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卷juǎn十shí七qī牼kēng拔bá湔jiān研yán晒shàiΤ急jí淼miǎo谖xuān

昔xī《书shū》称chēng“蛮mán夷yí帅shuài服fú”,《诗shī》云yún“徐xú方fāng既jì俫lái”,《春chūn秋qiū》列liè潞lù子zi之zhī爵jué,许xǔ其qí慕mù诸zhū夏xià也yě。汉hàn兴xīng至zhì于yú孝xiào文wén时shí,乃nǎi有yǒu弓gōng高gāo、襄xiāng城chéng之zhī封fēng,虽suī自zì外wài来lái,本běn功gōng臣chén后hòu。故gù至zhì孝xiào景jǐng始shǐ欲yù侯hóu降jiàng者zhě,丞chéng相xiàng周zhōu亚yà夫fū守shǒu约yuē而ér争zhēng。帝dì黜chù其qí议yì,初chū开kāi封fēng赏shǎng之zhī科kē,又yòu有yǒu吴wú、楚chǔ之zhī事shì。武wǔ兴xīng胡hú、越yuè之zhī伐fá,将jiàng帅shuài受shòu爵jué,应yīng本běn约yuē矣yǐ。后hòu世shì承chéng平píng,颇pǒ有yǒu劳láo臣chén,辑jí而ér序xù之zhī,续xù元yuán功gōng次cì云yún。

卷juǎn十shí八bā犕bèi馄hún荻dí髟biāo蠛miè畋tián淼miǎo诹zōu

自zì古gǔ受shòu命mìng及jí中zhōng兴xīng之zhī君jūn,必bì兴xīng灭miè继jì绝jué,修xiū废fèi举jǔ逸yì,然rán后hòu天tiān下xià归guī仁rén,四sì方fāng之zhī政zhèng行xíng焉yān。传chuán称chēng武wǔ王wáng克kè殷yīn,追zhuī存cún贤xián圣shèng,至zhì乎hū不bù及jí下xià车chē。世shì代dài虽suī殊shū,其qí揆kuí一yī也yě。高gāo帝dì拨bō乱luàn诛zhū暴bào,庶shù事shì草cǎo创chuàng,日rì不bù暇xiá给jǐ,然rán犹yóu修xiū祀sì六liù国guó,求qiú聘pìn四sì皓hào,过guò魏wèi则zé宠chǒng无wú忌jì之zhī墓mù,适shì赵zhào则zé封fēng乐yuè毅yì之zhī后hòu。及jí其qí行xíng赏shǎng而ér授shòu位wèi也yě,爵jué以yǐ功gōng为wèi先xiān后hòu,宫gōng用yòng能néng为wèi次cì序xù。后hòu嗣sì共gòng己jǐ遵zūn业yè,旧jiù臣chén继jì踵zhǒng居jū位wèi。至zhì乎hū孝xiào武wǔ,元yuán功gōng宿sù将jiàng略lüè尽jǐn。会huì上shàng亦yì兴xīng文wén学xué,进jìn拔bá幽yōu隐yǐn,公gōng孙sūn弘hóng自zì海hǎi濒bīn而ér登dēng宰zǎi相xiàng,于yú是shì宠chǒng以yǐ列liè侯hóu之zhī爵jué。又yòu畴chóu咨zī前qián代dài,询xún问wèn耆qí老lǎo,初chū得dé周zhōu后hòu,复fù加jiā爵jué、邑yì。自zì是shì之zhī后hòu,宰zǎi相xiàng毕bì侯hóu矣yǐ。元yuán、成chéng之zhī间jiān,晚wǎn得dé殷yīn世shì,以yǐ备bèi宾bīn位wèi。

汉hàn兴xīng,外wài戚qī与yǔ定dìng天tiān下xià,侯hóu者zhě二èr人rén。故gù誓shì曰yuē:“非fēi刘liú氏shì不bù王wáng,若ruò有yǒu亡wáng功gōng非fēi上shàng所suǒ置zhì而ér侯hóu者zhě,天tiān下xià共gòng诛zhū之zhī。”是shì以yǐ高gāo后hòu欲yù王wáng诸zhū吕lǚ,王wáng陵líng廷tíng争zhēng;孝xiào景jǐng将jiāng侯hóu王wáng氏shì,修xiū侯hóu犯fàn色sè。卒zú用yòng废fèi黜chù。是shì后hòu薄báo昭zhāo、窦dòu婴yīng、上shàng官guān、卫wèi、霍huò之zhī侯hóu,以yǐ功gōng受shòu爵jué。其qí余yú后hòu父fù据jù《春chūn秋qiū》褒bāo纪jì之zhī义yì,帝dì舅jiù缘yuán《大dà雅yǎ》申shēn伯bó之zhī意yì,浸jìn广guǎng博bó矣yǐ。是shì以yǐ别bié而ér叙xù之zhī。

卷juǎn十shí九jiǔ上shàng牥fāng俟qí俟qí浔xún淼miǎo谄chǎn呱gū

《易yì》叙xù宓mì羲xī、神shén农nóng、黄huáng帝dì作zuò教jiào化huà民mín,而ér《传chuán》述shù其qí官guān,以yǐ为wéi宓mì羲xī龙lóng师shī名míng官guān,神shén农nóng火huǒ师shī火huǒ名míng,黄huáng帝dì云yún师shī云yún名míng,少shǎo昊hào鸟niǎo师shī鸟niǎo名míng。自zì颛zhuān顼xū以yǐ来lái,为wèi民mín师shī而ér命mìng以yǐ民mín事shì,有yǒu重zhòng黎lí、句jù芒máng、祝zhù融róng、后hòu土tǔ、蓐rù收shōu、玄xuán冥míng之zhī官guān,然rán已yǐ上shàng矣yǐ。《书shū》载zài唐táng、虞yú之zhī际jì,命mìng羲xī、和hé四sì子zi顺shùn天tiān文wén,授shòu民mín时shí;盗dào四sì岳yuè,以yǐ举jǔ贤xián材cái,扬yáng侧cè陋lòu;十shí有yǒu二èr牧mù,柔róu远yuǎn能néng迩ěr;禹yǔ作zuò司sī空kōng,平píng水shuǐ土tǔ;弃qì作zuò后hòu稷jì,播bō百bǎi谷gǔ;卨xiè作zuò司sī徒tú,敷fū五wǔ教jiào;咎jiù繇yáo作zuò士shì,正zhèng五wǔ刑xíng;垂chuí作zuò共gòng工gōng,利lì器qì用yòng;益yì作zuò朕zhèn虞yú,育yù草cǎo木mù鸟niǎo兽shòu;伯bó夷yí作zuò秩zhì宗zōng,典diǎn三sān礼lǐ;夔kuí典diǎn乐lè,和hé神shén人rén;龙lóng作zuò纳nà言yán,出chū入rù帝dì命mìng。夏xià、殷yīn亡wáng闻wén焉yān,周zhōu官guān则zé备bèi矣yǐ。天tiān官guān冢zhǒng宰zǎi,地dì官guān司sī徒tú,春chūn官guān宗zōng伯bó,夏xià官guān司sī马mǎ,秋qiū官guān司sī寇kòu,冬dōng官guān司sī空kōng,是shì为wèi六liù卿qīng,各gè有yǒu徒tú属shǔ职zhí分fēn,用yòng于yú百bǎi事shì。太tài师shī、太tài傅fù、太tài保bǎo,是shì为wèi三sān公gōng,盖gài参cān天tiān子zi,坐zuò而ér议yì政zhèng,无wú不bù总zǒng统tǒng,故gù不bù以yǐ一yī职zhí为wèi官guān名míng。又yòu立lì三sān少shǎo为wèi之zhī副fù,少shǎo师shī、少shǎo傅fù、少shǎo保bǎo,是shì为wèi孤gū卿qīng,与yǔ六liù卿qīng为wèi九jiǔ焉yān。记jì曰yuē三sān公gōng无wú官guān,言yán有yǒu其qí人rén然rán后hòu充chōng之zhī,舜shùn之zhī于yú尧yáo,伊yī尹yǐn于yú汤tāng,周zhōu公gōng、召zhào公gōng于yú周zhōu,是shì也yě。或huò说shuō司sī马mǎ主zhǔ天tiān,司sī徒tú主zhǔ人rén,司sī空kōng主zhǔ土tǔ,是shì为wèi三sān公gōng。四sì岳yuè谓wèi四sì方fāng诸zhū侯hóu。自zì周zhōu衰shuāi,官guān失shī而ér百bǎi职zhí乱luàn,战zhàn国guó并bìng争zhēng,各gè变biàn异yì。秦qín兼jiān天tiān下xià,建jiàn皇huáng帝dì之zhī号hào,立lì百bǎi官guān之zhī职zhí。汉hàn因yīn循xún而ér不bù革gé,明míng简jiǎn易yì,随suí时shí宜yí也yě。其qí后hòu颇pǒ有yǒu所suǒ改gǎi。王wáng莽mǎng篡cuàn位wèi,慕mù从cóng古gǔ官guān,而ér吏lì民mín弗fú安ān,亦yì多duō虐nüè政zhèng,遂suì以yǐ乱luàn亡wáng。故gù略lüè表biǎo举jǔ大dà分fēn,以yǐ通tōng古gǔ今jīn,备bèi温wēn故gù知zhī新xīn之zhī义yì云yún。 相xiàng国guó、丞chéng相xiàng,皆jiē秦qín官guān,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu,掌zhǎng丞chéng天tiān子zi助zhù理lǐ万wàn机jī。秦qín有yǒu左zuǒ右yòu,高gāo帝dì即jí位wèi,置zhì一yī丞chéng相xiàng,十shí一yī年nián更gēng名míng相xiàng国guó,绿lǜ绶shòu。孝xiào惠huì、高gāo后hòu置zhì左zuǒ右yòu丞chéng相xiàng,文wén帝dì二èr年nián置zhì一yī丞chéng相xiàng。有yǒu两liǎng长zhǎng史shǐ,秋qiū千qiān石shí。哀āi帝dì元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián更gēng名míng大dà司sī徒tú。武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu五wǔ年nián初chū置zhì司sī直zhí,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí,掌zhǎng佐zuǒ丞chéng相xiàng举jǔ不bù法fǎ。 太tài尉wèi,秦qín官guān,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu,掌zhǎng武wǔ事shì。武wǔ帝dì建jiàn元yuán二èr年nián省shěng。元yuán狩shòu四sì年nián初chū置zhì大dà司sī马mǎ,以yǐ冠guān将jiāng军jūn之zhī号hào。宣xuān帝dì地dì节jié三sān年nián置zhì大dà司sī马mǎ,不bù冠guān将jiāng军jūn,亦yì无wú印yìn绶shòu官guān属shǔ。成chéng帝dì绥suí和hé元yuán年nián初chū赐cì大dà司sī马mǎ金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu,置zhì官guān属shǔ,禄lù比bǐ丞chéng相xiàng,去qù将jiāng军jūn。哀āi帝dì建jiàn平píng二èr年nián复fù去qù大dà司sī马mǎ印yìn绶shòu、官guān属shǔ,冠guān将jiāng军jūn如rú故gù。元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián复fù赐cì大dà司sī马mǎ印yìn绶shòu,置zhì官guān属shǔ,去qù将jiāng军jūn,位wèi在zài司sī徒tú上shàng。有yǒu长zhǎng史shǐ,秩zhì千qiān石shí。 御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,秦qín官guān,位wèi上shàng卿qīng,银yín印yìn青qīng绶shòu,掌zhǎng副fù丞chéng相xiàng。有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng,秩zhì千qiān石shí。一yī曰yuē中zhōng丞chéng,在zài殿diàn中zhōng兰lán台tái,掌zhǎng图tú籍jí秘mì书shū,外wài督dū部bù刺cì史shǐ,内nèi领lǐng侍shì御yù史shǐ员yuán十shí五wǔ人rén,受shòu公gōng卿qīng奏zòu事shì,举jǔ劾hé按àn章zhāng。成chéng帝dì绥suí和hé元yuán年nián更gēng名míng大dà司sī空kōng,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu,禄lù比bǐ丞chéng相xiàng,置zhì长zhǎng史shǐ如rú中zhōng丞chéng,官guān职zhí如rú故gù。哀āi帝dì建jiàn平píng二èr年nián复fù为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián复fù为wèi大dà司sī空kōng,御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng更gēng名míng御yù史shǐ长zhǎng史shǐ。侍shì御yù史shǐ有yǒu绣xiù衣yī直zhí指zhǐ,出chū讨tǎo奸jiān猾huá,治zhì大dà狱yù,武wǔ帝dì所suǒ制zhì,不bù常cháng置zhì。 太tài傅fù,古gǔ官guān,高gāo后hòu元yuán年nián初chū置zhì,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu。后hòu省shěng,八bā年nián复fù置zhì。后hòu省shěng,哀āi帝dì元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián复fù置zhì。位wèi在zài三sān公gōng上shàng。 太tài师shī、太tài保bǎo,皆jiē古gǔ官guān,平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ元yuán年nián皆jiē初chū置zhì,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu。太tài师shī位wèi在zài太tài傅fù上shàng,太tài保bǎo次cì太tài傅fù。 前qián后hòu左zuǒ右yòu将jiāng军jūn,皆jiē周zhōu末mò官guān,秦qín因yīn之zhī,位wèi上shàng卿qīng,金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu。汉hàn不bù常cháng置zhì,或huò有yǒu前qián后hòu,或huò有yǒu左zuǒ右yòu,皆jiē掌zhǎng兵bīng及jí四sì夷yí。有yǒu长zhǎng史shǐ,秩zhì千qiān石shí。 奉fèng常cháng,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng宗zōng庙miào礼lǐ仪yí,有yǒu丞chéng。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng太tài常cháng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu太tài乐lè、太tài祝zhù、太tài宰zǎi、太tài史shǐ、太tài卜bo、太tài医yī六liù令lìng丞chéng,又yòu均jūn官guān、都dōu水shuǐ两liǎng长zhǎng丞chéng,又yòu诸zhū庙miào寝qǐn园yuán食shí宫gōng令lìng长zhǎng丞chéng,有yǒu雍yōng太tài宰zǎi、太tài祝zhù令lìng丞chéng,五wǔ畤zhì各gè一yī尉wèi。又yòu博bó士shì及jí诸zhū陵líng县xiàn皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng太tài祝zhù为wèi祠cí祀sì,武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gèng曰yuē庙miào祀sì,初chū置zhì太tài卜bo。博bó士shì,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng通tōng古gǔ今jīn,秩zhì比bǐ六liù百bǎi石shí,员yuán多duō至zhì数shù十shí人rén。武wǔ帝dì建jiàn元yuán五wǔ年nián初chū置zhì《五wǔ经jīng》博bó士shì,宣xuān帝dì黄huáng龙lóng元yuán年nián稍shāo增zēng员yuán十shí二èr人rén。元yuán,帝dì永yǒng光guāng元yuán年nián分fèn诸zhū陵líng邑yì属shǔ三sān辅fǔ。