推荐
首页 › 书库 › 晋书

第 70 / 154 回

列liè传zhuàn第dì二èr十shí四sì

陆lù机jī(孙sūn拯zhěng弟dì云yún云yún弟dì耽dān从cóng父fù兄xiōng喜xǐ)

陆lù机jī,字zì士shì衡héng,吴wú郡jùn人rén也yě。祖zǔ逊xùn,吴wú丞chéng相xiàng。父fù抗kàng,吴wú大dà司sī马mǎ。机jī身shēn长cháng七qī尺chǐ,其qí声shēng如rú钟zhōng。少shǎo有yǒu异yì才cái,文wén章zhāng冠guān世shì,伏fú膺yīng儒rú术shù,非fēi礼lǐ不bù动dòng。抗kàng卒zú,领lǐng父fù兵bīng为wèi牙yá门mén将jiàng。年nián二èr十shí而ér吴wú灭miè,退tuì居jū旧jiù里lǐ,闭bì门mén勤qín学xué,积jī有yǒu十shí年nián。以yǐ孙sūn氏shì在zài吴wú,而ér祖zǔ父fù世shì为wèi将jiàng相xiàng,有yǒu大dà勋xūn于yú江jiāng表biǎo,深shēn慨kǎi孙sūn皓hào举jǔ而ér弃qì之zhī,乃nǎi论lùn权quán所suǒ以yǐ得dé,皓hào所suǒ以yǐ亡wáng,又yòu欲yù述shù其qí祖zǔ父fù功gōng业yè,遂suì作zuò《辩biàn亡wáng论lùn》二èr篇piān。其qí上shàng篇piān曰yuē:

昔xī汉hàn氏shì失shī御yù,奸jiān臣chén窃qiè命mìng,祸huò基jī京jīng畿jī,毒dú遍biàn宇yǔ内nèi,皇huáng纲gāng弛chí顿dùn,王wáng室shì遂suì卑bēi。于yú是shì群qún雄xióng蜂fēng骇hài,义yì兵bīng四sì合hé。吴wú武wǔ烈liè皇huáng帝dì慷kāng慨kǎi下xià国guó,电diàn发fā荆jīng南nán,权quán略lüè纷fēn纭yún,忠zhōng勇yǒng伯bó世shì,威wēi棱léng则zé夷yí羿yì震zhèn荡dàng,兵bīng交jiāo则zé丑chǒu虏lǔ授shòu馘guó,遂suì扫sǎo清qīng宗zōng祊bēng,蒸zhēng禋yīn皇huáng祖zǔ。于yú时shí云yún兴xīng之zhī将jiāng带dài州zhōu,猋biāo起qǐ之zhī师shī跨kuà邑yì,哮xiāo阚hǎn之zhī群qún风fēng驱qū,熊xióng罴pí之zhī族zú雾wù合hé。虽suī兵bīng以yǐ义yì动dòng,同tóng盟méng戮lù力lì,然rán皆jiē苞bāo藏cáng祸huò心xīn,阻zǔ兵bīng怙hù乱luàn,或huò师shī无wú谋móu律lǜ,丧sàng威wēi稔rěn寇kòu。忠zhōng规guī武wǔ节jié,未wèi有yǒu如rú此cǐ其qí著zhù者zhě也yě。

武wǔ烈liè既jì没méi,长cháng沙shā桓huán王wáng逸yì才cái命mìng世shì,弱ruò冠guàn秀xiù发fà,招zhāo揽lǎn遗yí老lǎo,与yǔ之zhī述shù业yè。神shén兵bīng东dōng驱qū,奋fèn寡guǎ犯fàn众zhòng,攻gōng无wú坚jiān城chéng之zhī将jiāng,战zhàn无wú交jiāo锋fēng之zhī虏lǔ。诛zhū叛pàn柔róu服fú,而ér江jiāng外wài底dǐ定dìng;饬chì法fǎ修xiū师shī,则zé威wēi德dé翕xī赫hè。宾bīn礼lǐ名míng贤xián,而ér张zhāng公gōng为wèi之zhī雄xióng;交jiāo御yù豪háo俊jùn,而ér周zhōu瑜yú为wèi之zhī杰jié。彼bǐ二èr君jūn子zǐ皆jiē弘hóng敏mǐn而ér多duō奇qí,雅yǎ达dá而ér聪cōng哲zhé,故gù同tóng方fāng者zhě以yǐ类lèi附fù,等děng契qì者zhě以yǐ气qì集jí,江jiāng东dōng盖gài多duō士shì矣yǐ。将jiāng北běi伐fá诸zhū华huá,诛zhū鉏chú干gàn纪jì,旋xuán皇huáng舆yú于yú夷yí庚gēng,反fǎn帝dì坐zuò于yú紫zǐ闼tà,挟xié天tiān子zǐ以yǐ令lìng诸zhū侯hóu,清qīng天tiān步bù而ér归guī旧jiù物wù。戎róng车chē既jì次cì,群qún凶xiōng侧cè目mù,大dà业yè未wèi就jiù,中zhōng世shì而ér殒yǔn。

用yòng集jí我wǒ大dà皇huáng帝dì,以yǐ奇qí踪zōng袭xí逸yì轨guǐ,睿ruì心xīn因yīn令lìng图tú,从cóng政zhèng咨zī于yú故gù实shí,播bō宪xiàn稽jī乎hū遗yí风fēng;而ér加jiā之zhī以yǐ笃dǔ敬jìng,申shēn之zhī以yǐ节jié俭jiǎn,畴chóu谘zī俊jùn茂mào,好hào谋móu善shàn断duàn,束shù帛bó旅lǚ于yú丘qiū园yuán,旌jīng命mìng交jiāo乎hū涂tú巷xiàng。故gù豪háo彦yàn寻xún声shēng而ér响xiǎng臻zhēn,志zhì士shì晞xī光guāng而ér景jǐng骛wù,异yì人rén辐fú辏còu,猛měng士shì如rú林lín。于yú是shì张zhāng公gōng为wèi师shī傅fù;周zhōu瑜yú、陆lù公gōng、鲁lǔ肃sù、吕lǚ蒙méng之zhī俦chóu,入rù为wèi腹fù心xīn,出chū为wèi股gǔ肱gōng;甘gān宁níng、凌líng统tǒng、程chéng普pǔ、贺hè齐qí、硃zhū桓huán、硃zhū然rán之zhī徒tú奋fèn其qí威wēi,韩hán当dāng、潘pān璋zhāng、黄huáng盖gài、蒋jiǎng钦qīn、周zhōu泰tài之zhī属shǔ宣xuān其qí力lì;风fēng雅yǎ则zé诸zhū葛gě瑾jǐn、张zhāng承chéng、步bù骘zhì以yǐ名míng声shēng光guāng国guó,政zhèng事shì则zé顾gù雍yōng、潘pān浚jùn、吕lǚ范fàn、吕lǚ岱dài以yǐ器qì任rèn干gàn职zhí,奇qí伟wěi则zé虞yú翻fān、陆lù绩jì、张zhāng惇dūn以yǐ风fēng义yì举jǔ政zhèng,奉fèng使shǐ则zé赵zhào咨zī、沈shěn珩háng以yǐ敏mǐn达dá延yán誉yù,术shù数shù则zé吴wú范fàn、赵zhào达dá以yǐ禨jī祥xiáng协xié德dé;董dǒng袭xí、陈chén武wǔ杀shā身shēn以yǐ卫wèi主zhǔ,骆luò统tǒng、刘liú基jī强qiáng谏jiàn以yǐ补bǔ过guò。谋móu无wú遗yí计jì,举jǔ不bù失shī策cè。故gù遂suì割gē据jù山shān川chuān,跨kuà制zhì荆jīng、吴wú,而ér与yǔ天tiān下xià争zhēng衡héng矣yǐ。魏wèi氏shì尝cháng藉jí战zhàn胜shèng之zhī威wēi,率lǜ百bǎi万wàn之zhī师shī,浮fú邓dèng塞sāi之zhī舟zhōu,下xià汉hàn阴yīn之zhī众zhòng,羽yǔ楫jí万wàn计jì,龙lóng跃yuè顺shùn流liú,锐ruì师shī千qiān旅lǚ,武wǔ步bù原yuán隰xí,谟mó臣chén盈yíng室shì,武wǔ将jiàng连lián衡héng,喟kuì然rán有yǒu吞tūn江jiāng浒hǔ之zhī志zhì,壹yī宇yǔ宙zhòu之zhī气qì。而ér周zhōu瑜yú驱qū我wǒ偏piān师shī,黜chù之zhī赤chì壁bì,丧sàng旗qí乱luàn辙zhé,仅jǐn而ér获huò免miǎn,收shōu迹jì远yuǎn遁dùn。汉hàn王wáng亦yì凭píng帝dì王wáng之zhī号hào,帅shuài巴bā、汉hàn之zhī人rén,乘chéng危wēi骋chěng变biàn,结jié垒lěi千qiān里lǐ,志zhì报bào关guān羽yǔ之zhī败bài,图tú收shōu湘xiāng西xī之zhī地dì。而ér我wǒ陆lù公gōng亦yì挫cuò之zhī西xī陵líng,覆fù师shī败bài绩jì,困kùn而ér后hòu济jì,绝jué命mìng永yǒng安ān。续xù以yǐ濡rú须xū之zhī寇kòu,临lín川chuān摧cuī锐ruì;蓬péng茏lóng之zhī战zhàn,孑jié轮lún不bù反fǎn。由yóu是shì二èr邦bāng之zhī将jiāng,丧sàng气qì挫cuò锋fēng,势shì财cái匮kuì,而ér吴wú莞guǎn然rán坐zuò乘chéng其qí弊bì,故gù魏wèi人rén请qǐng好hǎo,汉hàn氏shì乞qǐ盟méng,遂suì跻jī天tiān号hào,鼎dǐng峙zhì而ér立lì。西xī界jiè庸yōng、益yì之zhī郊jiāo,北běi裂liè淮huái、汉hàn之zhī涘sì,东dōng苞bāo百bǎi越yuè之zhī地dì,南nán括kuò群qún蛮mán之zhī表biǎo。于yú是shì讲jiǎng八bā代dài之zhī礼lǐ,搜sōu三sān王wáng之zhī乐lè,告gào类lèi上shàng帝dì,拱gǒng揖yī群qún后hòu。武wǔ臣chén毅yì卒zú,循xún江jiāng而ér守shǒu;长zhǎng棘jí劲jìn铩shā,望wàng猋biāo而ér奋fèn。庶shù尹yǐn尽jǐn规guī于yú上shàng,黎lí元yuán展zhǎn业yè于yú下xià,化huà协xié殊shū裔yì,风fēng衍yǎn遐xiá圻qí。乃nǎi俾bǐ一yī介jiè行xíng人rén,抚fǔ巡xún外wài域yù,巨jù象xiàng逸yì骏jùn,扰rǎo于yú外wài闲xián,明míng珠zhū玮wěi宝bǎo,耀yào于yú内nèi府fǔ,珍zhēn瑰guī重zhòng迹jì而ér至zhì,奇qí玩wán应yīng响xiǎng而ér赴fù;輶yóu轩xuān骋chěng于yú南nán荒huāng,冲chōng輣péng息xī于yú朔shuò野yě;黎lí庶shù免miǎn干gān戈gē之zhī患huàn,戎róng马mǎ无wú晨chén服fú之zhī虞yú,而ér帝dì业yè固gù矣yǐ。

大dà皇huáng既jì没méi,幼yòu主zhǔ莅lì朝cháo,奸jiān回huí肆sì虐nüè。景jǐng皇huáng聿yù兴xīng,虔qián修xiū遗yí宪xiàn,政zhèng无wú大dà阙quē,守shǒu文wén之zhī良liáng主zhǔ也yě。降jiàng及jí归guī命mìng之zhī初chū,典diǎn刑xíng未wèi灭miè,故gù老lǎo犹yóu存cún。大dà司sī马mǎ陆lù公gōng以yǐ文wén武wǔ熙xī朝cháo,左zuǒ丞chéng相xiàng陆lù凯kǎi以yǐ謇jiǎn谔è尽jǐn规guī,而ér施shī绩jì、范fàn慎shèn以yǐ威wēi重zhòng显xiǎn,丁dīng奉fèng、钟zhōng离lí斐fěi以yǐ武wǔ毅yì称chēng,孟mèng宗zōng、丁dīng固gù之zhī徒tú为wèi公gōng卿qīng,楼lóu玄xuán、贺hè邵shào之zhī属shǔ掌zhǎng机jī事shì,元yuán首shǒu虽suī病bìng,股gǔ肱gōng犹yóu良liáng。爰yuán逮dǎi末mò叶yè,群qún公gōng既jì丧sàng,然rán后hòu黔qián首shǒu有yǒu瓦wǎ解jiě之zhī患huàn,皇huáng家jiā有yǒu土tǔ崩bēng之zhī衅xìn,历lì命mìng应yīng化huà而ér微wēi,王wáng师shī蹑niè运yùn而ér发fā,卒zú散sàn于yú陈chén,众zhòng奔bēn于yú邑yì,城chéng池chí无wú籓fān篱lí之zhī固gù,山shān川chuān无wú沟gōu阜fù之zhī势shì,非fēi有yǒu工gōng输shū云yún梯tī之zhī械xiè,智zhì伯bó灌guàn激jī之zhī害hài,楚chǔ子zi筑zhù室shì之zhī围wéi,燕yàn人rén济jì西xī之zhī队duì,军jūn未wèi浃jiā辰chén而ér社shè稷jì夷yí矣yǐ。虽suī忠zhōng臣chén孤gū愤fèn,烈liè士shì死sǐ节jié,将jiāng奚xī救jiù哉zāi!

