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列liè传zhuàn第dì十shí五wǔ臧zāng焘dào 徐xú广guǎng 傅fù隆lóng

臧zāng焘dào,字zì德dé仁rén,东dōng莞guǎn莒jǔ人rén,武wǔ敬jìng皇huáng后hòu兄xiōng也yě。少shǎo好hào学xué,善shàn《三sān礼lǐ》,贫pín约yuē自zì立lì,操cāo行xíng为wèi乡xiāng里lǐ所suǒ称chēng。晋jìn孝xiào武wǔ帝dì太tài元yuán中zhōng,卫wèi将jiāng军jūn谢xiè安ān始shǐ立lì国guó学xué,徐xú、兗yǎn二èr州zhōu刺cì史shǐ谢xiè玄xuán举jǔ焘dào为wèi助zhù教jiào。

孝xiào武wǔ帝dì追zhuī崇chóng庶shù祖zǔ母mǔ宣xuān太tài后hòu,议yì者zhě或huò谓wèi宜yí配pèi食shí中zhōng宗zōng。焘dào议yì曰yuē:“《阳yáng秋qiū》,之zhī义yì,母mǔ以yǐ子zi贵guì,故gù仲zhòng子zi、成chéng风fēng,咸xián称chēng夫fū人rén。《经jīng》云yún‘考kǎo仲zhòng子zi之zhī宫gōng’。若ruò配pèi食shí惠huì庙miào,则zé宫gōng无wú缘yuán别bié筑zhù。前qián汉hàn孝xiào文wén、孝xiào昭zhāo太tài后hòu,并bìng系xì子zi为wèi号hào,祭jì于yú寝qǐn园yuán,不bù配pèi于yú高gāo祖zǔ、孝xiào武wǔ之zhī庙miào。后hòu汉hàn和hé帝dì之zhī母mǔ曰yuē恭gōng怀huái皇huáng所suǒ,安ān帝dì祖zǔ母mǔ曰yuē敬jìng隐yǐn皇huáng后hòu,顺shùn帝dì之zhī母mǔ曰yuē恭gōng愍mǐn皇huáng后hòu,虽suī不bù系xì子zi为wèi号hào,亦yì祭jì于yú陵líng寝qǐn。不bù配pèi章zhāng、安ān二èr帝dì。此cǐ则zé二èr汉hàn虽suī有yǒu太tài后hòu、皇huáng后hòu之zhī异yì,至zhì于yú并bìng不bù配pèi食shí,义yì同tóng《阳yáng秋qiū》。唯wéi光guāng武wǔ追zhuī废fèi吕lǚ后hòu,故gù以yǐ薄báo后hòu配pèi高gāo祖zǔ庙miào。又yòu卫wèi后hòu既jì废fèi,霍huò光guāng追zhuī尊zūn李lǐ夫fū人rén为wèi皇huáng后hòu,配pèi孝xiào武wǔ庙miào,此cǐ非fēi母mǔ以yǐ子zi贵guì之zhī例lì,直zhí以yǐ高gāo、武wǔ二èr庙miào无wú配pèi故gù耳ěr。夫fū汉hàn立lì寝qǐn于yú陵líng,自zì是shì晋jìn制zhì所suǒ异yì。谓wèi宜yí远yuǎn准zhǔn《阳yáng秋qiū》考kǎo宫gōng之zhī义yì,近jìn摹mó二èr汉hàn不bù配pèi之zhī典diǎn。尊zūn号hào既jì正zhèng,则zé罔wǎng极jí之zhī情qíng申shēn,别bié建jiàn寝qǐn庙miào,则zé严yán祢mí之zhī义yì显xiǎn,系xì子zi为wèi称chēng,兼jiān明míng母mǔ贵guì之zhī所suǒ由yóu,一yī举jǔ而ér允yǔn三sān义yì,固gù哲zhé王wáng之zhī高gāo致zhì也yě。”议yì者zhě从cóng之zhī。

