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列liè传zhuàn第dì二èr十shí六liù

江jiāng统tǒng(子zi[A170]惇dūn)孙sūn楚chǔ(孙sūn统tǒng)绰chuò

江jiāng统tǒng,字zì应yīng元yuán,陈chén留liú圉yǔ人rén也yě。祖zǔ蕤ruí,以yǐ义yì行xíng称chēng,为wèi谯qiáo郡jùn太tài守shǒu,封fēng亢kàng父fù男nán。父fù祚zuò,南nán安ān太tài守shǒu。统tǒng静jìng默mò有yǒu远yuǎn志zhì,时shí人rén为wéi之zhī语yǔ曰yuē:“嶷yí然rán稀xī言yán江jiāng应yīng元yuán。”与yǔ乡xiāng人rén蔡cài克kè俱jù知zhī名míng。袭xí父fù爵jué,除chú山shān阴yīn令lìng。时shí关guān陇lǒng、屡lǚ为wèi氐dī、羌qiāng所suǒ扰rǎo,孟mèng观guān西xī讨tǎo,自zì擒qín氐dī帅shuài齐qí万wàn年nián。统tǒng深shēn惟wéi四sì夷yí乱luàn华huá,宜yí杜dù其qí萌méng,乃nǎi作zuò《徙xǐ戎róng论lùn》。其qí辞cí曰yuē:

夫fū夷yí蛮mán戎róng狄dí,谓wèi之zhī四sì夷yí,九jiǔ服fú之zhī制zhì,地dì在zài要yào荒huāng。《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī义yì,内nèi诸zhū夏xià而ér外wài夷yí狄dí。以yǐ其qí言yán语yǔ不bù通tōng,贽zhì币bì不bù同tóng,法fǎ俗sú诡guǐ异yì,种zhǒng类lèi乖guāi殊shū;或huò居jū绝jué域yù之zhī外wài,山shān河hé之zhī表biǎo,崎qí岖qū川chuān谷gǔ阻zǔ险xiǎn之zhī地dì,与yǔ中zhōng国guó壤rǎng断duàn土tǔ隔gé,不bù相xiāng侵qīn涉shè,赋fù役yì不bù及jí,正zhēng朔shuò不bù加jiā,故gù曰yuē“天tiān子zi有yǒu道dào,守shǒu在zài四sì夷yí”。禹yǔ平píng九jiǔ土tǔ,而ér西xī戎róng即jí叙xù。其qí性xìng气qì贪tān婪lán,凶xiōng悍hàn不bù仁rén,四sì夷yí之zhī中zhōng,戎róng狄dí为wèi甚shèn。弱ruò则zé畏wèi服fú,强qiáng则zé侵qīn叛pàn。虽suī有yǒu贤xián圣shèng之zhī世shì,大dà德dé之zhī君jūn,咸xián未wèi能néng以yǐ通tōng化huà率lǜ导dǎo,而ér以yǐ恩ēn德dé柔róu怀huái也yě。当dāng其qí强qiáng也yě,以yǐ殷yīn之zhī高gāo宗zōng而ér惫bèi于yú鬼guǐ方fāng,有yǒu周zhōu文wén王wáng而ér患huàn昆kūn夷yí、猃xiǎn狁yǔn,高gāo祖zǔ困kùn于yú白bái登dēng,孝xiào文wén军jūn于yú霸bà上shàng。及jí其qí弱ruò也yě,周zhōu公gōng来lái九jiǔ译yì之zhī贡gòng,中zhōng宗zōng纳nà单chán于yú之zhī朝cháo,以yǐ元yuán成chéng之zhī微wēi,而ér犹yóu四sì夷yí宾bīn服fú。此cǐ其qí已yǐ然rán之zhī效xiào也yě。故gù匈xiōng奴nú求qiú守shǒu边biān塞sài,而ér侯hóu应yīng陈chén其qí不bù可kě,单chán于yú屈qū膝xī未wèi央yāng,望wàng之zhī议yì以yǐ不bù臣chén。是shì以yǐ有yǒu道dào之zhī君jūn牧mù夷yí狄dí也yě,惟wéi以yǐ待dài之zhī有yǒu备bèi,御yù之zhī有yǒu常cháng,虽suī稽jī颡sǎng执zhí贽zhì,而ér边biān城chéng不bù弛chí固gù守shǒu;为wèi寇kòu贼zéi强qiáng暴bào,而ér兵bīng甲jiǎ不bù加jiā远yuǎn征zhēng,期qī令lìng境jìng内nèi获huò安ān,疆jiāng埸yì不bù侵qīn而ér已yǐ。

及jí至zhì周zhōu室shì失shī统tǒng,诸zhū侯hóu专zhuān征zhēng,以yǐ大dà兼jiān小xiǎo,转zhuǎn相xiāng残cán灭miè,封fēng疆jiāng不bù固gù,而ér利lì害hài异yì心xīn。戎róng狄dí乘chéng间jiān,得dé入rù中zhōng国guó。或huò招zhāo诱yòu安ān抚fǔ,以yǐ为wéi己jǐ用yòng。故gù申shēn、缯zēng之zhī祸huò,颠diān覆fù宗zōng周zhōu;襄xiāng公gōng要yào秦qín,遽jù兴xīng姜jiāng戎róng。当dāng春chūn秋qiū时shí,义yì渠qú、大dà荔lì居jū秦qín、晋jìn之zhī域yù,陆lù浑hún、阴yīn戎róng处chù伊yī、洛luò之zhī间jiān,鄋sōu瞒mán之zhī属shǔ害hài及jí济jì东dōng,侵qīn入rù齐qí、宋sòng,陵líng虐nüè邢xíng、卫wèi,南nán夷yí与yǔ北běi狄dí交jiāo侵qīn中zhōng国guó,不bù绝jué若ruò线xiàn。齐qí桓huán攘rǎng之zhī,存cún亡wáng继jì绝jué,北běi伐fá山shān戎róng,以yǐ开kāi燕yàn路lù。故gù仲zhòng尼ní称chēng管guǎn仲zhòng之zhī力lì,嘉jiā左zuǒ衽rèn之zhī功gōng。逮dǎi至zhì春chūn秋qiū之zhī末mò,战zhàn国guó方fāng盛shèng,楚chǔ吞tūn蛮mán氏shì,晋jìn翦jiǎn陆lù浑hún,赵zhào武wǔ胡hú服fú,开kāi榆yú中zhōng之zhī地dì,秦qín雄xióng咸xián阳yáng,灭miè义yì渠qú之zhī等děng。始shǐ皇huáng之zhī并bìng天tiān下xià也yě,南nán兼jiān百bǎi越yuè,北běi走zǒu匈xiōng奴nú,五wǔ岭lǐng长cháng城chéng,戎róng卒zú亿yì计jì。虽suī师shī役yì烦fán殷yīn,寇kòu贼zéi横hèng暴bào,然rán一yī世shì之zhī功gōng,戎róng虏lǔ奔bēn却què,当dāng时shí中zhōng国guó无wú复fù四sì夷yí也yě。

汉hàn兴xīng而ér都dōu长cháng安ān,关guān中zhōng之zhī郡jùn号hào曰yuē三sān辅fǔ,《禹yǔ贡gòng》雍yōng州zhōu,宗zōng周zhōu丰fēng、镐gǎo之zhī旧jiù也yě。及jí至zhì王wáng莽mǎng之zhī败bài,赤chì眉méi因yīn之zhī,西xī都dōu荒huāng毁huǐ,百bǎi姓xìng流liú亡wáng。建jiàn武wǔ中zhōng,以yǐ马mǎ援yuán领lǐng陇lǒng西xī太tài守shǒu,讨tǎo叛pàn羌qiāng,徙xǐ其qí余yú种zhǒng于yú关guān中zhōng,居jū冯féng翊yì、河hé东dōng空kòng地dì,而ér与yǔ华huá人rén杂zá处chǔ。数shù岁suì之zhī后hòu,族zú类lèi蕃fān息xī,既jì恃shì其qí肥féi强qiáng,且qiě苦kǔ汉hàn人rén侵qīn之zhī。永yǒng初chū之zhī元yuán,骑qí都dū尉wèi王wáng弘hóng使shǐ西xī域yù,发fā调diào羌qiāng、氏shì,以yǐ为wéi行xíng卫wèi。于yú是shì群qún羌qiāng奔bēn骇hài,互hù相xiāng扇shān动dòng,二èr州zhōu之zhī戎róng,一yī时shí俱jù发fā,覆fù没mò将jiāng守shǒu,屠tú破pò城chéng邑yì。邓dèng骘zhì之zhī征zhēng,弃qì甲jiǎ委wěi兵bīng,舆yú尸shī丧sàng师shī,前qián后hòu相xiāng继jì,诸zhū戎róng遂suì炽chì,至zhì于yú南nán入rù蜀shǔ汉hàn,东dōng掠lüè赵zhào、魏wèi,唐táng突tū轵zhǐ关guān,侵qīn及jí河hé内nèi。及jí遣qiǎn北běi军jūn中zhōng候hòu硃zhū宠chǒng将jiāng五wǔ营yíng士shì于yú孟mèng津jīn距jù羌qiāng,十shí年nián之zhī中zhōng,夷yí夏xià俱jù毙bì,任rèn尚shàng、马mǎ贤xián仅jǐn乃nǎi克kè之zhī。此cǐ所suǒ以yǐ为wéi害hài深shēn重zhòng、累lèi年nián不bù定dìng者zhě,虽suī由yóu御yù者zhě之zhī无wú方fāng,将jiāng非fēi其qí才cái,亦yì岂qǐ不bù以yǐ寇kòu发fā心xīn腹fù,害hài起qǐ肘zhǒu腋yè,疢chèn笃dǔ难nán疗liáo,疮chuāng大dà迟chí愈yù之zhī故gù哉zāi!自zì此cǐ之zhī后hòu,余yú烬jìn不bù尽jìn,小xiǎo有yǒu际jì会huì,辄zhé复fù侵qīn叛pàn。马mǎ贤xián忸niǔ忲tài,终zhōng于yú覆fù败bài;段duàn颖yǐng临lín冲chōng,自zì西xī徂cú乐lè。雍yōng州zhōu之zhī戎róng,常cháng为wèi国guó患huàn,中zhōng世shì之zhī寇kòu,惟wéi此cǐ为wèi大dà。汉hàn末mò之zhī乱luàn,关guān中zhōng残cán灭miè。魏wèi兴xīng之zhī初chū,与yǔ蜀shǔ分fēn隔gé,疆jiāng埸yì之zhī戎róng,一yī彼bǐ一yī此cǐ。魏wèi武wǔ皇huáng帝dì令lìng将jiāng军jūn夏xià侯hóu妙miào才cái讨tǎo叛pàn氏shì阿ā贵guì、千qiān万wàn等děng,后hòu因yīn拔bá弃qì汉hàn中zhōng,遂suì徙xǐ武wǔ都dōu之zhī种zhǒng于yú秦qín川chuān,欲yù以yǐ弱ruò寇kòu强qiáng国guó,扞gǎn御yù蜀shǔ虏lǔ。此cǐ盖gài权quán宜yí之zhī计jì,一yī时shí之zhī势shì,非fēi所suǒ以yǐ为wéi万wàn世shì之zhī利lì也yě。今jīn者zhě当dāng之zhī,已yǐ受shòu其qí弊bì矣yǐ。”

