gōng亲qīn承chéng事shì,四sì海hǎi之zhī内nèi各gè以yǐ其qí职zhí来lái助zhù祭jì,尊zūn亲qīn之zhī大dà义yì,五wǔ帝dì、三sān王wáng所suǒ共gòng,不bù易yì之zhī道dào也yě。《诗shī》云yún:‘有yǒu来lái雍yōng雍yōng,至zhì止zhǐ肃sù肃sù,相xiāng维wéi辟pì公gōng,天tiān子zi穆mù穆mù。’《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī义yì,父fù不bù祭jì于yú支zhī庶shù之zhī宅zhái,君jūn不bù祭jì于yú臣chén仆pú之zhī家jiā,王wáng不bù祭jì于yú下xià土tǔ诸zhū侯hóu。臣chén等děng愚yú以yǐ为wéi宗zōng庙miào在zài郡jùn国guó,宜yí无wú修xiū,臣chén请qǐng勿wù复fù修xiū。”奏zòu可kě。因yīn罢bà昭zhāo灵líng后hòu、武wǔ哀āi王wáng、昭zhāo哀āi后hòu、卫wèi思sī后hòu、戾lì太tài子zi、戾lì后hòu园yuán,皆jiē不bù奉fèng祠cí,裁cái置zhì吏lì卒zú守shǒu焉yān。 罢bà郡jùn国guó庙miào后hòu月yuè余yú,复fù下xià诏zhào曰yuē:“盖gài闻wén明míng王wáng制zhì礼lǐ,立lì亲qīn庙miào四sì,祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī庙miào,万wàn世shì不bù毁huǐ,所suǒ以yǐ明míng尊zūn祖zǔ敬jìng宗zōng,著zhù亲qīn亲qīn也yě。朕zhèn获huò承chéng祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī重zhòng,惟wéi大dà礼lǐ未wèi备bèi,战zhàn栗lì恐kǒng惧jù,不bù敢gǎn自zì颛zhuān,其qí与yǔ将jiāng军jūn、列liè侯hóu、中zhōng二èr千qiān石shí、二èr千qiān石shí、诸zhū大dà夫fū、博bó士shì议yì。”玄xuán成chéng等děng四sì十shí四sì人rén奏zòu议yì曰yuē:“《礼lǐ》,王wáng者zhě始shǐ受shòu命mìng,诸zhū侯hóu始shǐ封fēng之zhī君jūn,皆jiē为wèi太tài祖zǔ。以yǐ下xià,五wǔ庙miào而ér迭dié毁huǐ,毁huǐ庙miào之zhī主zhǔ臧zāng乎hū太tài祖zǔ,五wǔ年nián而ér再zài殷yīn祭jì,言yán一yī禘dì祫xiá也yě。祫xiá祭jì者zhě,毁huǐ庙miào与yǔ未wèi毁huǐ庙miào之zhī主zhǔ皆jiē合hé食shí于yú太tài祖zǔ,父fù为wèi昭zhāo,子zi为wèi穆mù,孙sūn复fù为wèi昭zhāo,古gǔ之zhī正zhèng礼lǐ也yě。《祭jì义yì》曰yuē:‘王wáng者zhě禘dì其qí祖zǔ自zì出chū,以yǐ其qí祖zǔ配pèi之zhī,而ér立lì四sì庙miào。’言yán始shǐ受shòu命mìng而ér王wáng,祭jì天tiān以yǐ其qí祖zǔ配pèi,而ér不bù为wèi立lì庙miào,亲qīn尽jǐn也yě。立lì亲qīn庙miào四sì,亲qīn亲qīn也yě。亲qīn尽jǐn而ér迭dié毁huǐ,亲qīn疏shū之zhī杀shā,示shì有yǒu终zhōng也yě。周zhōu之zhī所suǒ以yǐ七qī庙miào者zhě,以yǐ后hòu稷jì始shǐ封fēng,文wén王wáng、武wǔ王wáng受shòu命mìng而ér王wáng,是shì以yǐ三sān庙miào不bù毁huǐ,与yǔ亲qīn庙miào四sì而ér七qī。非fēi有yǒu后hòu稷jì始shǐ封fēng,文wén、武wǔ受shòu命mìng之zhī功gōng者zhě,皆jiē当dāng亲qīn尽jǐn而ér毁huǐ。成chéng王wáng成chéng二èr圣shèng之zhī业yè,制zhì礼lǐ作zuò乐lè,功gōng德dé茂mào盛shèng,庙miào犹yóu不bù世shì,以yǐ行xíng为wéi谥shì而ér已yǐ。《礼lǐ》,庙miào在zài大dà门mén之zhī内nèi,不bù敢gǎn远yuǎn亲qīn也yě。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi高gāo帝dì受shòu命mìng定dìng天tiān下xià,宜yí为wèi帝dì者zhě太tài祖zǔ之zhī庙miào,世shì世shì不bù毁huǐ,承chéng后hòu属shǔ尽jǐn者zhě宜yí毁huǐ。今jīn宗zōng庙miào异yì处chù,昭zhāo穆mù不bù序xù,宜yí入rù就jiù太tài祖zǔ庙miào而ér序xù昭zhāo穆mù如rú礼lǐ。太tài上shàng皇huáng、孝xiào惠huì、孝xiào文wén、孝xiào景jǐng庙miào皆jiē亲qīn尽jǐn宜yí毁huǐ,皇huáng考kǎo庙miào亲qīn未wèi尽jǐn,如rú故gù。”大dà司sī马mǎ车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn许xǔ嘉jiā等děng二èr十shí九jiǔ人rén以yǐ为wéi,孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì除chú诽fěi谤bàng,去qù肉ròu刑xíng,躬gōng节jié俭jiǎn,不bù受shòu献xiàn,罪zuì人rén不bù帑tǎng,不bù私sī其qí利lì,出chū美měi人rén,重zhòng绝jué人rén类lèi,宾bīn赐cì长zhǎng老lǎo,收shōu恤xù孤gū独dú,德dé厚hòu侔móu天tiān地dì,利lì泽zé施shī四sì海hǎi,宜yí为wèi帝dì者zhě太tài宗zōng之zhī庙miào。廷tíng尉wèi忠zhōng以yǐ为wéi,孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,攘rǎng四sì夷yí,宜yí为wèi世shì宗zōng之zhī庙miào。谏jiàn大dà夫fū尹yǐn更gēng始shǐ等děng十shí八bā人rén以yǐ为wéi,皇huáng考kǎo庙miào上shàng序xù于yú昭zhāo穆mù,非fēi正zhèng礼lǐ,宜yí毁huǐ。 于yú是shì上shàng重zhòng其qí事shì,依yī违wéi者zhě一yī年nián,乃nǎi下xià诏zhào曰yuē:“盖gài闻wén王wáng者zhě祖zǔ有yǒu功gōng而ér宗zōng有yǒu德dé,尊zūn尊zūn之zhī大dà义yì也yě;存cún亲qīn庙miào四sì,亲qīn亲qīn之zhī至zhì恩ēn也yě。高gāo皇huáng帝dì为wèi天tiān下xià诛zhū暴bào除chú乱luàn,受shòu命mìng而ér帝dì,功gōng莫mò大dà焉yān。孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì国guó为wèi代dài王wáng,诸zhū吕lǚ作zuò乱luàn,海hǎi内nèi摇yáo动dòng,然rán群qún臣chén黎lí庶shù靡mí不bù一yī意yì,北běi面miàn而ér归guī心xīn,犹yóu谦qiān辞cí固gù让ràng而ér后hòu即jí位wèi,削xuē乱luàn秦qín之zhī迹jì,兴xīng三sān代dài之zhī风fēng,是shì以yǐ百bǎi姓xìng晏yàn然rán,咸xián获huò嘉jiā福fú,德dé莫mò盛shèng焉yān。高gāo皇huáng帝dì为wèi汉hàn太tài祖zǔ,孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì为wèi太tài宗zōng,世shì世shì承chéng祀sì,传chuán之zhī无wú穷qióng,朕zhèn甚shèn乐lè之zhī。孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì为wèi孝xiào昭zhāo皇huáng帝dì后hòu,于yú义yì一yī体tǐ。孝xiào景jǐng皇huáng帝dì庙miào及jí皇huáng考kǎo庙miào皆jiē亲qīn尽jǐn,其qí正zhèng礼lǐ仪yí。”玄xuán成chéng等děng奏zòu曰yuē:“祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī庙miào世shì世shì不bù毁huǐ,继jì祖zǔ以yǐ下xià,五wǔ庙miào而ér迭dié毁huǐ。今jīn高gāo皇huáng帝dì为wèi太tài祖zǔ,孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì为wèi太tài宗zōng,孝xiào景jǐng皇huáng帝dì为wèi昭zhāo,孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì为wèi穆mù,孝xiào昭zhāo皇huáng帝dì与yǔ孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì俱jù为wèi昭zhāo。皇huáng考kǎo庙miào亲qīn未wèi尽jǐn。太tài上shàng、孝xiào惠huì庙miào皆jiē亲qīn尽jǐn,宜yí毁huǐ。太tài上shàng庙miào主zhǔ宜yí瘗yì园yuán,孝xiào惠huì皇huáng帝dì为wèi穆mù,主zhǔ迁qiān于yú太tài祖zǔ庙miào,寝qǐn园yuán皆jiē无wú复fù修xiū。”奏zòu可kě。 议yì者zhě又yòu以yǐ为wéi《清qīng庙miào》之zhī诗shī言yán交jiāo神shén之zhī礼lǐ无wú不bù清qīng静jìng,今jīn衣yī冠guān出chū游yóu,有yǒu车chē骑qí之zhī众zhòng,风fēng雨yǔ之zhī气qì,非fēi所suǒ谓wèi清qīng静jìng也yě。“祭jì不bù欲yù数shù,数shù则zé渎dú,渎dú则zé不bù敬jìng。”宜yí复fù古gǔ礼lǐ,四sì时shí祭jì于yú庙miào,诸zhū寝qǐn园yuán日rì月yuè间jiān祀sì皆jiē可kě勿wù复fù修xiū。上shàng亦yì不bù改gǎi也yě。明míng年nián,玄xuán成chéng复fù言yán:“古gǔ者zhě制zhì礼lǐ,别bié尊zūn卑bēi贵guì贱jiàn,国guó君jūn之zhī母mǔ非fēi適shì不bù得dé配pèi食shí,则zé荐jiàn于yú寝qǐn,身shēn没méi而ér已yǐ。陛bì下xià躬gōng至zhì孝xiào,承chéng天tiān心xīn,建jiàn祖zǔ宗zōng,定dìng迭dié毁huǐ,序xù昭zhāo穆mù,大dà礼lǐ既jì定dìng,孝xiào文wén太tài后hòu、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu寝qǐn祠cí园yuán宜yí如rú礼lǐ勿wù复fù修xiū。”奏zòu可kě。 后hòu岁suì余yú,玄xuán成chéng薨hōng,匡kuāng衡héng为wèi丞chéng相xiàng。上shàng寝qǐn疾jí,梦mèng祖zǔ宗zōng谴qiǎn罢bà郡jùn国guó庙miào,上shàng少shǎo弟dì楚chǔ孝xiào王wáng亦yì梦mèng焉yān。上shàng诏zhào问wèn衡héng,议yì欲yù复fù之zhī,衡héng深shēn言yán不bù可kě。上shàng疾jí久jiǔ不bù平píng。衡héng惶huáng恐kǒng,祷dǎo高gāo祖zǔ、孝xiào文wén、孝xiào武wǔ庙miào曰yuē:“嗣sì曾zēng孙sūn皇huáng帝dì恭gōng承chéng洪hóng业yè,夙sù夜yè不bù敢gǎn康kāng宁níng,思sī育yù休xiū烈liè,以yǐ章zhāng祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī盛shèng功gōng。故gù动dòng作zuò接jiē神shén,必bì因yīn古gǔ圣shèng之zhī经jīng。往wǎng者zhě有yǒu司sī以yǐ为wéi前qián因yīn所suǒ幸xìng而ér立lì庙miào,将jiāng以yǐ系xì海hǎi内nèi之zhī心xīn,非fēi为wèi尊zūn祖zǔ严yán亲qīn也yě。今jīn赖lài宗zōng庙miào之zhī灵líng,六liù合hé之zhī内nèi莫mò不bù附fù亲qīn,庙miào宜yí一yī居jū京jīng师shī,天tiān子zi亲qīn奉fèng,郡jùn国guó庙miào可kě止zhǐ毋wú修xiū。皇huáng帝dì祗zhī肃sù旧jiù礼lǐ,尊zūn重zhòng神shén明míng,即jí告gào于yú祖zǔ宗zōng而ér不bù敢gǎn失shī。今jīn皇huáng帝dì有yǒu疾jí不bù豫yù,乃nǎi梦mèng祖zǔ宗zōng见jiàn戒jiè以yǐ庙miào,楚chǔ王wáng梦mèng亦yì有yǒu其qí序xù。皇huáng帝dì悼dào惧jù。即jí诏zhào臣chén衡héng复fù修xiū立lì。谨jǐn案àn上shàng世shì帝dì王wáng承chéng祖zǔ祢mí之zhī大dà礼lǐ,皆jiē不bù敢gǎn不bù自zì亲qīn。郡jùn国guó吏lì卑bēi贱jiàn,不bù可kě使shǐ独dú承chéng。又yòu祭jì祀sì之zhī义yì以yǐ民mín为wèi本běn,间jiān者zhě岁suì数shù不bù登dēng,百bǎi姓xìng困kùn乏fá,郡jùn国guó庙miào无wú以yǐ修xiū立lì。《礼lǐ》,凶xiōng年nián则zé岁suì事shì不bù举jǔ,以yǐ祖zǔ祢mí之zhī意yì为wèi不bù乐lè,是shì以yǐ不bù敢gǎn复fù。如rú诚chéng非fēi礼lǐ义yì之zhī中zhōng,违wéi祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī心xīn,咎jiù尽jǐn在zài臣chén衡héng,当dāng受shòu其qí殃yāng,大dà被bèi其qí疾jí,队duì在zài沟gōu渎dú之zhī中zhōng。皇huáng帝dì至zhì孝xiào肃sù慎shèn,宜yí蒙méng祐yòu福fú。唯wéi高gāo皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì省xǐng察chá,右yòu飨xiǎng皇huáng帝dì之zhī孝xiào,开kāi赐cì皇huáng帝dì眉méi寿shòu亡wáng疆jiāng,令lìng所suǒ疾jí日rì瘳chōu,平píng复fù反fǎn常cháng,永yǒng保bǎo宗zōng庙miào,天tiān下xià幸xìng甚shèn!” 又yòu告gào谢xiè毁huǐ庙miào曰yuē:“往wǎng者zhě大dà臣chén以yǐ为wéi,在zài昔xī帝dì王wáng承chéng祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī休xiū典diǎn,取qǔ象xiàng于yú天tiān地dì,天tiān序xù五wǔ行xíng,人rén亲qīn五wǔ属shǔ,天tiān子zi奉fèng天tiān,故gù率lǜ其qí意yì而ér尊zūn其qí制zhì。是shì以yǐ禘dì尝cháng之zhī序xù,靡mí有yǒu过guò五wǔ。受shòu命mìng之zhī君jūn躬gōng接jiē于yú天tiān,万wàn世shì不bù堕duò。继jì烈liè以yǐ下xià,五wǔ庙miào而ér迁qiān,上shàng陈chén太tài祖zǔ,间jiān岁suì而ér祫xiá,其qí道dào应yīng天tiān,故gù福fú禄lù永yǒng终zhōng。太tài上shàng皇huáng非fēi受shòu命mìng而ér属shǔ尽jǐn,义yì则zé当dāng迁qiān。又yòu以yǐ为wéi孝xiào莫mò大dà于yú严yán父fù,故gù父fù之zhī所suǒ尊zūn子zi不bù敢gǎn不bù承chéng,父fù之zhī所suǒ异yì子zi不bù敢gǎn同tóng。礼lǐ,公gōng子zi不bù得dé为wèi母mǔ信xìn,为wèi后hòu则zé于yú子zi祭jì,于yú孙sūn止zhǐ,尊zūn祖zǔ严yán父fù之zhī义yì也yě。寝qǐn日rì四sì上shàng食shí,园yuán庙miào间jiān祠cí,皆jiē可kě亡wáng修xiū。皇huáng帝dì思sī慕mù悼dào惧jù,未wèi敢gǎn尽jǐn从cóng。惟wéi念niàn高gāo皇huáng帝dì圣shèng德dé茂mào盛shèng,受shòu命mìng溥pǔ将jiāng,钦qīn若ruò稽jī古gǔ,承chéng顺shùn天tiān心xīn,子zǐ孙sūn本běn支zhī,陈chén锡xī亡wáng疆jiāng。诚chéng以yǐ为wéi迁qiān庙miào合hé祭jì,久jiǔ长cháng之zhī策cè,高gāo皇huáng帝dì之zhī意yì,乃nǎi敢gǎn不bù听tīng?即jí以yǐ令lìng日rì迁qiān太tài上shàng、孝xiào惠huì庙miào,孝xiào文wén太tài后hòu、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu寝qǐn,将jiāng以yǐ昭zhāo祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī德dé,顺shùn天tiān人rén之zhī序xù,定dìng无wú穷qióng之zhī业yè。今jīn皇huáng帝dì未wèi受shòu兹zī福fú,乃nǎi有yǒu不bù能néng共gòng职zhí之zhī疾jí。皇huáng帝dì愿yuàn复fù修xiū承chéng祀sì,臣chén衡héng等děng咸xián以yǐ为wéi礼lǐ不bù得dé。如rú不bù合hé高gāo皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào惠huì皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào昭zhāo皇huáng帝dì、孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì、太tài上shàng皇huáng、孝xiào文wén太tài后hòu、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu之zhī意yì,罪zuì尽jǐn在zài臣chén衡héng等děng,当dāng受shòu其qí咎jiù。今jīn皇huáng帝dì尚shàng未wèi平píng,诏zhào中zhōng朝cháo臣chén具jù复fù毁huǐ庙miào之zhī文wén。臣chén衡héng中zhōng朝cháo臣chén咸xián复fù以yǐ为wéi天tiān子zi之zhī祀sì义yì有yǒu所suǒ断duàn,礼lǐ有yǒu所suǒ承chéng,违wéi统tǒng背bèi制zhì,不bù可kě以yǐ奉fèng先xiān祖zǔ,皇huáng天tiān不bù祐yòu,鬼guǐ神shén不bù飨xiǎng。《六liù艺yì》所suǒ载zài皆jiē言yán不bù当dàng,无wú所suǒ依yī缘yuán以yǐ作zuò其qí文wén。事shì如rú失shī指zhǐ,罪zuì乃nǎi在zài臣chén衡héng,当dāng深shēn受shòu其qí殃yāng。