顷qǐng之zhī,去qù官guān。以yǐ母mǔ老lǎo家jiā贫pín,与yǔ弟dì熹xī俱jù弃qì人rén事shì,躬gōng耕gēng自zì业yè,约yuē己jǐ养yǎng亲qīn者zhě十shí余yú载zài。父fù母mǔ丧sàng亡wáng,居jū丧sāng六liù年nián,以yǐ毁huǐ瘠jí著zhù称chēng。服fú阕què,除chú临lín沂yí令lìng。义yì旗qí建jiàn,为wèi太tài学xué博bó士shì,参cān右yòu将jiāng军jūn何hé无wú忌jì军jūn事shì,随suí府fǔ转zhuǎn镇zhèn南nán参cān军jūn。

高gāo祖zǔ镇zhèn京jīng口kǒu,与yǔ焘dào书shū曰yuē:“顷qǐng学xué尚shàng废fèi弛chí,后hòu进jìn颓tuí业yè,衡héng门mén之zhī内nèi,清qīng风fēng辍chuò响xiǎng。良liáng由yóu戎róng车chē屡lǚ警jǐng,礼lǐ乐yuè中zhōng息xī,浮fú夫fū恣zì志zhì,情qíng与yǔ事shì染rǎn,岂qǐ可kě不bù敷fū崇chóng坟fén籍jí,敦dūn厉lì风fēng尚shàng。此cǐ境jìng人rén士shì,子zi侄zhí如rú林lín,明míng发fā搜sōu访fǎng,想xiǎng闻wén令lìng轨guǐ。然rán荆jīng玉yù含hán宝bǎo,要yào俟qí开kāi莹yíng,幽yōu兰lán怀huái馨xīn,事shì资zī扇shàn发fā,独dú习xí寡guǎ悟wù,义yì著zhù周zhōu典diǎn。今jīn经jīng师shī不bù远yuǎn,而ér赴fù业yè无wú闻wén,非fēi唯wéi志zhì学xué者zhě鲜xiān,或huò是shì劝quàn诱yòu未wèi至zhì邪xié。想xiǎng复fù弘hóng之zhī。”参cān高gāo祖zǔ中zhōng军jūn军jūn事shì,入rù补bǔ尚shàng书shū度dù支zhī郎láng,改gǎi掌zhǎng祠cí部bù。袭xí封fēng高gāo陵líng亭tíng侯hóu。

时shí太tài庙miào鸱chī尾wěi灾zāi,焘dào谓wèi著zhù作zuò郎láng徐xú广guǎng曰yuē:“昔xī孔kǒng子zi在zài齐qí,闻wén鲁lǔ庙miào灾zāi,曰yuē必bì桓huán、僖xī也yě。今jīn征zhēng西xī、京jīng兆zhào四sì府fǔ君jūn,宜yí在zài毁huǐ落luò,而ér犹yóu列liè庙miào飨xiǎng,此cǐ其qí征zhēng乎hū?”乃nǎi上shàng议yì曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén国guó之zhī大dà事shì,在zài祀sì与yǔ戎róng,将jiāng营yíng宫gōng室shì,宗zōng庙miào为wéi首shǒu。古gǔ先xiān哲zhé王wáng,莫mò不bù致zhì肃sù恭gōng之zhī诚chéng心xīn,尽jǐn崇chóng严yán乎hū祖zǔ考kǎo,然rán后hòu能néng流liú淳chún化huà于yú四sì海hǎi,通tōng幽yōu感gǎn于yú神shén明míng。固gù宜yí详xiáng废fèi兴xīng于yú古gǔ典diǎn,循xún情qíng礼lǐ以yǐ求qiú中zhōng者zhě也yě。礼lǐ,天tiān子zi七qī庙miào,三sān昭zhāo三sān穆mù,与yǔ太tài祖zǔ而ér七qī。自zì考kǎo庙miào以yǐ至zhì祖zǔ考kǎo五wǔ庙miào,皆jiē月yuè祭jì之zhī,远yuǎn庙miào为wèi祧tiāo,有yǒu二èr祧tiāo,享xiǎng尝cháng乃nǎi止zhǐ。去qù祧tiāo为wèi坛tán,去qù坛tán为wèi墠shàn,有yǒu祷dǎo然rán后hòu祭jì之zhī。此cǐ宗zōng庙miào之zhī次cì,亲qīn疏shū之zhī序xù也yě。