夫fū关guān中zhōng土tǔ沃wò物wù丰fēng,厥jué田tián上shàng上shàng,加jiā以yǐ泾jīng、渭wèi之zhī流liú溉gài其qí舄xì卤lǔ,郑zhèng国guó、白bái渠qú灌guàn浸jìn相xiāng通tōng,黍shǔ稷jì之zhī饶ráo,亩mǔ号hào一yī钟zhōng,百bǎi姓xìng谣yáo咏yǒng其qí殷yīn实shí,帝dì王wáng之zhī都dōu每měi以yǐ为wéi居jū,未wèi闻wén戎róng狄dí宜yí在zài此cǐ土tǔ也yě。非fēi我wǒ族zú类lèi,其qí心xīn必bì异yì,戎róng狄dí志zhì态tài,不bù与yǔ华huá同tóng。而ér因yīn其qí衰shuāi弊bì,迁qiān之zhī畿jī服fú,士shì庶shù玩wán习xí,侮wǔ其qí轻qīng弱ruò,使shǐ其qí怨yuàn恨hèn之zhī气qì毒dú于yú骨gǔ髓suǐ。至zhì于yú蕃fān育yù众zhòng盛shèng,则zé坐zuò生shēng其qí心xīn。以yǐ贪tān悍hàn之zhī性xìng,挟xié愤fèn怒nù之zhī情qíng,候hòu隙xì乘chéng便biàn,辄zhé为wèi横hèng逆nì。而ér居jū封fēng域yù之zhī内nèi,无wú障zhàng塞sāi之zhī隔gé,掩yǎn不bù备bèi之zhī人rén,收shōu散sàn野yě之zhī积jī,故gù能néng为wèi祸huò滋zī扰rǎo,暴bào害hài不bù测cè。此cǐ必bì然rán之zhī势shì,已yǐ验yàn之zhī事shì也yě。当dāng今jīn之zhī宜yí,宜yí及jí兵bīng威wēi方fāng盛shèng,众zhòng事shì未wèi罢bà,徙xǐ冯féng翊yì、北běi地dì、新xīn平píng、安ān定dìng界jiè内nèi诸zhū羌qiāng,著zhù先xiān零líng、罕hǎn并bìng、析xī支zhī之zhī地dì;徙xǐ扶fú风fēng、始shǐ平píng、京jīng兆zhào之zhī氐dī,出chū还hái陇lǒng右yòu,著zhù阴yīn平píng、武wǔ都dōu之zhī界jiè。廪lǐn其qí道dào路lù之zhī粮liáng,令lìng足zú自zì致zhì,各gè附fù本běn种zhǒng,反fǎn其qí旧jiù土tǔ,使shǐ属shǔ国guó、抚fǔ夷yí就jiù安ān集jí之zhī。戎róng晋jìn不bù杂zá,并bìng得dé其qí所suǒ,上shàng合hé往wǎng古gǔ即jí叙xù之zhī义yì,下xià为wèi盛shèng世shì永yǒng久jiǔ之zhī规guī。纵zòng有yǒu猾huá夏xià之zhī心xīn,风fēng尘chén之zhī警jǐng,则zé绝jué远yuǎn中zhōng国guó,隔gé阂hé山shān河hé,虽suī为wèi寇kòu暴bào,所suǒ害hài不bù广guǎng。是shì以yǐ充chōng国guó、子zi明míng能néng以yǐ数shù万wàn之zhī众zhòng制zhì群qún羌qiāng之zhī命mìng,有yǒu征zhēng无wú战zhàn,全quán军jūn独dú克kè,虽suī有yǒu谋móu谟mó深shēn计jì,庙miào胜shèng远yuǎn图tú,岂qǐ不bù以yǐ华huá夷yí异yì处chù,戎róng夏xià区qū别bié,要yào塞sài易yì守shǒu之zhī故gù,得dé成chéng其qí功gōng也yě哉zāi!

难nán者zhě曰yuē:方fāng今jīn关guān中zhōng之zhī祸huò,暴bào兵bīng二èr载zài,征zhēng戍shù之zhī劳láo,老lǎo师shī十shí万wàn,水shuǐ旱hàn之zhī害hài,荐jiàn饥jī累lèi荒huāng,疫yì疠lì之zhī灾zāi,札zhá瘥chài夭yāo昏hūn。凶xiōng逆nì既jì戮lù,悔huǐ恶è初chū附fù,且qiě款kuǎn且qiě畏wèi,咸xián怀huái危wēi惧jù,百bǎi姓xìng愁chóu苦kǔ,异yì人rén同tóng虑lǜ,望wàng宁níng息xī之zhī有yǒu期qī,若ruò枯kū旱hàn之zhī思sī雨yǔ露lù,诚chéng宜yí镇zhèn之zhī以yǐ安ān豫yù。而ér子zi方fāng欲yù作zuò役yì起qǐ徒tú,兴xīng功gōng造zào事shì,使shǐ疲pí悴cuì之zhī众zhòng,徙xǐ自zì猜cāi之zhī寇kòu,以yǐ无wú谷gǔ之zhī人rén,迁qiān乏fá食shí之zhī虏lǔ,恐kǒng势shì尽jìn力lì屈qū,绪xù业yè不bù卒zú,羌qiāng戎róng离lí散sàn,心xīn不bù可kě一yī,前qián害hài未wèi及jí弭mǐ,而ér后hòu变biàn复fù横héng出chū矣yǐ。

答dá曰yuē:羌qiāng戎róng狡jiǎo猾huá,擅shàn相xiāng号hào署shǔ,攻gōng城chéng野yě战zhàn,伤shāng害hài牧mù守shǒu,连lián兵bīng聚jù众zhòng,载zài离lí寒hán暑shǔ矣yǐ。而ér今jīn异yì类lèi瓦wǎ解jiě,同tóng种zhǒng土tǔ崩bēng,老lǎo幼yòu系xì虏lǔ,丁dīng壮zhuàng降jiàng散sàn,禽qín离lí兽shòu迸bèng,不bù能néng相xiāng一yī。子zi以yǐ此cǐ等děng为wèi尚shàng挟xié余yú资zī,悔huǐ恶è反fǎn善shàn,怀huái我wǒ德dé惠huì而ér来lái柔róu附fù乎hū?将jiāng势shì穷qióng道dào尽jǐn,智zhì力lì俱jù困kùn,惧jù我wǒ兵bīng诛zhū以yǐ至zhì于yú此cǐ乎hū?曰yuē,无wú有yǒu余yú力lì,势shì穷qióng道dào尽jǐn故gù也yě。然rán则zé我wǒ能néng制zhì其qí短duǎn长cháng之zhī命mìng,而ér令lìng其qí进jìn退tuì由yóu己jǐ矣yǐ。夫fū乐lè其qí业yè者zhě不bù易yì事shì,安ān其qí居jū者zhě无wú迁qiān志zhì。方fāng其qí自zì疑yí危wēi惧jù,畏wèi怖bù促cù遽jù,故gù可kě制zhì以yǐ兵bīng威wēi,使shǐ之zhī左zuǒ右yòu无wú违wéi也yě。迨dài其qí死sǐ亡wáng散sàn流liú,离lí逷tì未wèi鸠jiū,与yǔ关guān中zhōng之zhī人rén,户hù皆jiē为wèi仇chóu,故gù可kě遐xiá迁qiān远yuǎn处chù,令lìng其qí心xīn不bù怀huái土tǔ也yě。夫fū圣shèng贤xián之zhī谋móu事shì也yě,为wèi之zhī于yú未wèi有yǒu,理lǐ之zhī于yú未wèi乱luàn,道dào不bù著zhù而ér平píng,德dé不bù显xiǎn而ér成chéng。其qí次cì则zé能néng转zhuǎn祸huò为wéi福fú,因yīn败bài为wèi功gōng,值zhí困kùn必bì济jì,遇yù否fǒu能néng通tōng。今jīn子zi遭zāo弊bì事shì之zhī终zhōng而ér不bù图tú更gèng制zhì之zhī始shǐ,爱ài易yì辙zhé之zhī勤qín而ér得dé覆fù车chē之zhī轨guǐ,何hé哉zāi?且qiě关guān中zhōng之zhī人rén百bǎi余yú万wàn口kǒu,率lǜ其qí少shǎo多duō,戎róng狄dí居jū半bàn,处chù之zhī与yǔ迁qiān,必bì须xū口kǒu实shí。若ruò有yǒu穷qióng乏fá糁sǎn粒lì不bù继jì者zhě,故gù当dāng倾qīng关guān中zhōng之zhī谷gǔ以yǐ全quán其qí生shēng生shēng之zhī计jì,必bì无wú挤jǐ于yú沟gōu壑hè而ér不bù为wèi侵qīn掠lüè之zhī害hài也yě。今jīn我wǒ迁qiān之zhī,传chuán食shí而ér至zhì,附fù其qí种zhǒng族zú,自zì使shǐ相xiāng赡shàn,而ér秦qín地dì之zhī人rén得dé其qí半bàn谷gǔ,此cǐ为wèi济jì行xíng者zhě以yǐ廪lǐn粮liáng,遗yí居jū者zhě以yǐ积jī仓cāng,宽kuān关guān中zhōng之zhī逼bī,去qù盗dào贼zéi之zhī原yuán,除chú旦dàn夕xī之zhī损sǔn,建jiàn终zhōng年nián之zhī益yì。若ruò惮dàn暂zàn举jǔ之zhī小xiǎo劳láo,而ér忘wàng永yǒng逸yì之zhī弘hóng策cè;惜xī日rì月yuè之zhī烦fán苦kǔ,而ér遗yí累lèi世shì之zhī寇kòu敌dí,非fēi所suǒ谓wèi能néng开kāi物wù成chéng务wù,创chuàng业yè垂chuí统tǒng,崇chóng其qí拓tuò迹jì,谋móu及jí子zǐ孙sūn者zhě也yě。