皇huáng帝dì宜yí厚hòu蒙méng祉zhǐ福fú,嘉jiā气qì日rì兴xīng,疾jí病bìng平píng复fù,永yǒng保bǎo宗zōng庙miào,与yǔ天tiān亡wáng极jí,群qún生shēng百bǎi神shén,有yǒu所suǒ归guī息xī。”诸zhū庙miào皆jiē同tóng文wén。 久jiǔ之zhī,上shàng疾jí连lián年nián,遂suì尽jǐn复fù诸zhū所suǒ罢bà寝qǐn庙miào园yuán,皆jiē修xiū祀sì如rú故gù,初chū,上shàng定dìng迭dié毁huǐ礼lǐ,独dú尊zūn孝xiào文wén庙miào为wèi太tài宗zōng,而ér孝xiào武wǔ庙miào亲qīn未wèi尽jǐn,故gù未wèi毁huǐ。上shàng于yú是shì乃nǎi复fù申shēn明míng之zhī,曰yuē:“孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì尊zūn孝xiào武wǔ庙miào曰yuē世shì宗zōng,损sǔn益yì之zhī礼lǐ,不bù敢gǎn有yǒu与yǔ焉yān。他tā皆jiē如rú旧jiù制zhì。”唯wéi郡jùn国guó庙miào遂suì废fèi云yún。 元yuán帝dì崩bēng,衡héng奏zòu言yán:“前qián以yǐ上shàng体tǐ不bù平píng,故gù复fù诸zhū所suǒ罢bà祠cí,卒zú不bù蒙méng福fú。案àn卫wèi思sī后hòu、戾lì太tài子zi、戾lì后hòu园yuán,亲qīn未wèi尽jǐn。孝xiào惠huì、孝xiào景jǐng庙miào亲qīn尽jǐn,宜yí毁huǐ。及jí太tài上shàng皇huáng、孝xiào文wén、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu、昭zhāo灵líng后hòu、昭zhāo哀āi后hòu、武wǔ哀āi王wáng祠cí,请qǐng悉xī罢bà,勿wù奉fèng。”奏zòu可kě。初chū,高gāo后hòu时shí患huàn臣chén下xià妄wàng非fēi议yì先xiān帝dì宗zōng庙miào寝qǐn园yuán官guān,故gù定dìng著zhù令lìng,敢gǎn有yǒu擅shàn议yì者zhě弃qì市shì。至zhì元yuán帝dì改gǎi制zhì,蠲juān除chú此cǐ令lìng。成chéng帝dì时shí以yǐ无wú继jì嗣sì,河hé平píng元yuán年nián复fù复fù太tài上shàng皇huáng寝qǐn庙miào园yuán,世shì世shì奉fèng祠cí。昭zhāo灵líng后hòu、武wǔ哀āi王wáng、昭zhāo哀āi后hòu并bìng食shí于yú太tài上shàng寝qǐn庙miào如rú故gù,又yòu复fù擅shàn议yì宗zōng庙miào之zhī命mìng。 成chéng帝dì崩bēng,哀āi帝dì即jí位wèi。丞chéng相xiàng孔kǒng光guāng、大dà司sī空kōng何hé武wǔ奏zòu言yán:“永yǒng光guāng五wǔ年nián制zhì书shū,高gāo皇huáng帝dì为wèi汉hàn太tài祖zǔ,孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì为wèi太tài宗zōng。建jiàn昭zhāo五wǔ年nián制zhì书shū,孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì为wèi世shì宗zōng。损sǔn益yì之zhī礼lǐ,不bù敢gǎn有yǒu与yǔ。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi迭dié毁huǐ之zhī次cì,当dāng以yǐ时shí定dìng,非fēi令lìng所suǒ为wèi擅shàn议yì宗zōng庙miào之zhī意yì也yě。臣chén请qǐng与yǔ群qún臣chén杂zá议yì。”奏zòu可kě。于yú是shì,光guāng禄lù勋xūn彭péng宣xuān、詹zhān事shì满mǎn昌chāng、博bó士shì左zuǒ咸xián等děng五wǔ十shí三sān人rén皆jiē以yǐ为wéi继jì祖zǔ宗zōng以yǐ下xià,五wǔ庙miào而ér迭dié毁huǐ,后hòu虽suī有yǒu贤xián君jūn,犹yóu不bù得dé与yǔ祖zǔ宗zōng并bìng列liè。子zǐ孙sūn虽suī欲yù褒bāo大dà显xiǎn扬yáng而ér立lì之zhī,鬼guǐ神shén不bù飨xiǎng也yě。孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì虽suī有yǒu功gōng烈liè,亲qīn尽jǐn宜yí殿diàn。 太tài仆pū王wáng舜shùn、中zhōng垒lěi校xiào尉wèi刘liú歆xīn议yì曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén周zhōu室shì既jì衰shuāi,四sì夷yí并bìng侵qīn,猃xiǎn狁yǔn最zuì强qiáng,于yú今jīn匈xiōng奴nú是shì也yě。至zhì宣xuān王wáng而ér伐fá之zhī,诗shī人rén美měi而ér颂sòng之zhī曰yuē“薄báo伐fá猃xiǎn狁yǔn,至zhì于yú太tài原yuán”,又yòu曰yuē“啴chǎn々推tuī推tuī,如rú霆tíng如rú雷léi,显xiǎn允yǔn方fāng叔shū,征zhēng伐fá猃xiǎn狁yǔn,荆jīng蛮mán来lái威wēi”,故gù称chēng中zhōng兴xīng。及jí至zhì幽yōu王wáng,犬quǎn戎róng来lái伐fá,杀shā幽yōu王wáng,取qǔ宗zōng器qì。自zì是shì之zhī后hòu,南nán夷yí与yǔ北běi夷yí交jiāo侵qīn,中zhōng国guó不bù绝jué如rú线xiàn。《春chūn秋qiū》纪jì齐qí桓huán南nán伐fá楚chǔ,北běi伐fá山shān戎róng,孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“微wēi管guǎn仲zhòng,吾wú其qí被pī发fà左zuǒ衽rèn矣yǐ。”是shì故gù弃qì桓huán之zhī过guò而ér录lù其qí功gōng,以yǐ为wéi伯bó首shǒu。及jí汉hàn兴xīng,冒mò顿dú始shǐ强qiáng,破pò东dōng胡hú,禽qín月yuè氏zhī,并bìng其qí土tǔ地dì,地dì广guǎng兵bīng强qiáng,为wèi中zhōng国guó害hài。南nán越yuè尉wèi佗tuó总zǒng百bǎi粤yuè,自zì称chēng帝dì。故gù中zhōng国guó虽suī平píng,犹yóu有yǒu四sì夷yí之zhī患huàn,且qiě无wú宁nìng岁suì。一yī方fāng有yǒu急jí,三sān面miàn救jiù之zhī,是shì天tiān下xià皆jiē动dòng而ér被bèi其qí害hài也yě。孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì厚hòu以yǐ货huò赂lù,与yǔ结jié和hé亲qīn,犹yóu侵qīn暴bào无wú已yǐ。甚shèn者zhě,兴xīng师shī十shí余yú万wàn众zhòng,近jìn屯tún京jīng师shī及jí四sì边biān,岁suì发fā屯tún备bèi虏lǔ,其qí为wéi患huàn久jiǔ矣yǐ,非fēi一yī世shì之zhī渐jiàn也yě。诸zhū侯hóu郡jùn守shǒu连lián匈xiōng奴nú及jí百bǎi粤yuè以yǐ为wéi逆nì者zhě非fēi一yī人rén也yě。匈xiōng奴nú所suǒ杀shā郡jùn守shǒu、都dū尉wèi,略lüè取qǔ人rén民mín,不bù可kě胜shèng数shǔ。孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì愍mǐn中zhōng国guó罢bà劳láo无wú安ān宁níng之zhī时shí,乃nǎi遣qiǎn大dà将jiāng军jūn、骠piào骑qí、伏fú波bō、楼lóu船chuán之zhī属shǔ,南nán灭miè百bǎi粤yuè,起qǐ七qī郡jùn;北běi攘rǎng匈xiōng奴nú,降jiàng昆kūn邪xié十shí万wàn之zhī众zhòng,置zhì五wǔ属shǔ国guó,起qǐ朔shuò方fāng,以yǐ夺duó其qí肥féi饶ráo之zhī地dì;东dōng伐fá朝cháo鲜xiān,起qǐ玄xuán菟tú、乐lè浪làng,以yǐ断duàn匈xiōng奴nú之zhī左zuǒ臂bì;西xī伐fá大dà宛wǎn,并bìng三sān十shí六liù国guó,结jié乌wū孙sūn,起qǐ敦dūn煌huáng、酒jiǔ泉quán、张zhāng掖yē,以yǐ隔gé婼chuò羌qiāng,裂liè匈xiōng奴nú之zhī右yòu肩jiān。单chán于yú孤gū特tè,远yuǎn遁dùn于yú幕mù北běi。四sì垂chuí无wú事shì,斥chì地dì远yuǎn境jìng,起qǐ十shí余yú郡jùn。功gōng业yè既jì定dìng,乃nǎi封fēng丞chéng相xiàng为wèi富fù民mín侯hóu,以yǐ大dà安ān天tiān下xià,富fù实shí百bǎi姓xìng,其qí规guī 可kě见jiàn。又yòu招zhāo集jí天tiān下xià贤xián俊jùn,与yǔ协xié心xīn同tóng谋móu,兴xīng制zhì度dù,改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,立lì天tiān下xià之zhī祠cí,建jiàn封fēng禅shàn,殊shū官guān号hào,存cún周zhōu后hòu,定dìng诸zhū侯hóu之zhī制zhì,永yǒng无wú逆nì争zhēng之zhī心xīn,至zhì今jīn累lèi世shì赖lài之zhī。单chán于yú守shǒu籓fān,百bǎi蛮mán服fú从cóng,万wàn世shì之zhī基jī也yě,中zhōng兴xīng之zhī功gōng未wèi有yǒu高gāo焉yān者zhě也yě。高gāo帝dì建jiàn大dà业yè,为wèi太tài祖zǔ;孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì德dé至zhì厚hòu也yě,为wèi文wén太tài宗zōng;孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì功gōng至zhì著zhù也yě,为wèi武wǔ世shì宗zōng,此cǐ孝xiào宣xuān帝dì所suǒ以yǐ发fā德dé音yīn也yě。 《礼lǐ记jì·王wáng制zhì》及jí《春chūn秋qiū穀gǔ梁liáng传chuán》,天tiān子zi七qī庙miào,诸zhū侯hóu五wǔ,大dà夫fū三sān,士shì二èr。天tiān子zi七qī日rì而ér殡bìn,七qī月yuè而ér葬zàng;诸zhū侯hóu五wǔ日rì而ér殡bìn,五wǔ月yuè而ér葬zàng。此cǐ丧sāng事shì尊zūn卑bēi之zhī序xù也yě,与yǔ庙miào数shù相xiāng应yìng。其qí文wén曰yuē:“天tiān子zi三sān昭zhāo三sān穆mù,与yǔ太tài祖zǔ之zhī庙miào而ér七qī;诸zhū侯hóu二èr昭zhāo二èr穆mù,与yǔ太tài祖zǔ之zhī庙miào而ér五wǔ。”故gù德dé厚hòu者zhě流liú光guāng,德dé薄báo者zhě流liú卑bēi。《春chūn秋qiū左zuǒ氏shì传chuán》曰yuē:“名míng位wèi不bù同tóng,礼lǐ亦yì异yì数shù。”自zì上shàng以yǐ下xià,降jiàng杀shā以yǐ两liǎng,礼lǐ也yě。七qī者zhě,其qí正zhèng法fǎ数shù,可kě常cháng数shù者zhě也yě。宗zōng不bù在zài此cǐ数shù中zhōng。宗zōng,变biàn也yě,苟gǒu有yǒu功gōng德dé则zé宗zōng之zhī,不bù可kě预yù为wèi设shè数shù。故gù于yú殷yīn,太tài甲jiǎ为wèi太tài宗zōng,大dà戊wù曰yuē中zhōng宗zōng,武wǔ丁dīng曰yuē高gāo宗zōng。周zhōu公gōng为wèi《毋wú逸yì》之zhī戒jiè,举jǔ殷yīn三sān宗zōng以yǐ劝quàn成chéng王wáng。繇yáo是shì言yán之zhī,宗zōng无wú数shù也yě,然rán则zé所suǒ以yǐ劝quàn帝dì者zhě之zhī功gōng德dé博bó矣yǐ。以yǐ七qī庙miào言yán之zhī,孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì未wèi宜yí殿diàn;以yǐ所suǒ宗zōng言yán之zhī,则zé不bù可kě谓wèi无wú功gōng德dé。《礼lǐ记jì》祀sì典diǎn曰yuē:“夫fū圣shèng王wáng之zhī制zhì祀sì也yě,功gōng施shī于yú民mín则zé祀sì之zhī,以yǐ劳láo定dìng国guó则zé祀sì之zhī,能néng救jiù大dà灾zāi则zé祀sì之zhī。”窃qiè观guān孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì,功gōng德dé皆jiē兼jiān而ér有yǒu焉yān。凡fán在zài于yú异yì姓xìng,犹yóu将jiāng特tè祀sì之zhī,况kuàng于yú先xiān祖zǔ?或huò说shuō天tiān子zi五wǔ庙miào无wú见jiàn文wén,又yòu说shuō中zhōng宗zōng、高gāo宗zōng者zhě,宗zōng其qí道dào而ér毁huǐ其qí庙miào。名míng与yǔ实shí异yì,非fēi尊zūn德dé贵guì功gōng之zhī意yì也yě。《诗shī》云yún:“蔽bì芾fèi甘gān棠táng,勿wù剪jiǎn勿wù伐fá,邵shào伯bó所suǒ茇bá。”思sī其qí人rén犹yóu爱ài其qí树shù,况kuàng宗zōng其qí道dào而ér毁huǐ其qí庙miào乎hū?迭dié毁huǐ之zhī礼lǐ自zì有yǒu常cháng法fǎ,无wú殊shū功gōng异yì德dé,固gù以yǐ亲qīn疏shū相xiāng推tuī及jí。至zhì祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī序xù,多duō少shǎo之zhī数shù,经jīng传zhuàn无wú明míng文wén,至zhì尊zūn至zhì重zhòng,难nán以yǐ疑yí文wén虚xū说shuō定dìng也yě。孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì举jǔ公gōng卿qīng之zhī议yì,用yòng众zhòng儒rú之zhī谋móu,既jì以yǐ为wéi世shì宗zōng之zhī庙miào,建jiàn之zhī万wàn世shì,宣xuān布bù天tiān下xià。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì功gōng烈liè如rú彼bǐ,孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì崇chóng立lì之zhī如rú此cǐ,不bù宜yí毁huǐ。 上shàng览lǎn其qí议yì而ér从cóng之zhī。制zhì曰yuē:“太tài仆pū舜shùn、中zhōng垒lěi校xiào尉wèi歆xīn议yì可kě。” 歆xīn又yòu以yǐ为wéi“礼lǐ,去qù事shì有yǒu杀shā,故gù《春chūn秋qiū外wài传zhuàn》曰yuē:‘日rì祭jì,月yuè祀sì,时shí享xiǎng,岁suì贡gòng,终zhōng王wáng’祖zǔ祢mí则zé日rì祭jì,曾céng高gāo则zé月yuè祀sì,二èr祧tiāo则zé时shí享xiǎng,坛tán墠shàn则zé岁suì贡gòng,大dà禘dì则zé终zhōng王wáng。德dé盛shèng而ér游yóu广guǎng,亲qīn亲qīn之zhī杀shā也yě;弥mí远yuǎn则zé弥mí尊zūn,故gù禘dì为wèi重zhòng矣yǐ。孙sūn居jū王wáng父fù之zhī处chù,正zhèng昭zhāo穆mù,则zé孙sūn常cháng与yǔ祖zǔ相xiāng代dài,此cǐ迁qiān庙miào之zhī杀shā也yě。圣shèng人rén于yú其qí祖zǔ,出chū于yú情qíng矣yǐ,礼lǐ无wú所suǒ不bù顺shùn,故gù无wú毁huǐ庙miào。自zì贡gòng禹yǔ建jiàn迭dié毁huǐ之zhī议yì,惠huì、景jǐng及jí太tài上shàng寝qǐn园yuán废fèi而ér为wèi虚xū,失shī礼lǐ意yì矣yǐ。” 至zhì平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ中zhōng,大dà司sī马mǎ王wáng莽mǎng奏zòu:“本běn始shǐ元yuán年nián丞chéng相xiàng义yì等děng议yì,谥shì孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì亲qīn曰yuē悼dào园yuán,置zhì邑yì三sān百bǎi家jiā,至zhì元yuán康kāng元yuán年nián,丞chéng相xiàng相xiāng等děng奏zòu,父fù为wèi士shì,子zi为wèi天tiān子zi,祭jì以yǐ天tiān子zi,悼dào园yuán宜yí称chēng尊zūn号hào曰yuē‘皇huáng考kǎo’,立lì庙miào,益yì故gù奉fèng园yuán民mín满mǎn千qiān六liù百bǎi家jiā,以yǐ为wéi县xiàn。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi皇huáng考kǎo庙miào本běn不bù当dàng立lì,累lèi世shì奉fèng之zhī,非fēi是shì。又yòu孝xiào文wén太tài后hòu南nán陵líng、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu云yún陵líng园yuán,虽suī前qián以yǐ礼lǐ不bù复fù修xiū,陵líng名míng未wèi正zhèng。谨jǐn与yǔ大dà司sī徒tú晏yàn等děng百bǎi四sì十shí七qī人rén议yì,皆jiē曰yuē孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì以yǐ兄xiōng孙sūn继jì统tǒng为wèi孝xiào昭zhāo皇huáng帝dì后hòu,以yǐ数shù,故gù孝xiào元yuán世shì以yǐ孝xiào景jǐng皇huáng帝dì及jí皇huáng考kǎo庙miào亲qīn未wèi尽jǐn,不bù毁huǐ。此cǐ两liǎng统tǒng贰èr父fù,违wéi于yú礼lǐ制zhì。案àn义yì奏zòu亲qīn谥shì曰yuē‘悼dào’,裁cái置zhì奉fèng邑yì,皆jiē应yīng经jīng义yì。相xiāng奏zòu悼dào园yuán称chēng‘皇huáng考kǎo’,立lì庙miào,益yì民mín为wèi县xiàn,违wéi离lí祖zǔ统tǒng,乖guāi缪móu本běn义yì。父fù为wèi士shì,子zi为wèi天tiān子zi,祭jì以yǐ天tiān子zi者zhě,乃nǎi谓wèi若ruò虞yú舜shùn、夏xià禹yǔ、殷yīn汤tāng、周zhōu文wén、汉hàn之zhī高gāo祖zǔ受shòu命mìng而ér王wáng者zhě也yě,非fēi谓wèi继jì祖zǔ统tǒng为wèi后hòu者zhě也yě。臣chén请qǐng皇huáng高gāo祖zǔ考kǎo庙miào奉fèng明míng园yuán毁huǐ勿wù修xiū,罢bà南nán陵líng、云yún陵líng为wèi县xiàn。”奏zòu可kě。 司sī徒tú掾yuàn班bān彪biāo曰yuē:汉hàn承chéng亡wáng秦qín绝jué学xué之zhī后hòu,祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī制zhì因yīn时shí施shī宜yí。自zì元yuán、成chéng后hòu学xué者zhě蕃fān滋zī,贡gòng禹yǔ毁huǐ宗zōng庙miào,匡kuāng衡héng改gǎi郊jiāo兆zhào,何hé武wǔ定dìng三sān公gōng,后hòu皆jiē数shù复fù,故gù纷fēn纷fēn不bù定dìng。何hé者zhě?礼lǐ文wén缺quē微wēi,古gǔ今jīn异yì制zhì,各gè为wèi一yī家jiā,未wèi易yì可kě偏piān定dìng也yě。考kǎo观guān诸zhū儒rú之zhī议yì,刘liú歆xīn博bó而ér笃dǔ矣yǐ。