夫fū曹cáo、刘liú之zhī将jiāng非fēi一yī世shì所suǒ选xuǎn,向xiàng时shí之zhī师shī无wú曩nǎng日rì之zhī众zhòng,战zhàn守shǒu之zhī道dào抑yì有yǒu前qián符fú,险xiǎn阻zǔ之zhī利lì俄é然rán未wèi改gǎi,而ér成chéng败bài贸mào理lǐ,古gǔ今jīn诡guǐ趣qù,何hé哉zāi?彼bǐ此cǐ之zhī化huà殊shū,授shòu任rèn之zhī才cái异yì也yě。

其qí下xià篇piān曰yuē:

昔xī三sān方fāng之zhī王wáng也yě,魏wèi人rén据jù中zhōng夏xià,汉hàn氏shì有yǒu岷mín、益yì,吴wú制zhì荆jīng、扬yáng而ér掩yǎn有yǒu交jiāo、广guǎng。曹cáo氏shì虽suī功gōng济jì诸zhū华huá,虐nüè亦yì深shēn矣yǐ,其qí人rén怨yuàn。刘liú翁wēng因yīn险xiǎn以yǐ饰shì智zhì,功gōng已yǐ薄báo矣yǐ,其qí俗sú陋lòu。夫fū吴wú,桓huán王wáng基jī之zhī以yǐ武wǔ,太tài祖zǔ成chéng之zhī以yǐ德dé,聪cōng明míng睿ruì达dá,懿yì度dù弘hóng远yuǎn矣yǐ。其qí求qiú贤xián如rú弗fú及jí,血xuè阝fù人rén如rú稚zhì子zi,接jiē士shì尽jǐn盛shèng德dé之zhī容róng,亲qīn仁rén罄qìng丹dān府fǔ之zhī爱ài。拔bá吕lǚ蒙méng于yú戎róng行háng,试shì潘pān浚jùn于yú系xì虏lǔ。推tuī诚chéng信xìn士shì,不bù恤xù人rén之zhī我wǒ欺qī;量liàng能néng授shòu器qì,不bù患huàn权quán之zhī我wǒ偪bī。执zhí鞭biān鞠jū躬gōng,以yǐ重zhòng陆lù公gōng之zhī威wēi;悉xī委wěi武wǔ卫wèi,以yǐ济jì周zhōu瑜yú之zhī师shī。卑bēi宫gōng菲fěi食shí,丰fēng功gōng臣chén之zhī赏shǎng;披pī怀huái虚xū己jǐ,纳nà谟mó士shì之zhī算suàn。故gù鲁lǔ肃sù一yí面miàn而ér自zì托tuō,士shì燮xiè蒙méng险xiǎn而ér效xiào命mìng。高gāo张zhāng公gōng之zhī德dé,而ér省shěng游yóu田tián之zhī娱yú;贤xián诸zhū葛gě之zhī言yán,而ér割gē情qíng欲yù之zhī欢huān;感gǎn陆lù公gōng之zhī规guī,而ér除chú刑xíng法fǎ之zhī烦fán;奇qí刘liú基jī之zhī议yì,而ér作zuò三sān爵jué之zhī誓shì;屏bǐng气qì跼jú蹐jí,以yǐ伺cì子zi明míng之zhī疾jí;分fēn滋zī损sǔn甘gān,以yǐ育yù凌líng统tǒng之zhī孤gū;登dēng坛tán慷kāng忾kài,归guī鲁lǔ子zi之zhī功gōng;削xuē投tóu怨yuàn言yán,信xìn子zi瑜yú之zhī节jié。是shì以yǐ忠zhōng臣chén竞jìng尽jǐn其qí谟mó,志zhì士shì咸xián得dé肆sì力lì,洪hóng规guī远yuǎn略lüè,固gù不bù厌yàn夫fū区qū区qū者zhě也yě。故gù百bǎi官guān苟gǒu合hé,庶shù务wù未wèi遑huáng。初chū都dōu建jiàn鄴yè,群qún臣chén请qǐng备bèi礼lǐ秩zhì,天tiān子zi辞cí而ér弗fú许xǔ,曰yuē:“天tiān下xià其qí谓wèi朕zhèn何hé!”宫gōng室shì舆yú服fú,盖gài慊qiàn如rú也yě。爰yuán及jí中zhōng叶yè,天tiān人rén之zhī分fēn既jì定dìng,故gù百bǎi度dù之zhī缺quē粗cū修xiū,虽suī醲nóng化huà懿yì纲gāng,未wèi齿chǐ乎hū上shàng代dài,抑yì其qí体tǐ国guó经jīng邦bāng之zhī具jù,亦yì足zú以yǐ为wéi政zhèng矣yǐ。地dì方fāng几jǐ万wàn里lǐ,带dài甲jiǎ将jiāng百bǎi万wàn,其qí野yě沃wò,其qí兵bīng练liàn,其qí器qì利lì,其qí财cái丰fēng;东dōng负fù沧cāng海hǎi,西xī阻zǔ险xiǎn塞sāi,长cháng江jiāng制zhì其qí区qū宇yǔ,峻jùn山shān带dài其qí封fēng域yù,国guó家jiā之zhī利lì未wèi见jiàn有yǒu弘hóng于yú兹zī者zhě也yě。借jiè使shǐ守shǒu之zhī以yǐ道dào,御yù之zhī以yǐ术shù,敦dūn率lǜ遗yí典diǎn,勤qín人rén谨jǐn政zhèng,修xiū定dìng策cè,守shǒu常cháng险xiǎn,则zé可kě以yǐ长zhǎng世shì永yǒng年nián,未wèi有yǒu危wēi亡wáng之zhī患huàn也yě。

或huò曰yuē:“吴wú、蜀shǔ脣chún齿chǐ之zhī国guó也yě,夫fū蜀shǔ灭miè吴wú亡wáng,理lǐ则zé然rán矣yǐ。”夫fū蜀shǔ,盖gài籓fān援yuán之zhī与yǔ国guó,而ér非fēi吴wú人rén之zhī存cún亡wáng也yě。其qí郊jiāo境jìng之zhī接jiē,重zhòng山shān积jī险xiǎn,陆lù无wú长zhǎng毂gǔ之zhī径jìng;川chuān厄è流liú迅xùn,水shuǐ有yǒu惊jīng波bō之zhī艰jiān。虽suī有yǒu锐ruì师shī百bǎi万wàn,启qǐ行xíng不bù过guò千qiān夫fū;轴zhóu轳lú千qiān里lǐ,前qián驱qū不bù过guò百bǎi舰jiàn。故gù刘liú氏shì之zhī伐fá,陆lù公gōng喻yù之zhī长zhǎng蛇shé,其qí势shì然rán也yě。昔xī蜀shǔ之zhī初chū亡wáng,朝cháo臣chén异yì谋móu,或huò欲yù积jī石shí以yǐ险xiǎn其qí流liú,或huò欲yù机jī械xiè以yǐ御yù其qí变biàn。天tiān子zi总zǒng群qún议yì以yǐ谘zī之zhī大dà司sī马mǎ陆lù公gōng,公gōng以yǐ四sì渎dú天tiān地dì之zhī所suǒ以yǐ节jié宣xuān其qí气qì,固gù无wú可kě遏è之zhī理lǐ,而ér机jī械xiè则zé彼bǐ我wǒ所suǒ共gòng,彼bǐ若ruò弃qì长zhǎng技jì以yǐ就jiù所suǒ屈qū,即jí荆jīng、楚chǔ而ér争zhēng舟zhōu楫jí之zhī用yòng,是shì天tiān赞zàn我wǒ也yě,将jiāng谨jǐn守shǒu峡xiá口kǒu以yǐ待dài擒qín耳ěr。逮dǎi步bù阐chǎn之zhī乱luàn,凭píng宝bǎo城chéng以yǐ延yán强qiáng寇kòu,资zī重zhòng币bì以yǐ诱yòu群qún蛮mán。于yú时shí大dà邦bāng之zhī众zhòng,云yún翔xiáng电diàn发fā,悬xuán旍jīng江jiāng介jiè,筑zhù垒lěi遵zūn渚zhǔ,衿jīn带dài要yào害hài,以yǐ止zhǐ吴wú人rén之zhī西xī,巴bā、汉hàn舟zhōu师shī,沿yán江jiāng东dōng下xià。陆lù公gōng偏piān师shī三sān万wàn,北běi据jù东dōng坑kēng,深shēn沟gōu高gāo垒lěi,按àn甲jiǎ养yǎng威wēi。反fǎn虏lǔ宛wǎn迹jì待dài戮lù,而ér不bù敢gǎn北běi窥kuī生shēng路lù,强qiáng寇kòu败bài绩jì宵xiāo遁dùn,丧sàng师shī太tài半bàn。分fēn命mìng锐ruì师shī五wǔ千qiān,西xī御yù水shuǐ军jūn,东dōng西xī同tóng捷jié,献xiàn俘fú万wàn计jì。信xìn哉zāi贤xián人rén之zhī谋móu,岂qǐ欺qī我wǒ哉zāi!自zì是shì烽fēng燧suì罕hǎn惊jīng,封fēng域yù寡guǎ虞yú。陆lù公gōng没méi而ér潜qián谋móu兆zhào,吴wú衅xìn深shēn而ér六liù师shī骇hài。夫fū太tài康kāng之zhī役yì,众zhòng未wèi盛shèng乎hū曩nǎng日rì之zhī师shī;广guǎng州zhōu之zhī乱luàn,祸huò有yǒu愈yù乎hū向xiàng时shí之zhī难nán,而ér邦bāng家jiā颠diān覆fù,宗zōng庙miào为wèi墟xū。呜wū呼hū!“人rén之zhī云yún亡wáng,邦bāng国guó殄tiǎn瘁cuì”,不bù其qí然rán欤yú!