并bīng州zhōu之zhī胡hú,本běn实shí匈xiōng奴nú桀jié恶è之zhī寇kòu也yě。汉hàn宣xuān之zhī世shì,冻dòng馁něi残cán破pò,国guó内nèi五wǔ裂liè,后hòu合hé为wèi二èr,呼hū韩hán邪xié遂suì衰shuāi弱ruò孤gū危wēi,不bù能néng自zì存cún,依yī阻zǔ塞sè下xià,委wěi质zhì柔róu服fú。建jiàn武wǔ中zhōng,南nán单chán于yú复fù来lái降jiàng附fù,遂suì令lìng入rù塞sāi,居jū于yú漠mò南nán,数shù世shì之zhī后hòu,亦yì辄zhé叛pàn戾lì,故gù何hé熙xī、梁liáng槿jǐn戎róng车chē屡lǚ征zhēng。中zhōng平píng中zhōng,以yǐ黄huáng巾jīn贼zéi起qǐ,发fā调diào其qí兵bīng,部bù众zhòng不bù从cóng,而ér杀shā羌qiāng渠qú。由yóu是shì於yú弥mí扶fú罗luó求qiú助zhù于yú汉hàn,以yǐ讨tǎo其qí贼zéi。仍réng值zhí世shì丧sāng乱luàn,遂suì乘chéng衅xìn而ér作zuò,卤lǔ掠lüè赵zhào、魏wèi,寇kòu至zhì河hé南nán。建jiàn安ān中zhōng,又yòu使shǐ右yòu贤xián王wáng去qù卑bēi诱yòu质zhì呼hū厨chú泉quán,听tīng其qí部bù落luò散sǎn居jū六liù郡jùn。咸xián熙xī之zhī际jì,以yǐ一yī部bù太tài强qiáng,分fēn为wéi三sān率lǜ。泰tài始shǐ之zhī初chū,又yòu增zēng为wèi四sì。于yú是shì刘liú猛měng内nèi叛pàn,连lián结jié外wài虏lǔ。近jìn者zhě郝hǎo散sàn之zhī变biàn,发fā于yú谷gǔ远yuǎn。今jīn五wǔ部bù之zhī众zhòng,户hù至zhì数shù万wàn,人rén口kǒu之zhī盛shèng,过guò于yú西xī戎róng。然rán其qí天tiān性xìng骁xiāo勇yǒng,弓gōng马mǎ便biàn利lì,倍bèi于yú氐dī、羌qiāng。若ruò有yǒu不bù虞yú风fēng尘chén之zhī虑lǜ,则zé并bīng州zhōu之zhī域yù可kě为wèi寒hán心xīn。荥xíng阳yáng句jù骊lí本běn居jū辽liáo东dōng塞sài外wài,正zhèng始shǐ中zhōng,幽yōu州zhōu刺cì史shǐ毋wú丘qiū俭jiǎn伐fá其qí叛pàn者zhě,徙xǐ其qí余yú种zhǒng。始shǐ徙xǐ之zhī时shí,户hù落luò百bǎi数shù,子zǐ孙sūn孳zī息xī,今jīn以yǐ千qiān计jì,数shù世shì之zhī后hòu,必bì至zhì殷yīn炽chì。今jīn百bǎi姓xìng失shī职zhí,犹yóu或huò亡wáng叛pàn,犬quǎn马mǎ肥féi充chōng,则zé有yǒu噬shì啮niè,况kuàng于yú夷yí狄dí,能néng不bù为wèi变biàn!但dàn顾gù其qí微wēi弱ruò势shì力lì不bù陈chén耳ěr。

夫fū为wèi邦bāng者zhě,患huàn不bù在zài贫pín而ér在zài不bù均jūn,忧yōu不bù在zài寡guǎ而ér在zài不bù安ān。以yǐ四sì海hǎi之zhī广guǎng,士shì庶shù之zhī富fù,岂qǐ须xū夷yí虏lǔ在zài内nèi,然rán后hòu取qǔ足zú哉zāi!此cǐ等děng皆jiē可kě申shēn谕yù发fā遣qiǎn,还hái其qí本běn域yù,慰wèi彼bǐ羁jī旅lǚ怀huái土tǔ之zhī思sī,释shì我wǒ华huá夏xià纤xiān介jiè之zhī忧yōu。惠huì此cǐ中zhōng国guó,以yǐ绥suí四sì方fāng,德dé施shī永yǒng世shì,于yú计jì为wèi长zhǎng。

帝dì不bù能néng用yòng。未wèi及jí十shí年nián,而ér夷yí狄dí乱luàn华huá,时shí服fú其qí深shēn识shí。

迁qiān中zhōng郎láng。选xuǎn司sī以yǐ统tǒng叔shū父fù春chūn为wèi宜yí春chūn令lìng,统tǒng因yīn上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“故gù事shì,父fù祖zǔ与yǔ官guān职zhí同tóng名míng,皆jiē得dé改gǎi选xuǎn,而ér未wèi有yǒu身shēn与yǔ官guān职zhí同tóng名míng,不bù在zài改gǎi选xuǎn之zhī例lì。臣chén以yǐ为wéi父fù祖zǔ改gǎi选xuǎn者zhě,盖gài为wèi臣chén子zi开kāi地dì,不bù为wèi父fù祖zǔ之zhī身shēn也yě。而ér身shēn名míng所suǒ加jiā,亦yì施shī于yú臣chén子zi。佐zuǒ吏lì系xì属shǔ,朝zhāo夕xī从cóng事shì,官guān位wèi之zhī号hào,发fā言yán所suǒ称chēng,若ruò指zhǐ实shí而ér语yǔ,则zé违wéi经jīng礼lǐ讳huì尊zūn之zhī义yì;若ruò诡guǐ辞cí避bì回huí,则zé为wèi废fèi官guān擅shàn犯fàn宪xiàn制zhì。今jīn以yǐ四sì海hǎi之zhī广guǎng,职zhí位wèi之zhī众zhòng,名míng号hào繁fán多duō,士shì人rén殷yīn富fù,至zhì使shǐ有yǒu受shòu宠chǒng皇huáng朝cháo,出chū身shēn宰zǎi牧mù,而ér令lìng佐zuǒ吏lì不bù得dé表biǎo其qí官guān称chēng,子zǐ孙sūn不bù得dé言yán其qí位wèi号hào,所suǒ以yǐ上shàng严yán君jūn父fù,下xià为wèi臣chén子zi,体tǐ例lì不bù通tōng。若ruò易yì私sī名míng以yǐ避bì官guān职zhí,则zé违wéi《春chūn秋qiū》不bù夺duó人rén亲qīn之zhī义yì。臣chén以yǐ为wéi身shēn名míng与yǔ官guān职zhí同tóng者zhě,宜yí与yǔ触chù父fù祖zǔ名míng为wèi比bǐ,体tǐ例lì既jì全quán,于yú义yì为wèi弘hóng。”朝cháo廷tíng从cóng之zhī。

转zhuǎn太tài子zi洗xǐ马mǎ。在zài东dōng宫gōng累lèi年nián,甚shèn被bèi亲qīn礼lǐ。太tài子zi颇pǒ阙quē朝cháo觐jìn,又yòu奢shē费fèi过guò度dù,多duō诸zhū禁jìn忌jì,统tǒng上shàng书shū谏jiàn曰yuē:

臣chén闻wén古gǔ之zhī为wèi臣chén者zhě,进jìn思sī尽jìn忠zhōng,退tuì思sī补bǔ过guò,献xiàn可kě替tì否fǒu,拾shí遗yí补bǔ阙quē。是shì以yǐ人rén主zhǔ得dé以yǐ举jǔ无wú失shī行xíng,言yán无wú口kǒu过guò,德dé音yīn发fā闻wén,扬yáng名míng后hòu世shì。臣chén等děng不bù逮dǎi,无wú能néng云yún补bǔ,思sī竭jié愚yú诚chéng,谨jǐn陈chén五wǔ事shì如rú左zuǒ,惟wéi蒙méng一yī省shěng再zài省shěng,少shǎo垂chuí察chá纳nà。

其qí一yī曰yuē,六liù行xíng之zhī义yì,以yǐ孝xiào为wéi首shǒu,虞yú舜shùn之zhī德dé,以yǐ孝xiào为wèi称chēng,故gù太tài子zi以yǐ朝zhāo夕xī视shì君jūn膳shàn为wèi职zhí,左zuǒ右yòu就jiù养yǎng无wú方fāng。文wén王wáng之zhī为wèi世shì子zi,可kě谓wèi笃dǔ于yú事shì亲qīn者zhě也yě,故gù能néng擅shàn三sān代dài之zhī美měi,为wèi百bǎi王wáng之zhī宗zōng。自zì顷qǐng圣shèng体tǐ屡lǚ有yǒu疾jí患huàn,数shù阙quē朝cháo侍shì,远yuǎn近jìn观guān听tīng者zhě不bù能néng深shēn知zhī其qí故gù,以yǐ致zhì疑yí惑huò。伏fú愿yuàn殿diàn下xià虽suī有yǒu微wēi苦kǔ,可kě堪kān扶fú舆yú,则zé宜yí自zì力lì。《易yì》曰yuē:“君jūn子zǐ终zhōng日rì乾qián乾qián。”盖gài自zì勉miǎn强qiǎng不bù息xī之zhī谓wèi也yě。

其qí二èr曰yuē,古gǔ之zhī人rén君jūn虽suī有yǒu聪cōng明míng之zhī姿zī,睿ruì喆zhé之zhī质zhì,必bì须xū辅fǔ弼bì之zhī助zhù,相xiāng导dǎo之zhī功gōng,故gù虞yú舜shùn以yǐ五wǔ臣chén兴xīng,周zhōu文wén以yǐ四sì友yǒu隆lóng。及jí成chéng王wáng之zhī为wèi太tài子zi也yě,则zé周zhōu、召zhào为wèi保bǎo傅fù,史shǐ佚yì昭zhāo文wén章zhāng,故gù能néng闻wén道dào早zǎo备bèi,登dēng崇chóng大dà业yè,刑xíng措cuò不bù用yòng,流liú声shēng洋yáng溢yì。伏fú惟wéi殿diàn下xià天tiān授shòu逸yì才cái,聪cōng鉴jiàn特tè达dá,臣chén谓wèi犹yóu宜yí时shí发fā圣shèng令lìng,宣xuān扬yáng德dé音yīn,谘zī询xún保bǎo傅fù,访fǎng逮dǎi侍shì臣chén,觐jìn见jiàn宾bīn客kè,得dé令lìng接jiē尽jǐn,壅yōng否fǒu之zhī情qíng沛pèi然rán交jiāo泰tài,殿diàn下xià之zhī美měi焕huàn然rán光guāng明míng。如rú此cǐ,则zé高gāo朗lǎng之zhī风fēng,扇shàn于yú前qián人rén;弘hóng范fàn令lìng轨guǐ,永yǒng为wèi后hòu式shì。