卷juǎn七qī十shí四sì犖luò合hé啾jiū谒yè氖nǎi

魏wèi相xiāng字zì弱ruò翁wēng,济jì阴yīn定dìng陶táo人rén也yě,徙xǐ平píng陵líng。少shǎo学xué《易yì》,为wèi郡jùn卒zú史shǐ,举jǔ贤xián良liáng,以yǐ对duì策cè高gāo第dì,为wèi茂mào陵líng令lìng。顷qǐng之zhī,御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū桑sāng弘hóng羊yáng客kè诈zhà称chēng御yù史shǐ止zhǐ传chuán,丞chéng不bù以yǐ时shí谒yè,客kè怒nù缚fù丞chéng。相xiāng疑yí其qí有yǒu奸jiān,收shōu捕bǔ,案àn致zhì其qí罪zuì,论lùn弃qì客kè市shì,茂mào陵líng大dà治zhì。 后hòu迁qiān河hé南nán太tài守shǒu,禁jìn止zhǐ奸jiān邪xié,豪háo强qiáng畏wèi服fú。会huì丞chéng相xiàng车chē千qiān秋qiū死sǐ,先xiān是shì千qiān秋qiū子zi为wèi雒luò阳yáng武wǔ库kù令lìng,自zì见jiàn失shī父fù,而ér相xiāng治zhì郡jùn严yán,恐kǒng久jiǔ获huò罪zuì,乃nǎi自zì免miǎn去qù。相xiāng使shǐ掾yuàn追zhuī呼hū之zhī,遂suì不bù肯kěn还hái。相xiāng独dú恨hèn曰yuē:“大dà将jiāng军jūn闻wén此cǐ令lìng去qù官guān,必bì以yǐ为wéi我wǒ用yòng丞chéng相xiàng死sǐ不bù能néng遇yù其qí子zi。使shǐ当dāng世shì贵guì人rén非fēi我wǒ,殆dài矣yǐ!”武wǔ库kù令lìng西xī至zhì长cháng安ān,大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng果guǒ以yǐ责zé过guò相xiāng曰yuē:“幼yòu主zhǔ新xīn立lì,以yǐ为wéi函hán谷gǔ京jīng师shī之zhī固gù,武wǔ库kù精jīng兵bīng所suǒ聚jù,故gù以yǐ丞chéng相xiàng弟dì为wèi关guān都dū尉wèi,子zi为wèi武wǔ库kù令lìng。今jīn河hé南nán太tài守shǒu不bù深shēn惟wéi国guó家jiā大dà策cè,苟gǒu见jiàn丞chéng相xiàng不bù在zài而ér斥chì逐zhú其qí子zi,何hé浅qiǎn薄bó也yě!”后hòu人rén有yǒu告gào相xiāng贼zéi杀shā不bù辜gū,事shì下xià有yǒu司sī。河hé南nán卒zú戍shù中zhōng都dū官guān者zhě二èr三sān千qiān人rén,遮zhē大dà将jiāng军jūn,自zì言yán愿yuàn复fù留liú作zuò一yī年nián以yǐ赎shú太tài守shǒu罪zuì。河hé南nán老lǎo弱ruò万wàn余yú人rén守shǒu关guān欲yù入rù上shàng书shū,关guān吏lì以yǐ闻wén。大dà将jiāng军jūn用yòng武wǔ库kù令lìng事shì,遂suì下xià相xiāng廷tíng尉wèi狱yù。久jiǔ系xì逾yú冬dōng,会huì赦shè出chū。复fù有yǒu诏zhào守shǒu茂mào陵líng令lìng,迁qiān杨yáng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。考kǎo案àn郡jùn国guó守shǒu相xiāng,多duō所suǒ贬biǎn退tuì。相xiāng与yǔ丙bǐng吉jí相xiāng善shàn,时shí吉jí为wèi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,与yǔ相xiàng书shū曰yuē:“朝cháo廷tíng已yǐ深shēn知zhī弱ruò翁wēng治zhì行xíng,方fāng且qiě大dà用yòng矣yǐ。愿yuàn少shǎo慎shèn事shì自zì重zhòng,臧zāng器qì于yú身shēn。”相xiāng心xīn善shàn其qí言yán,为wèi霁jì威wēi严yán。居jū部bù二èr岁suì,征zhēng为wèi谏jiàn大dà夫fū,复fù为wèi河hé南nán太tài守shǒu。 数shù年nián,宣xuān帝dì即jí位wèi,征zhēng相xiāng入rù为wèi大dà司sī农nóng,迁qiān御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。四sì岁suì,大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng薨hōng,上shàng思sī其qí功gōng德dé,以yǐ其qí子zi禹yǔ为wèi右yòu将jiāng军jūn,兄xiōng子zi乐lè平píng侯hóu山shān复fù领lǐng尚shàng书shū事shì。相xiāng因yīn平píng恩ēn侯hóu许xǔ伯bó奏zòu封fēng事shì,言yán:“《春chūn秋qiū》讥jī世shì卿qīng,恶è宋sòng三sān世shì为wèi大dà夫fū,及jí鲁lǔ季jì孙sūn之zhī专zhuān权quán,皆jiē危wēi乱luàn国guó家jiā。自zì后hòu元yuán以yǐ来lái,禄lù去qù王wáng室shì,政zhèng繇yáo冢zhǒng宰zǎi。今jīn光guāng死sǐ,子zi复fù为wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn,兄xiōng子zi秉bǐng枢shū机jī,昆kūn弟dì诸zhū婿xù据jù权quán势shì,在zài兵bīng官guān。光guāng夫fū人rén显xiǎn及jí诸zhū女nǚ皆jiē通tōng籍jí长zhǎng信xìn宫gōng,或huò夜yè诏zhào门mén出chū入rù,骄jiāo奢shē放fàng纵zòng,恐kǒng浸jìn不bù制zhì。宜yí有yǒu以yǐ损sǔn夺duó其qí权quán,破pò散sàn阴yīn谋móu,以yǐ固gù万wàn世shì之zhī基jī,全quán功gōng臣chén之zhī世shì。”又yòu故gù事shì诸zhū上shàng书shū者zhě皆jiē为wèi二èr封fēng,署shǔ其qí一yī曰yuē副fù,领lǐng尚shàng书shū者zhě先xiān发fā副fù封fēng,所suǒ言yán不bù善shàn,屏píng去qù不bù奏zòu。相xiāng复fù因yīn许xǔ伯bó白bái,去qù副fù封fēng以yǐ防fáng雍yōng蔽bì。宣xuān帝dì善shàn之zhī,诏zhào相xiāng给gěi事shì中zhōng,皆jiē从cóng其qí议yì。霍huò氏shì杀shā许xǔ后hòu之zhī谋móu始shǐ得dé上shàng闻wén。乃nǎi罢bà其qí三sān侯hóu,令lìng就jiù第dì,亲qīn属shǔ皆jiē出chū补bǔ吏lì。于yú是shì韦wéi贤xián以yǐ老lǎo病bìng免miǎn,相xiāng遂suì代dài为wéi丞chéng相xiàng,封fēng高gāo平píng侯hóu,食shí邑yì八bā百bǎi户hù。及jí霍huò氏shì怨yuàn相xiāng,又yòu惮dàn之zhī,谋móu矫jiǎo太tài后hòu诏zhào,先xiān召zhào斩zhǎn丞chéng相xiàng,然rán后hòu废fèi天tiān子zi。事shì发fā觉jué,伏fú诛zhū。宜yí帝dì始shǐ亲qīn万wàn机jī,厉lì精jīng为wèi治zhì,练liàn群qún臣chén,核hé名míng实shí,而ér相xiāng总zǒng领lǐng众zhòng职zhí,甚shèn称chēng上shàng意yì。 元yuán康kāng中zhōng,匈xiōng奴nú遣qiǎn兵bīng击jī汉hàn屯tún田tián车chē师shī者zhě,不bù能néng下xià。上shàng与yǔ后hòu将jiāng军jūn赵zhào充chōng国guó等děng议yì,欲yù因yīn匈xiōng奴nú衰shuāi弱ruò,出chū兵bīng击jī其qí右yòu地dì,使shǐ不bù敢gǎn复fù扰rǎo西xī域yù。相xiāng上shàng书shū谏jiàn曰yuē:臣chén闻wén之zhī,救jiù乱luàn诛zhū暴bào,谓wèi之zhī义yì兵bīng,兵bīng义yì者zhě王wáng;敌dí加jiā于yú己jǐ,不bù得dé已yǐ而ér起qǐ者zhě,谓wèi之zhī应yīng兵bīng,兵bīng应yīng者zhě胜shèng;争zhēng恨hèn小xiǎo故gù,不bù忍rěn愤fèn怒nù者zhě,谓wèi之zhī忿fèn兵bīng,兵bīng忿fèn者zhě败bài;利lì人rén土tǔ地dì货huò宝bǎo者zhě,谓wèi之zhī贪tān兵bīng,兵bīng贪tān者zhě破pò;恃shì国guó家jiā之zhī大dà,矜jīn民mín人rén之zhī众zhòng,欲yù见jiàn威wēi于yú敌dí者zhě,谓wèi之zhī骄jiāo兵bīng,兵bīng骄jiāo者zhě灭miè:此cǐ五wǔ者zhě,非fēi但dàn人rén事shì,乃nǎi天tiān道dào也yě。间jiān者zhě匈xiōng奴nú尝cháng有yǒu善shàn意yì,所suǒ得de汉hàn民mín辄zhé奉fèng归guī之zhī,未wèi有yǒu犯fàn于yú边biān境jìng,虽suī争zhēng屯tún田tián车chē师shī,不bù足zú致zhì意yì中zhōng。今jīn闻wén诸zhū将jiāng军jūn欲yù兴xīng兵bīng入rù其qí地dì,臣chén愚yú不bù知zhī此cǐ兵bīng何hé名míng者zhě也yě。今jīn边biān郡jùn困kùn乏fá,父fù子zǐ共gòng犬quǎn羊yáng之zhī裘qiú,食shí草cǎo莱lái之zhī实shí,常cháng恐kǒng不bù能néng自zì存cún,难nán以yǐ动dòng兵bīng。‘军jūn旅lǚ之zhī后hòu,必bì有yǒu凶xiōng年nián’,言yán民mín以yǐ其qí愁chóu苦kǔ之zhī气qì,伤shāng阴yīn阳yáng之zhī和hé也yě。出chū兵bīng虽suī胜shèng,犹yóu有yǒu后hòu忧yōu,恐kǒng灾zāi害hài之zhī变biàn因yīn此cǐ以yǐ生shēng。今jīn郡jùn国guó守shǒu、相xiāng多duō不bù实shí选xuǎn,风fēng俗sú尤yóu薄báo,水shuǐ旱hàn不bù时shí。案àn今jīn年nián计jì,子zǐ弟dì杀shā父fù兄xiōng、妻qī杀shā夫fū者zhě,凡fán二èr百bǎi二èr十shí二èr人rén,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi此cǐ非fēi小xiǎo变biàn也yě。今jīn左zuǒ右yòu不bù忧yōu此cǐ,乃nǎi欲yù发fā兵bīng报bào纤xiān介jiè之zhī忿fèn于yú远yuǎn夷yí,殆dài孔kǒng子zi所suǒ谓wèi‘吾wú恐kǒng季jì孙sūn之zhī忧yōu不bù在zài颛zhuān臾yú而ér在zài萧xiāo墙qiáng之zhī内nèi’也yě。愿yuàn陛bì下xià与yǔ平píng昌chāng侯hóu、乐lè昌chāng侯hóu、平píng恩ēn侯hóu及jí有yǒu识shí者zhě详xiáng议yì乃nǎi可kě。”上shàng从cóng相xiāng言yán而ér止zhǐ。 相xiāng明míng《易yì经jīng》,有yǒu师shī法fǎ,好hǎo观guān汉hàn故gù事shì及jí便pián宜yi章zhāng奏zòu,以yǐ为wéi古gǔ今jīn异yì制zhì,方fāng今jīn务wù在zài奉fèng行xíng故gù事shì而ér已yǐ。数shù条tiáo汉hàn兴xīng已yǐ来lái国guó家jiā便biàn宜yí行xíng事shì,及jí贤xián臣chén贾jiǎ谊yì、朝cháo错cuò、董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū等děng所suǒ言yán,奏zòu请qǐng施shī行xíng之zhī,曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén明míng主zhǔ在zài上shàng,贤xián辅fǔ在zài下xià,则zé君jūn安ān虞yú而ér民mín和hé睦mù。臣chén相xiāng幸xìng得de备bèi位wèi,不bù能néng奉fèng明míng法fǎ,广guǎng教jiào化huà,理lǐ四sì方fāng,以yǐ宣xuān圣shèng德dé。民mín多duō背bèi本běn趋qū末mò,或huò有yǒu饥jī寒hán之zhī色sè,为wèi陛bì下xià之zhī忧yōu,臣chén相xiāng罪zuì当dāng万wàn死sǐ。臣chén相xiāng知zhī能néng浅qiǎn薄bó,不bù明míng国guó家jiā大dà体tǐ,明míng用yòng之zhī宜yí,惟wéi民mín终zhōng始shǐ,未wèi得dé所suǒ由yóu。窃qiè伏fú观guān先xiān帝dì圣shèng德dé仁rén恩ēn之zhī厚hòu,勤qín劳láo天tiān下xià,垂chuí意yì黎lí庶shù,忧yōu水shuǐ旱hàn之zhī灾zāi,为wèi民mín贫pín穷qióng发fā仓cāng廪lǐn,赈zhèn乏fá餧wèi;遣qiǎn谏jiàn大dà夫fū博bó士shì巡xún行xíng天tiān下xià,察chá风fēng俗sú,举jǔ贤xián良liáng,平píng冤yuān狱yù,冠guān盖gài交jiāo道dào;省shěng诸zhū用yòng,宽kuān租zū赋fù,弛chí山shān泽zé波bō池chí,禁jìn秣mò马mǎ酤gū酒jiǔ贮zhù积jī,所suǒ以yǐ周zhōu急jí继jì困kùn,慰wèi安ān元yuán元yuán,便biàn利lì百bǎi姓xìng之zhī道dào甚shèn备bèi。臣chén相xiāng不bù能néng悉xī陈chén,昧mèi死sǐ奏zòu故gù事shì诏zhào书shū凡fán二èr十shí三sān事shì。臣chén谨jǐn案àn王wáng法fǎ必bì本běn于yú农nóng而ér务wù积jī聚jù,量liàng入rù制zhì用yòng以yǐ备bèi凶xiōng灾zāi,亡wáng六liù年nián之zhī畜chù,尚shàng谓wèi之zhī急jí。元yuán鼎dǐng三sān年nián,平píng原yuán、勃bó海hǎi、太tài山shān、东dōng郡jùn溥pǔ被bèi灾zāi害hài,民mín饿è死sǐ于yú道dào路lù。二èr千qiān石shí不bù豫yù虑lǜ其qí难nán,使shǐ至zhì于yú此cǐ,赖lài明míng诏zhào振zhèn救jiù,乃nǎi得dé蒙méng更gēng生shēng。今jīn岁suì不bù登dēng,谷gǔ暴bào腾téng踊yǒng,临lín秋qiū收shōu敛liǎn犹yóu有yǒu乏fá者zhě,至zhì春chūn恐kǒng甚shèn,亡wáng以yǐ相xiāng恤xù。西xī羌qiāng未wèi平píng,师shī旅lǚ在zài外wài,兵bīng革gé相xiāng乘chéng,臣chén窃qiè寒hán心xīn,宜yí早zǎo图tú其qí备bèi。唯wéi陛bì下xià留liú神shén元yuán元yuán,帅shuài繇yáo先xiān帝dì盛shèng德dé以yǐ抚fǔ海hǎi内nèi。”上shàng施shī行xíng其qí策cè。 又yòu数shù表biǎo采cǎi《易yì阴yīn阳yáng》及jí《明míng堂táng月yuè令lìng》奏zòu之zhī,曰yuē: 臣chén相xiāng幸xìng得de备bèi员yuán,奉fèng职zhí不bù修xiū,不bù能néng宣xuān广guǎng教jiào化huà。阴yīn阳yáng未wèi和hé,灾zāi害hài未wèi息xī,咎jiù在zài臣chén等děng。臣chén闻wén《易yì》曰yuē:“天tiān地dì以yǐ顺shùn动dòng,故gù日rì月yuè不bù过guò,四sì时shí不bù忒tè;圣shèng王wáng以yǐ顺shùn动dòng,故gù刑xíng罚fá清qīng而ér民mín服fú。”天tiān地dì变biàn化huà,必bì繇yáo阴yīn阳yáng,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī分fēn,以yǐ日rì为wèi纪jì。日rì冬dōng夏xià至zhì,则zé八bā风fēng之zhī序xù立lì,万wàn物wù之zhī性xìng成chéng,各gè有yǒu常cháng职zhí,不bù得dé相xiāng干gān。东dōng方fāng之zhī神shén太tài昊hào,乘chéng‘震zhèn’执zhí规guī司sī春chūn;南nán方fāng之zhī神shén炎yán帝dì,乘chéng‘离lí’执zhí衡héng司sī夏xià;西xī方fāng之zhī神shén少shǎo昊hào,乘chéng‘兑duì’,执zhí矩jǔ司sī秋qiū;北běi方fāng之zhī神shén颛zhuān顼xū,乘chéng‘坎kǎn’执zhí权quán司sī冬dōng;中zhōng央yāng之zhī神shén黄huáng帝dì,乘chéng‘坤kūn’、‘艮gěn’执zhí绳shéng司sī下xià土tǔ。兹zī五wǔ帝dì所suǒ司sī,各gè有yǒu时shí也yě。东dōng方fāng之zhī卦guà不bù可kě以yǐ治zhì西xī方fāng,南nán方fāng之zhī卦guà不bù可kě以yǐ治zhì北běi方fāng。春chūn兴xīng‘兑duì’治zhì则zé饥jī,秋qiū兴xīng‘震zhèn’治zhì则zé华huá,冬dōng兴xīng‘离lí’治zhì则zé泄xiè,夏xià兴xīng‘坎kǎn’治zhì则zé雹báo。明míng王wáng谨jǐn于yú尊zūn天tiān,慎shèn于yú养yǎng人rén,故gù立lì羲xī和hé之zhī官guān以yǐ乘chéng四sì时shí,节jié授shòu民mín事shì。君jūn动dòng静jìng以yǐ道dào,奉fèng顺shùn阴yīn阳yáng,则zé日rì月yuè光guāng明míng,风fēng雨yǔ时shí节jié,寒hán暑shǔ调tiáo和hé。