郑zhèng玄xuán以yǐ为wéi祧tiāo者zhě文wén王wáng、武wǔ王wáng之zhī庙miào,王wáng肃sù以yǐ为wéi五wǔ世shì六liù世shì之zhī祖zǔ。寻xún去qù祧tiāo之zhī言yán,则zé祧tiāo非fēi文wén、武wǔ之zhī庙miào矣yǐ。文wén、武wǔ周zhōu之zhī祖zǔ宗zōng,何hé云yún去qù祧tiāo为wèi坛tán乎hū?明míng远yuǎn庙miào为wèi祧tiāo者zhě,无wú服fú之zhī祖zǔ也yě。又yòu远yuǎn庙miào则zé有yǒu享xiǎng尝cháng之zhī礼lǐ,去qù祧tiāo则zé有yǒu坛tán墠shàn之zhī殊shū,明míng世shì远yuǎn者zhě,其qí义yì弥mí疏shū也yě。若ruò祧tiāo是shì文wén、武wǔ之zhī庙miào,宜yí同tóng月yuè祭jì于yú太tài祖zǔ,虽suī推tuī后hòu稷jì以yǐ配pèi天tiān,由yóu功gōng德dé之zhī所suǒ始shǐ,非fēi尊zūn崇chóng之zhī义yì每měi有yǒu差chà降jiàng也yě。又yòu礼lǐ有yǒu以yǐ多duō贵guì者zhě,故gù传chuán称chēng德dé厚hòu者zhě流liú光guāng,德dé薄báo者zhě流liú卑bēi。又yòu云yún自zì上shàng以yǐ下xià,降jiàng杀shā以yǐ两liǎng,礼lǐ也yě。此cǐ则zé尊zūn卑bēi等děng级jí之zhī典diǎn,上shàng下xià殊shū异yì之zhī文wén。而ér云yún天tiān子zi诸zhū侯hóu俱jù祭jì五wǔ庙miào,何hé哉zāi?又yòu王wáng祭jì嫡dí殇shāng,下xià及jí来lái孙sūn,而ér上shàng祀sì之zhī礼lǐ,不bù过guò高gāo祖zǔ。推tuī隆lóng恩ēn于yú下xià流liú,替tì诚chéng敬jìng于yú尊zūn属shǔ,亦yì非fēi圣shèng人rén制zhì礼lǐ之zhī意yì也yě。是shì以yǐ泰tài始shǐ建jiàn庙miào,从cóng王wáng氏shì议yì,以yǐ礼lǐ父fù为wèi士shì,子zi为wèi天tiān子zi诸zhū侯hóu,祭jì以yǐ天tiān子zi诸zhū侯hóu,其qí尸shī服fú以yǐ士shì服fú。故gù上shàng及jí征zhēng西xī,以yǐ备bèi六liù世shì之zhī数shù,宣xuān皇huáng虽suī为wèi太tài祖zǔ,尚shàng在zài子zǐ孙sūn之zhī位wèi,至zhì于yú殷yīn祭jì之zhī日rì,未wèi申shēn东dōng向xiàng之zhī礼lǐ,所suǒ谓wèi子zi虽suī齐qí圣shèng,不bù先xiān父fù食shí者zhě矣yǐ。今jīn京jīng兆zhào以yǐ上shàng既jì迁qiān,太tài祖zǔ始shǐ得dé居jū正zhèng,议yì者zhě以yǐ昭zhāo穆mù未wèi足zú,欲yù屈qū太tài祖zǔ于yú卑bēi坐zuò,臣chén以yǐ为wéi非fēi礼lǐ典diǎn之zhī旨zhǐ。所suǒ与yǔ太tài祖zǔ而ér七qī,自zì是shì昭zhāo穆mù既jì足zú,太tài祖zǔ在zài六liù世shì之zhī外wài,非fēi为wèi须xū满mǎn七qī庙miào,乃nǎi得dé居jū太tài祖zǔ也yě。议yì者zhě又yòu以yǐ四sì府fǔ君jūn神shén主zhǔ宜yí永yǒng同tóng于yú殷yīn祫xiá,臣chén又yòu以yǐ为wéi不bù然rán。传chuán所suǒ谓wèi毁huǐ庙miào之zhī主zhǔ,陈chén乎hū太tài祖zǔ,谓wèi太tài祖zǔ以yǐ下xià先xiān君jūn之zhī主zhǔ也yě。