其qí三sān曰yuē,古gǔ之zhī圣shèng王wáng莫mò不bù以yǐ俭jiǎn为wèi德dé,故gù尧yáo称chēng采cǎi椽chuán茅máo茨cí,禹yǔ称chēng卑bēi宫gōng恶è服fú,汉hàn文wén身shēn衣yī弋yì绨tí,足zú履lǚ革gé舄xì,以yǐ身shēn先xiān物wù,政zhèng致zhì太tài平píng,存cún为wèi明míng王wáng,没méi见jiàn宗zōng祀sì。及jí诸zhū侯hóu修xiū之zhī者zhě,鲁lǔ僖xī以yǐ躬gōng俭jiǎn节jié用yòng,声shēng列liè《雅yǎ颂sòng》;蚡fén冒mào以yǐ筚bì路lù蓝lán缕lǚ,用yòng张zhāng楚chǔ国guó。大dà夫fū修xiū之zhī者zhě,文wén子zi相xiāng鲁lǔ,妾qiè不bù衣yī帛bó;晏yàn婴yīng相xiāng齐qí,鹿lù裘qiú不bù补bǔ,亦yì能néng匡kuāng君jūn济jì俗sú,兴xīng国guó隆lóng家jiā。庶shù人rén修xiū之zhī者zhě,颜yán回huí以yǐ箪dān食sì瓢piáo饮yǐn,扬yáng其qí仁rén声shēng;原yuán宪xiàn以yǐ蓬péng户hù绳shéng枢shū,迈mài其qí清qīng德dé。此cǐ皆jiē圣shèng主zhǔ明míng君jūn贤xián臣chén智zhì士shì之zhī所suǒ履lǚ行xíng也yě。故gù能néng悬xuán名míng日rì月yuè,永yǒng世shì不bù朽xiǔ,盖gài俭jiǎn之zhī福fú也yě。及jí到dào末mò世shì,以yǐ奢shē失shī之zhī者zhě,帝dì王wáng则zé有yǒu瑶yáo台tái琼qióng室shì,玉yù怀huái象xiàng箸zhù,肴yáo膳shàn之zhī珍zhēn则zé熊xióng蹯fán豹bào胎tāi,酒jiǔ池chí肉ròu林lín。诸zhū侯hóu为wèi之zhī者zhě,至zhì于yú丹dān楹yíng刻kè桷jué,饩xì征zhēng百bǎi牢láo。大dà夫fū有yǒu琼qióng弁biàn玉yù缨yīng,庶shù人rén有yǒu击jī钟zhōng鼎dǐng食shí。亦yì罔wǎng不bù亡wáng国guó丧sàng宗zōng,破pò家jiā失shī身shēn,丑chǒu名míng彰zhāng闻wén,以yǐ为wéi后hòu戒jiè。窃qiè闻wén后hòu园yuán镂lòu饰shì金jīn银yín,刻kè磨mó犀xī象xiàng,画huà室shì之zhī巧qiǎo,课kè试shì日rì精jīng。臣chén等děng以yǐ为wéi今jīn四sì海hǎi之zhī广guǎng,万wàn物wù之zhī富fù,以yǐ今jīn方fāng古gǔ,不bù足zú为wèi侈chǐ也yě。然rán上shàng之zhī所suǒ好hǎo,下xià必bì从cóng之zhī,是shì故gù居jū上shàng者zhě必bì慎shèn其qí所suǒ好hǎo也yě。昔xī汉hàn光guāng武wǔ皇huáng帝dì时shí,有yǒu献xiàn千qiān里lǐ马mǎ及jí宝bǎo剑jiàn者zhě,马mǎ以yǐ驾jià鼓gǔ车chē,剑jiàn以yǐ赐cì骑qí士shì。世shì祖zǔ武wǔ皇huáng帝dì有yǒu上shàng雉zhì头tóu裘qiú者zhě,即jí诏zhào有yǒu司sī焚fén之zhī都dōu街jiē。高gāo世shì之zhī主zhǔ,不bù尚shàng尤yóu物wù,故gù能néng正zhèng天tiān下xià之zhī俗sú,刑xíng四sì方fāng之zhī风fēng。臣chén等děng以yǐ为wéi画huà室shì之zhī功gōng,可kě且qiě减jiǎn省shěng,后hòu园yuán杂zá作zuò,一yī皆jiē罢bà遣qiǎn,肃sù然rán清qīng静jìng,优yōu游yóu道dào德dé,则zé日rì新xīn之zhī美měi光guāng于yú四sì海hǎi矣yǐ。

其qí四sì曰yuē,以yǐ天tiān下xià而ér供gōng一yī人rén,以yǐ百bǎi里lǐ而ér供gōng诸zhū侯hóu,故gù王wáng侯hóu食shí藉jí而ér衣yī税shuì,公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū受shòu爵jué而ér资zī禄lù,莫mò有yǒu不bù赡shàn者zhě也yě。是shì以yǐ士shì农nóng工gōng商shāng四sì业yè不bù杂zá。交jiāo易yì而ér退tuì,以yǐ通tōng有yǒu无wú者zhě,庶shù人rén之zhī业yè也yě。《周zhōu礼lǐ》三sān市shì,旦dàn则zé百bǎi族zú,昼zhòu则zé商shāng贾gǔ,夕xī则zé贩fàn夫fū贩fàn妇fù。买mǎi贱jiàn卖mài贵guì,贩fàn鬻yù菜cài果guǒ,收shōu十shí百bǎi之zhī盈yíng,以yǐ救jiù旦dàn夕xī之zhī命mìng,故gù为wèi庶shù人rén之zhī贫pín贱jiàn者zhě也yě。樊fán迟chí匹pǐ夫fū,请qǐng学xué为wèi圃pǔ,仲zhòng尼ní不bù答dá;鲁lǔ大dà夫fū臧zāng文wén仲zhòng使shǐ妾qiè织zhī蒲pú,又yòu讥jī其qí不bù仁rén;公gōng仪yí子zi相xiāng鲁lǔ,则zé拔bá其qí园yuán葵kuí,言yán食shí禄lù者zhě不bù与yǔ贫pín贱jiàn之zhī人rén争zhēng利lì也yě。秦qín、汉hàn以yǐ来lái,风fēng俗sú转zhuǎn薄báo,公gōng侯hóu之zhī尊zūn,莫mò不bù殖zhí园yuán圃pǔ之zhī田tián,而ér收shōu市shì井jǐng之zhī利lì,渐jiàn冉rǎn相xiāng放fàng,莫mò以yǐ为wéi耻chǐ,乘chéng以yǐ古gǔ道dào,诚chéng可kě愧kuì也yě。今jīn西xī园yuán卖mài葵kuí菜cài、蓝lán子zi、鸡jī、面miàn之zhī属shǔ,亏kuī败bài国guó体tǐ,贬biǎn损sǔn令lìng问wèn。

其qí五wǔ曰yuē,窃qiè见jiàn禁jìn土tǔ,令lìng不bù得dé缮shàn修xiū墙qiáng壁bì,动dòng正zhèng屋wū瓦wǎ。臣chén以yǐ为wéi此cǐ既jì违wéi典diǎn彝yí旧jiù义yì,且qiě以yǐ拘jū挛luán小xiǎo忌jì而ér废fèi弘hóng廓kuò大dà道dào,宜yí可kě蠲juān除chú,于yú事shì为wèi宜yí。

朝cháo廷tíng善shàn之zhī。

及jí太tài子zi废fèi,徙xǐ许xǔ昌chāng,贾jiǎ后hòu讽fěng有yǒu司sī不bù听tīng宫gōng臣chén追zhuī送sòng。统tǒng与yǔ宫gōng臣chén冒mào禁jìn至zhì伊yī水shuǐ,拜bài辞cí道dào左zuǒ,悲bēi泣qì流liú涟lián。都dōu官guān从cóng事shì悉xī收shōu统tǒng等děng付fù河hé南nán、洛luò阳yáng狱yù。付fù郡jùn者zhě,河hé南nán尹yǐn乐lè广guǎng悉xī散sàn遣qiǎn之zhī,系xì洛luò阳yáng者zhě犹yóu未wèi释shì。都dōu官guān从cóng事shì孙sūn琰yǎn说shuō贾jiǎ谧mì曰yuē:“所suǒ以yǐ废fèi徙xǐ太tài子zi,以yǐ为wéi恶è故gù耳ěr。东dōng宫gōng故gù臣chén冒mào罪zuì拜bài辞cí,涕tì泣qì路lù次cì,不bù顾gù重zhòng辟pì,乃nǎi更gèng彰zhāng太tài子zi之zhī德dé,不bù如rú释shì之zhī。”谧mì语yǔ洛luò阳yáng令lìng曹cáo摅shū,由yóu是shì皆jiē免miǎn。及jí太tài子zi薨hōng,改gǎi葬zàng,统tǒng作zuò诔lěi叙xù哀āi,为wèi世shì所suǒ重zhòng。

后hòu为wèi博bó士shì、尚shàng书shū郎láng,参cān大dà司sī马mǎ、齐qí王wáng冏jiǒng军jūn事shì。冏jiǒng骄jiāo荒huāng将jiāng败bài,统tǒng切qiè谏jiàn,文wén多duō不bù载zài。迁qiān廷tíng尉wèi正zhèng,每měi州zhōu郡jùn疑yí狱yù,断duàn处chù从cóng轻qīng。成chéng都dū王wáng颖yǐng请qǐng为wèi记jì室shì,多duō所suǒ箴zhēn谏jiàn。申shēn论lùn陆lù云yún兄xiōng弟dì,辞cí甚shèn切qiè至zhì。以yǐ母mǔ忧yōu去qù职zhí。服fú阕què,为wèi司sī徒tú左zuǒ长zhǎng史shǐ。东dōng海hǎi王wáng越yuè为wèi兗yǎn州zhōu牧mù,以yǐ统tǒng为wèi别bié驾jià,委wěi以yǐ州zhōu事shì,与yǔ统tǒng书shū曰yuē:“昔xī王wáng子zǐ师shī为wèi豫yù州zhōu,未wèi下xià车chē,辟pì荀xún慈cí明míng;下xià车chē,辟pì孔kǒng文wén举jǔ。贵guì州zhōu人rén士shì有yǒu堪kān应yīng此cǐ者zhě不bù?”统tǒng举jǔ高gāo平píng郗xī鉴jiàn为wèi贤xián良liáng,陈chén留liú阮ruǎn修xiū为wèi直zhí言yán,济jì北běi程chéng收shōu为wèi方fāng正zhèng,时shí以yǐ为wéi知zhī人rén。寻xún迁qiān黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng、散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,领lǐng国guó子zi博bó士shì。永yǒng嘉jiā四sì年nián,避bì难nàn奔bēn于yú成chéng皋gāo,病bìng卒zú。凡fán所suǒ造zào赋fù颂sòng表biǎo奏zòu皆jiē传chuán于yú后hòu。二èr子zi:[A170],惇dūn。