三sān者zhě得dé叙xù,则zé灾zāi害hài不bù生shēng,五wǔ谷gǔ熟shú,丝sī麻má遂suì,草cǎo木mù茂mào,鸟niǎo兽shòu蕃fān,民mín不bù夭yāo疾jí,衣yī食shí有yǒu余yú。若ruò是shì,则zé君jūn尊zūn民mín说shuō,上shàng下xià亡wáng怨yuàn,政zhèng教jiào不bù违wéi,礼lǐ让ràng可kě兴xīng。夫fū风fēng雨yǔ不bù时shí,则zé伤shāng农nóng桑sāng;农nóng桑sāng伤shāng,则zé民mín饥jī寒hán;饥jī寒hán在zài身shēn,则zé亡wáng廉lián耻chǐ,寇kòu贼zéi奸jiān宄guǐ所suǒ繇yáo生shēng也yě。臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi阴yīn阳yáng者zhě,王wáng事shì之zhī本běn,群qún生shēng之zhī命mìng,自zì古gǔ贤xián圣shèng未wèi有yǒu不bù繇yáo者zhě也yě。天tiān子zi之zhī义yì,必bì纯chún取qǔ法fǎ天tiān地dì,而ér观guān于yú先xiān圣shèng。高gāo皇huáng帝dì所suǒ述shù书shū《天tiān子zi所suǒ服fú第dì八bā》曰yuē:“大dà谒yè者zhě臣chén章zhāng受shòu诏zhào长cháng乐lè宫gōng,曰yuē:‘令lìng群qún臣chén议yì天tiān子zi所suǒ服fú,以yǐ安ān治zhì天tiān下xià。’相xiàng国guó臣chén何hé、御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū臣chén昌chāng谨jǐn与yǔ将jiāng军jūn臣chén陵líng、太tài子zi太tài傅fù臣chén通tōng等děng议yì:‘春chūn夏xià秋qiū冬dōng天tiān子zi所suǒ服fú,当dāng法fǎ天tiān地dì之zhī数shù,中zhōng得dé人rén和hé。故gù自zì天tiān子zi王wáng侯hóu有yǒu土tǔ之zhī君jūn,下xià及jí兆zhào民mín,能néng法fǎ天tiān地dì,顺shùn四sì时shí,以yǐ治zhì国guó家jiā,身shēn亡wáng祸huò殃yāng,年nián寿shòu永yǒng究jiū,是shì奉fèng宗zōng庙miào安ān天tiān下xià之zhī大dà礼lǐ也yě。臣chén请qǐng法fǎ之zhī。中zhōng谒yè者zhě赵zhào尧yáo举jǔ春chūn,李lǐ舜shùn举jǔ夏xià,硖xiá谰lán偾fèn铮zhēng庇bì砭biān俣yǔ娜nà烁shuò髦máo耙bà皇huáng薄báo!筅xiǎn苏sū呦yōu逭huàn伦lún啵bō圃pǔ唬hǔ骸hái伞sǎn!毙bì⑽幕mù实shí凼dàng保bǎo远yuǎn月yuè施shī恩ēn惠huì于yú天tiān下xià,赐cì孝xiào弟dì力lì田tián及jí罢bà军jūn卒zú,祠cí死sǐ事shì者zhě,颇pǒ非fēi时shí节jié。御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū朝cháo错cuò时shí为wèi太tài子zi家jiā令lìng,奏zòu言yán其qí状zhuàng。臣chén相xiāng伏fú念niàn陛bì下xià恩ēn泽zé甚shèn厚hòu,然rán而ér灾zāi气qì未wèi息xī,窃qiè恐kǒng诏zhào令lìng有yǒu未wèi合hé当dāng时shí者zhě也yě。愿yuàn陛bì下xià选xuǎn明míng经jīng通tōng知zhī阴yīn阳yáng者zhě四sì人rén,各gè主zhǔ一yī时shí,时shí至zhì明míng言yán所suǒ职zhí,以yǐ和hé阴yīn阳yáng,天tiān下xià幸xìng甚shèn! 相xiāng数shù陈chén便pián宜yi,上shàng纳nà用yòng焉yān。 相xiāng敕chì掾yuàn史shǐ案àn事shì郡jùn国guó及jí休xiū告gào从cóng家jiā还hái至zhì府fǔ,辄zhé白bái四sì方fāng异yì闻wén,或huò有yǒu逆nì贼zéi风fēng雨yǔ灾zāi变biàn,郡jùn不bù上shàng,相xiāng辄zhé奏zòu言yán之zhī。时shí,丙bǐng吉jí为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,同tóng心xīn辅fǔ政zhèng,上shàng皆jiē重zhòng之zhī。相xiāng为wéi人rén严yán毅yì,不bù如rú吉jí宽kuān。视shì事shì九jiǔ岁suì,神shén爵jué三sān年nián薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē宪xiàn侯hóu。子zi弘hóng嗣sì,甘gān露lù中zhōng有yǒu罪zuì削xuē爵jué为wèi关guān内nèi侯hóu。 丙bǐng吉jí字zì少shǎo卿qīng,鲁lǔ国guó人rén也yě。治zhì律lǜ令lìng,为wèi鲁lǔ狱yù史shǐ。积jī功gōng劳láo,稍shāo迁qiān至zhì廷tíng尉wèi右yòu监jiān。坐zuò法fǎ失shī官guān,归guī为wèi州zhōu从cóng事shì。武wǔ帝dì末mò,巫wū蛊gǔ事shì起qǐ,吉jí以yǐ故gù廷tíng尉wèi监jiān征zhēng,诏zhào治zhì巫wū蛊gǔ郡jùn邸dǐ狱yù。时shí,宣xuān帝dì生shēng数shù月yuè,以yǐ皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn坐zuò卫wèi太tài子zi事shì系xì,吉jí见jiàn而ér怜lián之zhī。又yòu心xīn知zhī太tài子zi无wú事shì实shí,重zhòng哀āi曾zēng孙sūn无wú辜gū,吉jí择zé谨jǐn厚hòu女nǚ徒tú,令lìng保bǎo养yǎng曾zēng孙sūn,置zhì闲xián燥zào处chù。吉jí治zhì巫wū蛊gǔ事shì,连lián岁suì不bù决jué。后hòu元yuán二èr年nián,武wǔ帝dì疾jí,往wǎng来lái长zhǎng杨yáng、五wǔ柞zhà宫gōng,望wàng气qì者zhě言yán长cháng安ān狱yù中zhōng有yǒu天tiān子zi气qì,于yú是shì上shàng遣qiǎn使shǐ者zhě分fēn条tiáo中zhōng都dū官guān诏zhào狱yù系xì者zhě,亡wáng轻qīng重zhòng一yī切qiè皆jiē杀shā之zhī。内nèi谒yè者zhě令lìng郭guō穰ráng夜yè到dào郡jùn邸dǐ狱yù,吉jí闭bì门mén拒jù使shǐ者zhě不bù纳nà,曰yuē:“皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn在zài。他tā人rén亡wáng辜gū死sǐ者zhě犹yóu不bù可kě,况kuàng亲qīn曾zēng孙sūn乎hū!”相xiāng守shǒu至zhì天tiān明míng不bù得dé入rù,穰ráng还hái以yǐ闻wén,因yīn劾hé奏zòu吉jí。武wǔ帝dì亦yì寤wù,曰yuē:“天tiān使shǐ之zhī也yě。”因yīn赦shè天tiān下xià。郡jùn邸dǐ狱yù系xì者zhě独dú赖lài吉jí得dé生shēng,恩ēn及jí四sì海hǎi矣yǐ。曾zēng孙sūn病bìng,几jǐ不bù全quán者zhě数shù焉yān,吉jí数shù敕chì保bǎo养yǎng乳rǔ母mǔ加jiā致zhì医yī药yào,视shì遇yù甚shèn有yǒu恩ēn惠huì,以yǐ私sī财cái物wù给gěi其qí衣yī食shí。 后hòu吉jí为wèi车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn军jūn市shì令lìng,迁qiān大dà将jiāng军jūn长zhǎng史shǐ,霍huò光guāng甚shèn重zhòng之zhī,入rù为wèi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū给gěi事shì中zhōng。昭zhāo帝dì崩bēng,无wú嗣sì,大dà将jiāng军jūn光guāng遣qiǎn吉jí迎yíng昌chāng邑yì王wáng贺hè。贺hè即jí位wèi,以yǐ行xíng淫yín乱luàn废fèi,光guāng与yǔ车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn张zhāng安ān世shì诸zhū大dà臣chén议yì所suǒ立lì,未wèi定dìng。吉jí奏zòu记jì光guāng曰yuē:“将jiāng军jūn事shì孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì,受shòu襁qiǎng褓bǎo之zhī属shǔ,任rèn天tiān下xià之zhī寄jì,孝xiào昭zhāo皇huáng帝dì早zǎo崩bēng亡wáng嗣sì,海hǎi内nèi忧yōu惧jù,欲yù亟jí闻wén嗣sì主zhǔ,发fā丧sāng之zhī日rì以yǐ大dà谊yì立lì后hòu,所suǒ立lì非fēi其qí人rén,复fù以yǐ大dà谊yì废fèi之zhī,天tiān下xià莫mò不bù服fú焉yān。方fāng今jīn社shè稷jì宗zōng庙miào群qún生shēng之zhī命mìng在zài将jiāng军jūn之zhī一yī举jǔ。窃qiè伏fú听tīng于yú众zhòng庶shù,察chá其qí所suǒ言yán,诸zhū侯hóu宗zōng室shì在zài位wèi列liè者zhě,未wèi有yǒu所suǒ闻wén于yú民mín间jiān也yě。而ér遗yí诏zhào所suǒ养yǎng武wǔ帝dì曾zēng孙sūn名míng病bìng已yǐ在zài掖yē庭tíng外wài家jiā者zhě,吉jí前qián使shǐ居jū郡jùn邸dǐ时shí见jiàn其qí幼yòu少shǎo,至zhì今jīn十shí八bā九jiǔ矣yǐ,通tōng经jīng术shù,有yǒu美měi材cái,行xíng安ān而ér节jié和hé。愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn详xiáng大dà议yì,参cān以yǐ蓍shī龟guī,岂qǐ宜yí褒bāo显xiǎn,先xiān使shǐ入rù侍shì,令lìng天tiān下xià昭zhāo然rán知zhī之zhī,然rán后hòu决jué定dìng大dà策cè,天tiān下xià幸xìng甚shèn!”光guāng览lǎn其qí议yì,遂suì尊zūn立lì皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn,遣qiǎn宗zōng正zhèng刘liú德dé与yǔ吉jí迎yíng曾zēng孙sūn于yú掖yē庭tíng。宣xuān帝dì初chū即jí位wèi,赐cì吉jí爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。 吉jí为wéi人rén深shēn厚hòu,不bù伐fá善shàn。自zì曾zēng孙sūn遭zāo遇yù,吉jí绝jué口kǒu不bù道dào前qián恩ēn,故gù朝cháo廷tíng莫mò能néng明míng其qí功gōng也yě。地dì节jié三sān年nián,立lì皇huáng太tài子zi,吉jí为wèi太tài子zi太tài傅fù,数shù月yuè,迁qiān御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。及jí霍huò氏shì诛zhū,上shàng躬gōng亲qīn政zhèng,省shěng尚shàng书shū事shì。是shì时shí,掖yē庭tíng宫gōng婢bì则zé令lìng民mín夫fū上shàng书shū,自zì陈chén尝cháng有yǒu阿ā保bǎo之zhī功gōng。章zhāng下xià掖yē庭tíng令lìng考kǎo问wèn,则zé辞cí引yǐn使shǐ者zhě丙bǐng吉jí知zhī状zhuàng。掖yē庭tíng令lìng将jiāng则zé诣yì御yù史shǐ府fǔ以yǐ视shì吉jí。吉jí识shí,谓wèi则zé曰yuē:“汝rǔ尝cháng坐zuò养yǎng皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn不bù谨jǐn督dū笞chī,汝rǔ安ān得dé有yǒu功gōng?独dú渭wèi城chéng胡hú组zǔ、淮huái阳yáng郭guō徵zhēng卿qīng有yǒu恩ēn耳ěr。”分fēn别bié奏zòu组zǔ等děng共gòng养yǎng劳láo苦kǔ状zhuàng。诏zhào吉jí求qiú组zǔ、征zhēng卿qīng,已yǐ死sǐ,有yǒu子zǐ孙sūn,皆jiē受shòu厚hòu赏shǎng。诏zhào免miǎn则zé为wèi庶shù人rén,赐cì钱qián十shí万wàn。上shàng亲qīn见jiàn问wèn,然rán后hòu知zhī吉jí有yǒu旧jiù恩ēn,而ér终zhōng不bù言yán。上shàng大dà贤xián之zhī,制zhì诏zhào丞chéng相xiàng:“朕zhèn微wēi眇miǎo时shí,御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū吉jí与yǔ朕zhèn有yǒu旧jiù恩ēn,厥jué德dé茂mào焉yān。《诗shī》不bù云yún乎hū?‘亡wáng德dé不bù报bào’。其qí封fēng吉jí为wèi博bó阳yáng侯hóu,邑yì千qiān三sān百bǎi户hù。”临lín当dāng封fēng,吉jí疾jí病bìng,上shàng将jiàng使shǐ人rén加jiā绅shēn而ér封fēng之zhī,及jí其qí生shēng存cún也yě。上shàng忧yōu吉jí疾jí不bù起qǐ,太tài子zi太tài傅fù夏xià侯hóu胜shèng曰yuē:“此cǐ未wèi死sǐ也yě。臣chén闻wén有yǒu阴yīn德dé者zhě,必bì飨xiǎng其qí乐lè以yǐ及jí子zǐ孙sūn。今jīn吉jí未wèi获huò报bào而ér疾jí甚shèn,非fēi其qí死sǐ疾jí也yě。”后hòu病bìng果guǒ愈yù。吉jí上shàng书shū固gù辞cí,自zì陈chén不bù宜yí以yǐ空kōng名míng受shòu赏shǎng。上shàng报bào曰yuē:“朕zhèn之zhī封fēng君jūn,非fēi空kōng名míng也yě,而ér君jūn上shàng书shū归guī侯hóu印yìn,是shì显xiǎn朕zhèn不bù德dé也yě。方fāng今jīn天tiān下xià少shǎo事shì,君jūn其qí专zhuān精jīng神shén,省shěng思sī虑lǜ,近jìn医yī药yào,以yǐ自zì持chí。”后hòu五wǔ岁suì,代dài魏wèi相xiāng为wèi丞chéng相xiàng。 吉jí本běn起qǐ狱yù法fǎ小xiǎo吏lì,后hòu学xué《诗shī》、《礼lǐ》,皆jiē通tōng大dà义yì。及jí居jū相xiàng位wèi,上shàng宽kuān大dà,好hǎo礼lǐ让ràng。掾yuàn史shǐ有yǒu罪zuì臧zāng,不bù称chèn职zhí,辄zhé予yǔ长zhǎng休xiū告gào,终zhōng无wú所suǒ案àn验yàn。客kè或huò谓wèi吉jí曰yuē:“君jūn侯hóu为wèi汉hàn相xiāng,奸jiān吏lì成chéng其qí私sī,然rán无wú所suǒ惩chéng艾yì。”吉jí曰yuē:“夫fū以yǐ三sān公gōng之zhī府fǔ有yǒu案àn吏lì之zhī名míng,吾wú窃qiè陋lòu焉yān。”后hòu人rén代dài吉jí,因yīn以yǐ为wéi故gù事shì,公gōng府fǔ不bù案àn吏lì,自zì吉jí始shǐ。 于yú官guān属shǔ掾yuàn史shǐ,务wù掩yǎn过guò扬yáng善shàn。吉jí驭yù吏lì耆qí酒jiǔ,数shù逋bū荡dàng,尝cháng从cóng吉jí出chū,醉zuì呕ǒu丞chéng相xiàng车chē上shàng。西xī曹cáo主zhǔ吏lì白bái欲yù斥chì之zhī,吉jí曰yuē:“以yǐ醉zuì饱bǎo之zhī失shī去qù士shì,使shǐ此cǐ人rén将jiāng复fù何hé所suǒ容róng?西xī曹cáo地dì忍rěn之zhī,此cǐ不bù过guò污wū丞chéng相xiàng车chē茵yīn耳ěr。”遂suì不bù去qù也yě。此cǐ驭yù吏lì边biān郡jùn人rén,习xí知zhī边biān塞sài发fā奔bèn命mìng警jǐng备bèi事shì,尝cháng出chū,适shì见jiàn驿yì骑qí持chí赤chì白bái囊náng,边biān郡jùn发fā奔bèn命mìng书shū驰chí来lái至zhì。驭yù吏lì因yīn随suí驿yì骑qí至zhì公gōng车chē刺cì取qǔ,知zhī虏lǔ入rù云yún中zhōng、代dài郡jùn,遽jù归guī府fǔ见jiàn吉jí白bái状zhuàng,因yīn曰yuē:“恐kǒng虏lǔ所suǒ入rù边biān郡jùn,二èr千qiān石shí长zhǎng吏lì有yǒu老lǎo病bìng不bù任rèn兵bīng马mǎ者zhě,宜yí可kě豫yù视shì。”吉jí善shàn其qí言yán,召zhào东dōng曹cáo案àn边biān长zhǎng吏lì,琐suǒ科kē条tiáo其qí人rén。未wèi已yǐ,诏zhào召zhào丞chéng相xiàng、御yù史shǐ,问wèn以yǐ虏lǔ所suǒ入rù郡jùn吏lì,吉jí具jù对duì。御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū卒zú遽jù不bù能néng详xiáng知zhī,以yǐ得dé谴qiǎn让ràng。而ér吉jí见jiàn谓wèi忧yōu边biān思sī职zhí,驭yù吏lì力lì也yě。吉jí乃nǎi叹tàn曰yuē:“士shì亡wáng不bù可kě容róng,能néng各gè有yǒu所suǒ长cháng。向xiàng使shǐ丞chéng相xiàng不bù先xiān闻wén驭yù吏lì言yán,何hé见jiàn劳láo勉miǎn之zhī有yǒu?”掾yuàn史shǐ繇yáo是shì益yì贤xián吉jí。 吉jí又yòu尝cháng出chū,逢féng清qīng道dào群qún斗dòu者zhě,死sǐ伤shāng横héng道dào,吉jí过guò之zhī不bù问wèn,掾yuàn史shǐ独dú怪guài之zhī。吉jí前qián行xíng,逢féng人rén逐zhú牛niú,牛niú喘chuǎn吐tǔ舌shé,吉jí止zhǐ驻zhù,使shǐ骑qí吏lì问wèn:“逐zhú牛niú行xíng几jǐ里lǐ矣yǐ?”掾yuàn史shǐ独dú谓wèi丞chéng相xiàng前qián后hòu失shī问wèn,或huò以yǐ讥jī吉jí,吉jí曰yuē:“民mín斗dòu相xiāng杀shā伤shāng,长cháng安ān令lìng、京jīng兆zhào尹yǐn职zhí所suǒ当dāng禁jìn备bèi逐zhú捕bǔ,岁suì竟jìng丞chéng相xiàng课kè其qí殿diàn最zuì,奏zòu行xíng赏shǎng罚fá而ér已yǐ。宰zǎi相xiàng不bù亲qīn小xiǎo事shì,非fēi所suǒ当dāng于yú道dào路lù问wèn也yě。方fāng春chūn少shǎo阳yáng用yòng事shì,未wèi可kě大dà热rè,恐kǒng牛niú近jìn行xíng,用yòng暑shǔ故gù喘chuǎn,此cǐ时shí气qì失shī节jié,恐kǒng有yǒu所suǒ伤shāng害hài也yě。