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi太tài常cháng曰yuē秩zhì宗zōng。 郎láng中zhōng令lìng,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng宫gōng殿diàn掖yē门mén户hù,有yǒu丞chéng。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng光guāng禄lù勋xūn。属shǔ官guān有yǒu大dà夫fū、郎láng、谒yè者zhě,皆jiē秦qín官guān。又yòu期qī门mén、羽yǔ林lín皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。大dà夫fū掌zhǎng论lùn议yì,有yǒu太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū、中zhōng大dà夫fū、谏jiàn大dà夫fū,皆jiē无wú员yuán,多duō至zhì数shù十shí人rén。武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu五wǔ年nián初chū置zhì谏jiàn大dà夫fū,秩zhì比bǐ八bā百bǎi石shí,太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng中zhōng大dà夫fū为wèi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí,太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū秩zhì比bǐ千qiān石shí如rú故gù。郎láng掌zhǎng守shǒu门mén户hù,出chū充chōng车chē骑qí,有yǒu议yì郎láng、中zhōng郎láng、侍shì郎láng、郎láng中zhōng,皆jiē无wú员yuán,多duō至zhì千qiān人rén。议yì郎láng、中zhōng郎láng秩zhì比bǐ六liù百bǎi石shí,侍shì郎láng比bǐ四sì百bǎi石shí,郎láng中zhōng比bǐ三sān百bǎi石shí。中zhōng郎láng有yǒu五wǔ官guān、左zuǒ、右yòu三sān将jiāng,秩zhì皆jiē比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí。郎láng中zhōng有yǒu车chē、户hù、骑qí三sān将jiāng,秩zhì皆jiē比bǐ千qiān石shí。谒yè者zhě掌zhǎng宾bīn赞zàn受shòu事shì,员yuán七qī十shí人rén,秩zhì比bǐ六liù百bǎi石shí,有yǒu仆pū射shè,秩zhì比bǐ千qiān石shí。期qī门mén掌zhǎng执zhí兵bīng送sòng从cóng,武wǔ帝dì建jiàn元yuán三sān年nián初chū置zhì,比bǐ郎láng,无wú员yuán,多duō至zhì千qiān人rén,有yǒu仆pū射shè,秩zhì比bǐ千qiān石shí。平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ元yuán年nián更gēng名míng虎hǔ贲bēn郎láng,置zhì中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí。羽yǔ林lín掌zhǎng送sòng从cóng,次cì期qī门mén,武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián初chū置zhì,名míng曰yuē建jiàn章zhāng营yíng骑qí,后hòu更gēng名míng羽yǔ林lín骑qí。又yòu取qǔ从cóng军jūn死sǐ事shì之zhī子zǐ孙sūn养yǎng羽yǔ林lín,官guān教jiào以yǐ五wǔ兵bīng,号hào曰yuē羽yǔ林lín孤gū兒ér。羽yǔ林lín有yǒu令lìng丞chéng。宣xuān帝dì令lìng中zhōng郎láng将jiāng、骑qí都dū尉wèi监jiān羽yǔ林lín,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí。仆pū射shè,秦qín官guān,自zì侍shì中zhōng、尚shàng书shū、博bó士shì、郎láng皆jiē有yǒu。古gǔ者zhě重zhòng武wǔ官guān,有yǒu主zhǔ射shè以yǐ督dū课kè之zhī,军jūn屯tún吏lì、驺zōu、宰zǎi、永yǒng巷xiàng宫gōng人rén皆jiē有yǒu,取qǔ其qí领lǐng事shì之zhī号hào。 卫wèi尉wèi,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng宫gōng门mén卫wèi屯tún兵bīng,有yǒu丞chéng。景jǐng帝dì初chū更gēng名míng中zhōng大dà夫fū令lìng,后hòu元yuán年nián复fù为wèi卫wèi尉wèi。属shǔ官guān有yǒu公gōng车chē司sī马mǎ、卫wèi士shì、旅lǚ贲bēn三sān令lìng丞chéng。卫wèi士shì三sān丞chéng。又yòu诸zhū屯tún卫wèi候hòu、司sī马mǎ二èr十shí二èr官guān皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。长cháng乐lè、建jiàn章zhāng、甘gān泉quán卫wèi尉wèi皆jiē掌zhǎng其qí宫gōng,职zhí略lüè同tóng,不bù常cháng置zhì。 太tài仆pū,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng舆yú马mǎ,有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu大dà厩jiù、未wèi央yāng、家jiā马mǎ三sān令lìng,各gè五wǔ丞chéng一yī尉wèi。又yòu车chē府fǔ、路lù軨líng、骑qí马mǎ、骏jùn马mǎ四sì令lìng丞chéng;又yòu龙lóng马mǎ、闲xián驹jū、橐tuó泉quán、 駼tú、承chéng华huá五wǔ监jiān长zhǎng丞chéng;又yòu边biān郡jùn六liù牧mù师shī菀wǎn令lìng各gè三sān丞chéng;又yòu牧mù橐tuó、昆kūn+F75A令lìng丞chéng皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。中zhōng太tài仆pū掌zhǎng皇huáng太tài后hòu舆yú马mǎ,不bù常cháng置zhì也yě。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng家jiā马mǎ为wèi马mǎ挏dòng马mǎ,初chū置zhì路lù軨líng。 廷tíng尉wèi,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng刑xíng辟pì,有yǒu正zhèng、左zuǒ右yòu监jiān,秩zhì皆jiē千qiān石shí。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng大dà理lǐ,武wǔ帝dì建jiàn元yuán四sì年nián复fù为wèi廷tíng尉wèi。宣xuān帝dì地dì节jié三sān年nián初chū置zhì左zuǒ右yòu平píng,秩zhì皆jiē六liù百bǎi石shí。哀āi帝dì元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián复fù为wèi大dà理lǐ。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi曰yuē作zuò士shì。 典diǎn客kè,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng诸zhū归guī义yì蛮mán夷yí,有yǒu丞chéng。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng大dà行xíng令lìng,武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng大dà鸿hóng胪lú。属shǔ官guān有yǒu行xíng人rén、译yì官guān、别bié火huǒ三sān令lìng丞chéng及jí郡jùn邸dǐ长zhǎng丞chéng。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng行xíng人rén为wèi大dà行xíng令lìng,初chū置zhì别bié火huǒ。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi大dà鸿hóng胪lú曰yuē典diǎn乐lè。初chū,置zhì郡jùn国guó邸dǐ属shǔ少shào府fǔ,中zhōng属shǔ中zhōng尉wèi,后hòu属shǔ大dà鸿hóng胪lú。 宗zōng正zhèng,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng亲qīn属shǔ,有yǒu丞chéng。平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ四sì年nián更gēng名míng宗zōng伯bó。属shǔ官guān有yǒu都dōu司sī空kōng令lìng丞chéng,内nèi官guān长zhǎng丞chéng。又yòu诸zhū公gōng主zhǔ家jiā令lìng、门mén尉wèi皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。王wáng莽mǎng并bìng其qí官guān于yú秩zhì宗zōng。初chū,内nèi官guān属shǔ少shào府fǔ,中zhōng属shǔ主zhǔ爵jué,后hòu属shǔ宗zōng正zhèng。 治zhì粟sù内nèi史shǐ,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng谷gǔ货huò,有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng。景jǐng帝dì后hòu元yuán年nián更gēng名míng大dà农nóng令lìng,武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng大dà司sī农nóng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu太tài仓cāng、均jūn输shū、平píng准zhǔn、都dōu内nèi、籍jí田tián五wǔ令lìng丞chéng,斡wò官guān、铁tiě市shì两liǎng长zhǎng丞chéng。又yòu郡jùn国guó诸zhū仓cāng农nóng监jiān、都dōu水shuǐ六liù十shí五wǔ官guān长zhǎng丞chéng皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。騪sōu粟sù都dū尉wèi,武wǔ帝dì军jūn官guān,不bù常cháng置zhì。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi大dà司sī农nóng曰yuē羲xī和hé,后hòu更gèng为wéi纳nà言yán。初chū,斡wò官guān属shǔ少shào府fǔ,中zhōng属shǔ主zhǔ爵jué,后hòu属shǔ大dà司sī农nóng。 少shào府fǔ,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng山shān海hǎi池chí泽zé之zhī税shuì,以yǐ给gěi共gòng养yǎng,有yǒu六liù丞chéng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu尚shàng书shū、符fú节jié、太tài医yī、太tài官guān、汤tāng官guān、导dǎo官guān、乐yuè府fǔ、若ruò卢lú、考kǎo工gōng室shì、左zuǒ弋yì、居jū室shì、甘gān泉quán居jū室shì、左zuǒ右yòu司sī空kōng、东dōng织zhī、西xī织zhī、东dōng园yuán匠jiàng十shí六liù官guān令lìng丞chéng,又yòu胞bāo人rén、都dōu水shuǐ、均jūn官guān三sān长zhǎng丞chéng,又yòu上shàng林lín中zhōng十shí池chí监jiān,又yòu中zhōng书shū谒yè者zhě、黄huáng门mén、钩gōu盾dùn、尚shàng方fāng、御yù府fǔ、永yǒng巷xiàng、内nèi者zhě、宦huàn者zhě八bā官guān令lìng丞chéng。诸zhū仆pū射shè、署shǔ长zhǎng、中zhōng黄huáng门mén皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng考kǎo工gōng室shì为wèi考kǎo工gōng,左zuǒ弋yì为wèi佽cì飞fēi,居jū室shì为wèi保bǎo宫gōng,甘gān泉quán居jū室shì为wèi昆kūn台tái,永yǒng巷xiàng为wèi掖yē廷tíng。佽cì飞fēi掌zhǎng弋yì射shè,有yǒu九jiǔ丞chéng两liǎng尉wèi,太tài官guān七qī丞chéng,昆kūn台tái五wǔ丞chéng,乐yuè府fǔ三sān丞chéng,掖yē廷tíng八bā丞chéng,宦huàn者zhě七qī丞chéng,钩gōu盾dùn五wǔ丞chéng两liǎng尉wèi。成chéng帝dì建jiàn始shǐ四sì年nián更gēng名míng中zhōng书shū谒yè者zhě令lìng为wèi中zhōng谒yè者zhě令lìng,初chū置zhì尚shàng书shū,员yuán五wǔ人rén,有yǒu四sì丞chéng。河hé平píng元yuán年nián省shěng东dōng织zhī,更gēng名míng西xī织zhī为wèi织zhī室shì。绥suí和hé二èr年nián,哀āi帝dì省shěng乐yuè府fǔ。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi少shào府fǔ曰yuē共gòng工gōng。 中zhōng尉wèi,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng徼jiǎo循xún京jīng师shī,有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng、候hòu、司sī马mǎ、千qiān人rén。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng执zhí金jīn吾wú。属shǔ官guān有yǒu中zhōng垒lěi、寺sì互hù、武wǔ库kù、都dōu船chuán四sì令lìng丞chéng。都dōu船chuán、武wǔ库kù有yǒu三sān丞chéng,中zhōng垒lěi两liǎng尉wèi。又yòu式shì道dào左zuǒ右yòu中zhōng候hòu、候hòu丞chéng及jí左zuǒ右yòu京jīng辅fǔ都dū尉wèi、尉wèi丞chéng兵bīng卒zú皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。初chū,寺sì互hù属shǔ少shào府fǔ,中zhōng属shǔ主zhǔ爵jué,后hòu属shǔ中zhōng尉wèi。自zì太tài常cháng至zhì执zhí金jīn吾wú,秩zhì皆jiē中zhōng二èr千qiān石shí,丞chéng皆jiē千qiān石shí。 太tài子zi太tài傅fù、少shǎo傅fù,古gǔ官guān。属shǔ官guān有yǒu太tài子zi门mén大dà夫fū、庶shù子zi、先xiān马mǎ、舍shě人rén。 将jiāng作zuò少shào府fǔ,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng治zhì宫gōng室shì,有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng、左zuǒ右yòu中zhōng候hòu。