《易yì》曰yuē“汤tāng、武wǔ革gé命mìng顺shùn乎hū天tiān”,或huò曰yuē“乱luàn不bù极jí则zé治zhì不bù形xíng”,言yán帝dì王wáng之zhī因yīn天tiān时shí也yě。古gǔ人rén有yǒu言yán曰yuē“天tiān时shí不bù如rú地dì利lì”,《易yì》曰yuē“王wáng侯hóu设shè险xiǎn以yǐ守shǒu其qí国guó”,言yán为wèi国guó之zhī恃shì险xiǎn也yě。又yòu曰yuē“地dì利lì不bù如rú人rén和hé”,“在zài德dé不bù在zài险xiǎn”,言yán守shǒu险xiǎn之zhī在zài人rén也yě。吴wú之zhī兴xīng也yě,参cān而ér由yóu焉yān,孙sūn卿qīng所suǒ谓wèi合hé其qí参cān者zhě也yě。及jí其qí亡wáng也yě,恃shì险xiǎn而ér已yǐ,又yòu孙sūn卿qīng所suǒ谓wèi舍shě其qí参cān者zhě也yě。夫fū四sì州zhōu之zhī萌méng非fēi无wú众zhòng也yě,大dà江jiāng以yǐ南nán非fēi乏fá俊jùn也yě,山shān川chuān之zhī险xiǎn易yì守shǒu也yě,劲jìn利lì之zhī器qì易yì用yòng也yě,先xiān政zhèng之zhī策cè易yì修xiū也yě,功gōng不bù兴xīng而ér祸huò遘gòu何hé哉zāi?所suǒ以yǐ用yòng之zhī者zhě失shī也yě。故gù先xiān王wáng达dá经jīng国guó之zhī长zhǎng规guī,审shěn存cún亡wáng之zhī至zhì数shù,谦qiān己jǐ以yǐ安ān百bǎi姓xìng,敦dūn惠huì以yǐ致zhì人rén和hé,宽kuān冲chōng以yǐ诱yòu俊jùn乂yì之zhī谋móu,慈cí和hé以yǐ结jié士shì庶shù之zhī爱ài。是shì以yǐ其qí安ān也yě,则zé黎lí元yuán与yǔ之zhī同tóng庆qìng,及jí其qí危wēi也yě,则zé兆zhào庶shù与yǔ之zhī同tóng患huàn。安ān与yǔ众zhòng同tóng庆qìng,则zé其qí危wēi不bù可kě得dé也yě;危wēi与yǔ下xià同tóng患huàn,则zé其qí难nán不bù足zú血xuè阝fù也yě。夫fū然rán,故gù能néng保bǎo其qí社shè稷jì而ér固gù其qí土tǔ宇yǔ,《麦mài秀xiù》无wú悲bēi殷yīn之zhī思sī,《黍shǔ离lí》无wú愍mǐn周zhōu之zhī感gǎn也yě。

至zhì太tài康kāng末mò,与yǔ弟dì云yún俱jù入rù洛luò,造zào太tài常cháng张zhāng华huá。华huá素sù重zhòng其qí名míng,如rú旧jiù相xiāng识shí,曰yuē:“伐fá吴wú之zhī役yì,利lì获huò二èr俊jùn。”又yòu尝cháng诣yì侍shì中zhōng王wáng济jì,济jì指zhǐ羊yáng酪lào谓wèi机jī曰yuē:“卿qīng吴wú中zhōng何hé以yǐ敌dí此cǐ?”答dá云yún:“千qiān里lǐ莼chún羹gēng,未wèi下xià盐yán豉shì。”时shí人rén称chēng为wèi名míng对duì。张zhāng华huá荐jiàn之zhī诸zhū公gōng。后hòu太tài傅fù杨yáng骏jùn辟pì为wèi祭jì酒jiǔ。会huì骏jùn诛zhū,累lèi迁qiān太tài子zi洗xǐ马mǎ、著zhù作zuò郎láng。范fàn阳yáng卢lú志zhì于yú众zhòng中zhōng问wèn机jī曰yuē:“陆lù逊xùn、陆lù抗kàng于yú君jūn近jìn远yuǎn?”机jī曰yuē:“如rú君jūn于yú卢lú毓yù、卢lú廷tíng。”志zhì默mò然rán。既jì起qǐ,云yún谓wèi机jī曰yuē:“殊shū邦bāng遐xiá远yuǎn,容róng不bù相xiāng悉xī,何hé至zhì于yú此cǐ!”机jī曰yuē:“我wǒ父fù祖zǔ名míng播bō四sì海hǎi,宁níng不bù知zhī邪xié!”议yì者zhě以yǐ此cǐ定dìng二èr陆lù之zhī优yōu劣liè。

吴wú王wáng晏yàn出chū镇zhèn淮huái南nán,以yǐ机jī为wèi郎láng中zhōng令lìng,迁qiān尚shàng书shū中zhōng兵bīng郎láng,转zhuǎn殿diàn中zhōng郎láng。赵zhào王wáng伦lún辅fǔ政zhèng,引yǐn为wèi相xiàng国guó参cān军jūn。豫yù诛zhū贾jiǎ谧mì功gōng,赐cì爵jué关guān中zhōng侯hóu。伦lún将jiāng篡cuàn位wèi,以yǐ为wéi中zhōng书shū郎láng。伦lún之zhī诛zhū也yě,齐qí王wáng冏jiǒng以yǐ机jī职zhí在zài中zhōng书shū,九jiǔ锡xī文wén及jí禅chán诏zhào疑yí机jī与yǔ焉yān,遂suì收shōu机jī等děng九jiǔ人rén付fù廷tíng尉wèi。赖lài成chéng都dū王wáng颖yǐng、吴wú王wáng晏yàn并bìng救jiù理lǐ之zhī,得dé减jiǎn死sǐ徙xǐ边biān,遇yù赦shè而ér止zhǐ。

初chū机jī有yǒu骏jùn犬quǎn,名míng曰yuē黄huáng耳ěr,甚shèn爱ài之zhī。既jì而ér羁jī寓yù京jīng师shī,久jiǔ无wú家jiā问wèn,笑xiào语yǔ犬quǎn曰yuē:“我wǒ家jiā绝jué无wú书shū信xìn,汝rǔ能néng赍jī书shū取qǔ消xiāo息xī不bù?”犬quǎn摇yáo尾wěi作zuò声shēng。机jī乃nǎi为wèi书shū以yǐ竹zhú筒tǒng盛shèng之zhī而ér系xì其qí颈jǐng,犬quǎn寻xún路lù南nán走zǒu,遂suì至zhì其qí家jiā,得dé报bào还hái洛luò。其qí后hòu因yīn以yǐ为wéi常cháng。时shí中zhōng国guó多duō难nán,顾gù荣róng、戴dài若ruò思sī等děng咸xián劝quàn机jī还hái吴wú,机jī负fù其qí才cái望wàng,而ér志zhì匡kuāng世shì难nán,故gù不bù从cóng。

冏jiǒng既jì矜jīn功gōng自zì伐fá,受shòu爵jué不bù让ràng,机jī恶è之zhī,作zuò《豪háo士shì赋fù》以yǐ刺cì焉yān。其qí序xù曰yuē:

夫fū立lì德dé之zhī基jī有yǒu常cháng,而ér建jiàn功gōng之zhī路lù不bù一yī。何hé则zé?修xiū心xīn以yǐ为wéi量liàng者zhě存cún乎hū我wǒ,因yīn物wù以yǐ成chéng务wù者zhě系xì乎hū彼bǐ。存cún乎hū我wǒ者zhě,隆lóng杀shā止zhǐ乎hū其qí域yù;系xì乎hū彼bǐ者zhě,丰fēng约yuē惟wéi所suǒ遭zāo遇yù。落luò叶yè俟qí微wēi飙biāo以yǐ陨yǔn,而ér风fēng之zhī力lì盖gài寡guǎ;孟mèng尝cháng遭zāo雍yōng门mén以yǐ泣qì,而ér琴qín之zhī感gǎn以yǐ末mò。何hé哉zāi?欲yù陨yǔn之zhī叶yè无wú所suǒ假jiǎ烈liè风fēng,将jiāng坠zhuì之zhī泣qì不bù足zú烦fán哀āi响xiǎng也yě。是shì故gù苟gǒu时shí启qǐ于yú天tiān,理lǐ尽jǐn于yú人rén,庸yōng夫fū可kě以yǐ济jì圣shèng贤xián之zhī功gōng,斗dòu筲shāo可kě以yǐ定dìng烈liè士shì之zhī业yè。故gù曰yuē“才cái不bù半bàn古gǔ,功gōng已yǐ倍bèi之zhī”,盖gài得dé之zhī于yú时shí世shì也yě。历lì观guān今jīn古gǔ,徼jiǎo一yī时shí之zhī功gōng而ér居jū伊yī、周zhōu之zhī位wèi者zhě有yǒu矣yǐ。

夫fū我wǒ之zhī自zì我wǒ,智zhì士shì犹yóu婴yīng其qí累lèi;物wù之zhī相xiāng物wù,昆kūn虫chóng皆jiē有yǒu此cǐ情qíng。夫fū以yǐ自zì我wǒ之zhī量liàng而ér挟xié非fēi常cháng之zhī勋xūn,神shén器qì晖huī其qí顾gù眄miǎn,万wàn物wù随suí其qí俯fǔ仰yǎng,心xīn玩wán居jū常cháng之zhī安ān,耳ěr饱bǎo从cóng谀yú之zhī说shuō,岂qǐ识shí乎hū功gōng在zài身shēn外wài,任rèn出chū才cái表biǎo者zhě哉zāi!且qiě好hǎo荣róng恶è辱rǔ,有yǒu生shēng之zhī所suǒ大dà期qī,忌jì盈yíng害hài上shàng,鬼guǐ神shén犹yóu且qiě不bù免miǎn,人rén主zhǔ操cāo其qí常cháng柄bǐng,天tiān下xià服fú其qí大dà节jié,故gù曰yuē天tiān可kě仇chóu乎hū。而ér时shí有yǒu玄xuán服fú荷hé戟jǐ,立lì乎hū庙miào门mén之zhī下xià,援yuán旗qí誓shì众zhòng,奋fèn于yú阡qiān陌mò之zhī上shàng,况kuàng乎hū世shì主zhǔ制zhì命mìng,自zì下xià裁cái物wù者zhě乎hū!广guǎng树shù恩ēn不bù足zú以yǐ敌dí怨yuàn,勤qín兴xīng利lì不bù足zú以yǐ补bǔ害hài,故gù曰yuē代dài大dà匠jiàng斫zhuó者zhě必bì伤shāng其qí手shǒu。且qiě夫fū政zhèng由yóu宁níng氏shì,忠zhōng臣chén所suǒ以yǐ慷kāng慨kǎi;祭jì则zé寡guǎ人rén,人rén主zhǔ所suǒ不bù久jiǔ堪kān。是shì以yǐ君jūn奭shì怏yàng怏yàng,不bú悦yuè公gōng旦dàn之zhī举jǔ;高gāo平píng师shī师shī,侧cè目mù博bó陆lù之zhī势shì。而ér成chéng王wáng不bù遣qiǎn嫌xián吝lìn于yú怀huái,宣xuān帝dì若ruò负fù芒máng刺cì于yú背bèi,非fēi其qí然rán者zhě欤yú?

嗟jiē乎hū!光guāng于yú四sì表biǎo,德dé莫mò富fù焉yān。王wáng曰yuē叔shū父fù,亲qīn莫mò昵nì焉yān。登dēng帝dì天tiān位wèi,功gōng莫mò厚hòu焉yān。守shǒu节jié没mò齿chǐ,忠zhōng莫mò至zhì焉yān。而ér倾qīng侧cè颠diān沛pèi,仅jǐn而ér自zì全quán,则zé伊yī生shēng抱bào明míng允yǔn以yǐ婴yīng戮lù,文wén子zi怀huái忠zhōng敬jìng而ér齿chǐ剑jiàn,固gù其qí所suǒ也yě。因yīn斯sī以yǐ言yán,夫fū以yǐ笃dǔ圣shèng穆mù亲qīn,如rú彼bǐ之zhī懿yì,大dà德dé至zhì忠zhōng,如rú此cǐ之zhī盛shèng,尚shàng不bù能néng取qǔ信xìn于yú人rén主zhǔ之zhī怀huái,止zhǐ谤bàng于yú众zhòng多duō之zhī口kǒu,过guò此cǐ以yǐ往wǎng,恶è睹dǔ其qí可kě!安ān危wēi之zhī理lǐ,断duàn可kě识shí矣yǐ。又yòu况kuàng乎hū饕tāo大dà名míng以yǐ冒mào道dào家jiā之zhī忌jì,运yùn短duǎn才cái而ér易yì圣shèng哲zhé所suǒ难nán者zhě哉zāi!身shēn危wēi由yóu于yú势shì过guò,而ér不bù知zhī去qù势shì以yǐ求qiú安ān;祸huò积jī起qǐ于yú宠chǒng盛shèng,而ér不bù知zhī辞cí宠chǒng以yǐ招zhāo福fú。见jiàn百bǎi姓xìng之zhī谋móu己jǐ,则zé申shēn宫gōng警jǐng守shǒu,以yǐ崇chóng不bù畜chù之zhī威wēi;惧jù万wàn方fāng之zhī不bù服fú,则zé严yán刑xíng峻jùn制zhì,以yǐ贾jiǎ伤shāng心xīn之zhī怨yuàn。然rán后hòu威wēi穷qióng乎hū震zhèn主zhǔ,而ér怨yuàn行xíng乎hū上shàng下xià,众zhòng心xīn日rì陊duò,危wēi机jī将jiāng发fā,而ér方fāng偃yǎn仰yǎng瞪dèng眄miǎn,谓wèi足zú以yǐ夸kuā世shì,笑xiào古gǔ人rén之zhī未wèi工gōng,忘wàng己jǐ事shì之zhī已yǐ拙zhuō,知zhī曩nǎng勋xūn之zhī可kě矜jīn,暗àn成chéng败bài之zhī有yǒu会huì。是shì以yǐ事shì穷qióng运yùn尽jǐn,必bì有yǒu颠diān仆pū;风fēng起qǐ尘chén合hé,而ér祸huò至zhì常cháng酷kù也yě。圣shèng人rén忌jì功gōng名míng之zhī过guò己jǐ,恶è宠chǒng禄lù之zhī逾yú量liàng,盖gài为wèi此cǐ也yě。