三sān公gōng典diǎn调tiáo和hé阴yīn阳yáng,职zhí当dāng忧yōu,是shì以yǐ问wèn之zhī。”掾yuàn史shǐ乃nǎi服fú,以yǐ吉jí知zhī大dà体tǐ。 五wǔ凤fèng三sān年nián春chūn,吉jí病bìng笃dǔ。上shàng自zì临lín问wèn吉jí,曰yuē:“君jūn即jí有yǒu不bù讳huì,谁shuí可kě以yǐ自zì代dài者zhě?”吉jí辞cí谢xiè曰yuē:“群qún臣chén行xíng能néng,明míng主zhǔ所suǒ知zhī,愚yú臣chén无wú所suǒ能néng识shí。”上shàng固gù问wèn,吉jí顿dùn首shǒu曰yuē:“西xī河hé太tài守shǒu杜dù延yán年nián明míng于yú法fǎ度dù,晓xiǎo国guó家jiā故gù事shì,前qián为wèi九jiǔ卿qīng十shí余yú年nián,今jīn在zài郡jùn治zhì有yǒu能néng名míng。廷tíng尉wèi于yú定dìng国guó执zhí宪xiàn详xiáng平píng,天tiān下xià自zì以yǐ不bù冤yuān。太tài仆pū陈chén万wàn年nián事shì后hòu母mǔ孝xiào,惇dūn厚hòu备bèi于yú行xíng止zhǐ。此cǐ三sān人rén能néng皆jiē在zài臣chén右yòu,唯wéi上shàng察chá之zhī。”上shàng以yǐ吉jí言yán皆jiē是shì而ér许xǔ焉yān。及jí吉jí薨hōng,御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū黄huáng霸bà为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,征zhēng西xī河hé太tài守shǒu杜dù延yán年nián为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,会huì其qí年nián老lǎo,乞qǐ骸hái骨gǔ。病bìng免miǎn。以yǐ廷tíng尉wèi于yú定dìng国guó代dài为wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。黄huáng霸bà薨hōng,而ér定dìng国guó为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,太tài仆pū陈chén万wàn年nián代dài定dìng国guó为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,居jū位wèi皆jiē称chèn职zhí,上shàng称chēng吉jí为wèi知zhī人rén。 吉jí薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē定dìng侯hóu。子zi显xiǎn嗣sì,甘gān露lù中zhōng有yǒu罪zuì削xuē爵jué为wèi关guān内nèi侯hóu,官guān至zhì卫wèi尉wèi、太tài仆pū。始shǐ显xiǎn少shǎo为wèi诸zhū曹cáo,尝cháng从cóng祠cí高gāo庙miào,至zhì夕xī牲shēng日rì,乃nǎi使shǐ出chū取qǔ斋zhāi衣yī。丞chéng相xiàng吉jí大dà怒nù,谓wèi其qí夫fū人rén曰yuē:“宗zōng庙miào至zhì重zhòng,而ér显xiǎn不bù敬jìng慎shèn,亡wáng吾wú爵jué者zhě必bì显xiǎn也yě。”夫fū人rén为wèi言yán,然rán后hòu乃nǎi已yǐ。吉jí中zhōng子zi禹yǔ为wèi水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi,少shǎo子zǐ高gāo为wèi中zhōng垒lěi校xiào尉wèi。 元yuán帝dì时shí,长cháng安ān士shì伍wǔ尊zūn上shàng书shū言yán:“臣chén少shǎo时shí为wèi郡jùn邸dǐ小xiǎo吏lì,窃qiè见jiàn孝xiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì以yǐ皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn在zài郡jùn邸dǐ狱yù。是shì时shí,治zhì狱yù使shǐ者zhě丙bǐng吉jí见jiàn皇huáng曾zēng孙sūn遭zāo离lí无wú辜gū,吉jí仁rén心xīn感gǎn动dòng,涕tì泣qì凄qī恻cè,选xuǎn择zé复fù作zuò胡hú组zǔ养yǎng视shì皇huáng孙sūn,吉jí常cháng从cóng。臣chén尊zūn日rì再zài侍shì卧wò庭tíng上shàng。后hòu遭zāo条tiáo狱yù之zhī召zhào,吉jí扞gǎn拒jù大dà难nàn,不bù避bì严yán刑xíng峻jùn法fǎ。既jì遭zāo大dà赦shè,吉jí谓wèi守shǒu丞chéng谁shuí知zhī,皇huáng孙sūn不bù当dàng在zài官guān,使shǐ谁shuí如rú移yí书shū京jīng兆zhào尹yǐn,遣qiǎn与yǔ胡hú组zǔ俱jù送sòng京jīng兆zhào尹yǐn,不bù受shòu,复fù还hái。及jí组zǔ日rì满mǎn当dāng去qù,皇huáng孙sūn思sī慕mù,吉jí以yǐ私sī钱qián顾gù组zǔ,令lìng留liú与yǔ郭guō徽huī卿qīng并bìng养yǎng数shù月yuè,乃nǎi遣qiǎn组zǔ去qù。后hòu少shǎo内nèi啬sè夫fū白bái吉jí曰yuē:‘食shí皇huáng孙sūn亡wáng诏zhào令lìng’。时shí,吉jí得dé食shí米mǐ肉ròu,月yuè月yuè以yǐ给gěi皇huáng孙sūn。吉jí即jí时shí病bìng,辄zhé使shǐ臣chén尊zūn朝zhāo夕xī请qǐng问wèn皇huáng孙sūn,视shì省shěng席xí蓐rù燥zào湿shī。候hòu伺cì组zǔ、徽huī卿qīng,不bù得dé令lìng晨chén夜yè去qù皇huáng孙sūn敖áo荡dàng,数shù奏zòu甘gān毳cuì食shí物wù。所suǒ以yǐ拥yōng全quán神shén灵líng,成chéng育yù圣shèng躬gōng,功gōng德dé已yǐ无wú量liàng矣yǐ。时shí岂qǐ豫yù知zhī天tiān下xià之zhī福fú,而ér徼jiǎo其qí报bào哉zāi!诚chéng其qí仁rén恩ēn内nèi结jié于yú心xīn也yě。虽suī介jiè之zhī推tuī割gē肌jī以yǐ存cún君jūn,不bù足zú以yǐ比bǐ。教jiào宣xuān皇huáng帝dì时shí,臣chén上shàng书shū言yán状zhuàng,幸xìng得de下xià吉jí,吉jí谦qiān让ràng不bù敢gǎn自zì伐fá,删shān去qù臣chén辞cí,专zhuān归guī美měi于yú组zǔ、徽huī卿qīng。组zǔ、徽huī卿qīng皆jiē以yǐ受shòu田tián宅zhái赐cì钱qián,吉jí封fēng为wèi博bó阳yáng侯hóu,臣chén尊zūn不bù得dé比bǐ组zǔ、徽huī卿qīng。臣chén年nián老lǎo居jū贫pín,死sǐ在zài旦dàn暮mù,欲yù终zhōng不bù言yán,恐kǒng使shǐ有yǒu功gōng不bù著zhù。吉jí子zi显xiǎn坐zuò微wēi文wén夺duó爵jué为wèi关guān内nèi侯hóu,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi宜yí复fù其qí爵jué邑yì,以yǐ报bào先xiān入rù功gōng德dé。”先xiān是shì,显xiǎn为wèi太tài仆pū十shí余yú年nián,与yǔ官guān属shǔ大dà为wèi奸jiān利lì,臧zāng千qiān余yú万wàn,司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi昌chāng案àn劾hé,罪zuì至zhì不bù道dào,奏zòu请qǐng逮dài捕bǔ。上shàng曰yuē:“故gù丞chéng相xiàng吉jí有yǒu旧jiù恩ēn,朕zhèn不bù忍rěn绝jué。”免miǎn显xiǎn官guān,夺duó邑yì四sì百bǎi户hù。后hòu复fù以yǐ为wéi城chéng门mén校xiào尉wèi。显xiǎn卒zú,子zi昌chāng嗣sì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。 成chéng帝dì时shí,修xiū废fèi功gōng,以yǐ吉jí旧jiù恩ēn尤yóu重zhòng,鸿hóng嘉jiā元yuán年nián制zhì诏zhào丞chéng相xiàng御yù史shǐ:“盖gài闻wén褒bāo功gōng德dé,继jì绝jué统tǒng,所suǒ以yǐ重zhòng宗zōng庙miào,广guǎng贤xián圣shèng之zhī路lù也yě。故gù博bó阳yáng侯hóu吉jí以yǐ旧jiù恩ēn有yǒu功gōng而ér封fēng,今jīn其qí祀sì绝jué,朕zhèn甚shèn怜lián之zhī。夫fū善shàn善shàn及jí子zǐ孙sūn,古gǔ今jīn之zhī通tōng谊yì也yě,其qí封fēng吉jí孙sūn中zhōng郎láng将jiāng、关guān内nèi侯hóu昌chāng为wèi博bó阳yáng侯hóu,奉fèng吉jí后hòu。”国guó绝jué三sān十shí二èr岁suì复fù续xù云yún。昌chāng传chuán子zi至zhì孙sūn,王wáng莽mǎng时shí乃nǎi绝jué。 赞zàn曰yuē:古gǔ之zhī制zhì名míng,必bì繇yáo象xiàng类lèi,远yuǎn取qǔ诸zhū物wù,近jìn取qǔ诸zhū身shēn。故gù经jīng谓wèi君jūn为wèi元yuán首shǒu,臣chén为wèi股gǔ肱gōng,明míng其qí一yī体tǐ,相xiāng待dài而ér成chéng也yě。是shì故gù君jūn臣chén相xiāng配pèi,古gǔ今jīn常cháng道dào,自zì然rán之zhī势shì也yě。近jìn观guān汉hàn相xiāng,高gāo祖zǔ开kāi基jī,萧xiāo、曹cáo为wèi冠guān,孝xiào宣xuān中zhōng兴xīng,丙bǐng、魏wèi有yǒu声shēng。是shì时shí,黜chù陟zhì有yǒu序xù,众zhòng职zhí修xiū理lǐ,公gōng卿qīng多duō称chēng其qí位wèi,海hǎi内nèi兴xīng于yú礼lǐ让ràng。览lǎn其qí行xíng事shì,岂qǐ虚xū乎hū哉zāi!

卷juǎn七qī十shí五wǔ犿huān趿tā较jiào暮mù罹lí┮砝fá畲shē谒yè氖nǎi

眭suī弘hóng字zì孟mèng,鲁lǔ国guó蕃fān人rén也yě。少shǎo时shí好hǎo侠xiá,斗dòu鸡jī走zǒu马mǎ,长zhǎng乃nǎi变biàn节jié,从cóng嬴yíng公gōng受shòu《春chūn秋qiū》。以yǐ明míng经jīng为wèi议yì郎láng,至zhì符fú节jié令lìng。 孝xiào昭zhāo元yuán凤fèng三sān年nián正zhēng月yuè,泰tài山shān、莱lái芜wú山shān南nán匈xiōng匈xiōng有yǒu数shù千qiān人rén声shēng,民mín视shì之zhī,有yǒu大dà石shí自zì立lì,高gāo丈zhàng五wǔ尺chǐ,大dà四sì十shí八bā围wéi,入rù地dì深shēn八bā尺chǐ,三sān石shí为wèi足zú。石shí立lì后hòu有yǒu白bái乌wū数shù千qiān下xià集jí其qí旁páng。是shì时shí,昌chāng邑yì有yǒu枯kū社shè木mù卧wò复fù生shēng,又yòu上shàng林lín苑yuàn中zhōng大dà柳liǔ树shù断duàn枯kū卧wò地dì,亦yì自zì立lì生shēng,有yǒu虫chóng食shí树shù叶yè成chéng文wén字zì,曰yuē“公gōng孙sūn病bìng已yǐ立lì”,孟mèng推tuī《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī意yì,以yǐ为wéi“石shí、柳liǔ,皆jiē阴yīn类lèi,下xià民mín之zhī象xiàng;泰tài山shān者zhě,岱dài宗zōng之zhī岳yuè,王wáng者zhě易yì姓xìng告gào代dài之zhī外wài。今jīn大dà石shí自zì立lì,僵jiāng柳liǔ复fù起qǐ,非fēi人rén力lì所suǒ为wèi,此cǐ当dāng有yǒu从cóng匹pǐ夫fū为wèi天tiān子zi者zhě。枯kū社shè木mù复fù生shēng,故gù废fèi之zhī家jiā公gōng孙sūn氏shì当dāng复fù兴xīng者zhě也yě。”孟mèng意yì亦yì不bù知zhī其qí所suǒ在zài,即jí说shuō曰yuē:“先xiān师shī董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū有yǒu言yán,虽suī有yǒu继jì体tǐ守shǒu文wén之zhī君jūn,不bù害hài圣shèng人rén之zhī受shòu命mìng。汉hàn家jiā尧yáo后hòu,有yǒu传chuán国guó之zhī运yùn。汉hàn帝dì宜yí谁shuí差chà天tiān下xià,求qiú索suǒ贤xián人rén,禅chán以yǐ帝dì位wèi,而ér退tuì自zì封fēng百bǎi里lǐ,如rú殷yīn、周zhōu二èr王wáng后hòu,以yǐ承chéng顺shùn天tiān命mìng。”孟mèng使shǐ友yǒu人rén内nèi官guān长zhǎng赐cì上shàng此cǐ书shū。时shí,昭zhāo帝dì幼yòu,大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng秉bǐng政zhèng,恶è之zhī,下xià其qí书shū廷tíng尉wèi。奏zòu赐cì、孟mèng妄wàng设shè袄ǎo言yán惑huò众zhòng,大dà逆nì不bù道dào,皆jiē伏fú诛zhū。后hòu五wǔ年nián,孝xiào宣xuān帝dì兴xīng于yú民mín间jiān,即jí位wèi,征zhēng孟mèng子zi为wèi郎láng。 夏xià侯hóu始shǐ昌chāng,鲁lǔ人rén也yě。通tōng《五wǔ经jīng》,以yǐ《齐qí诗shī》、《尚shàng书shū》教jiào授shòu。自zì董dǒng仲zhòng舒shū、韩hán婴yīng死sǐ后hòu,武wǔ帝dì得dé始shǐ昌chāng,甚shèn重zhòng之zhī。始shǐ昌chāng明míng于yú阴yīn阳yáng,先xiān言yán柏bǎi梁liáng台tái灾zāi曰yuē,至zhì期qī日rì果guǒ灾zāi。时shí,昌chāng邑yì王wáng以yǐ少shǎo子zǐ爱ài,上shàng为wèi选xuǎn师shī,始shǐ昌chāng为wèi太tài傅fù。年nián老lǎo,以yǐ寿shòu终zhōng。族zú子zi胜shèng亦yì以yǐ儒rú显xiǎn名míng。 夏xià侯hóu胜shèng字zì长zhǎng公gōng。初chū,鲁lǔ共gòng王wáng分fēn鲁lǔ西xī宁níng乡xiāng以yǐ封fēng子zi节jié侯hóu,别bié属shǔ大dà河hé,大dà河hé后hòu更gēng名míng东dōng平píng,故gù胜shèng为wèi东dōng平píng人rén。胜shèng少shǎo孤gū,好hào学xué,从cóng始shǐ昌chāng受shòu《尚shàng书shū》及jí《洪hóng范fàn五wǔ行xíng传chuán》,说shuō灾zāi异yì。后hòu事shì蕳jiān卿qīng,又yòu从cóng欧ōu阳yáng氏shì问wèn。为wèi学xué精jīng孰shú,所suǒ问wèn非fēi一yī师shī也yě。善shàn说shuō礼lǐ服fú。征zhēng为wèi博bó士shì、光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū。会huì昭zhāo帝dì崩bēng,昌chāng邑yì王wáng嗣sì立lì,数shù出chū。胜shèng当dāng乘shèng舆yú前qián谏jiàn曰yuē:“天tiān久jiǔ阴yīn而ér不bù雨yǔ,臣chén下xià有yǒu谋móu上shàng者zhě,陛bì下xià出chū欲yù何hé之zhī?”王wáng怒nù,谓wèi胜shèng为wèi袄ǎo言yán,缚fù以yǐ属shǔ吏lì。吏lì白bái大dà将jiāng军jūn霍huò光guāng,光guāng不bù举jǔ法fǎ。是shì时shí,光guāng与yǔ车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn张zhāng安ān世shì谋móu欲yù废fèi昌chāng邑yì王wáng。光guāng让ràng安ān世shì以yǐ为wéi泄xiè语yǔ,安ān世shì实shí不bù言yán。乃nǎi召zhào问wèn胜shèng,胜shèng对duì言yán:“在zài《洪hóng范fàn传chuán》曰yuē‘皇huáng之zhī不bù极jí,厥jué罚fá常cháng阴yīn,时shí则zé下xià人rén有yǒu伐fá上shàng者zhě’,恶è察chá察chá言yán,故gù云yún臣chén下xià有yǒu谋móu。”光guāng、安ān世shì大dà惊jīng,以yǐ此cǐ益yì重zhòng经jīng术shù士shì。后hòu十shí余yú日rì,光guāng卒zú与yǔ安ān世shì白bái太tài后hòu,废fèi昌chāng邑yì王wáng,尊zūn立lì宣xuān帝dì。光guāng以yǐ为wéi群qún臣chén奏zòu事shì东dōng宫gōng,太tài后hòu省shěng政zhèng,宜yí知zhī经jīng术shù,白bái令lìng胜shèng用yòng《尚shàng书shū》授shòu太tài后hòu。迁qiān长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ,赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,以yǐ与yǔ谋móu废fèi立lì,定dìng策cè安ān宗zōng庙miào,益yì千qiān户hù。 宣xuān帝dì初chū即jí位wèi,欲yù褒bāo先xiān帝dì,诏zhào丞chéng相xiàng御yù史shǐ曰yuē:“朕zhèn以yǐ眇miǎo身shēn,蒙méng遗yí德dé,承chéng圣shèng业yè,奉fèng宗zōng庙miào,夙sù夜yè惟wéi念niàn。孝xiào武wǔ皇huáng帝dì躬gōng仁rén谊yì,厉lì威wēi武wǔ,北běi征zhēng匈xiōng奴nú,单chán于yú远yuǎn循xún,南nán平píng氐dī羌qiāng、昆kūn明míng、瓯ōu骆luò两liǎng越yuè,东dōng定dìng 、貉háo、朝cháo鲜xiān,廓kuò地dì斥chì境jìng,立lì郡jùn县xiàn,百bǎi蛮mán率lǜ服fú,款kuǎn塞sāi自zì至zhì,珍zhēn贡gòng陈chén于yú宗zōng庙miào;协xié音yīn律lǜ,造zào乐yuè歌gē,荐jiàn上shàng帝dì,封fēng太tài山shān,立lì明míng堂táng,改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè;明míng开kāi圣shèng绪xù,尊zūn贤xián显xiǎn功gōng,兴xīng灭miè继jì绝jué,褒bāo周zhōu之zhī后hòu;备bèi天tiān地dì之zhī礼lǐ,广guǎng道dào术shù之zhī路lù。