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng将jiāng作zuò大dà匠jiàng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu石shí库kù、东dōng园yuán主zhǔ章zhāng、左zuǒ右yòu前qián后hòu中zhōng校xiào七qī令lìng丞chéng,又yòu主zhǔ章zhāng长zhǎng丞chéng。武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng东dōng园yuán主zhǔ章zhāng为wèi木mù工gōng。成chéng帝dì阳yáng朔shuò三sān年nián省shěng中zhōng候hòu及jí左zuǒ右yòu前qián后hòu中zhōng校xiào五wǔ丞chéng。 詹zhān事shì,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng皇huáng后hòu、太tài子zi家jiā,有yǒu丞chéng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu太tài子zi率lǜ更gèng、家jiā令lìng丞chéng,仆pū、中zhōng盾dùn、卫wèi率lǜ、厨chú厩jiù长zhǎng丞chéng,又yòu中zhōng长cháng秋qiū、私sī府fǔ、永yǒng巷xiàng、仓cāng、厩jiù、祠cí祀sì、食shí官guān令lìng长zhǎng丞chéng。诸zhū宦huàn官guān皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。成chéng帝dì鸿hóng嘉jiā三sān年nián省shěng詹zhān事shì官guān,并bìng属shǔ大dà长zhǎng秋qiū。长zhǎng信xìn詹zhān事shì掌zhǎng皇huáng太tài后hòu宫gōng,景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng长zhǎng信xìn少shào府fǔ,平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ四sì年nián更gēng名míng长cháng乐lè少shào府fǔ。 将jiāng行xíng,秦qín官guān,景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng大dà长zhǎng秋qiū,或huò用yòng中zhōng人rén,或huò用yòng士shì人rén。 典diǎn属shǔ国guó,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng蛮mán夷yí降jiàng者zhě。武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu三sān年nián昆kūn邪xié王wáng降jiàng,复fù增zēng属shǔ国guó,置zhì都dū尉wèi、丞chéng、候hòu、千qiān人rén。属shǔ官guān,九jiǔ译yì令lìng。成chéng帝dì河hé平píng元yuán年nián省shěng并bìng大dà鸿hóng胪lú。 水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi,武wǔ帝dì元yuán鼎dǐng二èr年nián初chū置zhì,掌zhǎng上shàng林lín苑yuàn,有yǒu五wǔ丞chéng。属shǔ官guān有yǒu上shàng林lín、均jūn输shū、御yù羞xiū、禁jìn圃pǔ、辑jí濯zhuó、钟zhōng官guān、技jì巧qiǎo、六liù厩jiù、辩biàn铜tóng九jiǔ官guān令lìng丞chéng。又yòu衡héng官guān、水shuǐ司sī空kōng、都dōu水shuǐ、农nóng仓cāng,又yòu甘gān泉quán上shàng林lín、都dōu水shuǐ七qī官guān长zhǎng丞chéng皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。上shàng林lín有yǒu八bā丞chéng十shí二èr尉wèi,均jūn输shū四sì丞chéng,御yù羞xiū两liǎng丞chéng,都dōu水shuǐ三sān丞chéng。禁jìn圃pǔ两liǎng尉wèi,甘gān泉quán上shàng林lín四sì丞chéng。成chéng帝dì建jiàn始shǐ二èr年nián省shěng技jì巧qiǎo、六liù厩jiù官guān。王wáng莽mǎng改gǎi水shuǐ衡héng都dū尉wèi曰yuē予yǔ虞yú。初chū,御yù羞xiū、上shàng林lín、衡héng官guān及jí铸zhù钱qián皆jiē属shǔ少shào府fǔ。 内nèi史shǐ,周zhōu官guān,秦qín因yīn之zhī,掌zhǎng治zhì京jīng师shī。景jǐng帝dì二èr年nián,分fēn置zhì左zuǒ、右yòu内nèi史shǐ。右yòu内nèi史shǐ武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng京jīng兆zhào尹yǐn,属shǔ官guān有yǒu长cháng安ān市shì、厨chú两liǎng令lìng丞chéng,又yòu都dōu水shuǐ、铁tiě官guān两liǎng长zhǎng丞chéng。左zuǒ内nèi史shǐ更gēng名míng左zuǒ冯féng翊yì,属shǔ官guān有yǒu廪lǐn牺xī令lìng丞chéng尉wèi。又yòu左zuǒ都dōu水shuǐ、铁tiě官guān、云yún垒lěi、长cháng安ān四sì市shì四sì长zhǎng丞chéng皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。 主zhǔ爵jué中zhōng尉wèi,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng列liè侯hóu。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng六liù年nián更gēng名míng都dū尉wèi,武wǔ帝dì太tài初chū元yuán年nián更gēng名míng右yòu扶fú风fēng,治zhì内nèi史shǐ右yòu地dì。属shǔ官guān有yǒu掌zhǎng畜chù令lìng丞chéng。又yòu右yòu都dōu水shuǐ、铁tiě官guān、厩jiù、雍yōng厨chú四sì长zhǎng丞chéng皆jiē属shǔ焉yān。与yǔ左zuǒ冯féng翊yì、京jīng兆zhào尹yǐn是shì为wèi三sān辅fǔ,皆jiē有yǒu两liǎng丞chéng。列liè侯hóu更gèng属shǔ大dà鸿hóng胪lú。元yuán鼎dǐng四sì年nián更gèng置zhì三sān辅fǔ都dū尉wèi、都dū尉wèi丞chéng各gè一yī人rén。 自zì太tài子zi太tài傅fù至zhì右yòu扶fú风fēng,皆jiē秩zhì二èr千qiān石shí,丞chéng六liù百bǎi石shí。 护hù军jūn都dū尉wèi,秦qín官guān,武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu四sì年nián属shǔ大dà司sī马mǎ,成chéng帝dì绥suí和hé元yuán年nián居jū大dà司sī马mǎ府fǔ比bǐ司sī直zhí,哀āi帝dì元yuán寿shòu元yuán年nián更gēng名míng司sī寇kòu,平píng帝dì元yuán始shǐ元yuán年nián更gēng名míng护hù军jūn。 司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi,周zhōu官guān,武wǔ帝dì征zhēng和hé四sì年nián初chū置zhì。持chí节jié,从cóng中zhōng都dōu官guān徒tú千qiān二èr百bǎi人rén,捕bǔ巫wū蛊gǔ,督dū大dà奸jiān猾huá。后hòu罢bà其qí兵bīng。察chá三sān辅fǔ、三sān河hé、弘hóng农nóng。元yuán帝dì初chū元yuán四sì年nián去qù节jié。成chéng帝dì元yuán延yán四sì年nián省shěng。绥suí和hé二èr年nián,哀āi帝dì复fù置zhì,但dàn为wèi司sī隶lì,冠guān进jìn贤xián冠guān,属shǔ大dà司sī空kōng,比bǐ司sī直zhí。 城chéng门mén校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng京jīng师shī城chéng门mén屯tún兵bīng,有yǒu司sī马mǎ、十shí二èr城chéng门mén候hòu。中zhōng垒lěi校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng北běi军jūn垒lěi门mén内nèi,外wài掌zhǎng西xī域yù。屯tún骑qí校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng骑qí士shì。步bù兵bīng校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng上shàng林lín苑yuàn门mén屯tún兵bīng。越yuè骑qí校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng越yuè骑qí。长zhǎng水shuǐ校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng长zhǎng水shuǐ宣xuān曲qū胡hú骑qí。又yòu有yǒu胡hú骑qí校xiào尉wèi,掌zhǎng池chí阳yáng胡hú骑qí,不bù常cháng置zhì。射shè声shēng校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng待dài诏zhào射shè声shēng士shì。虎hǔ贲bēn校xiào尉wèi掌zhǎng轻qīng车chē。凡fán八bā校xiào尉wèi,皆jiē武wǔ帝dì初chū置zhì,有yǒu丞chéng、司sī马mǎ。自zì司sī隶lì至zhì虎hǔ贲bēn校xiào尉wèi,秩zhì皆jiē二èr千qiān石shí。西xī域yù都dōu护hù加jiā官guān,宣xuān帝dì地dì节jié二èr年nián初chū置zhì,以yǐ骑qí都dū尉wèi、谏jiàn大dà夫fū使shǐ护hù西xī域yù三sān十shí六liù国guó,有yǒu副fù校xiào尉wèi,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí,丞chéng一yī人rén,司sī马mǎ、候hòu、千qiān人rén各gè二èr人rén。戊wù己jǐ校xiào尉wèi,元yuán帝dì初chū元yuán元yuán年nián置zhì,有yǒu丞chéng、司sī马mǎ各gè一yī人rén,候hòu五wǔ人rén,秩zhì比bǐ六liù百bǎi石shí。 奉fèng车chē都dū尉wèi掌zhǎng御yù乘shèng舆yú车chē,驸fù马mǎ都dū尉wèi掌zhǎng驸fù马mǎ,皆jiē武wǔ帝dì初chū置zhì,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí。侍shì中zhōng、左zuǒ右yòu曹cáo、诸zhū吏lì、散sàn骑qí、中zhōng常cháng侍shì,皆jiē加jiā官guān,所suǒ加jiā或huò列liè侯hóu、将jiāng军jūn、卿qīng大dà夫fū、将jiāng、都dū尉wèi、尚shàng书shū、太tài医yī、太tài官guān令lìng至zhì郎láng中zhōng,亡wáng员yuán,多duō至zhì数shù十shí人rén。侍shì中zhōng、中zhōng常cháng侍shì得dé入rù禁jìn中zhōng,诸zhū曹cáo受shòu尚shàng书shū事shì,诸zhū吏lì得dé举jǔ法fǎ,散sàn骑qí骑qí并bìng乘shèng舆yú车chē。给gěi事shì中zhōng亦yì加jiā官guān,所suǒ加jiā或huò大dà夫fū、博bó士shì、议yì郎láng,掌zhǎng顾gù问wèn应yìng对duì,位wèi次cì中zhōng常cháng侍shì。中zhōng黄huáng门mén有yǒu给gěi事shì黄huáng门mén,位wèi从cóng将jiāng大dà夫fū。皆jiē秦qín制zhì。 爵jué:一yī级jí曰yuē公gōng士shì,二èr上shàng造zào,三sān簪zān袅niǎo,四sì不bù更gèng,五wǔ大dà夫fū,六liù官guān大dà夫fū,七qī公gōng大dà夫fū,八bā公gōng乘chéng,九jiǔ五wǔ大dà夫fū,十shí左zuǒ庶shù长zhǎng,十shí一yī右yòu庶shù长zhǎng,十shí二èr左zuǒ更gèng,十shí三sān中zhōng更gèng,十shí四sì右yòu更gèng,十shí五wǔ少shǎo上shàng造zào,十shí六liù大dà上shàng造zào,十shí七qī驷sì车chē庶shù长zhǎng,十shí八bā大dà庶shù长zhǎng,十shí九jiǔ关guān内nèi侯hóu,二èr十shí彻chè侯hóu。皆jiē秦qín制zhì,以yǐ赏shǎng功gōng劳láo。彻chè侯hóu金jīn印yìn紫zǐ绶shòu,避bì武wǔ帝dì讳huì,曰yuē通tōng侯hóu,或huò曰yuē列liè侯hóu,改gǎi所suǒ食shí国guó令lìng长zhǎng名míng相xiāng,又yòu有yǒu家jiā丞chéng、门mén大dà夫fū,庶shù子zi。 诸zhū侯hóu王wáng,高gāo帝dì初chū置zhì,金jīn玺xǐ盩zhōu绶shòu,掌zhǎng治zhì其qí国guó。有yǒu太tài傅fù辅fǔ王wáng,内nèi史shǐ治zhì国guó民mín,中zhōng尉wèi掌zhǎng武wǔ职zhí,丞chéng相xiàng统tǒng众zhòng官guān,群qún卿qīng大dà夫fū都dōu官guān如rú汉hàn朝cháo。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng五wǔ年nián令lìng诸zhū侯hóu王wáng不bù得dé复fù治zhì国guó,天tiān子zi为wèi置zhì吏lì,改gǎi丞chéng相xiàng曰yuē相xiāng,省shěng御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū、廷tíng尉wèi、少shào府fǔ、宗zōng正zhèng、博bó士shì官guān,大dà夫fū、谒yè者zhě、郎láng诸zhū官guān长zhǎng丞chéng皆jiē损sǔn其qí员yuán。武wǔ帝dì改gǎi汉hàn内nèi史shǐ为wèi京jīng光guāng尹yǐn,中zhōng尉wèi为wèi执zhí金jīn吾wú,郎láng中zhōng令lìng为wèi光guāng禄lù勋xūn,故gù王wáng国guó如rú故gù。损sǔn其qí郎láng中zhōng令lìng,秩zhì千qiān石shí;改gǎi太tài仆pū曰yuē仆pū,秩zhì亦yì千qiān石shí。成chéng帝dì绥suí和hé元yuán年nián省shěng内nèi史shǐ,更gèng令lìng相xiāng治zhì民mín,如rú郡jùn太tài守shǒu,中zhōng尉wèi如rú郡jùn都dū尉wèi。 监jiān御yù史shǐ,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng监jiān郡jùn。汉hàn省shěng,丞chéng相xiàng遣qiǎn史shǐ分fēn刺cì州zhōu,不bù常cháng置zhì。武wǔ帝dì元yuán封fēng五wǔ年nián初chū置zhì部bù刺cì史shǐ,掌zhǎng奉fèng诏zhào条tiáo察chá州zhōu,秩zhì六liù百bǎi石shí,员yuán十shí三sān人rén。成chéng帝dì绥suí和hé元yuán年nián更gēng名míng牧mù,秩zhì二èr千qiān石shí。哀āi帝dì建jiàn平píng二èr年nián复fù为wèi刺cì史shǐ,元yuán寿shòu二èr年nián复fù为wèi牧mù。 