夫fū恶è欲yù之zhī大dà端duān,贤xián愚yú所suǒ共gòng有yǒu,而ér游yóu子zi殉xùn高gāo位wèi于yú生shēng前qián,志zhì士shì思sī垂chuí名míng于yú身shēn后hòu,受shòu生shēng之zhī分fēn,惟wéi此cǐ而ér已yǐ。夫fū盖gài世shì之zhī业yè,名míng莫mò盛shèng焉yān;率lǜ意yì无wú违wéi,欲yù莫mò顺shùn焉yān。借jiè使shǐ伊yī人rén颇pǒ览lǎn天tiān道dào,知zhī尽jǐn不bù可kě益yì,盈yíng难nán久jiǔ持chí,超chāo然rán自zì引yǐn,高gāo揖yī而ér退tuì,则zé巍wēi巍wēi之zhī盛shèng,仰yǎng邈miǎo前qián贤xián,洋yáng洋yáng之zhī风fēng,俯fǔ观guān来lái籍jí,而ér大dà欲yù不bù止zhǐ于yú身shēn,至zhì乐lè无wú愆qiān乎hū旧jiù,节jié弥mí效xiào而ér德dé弥mí广guǎng,身shēn逾yú逸yì而ér名míng逾yú劭shào。此cǐ之zhī不bù为wèi,而ér彼bǐ之zhī必bì昧mèi,然rán后hòu河hé海hǎi之zhī迹jì堙yīn为wèi穷qióng流liú,一yī匮kuì之zhī衅xìn积jī成chéng山shān岳yuè,名míng编biān凶xiōng顽wán之zhī条tiáo,身shēn厌yàn荼tú毒dú之zhī痛tòng,岂qǐ不bù谬miù哉zāi!故gù聊liáo为wèi赋fù焉yān,庶shù使shǐ百bǎi世shì少shǎo有yǒu悟wù云yún。

冏jiǒng不bù之zhī悟wù,而ér竟jìng以yǐ败bài。

机jī又yòu以yǐ圣shèng王wáng经jīng国guó,义yì在zài封fēng建jiàn,因yīn采cǎi其qí远yuǎn指zhǐ,著zhù《五wǔ等děng论lùn》曰yuē:

夫fū体tǐ国guó经jīng野yě,先xiān王wáng所suǒ慎shèn,创chuàng制zhì垂chuí基jī,思sī隆lóng后hòu叶yè。然rán而ér经jīng略lüè不bù同tóng,长zhǎng世shì异yì术shù。五wǔ等děng之zhī制zhì,始shǐ于yú黄huáng、唐táng,郡jùn县xiàn之zhī治zhì,创chuàng于yú秦qín、汉hàn,得dé失shī成chéng败bài,备bèi在zài典diǎn谟mó,是shì以yǐ其qí详xiáng可kě得dé而ér言yán。

夫fū王wáng者zhě知zhī帝dì业yè至zhì重zhòng,天tiān下xià至zhì广guǎng。广guǎng不bù可kě以yǐ偏piān制zhì,重zhòng不bù可kě以yǐ独dú任rèn。任rèn重zhòng必bì于yú借jiè力lì,制zhì广guǎng终zhōng乎hū因yīn人rén。故gù设shè官guān分fēn职zhí,所suǒ以yǐ轻qīng其qí任rèn也yě;并bìng建jiàn伍wǔ长zhǎng,所suǒ以yǐ弘hóng其qí制zhì也yě。于yú是shì乎hū立lì其qí封fēng疆jiāng之zhī典diǎn,裁cái其qí亲qīn疏shū之zhī宜yí,使shǐ万wàn国guó相xiāng维wéi,以yǐ成chéng盘pán石shí之zhī固gù;宗zōng庶shù杂zá居jū,而ér定dìng维wéi城chéng之zhī业yè。又yòu有yǒu以yǐ见jiàn绥suí世shì之zhī长zhǎng御yù,识shí人rén情qíng之zhī大dà方fāng,知zhī其qí为wéi人rén不bù如rú厚hòu己jǐ,利lì物wù不bù如rú图tú身shēn;安ān上shàng在zài于yú悦yuè下xià,为wèi己jǐ存cún乎hū利lì人rén。故gù《易yì》曰yuē“悦yuè以yǐ使shǐ人rén,人rén忘wàng其qí劳láo”,孙sūn卿qīng曰yuē“不bù利lì而ér利lì之zhī,不bù如rú利lì而ér后hòu利lì之zhī利lì也yě”。是shì以yǐ分fēn天tiān下xià以yǐ厚hòu乐lè,则zé己jǐ得dé与yǔ之zhī同tóng忧yōu;飨xiǎng天tiān下xià以yǐ丰fēng利lì,而ér己jǐ得dé与yǔ之zhī共gòng害hài。利lì博bó而ér恩ēn笃dǔ,乐lè远yuǎn则zé忧yōu深shēn,故gù诸zhū侯hóu享xiǎng食shí土tǔ之zhī实shí,万wàn国guó受shòu传chuán世shì之zhī祚zuò。夫fū然rán,则zé南nán面miàn之zhī君jūn各gè务wù其qí政zhèng,九jiǔ服fú之zhī内nèi知zhī有yǒu定dìng主zhǔ,上shàng之zhī子zi爱ài于yú是shì乎hū生shēng,下xià之zhī礼lǐ信xìn于yú是shì乎hū结jié,世shì平píng足zú以yǐ敦dūn风fēng,道dào衰shuāi足zú以yǐ御yù暴bào。故gù强qiáng毅yì之zhī国guó不bù能néng擅shàn一yī时shí之zhī势shì,雄xióng俊jùn之zhī人rén无wú所suǒ寄jì霸bà王wáng之zhī志zhì。然rán后hòu国guó安ān由yóu万wàn邦bāng之zhī思sī化huà,主zhǔ尊zūn赖lài群qún后hòu之zhī图tú身shēn,譬pì犹yóu众zhòng目mù营yíng方fāng,则zé天tiān网wǎng自zì昶chǎng;四sì体tǐ辞cí难nán,而ér心xīn膂lǚ获huò乂yì。盖gài三sān代dài所suǒ以yǐ直zhí道dào,四sì王wáng所suǒ以yǐ垂chuí业yè也yě。

夫fū盛shèng衰shuāi隆lóng弊bì,理lǐ所suǒ固gù有yǒu,教jiào之zhī废fèi兴xīng,系xì乎hū其qí人rén,原yuán法fǎ期qī于yú必bì谅liàng,明míng道dào有yǒu时shí而ér暗àn。故gù世shì及jí之zhī制zhì弊bì于yú强qiáng御yù,厚hòu下xià之zhī典diǎn漏lòu于yú末mò折zhé,侵qīn弱ruò之zhī衅xìn遘gòu自zì三sān委wěi,陵líng夷yí之zhī祸huò终zhōng乎hū七qī雄xióng。昔xī成chéng汤tāng亲qīn照zhào夏xià后hòu之zhī鉴jiàn,公gōng旦dàn目mù涉shè商shāng人rén之zhī戒jiè,文wén质zhì相xiāng济jì,损sǔn益yì有yǒu物wù。然rán五wǔ等děng之zhī礼lǐ,不bù革gé于yú时shí,封fēng畛zhěn之zhī制zhì,有yǒu隆lóng尔ěr者zhě,岂qǐ玩wán二èr王wáng之zhī祸huò而ér暗àn经jīng世shì之zhī算suàn乎hū?固gù知zhī百bǎi世shì非fēi可kě悬xuán御yù,善shàn制zhì不bù能néng无wú弊bì,而ér侵qīn弱ruò之zhī辱rǔ愈yù于yú殄tiǎn祀sì,土tǔ崩bēng之zhī困kùn痛tòng于yú陵líng夷yí也yě。是shì以yǐ经jīng始shǐ获huò其qí多duō福fú,虑lǜ终zhōng取qǔ其qí少shǎo祸huò,非fēi谓wèi侯hóu伯bó无wú可kě乱luàn之zhī符fú,郡jùn县xiàn非fēi兴xīng化huà之zhī具jù。故gù国guó忧yōu赖lài其qí释shì位wèi,主zhǔ弱ruò凭píng于yú翼yì戴dài。及jí承chéng微wēi积jī弊bì,王wáng室shì遂suì卑bēi,犹yóu保bǎo名míng位wèi,祚zuò垂chuí后hòu嗣sì,皇huáng统tǒng幽yōu而ér不bù辍chuò,神shén器qì否fǒu而ér必bì存cún者zhě,岂qǐ非fēi事shì势shì使shǐ之zhī然rán欤yú!

降jiàng及jí亡wáng秦qín,弃qì道dào任rèn术shù,惩chéng周zhōu之zhī失shī,自zì矜jīn其qí得dé。寻xún斧fǔ始shǐ于yú所suǒ庇bì,制zhì国guó昧mèi于yú弱ruò下xià,国guó庆qìng独dú飨xiǎng其qí利lì,主zhǔ忧yōu莫mò与yǔ共gòng害hài。虽suī速sù亡wáng趋qū乱luàn,不bù必bì一yī道dào,颠diān沛pèi之zhī衅xìn,实shí由yóu孤gū立lì。是shì盖gài思sī五wǔ等děng之zhī小xiǎo怨yuàn,亡wáng万wàn国guó之zhī大dà德dé,知zhī陵líng夷yí之zhī可kě患huàn,暗àn土tǔ崩bēng之zhī为wèi痛tòng也yě。周zhōu之zhī不bù竞jìng,有yǒu自zì来lái矣yǐ。国guó乏fá令lìng主zhǔ,十shí有yǒu余yú世shì。然rán片piàn言yán勤qín王wáng,诸zhū侯hóu必bì应yīng,一yī朝zhāo振zhèn矜jīn,远yuǎn国guó先xiān叛pàn,故gù强qiáng晋jìn收shōu其qí请qǐng隧suì之zhī图tú,暴bào楚chǔ顿dùn其qí观guān鼎dǐng之zhī志zhì,岂qǐ刘liú、项xiàng之zhī能néng窥kuī关guān,胜shèng、广guǎng之zhī敢gǎn号hào泽zé哉zāi!借jiè使shǐ秦qín人rén因yīn循xún其qí制zhì,虽suī则zé无wú道dào,有yǒu与yǔ共gòng亡wáng,覆fù灭miè之zhī祸huò,岂qǐ在zài曩nǎng日rì!