上shàng天tiān报bào况kuàng,符fú瑞ruì并bìng应yīng,宝bǎo鼎dǐng出chū,白bái麟lín获huò,海hǎi效xiào巨jù鱼yú,神shén人rén并bìng见jiàn,山shān称chēng万wàn岁suì。功gōng德dé茂mào盛shèng,不bù能néng尽jǐn宣xuān,而ér庙miào乐lè未wèi称chēng,朕zhèn甚shèn悼dào焉yān。其qí与yǔ列liè侯hóu、二èr千qiān石shí、博bó士shì议yì。”于yú是shì群qún臣chén大dà议yì廷tíng中zhōng,皆jiē曰yuē:“宣xuān如rú诏zhào书shū。”长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ胜shèng独dú曰yuē:“武wǔ帝dì虽suī有yǒu攘rǎng四sì夷yí广guǎng土tǔ斥chì境jìng之zhī功gōng,然rán多duō杀shā士shì众zhòng,竭jié民mín财cái力lì,奢shē泰tài亡wáng度dù,天tiān下xià虚xū耗hào,百bǎi姓xìng流liú离lí,物wù故gù者zhě半bàn。蝗huáng虫chóng大dà起qǐ,赤chì地dì数shù千qiān里lǐ,或huò人rén民mín相xiāng食shí,畜chù积jī至zhì今jīn未wèi复fù。亡wáng德dé泽zé于yú民mín,不bù宜yí为wèi立lì庙miào乐lè。”公gōng卿qīng共gòng难nán胜shèng曰yuē:“此cǐ诏zhào书shū也yě。”胜shèng曰yuē:“诏zhào书shū不bù可kě用yòng也yě。人rén臣chén之zhī谊yì,宜yí直zhí言yán正zhèng论lùn,非fēi苟gǒu阿ā意yì顺shùn指zhǐ。议yì已yǐ出chū口kǒu,虽suī死sǐ不bù悔huǐ。”于yú是shì丞chéng相xiàng义yì,御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū广guǎng明míng劾hé奏zòu胜shèng非fēi议yì诏zhào书shū,毁huǐ先xiān帝dì,不bù道dào,及jí丞chéng相xiàng长zhǎng史shǐ黄huáng霸bà阿ā纵zòng胜shèng,不bù举jǔ劾hé,俱jù下xià狱yù。有yǒu司sī遂suì请qǐng尊zūn孝xiào武wǔ帝dì庙miào为wèi世shì宗zōng庙miào,奏zòu《盛shèng德dé》、《文wén始shǐ》、《五wǔ行xíng》之zhī舞wǔ,天tiān下xià世shì世shì献xiàn纳nà,以yǐ明míng盛shèng德dé。武wǔ帝dì巡xún狩shòu所suǒ幸xìng郡jùn国guó凡fán四sì十shí九jiǔ,皆jiē立lì庙miào,如rú高gāo祖zǔ、太tài宗zōng焉yān。 胜shèng、霸bà既jì久jiǔ系xì,霸bà欲yù从cóng胜shèng受shòu经jīng,胜shèng辞cí以yǐ罪zuì死sǐ。霸bà曰yuē:“‘朝cháo闻wén道dào,夕xī死sǐ可kě矣yǐ’。”胜shèng贤xián其qí言yán,遂suì授shòu之zhī。系xì再zài更gèng冬dōng,讲jiǎng论lùn不bù怠dài。 至zhì四sì年nián夏xià,关guān东dōng四sì十shí九jiǔ郡jùn同tóng日rì地dì动dòng,或huò山shān崩bēng,坏huài城chéng郭guō室shì屋wū,杀shā六liù千qiān余yú人rén。上shàng乃nǎi素sù服fú,避bì正zhèng殿diàn,遣qiǎn使shǐ者zhě吊diào问wèn吏lì民mín,赐cì死sǐ者zhě棺guān钱qián。下xià诏zhào曰yuē:“盖gài灾zāi异yì者zhě,天tiān地dì之zhī戒jiè也yě。朕zhèn承chéng洪hóng业yè,托tuō士shì民mín之zhī上shàng,未wèi能néng和hé群qún生shēng。曩nǎng者zhě地dì震zhèn北běi海hǎi、琅láng邪xié,坏huài祖zǔ宗zōng庙miào,朕zhèn甚shèn惧jù焉yān。其qí与yǔ列liè侯hóu、中zhōng二èr千qiān石shí博bó问wèn术shù士shì,有yǒu以yǐ应yìng变biàn,补bǔ朕zhèn之zhī阙quē,毋wú有yǒu所suǒ讳huì。”因yīn大dà赦shè。胜shèng出chū为wèi谏jiàn大dà夫fū、给gěi事shì中zhōng,霸bà为wèi扬yáng州zhōu剌lá吏lì。 胜shèng为wéi人rén质zhì朴piáo守shǒu正zhèng,简jiǎn易yì亡wáng威wēi仪yí。见jiàn时shí谓wèi上shàng为wèi君jūn,误wù相xiāng字zì于yú前qián,上shàng亦yì以yǐ是shì亲qīn信xìn之zhī。尝cháng见jiàn,出chū道dào上shàng语yǔ,上shàng闻wén而ér让ràng胜shèng,胜shèng曰yuē:“陛bì下xià所suǒ言yán善shàn,臣chén故gù扬yáng之zhī。尧yáo言yán布bù于yú天tiān下xià,至zhì今jīn见jiàn诵sòng。臣chén以yǐ为wéi可kě传chuán,故gù传chuán耳ěr。”朝cháo廷tíng每měi有yǒu大dà议yì,上shàng知zhī胜shèng素sù直zhí,谓wèi曰yuē:“先xiān生shēng通tōng正zhèng言yán,无wú惩chéng前qián事shì。” 胜shèng复fù为wèi长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ,迁qiān太tài子zi太tài傅fù。受shòu诏zhào撰zhuàn《尚shàng书shū》、《论lún语yǔ说shuō》,赐cì黄huáng金jīn百bǎi斤jīn。年nián九jiǔ十shí卒zú官guān,赐cì冢zhǒng茔yíng,葬zàng平píng陵líng。太tài后hòu赐cì钱qián二èr百bǎi万wàn,为wèi胜shèng素sù服fú五wǔ日rì,以yǐ报bào师shī傅fù之zhī恩ēn,儒rú者zhě以yǐ为wéi荣róng。 始shǐ,胜shèng每měi讲jiǎng授shòu,常cháng谓wèi诸zhū生shēng曰yuē:“士shì病bìng不bù明míng经jīng术shù,经jīng术shù苟gǒu明míng,其qí取qǔ青qīng紫zǐ如rú俯fǔ拾shí地dì芥jiè耳ěr。学xué经jīng不bù明míng,不bù如rú归guī耕gēng。” 胜shèng从cóng父fù子zǐ建jiàn字zì长zhǎng卿qīng,自zì师shī事shì胜shèng及jí欧ōu阳yáng高gāo,左zuǒ右yòu采cǎi获huò,又yòu从cóng《五wǔ经jīng》诸zhū儒rú问wèn与yǔ《尚shàng书shū》相xiāng出chū入rù者zhě,牵qiān引yǐn以yǐ次cì章zhāng句jù,具jù文wén饰shì说shuō。胜shèng非fēi之zhī曰yuē:“建jiàn所suǒ谓wèi章zhāng句jù小xiǎo儒rú,破pò碎suì大dà道dào。”建jiàn亦yì非fēi胜shèng为wèi学xué疏shū略lüè,难nán以yǐ应yìng敌dí。建jiàn卒zú自zì颛zhuān门mén名míng经jīng,为wèi议yì郎láng、博bó士shì,至zhì太tài子zi少shǎo傅fù。胜shèng子zi兼jiān为wèi左zuǒ曹cáo太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū,孙sūn尧yáo至zhì长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ、司sī农nóng、鸿hóng胪lú,曾zēng孙sūn蕃fān郡jùn守shǒu、州zhōu牧mù、长cháng乐lè少shào府fǔ。胜shèng同tóng产chǎn弟dì子zǐ赏shǎng为wèi梁liáng内nèi史shǐ,梁liáng内nèi史shǐ子zi定dìng国guó为wèi豫yù章zhāng太tài守shǒu。而ér建jiàn子zi千qiān秋qiū亦yì为wèi少shào府fǔ、太tài子zi少shǎo傅fù。 京jīng房fáng字zì君jūn明míng,东dōng郡jùn顿dùn丘qiū人rén也yě。治zhì《易yì》,事shì梁liáng人rén焦jiāo延yán寿shòu。延yán寿shòu字zì赣gàn。赣gàn贫pín贱jiàn,以yǐ好hào学xué得dé幸xìng梁liáng王wáng。梁liáng王wáng共gòng其qí资zī用yòng,令lìng极jí意yì学xué。既jì成chéng,为wèi郡jùn史shǐ,察chá举jǔ补bǔ小xiǎo黄huáng令lìng。以yǐ候hòu司sī先xiān知zhī奸jiān邪xié,盗dào贼zéi不bù得dé发fā。爱ài养yǎng吏lì民mín,化huà行xíng县xiàn中zhōng。举jǔ最zuì当dāng迁qiān,三sān老lǎo官guān属shǔ上shàng书shū愿yuàn留liú赣gàn,有yǒu诏zhào许xǔ增zēng秩zhì留liú,卒zú于yú小xiǎo黄huáng。赣gàn常cháng曰yuē:“得dé我wǒ道dào以yǐ亡wáng身shēn者zhě,必bì京jīng生shēng也yě。”其qí说shuō长cháng于yú灾zāi变biàn,分fēn六liù十shí四sì卦guà,更gèng直zhí日rì用yòng事shì,以yǐ风fēng雨yǔ寒hán温wēn为wèi候hòu:各gè有yǒu占zhàn验yàn。房fáng用yòng之zhī尤yóu精jīng。好hǎo钟zhōng律lǜ,知zhī音yīn声shēng。初chū元yuán四sì年nián以yǐ孝xiào廉lián为wèi郎láng。 永yǒng光guāng、建jiàn昭zhāo间jiān,西xī羌qiāng反fǎn,日rì蚀shí,又yòu久jiǔ青qīng亡wáng光guāng,阴yīn雾wù不bù精jīng。房fáng数shù上shàng疏shū,先xiān言yán其qí将jiāng然rán,近jìn数shù月yuè,远yuǎn一yī岁suì,所suǒ言yán屡lǚ中zhōng,天tiān子zi说shuō之zhī。数shù召zhào见jiàn问wèn,房fáng对duì曰yuē:“古gǔ帝dì王wáng以yǐ功gōng举jǔ贤xián,则zé万wàn化huà成chéng,瑞ruì应yīng著zhù,末mò世shì以yǐ毁huǐ誉yù取qǔ人rén,故gù功gōng业yè废fèi而ér致zhì灾zāi异yì。宜yí令lìng百bǎi官guān各gè试shì其qí功gōng,灾zāi异yì可kě息xī。诏zhào使shǐ房fáng作zuò其qí事shì,房fáng奏zòu考kǎo功gōng课kè吏lì法fǎ。上shàng令lìng公gōng卿qīng朝cháo臣chén与yǔ房fáng会huì议yì温wēn室shì,皆jiē以yǐ房fáng言yán烦fán碎suì,令lìng上shàng下xià相xiāng司sī,不bù可kě许xǔ。上shàng意yì乡xiāng之zhī。时shí,部bù刺cì史shǐ奏zòu事shì京jīng师shī,上shàng召zhào见jiàn诸zhū刺cì史shǐ,令lìng房fáng晓xiǎo以yǐ课kè事shì,刺cì史shǐ复fù以yǐ为wéi不bù可kě行xíng。唯wéi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū郑zhèng私sī、光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū周zhōu堪kān初chū言yán不bù可kě,后hòu善shàn之zhī。 是shì时shí,中zhōng书shū令lìng石shí显xiǎn颛zhuān权quán,显xiǎn友yǒu人rén五wǔ鹿lù充chōng宗zōng为wèi尚shàng书shū令lìng,与yǔ房fáng同tóng经jīng,论lùn议yì相xiāng非fēi。二èr人rén用yòng事shì,房fáng尝cháng宴yàn见jiàn,问wèn上shàng曰yuē:“幽yōu、厉lì之zhī君jūn何hé以yǐ危wēi?所suǒ任rèn者zhě何hé人rén也yě?”上shàng曰yuē:“君jūn不bù明míng,而ér所suǒ任rèn者zhě巧qiǎo佞nìng。”房fáng曰yuē:“知zhī其qí巧qiǎo佞nìng而ér用yòng之zhī邪xié,将jiāng以yǐ为wéi贤xián也yě?”上shàng曰yuē:“贤xián之zhī。”房fáng曰yuē:“然rán则zé今jīn何hé以yǐ知zhī其qí不bù贤xián也yě?”上shàng曰yuē:“以yǐ其qí时shí乱luàn而ér君jūn危wēi知zhī之zhī。”房fáng曰yuē:“若ruò是shì,任rèn贤xián必bì治zhì,任rèn不bù肖xiào必bì乱luàn,必bì然rán之zhī道dào也yě。幽yōu、厉lì何hé不bù觉jué寤wù而ér更gèng求qiú贤xián,曷hé为wèi卒zú任rèn不bù肖xiào以yǐ至zhì于yú是shì?”上shàng曰yuē:“临lín乱luàn之zhī君jūn各gè贤xián其qí臣chén,令lìng皆jiē觉jué寤wù,天tiān下xià安ān得dé危wēi亡wáng之zhī君jūn?”房fáng曰yuē:“齐qí桓huán公gōng、秦qín二èr世shì亦yì尝cháng闻wén此cǐ君jūn而ér非fēi笑xiào之zhī,然rán则zé任rèn竖shù习xí、赵zhào高gāo、政zhèng治zhì日rì乱luàn,盗dào贼zéi满mǎn山shān,何hé不bù以yǐ幽yōu、厉lì卜bo之zhī而ér觉jué寤wù乎hū?”上shàng曰yuē:“唯wéi有yǒu道dào者zhě能néng以yǐ往wǎng知zhī来lái耳ěr。”房fáng因yīn免miǎn冠guān顿dùn首shǒu,曰yuē:“《春chūn秋qiū》纪jì二èr百bǎi四sì十shí二èr年nián灾zāi异yì,以yǐ视shì万wàn世shì之zhī君jūn。今jīn陛bì下xià即jí位wèi已yǐ来lái,日rì月yuè失shī明míng,星xīng辰chén逆nì行xíng,山shān崩bēng泉quán涌yǒng,地dì震zhèn石shí陨yǔn,夏xià霜shuāng冬dōng雷léi,春chūn凋diāo秋qiū荣róng,陨yǔn霜shuāng不bù杀shā,水shuǐ旱hàn螟míng虫chóng,民mín人rén饥jī疫yì,盗dào贼zéi不bù禁jīn,刑xíng人rén满mǎn市shì,《春chūn秋qiū》所suǒ记jì灾zāi异yì尽jǐn备bèi。陛bì下xià视shì今jīn为wèi治zhì邪xié,乱luàn邪xié?”上shàng曰yuē:“亦yì极jí乱luàn耳ěr。尚shàng何hé道dào!”房fáng曰yuē:“今jīn所suǒ任rèn用yòng者zhě谁shuí与yǔ?”上shàng曰yuē:“然rán幸xìng其qí愈yù于yú彼bǐ,又yòu以yǐ为wéi不bù在zài此cǐ人rén也yě。”房fáng曰yuē:“夫fū前qián世shì之zhī君jūn亦yì皆jiē然rán矣yǐ。臣chén恐kǒng后hòu之zhī视shì今jīn,犹yóu今jīn之zhī视shì前qián也yě。”上shàng良liáng久jiǔ乃nǎi曰yuē:“今jīn为wèi乱luàn者zhě谁shuí哉zāi?”房fáng曰yuē:“明míng主zhǔ宜yí自zì知zhī之zhī。”上shàng曰yuē:“不bù知zhī也yě,如rú知zhī,何hé故gù用yòng之zhī?”房fáng曰yuē:“上shàng最zuì所suǒ信xìn任rèn,与yǔ图tú事shì帷wéi幄wò之zhī中zhōng进jìn退tuì天tiān下xià之zhī士shì者zhě是shì矣yǐ。”房fáng指zhǐ谓wèi石shí显xiǎn,上shàng亦yì知zhī之zhī,谓wèi房fáng曰yuē:“已yǐ谕yù。” 房fáng罢bà出chū,后hòu上shàng令lìng房fáng上shàng弟dì子zǐ晓xiǎo知zhī考kǎo功gōng课kè吏lì事shì者zhě,欲yù试shì用yòng之zhī。房fáng上shàng中zhōng郎láng任rèn良liáng、姚yáo平píng,“愿yuàn以yǐ为wéi刺cì史shǐ,试shì考kǎo功gōng法fǎ,臣chén得dé通tōng籍jí殿diàn中zhōng,为wèi奏zòu事shì,以yǐ防fáng雍yōng塞sāi。”石shí显xiǎn、五wǔ鹿lù充chōng宗zōng皆jiē疾jí房fáng,欲yù远yuǎn之zhī,建jiàn言yán宜yí试shì以yǐ房fáng为wèi郡jùn守shǒu。元yuán帝dì于yú是shì以yǐ房fáng为wèi魏wèi郡jùn太tài守shǒu,秩zhì八bā百bǎi石shí居jū,得dé以yǐ考kǎo功gōng法fǎ治zhì郡jùn。房fáng自zì请qǐng,愿yuàn无wú属shǔ刺cì史shǐ,得dé除chú用yòng它tā郡jùn人rén,自zì第dì吏lì千qiān石shí已yǐ下xià,岁suì竟jìng乘chéng传chuán奏zòu事shì。天tiān子zi许xǔ焉yān。 房fáng自zì知zhī数shù以yǐ论lùn议yì为wèi大dà臣chén所suǒ非fēi,内nèi与yǔ石shí显xiǎn、五wǔ鹿lù充chōng宗zōng有yǒu隙xì,不bù欲yù远yuǎn离lí左zuǒ右yòu,及jí为wèi太tài守shǒu,忧yōu惧jù。房fáng以yǐ建jiàn昭zhāo二èr年nián二èr月yuè朔shuò拜bài,上shàng封fēng事shì曰yuē:“辛xīn酉yǒu已yǐ来lái,蒙méng气qì衰shuāi去qù,太tài阳yáng精jīng明míng,臣chén独dú欣xīn然rán,以yǐ为wéi陛bì下xià有yǒu所suǒ定dìng也yě。然rán少shǎo阴yīn倍bèi力lì而ér乘chéng消xiāo息xī。臣chén疑yí陛bì下xià虽suī行xíng此cǐ道dào,犹yóu不bù得dé如rú意yì,臣chén窃qiè悼dào惧jù。守shǒu阳yáng平píng侯hóu凤fèng欲yù见jiàn未wèi得dé,至zhì己jǐ卯mǎo,臣chén拜bài为wèi太tài守shǒu,此cǐ言yán上shàng虽suī明míng下xià犹yóu胜shèng之zhī效xiào也yě。臣chén出chū之zhī后hòu,恐kǒng必bì为wèi用yòng事shì所suǒ蔽bì,身shēn死sǐ而ér功gōng不bù成chéng,故gù愿yuàn岁suì尽jǐn乘chéng传chuán奏zòu事shì,蒙méng哀āi见jiàn许xǔ。乃nǎi辛xīn巳sì,蒙méng气qì复fù乘chéng卦guà,太tài阳yáng侵qīn色sè,此cǐ上shàng大dà夫fū覆fù阳yáng而ér上shàng意yì疑yí也yě。已yǐ卯mǎo、庚gēng辰chén之zhī间jiān,必bì有yǒu欲yù隔gé绝jué臣chén令lìng不bù得dé乘chéng传chuán奏zòu事shì者zhě。” 房fáng未wèi发fā,上shàng令lìng阳yáng平píng侯hóu凤fèng承chéng制zhì诏zhào房fáng,止zhǐ无wú乘chéng传chuán奏zòu事shì。房fáng意yì愈yù恐kǒng,去qù至zhì新xīn丰fēng,因yīn邮yóu上shàng封fēng事shì曰yuē:“臣chén前qián以yǐ六liù月yuè中zhōng言yán《遁dùn卦guà》不bù效xiào,法fǎ曰yuē:‘道dào人rén始shǐ去qù,寒hán,涌yǒng水shuǐ为wèi灾zāi。’