郡jùn守shǒu,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng治zhì其qí郡jùn,秩zhì二èr千qiān石shí。有yǒu丞chéng,边biān郡jùn又yòu有yǒu长zhǎng史shǐ,掌zhǎng兵bīng马mǎ,秩zhì皆jiē六liù百bǎi石shí。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng二èr年nián更gēng名míng太tài守shǒu。 郡jùn尉wèi,秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng佐zuǒ守shǒu典diǎn武wǔ职zhí甲jiǎ卒zú,秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí。有yǒu丞chéng,秩zhì皆jiē六liù百bǎi石shí。景jǐng帝dì中zhōng二èr年nián更gēng名míng都dū尉wèi。 关guān都dū尉wèi,秦qín官guān。农nóng都dū尉wèi、属shǔ国guó都dū尉wèi,皆jiē武wǔ帝dì初chū置zhì。 县xiàn令lìng、长zhǎng,皆jiē秦qín官guān,掌zhǎng治zhì其qí县xiàn。万wàn户hù以yǐ上shàng为wèi令lìng,秩zhì千qiān石shí至zhì六liù百bǎi石shí。减jiǎn万wàn户hù为wèi长zhǎng,秩zhì五wǔ百bǎi石shí至zhì三sān百bǎi石shí。皆jiē有yǒu丞chéng、尉wèi,秩zhì四sì百bǎi石shí至zhì二èr百bǎi石shí,是shì为wèi长zhǎng吏lì。百bǎi石shí以yǐ下xià有yǒu斗dòu食shí、佐zuǒ史shǐ之zhī秩zhì,是shì为wèi少shǎo吏lì。大dà率shuài十shí里lǐ一yī亭tíng,亭tíng有yǒu长zhǎng;十shí亭tíng一yī乡xiāng,乡xiāng有yǒu三sān老lǎo、有yǒu秩zhì、啬sè夫fū、游yóu徼jiǎo。三sān老lǎo掌zhǎng教jiào化huà;啬sè夫fū职zhí听tīng讼sòng,收shōu赋fù税shuì;游yóu徼jiǎo徼jiǎo循xún禁jìn贼zéi盗dào。县xiàn大dà率shuài方fāng百bǎi里lǐ,其qí民mín稠chóu则zé减jiǎn,稀xī则zé旷kuàng,乡xiāng、亭tíng亦yì如rú之zhī。皆jiē秦qín制zhì也yě。列liè侯hóu所suǒ食shí县xiàn曰yuē国guó,皇huáng太tài后hòu、皇huáng后hòu、公gōng主zhǔ所suǒ食shí曰yuē邑yì,有yǒu蛮mán夷yí曰yuē道dào。凡fán县xiàn、道dào、国guó、邑yì千qiān五wǔ百bǎi八bā十shí七qī,乡xiāng六liù千qiān六liù百bǎi二èr十shí二èr,亭tíng二èr万wàn九jiǔ千qiān六liù百bǎi三sān十shí五wǔ。 凡fán吏lì秩zhì比bǐ二èr千qiān石shí以yǐ上shàng,皆jiē银yín印yìn青qīng绶shòu,光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū无wú。秩zhì比bǐ六liù百bǎi石shí以yǐ上shàng,皆jiē铜tóng印yìn黑hēi绶shòu,大dà夫fū、博bó士shì、御yù史shǐ、谒yè者zhě、郎láng无wú。其qí仆pū射shè、御yù史shǐ治zhì书shū尚shàng符fú玺xǐ者zhě,有yǒu印yìn绶shòu。比bǐ二èr百bǎi石shí以yǐ上shàng,皆jiē铜tóng印yìn黄huáng绶shòu。成chéng帝dì阳yáng朔shuò二èr年nián除chú八bā百bǎi石shí、五wǔ百bǎi石shí秩zhì。绥suí和hé元yuán年nián,长zhǎng、相xiāng皆jiē黑hēi绶shòu。哀āi帝dì建jiàn平píng二èr年nián,复fù黄huáng绶shòu。吏lì员yuán自zì佐zuǒ史shǐ至zhì丞chéng相xiàng,十shí三sān万wàn二èr百bǎi八bā十shí五wǔ人rén。

卷juǎn十shí九jiǔ下xià牥fāng俟qí俟qí浔xún淼miǎo谄chǎn呦yōu

表biǎo略lüè,无wú系xì文wén。

卷juǎn二èr十shí牴dǐ沤ōu袢pàn吮shǔn淼miǎo诎qū

自zì书shū契qì之zhī作zuò,先xiān民mín可kě得dé而ér闻wén者zhě,经jīng传zhuàn所suǒ称chēng,唐táng、虞yú以yǐ上shàng,帝dì王wáng有yǒu号hào谥shì。辅fǔ佐zuǒ不bù可kě得dé而ér称chēng矣yǐ,而ér诸zhū子zi颇pǒ言yán之zhī,虽suī不bù考kǎo虖hū孔kǒng氏shì,然rán犹yóu著zhù在zài篇piān籍jí,归guī乎hū显xiǎn善shàn昭zhāo恶è,劝quàn戒jiè后hòu人rén,故gù博bó采cǎi焉yān。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“若ruò圣shèng与yǔ仁rén,则zé吾wú岂qǐ敢gǎn?”又yòu曰yuē:“何hé事shì于yú仁rén,必bì也yě圣shèng乎hū!”“未wèi知zhī,焉yān得dé仁rén?”“生shēng而ér知zhī之zhī者zhě,上shàng也yě;学xué而ér知zhī之zhī者zhě,次cì也yě;因yīn而ér学xué之zhī,又yòu其qí次cì也yě;困kùn而ér不bù学xué,民mín斯sī为wèi下xià矣yǐ。”又yòu曰yuē:“中zhōng人rén以yǐ上shàng,可kě以yǐ语yǔ上shàng也yě。”“唯wéi上shàng智zhì与yǔ下xià愚yú不bù移yí。”传chuán曰yuē:譬pì如rú尧yáo、舜shùn,禹yǔ、稷jì、卨xiè与yǔ之zhī为wèi善shàn则zé行xíng,鮌gǔn、讙huān兜dōu欲yù与yǔ为wèi恶è则zé诛zhū。可kě与yǔ为wèi善shàn,不bù可kě与yǔ为wèi恶è,是shì谓wèi上shàng智zhì。桀jié、纣zhòu,龙lóng逢féng、比bǐ干gān欲yù与yǔ之zhī为wèi善shàn则zé诛zhū,于yú莘shēn、崇chóng侯hóu与yǔ之zhī为wèi恶è则zé行xíng。可kě与yǔ为wèi恶è,不bù可kě与yǔ为wèi善shàn,是shì谓wèi下xià愚yú。齐qí桓huán公gōng,管guǎn仲zhòng相xiāng之zhī则zé霸bà,竖shù貂diāo辅fǔ之zhī则zé乱luàn。可kě与yǔ为wèi善shàn,可kě与yǔ为wèi恶è,是shì谓wèi中zhōng人rén。因yīn兹zī以yǐ列liè九jiǔ等děng之zhī序xù,究jiū极jí经jīng传zhuàn,继jì世shì相xiāng次cì,总zǒng备bèi古gǔ今jīn之zhī略lüè要yào云yún。

卷juǎn二èr十shí一yī上shàng犅gāng衫shān镜jìng谝pián簧huáng

《虞yú书shū》曰yuē“乃nǎi同tóng律lǜ度dù量liàng衡héng”,所suǒ以yǐ齐qí远yuǎn近jìn,立lì民mín信xìn也yě。自zì伏fú羲xī画huà八bā卦guà,由yóu数shù起qǐ,至zhì黄huáng帝dì、尧yáo、舜shùn而ér大dà备bèi。三sān代dài稽jī古gǔ,法fǎ度dù章zhāng焉yān。周zhōu衰shuāi官guān失shī,孔kǒng子zi陈chén后hòu王wáng之zhī法fǎ,曰yuē:“谨jǐn权quán量liàng,审shěn法fǎ度dù,修xiū废fèi官guān,举jǔ逸yì民mín,四sì方fāng之zhī政zhèng行xíng矣yǐ。”汉hàn兴xīng,北běi平píng侯hóu张zhāng苍cāng首shǒu律lǜ历lì事shì,孝xiào武wǔ帝dì时shí乐yuè官guān考kǎo正zhèng。至zhì元yuán始shǐ中zhōng,王wáng莽mǎng秉bǐng政zhèng,欲yù耀yào名míng誉yù,征zhēng天tiān下xià通tōng知zhī钟zhōng律lǜ者zhě百bǎi余yú人rén,使shǐ羲xī和hé刘liú歆xīn等děng典diǎn领lǐng条tiáo奏zòu,言yán之zhī最zuì详xiáng。故gù删shān其qí伪wěi辞cí,取qǔ正zhèng义yì著zhù于yú篇piān。 一yī曰yuē备bèi数shù,二èr曰yuē和hé声shēng,三sān曰yuē审shěn度duó,四sì曰yuē嘉jiā量liàng,五wǔ曰yuē权quán衡héng。参cān五wǔ以yǐ变biàn,错cuò综zōng其qí数shù,稽jī之zhī于yú古gǔ今jīn,效xiào之zhī于yú气qì物wù,和hé之zhī于yú心xīn耳ěr,考kǎo之zhī于yú经jīng传zhuàn,咸xián得dé其qí实shí,靡mí不bù协xié同tóng。 数shù者zhě,一yī、十shí、百bǎi、千qiān、万wàn也yě,所suǒ以yǐ算suàn数shù事shì物wù,顺shùn性xìng命mìng之zhī理lǐ也yě。《书shū》曰yuē:“先xiān其qí算suàn命mìng。”本běn起qǐ于yú黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī数shù,始shǐ于yú一yī而ér三sān之zhī,三sān三sān积jī之zhī,历lì十shí二èr辰chén之zhī数shù,十shí有yǒu七qī万wàn七qī千qiān一yì百bǎi四sì十shí七qī,而ér五wǔ数shù备bèi矣yǐ。其qí算suàn法fǎ用yòng竹zhú,径jìng一yī分fēn,长zhǎng六liù寸cùn,二èr百bǎi七qī十shí一yī枚méi而ér成chéng六liù觚gū,为wèi一yī握wò。径jìng象xiàng乾qián律lǜ黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī一yī,而ér长zhǎng象xiàng坤kūn吕lǚ林lín钟zhōng之zhī长zhǎng。其qí数shù以yǐ《易yì》大dà衍yǎn之zhī数shù五wǔ十shí,其qí用yòng四sì十shí九jiǔ,成chéng阳yáng六liù爻yáo,得dé周zhōu流liú六liù虚xū之zhī象xiàng也yě。夫fū推tuī历lì生shēng律lǜ制zhì器qì,规guī圜huán矩jǔ方fāng,权quán重zhòng衡héng平píng,准zhǔn绳shéng嘉jiā量liàng,探tàn赜zé索suǒ隐yǐn,钩gōu深shēn至zhì远yuǎn,莫mò不bù用yòng焉yān。度dù长cháng短duǎn者zhě不bù失shī毫háo厘lí,量liàng多duō少shǎo者zhě不bù失shī圭guī撮cuō,权quán轻qīng重zhòng者zhě不bù失shī黍shǔ累lèi。纪jì于yú一yī,协xié于yú十shí,长cháng于yú百bǎi,大dà于yú千qiān,衍yǎn千qiān万wàn,其qí法fǎ在zài算suàn术shù。宣xuān于yú天tiān下xià,小xiǎo学xué是shì则zé。职zhí在zài太tài史shǐ,羲xī和hé掌zhǎng之zhī。 声shēng者zhě,宫gōng、商shāng、角jiǎo、徵zhēng、羽yǔ也yě。所suǒ以yǐ作zuò乐lè者zhě,谐xié八bā音yīn,荡dàng涤dí人rén之zhī邪xié意yì,全quán其qí正zhèng性xìng,移yí风fēng易yì俗sú也yě。八bā音yīn:土tǔ曰yuē埙xūn,匏páo曰yuē笙shēng,皮pí曰yuē鼓gǔ,竹zhú曰yuē管guǎn,丝sī曰yuē弦xián,石shí曰yuē磬qìng,金jīn曰yuē钟zhōng,木mù曰yuē祝zhù。五wǔ声shēng和hé,八bā音yīn谐xié,而ér乐lè成chéng。商shāng之zhī为wèi言yán章zhāng也yě,物wù成chéng孰shú可kě章zhāng度dù也yě。角jiǎo,触chù也yě,物wù触chù地dì而ér出chū,戴dài芒máng角jiǎo也yě。宫gōng,中zhōng也yě,居jū中zhōng央yāng,暢chàng四sì方fāng,唱chàng始shǐ施shī生shēng,为wèi四sì声shēng纲gāng也yě。徵zhēng,祉zhǐ也yě,物wù盛shèng大dà而ér繁fán祉zhǐ也yě。羽yǔ,宇yǔ也yě,物wù聚jù臧zāng,宇yǔ覆fù之zhī地dì。夫fū声shēng者zhě,中zhōng于yú宫gōng,触chù于yú角jiǎo,祉zhǐ于yú徵zhēng,章zhāng于yú商shāng,宇yǔ于yú羽yǔ,故gù四sì声shēng为wèi宫gōng纪jì也yě。协xié之zhī五wǔ行xíng,则zé角jiǎo为wèi木mù,五wǔ常cháng为wèi仁rén,五wǔ事shì为wèi貌mào。商shāng为wèi金jīn,为wèi义yì,为wèi言yán;徵zhēng为wèi火huǒ,为wèi礼lǐ,为wèi视shì;羽yǔ为wèi水shuǐ,为wèi智zhì,为wèi听tīng;宫gōng为wèi土tǔ,为wèi信xìn,为wèi思sī。以yǐ君jūn、臣chén、民mín、事shì、物wù言yán之zhī,则zé宫gōng为wèi君jūn,商shāng为wèi臣chén,角jiǎo为wèi民mín,徵zhēng为wèi事shì,羽yǔ为wèi物wù。唱chàng和hè有yǒu象xiàng,故gù言yán君jūn臣chén位wèi事shì之zhī体tǐ也yě。 五wǔ声shēng为wèi本běn,生shēng于yú黄huáng种zhǒng之zhī律lǜ。九jiǔ寸cùn为wèi宫gōng,或huò损sǔn或huò益yì,以yǐ定dìng商shāng、角jiǎo、徵zhēng、羽yǔ。九jiǔ六liù相xiāng生shēng,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī应yīng也yě。律lǜ十shí有yǒu二èr,阳yáng六liù为wèi律lǜ,阴yīn六liù为wèi吕lǚ。律lǜ以yǐ统tǒng气qì类lèi物wù,一yī曰yuē黄huáng钟zhōng,二èr曰yuē太tài族zú,三sān曰yuē姑gū洗xǐ,四sì曰yuē蕤ruí宾bīn,五wǔ曰yuē夷yí则zé,六liù曰yuē亡wáng射shè。吕lǚ以yǐ旅lǚ阳yáng宣xuān气qì,一yī曰yuē林lín钟zhōng,二èr曰yuē南nán吕lǚ,三sān曰yuē应yīng钟zhōng,四sì曰yuē大dà吕lǚ,五wǔ曰yuē夹jiā钟zhōng,六liù曰yuē中zhōng吕lǚ。有yǒu三sān统tǒng之zhī义yì焉yān。其qí传chuán曰yuē,黄huáng帝dì之zhī所suǒ作zuò也yě。黄huáng帝dì使shǐ泠líng纶lún自zì大dà夏xià之zhī西xī,昆kūn仑lún之zhī阴yīn,取qǔ竹zhú之zhī解jiě谷gǔ,生shēng其qí窍qiào厚hòu均jūn者zhě,断duàn两liǎng节jié间jiān而ér吹chuī之zhī,以yǐ为wéi黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī宫gōng。制zhì十shí二èr筒tǒng以yǐ听tīng凤fèng之zhī鸣míng,其qí雄xióng鸣míng为wèi六liù,雌cí鸣míng亦yì六liù,比bǐ黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī宫gōng,而ér皆jiē可kě以yǐ生shēng之zhī,是shì为wèi律lǜ本běn。至zhì治zhì之zhī世shì,天tiān地dì之zhī气qì合hé以yǐ生shēng风fēng;天tiān地dì之zhī风fēng气qì正zhèng,十shí二èr律lǜ定dìng。 黄huáng钟zhōng:黄huáng者zhě,中zhōng之zhī色sè,君jūn之zhī服fú也yě;钟zhōng者zhě,种zhǒng也yě。天tiān之zhī中zhōng数shù五wǔ,五wǔ为wèi声shēng,声shēng上shàng宫gōng,五wǔ声shēng莫mò大dà焉yān。地dì之zhī中zhōng数shù六liù,六liù为wèi律lǜ,律lǜ有yǒu形xíng有yǒu色sè,色sè上shàng黄huáng,五wǔ色sè莫mò盛shèng焉yān。故gù阳yáng气qì施shī种zhǒng于yú黄huáng泉quán,孳zī萌méng万wàn物wù,为wèi六liù气qì元yuán也yě。