汉hàn矫jiǎo秦qín枉wǎng,大dà启qǐ王wáng侯hóu,境jìng土tǔ逾yú溢yì,不bù遵zūn旧jiù典diǎn,故gù贾jiǎ生shēng忧yōu其qí危wēi,晁cháo错cuò痛tòng其qí乱luàn。是shì以yǐ诸zhū侯hóu岨qū其qí国guó家jiā之zhī富fù,凭píng其qí士shì庶shù之zhī力lì,势shì足zú者zhě反fǎn疾jí,土tǔ狭xiá者zhě逆nì迟chí,六liù臣chén犯fàn其qí弱ruò纲gāng,七qī子zi冲chōng其qí漏lòu网wǎng,皇huáng祖zǔ夷yí于yú黔qián徒tú,西xī京jīng病bìng于yú东dōng帝dì。是shì盖gài过guò正zhèng之zhī灾zāi,而ér非fēi建jiàn侯hóu之zhī累lèi也yě。然rán吕lǚ氏shì之zhī难nán,朝cháo士shì外wài顾gù;宋sòng昌chāng策cè汉hàn,必bì称chēng诸zhū侯hóu。逮dǎi至zhì中zhōng叶yè,忌jì其qí失shī节jié,割gē削xuē宗zōng子zi,有yǒu名míng无wú实shí,天tiān下xià旷kuàng然rán,复fù袭xí亡wáng秦qín之zhī轨guǐ矣yǐ。是shì以yǐ五wǔ侯hóu作zuò威wēi,不bù忌jì万wàn国guó;新xīn都dōu袭xí汉hàn,易yì于yú拾shí遗yí也yě。光guāng武wǔ中zhōng兴xīng,纂zuǎn隆lóng皇huáng统tǒng,而ér由yóu遵zūn覆fù车chē之zhī遗yí辙zhé,养yǎng丧sāng家jiā之zhī宿sù疾jí,仅jǐn及jí数shù世shì,奸jiān宄guǐ弃qì斥chì。卒zú有yǒu强qiáng臣chén专zhuān朝cháo,则zé天tiān下xià风fēng靡mí,一yī夫fū从cóng衡héng,而ér城chéng池chí自zì夷yí,岂qǐ不bù危wēi哉zāi!

在zài周zhōu之zhī衰shuāi,难nán兴xīng王wáng室shì,放fàng命mìng者zhě七qī臣chén,干gàn位wèi者zhě三sān子zi,嗣sì王wáng委wěi其qí九jiǔ鼎dǐng,凶xiōng族zú据jù其qí天tiān邑yì,钲zhēng鼙pí震zhèn于yú阃kǔn宇yǔ,锋fēng镝dī流liú于yú绛jiàng阙quē,然rán祸huò止zhǐ畿jī甸diān,害hài不bù覃tán及jí,天tiān下xià晏yàn然rán,以yǐ安ān待dài危wēi。是shì以yǐ宣xuān王wáng兴xīng于yú共gòng和hé,襄xiāng惠huì振zhèn于yú晋jìn、郑zhèng。岂qǐ若ruò二èr汉hàn阶jiē闼tà暂zàn扰rǎo,而ér四sì海hǎi已yǐ沸fèi,嬖bì臣chén朝cháo入rù,九jiǔ服fú夕xī乱luàn哉zāi!

远yuǎn惟wéi王wáng莽mǎng篡cuàn逆nì之zhī事shì,近jìn览lǎn董dǒng卓zhuó擅shàn权quán之zhī际jì,亿yì兆zhào悼dào心xīn,愚yú智zhì同tóng痛tòng。然rán周zhōu以yǐ之zhī存cún,汉hàn以yǐ之zhī亡wáng,夫fū何hé故gù哉zāi?岂qǐ世shì乏fá曩nǎng时shí之zhī臣chén,士shì无wú匡kuāng合hé之zhī志zhì欤yú?盖gài远yuǎn绩jì屈qū于yú时shí异yì,雄xióng心xīn挫cuò于yú卑bēi势shì耳ěr。故gù烈liè士shì扼è腕wàn,终zhōng委wěi寇kòu仇chóu之zhī手shǒu;中zhōng人rén变biàn节jié,以yǐ助zhù虐nüè国guó之zhī桀jié。虽suī复fù时shí有yǒu鸠jiū合hé同tóng志zhì以yǐ谋móu王wáng室shì,然rán上shàng非fēi奥ào主zhǔ,下xià皆jiē市shì人rén,师shī旅lǚ无wú先xiān定dìng之zhī班bān,君jūn臣chén无wú相xiāng保bǎo之zhī志zhì,是shì以yǐ义yì兵bīng云yún合hé,无wú救jiù劫jié杀shā之zhī祸huò,众zhòng望wàng未wèi改gǎi,而ér已yǐ见jiàn大dà汉hàn之zhī灭miè矣yǐ。

或huò以yǐ“诸zhū侯hóu世shì位wèi,不bù必bì常cháng全quán,昏hūn主zhǔ暴bào君jūn,有yǒu时shí比bǐ迹jì,故gù五wǔ等děng所suǒ以yǐ多duō乱luàn。今jīn之zhī牧mù守shǒu,皆jiē官guān方fāng庸yōng能néng,虽suī或huò失shī之zhī,其qí得dé固gù多duō,故gù郡jùn县xiàn易yì以yǐ为wéi政zhèng”。夫fū德dé之zhī休xiū明míng,黜chù陟zhì日rì用yòng,长zhǎng率lǜ连lián属shǔ,咸xián述shù其qí职zhí,而ér淫yín昏hūn之zhī郡jùn无wú所suǒ容róng过guò,何hé则zé其qí不bù治zhì哉zāi!故gù先xiān代dài有yǒu以yǐ兴xīng矣yǐ。苟gǒu或huò衰shuāi陵líng,百bǎi度dù自zì悖bèi,鬻yù官guān之zhī吏lì以yǐ货huò准zhǔn财cái,则zé贪tān残cán之zhī萌méng皆jiē群qún后hòu也yě,安ān在zài其qí不bù乱luàn哉zāi!故gù后hòu王wáng有yǒu以yǐ之zhī废fèi矣yǐ。且qiě要yào而ér言yán之zhī,五wǔ等děng之zhī君jūn,为wèi己jǐ思sī政zhèng;郡jùn县xiàn之zhī长zhǎng,为wèi吏lì图tú物wù。何hé以yǐ征zhēng之zhī?盖gài企qǐ及jí进jìn取qǔ,仕shì子zi之zhī常cháng志zhì;修xiū己jǐ安ān人rén,良liáng士shì所suǒ希xī及jí。夫fū进jìn取qǔ之zhī情qíng锐ruì,而ér安ān人rén之zhī誉yù迟chí,是shì故gù侵qīn百bǎi姓xìng以yǐ利lì己jǐ者zhě,在zài位wèi所suǒ不bù惮dàn;损sǔn实shí事shì以yǐ养yǎng名míng者zhě,官guān长zhǎng所suǒ夙sù慕mù也yě。君jūn无wú卒zú岁suì之zhī图tú,臣chén挟xié一yī时shí之zhī志zhì。五wǔ等děng则zé不bù然rán。知zhī国guó为wèi己jǐ土tǔ,众zhòng皆jiē我wǒ民mín;民mín安ān,己jǐ受shòu其qí利lì;国guó伤shāng,家jiā婴yīng其qí病bìng。故gù前qián人rén欲yù以yǐ垂chuí后hòu,后hòu嗣sì思sī其qí堂táng构gòu,为wèi上shàng无wú苟gǒu且qiě之zhī心xīn,群qún下xià知zhī胶jiāo固gù之zhī义yì。使shǐ其qí并bìng贤xián居jū政zhèng,则zé功gōng有yǒu厚hòu薄bó;两liǎng愚yú处chù乱luàn,则zé过guò有yǒu深shēn浅qiǎn。然rán则zé八bā代dài之zhī制zhì,几jǐ可kě以yǐ一yī理lǐ贯guàn;秦qín、汉hàn之zhī典diǎn,殆dài可kě以yǐ一yī言yán蔽bì也yě。

时shí成chéng都dū王wáng颖yǐng推tuī功gōng不bù居jū,劳láo谦qiān下xià士shì。机jī既jì感gǎn全quán济jì之zhī恩ēn,又yòu见jiàn朝cháo廷tíng屡lǚ有yǒu变biàn难nán,谓wèi颖yǐng必bì能néng康kāng隆lóng晋jìn室shì,遂suì委wěi身shēn焉yān。颖yǐng以yǐ机jī参cān大dà将jiāng军jūn军jūn事shì,表biǎo为wèi平píng原yuán内nèi史shǐ。太tài安ān初chū,颖yǐng与yǔ河hé间jiān王wáng颙yóng起qǐ兵bīng讨tǎo长cháng沙shā王wáng乂yì,假jiǎ机jī后hòu将jiāng军jūn、河hé北běi大dà都dū督dū,督dū北běi中zhōng郎láng将jiāng王wáng粹cuì、冠guàn军jūn牵qiān秀xiù等děng诸zhū军jūn二èr十shí余yú万wàn人rén。机jī以yǐ三sān世shì为wèi将jiāng,道dào家jiā所suǒ忌jì,又yòu羁jī旅lǚ入rù宦huàn,屯tún居jū群qún士shì之zhī右yòu,而ér王wáng粹cuì、牵qiān秀xiù等děng皆jiē有yǒu怨yuàn心xīn,固gù辞cí都dū督dū。颖yǐng不bù许xǔ。机jī乡xiāng人rén孙sūn惠huì亦yì劝quàn机jī让ràng都dū督dū于yú粹cuì,机jī曰yuē:“将jiāng谓wèi吾wú为wéi首shǒu鼠shǔ避bì贼zéi,适shì所suǒ以yǐ速sù祸huò也yě。”遂suì行xíng。颖yǐng谓wèi机jī曰yuē:“若ruò功gōng成chéng事shì定dìng,当dāng爵jué为wèi郡jùn公gōng,位wèi以yǐ台tái司sī,将jiāng军jūn勉miǎn之zhī矣yǐ!”机jī曰yuē:“昔xī齐qí桓huán任rèn夷yí吾wú以yǐ建jiàn九jiǔ合hé之zhī功gōng,燕yàn惠huì疑yí乐yuè毅yì以yǐ失shī垂chuí成chéng之zhī业yè,今jīn日rì之zhī事shì,在zài公gōng不bù在zài机jī也yě。”颖yǐng左zuǒ长zhǎng史shǐ卢lú志zhì心xīn害hài机jī宠chǒng,言yán于yú颖yǐng曰yuē:“陆lù机jī自zì比bǐ管guǎn、乐lè,拟nǐ君jūn暗àn主zhǔ,自zì古gǔ命mìng将jiāng遣qiǎn师shī,未wèi有yǒu臣chén陵líng其qí君jūn而ér可kě以yǐ济jì事shì者zhě也yě。”颖yǐng默mò然rán。机jī始shǐ临lín戎róng,而ér牙yá旗qí折zhé,意yì甚shèn恶è之zhī。列liè军jūn自zì朝cháo歌gē至zhì于yú河hé桥qiáo,鼓gǔ声shēng闻wén数shù百bǎi里lǐ,汉hàn、魏wèi以yǐ来lái,出chū师shī之zhī盛shèng,未wèi尝cháng有yǒu也yě。长cháng沙shā王wáng乂yì奉fèng天tiān子zi与yǔ机jī战zhàn于yú鹿lù苑yuàn,机jī军jūn大dà败bài,赴fù七qī里lǐ涧jiàn而ér死sǐ者zhě如rú积jī焉yān,水shuǐ为wèi之zhī不bù流liú,将jiāng军jūn贾jiǎ棱léng皆jiē死sǐ之zhī。