至zhì其qí七qī月yuè,涌yǒng水shuǐ出chū。臣chén弟dì子zǐ姚yáo平píng谓wèi臣chén曰yuē:‘房fáng可kě谓wèi知zhī道dào,未wèi可kě谓wèi信xìn道dào也yě。房fáng言yán灾zāi异yì,未wèi尝cháng不bù中zhōng,今jīn涌yǒng水shuǐ已yǐ出chū,道dào人rén当dāng遂suì死sǐ,尚shàng复fù何hé言yán?’臣chén曰yuē:‘陛bì下xià至zhì仁rén,于yú臣chén尤yóu厚hòu,虽suī言yán而ér死sǐ,臣chén犹yóu言yán也yě。’平píng又yòu曰yuē:‘房fáng可kě谓wèi小xiǎo忠zhōng,未wèi可kě谓wèi大dà忠zhōng也yě。昔xī秦qín时shí赵zhào高gāo用yòng事shì,有yǒu正zhèng先xiān者zhě,非fēi刺cì高gāo而ér死sǐ,高gāo威wēi自zì此cǐ成chéng,故gù秦qín之zhī乱luàn,正zhèng先xiān趣qù之zhī。’今jīn臣chén得dé出chū守shǒu郡jùn,自zì诡guǐ效xiào功gōng,恐kǒng未wèi效xiào而ér死sǐ。惟wéi陛bì下xià毋wú使shǐ臣chén塞sāi涌yǒng水shuǐ之zhī异yì,当dāng正zhèng先xiān之zhī死sǐ,为wèi姚yáo平píng所suǒ笑xiào。” 房fáng至zhì陕shǎn,复fù上shàng封fēng事shì曰yuē:“乃nǎi丙bǐng戌xū小xiǎo雨yǔ,丁dīng亥hài蒙méng气qì去qù,然rán少shǎo阴yīn并bìng力lì而ér乘chéng消xiāo息xī,戊wù子zi益yì甚shèn,到dào五wǔ十shí分fēn,蒙méng气qì复fù起qǐ。此cǐ陛bì下xià欲yù正zhèng消xiāo息xī,杂zá卦guà之zhī党dǎng并bìng力lì而ér争zhēng,消xiāo息xī之zhī气qì不bù胜shèng。强qiáng弱ruò安ān危wēi之zhī机jī不bù可kě不bù察chá。己jǐ丑chǒu夜yè,有yǒu还hái风fēng,尽jǐn辛xīn卯mǎo,太tài阳yáng复fù侵qīn色sè,至zhì癸guǐ巳sì,日rì月yuè相xiàng薄báo,此cǐ邪xié阴yīn同tóng力lì而ér太tài阳yáng为wèi之zhī疑yí也yě。臣chén前qián白bái九jiǔ年nián不bù改gǎi,必bì有yǒu星xīng亡wáng之zhī异yì。臣chén愿yuàn出chū任rèn良liáng试shì考kǎo功gōng,臣chén得dé居jū内nèi,星xīng亡wáng之zhī异yì可kě去qù。议yì者zhě知zhī如rú此cǐ于yú身shēn不bù利lì,臣chén不bù可kě蔽bì,故gù云yún使shǐ弟dì子zǐ不bù若ruò试shì师shī。臣chén为wèi刺cì史shǐ又yòu当dāng奏zòu事shì,故gù复fù云yún为wèi刺cì史shǐ恐kǒng太tài守shǒu不bù与yǔ同tóng心xīn,不bù若ruò以yǐ为wéi太tài守shǒu,此cǐ其qí所suǒ以yǐ隔gé绝jué臣chén也yě。陛bì下xià不bù违wéi其qí言yán而ér遂suì听tīng之zhī,此cǐ乃nǎi蒙méng气qì所suǒ以yǐ不bù解jiě,太tài阳yáng亡wáng色sè者zhě也yě。臣chén去qù朝cháo稍shāo远yuǎn,太tài阳yáng侵qīn色sè益yì甚shèn,唯wéi陛bì下xià毋wú难nán还hái臣chén而ér易yì逆nì天tiān意yì。邪xié说shuō虽suī安ān于yú人rén,天tiān气qì必bì变biàn,故gù人rén可kě欺qī,天tiān不bù可kě欺qī也yě,愿yuàn陛bì下xià察chá焉yān。”房fáng去qù月yuè余yú,竟jìng征zhēng下xià狱yù。 初chū,淮huái阳yáng宪xiàn王wáng舅jiù张zhāng博bó从cóng房fáng受shòu学xué,以yǐ女nǚ妻qī房fáng。房fáng与yǔ相xiāng亲qīn,每měi朝cháo见jiàn,辄zhé为wèi博bó道dào其qí语yǔ,以yǐ为wéi上shàng意yì欲yù用yòng房fáng议yì,而ér群qún臣chén恶è其qí害hài己jǐ,故gù为wèi众zhòng所suǒ排pái。博bó曰yuē:“淮huái阳yáng王wáng上shàng亲qīn弟dì,敏mǐn达dá好hǎo政zhèng,欲yù为wèi国guó忠zhōng。今jīn欲yù令lìng王wáng上shàng书shū求qiú入rù朝cháo,得dé佐zuǒ助zhù房fáng。”房fáng曰yuē:“得dé无wú不bù可kě?”博bó曰yuē:“前qián楚chǔ王wáng朝cháo荐jiàn士shì,何hé为wèi不bù可kě?”房fáng曰yuē:“中zhōng书shū令lìng石shí显xiǎn、尚shàng书shū令lìng五wǔ鹿lù君jūn相xiāng与yǔ合hé同tóng,巧qiǎo佞nìng之zhī人rén也yě,事shì县xiàn官guān十shí余yú年nián;及jí丞chéng相xiàng韦wéi侯hóu,皆jiē久jiǔ亡wáng补bǔ于yú民mín,可kě谓wèi亡wáng功gōng矣yǐ。此cǐ尤yóu不bù欲yù行xíng考kǎo功gōng者zhě也yě。淮huái阳yáng王wáng即jí朝cháo见jiàn,劝quàn上shàng行háng考kǎo功gōng,事shì善shàn;不bù然rán,但dàn言yán丞chéng相xiàng、中zhōng书shū令lìng任rèn事shì久jiǔ而ér不bù治zhì,可kě休xiū丞chéng相xiàng,以yǐ御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū郑zhèng弘hóng代dài之zhī,迁qiān中zhōng书shū令lìng置zhì他tā官guān,以yǐ钩gōu盾dùn令lìng徐xú立lì代dài之zhī,如rú此cǐ,房fáng考kǎo功gōng事shì得dé施shī行xíng矣yǐ。”博bó具jù从cóng房fáng记jì诸zhū所suǒ说shuō灾zāi异yì事shì,因yīn令lìng房fáng为wèi淮huái阳yáng王wáng作zuò求qiú朝cháo奏zòu草cǎo,皆jiē持chí柬jiǎn与yǔ淮huái阳yáng王wáng。石shí显xiǎn微wēi司sī具jù知zhī之zhī,以yǐ房fáng亲qīn近jìn,未wèi敢gǎn言yán。及jí房fáng出chū守shǒu郡jùn,显xiǎn告gào房fáng与yǔ张zhāng博bó通tōng谋móu,非fēi谤bàng政zhèng治zhì,归guī恶è天tiān子zi,诖guà误wù诸zhū侯hóu王wáng,语yǔ在zài《宪xiàn王wáng传chuán》。初chū,房fáng见jiàn道dào幽yōu、厉lì事shì,出chū为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū郑zhèng弘hóng言yán之zhī。房fáng、博bó皆jiē弃qì市shì,弘hóng坐zuò免miǎn为wèi庶shù人rén。房fáng本běn姓xìng李lǐ,推tuī律lǜ自zì定dìng为wèi京jīng氏shì,死sǐ时shí年nián四sì十shí一yī。 翼yì奉fèng字zì少shǎo君jūn,东dōng海hǎi下xià邳pī人rén也yě。治zhì《齐qí诗shī》,与yǔ萧xiāo望wàng之zhī、匡kuāng衡héng同tóng师shī。三sān人rén经jīng术shù皆jiē明míng,衡héng为wèi后hòu进jìn,望wàng之zhī施shī之zhī政zhèng事shì,而ér奉fèng惇dūn学xué不bù仕shì,好hǎo律lǜ历lì阴yīn阳yáng之zhī占zhàn。元yuán帝dì初chū即jí位wèi,诸zhū儒rú荐jiàn之zhī,征zhēng待dài诏zhào宦huàn者zhě署shǔ,数shù言yán事shì宴yàn见jiàn,天tiān子zi敬jìng焉yān。 时shí,平píng昌chāng侯hóu王wáng临lín以yǐ宣xuān帝dì外wài属shǔ侍shì中zhōng,称chēng诏zhào欲yù从cóng奉fèng学xué其qí术shù。奉fèng不bù肯kěn与yǔ言yán,而ér上shàng封fēng事shì曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén之zhī于yú师shī,治zhì道dào要yào务wù,在zài知zhī下xià之zhī邪xié正zhèng。人rén诚chéng乡xiāng正zhèng,虽suī愚yú为wèi用yòng;若ruò乃nǎi怀huái邪xié,知zhī益yì为wéi害hài。知zhī下xià之zhī术shù,在zài于yú六liù情qíng十shí二èr律lǜ而ér已yǐ。北běi方fāng之zhī情qíng,好hǎo也yě;好hǎo行xíng贪tān狼láng,申shēn子zi主zhǔ之zhī。东dōng方fāng之zhī情qíng,怒nù也yě;怒nù行xíng阴yīn贼zéi,亥hài卯mǎo主zhǔ之zhī。贪tān狼láng必bì待dài阴yīn贼zéi而ér后hòu动dòng,阴yīn贼zéi必bì待dài贪tān狼láng而ér后hòu用yòng,二èr阴yīn并bìng行xíng,是shì以yǐ王wáng者zhě忌jì子zi卯mǎo也yě。《礼lǐ经jīng》避bì之zhī,《春chūn秋qiū》讳huì焉yān。南nán方fāng之zhī情qíng,恶è也yě;恶è行xíng廉lián贞zhēn,寅yín午wǔ主zhǔ之zhī。西xī方fāng之zhī情qíng,喜xǐ也yě;喜xǐ行xíng宽kuān大dà,已yǐ酉yǒu主zhǔ之zhī。二èr阳yáng并bìng行xíng,是shì以yǐ王wáng者zhě吉jí午wǔ酉yǒu也yě。《诗shī》曰yuē:‘吉jí日rì庚gēng午wǔ。’上shàng方fāng之zhī情qíng,乐lè也yě;乐lè行xíng奸jiān邪xié,辰chén未wèi主zhǔ之zhī。下xià方fāng之zhī情qíng,哀āi也yě;哀āi行xíng公gōng正zhèng,戌xū丑chǒu主zhǔ之zhī。辰chén未wèi属shǔ阴yīn,戌xū丑chǒu属shǔ阳yáng,万wàn物wù各gè以yǐ其qí类lèi应yīng。今jīn陛bì下xià明míng圣shèng虚xū静jìng以yǐ待dài物wù至zhì,万wàn事shì虽suī众zhòng,何hé闻wén而ér不bù谕yù,岂qǐ况kuàng乎hū执zhí十shí二èr律lǜ而ér御yù六liù情qíng!于yú以yǐ知zhī下xià参cān实shí,亦yì甚shèn优yōu矣yǐ,万wàn不bù失shī一yī,自zì然rán之zhī道dào也yě。乃nǎi正zhēng月yuè癸guǐ未wèi日rì加jiā申shēn,有yǒu暴bào风fēng从cóng西xī南nán来lái。未wèi主zhǔ奸jiān邪xié,申shēn主zhǔ贪tān狼láng,风fēng以yǐ大dà阴yīn下xià抵dǐ建jiàn前qián,是shì人rén主zhǔ左zuǒ右yòu邪xié臣chén之zhī气qì也yě。平píng昌chāng侯hóu比bǐ三sān来lái见jiàn臣chén,皆jiē以yǐ正zhèng辰chén加jiā邪xié时shí。辰chén为wèi客kè,时shí为wéi主zhǔ人rén。以yǐ律lǜ知zhī人rén情qíng,王wáng者zhě之zhī秘mì道dào也yě,愚yú臣chén诚chéng不bù敢gǎn以yǐ语yǔ邪xié人rén。” 上shàng以yǐ奉fèng为wéi中zhōng郎láng,召zhào问wèn奉fèng:“来lái者zhě以yǐ善shàn日rì邪xié时shí,孰shú与yǔ邪xié日rì善shàn时shí?”奉fèng对duì曰yuē:“师shī法fǎ用yòng辰chén不bù用yòng日rì。辰chén为wèi客kè,时shí为wéi主zhǔ人rén。见jiàn于yú明míng主zhǔ,侍shì者zhě为wéi主zhǔ人rén。辰chén正zhèng时shí邪xié,见jiàn者zhě正zhèng,侍shì者zhě邪xié;辰chén邪xié时shí正zhèng,见jiàn者zhě邪xié,侍shì者zhě正zhèng。忠zhōng正zhèng之zhī见jiàn,侍shì者zhě虽suī邪xié,辰chén时shí俱jù正zhèng;大dà邪xié之zhī见jiàn,侍shì者zhě虽suī正zhèng,辰chén时shí俱jù邪xié。即jí以yǐ自zì知zhī侍shì者zhě之zhī邪xié,而ér时shí邪xié辰chén正zhèng,见jiàn者zhě反fǎn邪xié;即jí以yǐ自zì知zhī侍shì者zhě之zhī正zhèng,而ér时shí正zhèng辰chén邪xié,见jiàn者zhě反fǎn正zhèng。辰chén为wèi常cháng事shì,时shí为wèi一yī行xíng。辰chén疏shū而ér时shí精jīng,其qí效xiào同tóng功gōng,必bì参cān五wǔ观guān之zhī,然rán后hòu可kě知zhī。故gù曰yuē:察chá其qí所suǒ繇yáo,省shěng其qí进jìn退tuì,参cān之zhī六liù合hé五wǔ行xíng,则zé可kě以yǐ见jiàn人rén性xìng,知zhī人rén情qíng。难nán用yòng外wài察chá,从cóng中zhōng甚shèn明míng,故gù诗shī之zhī为wèi学xué,情qíng性xìng而ér已yǐ。五wǔ性xìng不bù相xiāng害hài,六liù情qíng更gèng兴xīng废fèi。观guān性xìng以yǐ历lì,观guān情qíng以yǐ律lǜ,明míng主zhǔ所suǒ宜yí独dú用yòng,难nán与yǔ二èr人rén共gòng也yě。故gù曰yuē:‘显xiǎn诸zhū仁rén,臧zāng诸zhū用yòng。’露lù之zhī则zé不bù神shén,独dú行xíng则zé自zì然rán矣yǐ,唯wéi奉fèng能néng用yòng之zhī,学xué者zhě莫mò能néng行xíng。” 是shì岁suì,关guān东dōng大dà水shuǐ,郡jùn国guó十shí一yī饥jī,疫yì尤yóu甚shèn。上shàng乃nǎi下xià诏zhào江jiāng海hǎi陂bēi湖hú园yuán池chí属shǔ少shào府fǔ者zhě以yǐ假jiǎ贫pín民mín,勿wù租zū税shuì;损sǔn大dà官guān膳shàn,减jiǎn乐yuè府fǔ员yuán,损sǔn苑yuàn马mǎ,诸zhū官guān馆guǎn稀xī御yù幸xìng者zhě勿wù缮shàn治zhì;太tài仆pū、少shào府fǔ减jiǎn食shí谷gǔ马mǎ,水shuǐ衡héng省shěng食shí肉ròu兽shòu。明míng年nián二èr月yuè戊wù午wǔ,地dì震zhèn。其qí夏xià,刘liú地dì人rén相xiāng食shí。七qī月yuè己jǐ酉yǒu,地dì复fù震zhèn。上shàng曰yuē:“盖gài闻wén贤xián圣shèng在zài位wèi,阴yīn阳yáng和hé,风fēng雨yǔ时shí,日rì月yuè光guāng,星xīng辰chén静jìng,黎lí庶shù康kāng宁níng,考kǎo终zhōng厥jué命mìng。今jīn朕zhèn共gòng承chéng天tiān地dì,托tuō于yú公gōng侯hóu之zhī上shàng,明míng不bù能néng烛zhú,德dé不bù能néng绥suí,灾zāi异yì并bìng臻zhēn,连lián年nián不bù息xī。乃nǎi二èr月yuè戊wù午wǔ,地dì大dà震zhèn于yú陇lǒng西xī郡jùn,毁huǐ落luò太tài上shàng皇huáng庙miào殿diàn壁bì木mù饰shì,坏huài败bài 道dào县xiàn城chéng郭guō官guān寺sì及jí民mín室shì屋wū,厌yàn杀shā人rén众zhòng,山shān崩bēng地dì裂liè,水shuǐ泉quán涌yǒng出chū。一yī年nián地dì再zài动dòng,天tiān惟wéi降jiàng灾zāi,震zhèn惊jīng朕zhèn躬gōng。治zhì有yǒu大dà亏kuī,咎jiù至zhì于yú此cǐ。夙sù夜yè兢jīng兢jīng,不bù通tōng大dà变biàn,深shēn怀huái郁yù悼dào,未wèi知zhī其qí序xù。比bǐ年nián不bù登dēng,元yuán元yuán因yīn乏fá,不bù胜shèng饥jī寒hán,以yǐ陷xiàn刑xíng辟pì,朕zhèn甚shèn闵mǐn焉yān, 怛dá于yú心xīn。已yǐ诏zhào吏lì虚xū仓cāng廪lǐn,开kāi府fǔ臧zāng,振zhèn救jiù贫pín民mín,群qún司sī其qí茂mào思sī天tiān地dì之zhī戒jiè,有yǒu可kě蠲juān除chú减jiǎn省shěng以yǐ便biàn万wàn姓xìng者zhě,各gè条tiáo奏zòu。悉xī意yì陈chén朕zhèn过guò失shī,靡mí有yǒu所suǒ讳huì。”因yīn赦shè天tiān下xià,举jǔ直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn之zhī士shì。奉fèng奏zòu封fēng事shì曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén之zhī于yú师shī曰yuē,天tiān地dì设shè位wèi,悬xuán日rì月yuè,布bù星xīng辰chén,分fēn阴yīn阳yáng,定dìng四sì时shí,列liè五wǔ行xíng,以yǐ视shì圣shèng人rén,名míng之zhī曰yuē道dào。圣shèng人rén见jiàn道dào,然rán后hòu知zhī王wáng治zhì之zhī象xiàng,故gù画huà州zhōu土tǔ,建jiàn君jūn臣chén,立lì律lǜ历lì,陈chén成chéng败bài,以yǐ视shì贤xián者zhě,名míng之zhī曰yuē经jīng。贤xián者zhě见jiàn经jīng,然rán后hòu知zhī人rén道dào之zhī务wù,则zé《诗shī》、《书shū》、《易yì》、《春chūn秋qiū》、《礼lǐ》、《乐lè》是shì也yě。《易yì》有yǒu阴yīn阳yáng,《诗shī》有yǒu五wǔ际jì,《春chūn秋qiū》有yǒu灾zāi异yì,皆jiē列liè终zhōng始shǐ,推tuī得dé失shī,考kǎo天tiān心xīn,以yǐ言yán王wáng道dào之zhī安ān危wēi。至zhì秦qín乃nǎi不bù说shuō,伤shāng之zhī以yǐ法fǎ,是shì以yǐ大dà道dào不bù通tōng,至zhì于yú灭miè亡wáng。今jīn陛bì下xià明míng圣shèng,深shēn怀huái要yào道dào,烛zhú临lín万wàn方fāng,布bù德dé流liú惠huì,靡mí有yǒu阙quē遗yí。罢bà省shěng不bù急jí之zhī用yòng,振zhèn救jiù困kùn贫pín,赋fù医yī药yào,赐cì棺guān钱qián,恩ēn泽zé甚shèn厚hòu。又yòu举jǔ直zhí言yán,求qiú过guò失shī,盛shèng德dé纯chún备bèi,天tiān下xià幸xìng甚shèn。 臣chén奉fèng窃qiè学xué《齐qí诗shī》,闻wén五wǔ际jì之zhī要yào《十shí月yuè之zhī交jiāo》篇piān,知zhī日rì蚀shí、地dì震zhèn之zhī效xiào昭zhāo然rán可kě明míng,犹yóu巢cháo居jū知zhī风fēng,穴xué处chù知zhī雨yǔ,亦yì不bù足zú多duō,适shì所suǒ习xí耳ěr。