以yǐ黄huáng色sè名míng元yuán气qì律lǜ者zhě,著zhù宫gōng声shēng也yě。宫gōng以yǐ九jiǔ唱chàng六liù,变biàn动dòng不bù居jū,周zhōu流liú六liù虚xū。始shǐ于yú子zi,在zài十shí一yī月yuè。大dà吕lǚ:吕lǚ,旅lǚ也yě,言yán阴yīn大dà,旅lǚ助zhù黄huáng钟zhōng宣xuān气qì而ér牙yá物wù也yě。位wèi于yú丑chǒu,在zài十shí二èr月yuè。太tài族zú:族zú,奏zòu也yě,言yán阳yáng气qì大dà,奏zòu地dì而ér达dá物wù也yě。位wèi于yú寅yín,在zài正zhēng月yuè,夹jiā钟zhōng:言yán阴yīn夹jiā助zhù太tài族zú宣xuān四sì方fāng之zhī气qì而ér出chū种zhǒng物wù也yě。位wèi于yú卯mǎo,在zài二èr月yuè。姑gū洗xǐ:洗xǐ,洁jié也yě,言yán阳yáng气qì洗xǐ物wù辜gū浩hào之zhī也yě。位wèi于yú辰chén,在zài三sān月yuè。中zhōng吕lǚ:言yán微wēi阴yīn始shǐ起qǐ未wèi成chéng,著zhù于yú其qí中zhōng旅lǚ助zhù姑gū洗xǐ宣xuān气qì齐qí物wù也yě。位wèi于yú巳sì,在zài四sì月yuè。蕤ruí宾bīn:蕤ruí,继jì也yě;宾bīn,导dǎo也yě,言yán阳yáng始shǐ导dǎo阴yīn气qì使shǐ继jì养yǎng物wù也yě。位wèi于yú午wǔ,在zài五wǔ月yuè。林lín钟zhōng:林lín,君jūn也yě,言yán阴yīn气qì受shòu任rèn,助zhù蕤ruí宾bīn君jūn主zhǔ种zhǒng物wù使shǐ长zhǎng大dà茂mào盛shèng也yě。位wèi于yú未wèi,在zài六liù月yuè。夷yí则zé:则zé,法fǎ也yě,言yán阳yáng气qì正zhèng法fǎ度dù,而ér使shǐ阴yīn气qì夷yí当dāng伤shāng之zhī物wù也yě。位wèi于yú申shēn,在zài七qī月yuè。南nán吕lǚ:南nán,任rèn也yě,言yán阴yīn气qì旅lǚ助zhù夷yí则zé任rèn成chéng万wàn物wù也yě。位wèi于yú酉yǒu,在zài八bā月yuè。亡wáng射shè:射shè,厌yàn也yě,言yán阳yáng气qì究jiū物wù,而ér使shǐ阴yīn气qì毕bì剥bāo落luò之zhī,终zhōng而ér复fù始shǐ,亡wáng厌yàn已yǐ也yě。位wèi于yú戌xū,在zài九jiǔ月yuè。应yīng钟zhōng:言yán阴yīn气qì应yīng亡wáng谢xiè,该gāi臧zāng万wàn物wù而ér杂zá阳yáng阂hé种zhǒng也yě。位wèi于yú亥hài,在zài十shí月yuè。 三sān统tǒng者zhě,天tiān施shī,地dì化huà,人rén事shì之zhī纪jì也yě。十shí一yī月yuè,“乾qián”之zhī初chū九jiǔ,阳yáng气qì伏fú于yú地dì下xià,始shǐ著zhù为wèi一yī,万wàn物wù萌méng动dòng,钟zhōng于yú太tài阴yīn,故gù黄huáng钟zhōng为wèi天tiān统tǒng,律lǜ长zhǎng九jiǔ寸cùn。九jiǔ者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ究jiū极jí中zhōng和hé,为wèi万wàn物wù元yuán也yě。《易yì》曰yuē:“立lì天tiān之zhī道dào,曰yuē阴yīn与yǔ阳yáng。”六liù月yuè,“坤kūn”之zhī初chū六liù,阴yīn气qì受shòu任rèn于yú太tài阳yáng,继jì养yǎng化huà柔róu,万wàn物wù生shēng长zhǎng,茂mào之zhī于yú未wèi,令lìng种zhǒng刚gāng强qiáng大dà,故gù林lín钟zhōng为wèi地dì统tǒng,律lǜ长zhǎng六liù寸cùn。六liù者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ含hán阳yáng之zhī施shī,茂mào之zhī于yú六liù合hé之zhī内nèi,令lìng刚gāng柔róu有yǒu体tǐ也yě“立lì地dì之zhī道dào,曰yuē柔róu与yǔ刚gāng。”“‘乾qián’知zhī太tài始shǐ,‘坤kūn’作zuò成chéng物wù。”正zhēng月yuè,“乾qián”之zhī九jiǔ三sān,万wàn物wù棣dì通tōng,族zú出chū于yú寅yín,人rén奉fèng而ér成chéng之zhī,仁rén以yǐ养yǎng之zhī,义yì以yǐ行xíng之zhī,令lìng事shì物wù各gè得dé其qí理lǐ。寅yín,木mù也yě,为wèi仁rén;其qí声shēng,商shāng也yě,为wèi义yì。故gù太tài族zú为wéi人rén统tǒng,律lǜ长zhǎng八bā寸cùn,象xiàng八bā卦guà,宓mì戏xì氏shì之zhī所suǒ以yǐ顺shùn天tiān地dì,通tōng神shén明míng,类lèi万wàn物wù之zhī情qíng也yě。“立lì人rén之zhī道dào,日rì仁rén与yǔ义yì。”“在zài天tiān成chéng象xiàng,在zài地dì成chéng形xíng。”“后hòu以yǐ裁cái成chéng天tiān地dì之zhī道dào,辅fǔ相xiàng天tiān地dì之zhī宜yí,以yǐ左zuǒ右yòu民mín。”此cǐ三sān律lǜ之zhī谓wèi矣yǐ,是shì为wèi三sān统tǒng。 其qí于yú三sān正zhèng也yě,黄huáng钟zhōng,子zi,为wèi天tiān正zhèng;林lín钟zhōng,未wèi之zhī冲chōng丑chǒu,为wèi地dì正zhèng;太tài族zú,寅yín,为wéi人rén正zhèng。三sān正zhèng正zhèng始shǐ,是shì以yǐ地dì正zhèng适shì其qí始shǐ纽niǔ于yú阳yáng东dōng北běi丑chǒu位wèi。《易yì》曰yuē“东dōng北běi丧sàng朋péng,乃nǎi终zhōng有yǒu庆qìng”,答dā应yìng之zhī道dào也yě。及jí黄huáng钟zhōng为wèi宫gōng,则zé太tài族zú、姑gū洗xǐ、林lín钟zhōng、南nán吕lǚ皆jiē以yǐ正zhèng声shēng应yīng,无wú有yǒu忽hū微wēi,不bù复fù与yǔ它tā律lǜ为wèi役yì者zhě,同tóng心xīn一yī统tǒng之zhī义yì也yě。非fēi黄huáng钟zhōng而ér它tā律lǜ,虽suī当dāng其qí月yuè自zì宫gōng者zhě,则zé其qí和hé应yīng之zhī律lǜ有yǒu空kòng积jī忽hū微wēi,不bù得dé其qí正zhèng。此cǐ黄huáng钟zhōng至zhì尊zūn,亡wáng与yǔ并bìng也yě。 《易yì》曰yuē:“参cān天tiān两liǎng地dì而ér倚yǐ数shù。”天tiān之zhī数shù始shǐ于yú一yī,终zhōng于yú二èr十shí有yǒu五wǔ。其qí义yì纪jì之zhī以yǐ三sān,故gù置zhì一yī得de三sān又yòu二èr十shí五wǔ分fēn之zhī六liù,凡fán二èr十shí五wǔ置zhì,终zhōng天tiān之zhī数shù,得dé八bā十shí一yī,以yǐ天tiān地dì五wǔ位wèi之zhī合hé终zhōng于yú十shí者zhě乘chéng之zhī,为wèi八bā百bǎi一yī十shí分fēn,应yīng历lì一yī统tǒng千qiān五wǔ百bǎi三sān十shí九jiǔ岁suì之zhī章zhāng数shù,黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī实shí也yě。繇yáo此cǐ之zhī义yì,起qǐ十shí二èr律lǜ之zhī周zhōu径jìng。地dì之zhī数shù始shǐ于yú二èr,终zhōng于yú三sān十shí。其qí义yì纪jì之zhī以yǐ两liǎng,故gù置zhì一yī得de二èr,凡fán三sān十shí置zhì,终zhōng地dì之zhī数shù,得dé六liù十shí,以yǐ地dì中zhōng数shù六liù乘chéng之zhī,为wèi三sān百bǎi六liù十shí分fēn,当dāng期qī之zhī日rì,林lín钟zhōng之zhī实shí。人rén者zhě,继jì天tiān顺shùn地dì,序xù气qì成chéng物wù,统tǒng八bā卦guà,调diào八bā风fēng,理lǐ八bā政zhèng,正zhèng八bā节jié,谐xié八bā音yīn,舞wǔ八bā佾yì,监jiān八bā方fāng,被bèi八bā荒huāng,以yǐ终zhōng天tiān地dì之zhī功gōng,故gù八bā八bā六liù十shí四sì。其qí义yì极jí天tiān地dì之zhī变biàn,以yǐ天tiān地dì五wǔ位wèi之zhī合hé终zhōng于yú十shí者zhě乘chéng之zhī,为wèi六liù百bǎi四sì十shí分fēn,以yǐ应yīng六liù十shí四sì卦guà,大dà族zú之zhī实shí也yě。《书shū》曰yuē:“天tiān功gōng人rén其qí代dài之zhī。”天tiān兼jiān地dì,人rén则zé天tiān,故gù以yǐ五wǔ位wèi之zhī合hé乘chéng焉yān,“唯wéi天tiān为wèi大dà,唯wéi尧yáo则zé之zhī”之zhī象xiàng也yě。地dì以yǐ中zhōng数shù乘chéng者zhě,阴yīn道dào理lǐ内nèi,在zài中zhōng馈kuì之zhī象xiàng也yě。三sān统tǒng相xiāng通tōng,故gù黄huáng钟zhōng、林lín钟zhōng、太tài族zú律lǜ长zhǎng皆jiē全quán寸cùn而ér亡wáng余yú分fēn也yě。 天tiān之zhī中zhōng数shù五wǔ,地dì之zhī中zhōng数shù六liù,而ér二èr者zhě为wèi合hé。六liù为wèi虚xū,五wǔ为wèi声shēng,周zhōu流liú于yú六liù虚xū。虚xū者zhě,爻yáo律lǜ夫fū阴yīn阳yáng,登dēng降jiàng运yùn行xíng,列liè为wèi十shí二èr,而ér律lǜ吕lǚ和hé矣yǐ。太tài极jí元yuán气qì,函hán三sān为wèi一yī。极jí,中zhōng也yě。元yuán,始shǐ也yě。行xíng于yú十shí二èr辰chén,始shǐ动dòng于yú子zi。参cān之zhī于yú丑chǒu,得dé三sān。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú寅yín,得dé九jiǔ。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú卯mǎo,得dé二èr十shí七qī。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú辰chén,得dé八bā十shí一yī。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú巳sì,得dé二èr百bǎi四sì十shí三sān。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú午wǔ,得dé七qī百bǎi二èr十shí九jiǔ。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú未wèi,得dé二èr千qiān一yì百bǎi八bā十shí七qī。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú申shēn,得dé六liù千qiān五wǔ百bǎi六liù十shí一yī。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú酉yǒu,得dé万wàn九jiǔ千qiān六liù百bǎi八bā十shí三sān。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú戌xū,得dé五wǔ万wàn九jiǔ千qiān四sì十shí九jiǔ。又yòu参cān之zhī于yú亥hài,得dé十shí七qī万wàn七qī千qiān一yì百bǎi四sì十shí七qī。此cǐ阴yīn阳yáng合hé德dé,气qì钟zhōng于yú子zi,化huà生shēng万wàn物wù者zhě也yě。故gù孳zī萌méng于yú子zi,纽niǔ牙yá于yú丑chǒu,引yǐn达dá于yú寅yín,冒mào茆máo于yú卯mǎo,振zhèn美měi于yú辰chén,已yǐ盛shèng于yú巳sì,咢è布bù于yú午wǔ,昧mèi暧ài于yú未wèi,申shēn坚jiān于yú申shēn,留liú孰shú于yú酉yǒu,毕bì入rù于yú戌xū,该gāi阂hé于yú亥hài。出chū甲jiǎ于yú甲jiǎ,奋fèn轧yà于yú乙yǐ,明míng炳bǐng于yú丙bǐng,大dà盛shèng于yú丁dīng,丰fēng茂mào于yú戊wù,理lǐ纪jì于yú己jǐ,敛liǎn更gèng于yú庚gēng,悉xī新xīn于yú辛xīn,怀huái任rèn于yú壬rén,陈chén揆kuí于yú癸guǐ。故gù阴yīn阳yáng之zhī施shī化huà,万wàn物wù之zhī终zhōng始shǐ,既jì类lèi旅lǚ于yú律lǜ吕lǚ,又yòu经jīng历lì于yú日rì辰chén,而ér变biàn化huà之zhī情qíng可kě见jiàn矣yǐ。 玉yù衡héng杓biāo建jiàn,天tiān之zhī纲gāng也yě;日rì月yuè初chū躔chán,星xīng之zhī纪jì也yě。纲gāng纪jì之zhī交jiāo,以yǐ原yuán始shǐ造zào设shè,合hé乐lè用yòng焉yān。律lǜ吕lǚ唱chàng和hè,以yǐ育yù生shēng成chéng化huà,歌gē奏zòu用yòng焉yān。指zhǐ顾gù取qǔ象xiàng,然rán后hòu阴yīn阳yáng万wàn物wù靡mí不bù条tiáo鬯chàng该gāi成chéng。故gù以yǐ成chéng之zhī数shù忖cǔn该gāi之zhī积jī如rú法fǎ为wèi一yī寸cùn,则zé黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī长zhǎng也yě。参cān分fēn损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng林lín钟zhōng。参cān分fēn林lín钟zhōng益yì一yī,上shàng生shēng太tài族zú。参cān分fēn太tài族zú损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng南nán吕lǚ。参cān分fēn南nán吕lǚ益yì一yī,上shàng生shēng姑gū洗xǐ。参cān分fēn姑gū洗xǐ损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng应yīng钟zhōng。参cān分fēn应yīng钟zhōng益yì一yī,上shàng生shēng蕤ruí宾bīn。参cān分fēn蕤ruí宾bīn损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng大dà吕lǚ。参cān分fēn大dà吕lǚ益yì一yī,上shàng生shēng夷yí则zé。参cān分fēn夷yí则zé损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng夹jiā钟zhōng。参cān分fēn夹jiā钟zhōng益yì一yī,上shàng生shēng亡wáng射shè。参cān分fēn亡wáng射shè损sǔn一yī,下xià生shēng中zhōng吕lǚ。阴yīn阳yáng相xiāng生shēng,自zì黄huáng钟zhōng始shǐ而ér左zuǒ旋xuán,八bā八bā为wéi伍wǔ。其qí法fǎ皆jiē用yòng铜tóng。职zhí在zài大dà乐lè,太tài常cháng掌zhǎng之zhī。 度dù者zhě,分fēn、寸cùn、尺chǐ、丈zhàng、引yǐn也yě,所suǒ以yǐ度dù长cháng短duǎn也yě。本běn起qǐ黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī长zhǎng。