初chū,宦huàn人rén孟mèng玖jiǔ弟dì超chāo并bìng为wèi颖yǐng所suǒ嬖bì宠chǒng。超chāo领lǐng万wàn人rén为wéi小xiǎo都dū督dū,未wèi战zhàn,纵zòng兵bīng大dà掠lüè。机jī录lù其qí主zhǔ者zhě。超chāo将jiāng铁tiě骑qí百bǎi余yú人rén,直zhí入rù机jī麾huī下xià夺duó之zhī,顾gù谓wèi机jī曰yuē:“貉háo奴nú能néng作zuò督dū不bù!”机jī司sī马mǎ孙sūn拯zhěng劝quàn机jī杀shā之zhī,机jī不bù能néng用yòng。超chāo宣xuān言yán于yú众zhòng曰yuē:“陆lù机jī将jiāng反fǎn。”又yòu还huán书shū与yǔ玖jiǔ言yán机jī持chí两liǎng端duān,军jūn不bù速sù决jué。及jí战zhàn,超chāo不bù受shòu机jī节jié度dù,轻qīng兵bīng独dú进jìn而ér没méi。玖jiǔ疑yí机jī杀shā之zhī,遂suì谮zèn机jī于yú颖yǐng,言yán其qí有yǒu异yì志zhì。将jiāng军jūn王wáng阐chǎn、郝hǎo昌chāng、公gōng师shī籓fān等děng皆jiē玖jiǔ所suǒ用yòng,与yǔ牵qiān秀xiù等děng共gòng证zhèng之zhī。颖yǐng大dà怒nù,使shǐ秀xiù密mì收shōu机jī。其qí夕xī,机jī梦mèng黑hēi幰xiǎn绕rào车chē,手shǒu决jué不bù开kāi,天tiān明míng而ér秀xiù兵bīng至zhì。机jī释shì戎róng服fú,著zhù白bái帢qià,与yǔ秀xiù相xiāng见jiàn,神shén色sè自zì若ruò,谓wèi秀xiù曰yuē:“自zì吴wú朝cháo倾qīng覆fù,吾wú兄xiōng弟dì宗zōng族zú蒙méng国guó重zhòng恩ēn,入rù侍shì帷wéi幄wò,出chū剖pōu符fú竹zhú。成chéng都dū命mìng吾wú以yǐ重zhòng任rèn,辞cí不bù获huò已yǐ。今jīn日rì受shòu诛zhū,岂qǐ非fēi命mìng也yě!”因yīn与yǔ颖yǐng笺jiān,词cí甚shèn凄qī恻cè。既jì而ér叹tàn曰yuē:“华huà亭tíng鹤hè唳lì,岂qǐ可kě复fù闻wén乎hū!”遂suì遇yù害hài于yú军jūn中zhōng,时shí年nián四sì十shí三sān。二èr子zi蔚wèi、夏xià亦yì同tóng被bèi害hài。机jī既jì死sǐ非fēi其qí罪zuì,士shì卒zú痛tòng之zhī,莫mò不bù流liú涕tì。是shì日rì昏hūn雾wù昼zhòu合hé,大dà风fēng折zhé木mù,平píng地dì尺chǐ雪xuě,议yì者zhě以yǐ为wéi陆lù氏shì之zhī冤yuān。

机jī天tiān才cái秀xiù逸yì,辞cí藻zǎo宏hóng丽lì,张zhāng华huá尝cháng谓wèi之zhī曰yuē:“人rén之zhī为wèi文wén,常cháng恨hèn才cái少shǎo,而ér子zi更gèng患huàn其qí多duō。”弟dì云yún尝cháng与yǔ书shū曰yuē:“君jūn苗miáo见jiàn兄xiōng文wén,辄zhé欲yù烧shāo其qí笔bǐ砚yàn。”后hòu葛gé洪hóng著zhù书shū,称chēng“机jī文wén犹yóu玄xuán圃pǔ之zhī积jī玉yù,无wú非fēi夜yè光guāng焉yān,五wǔ河hé之zhī吐tǔ流liú,泉quán源yuán如rú一yī焉yān。其qí弘hóng丽lì妍yán赡shàn,英yīng锐ruì漂piāo逸yì,亦yì一yí代dài之zhī绝jué乎hū!”其qí为wéi人rén所suǒ推tuī服fú如rú此cǐ。然rán好hǎo游yóu权quán门mén,与yǔ贾jiǎ谧mì亲qīn善shàn,以yǐ进jìn趣qù获huò讥jī。所suǒ著zhù文wén章zhāng凡fán三sān百bǎi余yú篇piān,并bìng行xíng于yú世shì。

孙sūn拯zhěng者zhě,字zì显xiǎn世shì,吴wú都dōu富fù春chūn人rén也yě。能néng属zhǔ文wén,仕shì吴wú为wèi黄huáng门mén郎láng。孙sūn皓hào世shì,侍shì臣chén多duō得dé罪zuì,惟wéi拯zhěng与yǔ顾gù荣róng以yǐ智zhì全quán。吴wú平píng后hòu,为wèi涿zhuō令lìng,有yǒu称chēng绩jì。机jī既jì为wèi孟mèng玖jiǔ等děng所suǒ诬wū收shōu拯zhěng考kǎo掠lüè,两liǎng踝huái骨gǔ见jiàn,终zhōng不bù变biàn辞cí。门mén生shēng费fèi慈cí、宰zǎi意yì二èr人rén诣yì狱yù明míng拯zhěng,拯zhěng譬pì遣qiǎn之zhī曰yuē:“吾wú义yì不bù可kě诬wū枉wǎng知zhī故gù,卿qīng何hé宜yí复fù尔ěr?”二èr人rén曰yuē:“仆pū亦yì安ān得dé负fù君jūn!”拯zhěng遂suì死sǐ狱yù中zhōng,而ér慈cí、意yì亦yì死sǐ。

云yún字zì士shì龙lóng,六liù岁suì能néng属zhǔ文wén,性xìng清qīng正zhèng,有yǒu才cái理lǐ。少shǎo与yǔ兄xiōng机jī齐qí名míng,虽suī文wén章zhāng不bù及jí机jī,而ér持chí论lùn过guò之zhī,号hào曰yuē“二èr陆lù”。幼yòu时shí吴wú尚shàng书shū广guǎng陵líng闵mǐn鸿hóng见jiàn而ér奇qí之zhī,曰yuē:“此cǐ兒ér若ruò非fēi龙lóng驹jū,当dāng是shì凤fèng雏chú。”后hòu举jǔ云yún贤xián良liáng,时shí年nián十shí六liù。吴wú平píng,入rù洛luò。机jī初chū诣yì张zhāng华huá,华huá问wèn云yún何hé在zài。机jī曰yuē:“云yún有yǒu笑xiào疾jí,未wèi敢gǎn自zì见jiàn。”俄é而ér云yún至zhì。华huá为wéi人rén多duō姿zī制zhì,又yòu好hǎo帛bó绳shéng缠chán须xū。云yún见jiàn而ér大dà笑xiào,不bù能néng自zì已yǐ。先xiān是shì,尝cháng著zhù缞cuī绖dié上shàng船chuán,于yú水shuǐ中zhōng顾gù见jiàn其qí影yǐng,因yīn大dà笑xiào落luò水shuǐ,人rén救jiù获huò免miǎn。云yún与yǔ荀xún隐yǐn素sù未wèi相xiāng识shí,尝cháng会huì华huá坐zuò,华huá曰yuē:“今jīn日rì相xiāng遇yù,可kě勿wù为wèi常cháng谈tán。”云yún因yīn抗kàng手shǒu曰yuē:“云yún间jiān陆lù士shì龙lóng。”隐yǐn曰yuē:“日rì下xià荀xún鸣míng鹤hè。”鸣míng鹤hè,隐yǐn字zì也yě。云yún又yòu曰yuē:“既jì开kāi青qīng云yún睹dǔ白bái雉zhì,何hé不bù张zhāng尔ěr弓gōng,挟xié尔ěr矢shǐ?”隐yǐn曰yuē:“本běn谓wèi是shì云yún龙lóng骙kuí骙kuí,乃nǎi是shì山shān鹿lù野yě麋mí。兽shòu微wēi弩nǔ强qiáng,是shì以yǐ发fā迟chí。”华huá抚fǔ手shǒu大dà笑xiào。刺cì史shǐ周zhōu浚jùn召zhào为wèi从cóng事shì,谓wèi人rén曰yuē:“陆lù士shì龙lóng当dāng今jīn之zhī颜yán子zi也yě。”

俄é以yǐ公gōng府fǔ掾yuàn为wèi太tài子zi舍shě人rén,出chū补bǔ浚jùn仪yí令lìng。县xiàn居jū都dū会huì之zhī要yào,名míng为wéi难nán理lǐ。云yún到dào官guān肃sù然rán,下xià不bù能néng欺qī,市shì无wú二èr价jià。人rén有yǒu见jiàn杀shā者zhě,主zhǔ名míng不bù立lì,云yún录lù其qí妻qī,而ér无wú所suǒ问wèn。十shí许xǔ日rì遣qiǎn出chū,密mì令lìng人rén随suí后hòu,谓wèi曰yuē:“其qí去qù不bù出chū十shí里lǐ,当dāng有yǒu男nán子zi候hòu之zhī与yǔ语yǔ,便biàn缚fù来lái。”既jì而ér果guǒ然rán。问wèn之zhī具jù服fú,云yún:“与yǔ此cǐ妻qī通tōng,共gòng杀shā其qí夫fū,闻wén妻qī得dé出chū,欲yù与yǔ语yǔ,惮dàn近jìn县xiàn,故gù远yuǎn相xiāng要yào候hòu。”于yú是shì一yī县xiàn称chēng其qí神shén明míng。郡jùn守shǒu害hài其qí能néng,屡lǚ谴qiǎn责zé之zhī,云yún乃nǎi去qù官guān。百bǎi姓xìng追zhuī思sī之zhī,图tú画huà形xíng象xiàng,配pèi食shí县xiàn社shè。

寻xún拜bài吴wú王wáng晏yàn郎láng中zhōng令lìng。晏yàn于yú西xī园yuán大dà营yíng第dì室shì,云yún上shàng书shū曰yuē:“臣chén窃qiè见jiàn世shì祖zǔ武wǔ皇huáng帝dì临lín朝cháo拱gǒng默mò,训xùn世shì以yǐ俭jiǎn,即jí位wèi二èr十shí有yǒu六liù载zài,宫gōng室shì台tái榭xiè无wú所suǒ新xīn营yíng,屡lǚ发fā明míng诏zhào,厚hòu戒jiè丰fēng奢shē。国guó家jiā纂zuǎn承chéng,务wù在zài遵zūn奉fèng,而ér世shì俗sú陵líng迟chí,家jiā竞jìng盈yíng溢yì,渐jiān渍zì波bō荡dàng,遂suì已yǐ成chéng风fēng。虽suī严yán诏zhào屡lǚ宣xuān,而ér侈chǐ俗sú滋zī广guǎng。每měi观guān诏zhào书shū,众zhòng庶shù叹tàn息xī。清qīng河hé王wáng昔xī起qǐ墓mù宅zhái时shí,手shǒu诏zhào追zhuī述shù先xiān帝dì节jié俭jiǎn之zhī教jiào,恳kěn切qiè之zhī旨zhǐ,形xíng于yú四sì海hǎi。清qīng河hé王wáng毁huǐ坏huài成chéng宅zhái以yǐ奉fèng诏zhào命mìng,海hǎi内nèi听tīng望wàng,咸xián用yòng欣xīn然rán。臣chén愚yú以yǐ先xiān帝dì遗yí教jiào日rì以yǐ陵líng替tì,今jīn与yǔ国guó家jiā协xié崇chóng大dà化huà、追zhuī阐chǎn前qián踪zōng者zhě,实shí在zài殿diàn下xià。先xiān敦dūn素sù朴piáo而ér后hòu可kě以yǐ训xùn正zhèng四sì方fāng;凡fán在zài崇chóng丽lì,一yī宜yí节jié之zhī以yǐ制zhì,然rán后hòu上shàng厌yàn帝dì心xīn,下xià允yǔn时shí望wàng。臣chén以yǐ凡fán才cái,特tè蒙méng拔bá擢zhuó,亦yì思sī竭jié忠zhōng效xiào节jié以yǐ报bào所suǒ受shòu之zhī施shī,是shì以yǐ不bù虑lǜ犯fàn迕wù,敢gǎn陈chén所suǒ怀huái。如rú愚yú臣chén言yán有yǒu可kě采cǎi,乞qǐ垂chuí三sān省shěng。”