[A170]字zì思sī玄xuán,本běn州zhōu辟bì举jǔ秀xiù才cái,平píng南nán将jiāng军jūn温wēn峤jiào以yǐ为wéi参cān军jūn。复fù为wèi州zhōu别bié驾jià,辟pì司sī空kōng郗xī鉴jiàn掾yuàn,除chú长zhǎng山shān令lìng。鉴jiàn又yòu请qǐng为wèi司sī马mǎ,转zhuǎn黄huáng门mén郎láng。车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn庾yǔ冰bīng镇zhèn江jiāng州zhōu,请qǐng为wèi长zhǎng史shǐ。冰bīng薨hōng,庾yǔ翼yì以yǐ为wéi谘zī议yì参cān军jūn,俄é而ér复fù补bǔ长zhǎng史shǐ。翼yì薨hōng,大dà将jiàng干gàn瓚zàn作zuò难nán,[A170]讨tǎo平píng之zhī。除chú尚shàng书shū吏lì部bù郎láng,仍réng迁qiān御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng、侍shì中zhōng、吏lì部bù尚shàng书shū。永yǒng和hé中zhōng,代dài桓huán景jǐng为wèi护hù军jūn将jiāng军jūn。出chū补bǔ会huì稽jī内nèi史shǐ,加jiā右yòu军jūn将jiāng军jūn。代dài王wáng彪biāo之zhī为wèi尚shàng书shū仆pū射shè。哀āi帝dì即jí位wèi,疑yí周zhōu贵guì人rén名míng号hào所suǒ宜yí,[A170]议yì见jiàn《礼lǐ志zhì》。帝dì欲yù于yú殿diàn庭tíng立lì鸿hóng祀sì,又yòu欲yù躬gōng自zì藉jí田tián,[A170]并bìng以yǐ为wéi礼lǐ废fèi日rì久jiǔ,仪yí注zhù不bù存cún,中zhōng兴xīng以yǐ来lái所suǒ不bù行xíng,谓wèi宜yí停tíng之zhī。为wèi仆pū射shè积jī年nián,简jiǎn文wén帝dì为wèi相xiāng,每měi访fǎng政zhèng事shì,[A170]多duō所suǒ补bǔ益yì,转zhuǎn护hù军jūn将jiāng军jūn,领lǐng国guó子zi祭jì酒jiǔ,卒zú官guān。子zi敳ái,历lì琅láng邪xié内nèi史shǐ、骠piào骑qí谘zī议yì。敳ái子zi恆héng,元yuán熙xī中zhōng为wèi西xī中zhōng郎láng长zhǎng史shǐ。恆héng弟dì夷yí,尚shàng书shū。

惇dūn字zì思sī悛quān,孝xiào友yǒu淳chún粹cuì,高gāo节jié迈mài俗sú。性xìng好hào学xué,儒rú玄xuán并bìng综zōng。每měi以yǐ为wéi君jūn子zǐ立lì行xíng,应yīng依yī礼lǐ而ér动dòng,虽suī隐yǐn显xiǎn殊shū途tú,未wèi有yǒu不bù傍bàng礼lǐ教jiào者zhě也yě。若ruò乃nǎi放fàng达dá不bù羁jī,以yǐ肆sì纵zòng为wèi贵guì者zhě,非fēi但dàn动dòng违wéi礼lǐ法fǎ,亦yì道dào之zhī所suǒ弃qì也yě。乃nǎi著zhù《通tōng道dào崇chóng检jiǎn论lùn》,世shì咸xián称chēng之zhī。苏sū峻jùn之zhī乱luàn,避bì地dì东dōng阳yáng山shān,太tài尉wèi郗xī鉴jiàn檄xí为wèi兗yǎn州zhōu治zhì中zhōng,又yòu辟pì太tài尉wèi掾yuàn;康kāng帝dì为wèi司sī徒tú,亦yì辟pì焉yān;征zhēng西xī将jiāng军jūn庾yǔ亮liàng请qǐng为wèi儒rú林lín参cān军jūn;征zhēng拜bài博bó士shì、著zhù作zuò郎láng,皆jiē不bù就jiù。邑yì里lǐ宗zōng其qí道dào,有yǒu事shì必bì谘zī而ér后hòu行xíng。东dōng阳yáng太tài守shǒu阮ruǎn裕yù、长zhǎng山shān令lìng王wáng濛méng,皆jiē一yī时shí名míng士shì,并bìng与yǔ惇dūn游yóu处chù,深shēn相xiāng钦qīn重zhòng。养yǎng志zhì二èr十shí余yú年nián,永yǒng和hé九jiǔ年nián卒zú,时shí年nián四sì十shí九jiǔ,友yǒu朋péng相xiāng与yǔ刊kān石shí立lì颂sòng,以yǐ表biǎo德dé美měi云yún。

孙sūn楚chǔ,字zì子zi荆jīng,太tài原yuán中zhōng都dū人rén也yě。祖zǔ资zī,魏wèi骠piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn。父fù宏hóng,南nán阳yáng太tài守shǒu。楚chǔ才cái藻zǎo卓zhuó绝jué,爽shuǎng迈mài不bù群qún,多duō所suǒ陵líng傲ào,缺quē乡xiāng曲qū之zhī誉yù。年nián四sì十shí余yú,始shǐ参cān镇zhèn东dōng军jūn事shì。文wén帝dì遣qiǎn符fú劭shào、孙sūn郁yù使shǐ吴wú,将jiāng军jūn石shí苞bāo令lìng楚chǔ作zuò书shū遗yí孙sūn皓hào曰yuē:

盖gài见jiàn机jī而ér作zuò,《周zhōu易yì》所suǒ贵guì;小xiǎo不bù事shì大dà,《春chūn秋qiū》所suǒ诛zhū。此cǐ乃nǎi吉jí凶xiōng之zhī萌méng兆zhào,荣róng辱rǔ所suǒ由yóu生shēng也yě。是shì故gù许xǔ、郑zhèng以yǐ衔xián璧bì全quán国guó,曹cáo谭tán以yǐ无wú礼lǐ取qǔ灭miè。载zài藉jí既jì记jì其qí成chéng败bài,古gǔ今jīn又yòu著zhù其qí愚yú智zhì,不bù复fù广guǎng引yǐn譬pì类lèi,崇chóng饰shì浮fú辞cí。苟gǒu以yǐ夸kuā大dà为wèi名míng,更gèng丧sàng忠zhōng告gào之zhī实shí。今jīn粗cū论lùn事shì要yào,以yǐ相xiāng觉jué悟wù。

昔xī炎yán精jīng幽yōu昧mèi,历lì数shù将jiāng终zhōng,恆héng、灵líng失shī德dé,灾zāi衅xìn并bìng兴xīng,豺chái狼láng抗kàng爪zhǎo牙yá之zhī毒dú,生shēng灵líng罹lí涂tú炭tàn之zhī难nán。由yóu是shì九jiǔ州zhōu绝jué贯guàn,王wáng纲gāng解jiě纽niǔ,四sì海hǎi萧xiāo条tiáo,非fēi复fù汉hàn有yǒu。太tài祖zǔ承chéng运yùn,神shén武wǔ应yīng期qī,征zhēng讨tǎo暴bào乱luàn,克kè宁níng区qū夏xià;协xié建jiàn灵líng符fú,天tiān命mìng既jì集jí,遂suì廓kuò弘hóng基jī,奄yǎn有yǒu魏wèi域yù。土tǔ则zé神shén州zhōu中zhōng岳yuè,器qì则zé九jiǔ鼎dǐng犹yóu存cún,世shì载zài淑shū美měi,重chóng光guāng相xiāng袭xí,故gù知zhī四sì隩ào之zhī攸yōu同tóng,帝dì者zhě之zhī壮zhuàng观guān也yě。昔xī公gōng孙sūn氏shì承chéng藉jí父fù兄xiōng,世shì居jū东dōng裔yì,拥yōng带dài燕yàn胡hú,凭píng陵líng险xiǎn远yuǎn,讲jiǎng武wǔ游yóu盘pán,不bù供gòng职zhí贡gòng,内nèi傲ào帝dì命mìng,外wài通tōng南nán国guó,乘chéng桴fú沧cāng海hǎi,交jiāo酬chóu货huò贿huì,葛gé越yuè布bù于yú朔shuò土tǔ,貂diāo马mǎ延yán于yú吴wú会huì;自zì以yǐ控kòng弦xián十shí万wàn,奔bēn走zǒu之zhī力lì,信xìn能néng右yòu折zhé燕yàn、齐qí,左zuǒ震zhèn扶fú桑sāng,輮róu轹lì沙shā漠mò,南nán面miàn称chēng王wáng。宣xuān王wáng薄báo伐fá,猛měng锐ruì长cháng驱qū,师shī次cì辽liáo阳yáng,而ér城chéng池chí不bù守shǒu;枹bāo鼓gǔ暂zàn鸣míng,而ér元yuán凶xiōng折zhé首shǒu。于yú是shì远yuǎn近jìn疆jiāng埸yì,列liè郡jùn大dà荒huāng,收shōu离lí聚jù散sàn,大dà安ān其qí居jū,众zhòng庶shù悦yuè服fú,殊shū俗sú款kuǎn附fù。自zì兹zī以yǐ降jiàng,九jiǔ野yě清qīng泰tài,东dōng夷yí献xiàn其qí乐yuè器qì,肃sù慎shèn贡gòng其qí楛hù矢shǐ,旷kuàng世shì不bù羁jī,应yīng化huà而ér至zhì,巍wēi巍wēi荡dàng荡dàng,想xiǎng所suǒ具jù闻wén也yě。