以yǐ子zi谷gǔ秬jù黍shǔ中zhōng者zhě,一yī黍shǔ之zhī广guǎng,度dù之zhī九jiǔ十shí分fēn,黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī长zhǎng。一yī为wèi一yī分fēn,十shí分fēn为wèi寸cùn,十shí寸cùn为wèi尺chǐ,十shí尺chǐ为wèi丈zhàng,十shí丈zhàng为wèi引yǐn,而ér五wǔ度dù审shěn矣yǐ。其qí法fǎ用yòng铜tóng,高gāo一yī寸cùn,广guǎng二èr寸cùn,长zhǎng一yī丈zhàng,而ér分fēn、寸cùn、尺chǐ、丈zhàng存cún焉yān。用yòng竹zhú为wèi引yǐn,高gāo一yī分fēn,广guǎng六liù分fēn,长zhǎng十shí丈zhàng,其qí方fāng法fǎ矩jǔ,高gāo广guǎng之zhī数shù,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī象xiàng也yě。分fēn者zhě,自zì三sān微wēi而ér成chéng著zhù,可kě分fēn别bié也yě。寸cùn者zhě,忖cǔn也yě。尺chǐ者zhě,蒦huò也yě。丈zhàng者zhě,张zhāng也yě。引yǐn者zhě,信xìn也yě。夫fū度dù者zhě,别bié于yú分fēn,忖cǔn于yú寸cùn,蒦huò尺chǐ,张zhāng于yú丈zhàng,信xìn于yú引yǐn。引yǐn者zhě,信xìn天tiān下xià也yě。职zhí在zài内nèi官guān,廷tíng尉wèi掌zhǎng之zhī。 量liàng者zhě,龠yuè、合hé、升shēng、斗dòu、斛hú也yě,所suǒ以yǐ量liàng多duō少shǎo也yě。本běn起qǐ于yú黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī龠yuè,用yòng度dù数shù审shěn其qí容róng,以yǐ子zi谷gǔ秬jù黍shǔ中zhōng者zhě千qiān有yǒu二èr百bǎi实shí其qí龠yuè,以yǐ井jǐng水shuǐ准zhǔn其qí概gài。合hé龠yuè为wèi合hé,十shí合hé为wèi升shēng,十shí升shēng为wèi斗dòu,十shí斗dòu为wèi斛hú,而ér五wǔ量liàng嘉jiā矣yǐ。其qí法fǎ用yòng铜tóng,方fāng尺chǐ而ér圜huán其qí外wài,旁páng有yǒu 焉yān。其qí上shàng为wèi斛hú,其qí下xià为wèi斗dòu。左zuǒ耳ěr为wèi升shēng,右yòu耳ěr为wèi合hé龠yuè。其qí状zhuàng似shì爵jué,以yǐ縻mí爵jué禄lù。上shàng三sān下xià二èr,参cān天tiān两liǎng地dì,圜huán而ér函hán方fāng,左zuǒ一yī右yòu二èr,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī象xiàng也yě。其qí圜huán象xiàng规guī,其qí重zhòng二èr钧jūn,备bèi气qì物wù之zhī数shù,合hé万wàn有yǒu一yī千qiān五wǔ百bǎi二èr十shí。声shēng中zhōng黄huáng钟zhōng,始shǐ于yú黄huáng钟zhōng而ér反fǎn覆fù焉yān,君jūn制zhì器qì之zhī象xiàng也yě。龠yuè者zhě,黄huáng钟zhōng律lǜ之zhī实shí也yě,跃yuè微wēi动dòng气qì而ér生shēng物wù也yě。合hé者zhě,合hé龠yuè之zhī量liàng也yě。升shēng者zhě,登dēng合hé之zhī量liàng也yě。斗dòu者zhě,聚jù升shēng之zhī量liàng也yě。斛hú者zhě,角jué斗dòu平píng多duō少shǎo之zhī量liàng也yě。夫fū量liàng者zhě,跃yuè于yú龠yuè,合hé于yú合hé,登dēng于yú升shēng,聚jù于yú斗dòu,角jiǎo于yú斛hú也yě。职zhí在zài太tài仓cāng,大dà司sī农nóng掌zhǎng之zhī。 衡héng权quán者zhě:衡héng,平píng也yě;权quán,重zhòng也yě,衡héng所suǒ以yǐ任rèn权quán而ér均jūn物wù平píng轻qīng重zhòng也yě。其qí道dào如rú底dǐ,以yǐ见jiàn准zhǔn之zhī正zhèng,绳shéng之zhī直zhí,左zuǒ旋xuán见jiàn规guī。右yòu折zhé见jiàn矩jǔ,其qí在zài天tiān也yě,佐zuǒ助zhù旋xuán机jī,斟zhēn酌zhuó建jiàn指zhǐ,以yǐ齐qí七qī政zhèng,故gù曰yuē玉yù衡héng。《论lún语yǔ》云yún:“立lì则zé见jiàn其qí参cān于yú前qián也yě,在zài车chē则zé见jiàn其qí倚yǐ于yú衡héng也yě。”又yòu曰yuē:“齐qí之zhī以yǐ礼lǐ。”此cǐ衡héng在zài前qián居jū南nán方fāng之zhī义yì也yě。 权quán者zhě,铢zhū、两liǎng、斤jīn、钧jūn、石shí也yě,所suǒ以yǐ称chēng物wù平píng施shī,知zhī轻qīng重zhòng也yě。本běn起qǐ于yú黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī重zhòng,一yī龠yuè容róng千qiān二èr百bǎi黍shǔ,重zhòng十shí二èr铢zhū,两liǎng之zhī为wèi两liǎng。二èr十shí四sì铢zhū为wèi两liǎng。十shí六liù两liǎng为wèi斤jīn。三sān十shí斤jīn为wèi钧jūn。四sì钧jūn为wèi石shí。忖cǔn为wèi十shí八bā,《易yì》十shí有yǒu八bā变biàn之zhī象xiàng也yě。五wǔ权quán之zhī制zhì,以yǐ义yì立lì之zhī,以yǐ物wù钧jūn之zhī,其qí余yú小xiǎo大dà之zhī差chà,以yǐ轻qīng重zhòng为wèi宜yí。圜huán而ér环huán之zhī,令lìng之zhī肉ròu倍bèi好hǎo者zhě,周zhōu旋xuán无wú端duān,终zhōng而ér复fù始shǐ,无wú穷qióng已yǐ也yě。铢zhū者zhě,物wù繇yáo忽hū微wēi始shǐ,至zhì于yú成chéng著zhù,可kě殊shū异yì也yě。两liǎng者zhě,两liǎng黄huáng钟zhōng律lǜ之zhī重zhòng也yě。二èr十shí四sì铢zhū而ér成chéng两liǎng者zhě,二èr十shí四sì气qì之zhī象xiàng也yě。斤jīn者zhě,明míng也yě,三sān百bǎi八bā十shí四sì铢zhū,《易yì》二èr篇piān之zhī爻yáo,阴yīn阳yáng变biàn动dòng之zhī象xiàng也yě。十shí六liù两liǎng成chéng斤jīn者zhě,四sì时shí乘chéng四sì方fāng之zhī象xiàng也yě。钧jūn者zhě,均jūn也yě,阳yáng施shī其qí气qì,阴yīn化huà其qí物wù,皆jiē得dé其qí成chéng就jiù平píng均jūn也yě。权quán与yǔ物wù均jūn,重zhòng万wàn一yī千qiān五wǔ百bǎi二èr十shí铢zhū,当dāng万wàn物wù之zhī象xiàng也yě。四sì百bǎi八bā十shí两liǎng者zhě,六liù旬xún行xíng八bā节jié之zhī象xiàng也yě。三sān十shí斤jīn成chéng钧jūn者zhě,一yí月yuè之zhī象xiàng也yě。石shí者zhě,大dà也yě,权quán之zhī大dà者zhě也yě。始shǐ于yú铢zhū,两liǎng于yú两liǎng,明míng于yú斤jīn,均jūn于yú钧jūn,终zhōng于yú石shí,物wù终zhōng石shí大dà也yě。四sì钧jūn为wèi石shí者zhě,四sì时shí之zhī象xiàng也yě。重zhòng百bǎi二èr十shí斤jīn者zhě,十shí二èr月yuè之zhī象xiàng也yě。终zhōng于yú十shí二èr辰chén而ér复fù于yú子zi,黄huáng钟zhōng之zhī象xiàng也yě。千qiān九jiǔ百bǎi二èr十shí两liǎng者zhě,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī数shù也yě。三sān百bǎi八bā十shí四sì爻yáo,五wǔ行xíng之zhī象xiàng也yě。四sì万wàn六liù千qiān八bā十shí铢zhū者zhě,万wàn一yī千qiān五wǔ百bǎi二èr十shí物wù历lì四sì时shí之zhī象xiàng也yě。而ér岁suì功gōng成chéng就jiù,五wǔ权quán谨jǐn矣yǐ。 权quán与yǔ物wù钧jūn而ér生shēng衡héng,衡héng运yùn生shēng规guī,规guī圜huán生shēng矩jǔ,矩jǔ方fāng生shēng绳shéng,绳shéng直zhí生shēng准zhǔn,准zhǔn正zhèng则zé平píng衡héng而ér钧jūn权quán矣yǐ。是shì为wèi五wǔ则zé。规guī者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ规guī圜huán器qì械xiè,令lìng得dé其qí类lèi也yě。矩jǔ者zhě,矩jǔ方fāng器qì械xiè,令lìng不bù失shī其qí形xíng也yě。规guī矩jǔ相xiāng须xū,阴yīn阳yáng位wèi序xù,圜huán方fāng乃nǎi成chéng。准zhǔn者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ揆kuí平píng取qǔ正zhèng也yě。绳shéng者zhě,上shàng下xià端duān直zhí,经jīng纬wěi四sì通tōng也yě。准zhǔn绳shéng连lián体tǐ,衡héng权quán合hé德dé,百bǎi工gōng繇yáo焉yān,以yǐ定dìng法fǎ式shì,辅fǔ弼bì执zhí玉yù,以yǐ冀jì天tiān子zi。《诗shī》云yún:“尹yǐn氏shì大dà师shī,秉bǐng国guó之zhī钧jūn,四sì方fāng是shì维wéi,天tiān子zi是shì毘pí,俾bǐ民mín不bù迷mí。”咸xián有yǒu五wǔ象xiàng,其qí义yì一yī也yě。以yǐ阴yīn阳yáng言yán之zhī,大dà阴yīn者zhě,北běi方fāng。北běi,伏fú也yě,阳yáng气qì伏fú于yú下xià,于yú时shí为wèi冬dōng。冬dōng,终zhōng也yě,物wù终zhōng臧zāng,乃nǎi可kě称chēng。水shuǐ润rùn下xià。知zhī者zhě谋móu,谋móu者zhě重zhòng,故gù为wèi权quán也yě。大dà阳yáng者zhě,南nán方fāng。南nán,任rèn也yě,阳yáng气qì任rèn养yǎng物wù,于yú时shí为wèi夏xià。夏xià,假jiǎ也yě,物wù假jiǎ大dà,乃nǎi宣xuān平píng。火huǒ炎yán上shàng。礼lǐ者zhě齐qí,齐qí者zhě平píng,故gù为wèi衡héng也yě。少shǎo阴yīn者zhě,西xī方fāng。西xī,迁qiān也yě,阴yīn气qì迁qiān落luò物wù,于yú时shí为wèi秋qiū。秋qiū 也yě,物wù 敛liǎn,乃nǎi成chéng孰shú。金jīn从cóng革gé,改gǎi更gèng也yě。义yì者zhě成chéng,成chéng者zhě方fāng,故gù为wèi矩jǔ也yě。少shǎo阳yáng者zhě,东dōng方fāng。东dōng,动dòng也yě,阳yáng气qì动dòng物wù,于yú时shí为wèi春chūn。春chūn,蠢chǔn也yě,物wù蠢chǔn生shēng,乃nǎi动dòng运yùn。木mù曲qū直zhí。仁rén者zhě生shēng,生shēng者zhě圜huán,故gù为wèi规guī也yě。中zhōng央yāng者zhě,阴yīn阳yáng之zhī内nèi,四sì方fāng之zhī中zhōng,经jīng纬wěi通tōng达dá,乃nǎi能néng端duān直zhí,于yú时shí为wèi四sì季jì。土tǔ稼jià啬sè蕃fān息xī。信xìn者zhě诚chéng,诚chéng者zhě直zhí,故gù为wèi绳shéng也yě。五wǔ则zé揆kuí物wù,有yǒu轻qīng重zhòng、圜huán方fāng、平píng直zhí、阴yīn阳yáng之zhī义yì,四sì方fāng、四sì时shí之zhī体tǐ,五wǔ常cháng、五wǔ行xíng之zhī象xiàng。厥jué法fǎ有yǒu品pǐn,各gè顺shùn其qí方fāng而ér应yīng其qí行xíng。职zhí在zài大dà行xíng,鸿hóng胪lú掌zhǎng之zhī。 《书shū》曰yuē:“予yǔ欲yù闻wén六liù律lǜ、五wǔ声shēng、八bā音yīn、七qī始shǐ咏yǒng,以yǐ出chū内nèi五wǔ言yán,女nǚ听tīng。”予yǔ者zhě,帝dì舜shùn也yě。言yán以yǐ律lǜ吕lǚ和hé五wǔ声shēng,施shī之zhī八bā音yīn,合hé之zhī成chéng乐lè。七qī者zhě,天tiān地dì四sì时shí人rén之zhī始shǐ也yě。顺shùn以yǐ歌gē咏yǒng五wǔ常cháng之zhī言yán,听tīng之zhī则zé顺shùn乎hū天tiān地dì,序xù乎hū四sì时shí,应yīng人rén伦lún,本běn阴yīn阳yáng,原yuán情qíng性xìng,风fēng之zhī以yǐ德dé,感gǎn之zhī以yǐ乐lè,莫mò不bù同tóng乎hū一yī。唯wéi圣shèng人rén为wéi能néng同tóng天tiān下xià之zhī意yì,故gù帝dì舜shùn欲yù闻wén之zhī也yě。今jīn广guǎng延yán群qún儒rú,博bó谋móu讲jiǎng道dào,修xiū明míng旧jiù典diǎn,同tóng律lǜ,审shěn度duó,嘉jiā量liàng,平píng衡héng,均jūn权quán,正zhèng准zhǔn,直zhí绳shéng,立lì于yú五wǔ则zé,备bèi数shù和hé声shēng,以yǐ利lì兆zhào民mín,贞zhēn天tiān下xià于yú一yī,同tóng海hǎi内nèi之zhī归guī。凡fán律lǜ、度dù、量liàng、衡héng用yòng铜tóng者zhě,各gè自zì名míng也yě,所suǒ以yǐ同tóng天tiān下xià,齐qí风fēng俗sú也yě。铜tóng为wèi物wù之zhī至zhì精jīng,不bù为wèi燥zào湿shī、寒hán暑shǔ变biàn其qí节jié,不bù为wèi风fēng雨yǔ、暴bào露lù改gǎi其qí形xíng,介jiè然rán有yǒu常cháng,有yǒu似shì于yú士shì君jūn子zǐ之zhī行xíng,是shì以yǐ用yòng铜tóng也yě。用yòng竹zhú为wèi引yǐn者zhě,事shì之zhī宜yí也yě。 历lì数shù之zhī起qǐ上shàng矣yǐ。传chuán述shù颛zhuān顼xū命mìng南nán正zhèng重zhòng司sī天tiān,火huǒ正zhèng黎lí司sī地dì,其qí后hòu三sān苗miáo乱luàn德dé,二èr官guān咸xián废fèi,而ér闰rùn余yú乖guāi次cì,孟mèng陬zōu殄tiǎn灭miè,摄shè提tí失shī方fāng。尧yáo复fù育yù重zhòng、黎lí之zhī后hòu,使shǐ纂zuǎn其qí业yè,故gù《书shū》曰yuē:“乃nǎi命mìng羲xī、和hé,钦qīn若ruò昊hào天tiān,历lì象xiàng日rì月yuè星xīng辰chén,敬jìng授shòu民mín时shí。”“岁suì三sān百bǎi有yǒu六liù旬xún有yǒu六liù日rì,以yǐ闰rùn月yuè定dìng四sì时shí成chéng岁suì,允yǔn厘lí百bǎi官guān,众zhòng功gōng皆jiē美měi。”其qí后hòu以yǐ授shòu舜shùn曰yuē:“咨zī尔ěr舜shùn,天tiān之zhī历lì数shù在zài尔ěr躬gōng。”“舜shùn亦yì以yǐ命mìng禹yǔ。”至zhì周zhōu武wǔ王wáng访fǎng箕jī子zi,箕jī子zi言yán大dà法fǎ九jiǔ章zhāng,而ér五wǔ纪jì明míng历lì法fǎ。故gù自zì殷yīn、周zhōu,皆jiē创chuàng业yè改gǎi制zhì,咸xián正zhèng历lì纪jì,服fú色sè从cóng之zhī,顺shùn其qí时shí气qì,以yǐ应yīng天tiān道dào。