时shí晏yàn信xìn任rèn部bù将jiàng,使shǐ覆fù察chá诸zhū官guān钱qián帛bó,云yún又yòu陈chén曰yuē:“伏fú见jiàn令lìng书shū,以yǐ部bù曲qū将jiāng李lǐ咸xián、冯féng南nán、司sī马mǎ吴wú定dìng、给gěi使shǐ徐xú泰tài等děng覆fù校xiào诸zhū官guān市shì买mǎi钱qián帛bó簿bù。臣chén愚yú以yǐ圣shèng德dé龙lóng兴xīng,光guāng有yǒu大dà国guó,选xuǎn众zhòng官guān材cái,庶shù工gōng肄yì业yè。中zhōng尉wèi该gāi、大dà农nóng诞dàn皆jiē清qīng廉lián淑shū慎shèn,恪kè居jū所suǒ司sī,其qí下xià众zhòng官guān,悉xī州zhōu闾lǘ一yī介jiè,疏shū暗àn之zhī咎jiù,虽suī可kě日rì闻wén,至zhì于yú处chù义yì用yòng情qíng,庶shù无wú大dà戾lì。今jīn咸xián、南nán军jūn旅lǚ小xiǎo人rén,定dìng、泰tài士shì卒zú厮sī贱jiàn,非fēi有yǒu清qīng慎shèn素sù著zhù,忠zhōng公gōng足zú称chēng。大dà臣chén所suǒ关guān,犹yóu谓wèi未wèi详xiáng,咸xián等děng督dū察chá,然rán后hòu得dé信xìn,既jì非fēi开kāi国guó勿wù用yòng之zhī义yì,又yòu伤shāng殿diàn下xià推tuī诚chéng旷kuàng荡dàng之zhī量liàng。虽suī使shǐ咸xián等děng能néng尽jǐn节jié益yì国guó,而ér功gōng利lì百bǎi倍bèi,至zhì于yú光guāng辅fǔ国guó美měi,犹yóu未wèi若ruò开kāi怀huái信xìn士shì之zhī无wú失shī。况kuàng所suǒ益yì不bù过guò姑gū息xī之zhī利lì,而ér使shǐ小xiǎo人rén用yòng事shì,大dà道dào陵líng替tì,此cǐ臣chén所suǒ以yǐ慷kāng慨kǎi也yě。臣chén备bèi位wèi大dà臣chén,职zhí在zài献xiàn可kě,苟gǒu有yǒu管guǎn见jiàn,敢gǎn不bù尽jìn规guī。愚yú以yǐ宜yí发fā明míng令lìng,罢bà此cǐ等děng覆fù察chá,众zhòng事shì一yī付fù治zhì书shū,则zé大dà信xìn临lín下xià,人rén思sī尽jǐn节jié矣yǐ。”

云yún爱ài才cái好hǎo士shì,多duō所suǒ贡gòng达dá。移yí书shū太tài常cháng府fǔ荐jiàn同tóng郡jùn张zhāng赡shàn曰yuē:“盖gài闻wén在zài昔xī圣shèng王wáng,承chéng天tiān御yù世shì,殷yīn荐jiàn明míng德dé,思sī和hé人rén神shén,莫mò不bù崇chóng典diǎn谟mó以yǐ教jiào思sī,兴xīng礼lǐ学xué以yǐ陶táo远yuǎn。是shì以yǐ帝dì尧yáo昭zhāo焕huàn而ér道dào协xié人rén天tiān,西xī伯bó质zhì文wén而ér周zhōu隆lóng二èr代dài。大dà晋jìn建jiàn皇huáng,崇chóng配pèi天tiān地dì,区qū夏xià既jì混hùn,礼lǐ乐yuè将jiāng庸yōng。君jūn侯hóu应yīng历lì运yùn之zhī会huì,赞zàn天tiān人rén之zhī期qī,博bó延yán俊jùn茂mào,熙xī隆lóng载zài典diǎn。伏fú见jiàn卫wèi将jiāng军jūn舍shě人rén同tóng郡jùn张zhāng赡shàn,茂mào德dé清qīng粹cuì,器qì思sī深shēn通tōng。初chū慕mù圣shèng门mén,栖qī心xīn重zhòng仞rèn,启qǐ涂tú及jí阶jiē,遂suì升shēng枢shū奥ào。抽chōu灵líng匮kuì于yú秘mì宫gōng,披pī金jīn滕téng于yú玄xuán夏xià,思sī乐lè百bǎi氏shì,博bó采cǎi其qí珍zhēn;辞cí迈mài翰hàn林lín,言yán敷fū其qí藻zǎo。探tàn微wēi集jí逸yì,思sī心xīn洞dòng神shén;论lùn道dào属shǔ书shū,篇piān章zhāng光guāng觌dí。含hán奇qí宰zǎi府fǔ,婆pó娑suō公gōng门mén。栖qī静jìng隐yǐn宝bǎo,沦lún虚xū藏cáng器qì;褧jiǒng裳shang袭xí锦jǐn,缁zī衣yī被bèi玉yù。曾céng泉quán改gǎi路lù,悬xuán车chē将jiāng迈mài,考kǎo盘pán下xià位wèi,岁suì聿yù屡lǚ迁qiān。搢jìn绅shēn之zhī士shì,具jù怀huái忾kài恨hèn。方fāng今jīn太tài清qīng辟pì宇yǔ,四sì门mén启qǐ籥yuè,玄xuán纲gāng括kuò地dì,天tiān网wǎng广guǎng罗luó;庆qìng云yún兴xīng以yǐ招zhāo龙lóng,和hé风fēng起qǐ而ér仪yí凤fèng,诚chéng岩yán穴xué耀yào颖yǐng之zhī秋qiū,河hé津jīn托tuō乘chéng之zhī日rì也yě。而ér赡shàn沈shěn沦lún下xià位wèi,群qún望wàng悼dào心xīn。若ruò得dé端duān委wěi太tài学xué,错cuò综zōng先xiān典diǎn;垂chuí缨yīng玉yù阶jiē,论lùn道dào紫zǐ宫gōng,诚chéng帝dì室shì之zhī瑰guī宝bǎo,清qīng庙miào之zhī伟wěi器qì。广guǎng乐lè九jiǔ奏zòu,必bì登dēng昊hào天tiān之zhī庭tíng;《韶sháo》《夏xià》六liù变biàn,必bì飨xiǎng上shàng帝dì之zhī祀sì矣yǐ。”

入rù为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng、侍shì御yù史shǐ、太tài子zi中zhōng舍shě人rén、中zhōng书shū侍shì郎láng。成chéng都dū王wáng颖yǐng表biǎo为wèi清qīng河hé内nèi史shǐ。颖yǐng将jiāng讨tǎo齐qí王wáng冏jiǒng,以yǐ云yún为wèi前qián锋fēng都dū督dū。会huì冏jiǒng诛zhū,转zhuǎn大dà将jiāng军jūn右yòu司sī马mǎ。颖yǐng晚wǎn节jié政zhèng衰shuāi,云yún屡lǚ以yǐ正zhèng言yán忤wǔ旨zhǐ。孟mèng玖jiǔ欲yù用yòng其qí父fù为wèi邯hán郸dān令lìng,左zuǒ长zhǎng史shǐ卢lú志zhì等děng并bìng阿ā意yì从cóng之zhī,而ér云yún固gù执zhí不bù许xǔ,曰yuē:“此cǐ县xiàn皆jiē公gōng府fǔ掾yuàn资zī,岂qǐ有yǒu黄huáng门mén父fù居jū之zhī邪xié!”玖jiǔ深shēn忿fèn怨yuàn。张zhāng昌chāng为wèi乱luàn,颖yǐng上shàng云yún为wèi使shǐ持chí节jié、大dà都dū督dū、前qián锋fēng将jiāng军jūn以yǐ讨tǎo昌chāng。会huì伐fá长cháng沙shā王wáng,乃nǎi止zhǐ。

机jī之zhī败bài也yě,并bìng收shōu云yún。颖yǐng官guān属shǔ江jiāng统tǒng、蔡cài克kè、枣zǎo嵩sōng等děng上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“统tǒng等děng闻wén人rén主zhǔ圣shèng明míng,臣chén下xià尽jǐn规guī,苟gǒu有yǒu所suǒ怀huái,不bù敢gǎn不bù献xiàn。昨zuó闻wén教jiào以yǐ陆lù机jī后hòu失shī军jūn期qī,师shī徒tú败bài绩jì,以yǐ法fǎ加jiā刑xíng,莫mò不bù谓wèi当dāng。诚chéng足zú以yǐ肃sù齐qí三sān军jūn,威wēi示shì远yuǎn近jìn,所suǒ谓wèi一yī人rén受shòu戮lù,天tiān下xià知zhī诫jiè者zhě也yě。且qiě闻wén重zhòng教jiào,以yǐ机jī图tú为wèi反fǎn逆nì,应yīng加jiā族zú诛zhū,未wèi知zhī本běn末mò者zhě,莫mò不bù疑yí惑huò。夫fū爵jué人rén于yú朝cháo,与yǔ众zhòng共gòng之zhī;刑xíng人rén于yú市shì,与yǔ众zhòng弃qì之zhī。惟wéi刑xíng之zhī恤xù,古gǔ人rén所suǒ慎shèn。今jīn明míng公gōng兴xīng举jǔ义yì兵bīng,以yǐ除chú国guó难nàn,四sì海hǎi同tóng心xīn,云yún合hé响xiǎng应yìng,罪zuì人rén之zhī命mìng,悬xuán于yú漏lòu刻kè,泰tài平píng之zhī期qī,不bù旦dàn则zé夕xī矣yǐ。机jī兄xiōng弟dì并bìng蒙méng拔bá擢zhuó,俱jù受shòu重zhòng任rèn,不bù当dàng背bèi罔wǎng极jí之zhī恩ēn,而ér向xiàng垂chuí亡wáng之zhī寇kòu;去qù泰tài山shān之zhī安ān,而ér赴fù累lěi卵luǎn之zhī危wēi也yě。直zhí以yǐ机jī计jì虑lǜ浅qiǎn近jìn,不bù能néng董dǒng摄shè群qún帅shuài,致zhì果guǒ杀shā敌dí,进jìn退tuì之zhī间jiān,事shì有yǒu疑yí似sì,故gù令lìng圣shèng鉴jiàn未wèi察chá其qí实shí耳ěr。刑xíng诛zhū事shì大dà,言yán机jī有yǒu反fǎn逆nì之zhī征zhēng,宜yí令lìng王wáng粹cuì、牵qiān秀xiù检jiǎn校xiào其qí事shì。令lìng事shì验yàn显xiǎn然rán,暴bào之zhī万wàn姓xìng,然rán后hòu加jiā云yún等děng之zhī诛zhū,未wèi足zú为wèi晚wǎn。今jīn此cǐ举jǔ措cuò,实shí为wèi太tài重zhòng,得dé则zé足zú令lìng天tiān下xià情qíng服fú,失shī则zé必bì使shǐ四sì方fāng心xīn离lí,不bù可kě不bù令lìng审shěn谛dì,不bù可kě不bù令lìng详xiáng慎shèn。统tǒng等děng区qū区qū,非fēi为wèi陆lù云yún请qǐng一yī身shēn之zhī命mìng,实shí虑lǜ此cǐ举jǔ有yǒu得dé失shī之zhī机jī,敢gǎn竭jié愚yú戆gàng,以yǐ备bèi诽fěi谤bàng。”颖yǐng不bù纳nà。统tǒng等děng重zhòng请qǐng,颖yǐng迟chí回huí者zhě三sān日rì。卢lú志zhì又yòu曰yuē:“昔xī赵zhào王wáng杀shā中zhōng护hù军jūn赵zhào浚jùn,赦shè其qí子zi骧xiāng,骧xiāng诣yì明míng公gōng而ér击jī赵zhào,即jí前qián事shì也yě。”蔡cài克kè入rù至zhì颖yǐng前qián,叩kòu头tóu流liú血xiě,曰yuē:“云yún为wèi孟mèng玖jiǔ所suǒ怨yuàn,远yuǎn近jìn莫mò不bù闻wén。今jīn果guǒ见jiàn杀shā,罪zuì无wú彰zhāng验yàn,将jiàng令lìng群qún心xīn疑yí惑huò,窃qiè为wèi明míng公gōng惜xī之zhī。”僚liáo属shǔ随suí克kè入rù者zhě数shù十shí人rén,流liú涕tì固gù请qǐng,颖yǐng恻cè然rán有yǒu宥yòu云yún色sè。孟mèng玖jiǔ扶fú颖yǐng入rù,催cuī令lìng杀shā云yún。时shí年nián四sì十shí二èr。有yǒu二èr女nǚ,无wú男nán。门mén生shēng故gù吏lì迎yíng丧sāng葬zàng清qīng河hé,修xiū墓mù立lì碑bēi,四sì时shí祠cí祭jì。所suǒ著zhù文wén章zhāng三sān百bǎi四sì十shí九jiǔ篇piān,又yòu撰zhuàn《新xīn书shū》十shí篇piān,并bìng行xíng于yú世shì。