吴wú之zhī先xiān祖zǔ,起qǐ自zì荆jīng、楚chǔ,遭zāo时shí扰rǎo攘rǎng,潜qián播bō江jiāng表biǎo。刘liú备bèi震zhèn惧jù,亦yì逃táo巴bā、岷mín。遂suì因yīn山shān陵líng积jī石shí之zhī固gù,三sān江jiāng五wǔ湖hú浩hào汗hàn无wú涯yá,假jiǎ气qì游yóu魂hún,迄qì兹zī四sì纪jì。两liǎng邦bāng合hé从cóng,东dōng西xī唱chàng和hè,互hù相xiāng扇shān动dòng,距jù捍hàn中zhōng国guó。自zì谓wèi三sān分fēn鼎dǐng足zú之zhī势shì,可kě与yǔ泰tài山shān共gòng相xiāng终zhōng始shǐ也yě。相xiàng国guó晋jìn王wáng辅fǔ相xiàng帝dì室shì,文wén武wǔ桓huán桓huán,志zhì厉lì秋qiū霜shuāng,庙miào胜shèng之zhī算suàn,应yìng变biàn无wú穷qióng,独dú见jiàn之zhī鉴jiàn,与yǔ众zhòng绝jué虑lǜ。主zhǔ上shàng钦qīn明míng,委wěi以yǐ万wàn机jī,长cháng辔pèi远yuǎn御yù,妙miào略lüè潜qián授shòu,偏piān师shī同tóng心xīn,上shàng下xià用yòng力lì,陵líng威wēi奋fèn伐fá,[QFDP]入rù其qí阻zǔ,并bìng敌dí一yí向xiàng,夺duó其qí胆dǎn气qì。小xiǎo战zhàn江jiāng由yóu,则zé成chéng都dū自zì溃kuì;曜yào兵bīng剑jiàn阁gé,则zé姜jiāng维wéi面miàn缚fù。开kāi地dì六liù千qiān,领lǐng郡jùn三sān十shí。兵bīng不bù逾yú时shí,梁liáng、益yì肃sù清qīng,使shǐ窃qiè号hào之zhī雄xióng,稽jī颡sǎng绛jiàng阙quē,球qiú琳lín重zhòng锦jǐn,充chōng于yú府fǔ库kù。夫fū韩hán并bìng魏wèi徙xǐ,虢guó灭miè虞yú亡wáng,此cǐ皆jiē前qián鉴jiàn,后hòu事shì之zhī表biǎo。又yòu南nán中zhōng吕lǚ兴xīng,深shēn睹dǔ天tiān命mìng蝉chán蜕tuì内nèi附fù,愿yuàn为wèi臣chén妾qiè。外wài失shī辅fǔ车chē脣chún齿chǐ之zhī援yuán,内nèi有yǒu羽yǔ毛máo零líng落luò之zhī渐jiàn,而ér徘pái徊huái危wēi国guó,冀jì延yán日rì月yuè,此cǐ由yóu魏wèi武wǔ侯hóu却què指zhǐ山shān河hé,自zì以yǐ为wéi强qiáng,殊shū不bù知zhī物wù有yǒu兴xīng亡wáng,则zé所suǒ美měi非fēi其qí地dì也yě。

方fāng今jīn百bǎi僚liáo济jì济jì,俊jùn乂yì盈yíng朝cháo,武wǔ臣chén猛měng将jiàng,折zhé冲chōng万wàn里lǐ,国guó富fù兵bīng强qiáng,六liù军jūn精jīng练liàn,思sī复fù翰hàn飞fēi,饮yǐn马mǎ南nán海hǎi。自zì顷qǐng国guó家jiā整zhěng修xiū器qì械xiè,兴xīng造zào舟zhōu楫jí,简jiǎn习xí水shuǐ战zhàn,楼lóu船chuán万wàn艘sōu,千qiān里lǐ相xiāng望wàng,刳kū木mù已yǐ来lái,舟zhōu车chē之zhī用yòng未wèi有yǒu如rú今jīn之zhī殷yīn盛shèng者zhě也yě。骁xiāo勇yǒng百bǎi万wàn,畜chù力lì待dài时shí。役yì不bù再zài举jǔ,今jīn日rì之zhī师shī也yě。然rán主zhǔ相xiāng眷juàn眷juàn未wèi便biàn电diàn发fā者zhě,犹yóu以yǐ为wéi爱ài人rén治zhì国guó,道dào家jiā所suǒ尚shàng,崇chóng城chéng遂suì卑bēi,文wén王wáng退tuì舍shě,故gù先xiān开kāi大dà信xìn,喻yù以yǐ存cún亡wáng,殷yīn勤qín之zhī指zhǐ,往wǎng使shǐ所suǒ究jiū也yě。若ruò能néng审shěn势shì安ān危wēi,自zì求qiú多duō福fú,蹶jué然rán改gǎi容róng,祗zhī承chéng往wǎng锡xī,追zhuī慕mù南nán越yuè,婴yīng齐qí入rù侍shì,北běi面miàn称chēng臣chén,伏fú听tīng告gào策cè,则zé世shì祚zuò江jiāng表biǎo,永yǒng为wèi魏wèi籓fān,丰fēng功gōng显xiǎn报bào,隆lóng于yú今jīn日rì矣yǐ。若ruò犹yóu侮wǔ慢màn,未wèi顺shùn王wáng命mìng,然rán后hòu谋móu力lì云yún合hé,指zhǐ麾huī从cóng风fēng,雍yōng、梁liáng二èr州zhōu,顺shùn流liú而ér东dōng,青qīng、徐xú战zhàn士shì,列liè江jiāng而ér西xī,荆jīng、扬yáng兗yǎn、豫yù,争zhēng驱qū八bā冲chōng,征zhēng东dōng甲jiǎ卒zú,武wǔ步bù秣mò陵líng,尔ěr乃nǎi王wáng舆yú整zhěng驾jià,六liù戎róng徐xú征zhēng,羽yǔ校xiào烛zhú日rì,旌jīng旗qí星xīng流liú,龙lóng游yóu曜yào路lù,歌gē吹chuī盈yíng耳ěr,士shì卒zú奔bēn迈mài,其qí会huì如rú林lín,烟yān尘chén俱jù起qǐ,震zhèn天tiān骇hài地dì,渴kě赏shǎng之zhī士shì,锋fēng镝dī争zhēng先xiān,忽hū然rán一yí旦dàn,身shēn首shǒu横héng分fēn,宗zōng祀sì沦lún覆fù,取qǔ戒jiè万wàn世shì,引yǐn领lǐng南nán望wàng,良liáng助zhù寒hán心xīn!夫fū疗liáo膏gāo肓huāng之zhī疾jí者zhě,必bì进jìn苦kǔ口kǒu之zhī药yào;决jué狐hú疑yí之zhī虑lǜ者zhě,亦yì告gào逆nì耳ěr之zhī言yán。如rú其qí犹yóu豫yù,迷mí而ér不bù反fǎn,恐kǒng俞yú附fù见jiàn其qí已yǐ死sǐ,扁biǎn鹊què知zhī其qí无wú功gōng矣yǐ。勉miǎn思sī良liáng图tú,惟wéi所suǒ去qù就jiù。

劭shào等děng至zhì吴wú,不bù敢gǎn为wèi通tōng。

楚chǔ后hòu迁qiān佐zuǒ著zhù作zuò郎láng,复fù参cān石shí苞bāo骠piào骑qí军jūn事shì。楚chǔ既jì负fù其qí材cái气qì,颇pǒ侮wǔ易yì于yú苞bāo,初chū至zhì,长cháng揖yī曰yuē:“天tiān子zi命mìng我wǒ参cān卿qīng军jūn事shì。”因yīn此cǐ而ér嫌xián隙xì遂suì构gòu。苞bāo奏zòu楚chǔ与yǔ吴wú人rén孙sūn世shì山shān共gòng讪shàn毁huǐ时shí政zhèng,楚chǔ亦yì抗kàng表biǎo自zì理lǐ,纷fēn纭yún经jīng年nián,事shì未wèi判pàn,又yòu与yǔ乡xiāng人rén郭guō奕yì忿fèn争zhēng。武wǔ帝dì虽suī不bù显xiǎn明míng其qí罪zuì,然rán以yǐ少shǎo贱jiàn受shòu责zé,遂suì湮yān废fèi积jī年nián。初chū,参cān军jūn不bù敬jìng府fǔ主zhǔ,楚chǔ既jì轻qīng苞bāo,遂suì制zhì施shī敬jìng,自zì楚chǔ始shǐ也yě。

征zhēng西xī将jiāng军jūn,扶fú风fēng王wáng骏jùn与yǔ楚chǔ旧jiù好hǎo,起qǐ为wèi参cān军jūn。转zhuǎn梁liáng令lìng,迁qiān卫wèi将jiāng军jūn司sī马mǎ,时shí龙lóng见jiàn武wǔ库kù井jǐng中zhōng,群qún臣chén将jiāng上shàng贺hè,楚chǔ上shàng言yán曰yuē:“顷qǐng闻wén武wǔ库kù井jǐng中zhōng有yǒu二èr龙lóng,群qún臣chén或huò有yǒu谓wèi之zhī祯zhēn祥xiáng而ér称chēng贺hè者zhě,或huò有yǒu谓wèi之zhī非fēi祥xiáng无wú所suǒ贺hè者zhě,可kě谓wèi楚chǔ既jì失shī之zhī,而ér齐qí亦yì未wèi为wèi得dé也yě。夫fū龙lóng或huò俯fǔ鳞lín潜qián于yú重zhòng泉quán,或huò仰yǎng攀pān云yún汉hàn游yóu乎hū苍cāng昊hào,而ér今jīn蟠pán于yú坎kǎn井jǐng,同tóng于yú蛙wā虾xiā者zhě,岂qǐ独dú管guǎn库kù之zhī士shì或huò有yǒu隐yǐn伏fú,厮sī役yì之zhī贤xián没méi于yú行háng伍wǔ?故gù龙lóng见jiàn光guāng景jǐng,有yǒu所suǒ感gǎn悟wù。愿yuàn陛bì下xià赦shè小xiǎo过guò,举jǔ贤xián才cái,垂chuí梦mèng于yú傅fù岩yán,望wàng想xiǎng于yú渭wèi滨bīn,修xiū学xué官guān,起qǐ淹yān滞zhì,申shēn命mìng公gōng卿qīng,举jǔ独dú行xíng君jūn子zǐ可kě惇dūn风fēng厉lì俗sú者zhě,又yòu举jǔ亮liàng拔bá秀xiù异yì之zhī才cái可kě以yǐ拨bō烦fán理lǐ难nán矫jiǎo世shì抗kàng言yán者zhě,无wú系xì世shì族zú,必bì先xiān逸yì贱jiàn。夫fū战zhàn胜shèng攻gōng取qǔ之zhī势shì,并bìng兼jiān混hùn一yī之zhī威wēi,五wǔ伯bó之zhī事shì,韩hán、白bái之zhī功gōng耳ěr;至zhì于yú制zhì礼lǐ作zuò乐lè,阐chǎn扬yáng道dào化huà,甫fǔ是shì士shì人rén出chū筋jīn力lì之zhī秋qiū也yě。伏fú愿yuàn陛bì下xià择zé狂kuáng夫fū之zhī言yán。”