三sān代dài既jì没méi,五wǔ伯bó之zhī末mò,史shǐ官guān丧sàng纪jì,畴chóu人rén子zǐ弟dì分fēn散sàn,或huò在zài夷yí狄dí,故gù其qí所suǒ记jì,有yǒu《黄huáng帝dì》、《颛zhuān顼xū》、《夏xià》、《殷yīn》、《周zhōu》及jí《鲁lǔ历lì》。战zhàn国guó扰rǎo攘rǎng,秦qín兼jiān天tiān下xià,未wèi皇huáng暇xiá也yě,亦yì颇pǒ推tuī五wǔ胜shèng,而ér自zì以yǐ获huò水shuǐ德dé,乃nǎi以yǐ十shí月yuè为wèi正zhèng,色sè上shàng黑hēi。 汉hàn兴xīng,方fāng纲gāng纪jì大dà基jī,庶shù事shì草cǎo创chuàng,袭xí秦qín正zhēng朔shuò。以yǐ北běi平píng侯hóu张zhāng苍cāng言yán,用yòng《颛zhuān顼xū历lì》,比bǐ于yú六liù历lì,疏shū阔kuò中zhōng最zuì为wèi微wēi近jìn。然rán正zhēng朔shuò服fú色sè,未wèi睹dǔ其qí真zhēn,而ér朔shuò晦huì月yuè见jiàn,弦xián望wàng满mǎn亏kuī,多duō非fēi是shì。 至zhì武wǔ帝dì元yuán封fēng七qī年nián,汉hàn兴xīng百bǎi二èr岁suì矣yǐ,大dà中zhōng大dà夫fū公gōng孙sūn卿qīng、壶hú遂suì、太tài史shǐ令lìng司sī马mǎ迁qiān等děng言yán“历lì纪jì坏huài废fèi,宜yí改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò”。是shì时shí御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū砜fēng砻lóng骶dǐ酰xiān夏xià粟sù碓duì唬hǔ骸hái坝bà氩yà┦抗kàng惨cǎn椋liáng褚chǔ撕sī我wǒ晕yūn罚fá糠kāng色sè何hé上shàng?”宽kuān与yǔ博bó士shì赐cì等děng议yì,皆jiē曰yuē:“帝dì王wáng必bì改gǎi正zhèng朔shuò,易yì服fú色sè,所suǒ以yǐ明míng受shòu命mìng于yú天tiān也yě。创chuàng业yè变biàn改gǎi,制zhì不bù相xiāng复fù,推tuī传chuán序xù文wén,则zé今jīn夏xià时shí也yě。臣chén等děng闻wén学xué褊biǎn陋lòu,不bù能néng明míng。陛bì下xià躬gōng圣shèng发fā愤fèn,昭zhāo配pèi天tiān地dì,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi三sān统tǒng之zhī制zhì,后hòu圣shèng复fù前qián圣shèng者zhě,二èr代dài在zài前qián也yě。今jīn二èr代dài之zhī统tǒng绝jué而ér不bù序xù矣yǐ,唯wéi陛bì下xià发fā圣shèng德dé,宣xuān考kǎo天tiān地dì四sì时shí之zhī极jí,则zé顺shùn阴yīn阳yáng以yǐ定dìng大dà明míng之zhī制zhì,为wèi万wàn世shì则zé。”于yú是shì乃nǎi诏zhào御yù史shǐ曰yuē:“乃nǎi者zhě有yǒu司sī言yán历lì未wèi定dìng,广guǎng延yán宣xuān问wèn,以yǐ考kǎo星xīng度dù,未wèi能néng雠chóu也yě。盖gài闻wén古gǔ者zhě黄huáng帝dì合hé而ér不bù死sǐ,名míng察chá发fā敛liǎn,定dìng清qīng浊zhuó,起qǐ五wǔ部bù,建jiàn气qì物wù分fēn数shù。然rán则zé上shàng矣yǐ。书shū缺quē乐lè弛chí,朕zhèn甚shèn难nán之zhī。依yī违wéi以yǐ惟wéi,未wèi能néng修xiū明míng。其qí以yǐ七qī年nián为wèi元yuán年nián。”遂suì诏zhào卿qīng、遂suì、迁qiān与yǔ侍shì郎láng尊zūn、大dà典diǎn星xīng射shè姓xìng等děng议yì造zào《汉hàn历lì》。乃nǎi定dìng东dōng西xī,立lì晷guǐ仪yí,下xià漏lòu刻kè,以yǐ追zhuī二èr十shí八bā宿xiù相xiāng距jù于yú四sì方fāng,举jǔ终zhōng以yǐ定dìng朔shuò晦huì分fēn至zhì,躔chán离lí弦xián望wàng。乃nǎi以yǐ前qián历lì上shàng元yuán泰tài初chū四sì千qiān六liù百bǎi一yī十shí七qī岁suì,至zhì于yú元yuán封fēng七qī年nián,复fù得dé阏è逢féng摄shè提tí格gé之zhī岁suì,中zhōng冬dōng十shí一yī月yuè甲jiǎ子zi朔shuò旦dàn冬dōng至zhì,日rì月yuè在zài建jiàn星xīng,太tài岁suì在zài子zi,已yǐ得dé太tài初chū本běn星xīng度dù新xīn正zhēng。姓xìng等děng奏zòu不bù能néng为wèi算suàn,愿yuàn募mù治zhì历lì者zhě,更gèng造zào密mì度dù,各gè自zì增zēng减jiǎn,以yǐ造zào《汉hàn太tài初chū历lì》。乃nǎi选xuǎn治zhì历lì邓dèng平píng及jí长cháng乐lè司sī马mǎ可kě、酒jiǔ泉quán候hòu宜yí君jūn、侍shì郎láng尊zūn及jí与yǔ民mín间jiān治zhì历lì者zhě,凡fán二èr十shí余yú人rén,方fāng士shì唐táng都dōu、巴bā郡jùn落là下xià闳hóng与yǔ焉yān。都dōu分fēn天tiān部bù,而ér闳hóng运yùn算suàn转zhuǎn历lì。其qí法fǎ以yǐ律lǜ起qǐ历lì,曰yuē:“律lǜ容róng一yī龠yuè,积jī八bā十shí一yī寸cùn,则zé一yī日rì之zhī分fēn也yě。与yǔ长zhǎng相xiàng终zhōng。律lǜ长zhǎng九jiǔ寸cùn,百bǎi七qī十shí一yī分fēn而ér终zhōng复fù。三sān复fù而ér得dé甲jiǎ子zi。夫fū律lǜ阴yīn阳yáng九jiǔ六liù,爻yáo象xiàng所suǒ从cóng出chū也yě。故gù黄huáng钟zhōng纪jì元yuán气qì之zhī谓wèi律lǜ。律lǜ,法fǎ也yě,莫mò不bù取qǔ法fǎ焉yān。”与yǔ邓dèng平píng所suǒ治zhì同tóng。于yú是shì皆jiē观guān新xīn星xīng度dù、日rì月yuè行xíng,更gèng以yǐ算suàn推tuī,如rú闳hóng、平píng法fǎ。法fǎ,一yí月yuè之zhī日rì二èr十shí九jiǔ日rì八bā十shí一yī分fēn日rì之zhī四sì十shí三sān。先xiān藉jí半bàn日rì,名míng曰yuē阳yáng历lì;不bù藉jí,名míng曰yuē阴yīn历lì。所suǒ谓wèi阳yáng历lì者zhě,先xiān朔shuò月yuè生shēng;阴yīn历lì者zhě,朔shuò而ér后hòu月yuè乃nǎi生shēng。平píng曰yuē:“阳yáng历lì朔shuò皆jiē先xiān旦dàn月yuè生shēng,以yǐ朝cháo诸zhū侯hóu王wáng群qún臣chén便biàn。”乃nǎi诏zhào迁qiān用yòng邓dèng平píng所suǒ造zào八bā十shí一yī分fēn律lǜ历lì,罢bà废fèi尤yóu疏shū远yuǎn者zhě十shí七qī家jiā,复fù使shǐ校xiào历lì律lǜ昏hūn明míng。宦huàn者zhě淳chún于yú陵líng渠qú复fù覆fù《太tài初chū历lì》晦huì、朔shuò、弦xián、望wàng,皆jiē最zuì密mì,日rì月yuè如rú合hé璧bì,五wǔ星xīng如rú连lián珠zhū。陵líng渠qú奏zòu状zhuàng,遂suì用yòng邓dèng平píng历lì,以yǐ平píng为wèi太tài史shǐ丞chéng。 后hòu二èr十shí七qī年nián,元yuán凤fèng三sān年nián,太tài史shǐ令lìng张zhāng寿shòu王wáng上shàng书shū言yán:“历lì者zhě天tiān地dì之zhī大dà纪jì,上shàng帝dì所suǒ为wèi。传chuán黄huáng帝dì《调diào律lǜ历lì》,汉hàn元yuán年nián以yǐ来lái用yòng之zhī。今jīn阴yīn阳yáng不bù调diào,宜yí更gèng历lì之zhī过guò也yě。”诏zhào下xià主zhǔ历lì使shǐ者zhě鲜xiān于yú妄wàng人rén诘jié问wèn,寿shòu王wáng不bù服fú。妄wàng人rén请qǐng与yǔ治zhì历lì大dà司sī农nóng中zhōng丞chéng麻má光guāng等děng二èr十shí余yú人rén杂zá候hòu日rì、月yuè、晦huì、朔shuò、弦xián、望wàng、八bā节jié、二èr十shí四sì气qì,钧jūn校xiào诸zhū历lì用yòng状zhuàng。奏zòu可kě。诏zhào与yǔ丞chéng相xiàng、御yù史shǐ、大dà将jiāng军jūn、右yòu将jiāng军jūn史shǐ各gè一yī人rén杂zá候hòu上shàng林lín清qīng台tái,课kè诸zhū历lì疏shū密mì,凡fán十shí一yī家jiā。以yǐ元yuán凤fèng三sān年nián十shí一yī月yuè朔shuò旦dàn冬dōng至zhì,尽jǐn五wǔ年nián十shí二èr月yuè,各gè有yǒu第dì。寿shòu王wáng课kè疏shū远yuǎn。案àn汉hàn元yuán年nián不bù用yòng黄huáng帝dì《调diào历lì》,寿shòu王wáng非fēi汉hàn历lì,朔shuò天tiān道dào,非fēi所suǒ宜yí言yán,大dà不bù敬jìng。有yǒu诏zhào勿wù劾hé。复fù候hòu,尽jǐn六liù年nián。《太tài初chū历lì》第dì一yī。即jí墨mò徐xú万wàn且qiě、长cháng安ān徐xú禹yǔ治zhì《太tài初chū历lì》亦yì第dì一yī。寿shòu王wáng及jí待dài诏zhào李lǐ信xìn治zhì黄huáng帝dì《调diào历lì》,课kè皆jiē疏shū阔kuò,又yòu言yán黄huáng帝dì至zhì元yuán凤fèng三sān年nián六liù千qiān余yú岁suì。丞chéng相xiàng属shǔ宝bǎo、长cháng安ān单dān安ān国guó、安ān陵líng杯bēi育yù治zhì《终zhōng始shǐ》,言yán黄huáng帝dì以yǐ来lái三sān千qiān六liù百bǎi二èr十shí九jiǔ岁suì,不bù与yǔ寿shòu王wáng合hé。寿shòu王wáng又yòu移yí《帝dì王wáng录lù》,舜shùn、禹yǔ年nián岁suì不bù合hé人rén年nián。寿shòu王wáng言yán化huà益yì为wèi天tiān子zi代dài禹yǔ,骊lí山shān女nǚ亦yì为wèi天tiān子zi,在zài殷yīn、周zhōu间jiān,皆jiē不bù合hé经jīng术shù。寿shòu王wáng历lì乃nǎi太tài史shǐ官guān《殷yīn历lì》也yě。寿shòu王wáng猥wěi曰yuē安ān得dé五wǔ家jiā历lì,又yòu妄wàng盲máng《太tài初chū历lì》亏kuī四sì分fēn日rì之zhī三sān,去qù小xiǎo余yú七qī百bǎi五wǔ分fēn,以yǐ故gù阴yīn阳yáng不bù调diào,谓wèi之zhī乱luàn世shì。劾hé寿shòu王wáng吏lì八bā百bǎi石shí,古gǔ之zhī大dà夫fū,服fú儒rú衣yī,诵sòng不bù详xiáng之zhī辞cí,作zuò袄ǎo言yán欲yù乱luàn制zhì度dù,不bù道dào。奏zòu可kě。寿shòu王wáng候hòu课kè,比bǐ三sān年nián下xià,终zhōng不bù服fú。再zài劾hé死sǐ,更gèng赦shè勿wù劾hé,遂suì不bù更gèng言yán,诽fěi谤bàng益yì甚shèn,竟jìng以yǐ下xià吏lì。故gù历lì本běn之zhī验yàn在zài于yú天tiān,自zì汉hàn历lì初chū起qǐ,尽jǐn元yuán凤fèng六liù年nián,三sān十shí六liù岁suì,而ér是shì非fēi坚jiān定dìng。 至zhì孝xiào成chéng世shì,刘liú向xiàng总zǒng六liù历lì,列liè是shì非fēi,作zuò《五wǔ纪jì论lùn》。向xiàng子zi歆xīn究jiū其qí微wēi眇miǎo,作zuò《三sān统tǒng历lì》及jí《谱pǔ》以yǐ说shuō《春chūn秋qiū》,推tuī法fǎ密mì要yào,故gù述shù焉yān。 夫fū历lì《春chūn秋qiū》者zhě,天tiān时shí也yě,列liè人rén事shì而ér因yīn以yǐ天tiān时shí。传chuán曰yuē:“民mín受shòu天tiān地dì之zhī中zhōng以yǐ生shēng,所suǒ谓wèi命mìng也yě。是shì故gù有yǒu礼lǐ谊yì动dòng作zuò威wēi仪yí之zhī则zé以yǐ定dìng命mìng也yě,能néng者zhě养yǎng以yǐ之zhī福fú,不bù能néng者zhě败bài以yǐ取qǔ祸huò。”故gù列liè十shí二èr公gōng二èr百bǎi四sì十shí二èr年nián之zhī事shì,以yǐ阴yīn阳yáng之zhī中zhōng制zhì其qí礼lǐ。故gù春chūn为wèi阳yáng中zhōng,万wàn物wù以yǐ生shēng;秋qiū为wèi阴yīn中zhōng,万wàn物wù以yǐ成chéng。是shì以yǐ事shì举jǔ其qí中zhōng,礼lǐ取qǔ其qí和hé,历lì数shù以yǐ闰rùn正zhèng天tiān地dì之zhī中zhōng,以yǐ作zuò事shì厚hòu生shēng,皆jiē所suǒ以yǐ定dìng命mìng也yě。《易yì》金jīn、火huǒ相xiāng革gé之zhī卦guà曰yuē“汤tāng、武wǔ革gé命mìng,顺shùn乎hū天tiān而ér应yīng乎hū人rén”,又yòu曰yuē“治zhì历lì明míng时shí”,所suǒ以yǐ和hé人rén道dào也yě。 周zhōu道dào既jì衰shuāi,幽yōu王wáng既jì丧sàng,天tiān子zi不bù能néng班bān朔shuò,鲁lǔ历lì不bù正zhèng,以yǐ闰rùn余yú一yī之zhī岁suì为wèi 首shǒu。故gù《春chūn秋qiū》刺cì“十shí一yī月yuè乙yǐ亥hài朔shuò,日rì有yǒu食shí之zhī”。于yú是shì辰chén在zài申shēn,而ér司sī历lì以yǐ为wéi在zài建jiàn戌xū,史shǐ书shū建jiàn亥hài。哀āi十shí二èr年nián,亦yì以yǐ建jiàn申shēn流liú火huǒ之zhī月yuè为wèi建jiàn亥hài,而ér怪guài蛰zhé虫chóng之zhī不bù伏fú也yě。自zì文wén公gōng闰rùn月yuè不bù告gào朔shuò,至zhì此cǐ百bǎi有yǒu余yú年nián,莫mò能néng正zhèng历lì数shù。故gù子zi贡gòng欲yù去qù其qí饩xì羊yáng,孔kǒng子zi爱ài其qí礼lǐ,而ér著zhù其qí法fǎ于yú《春chūn秋qiū》。《经jīng》曰yuē:“冬dōng十shí月yuè朔shuò,日rì有yǒu食shí之zhī。”《传chuán》曰yuē:“不bù书shū日rì,官guān失shī之zhī也yě。天tiān子zi有yǒu日rì官guān,诸zhū侯hóu有yǒu日rì御yù,日rì官guān居jū卿qīng以yǐ底dǐ日rì,礼lǐ也yě。日rì御yù不bù失shī日rì以yǐ授shòu百bǎi官guān于yú朝cháo。”言yán告gào朔shuò也yě。元yuán典diǎn历lì始shǐ曰yuē元yuán。《传chuán》曰yuē:“元yuán,善shàn之zhī长zhǎng也yě。”共gòng养yǎng三sān德dé为wèi善shàn。又yòu曰yuē:“元yuán,体tǐ之zhī长zhǎng也yě。”合hé三sān体tǐ而ér为wèi之zhī原yuán,故gù曰yuē元yuán。于yú春chūn三sān月yuè,每měi月yuè书shū王wáng,元yuán之zhī三sān统tǒng也yě。三sān统tǒng合hé于yú一yī元yuán,故gù因yīn元yuán一yī而ér九jiǔ三sān之zhī以yǐ为wéi法fǎ,十shí一yī三sān之zhī以yǐ为wéi实shí。实shí如rú法fǎ得dé一yī。黄huáng钟zhōng初chū九jiǔ,律lǜ之zhī首shǒu,阳yáng之zhī变biàn也yě。