初chū,云yún尝cháng行xíng,逗dòu宿sù故gù人rén家jiā,夜yè暗àn迷mí路lù,莫mò知zhī所suǒ从cóng。忽hū望wàng草cǎo中zhōng有yǒu火huǒ光guāng,于yú是shì趣qù之zhī。至zhì一yī家jiā,便biàn寄jì宿sù,见jiàn一yī年nián少shào,美měi风fēng姿zī,共gòng谈tán老lǎo子zi,辞cí致zhì深shēn远yuǎn。向xiàng晓xiǎo辞cí去qù,行xíng十shí许xǔ里lǐ,至zhì故gù人rén家jiā,云yún此cǐ数shù十shí里lǐ中zhōng无wú人rén居jū,云yún意yì始shǐ悟wù。却què寻xún昨zuó宿sù处chù,乃nǎi王wáng弼bì冢zhǒng。云yún本běn无wú玄xuán学xué,自zì此cǐ谈tán老lǎo殊shū进jìn。

云yún弟dì耽dān为wèi平píng东dōng祭jì酒jiǔ,亦yì有yǒu清qīng誉yù,与yǔ云yún同tóng遇yù害hài。大dà将jiāng军jūn参cān军jūn孙sūn惠huì与yǔ淮huái南nán内nèi史shǐ硃zhū诞dàn书shū曰yuē:“不bù意yì三sān陆lù相xiāng携xié暗àn朝cháo,一yí旦dàn湮yān灭miè,道dào业yè沦lún丧sàng,痛tòng酷kù之zhī深shēn,荼tú毒dú难nán言yán。国guó丧sāng俊jùn望wàng,悲bēi岂qǐ一yī人rén!”其qí为wèi州zhōu里lǐ所suǒ痛tòng悼dào如rú此cǐ。后hòu东dōng海hǎi王wáng越yuè讨tǎo颖yǐng,移yí檄xí天tiān下xià,亦yì以yǐ机jī、云yún兄xiōng弟dì枉wǎng害hài罪zuì状zhuàng颖yǐng云yún。

喜xǐ字zì恭gōng仲zhòng。父fù瑁mào,吴wú吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū。喜xǐ仕shì吴wú,累lèi迁qiān吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū。少shǎo有yǒu声shēng名míng,好hào学xué有yǒu才cái思sī。尝cháng为wèi自zì叙xù,其qí略lüè曰yuē:“刘liú向xiàng省shěng《新xīn语yǔ》而ér作zuò《新xīn序xù》,桓huán谭tán咏yǒng《新xīn序xù》而ér作zuò《新xīn论lùn》。余yú不bù自zì量liàng,感gǎn子zi云yún之zhī《法fǎ言yán》而ér作zuò《言yán道dào》,睹dǔ贾jiǎ子zi之zhī美měi才cái而ér作zuò《访fǎng论lùn》,观guān子zi政zhèng《洪hóng范fàn》而ér作zuò《古gǔ今jīn历lì》,鉴jiàn蒋jiǎng子zi通tōng《万wàn机jī》而ér作zuò《审shěn机jī》,读dú《幽yōu通tōng》、《思sī玄xuán》、《四sì愁chóu》而ér作zuò《娱yú宾bīn》、《九jiǔ思sī》,真zhēn所suǒ谓wèi忍rěn愧kuì者zhě也yě。”其qí书shū近jìn百bǎi篇piān。

吴wú平píng,又yòu作zuò《西xī州zhōu清qīng论lùn》传chuán于yú世shì,借jiè称chēng诸zhū葛gě孔kǒng明míng以yǐ行xíng其qí书shū也yě。有yǒu《较jiào论lùn格gé品pǐn篇piān》曰yuē:“或huò问wèn予yǔ,薛xuē莹yíng最zuì是shì国guó士shì之zhī第dì一yī者zhě乎hū?答dá曰yuē:‘以yǐ理lǐ推tuī之zhī,在zài乎hū四sì五wǔ之zhī间jiān,问wèn者zhě愕è然rán请qǐng问wèn。答dá曰yuē:‘夫fū孙sūn皓hào无wú道dào,肆sì其qí暴bào虐nüè,若ruò龙lóng蛇shé其qí身shēn,沈shěn默mò其qí体tǐ,潜qián而ér勿wù用yòng,趣qù不bù可kě测cè,此cǐ第dì一yī人rén也yě。避bì尊zūn居jū卑bēi,禄lù代dài耕gēng养yǎng,玄xuán静jìng守shǒu约yuē,冲chōng退tuì澹dàn然rán,此cǐ第dì二èr人rén也yě。侃kǎn然rán体tǐ国guó思sī治zhì,心xīn不bù辞cí贵guì,以yǐ方fāng见jiàn惮dàn,执zhí政zhèng不bù惧jù,此cǐ第dì三sān人rén也yě。斟zhēn酌zhuó时shí宜yí,在zài乱luàn犹yóu显xiǎn,意yì不bù忘wàng忠zhōng,时shí献xiàn微wēi益yì,此cǐ第dì四sì人rén也yě。温wēn恭gōng修xiū慎shèn,不bù为wèi谄chǎn首shǒu,无wú所suǒ云yún补bǔ,从cóng容róng保bǎo宠chǒng,此cǐ第dì五wǔ人rén也yě。过guò此cǐ已yǐ往wǎng,不bù足zú复fù数shù。故gù第dì二èr已yǐ上shàng,多duō沦lún没mò而ér远yuǎn悔huǐ吝lìn,第dì三sān已yǐ下xià,有yǒu声shēng位wèi而ér近jìn咎jiù累lèi。是shì以yǐ深shēn识shí君jūn子zǐ,晦huì其qí明míng而ér履lǚ柔róu顺shùn也yě。’问wèn者zhě曰yuē:‘始shǐ闻wén高gāo论lùn,终zhōng年nián启qǐ寤wù矣yǐ。’”

太tài康kāng中zhōng,下xià诏zhào曰yuē:“伪wěi尚shàng书shū陆lù喜xǐ等děng十shí五wǔ人rén,南nán士shì归guī称chēng,并bìng以yǐ贞zhēn洁jié不bù容róng皓hào朝cháo,或huò忠zhōng而ér获huò罪zuì,或huò退tuì身shēn修xiū志zhì,放fàng在zài草cǎo野yě。主zhǔ者zhě可kě皆jiē随suí本běn位wèi就jiù下xià拜bài除chú,敕chì所suǒ在zài以yǐ礼lǐ发fā遣qiǎn,须xū到dào随suí才cái授shòu用yòng。”乃nǎi以yǐ喜xǐ为wèi散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,寻xún卒zú。子zi育yù,为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng、弋yì阳yáng太tài守shǒu。

赞zàn曰yuē:古gǔ人rén云yún:“虽suī楚chǔ有yǒu才cái,晋jìn实shí用yòng之zhī。”观guān夫fū陆lù机jī、陆lù云yún,实shí荆jīng、衡héng之zhī杞qǐ梓zǐ,挺tǐng圭guī璋zhāng于yú秀xiù实shí,驰chí英yīng华huá于yú早zǎo年nián,风fēng鉴jiàn澄chéng爽shuǎng,神shén情qíng俊jùn迈mài。文wén藻zǎo宏hóng丽lì,独dú步bù当dāng时shí;言yán论lùn慷kāng慨kǎi,冠guān乎hū终zhōng古gǔ。高gāo词cí迥jiǒng映yìng,如rú朗lǎng月yuè之zhī悬xuán光guāng;叠dié意yì回huí舒shū,若ruò重zhòng岩yán之zhī积jī秀xiù。千qiān条tiáo析xī理lǐ,则zé电diàn坼chè霜shuāng开kāi;一yī绪xù连lián文wén,则zé珠zhū流liú璧bì合hé。其qí词cí深shēn而ér雅yǎ,其qí义yì博bó而ér显xiǎn,故gù足zú远yuǎn超chāo枚méi、马mǎ,高gāo蹑niè王wáng、刘liú,百bǎi代dài文wén宗zōng,一yī人rén而ér已yǐ。然rán其qí祖zǔ考kǎo重chóng光guāng,羽yǔ楫jí吴wú运yùn,文wén武wǔ奕yì叶yè,将jiàng相xiàng连lián华huá。而ér机jī以yǐ廊láng庙miào蕴yùn才cái,瑚hú琏liǎn标biāo器qì,宜yí其qí承chéng俊jùn乂yì之zhī庆qìng,奉fèng佐zuǒ时shí之zhī业yè,申shēn能néng展zhǎn用yòng,保bǎo誉yù流liú功gōng。属shǔ吴wú祚zuò倾qīng基jī,金jīn陵líng毕bì气qì,君jūn移yí国guó灭miè,家jiā丧sàng臣chén迁qiān。矫jiǎo翮hé南nán辞cí,翻fān栖qī火huǒ树shù;飞fēi鳞lín北běi逝shì,卒zú委wěi汤tāng池chí。遂suì使shǐ穴xué碎suì双shuāng龙lóng,巢cháo倾qīng两liǎng凤fèng。激jī浪làng之zhī心xīn未wèi骋chěng,遽jù骨gǔ修xiū鳞lín;陵líng云yún之zhī意yì将jiāng腾téng,先xiān灰huī劲jìn翮hé。望wàng其qí翔xiáng跃yuè,焉yān可kě得dé哉zāi!夫fū贤xián之zhī立lì身shēn,以yǐ功gōng名míng为wèi本běn;士shì之zhī居jū世shì,以yǐ富fù贵guì为wèi先xiān。然rán则zé荣róng利lì人rén之zhī所suǒ贪tān,祸huò辱rǔ人rén之zhī所suǒ恶è,故gù居jū安ān保bǎo名míng,则zé君jūn子zǐ处chù焉yān;冒mào危wēi履lǚ贵guì,则zé哲zhé士shì去qù焉yān。是shì知zhī兰lán植zhí中zhōng涂tú,必bì无wú经jīng时shí之zhī翠cuì;桂guì生shēng幽yōu壑hè,终zhōng保bǎo弥mí年nián之zhī丹dān。非fēi兰lán怨yuàn而ér桂guì亲qīn,岂qǐ涂tú害hài而ér壑hè利lì?而ér生shēng灭miè有yǒu殊shū者zhě,隐yǐn显xiǎn之zhī势shì异yì也yě。故gù曰yuē,衒xuàn美měi非fēi所suǒ,罕hǎn有yǒu常cháng安ān;韬tāo奇qí择zé居jū,故gù能néng全quán性xìng。观guān机jī、云yún之zhī行xíng己jǐ也yě,智zhì不bù逮dǎi言yán矣yǐ。睹dǔ其qí文wén章zhāng之zhī诫jiè,何hé知zhī易yì而ér行xíng难nán?自zì以yǐ智zhì足zú安ān时shí,才cái堪kān佐zuǒ命mìng,庶shù保bǎo名míng位wèi,无wú忝tiǎn前qián基jī。不bù知zhī世shì属shǔ未wèi通tōng,运yùn钟zhōng方fāng否fǒu,进jìn不bù能néng辟pì昏hūn匡kuāng乱luàn,退tuì不bù能néng屏bǐng迹jì全quán身shēn,而ér奋fèn力lì危wēi邦bāng,竭jié心xīn庸yōng主zhǔ,忠zhōng抱bào实shí而ér不bù谅liàng,谤bàng缘yuán虚xū而ér见jiàn疑yí,生shēng在zài己jǐ而ér难nán长zhǎng,死sǐ因yīn人rén而ér易yì促cù。上shàng蔡cài之zhī犬quǎn,不bù诫jiè于yú前qián,华huá亭tíng之zhī鹤hè,方fāng悔huǐ于yú后hòu。卒zú令lìng覆fù宗zōng绝jué祀sì,良liáng可kě悲bēi夫fū!然rán则zé三sān世shì为wèi将jiāng,衅xìn钟zhōng来lái叶yè;诛zhū降jiàng不bù祥xiáng,殃yāng及jí后hòu昆kūn。是shì知zhī西xī陵líng结jié其qí凶xiōng端duān,河hé桥qiáo收shōu其qí祸huò末mò,其qí天tiān意yì也yě,岂qǐ人rén事shì乎hū!

❖
🔊 本页支持朗读:点屏幕底部控制条即可听书(Chrome / Edge / Safari 支持)。 若未出现控制条,说明当前浏览器不支持语音朗读。
相关推荐