惠huì帝dì初chū,为wèi冯féng翊yì太tài守shǒu。元yuán康kāng三sān年nián卒zú。

初chū,楚chǔ与yǔ同tóng郡jùn王wáng济jì友yǒu善shàn,济jì为wèi本běn州zhōu大dà中zhōng正zhèng,访fǎng问wèn铨quán邑yì人rén品pǐn状zhuàng,至zhì楚chǔ,济jì曰yuē:“此cǐ人rén非fēi卿qīng所suǒ能néng目mù,吾wú自zì为wèi之zhī。”乃nǎi状zhuàng楚chǔ曰yuē:“天tiān才cái英yīng博bó,亮liàng拔bá不bù群qún。”楚chǔ少shǎo时shí欲yù隐yǐn居jū,谓wèi济jì曰yuē:“当dāng欲yù枕zhěn石shí漱shù流liú。”误wù云yún“漱shù石shí枕zhěn流liú”。济jì曰yuē:“流liú非fēi可kě枕zhěn,石shí非fēi可kě漱shù。”楚chǔ曰yuē:“所suǒ以yǐ枕zhěn流liú,欲yù洗xǐ其qí耳ěr;所suǒ以yǐ漱shù石shí,欲yù厉lì其qí齿chǐ。”楚chǔ少shǎo所suǒ推tuī服fú,惟wéi雅yǎ敬jìng济jì。初chū,楚chǔ除chú妇fù服fú,作zuò诗shī以yǐ示shì济jì,济jì曰yuē:“未wèi知zhī文wén生shēng于yú情qíng,情qíng生shēng于yú文wén,览lǎn之zhī凄qī然rán,增zēng伉kàng俪lì之zhī重zhòng。”

三sān子zi:众zhòng、洵xún、纂zuǎn。众zhòng及jí洵xún俱jù未wèi仕shì而ér早zǎo终zhōng,惟wéi纂zuǎn子zi统tǒng、绰chuò并bìng知zhī名míng。

统tǒng字zì承chéng公gōng。幼yòu与yǔ绰chuò及jí从cóng弟dì盛shèng过guò江jiāng。诞dàn任rèn不bù羁jī,而ér善shàn属zhǔ文wén,时shí人rén以yǐ为wéi有yǒu楚chǔ风fēng。征zhēng北běi将jiāng军jūn褚chǔ裒póu闻wén其qí名míng,命mìng为wèi参cān军jūn,辞cí不bù就jiù,家jiā于yú会huì稽jī。性xìng好hǎo山shān水shuǐ,乃nǎi求qiú为wèi鄞yín令lìng,转zhuǎn在zài吴wú宁níng。居jū职zhí不bù留liú心xīn碎suì务wù,纵zòng意yì游yóu肆sì,名míng山shān胜shèng川chuān,靡mí不bù穷qióng究jiū。后hòu为wèi余yú姚yáo令lìng,卒zú。

子zi腾téng嗣sì,以yǐ博bó学xué著zhù称chēng,位wèi至zhì廷tíng尉wèi。腾téng弟dì登dēng,少shǎo善shàn名míng理lǐ,注zhù《老lǎo子zi》,行xíng于yú世shì,仕shì至zhì尚shàng书shū郎láng,早zǎo终zhōng。

绰chuò字zì兴xīng公gōng。博bó学xué善shàn属zhǔ文wén,少shǎo与yǔ高gāo阳yáng许xǔ询xún俱jù有yǒu高gāo尚shàng之zhī志zhì。居jū于yú会huì稽jī,游yóu放fàng山shān水shuǐ,十shí有yǒu余yú年nián,乃nǎi作zuò《遂suì初chū赋fù》以yǐ致zhì其qí意yì。尝cháng鄙bǐ山shān涛tāo,而ér谓wèi人rén曰yuē:“山shān涛tāo吾wú所suǒ不bù解jiě,吏lì非fēi吏lì,隐yǐn非fēi隐yǐn,若ruò以yǐ元yuán礼lǐ门mén为wèi龙lóng津jīn,则zé当dāng点diǎn额é暴bào鳞lín矣yǐ。”所suǒ居jū斋zhāi前qián种zhǒng一yī株zhū松sōng,恆héng自zì守shǒu护hù,邻lín人rén谓wèi之zhī曰yuē:“树shù子zi非fēi不bù楚chǔ楚chǔ可kě怜lián,但dàn恐kǒng永yǒng无wú栋dòng梁liáng日rì耳ěr。”绰chuò答dá曰yuē:“枫fēng柳liǔ虽suī复fù合hé抱bào,亦yì何hé所suǒ施shī邪xié!”绰chuò与yǔ询xún一yī时shí名míng流liú,或huò爱ài询xún高gāo迈mài,则zé鄙bǐ于yú绰chuò,或huò爱ài绰chuò才cái藻zǎo,而ér无wú取qǔ于yú询xún。沙shā门mén支zhī遁dùn试shì问wèn绰chuò:“君jūn何hé如rú许xǔ?”答dá曰yuē:“高gāo情qíng远yuǎn致zhì,弟dì子zǐ早zǎo已yǐ伏fú膺yīng;然rán一yī咏yǒng一yī吟yín,许xǔ将jiāng北běi面miàn矣yǐ。”绝jué重chóng张zhāng衡héng、左zuǒ思sī之zhī赋fù,每měi云yún:“《三sān都dōu》、《二èr京jīng》,五wǔ经jīng之zhī鼓gǔ吹chuī也yě。”尝cháng作zuò《天tiān台tái山shān赋fù》,辞cí致zhì甚shèn工gōng,初chū成chéng,以yǐ示shì友yǒu人rén范fàn荣róng期qī,云yún:“卿qīng试shì掷zhì地dì,当dàng作zuò金jīn石shí声shēng也yě。”荣róng期qī曰yuē:“恐kǒng此cǐ金jīn石shí非fēi中zhōng宫gōng商shāng。”然rán每měi至zhì佳jiā句jù,辄zhé云yún:“应yīng是shì我wǒ辈bèi语yǔ。”除chú著zhù作zuò佐zuǒ郎láng,袭xí爵jué长cháng乐lè侯hóu。”

绰chuò性xìng通tōng率lǜ,好hǎo讥jī调diào。尝cháng与yǔ习xí凿záo齿chǐ共gòng行xíng,绰chuò在zài前qián,顾gù谓wèi凿záo齿chǐ曰yuē:“沙shā之zhī汰tài之zhī,瓦wǎ石shí在zài后hòu。”凿záo齿chǐ曰yuē:“簸bǒ之zhī扬yáng之zhī,糠kāng秕bǐ在zài前qián。”

征zhēng西xī将jiāng军jūn庾yǔ亮liàng请qǐng为wèi参cān军jūn,补bǔ章zhāng安ān令lìng,征zhēng拜bài太tài学xué博bó士shì,迁qiān尚shàng书shū郎láng。杨yáng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ殷yīn浩hào以yǐ为wéi建jiàn威wēi长zhǎng史shǐ。会huì稽jī内nèi史shǐ王wáng羲xī之zhī引yǐn为wèi右yòu军jūn长zhǎng史shǐ。转zhuǎn永yǒng嘉jiā太tài守shǒu,迁qiān散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,领lǐng著zhù作zuò郎láng。

时shí大dà司sī马mǎ桓huán温wēn欲yù经jīng纬wěi中zhōng国guó,以yǐ河hé南nán粗cū平píng,将jiāng移yí都dōu洛luò阳yáng。朝cháo廷tíng畏wèi温wēn,不bù敢gǎn为wèi异yì,而ér北běi土tǔ萧xiāo条tiáo,人rén情qíng疑yí惧jù,虽suī并bìng知zhī不bù可kě,莫mò敢gǎn先xiān谏jiàn。绰chuò乃nǎi上shàng疏shū曰yuē:

伏fú见jiàn征zhēng西xī大dà将jiāng军jūn臣chén温wēn表biǎo“便biàn当dāng躬gōng率lǜ三sān军jūn,讨tǎo除chú二èr寇kòu,荡dàng涤dí河hé、渭wèi,清qīng洒sǎ旧jiù京jīng,然rán后hòu神shén旂qí电diàn舒shū,朝cháo服fú济jì江jiāng,反fǎn皇huáng居jū于yú中zhōng土tǔ,正zhèng玉yù衡héng于yú天tiān极jí。”斯sī超chāo世shì之zhī弘hóng图tú,千qiān载zài之zhī盛shèng事shì。然rán臣chén之zhī所suǒ怀huái,窃qiè有yǒu未wèi安ān,以yǐ为wéi帝dì王wáng之zhī兴xīng,莫mò不bù藉jí地dì利lì人rén和hé以yǐ建jiàn功gōng业yè,贵guì能néng以yǐ义yì平píng暴bào,因yīn而ér抚fǔ之zhī。怀huái愍mǐn不bù建jiàn,沧cāng胥xū秦qín京jīng,遂suì令lìng胡hú戎róng交jiāo侵qīn,神shén州zhōu绝jué纲gāng,土tǔ崩bēng之zhī衅xìn,诚chéng由yóu道dào丧sàng。然rán中zhōng夏xià荡dàng荡dàng,一yī时shí横héng流liú,百bǎi郡jùn千qiān城chéng曾céng无wú完wán郛fú者zhě,何hé哉zāi?亦yì以yǐ地dì不bù可kě守shǒu,投tóu奔bèn有yǒu所suǒ故gù也yě。天tiān祚zuò未wèi革gé,中zhōng宗zōng龙lóng飞fēi,非fēi惟wéi信xìn顺shùn协xié于yú天tiān人rén而ér已yǐ,实shí赖lài万wàn里lǐ长zhǎng江jiāng画huà而ér守shǒu之zhī耳ěr。《易yì》称chēng“王wáng公gōng设shè险xiǎn以yǐ守shǒu其qí国guó”,险xiǎn之zhī时shí义yì大dà矣yǐ哉zāi!斯sī已yǐ然rán之zhī明míng效xiào也yě。今jīn作zuò胜shèng谈tán,自zì当dāng任rèn道dào而ér遗yí险xiǎn;校xiào实shí量liàng分fēn,不bù得dé不bù保bǎo小xiǎo以yǐ固gù存cún。自zì丧sāng乱luàn已yǐ来lái六liù十shí余yú年nián,苍cāng生shēng殄tiǎn灭miè,百bǎi不bù遗yí一yī,河hé洛luò丘qiū、虚xū,函hán夏xià萧xiāo条tiáo,井jǐng堙yīn木mù刊kān,阡qiān陌mò夷yí灭miè,生shēng理lǐ茫máng茫máng,永yǒng无wú依yī归guī。播bō流liú江jiāng表biǎo,已yǐ经jīng数shù世shì,存cún者zhě长zhǎng子zǐ老lǎo孙sūn,亡wáng者zhě丘qiū陇lǒng成chéng行háng。虽suī北běi风fēng之zhī思sī感gǎn其qí素sù心xīn,目mù前qián之zhī哀āi实shí为wèi交jiāo切qiè。若ruò迁qiān都dū旋xuán轸zhěn之zhī日rì,中zhōng举jǔ五wǔ陵líng,即jí复fù缅miǎn成chéng遐xiá域yù。泰tài山shān之zhī安ān既jì难nán以yǐ理lǐ保bǎo,烝zhēng烝zhēng之zhī思sī岂qǐ不bù缠chán于yú圣shèng心xīn哉zāi!