因yīn而ér六liù之zhī,以yǐ九jiǔ为wèi法fǎ,得dé林lín钟zhōng初chū六liù,吕lǚ之zhī首shǒu,阴yīn之zhī变biàn也yě。皆jiē参cān天tiān两liǎng地dì之zhī法fǎ也yě。上shàng生shēng六liù而ér倍bèi之zhī,下xià生shēng六liù而ér损sǔn之zhī,皆jiē以yǐ九jiǔ为wèi法fǎ。九jiǔ六liù,阴yīn阳yáng、夫fū妇fù、子zi母mǔ之zhī道dào也yě。律lǜ娶qǔ妻qī而ér吕lǚ生shēng子zi,天tiān地dì之zhī情qíng也yě。六liù律lǜ六liù吕lǚ,而ér十shí二èr辰chén立lì矣yǐ。五wǔ声shēng清qīng浊zhuó,而ér十shí日rì行xíng矣yǐ。《传chuán》曰yuē“天tiān六liù地dì五wǔ”,数shù之zhī常cháng也yě。天tiān有yǒu六liù气qì,降jiàng生shēng五wǔ味wèi。夫fū五wǔ六liù者zhě,天tiān地dì之zhī中zhōng合hé,而ér民mín所suǒ受shòu以yǐ生shēng也yě。故gù日rì有yǒu六liù甲jiǎ,辰chén有yǒu五wǔ子zi,十shí一yī而ér天tiān地dì之zhī道dào毕bì,言yán终zhōng而ér复fù始shǐ。太tài极jí中zhōng央yāng元yuán气qì,故gù为wèi黄huáng钟zhōng,其qí实shí一yī龠yuè,以yǐ其qí长zhǎng自zì乘chéng,故gù八bā十shí一yī为wèi日rì法fǎ,所suǒ以yǐ生shēng权quán衡héng、度dù量liàng,礼lǐ乐yuè之zhī所suǒ繇yáo出chū也yě。《经jīng》元yuán,一yī以yǐ统tǒng始shǐ,《易yì》太tài极jí之zhī首shǒu也yě。春chūn秋qiū二èr以yǐ目mù岁suì,《易yì》两liǎng仪yí之zhī中zhōng也yě。于yú春chūn每měi月yuè书shū王wáng,《易yì》三sān极jí之zhī统tǒng也yě。于yú四sì时shí虽suī亡wáng事shì必bì书shū时shí月yuè,《易yì》四sì象xiàng之zhī节jié也yě。时shí月yuè以yǐ建jiàn分fēn、至zhì、启qǐ、闭bì之zhī分fēn,《易yì》八bā卦guà之zhī位wèi也yě。象xiàng事shì成chéng败bài,《易yì》吉jí凶xiōng之zhī效xiào也yě。朝cháo聘pìn会huì盟méng,《易yì》大dà业yè之zhī本běn也yě。故gù《易yì》与yǔ《春chūn秋qiū》,天tiān人rén之zhī道dào也yě。《传chuán》曰yuē:“龟guī,象xiàng也yě。筮shì,数shù也yě,物wù生shēng而ér后hòu有yǒu象xiàng,象xiàng而ér后hòu有yǒu滋zī,滋zī而ér后hòu有yǒu数shù。” 是shì故gù元yuán始shǐ有yǒu象xiàng一yī也yě,春chūn秋qiū二èr也yě,三sān统tǒng三sān也yě,四sì时shí四sì也yě,合hé而ér为wèi十shí,成chéng五wǔ体tǐ。以yǐ五wǔ乘chéng十shí,大dà衍yǎn之zhī数shù也yě,而ér道dào据jù其qí一yī,其qí余yú四sì十shí九jiǔ,所suǒ当dāng用yòng也yě,故gù蓍shī以yǐ为wéi数shù。以yǐ象xiàng两liǎng两liǎng之zhī,又yòu以yǐ象xiàng三sān三sān之zhī,又yòu以yǐ象xiàng四sì四sì之zhī,又yòu归guī奇qí象xiàng闰rùn十shí九jiǔ,及jí所suǒ据jù一yī加jiā之zhī,因yīn以yǐ再zài 两liǎng之zhī,是shì为wèi月yuè法fǎ之zhī实shí。如rú日rì法fǎ得dé一yī,则zé一yí月yuè之zhī日rì数shù也yě,而ér三sān辰chén之zhī会huì交jiāo矣yǐ,是shì以yǐ能néng生shēng吉jí凶xiōng。故gù《易yì》曰yuē:“天tiān一yī地dì二èr,天tiān三sān地dì四sì,天tiān五wǔ地dì六liù,天tiān七qī地dì八bā,天tiān九jiǔ地dì十shí。天tiān数shù五wǔ,地dì数shù五wǔ,五wǔ位wèi相xiāng得de而ér各gè有yǒu合hé。天tiān数shù二èr十shí有yǒu五wǔ,地dì数shù三sān十shí,凡fán天tiān地dì之zhī数shù五wǔ十shí有yǒu五wǔ,此cǐ所suǒ以yǐ成chéng变biàn化huà而ér行xíng鬼guǐ神shén也yě。”并bìng终zhōng数shù为wèi十shí九jiǔ,《易yì》穷qióng则zé变biàn,故gù为wèi闰rùn法fǎ。参cān天tiān九jiǔ,两liǎng地dì十shí,是shì为wèi会huì数shù。参cān天tiān数shù二èr十shí五wǔ,两liǎng地dì数shù三sān十shí,是shì为wèi朔shuò、望wàng之zhī会huì。以yǐ会huì数shù乘chéng之zhī,则zé周zhōu天tiān朔shuò旦dàn冬dōng至zhì,是shì为wèi会huì月yuè。九jiǔ会huì而ér复fù元yuán,黄huáng钟zhōng初chū九jiǔ之zhī数shù也yě。经jīng于yú四sì时shí,虽suī亡wáng事shì必bì书shū时shí月yuè。时shí所suǒ以yǐ记jì启qǐ、闭bì也yě,月yuè所suǒ以yǐ纪jì分fēn、至zhì也yě。启qǐ、闭bì者zhě,节jié也yě。分fēn、至zhì者zhě,中zhōng也yě。节jié不bù必bì在zài其qí月yuè,故gù时shí中zhōng必bì在zài正zhèng数shù之zhī月yuè。故gù《传chuán》曰yuē:“先xiān王wáng之zhī正zhèng时shí也yě,履lǚ端duān于yú始shǐ,举jǔ正zhèng于yú中zhōng,归guī余yú于yú终zhōng。履lǚ端duān于yú始shǐ,序xù则zé不bù愆qiān;举jǔ正zhèng于yú中zhōng,民mín则zé不bù惑huò;归guī余yú于yú终zhōng,事shì则zé不bù誖bèi。”此cǐ圣shèng王wáng之zhī重zhòng闰rùn也yě。以yǐ五wǔ位wèi乘chéng会huì数shù,而ér朔shuò旦dàn冬dōng至zhì,是shì为wèi章zhāng月yuè。四sì分fēn月yuè法fǎ,以yǐ其qí一yī乘chéng章zhāng月yuè,是shì为wèi中zhōng法fǎ。参cān闰rùn法fǎ为wèi周zhōu至zhì,以yǐ乘chéng月yuè法fǎ,以yǐ减jiǎn中zhōng法fǎ而ér约yuē之zhī,则zé七qī 之zhī数shù,为wèi一yí月yuè之zhī闰rùn法fǎ,其qí余yú七qī分fēn。此cǐ中zhōng朔shuò相xiāng求qiú之zhī术shù也yě。朔shuò不bù得dé中zhōng,是shì谓wèi闰rùn月yuè,言yán阴yīn阳yáng虽suī交jiāo,不bù得dé中zhōng不bù生shēng。故gù日rì法fǎ乘chéng闰rùn法fǎ,是shì为wèi统tǒng岁suì。三sān统tǒng,是shì为wèi元yuán岁suì。元yuán岁suì之zhī闰rùn,阴yīn阳yáng灾zāi,三sān弦xián闰rùn法fǎ。《易yì》九jiǔ厄è曰yuē:初chū入rù元yuán,百bǎi六liù,阳yáng九jiǔ;次cì三sān百bǎi七qī十shí四sì,阳yáng九jiǔ;次cì四sì百bǎi八bā十shí,阳yáng九jiǔ;次cì七qī百bǎi二èr十shí,阴yīn七qī;次cì七qī百bǎi二èr十shí,阳yáng七qī;次cì六liù百bǎi,阴yīn五wǔ;次cì六liù百bǎi,阳yáng五wǔ;次cì四sì百bǎi八bā十shí,阴yīn三sān;次cì四sì百bǎi八bā十shí,阳yáng三sān。凡fán四sì千qiān六liù百bǎi一yī十shí七qī岁suì,与yǔ一yī元yuán终zhōng。经jīng岁suì四sì千qiān五wǔ百bǎi六liù十shí,灾zāi岁suì五wǔ十shí七qī。是shì以yǐ《春chūn秋qiū》曰yuē:“举jǔ正zhèng于yú中zhōng。”又yòu曰yuē:“闰rùn月yuè不bù告gào朔shuò,非fēi礼lǐ也yě。闰rùn以yǐ正zhèng时shí,时shí以yǐ作zuò事shì,事shì以yǐ厚hòu生shēng,生shēng民mín之zhī道dào于yú是shì乎hū在zài矣yǐ。不bù告gào闰rùn朔shuò,弃qì时shí正zhèng也yě,何hé以yǐ为wèi民mín?”故gù善shàn僖xī“五wǔ年nián春chūn王wáng正zhēng月yuè辛xīn亥hài朔shuò,日rì南nán至zhì,公gōng既jì视shì朔shuò,遂suì登dēng观guān台tái以yǐ望wàng,而ér书shū,礼lǐ也yě。凡fán分fēn、至zhì、启qǐ、闭bì,必bì书shū云yún物wù,为wèi备bèi故gù也yě。”至zhì昭zhāo二èr十shí年nián二èr月yuè己jǐ丑chǒu,日rì南nán至zhì,失shī闰rùn,至zhì在zài非fēi其qí月yuè。梓zǐ慎shèn望wàng氛fēn气qì而ér弗fú正zhèng,不bù履lǚ端duān于yú始shǐ也yě。故gù传chuán不bù曰yuē冬dōng至zhì,而ér曰yuē日rì南nán至zhì。极jí于yú牵qiān牛niú之zhī初chū,日rì中zhōng之zhī时shí景jǐng最zuì长zhǎng,以yǐ此cǐ知zhī其qí南nán至zhì也yě。斗dòu纲gāng之zhī端duān连lián贯guàn营yíng室shì,织zhī女nǚ之zhī纪jì指zhǐ牵qiān牛niú之zhī初chū,以yǐ纪jì日rì月yuè,故gù曰yuē星xīng纪jì。五wǔ星xīng起qǐ其qí初chū,日rì月yuè起qǐ其qí中zhōng,凡fán十shí二èr次cì。日rì至zhì其qí初chū为wèi节jié,至zhì其qí中zhōng斗dòu建jiàn下xià为wèi十shí二èr辰chén。视shì其qí建jiàn而ér知zhī其qí次cì。故gù曰yuē:“制zhì礼lǐ上shàng物wù,不bù过guò十shí二èr,天tiān之zhī大dà数shù也yě”。《经jīng》曰yuē“春chūn,王wáng正zhēng月yuè”,《传chuán》曰yuē:周zhōu正zhèng月yuè“火huǒ出chū,于yú夏xià为wèi三sān月yuè,商shāng为wèi四sì月yuè,周zhōu为wèi五wǔ月yuè。夏xià数shù得dé天tiān”,得dé四sì时shí之zhī正zhèng也yě。三sān代dài各gè据jù一yī统tǒng,明míng三sān统tǒng常cháng合hé,而ér迭dié为wéi首shǒu,登dēng降jiàng三sān统tǒng之zhī首shǒu,周zhōu还hái五wǔ行xíng之zhī道dào也yě。故gù三sān五wǔ相xiāng包bāo而ér生shēng。天tiān统tǒng之zhī正zhèng,始shǐ施shī于yú子zi半bàn,日rì萌méng色sè赤chì。地dì统tǒng受shòu之zhī于yú丑chǒu初chū,日rì肇zhào化huà而ér黄huáng,至zhì丑chǒu半bàn,日rì牙yá化huà而ér白bái。人rén统tǒng受shòu之zhī于yú寅yín初chū,日rì孽niè成chéng而ér黑hēi,至zhì寅yín半bàn,日rì生shēng成chéng而ér青qīng。天tiān施shī复fù于yú子zi,地dì化huà自zì丑chǒu毕bì于yú辰chén,人rén生shēng自zì寅yín成chéng于yú申shēn。故gù历lì数shù三sān统tǒng,天tiān以yǐ甲jiǎ子zi,地dì以yǐ甲jiǎ辰chén,人rén以yǐ甲jiǎ申shēn。孟mèng、仲zhòng、季jì迭dié用yòng事shì为wèi统tǒng首shǒu。三sān微wēi之zhī统tǒng既jì著zhù,而ér五wǔ行xíng自zì青qīng始shǐ,其qí序xù亦yì如rú之zhī。五wǔ行xíng与yǔ三sān统tǒng相xiāng错cuò。传chuán曰yuē“天tiān有yǒu三sān辰chén,地dì有yǒu五wǔ行xíng”,然rán则zé三sān统tǒng五wǔ星xīng可kě知zhī也yě。《易yì》曰yuē:“参cān五wǔ以yǐ变biàn,错cuò综zōng其qí数shù。通tōng其qí变biàn,遂suì成chéng天tiān下xià之zhī文wén;极jí其qí数shù,遂suì定dìng天tiān下xià之zhī象xiàng。”太tài极jí运yùn三sān辰chén五wǔ星xīng于yú上shàng,而ér元yuán气qì转zhuǎn三sān统tǒng五wǔ行xíng于yú下xià。其qí于yú人rén,皇huáng极jí统tǒng三sān德dé五wǔ事shì。故gù三sān辰chén之zhī合hé于yú三sān统tǒng也yě,日rì合hé于yú天tiān统tǒng,月yuè合hé于yú地dì统tǒng,斗dòu合hé于yú人rén统tǒng。五wǔ星xīng之zhī合hé于yú五wǔ行xíng,水shuǐ合hé于yú辰chén星xīng,火huǒ合hé于yú荧yíng惑huò,金jīn合hé于yú太tài白bái,木mù合hé于yú岁suì星xīng,土tǔ合hé于yú镇zhèn星xīng。三sān辰chén五wǔ星xīng而ér相xiāng经jīng纬wěi也yě。天tiān以yǐ一yī生shēng水shuǐ,地dì以yǐ二èr生shēng火huǒ,天tiān以yǐ三sān生shēng木mù,地dì以yǐ四sì生shēng金jīn,天tiān以yǐ五wǔ生shēng土tǔ。五wǔ胜shèng相xiāng乘chéng,以yǐ生shēng小xiǎo周zhōu,以yǐ乘chéng“乾qián”、“坤kūn”之zhī策cè,而ér成chéng大dà周zhōu。阴yīn阳yáng比bǐ类lèi,交jiāo错cuò相xiāng成chéng,故gù九jiǔ六liù之zhī变biàn登dēng隆lóng于yú六liù体tǐ。三sān微wēi而ér成chéng著zhù,三sān著zhù而ér成chéng象xiàng,二èr象xiàng十shí有yǒu八bā变biàn而ér成chéng卦guà,四sì营yíng而ér成chéng易yì,为wèi七qī十shí二èr,参cān三sān统tǒng两liǎng四sì时shí相xiāng乘chéng之zhī数shù也yě。参cān之zhī则zé得dé“乾qián”之zhī策cè,两liǎng之zhī则zé得dé“坤kūn”之zhī策cè。以yǐ阳yáng九jiǔ九jiǔ之zhī,为wèi六liù百bǎi四sì十shí八bā;以yǐ阴yīn六liù六liù之zhī,为wèi四sì百bǎi三sān十shí二èr,凡fán一yī千qiān八bā十shí,阴yīn阳yáng各gè一yī卦guà之zhī微wēi算suàn策cè也yě。八bā之zhī,为wèi八bā千qiān六liù百bǎi四sì十shí,而ér八bā卦guà小xiǎo成chéng。引yǐn而ér信xìn之zhī,又yòu八bā之zhī,为wèi六liù万wàn九jiǔ千qiān一yì百bǎi二èr十shí,天tiān地dì再zài之zhī,为wèi十shí三sān万wàn八bā千qiān二èr百bǎi四sì十shí,然rán后hòu大dà成chéng。五wǔ星xīng会huì终zhōng,触chù类lèi而ér长cháng之zhī,以yǐ乘chéng章zhāng岁suì,为wèi二èr百bǎi六liù十shí二èr万wàn六liù千qiān五wǔ百bǎi六liù十shí,而ér与yǔ日rì月yuè会huì。三sān会huì为wèi七qī百bǎi八bā十shí七qī万wàn九jiǔ千qiān六liù百bǎi八bā十shí,而ér与yǔ三sān统tǒng会huì。三sān统tǒng二èr千qiān三sān百bǎi六liù十shí三sān万wàn九jiǔ千qiān四sì十shí,而ér复fù于yú太tài极jí上shàng元yuán。九jiǔ章zhāng岁suì而ér六liù之zhī为wèi法fǎ,太tài极jí上shàng元yuán为wèi实shí,实shí如rú法fǎ得dé一yī,阴yīn阴yīn各gè万wàn一yī千qiān五wǔ百bǎi二èr十shí,当dāng万wàn物wù气qì体tǐ之zhī数shù,天tiān下xià之zhī能néng事shì毕bì矣yǐ。

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