臣chén闻wén人rén气qì内nèi逆nì,则zé感gǎn动dòng天tiān地dì;天tiān变biàn见jiàn于yú星xīng气qì日rì蚀shí,地dì变biàn见jiàn于yú奇qí物wù震zhèn动dòng。所suǒ以yǐ然rán者zhě,阳yáng用yòng其qí精jīng,阴yīn用yòng其qí形xíng,犹yóu人rén之zhī有yǒu五wǔ脏zàng六liù体tǐ,五wǔ脏zàng象xiàng天tiān,六liù体tǐ象xiàng地dì。故gù脏zàng病bìng则zé气qì色sè发fā于yú面miàn,体tǐ病bìng则zé欠qiàn申shēn动dòng于yú貌mào。今jīn年nián太tài阴yīn建jiàn于yú甲jiǎ戌xū,律lǜ以yǐ庚gēng寅yín初chū用yòng事shì,历lì以yǐ甲jiǎ午wǔ从cóng春chūn。历lì中zhōng甲jiǎ庚gēng,历lì得dé参cān阳yáng,性xìng中zhōng仁rén义yì,情qíng得dé公gōng正zhèng贞zhēn廉lián,百bǎi年nián之zhī精jīng岁suì也yě。正zhèng以yǐ精jīng岁suì,本běn首shǒu王wáng位wèi,日rì临lín中zhōng时shí接jiē律lǜ而ér地dì大dà震zhèn,其qí后hòu连lián月yuè久jiǔ阴yīn,虽suī有yǒu大dà令lìng,犹yóu不bù能néng复fù,阴yīn气qì盛shèng矣yǐ。古gǔ者zhě朝cháo廷tíng必bì有yǒu同tóng姓xìng以yǐ明míng亲qīn亲qīn,必bì有yǒu异yì姓xìng以yǐ明míng贤xián贤xián,此cǐ圣shèng王wáng之zhī所suǒ以yǐ大dà通tōng天tiān下xià也yě。同tóng姓xìng亲qīn而ér易yì进jìn,异yì姓xìng疏shū而ér难nán通tōng,故gù同tóng姓xìng一yī,异yì姓xìng五wǔ,乃nǎi为wèi平píng均jūn。今jīn左zuǒ右yòu亡wáng同tóng姓xìng,独dú以yǐ舅jiù后hòu之zhī家jiā为wèi亲qīn,异yì姓xìng之zhī臣chén又yòu疏shū。二èr后hòu之zhī党dǎng满mǎn朝cháo,非fēi特tè处chù位wèi,势shì尤yóu奢shē僭jiàn过guò度dù,吕lǚ、霍huò、上shàng官guān足zú以yǐ卜bo之zhī,甚shèn非fēi爱ài人rén之zhī道dào,又yòu非fēi后hòu嗣sì之zhī长cháng策cè也yě。阴yīn气qì之zhī盛shèng,不bù亦yì宜yí乎hū! 臣chén又yòu闻wén未wèi央yāng、建jiàn章zhāng、甘gān泉quán宫gōng才cái人rén各gè以yǐ百bǎi数shù,皆jiē不bù得dé天tiān性xìng。若ruò杜dù陵líng园yuán,其qí已yǐ御yù见jiàn者zhě,臣chén子zi不bù敢gǎn有yǒu言yán,虽suī然rán,太tài皇huáng太tài后hòu之zhī事shì也yě。及jí诸zhū侯hóu王wáng园yuán,与yǔ其qí后hòu宫gōng,宜yí为wèi设shè员yuán,出chū其qí过guò制zhì者zhě,此cǐ损sǔn阴yīn气qì应yīng天tiān救jiù邪xié之zhī道dào也yě。今jīn异yì至zhì不bù应yīng,灾zāi将jiāng随suí之zhī。其qí法fǎ大dà水shuǐ,极jí阴yīn生shēng阳yáng,反fǎn为wèi大dà旱hàn,甚shèn则zé有yǒu火huǒ灾zāi,春chūn秋qiū宋sòng伯bó姬jī是shì矣yǐ。唯wéi陛bì下xià财cái察chá。 明míng年nián夏xià四sì月yuè乙yǐ未wèi,孝xiào武wǔ园yuán白bái鹤hè馆guǎn灾zāi。奉fèng自zì以yǐ为wéi中zhōng,上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“臣chén前qián上shàng五wǔ际jì地dì震zhèn之zhī效xiào,曰yuē极jí阴yīn生shēng阳yáng,恐kǒng有yǒu火huǒ灾zāi。不bù合hé明míng听tīng,未wèi见jiàn省shěng答dá,臣chén窃qiè内nèi不bù自zì信xìn。今jīn白bái鹤hè馆guǎn以yǐ四sì月yuè乙yǐ未wèi,时shí加jiā于yú卯mǎo,月yuè宿sù亢kàng灾zāi,与yǔ前qián地dì震zhèn同tóng法fǎ。臣chén奉fèng乃nǎi深shēn知zhī道dào之zhī可kě信xìn也yě。不bù胜shèng拳quán拳quán,愿yuàn复fù赐cì间jiān,卒zú其qí终zhōng始shǐ。” 上shàng复fù延yán问wèn以yǐ得dé失shī。奉fèng以yǐ为wéi祭jì天tiān地dì于yú云yún阳yáng汾fén阴yīn,及jí诸zhū寝qǐn庙miào不bù以yǐ亲qīn疏shū迭dié毁huǐ,皆jiē烦fán费fèi,违wéi古gǔ制zhì。又yòu宫gōng室shì苑yuàn囿yòu,奢shē泰tài难nán供gōng,以yǐ故gù民mín困kùn国guó虚xū,亡wáng累lèi年nián之zhī畜chù。所suǒ繇yáo来lái久jiǔ,不bù改gǎi其qí本běn,难nán以yǐ末mò正zhèng,乃nǎi上shàng疏shū曰yuē: 臣chén闻wén昔xī者zhě盘pán庚gēng改gǎi邑yì以yǐ兴xīng殷yīn道dào,圣shèng人rén美měi之zhī。窃qiè闻wén汉hàn德dé隆lóng盛shèng,在zài于yú孝xiào文wén皇huáng帝dì躬gōng行xíng节jié俭jiǎn,外wài省shěng徭yáo役yì。其qí时shí未wèi有yǒu甘gān泉quán、建jiàn章zhāng及jí上shàng林lín中zhōng诸zhū离lí宫gōng馆guǎn也yě。未wèi央yāng宫gōng又yòu无wú高gāo门mén、武wǔ台tái、麒qí麟lín、凤fèng皇huáng、白bái虎hǔ、玉yù堂táng、金jīn华huá之zhī殿diàn,独dú有yǒu前qián殿diàn、曲qū台tái、渐jiàn台tái、宣xuān室shì、温wēn室shì、承chéng明míng耳ěr。孝xiào文wén欲yù作zuò一yī台tái,度dù用yòng百bǎi金jīn,重zhòng民mín之zhī财cái,废fèi而ér不bù为wèi,其qí积jī土tǔ基jī,至zhì今jīn犹yóu存cún,又yòu下xià遗yí诏zhào,不bù起qǐ山shān坟fén。故gù其qí时shí天tiān下xià大dà和hé,百bǎi姓xìng洽qià足zú,德dé流liú后hòu嗣sì。 如rú令lìng处chǔ于yú当dāng今jīn,因yīn此cǐ制zhì度dù,必bì不bù能néng成chéng功gōng名míng。天tiān道dào有yǒu常cháng,王wáng道dào亡wáng常cháng,亡wáng常cháng者zhě所suǒ以yǐ应yīng有yǒu常cháng也yě。必bì有yǒu非fēi常cháng之zhī主zhǔ,然rán后hòu能néng立lì非fēi常cháng之zhī功gōng。臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià徙xǐ都dōu于yú成chéng周zhōu,左zuǒ据jù成chéng皋gāo,右yòu阻zǔ黾mǐn池chí,前qián乡xiāng崧sōng高gāo,后hòu介jiè大dà河hé,建jiàn荥xíng阳yáng,扶fú河hé东dōng,南nán北běi千qiān里lǐ以yǐ为wéi关guān,而ér入rù敖áo仓cāng;地dì方fāng百bǎi里lǐ者zhě八bā九jiǔ,足zú以yǐ自zì娱yú;东dōng厌yàn诸zhū侯hóu之zhī权quán,西xī远yuǎn羌qiāng胡hú之zhī难nán,陛bì下xià共gòng已yǐ亡wáng为wèi,按àn成chéng周zhōu之zhī居jū,兼jiān盘pán庚gēng之zhī德dé,万wàn岁suì之zhī后hòu,长zhǎng为wèi高gāo宗zōng。汉hàn家jiā郊jiāo兆zhào寝qǐn庙miào祭jì祀sì之zhī礼lǐ多duō不bù应yīng古gǔ,臣chén奉fèng诚chéng难nán亶dǎn居jū而ér改gǎi作zuò,故gù愿yuàn陛bì下xià迁qiān都dū正zhèng本běn。众zhòng制zhì皆jiē定dìng,亡wáng复fù缮shàn治zhì宫gōng馆guǎn不bù急jí之zhī费fèi,岁suì可kě余yú一yī年nián之zhī畜chù。 臣chén闻wén三sān代dài之zhī祖zǔ积jī德dé以yǐ王wáng,然rán皆jiē不bù过guò数shù百bǎi年nián而ér绝jué。周zhōu至zhì成chéng王wáng,有yǒu上shàng贤xián之zhī材cái,因yīn文wén、武wǔ之zhī业yè,以yǐ周zhōu、召zhào为wèi辅fǔ,有yǒu司sī各gè敬jìng其qí事shì,在zài位wèi莫mò非fēi其qí人rén。天tiān下xià甫fǔ二èr世shì耳ěr,然rán周zhōu公gōng犹yóu作zuò诗shī、书shū深shēn戒jiè成chéng王wáng,以yǐ恐kǒng失shī天tiān下xià。《书shū》则zé曰yuē:“王wáng毋wú若ruò殷yīn王wáng纣zhòu。”其qí《诗shī》则zé曰yuē:“殷yīn之zhī未wèi丧sàng师shī,克kè配pèi上shàng帝dì;宜yí监jiān于yú殿diàn,骏jùn命mìng不bù易yì。”今jīn汉hàn初chū取qǔ天tiān下xià,起qǐ于yú丰fēng沛pèi,以yǐ兵bīng征zhēng伐fá,德dé化huà未wèi洽qià,后hòu世shì奢shē侈chǐ,国guó家jiā之zhī费fèi当dāng数shù代dài之zhī用yòng,非fēi直zhí费fèi财cái,又yòu乃nǎi费fèi士shì。孝xiào武wǔ之zhī世shì,暴bào骨gǔ四sì夷yí,不bù可kě胜shèng数shǔ。有yǒu天tiān下xià虽suī未wèi久jiǔ,至zhì于yú陛bì下xià八bā世shì九jiǔ主zhǔ矣yǐ,虽suī有yǒu成chéng王wáng之zhī明míng,然rán亡wáng周zhōu、召zhào之zhī佐zuǒ。今jīn东dōng方fāng连lián年nián饥jī馑jǐn,加jiā之zhī以yǐ疾jí疫yì,百bǎi姓xìng菜cài色sè,或huò至zhì相xiāng食shí。地dì比bǐ震zhèn动dòng,天tiān气qì混hùn浊zhuó,日rì光guāng侵qīn夺duó。繇yáo此cǐ言yán之zhī,执zhí国guó政zhèng者zhě岂qǐ可kě以yǐ不bù怀huái怵chù惕tì而ér戒jiè万wàn分fēn之zhī一yī乎hū!故gù臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià因yīn天tiān变biàn而ér徙xǐ都dōu,所suǒ谓wèi与yǔ天tiān下xià更gēng始shǐ者zhě也yě。天tiān道dào终zhōng而ér复fù始shǐ,穷qióng则zé反fǎn本běn,故gù能néng延yán长cháng而ér亡wáng穷qióng也yě。今jīn汉hàn道dào未wèi终zhōng,陛bì下xià本běn而ér始shǐ之zhī,于yú以yǐ永yǒng世shì延yán祚zuò,不bù亦yì优yōu乎hū!如rú因yīn丙bǐng子zi之zhī孟mèng夏xià,顺shùn太tài阴yīn以yǐ东dōng行xíng,到dào后hòu七qī年nián之zhī明míng岁suì,必bì有yǒu五wǔ年nián之zhī余yú蓄xù,然rán后hòu大dà行xíng考kǎo室shì之zhī礼lǐ,虽suī周zhōu之zhī隆lóng盛shèng,亡wáng以yǐ加jiā此cǐ。唯wéi陛bì下xià留liú神shén,详xiáng察chá万wàn世shì之zhī策cè。 书shū奏zòu,天tiān子zi异yì其qí意yì,答dá曰yuē:“问wèn奉fèng:今jīn园yuán庙miào有yǒu七qī,云yún东dōng徙xǐ,状zhuàng何hé如rú?”奉fèng对duì曰yuē“昔xī成chéng王wáng徙xǐ洛luò,般bān庚gēng迁qiān殷yīn,其qí所suǒ避bì就jiù,皆jiē陛bì下xià所suǒ明míng知zhī也yě。非fēi有yǒu圣shèng明míng,不bù能néng一yī变biàn天tiān下xià之zhī道dào。臣chén奉fèng愚yú戆gàng狂kuáng惑huò,唯wéi陛bì下xià裁cái赦shè。” 其qí后hòu,贡gòng禹yǔ亦yì言yán当dāng定dìng迭dié毁huǐ礼lǐ,上shàng遂suì从cóng之zhī。及jí匡kuāng衡héng为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,奏zòu徙xǐ南nán北běi郊jiāo,其qí议yì皆jiē自zì奉fèng发fā之zhī。 奉fèng以yǐ中zhōng郎láng为wèi博bó士shì、谏jiàn大dà夫fū,年nián老lǎo以yǐ寿shòu终zhōng。子zi及jí孙sūn,皆jiē以yǐ学xué在zài儒rú官guān。 李lǐ寻xún字zì子zi长zhǎng,平píng陵líng人rén也yě。治zhì《尚shàng书shū》,与yǔ张zhāng孺rú、郑zhèng宽kuān中zhōng同tóng师shī。宽kuān中zhōng等děng守shǒu师shī法fǎ教jiào授shòu,寻xún独dú好hǎo《洪hóng范fàn》灾zāi异yì,又yòu学xué天tiān文wén月yuè令lìng阴yīn阳yáng。事shì丞chéng相xiàng翟dí方fāng进jìn,方fāng进jìn亦yì善shàn为wèi星xīng历lì,除chú寻xún为wèi吏lì,数shù为wèi翟dí侯hóu言yán事shì。帝dì舅jiù曲qū阳yáng侯hóu王wáng根gēn为wèi大dà司sī马mǎ票piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn,厚hòu遇yù寻xún。是shì时shí多duō灾zāi异yì,根gēn辅fǔ政zhèng,数shù虚xū己jǐ问wèn寻xún。寻xún见jiàn汉hàn家jiā有yǒu中zhōng衰shuāi厄è会huì之zhī象xiàng,其qí意yì以yǐ为wéi且qiě有yǒu洪hóng水shuǐ为wèi灾zāi,乃nǎi说shuō根gēn曰yuē: 《书shū》云yún“天tiān聪cōng明míng”,盖gài言yán紫zǐ宫gōng极jí枢shū,通tōng位wèi帝dì纪jì,太tài微wēi四sì门mén,广guǎng开kāi大dà道dào,五wǔ经jīng六liù纬wěi,尊zūn术shù显xiǎn士shì,翼yì张zhāng舒shū布bù,烛zhú临lín四sì海hǎi,少shǎo微wēi处chǔ士shì,为wèi比bǐ为wèi辅fǔ,故gù次cì帝dì廷tíng,女nǚ宫gōng在zài后hòu。圣shèng人rén承chéng天tiān,贤xián贤xián易yì色sè,取qǔ法fǎ于yú此cǐ。天tiān官guān上shàng相xiàng上shàng将jiàng,皆jiē颛zhuān面miàn正zhèng朝cháo,忧yōu责zé甚shèn重zhòng,要yào在zài得dé人rén。得dé人rén之zhī效xiào,成chéng败bài之zhī机jī,不bù可kě不bù勉miǎn也yě。昔xī秦qín穆mù公gōng说shuō諓jiàn々之zhī言yán,任rèn仡gē仡gē之zhī勇yǒng,身shēn受shòu大dà辱rǔ,社shè稷jì几jǐ亡wáng。悔huǐ过guò自zì责zé,思sī惟wéi黄huáng发fā,任rèn用yòng百bǎi里lǐ奚xī,卒zú伯bó西xī域yù,德dé列liè王wáng道dào。二èr者zhě祸huò福fú如rú此cǐ,可kě不bù慎shèn哉zāi! 夫fū士shì者zhě,国guó家jiā之zhī大dà宝bǎo,功gōng名míng之zhī本běn也yě。将jiāng军jūn一yī门mén九jiǔ候hòu,二èr十shí硃zhū轮lún,汉hàn兴xīng以yǐ来lái,臣chén子zi贵guì盛shèng,未wèi尝cháng至zhì此cǐ。夫fū物wù盛shèng必bì衰shuāi,自zì然rán之zhī理lǐ,唯wéi有yǒu贤xián友yǒu强qiáng辅fǔ,庶shù几jǐ可kě以yǐ保bǎo身shēn命mìng,全quán子zǐ孙sūn,安ān国guó家jiā。 《书shū》曰yuē:“历lì象xiàng日rì月yuè星xīng辰chén”,此cǐ言yán仰yǎng视shì天tiān文wén,俯fǔ察chá地dì理lǐ,观guān日rì月yuè消xiāo息xī,侯hóu星xīng辰chén行háng伍wǔ,揆kuí山shān川chuān变biàn动dòng,参cān人rén民mín谣yáo俗sú,以yǐ制zhì法fǎ度dù,考kǎo祸huò福fú。举jǔ措cuò悖bèi逆nì,咎jiù败bài将jiàng至zhì,征zhēng兆zhào为wèi之zhī先xiān见jiàn。明míng君jūn恐kǒng惧jù修xiū正zhèng,侧cè身shēn博bó问wèn,转zhuǎn祸huò为wéi福fú;不bù可kě救jiù者zhě,即jí蓄xù备bèi以yǐ待dài之zhī,故gù社shè稷jì亡wáng忧yōu。 窃qiè见jiàn往wǎng者zhě赤chì黄huáng四sì塞sāi,地dì气qì大dà发fā,动dòng土tǔ竭jié民mín,天tiān下xià扰rǎo乱luàn之zhī征zhēng也yě。彗huì星xīng争zhēng明míng,庶shù雄xióng为wèi桀jié,大dà寇kòu之zhī引yǐn也yě。此cǐ二èr者zhě已yǐ颇pǒ效xiào矣yǐ。城chéng中zhōng讹é言yán大dà水shuǐ,奔bēn走zǒu上shàng城chéng,朝cháo廷tíng惊jīng骇hài,女nǚ孽niè入rù宫gōng,此cǐ独dú未wèi效xiào。间jiān者zhě重zhòng以yǐ水shuǐ泉quán涌yǒng溢yì,旁páng宫gōng阙què仍réng出chū。月yuè、太tài白bái入rù东dōng井jǐng,犯fàn积jī水shuǐ,缺quē天tiān渊yuān。日rì数shù湛zhàn于yú极jí阳yáng之zhī色sè。羽yǔ气qì乘chéng宫gōng,起qǐ风fēng积jī云yún。又yòu错cuò以yǐ山shān崩bēng地dì动dòng,河hé不bù用yòng其qí道dào。盛shèng冬dōng雷léi电diàn,潜qián龙lóng为wèi孽niè。继jì以yǐ陨yǔn星xīng流liú彗huì,维wéi、填tián上shàng见jiàn,日rì蚀shí有yǒu背bèi乡xiāng。此cǐ亦yì高gāo下xià易yì居jū,洪hóng水shuǐ之zhī征zhēng也yě。不bù忧yōu不bù改gǎi,洪hóng水shuǐ乃nǎi欲yù荡dàng涤dí,流liú彗huì乃nǎi欲yù扫sǎo除chú;改gǎi之zhī,则zé有yǒu年nián亡wáng期qī。故gù属shǔ者zhě颇pǒ有yǒu变biàn改gǎi,小xiǎo贬biǎn邪xié猾huá,日rì月yuè光guāng精jīng,时shí雨yǔ气qì应yīng,此cǐ皇huáng天tiān右yòu汉hàn亡wáng已yǐ也yě,何hé

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