温wēn今jīn此cǐ举jǔ,诚chéng欲yù大dà览lǎn始shǐ终zhōng,为wèi国guó远yuǎn图tú。向xiàng无wú山shān陵líng之zhī急jí,亦yì未wèi首shǒu决jué大dà谋móu,独dú任rèn天tiān下xià之zhī至zhì难nán也yě。今jīn发fā愤fèn忘wàng食shí,忠zhōng慨kǎi亮liàng到dào,凡fán在zài有yǒu心xīn,孰shú不bù致zhì感gǎn!而ér百bǎi姓xìng震zhèn骇hài,同tóng怀huái危wēi惧jù者zhě,岂qǐ不bù以yǐ反fǎn旧jiù之zhī乐lè赊shē,而ér趣qù死sǐ之zhī忧yōu促cù哉zāi!何hé者zhě?植zhí根gēn于yú江jiāng外wài数shù十shí年nián矣yǐ,一yī朝zhāo拔bá之zhī,顿dùn驱qū踧cù于yú空kōng荒huāng之zhī地dì,提tí挈qiè万wàn里lǐ,逾yú险xiǎn浮fú深shēn,离lí坟fén墓mù,弃qì生shēng业yè,富fù者zhě无wú三sān年nián之zhī粮liáng,贫pín者zhě无wú一yī餐cān之zhī饭fàn,田tián宅zhái不bù可kě复fù售shòu,舟zhōu车chē无wú从cóng而ér得dé,舍shě安ān乐lè之zhī国guó,适shì习xí乱luàn之zhī乡xiāng,出chū必bì安ān之zhī地dì,就jiù累lěi卵luǎn之zhī危wēi,将jiāng顿dùn仆pū道dào涂tú,飘piāo溺nì江jiāng川chuān,仅jǐn有yǒu达dá者zhě。夫fū国guó以yǐ人rén为wéi本běn,疾jí寇kòu所suǒ以yǐ为wéi人rén,众zhòng丧sàng而ér寇kòu除chú,亦yì安ān所suǒ取qǔ裁cái?此cǐ仁rén者zhě所suǒ宜yí哀āi矜jīn,国guó家jiā所suǒ宜yí深shēn虑lǜ也yě。自zì古gǔ今jīn帝dì王wáng之zhī都dōu,岂qǐ有yǒu常cháng所suǒ,时shí隆lóng则zé宅zhái中zhōng而ér图tú大dà,势shì屈qū则zé遵zūn养yǎng以yǐ待dài会huì。使shǐ德dé不bù可kě胜shèng,家jiā有yǒu三sān年nián之zhī积jī,然rán后hòu始shǐ可kě谋móu太tài平píng之zhī事shì耳ěr。今jīn天tiān时shí人rén事shì,有yǒu未wèi至zhì者zhě矣yǐ,一yī朝zhāo欲yù一yī宇yǔ宙zhòu,无wú乃nǎi顿dùn而ér难nán举jǔ乎hū?

臣chén之zhī愚yú计jì,以yǐ为wéi且qiě可kě更gèng遣qiǎn一yī将jiāng有yǒu威wēi名míng资zī实shí者zhě,先xiān镇zhèn洛luò阳yáng,于yú陵líng所suǒ筑zhù二èr垒lěi以yǐ奉fèng卫wèi山shān陵líng,扫sǎo平píng梁liáng、许xǔ,清qīng一yī河hé南nán,运yùn漕cáo之zhī路lù既jì通tōng,然rán后hòu尽jìn力lì于yú开kāi垦kěn,广guǎng田tián积jī谷gǔ,渐jiàn为wèi徙xǐ者zhě之zhī资zī。如rú此cǐ,贼zéi见jiàn亡wáng征zhēng,势shì必bì远yuǎn窜cuàn。如rú其qí迷mí逆nì不bù化huà,复fù欲yù送sòng死sǐ者zhě,南nán北běi诸zhū军jūn风fēng驰chí电diàn赴fù,若ruò身shēn手shǒu之zhī救jiù痛tòng痒yǎng,率shuài然rán之zhī应yīng首shǒu尾wěi,山shān陵líng既jì固gù,中zhōng夏xià小xiǎo康kāng。陛bì下xià且qiě端duān委wěi紫zǐ极jí,增zēng修xiū德dé政zhèng,躬gōng行xíng汉hàn文wén简jiǎn朴piáo之zhī至zhì,去qù小xiǎo惠huì,节jié游yóu费fèi,审shěn官guān人rén,练liàn甲jiǎ兵bīng,以yǐ养yǎng士shì灭miè寇kòu为wèi先xiān。十shí年nián行xíng之zhī,无wú使shǐ隳huī废fèi,则zé贫pín者zhě殖zhí其qí财cái,怯qiè者zhě充chōng其qí勇yǒng,人rén知zhī天tiān德dé,赴fù死sǐ如rú归guī,以yǐ此cǐ致zhì政zhèng,犹yóu运yùn诸zhū掌zhǎng握wò。何hé故gù舍shě百bǎi胜shèng之zhī长zhǎng理lǐ,举jǔ天tiān下xià而ér一yī掷zhì哉zāi!陛bì下xià春chūn秋qiū方fāng富fù,温wēn克kè壮zhuàng其qí猷yóu,君jūn臣chén相xiāng与yǔ,弘hóng养yǎng德dé业yè,括kuò囊náng元yuán吉jí,岂qǐ不bù快kuài乎hū!

今jīn温wēn唱chàng高gāo议yì,圣shèng朝cháo互hù同tóng,臣chén以yǐ轻qīng微wēi,独dú献xiàn管guǎn见jiàn。出chū言yán之zhī难nán,实shí在zài今jīn日rì,而ér臣chén区qū区qū必bì闻wén天tiān听tīng者zhě,窃qiè以yǐ无wú讳huì之zhī朝cháo,狂kuáng瞽gǔ进jìn说shuō,刍chú荛ráo之zhī谋móu,圣shèng贤xián所suǒ察chá,所suǒ以yǐ不bù胜shèng至zhì忧yōu,触chù冒mào干gàn陈chén。若ruò陛bì下xià垂chuí神shén,温wēn少shǎo留liú思sī,岂qǐ非fēi屈qū于yú一yī人rén而ér允yǔn亿yì兆zhào之zhī顾gù哉zāi!如rú以yǐ干gàn忤wǔ罪zuì大dà,欲yù加jiā显xiǎn戮lù,使shǐ丹dān诚chéng上shàng达dá,退tuì受shòu刑xíng诛zhū,虽suī没méi泉quán壤rǎng,尸shī且qiě不bù朽xiǔ。

桓huán温wēn见jiàn绰chuò表biǎo,不bú悦yuè,曰yuē:“致zhì意yì兴xìng公gōng,何hé不bù寻xún君jūn《遂suì初chū赋fù》,知zhī人rén家jiā国guó事shì邪xié!”寻xún转zhuǎn廷tíng尉wèi卿qīng,领lǐng著zhù作zuò。绰chuò少shǎo以yǐ文wén才cái垂chuí称chēng,于yú时shí文wén士shì,绰chuò为wèi其qí冠guān。温wēn、王wáng、郗xī、庾yǔ诸zhū公gōng之zhī薨hōng,必bì须xū绰chuò为wèi碑bēi文wén,然rán后hòu刊kān石shí焉yān。年nián五wǔ十shí八bā,卒zú。

子zi嗣sì,有yǒu绰chuò风fēng,文wén章zhāng相xiāng亚yà,位wèi至zhì中zhōng军jūn参cān军jūn,早zǎo亡wáng。

史shǐ臣chén曰yuē:江jiāng统tǒng风fēng检jiǎn操cāo行xíng,良liáng有yǒu可kě称chēng,陈chén留liú多duō士shì,斯sī为wèi其qí冠guān。《徙xǐ戎róng》之zhī论lùn,实shí乃nǎi经jīng国guó远yuǎn图tú。然rán运yùn距jù中zhōng衰shuāi,陵líng替tì有yǒu渐jiàn,假jiǎ其qí言yán见jiàn用yòng,恐kǒng速sù祸huò招zhāo怨yuàn,无wú救jiù于yú将jiāng颠diān也yě。逮dǎi愍mǐn怀huái废fèi徙xǐ,冒mào禁jìn拜bài辞cí,所suǒ谓wèi命mìng轻qīng鸿hóng毛máo,义yì贵guì熊xióng掌zhǎng。[A170]位wèi隆lóng端duān石shí,竭jié诚chéng献xiàn替tì。惇dūn遗yí忽hū荣róng利lì,聿yù修xiū天tiān爵jué。虽suī出chū处chǔ异yì途tú,俱jù难nán兄xiōng弟dì矣yǐ。孙sūn楚chǔ体tǐ英yīng绚xuàn之zhī姿zī,超chāo然rán出chū类lèi,见jiàn知zhī武wǔ子zi,诚chéng无wú愧kuì色sè。览lǎn其qí贻yí皓hào之zhī书shū,谅liàng曩nǎng代dài之zhī佳jiā笔bǐ也yě。而ér负fù才cái诞dàn傲ào,蔑miè苞bāo忿fèn奕yì,违wéi逊xùn让ràng之zhī道dào,肆sì陵líng愤fèn之zhī气qì,丁dīng年nián沈shěn废fèi,谅liàng自zì取qǔ矣yǐ。统tǒng、绰chuò棣dì华huá秀xiù发fà,名míng显xiǎn中zhōng兴xīng,可kě谓wèi无wú忝tiǎn尔ěr祖zǔ。统tǒng竟jìng沦lún迹jì下xià邑yì,穷qióng观guān胜shèng地dì,会huì其qí心xīn焉yān。绰chuò献xiàn直zhí论lùn辞cí,都dōu不bù慑shè元yuán子zi,有yǒu匪fěi躬gōng之zhī节jié,岂qǐ徒tú文wén雅yǎ而ér已yǐ哉zāi!

赞zàn曰yuē:应yīng元yuán蹈dǎo义yì,子zi荆jīng越yuè俗sú。江jiāng寡guǎ悔huǐ尤yóu,孙sūn贻yí摈bìn辱rǔ。[A170]、统tǒng昆kūn弟dì,江jiāng左zuǒ驰chí声shēng。彬bīn彬bīn藻zǎo思sī,绰chuò冠guān群qún英yīng。

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