故gù《白bái虎hǔ通tōng》云yún‘禘dì祫xiá祭jì迁qiān庙miào者zhě,以yǐ其qí继jì君jūn之zhī体tǐ,持chí其qí统tǒng而ér不bù绝jué也yě。”岂qǐ如rú四sì府fǔ君jūn在zài太tài祖zǔ之zhī前qián乎hū。非fēi继jì统tǒng之zhī主zhǔ,无wú灵líng命mìng之zhī瑞ruì,非fēi王wáng业yè之zhī基jī,昔xī以yǐ世shì近jìn而ér及jí,今jīn则zé情qíng礼lǐ已yǐ远yuǎn,而ér当dāng长zhǎng飨xiǎng殷yīn祫xiá,永yǒng虚xū太tài祖zǔ之zhī位wèi,求qiú之zhī礼lǐ籍jí,未wèi见jiàn其qí可kě。昔xī永yǒng和hé之zhī初chū,大dà议yì斯sī礼lǐ,于yú时shí虞yú喜xǐ、范fàn宣xuān并bìng以yǐ渊yuān儒rú硕shuò学xué,咸xián谓wèi四sì府fǔ君jūn神shén主zhǔ,无wú缘yuán永yǒng存cún于yú百bǎi世shì。或huò欲yù瘗yì之zhī两liǎng阶jiē,或huò欲yù藏cáng之zhī石shí室shì,或huò欲yù为wèi之zhī改gǎi筑zhù,虽suī所suǒ秉bǐng小xiǎo异yì,而ér大dà归guī是shì同tóng。若ruò宣xuān皇huáng既jì居jū群qún庙miào之zhī上shàng,而ér四sì主zhǔ禘dì祫xiá不bù已yǐ,则zé大dà晋jìn殷yīn祭jì,长zhǎng无wú太tài祖zǔ之zhī位wèi矣yǐ。夫fū理lǐ贵guì有yǒu中zhōng,不bù必bì过guò厚hòu;礼lǐ与yǔ世shì迁qiān,岂qǐ可kě顺shùn而ér不bù断duàn!故gù臣chén子zi之zhī情qíng虽suī笃dǔ,而ér灵líng厉lì之zhī谥shì弥mí彰zhāng;追zhuī远yuǎn之zhī怀huái虽suī切qiè,而ér迁qiān毁huǐ之zhī礼lǐ为wèi用yòng。岂qǐ不bù有yǒu心xīn于yú加jiā厚hòu,顾gù礼lǐ制zhì不bù可kě逾yú尔ěr。石shí室shì则zé藏cáng于yú庙miào北běi,改gǎi筑zhù则zé未wèi知zhī所suǒ处chù,虞yú主zhǔ所suǒ以yǐ依yī神shén,神shén移yí则zé有yǒu瘗yì埋mái之zhī礼lǐ。四sì主zhǔ若ruò飨xiǎng祀sì宜yí废fèi,亦yì神shén之zhī所suǒ不bù依yī也yě,准zhǔn傍bàng事shì例lì,宜yí同tóng虞yú主zhǔ之zhī瘗yì埋mái。然rán经jīng典diǎn难nán详xiáng,群qún言yán纷fēn错cuò,非fēi臣chén卑bēi浅qiǎn所suǒ能néng折zhé中zhōng。”时shí学xué者zhě多duō从cóng焘dào议yì,竟jìng未wèi施shī行xíng。

迁qiān通tōng直zhí郎láng,高gāo祖zǔ镇zhèn军jūn、车chē骑qí、中zhōng军jūn、太tài尉wèi咨zī议yì参cān军jūn。高gāo祖zǔ北běi伐fá关guān、洛luò,大dà司sī马mǎ琅láng邪xié王wáng同tóng行háng,除chú大dà司sī马mǎ从cóng事shì中zhōng郎láng,总zǒng留liú府fǔ事shì。义yì熙xī十shí四sì年nián,除chú侍shì中zhōng。元yuán熙xī元yuán年nián,以yǐ脚jiǎo疾jí去qù职zhí。高gāo祖zǔ受shòu命mìng,征zhēng拜bài太tài常cháng,虽suī外wài戚qī贵guì显xiǎn,而ér弥mí自zì冲chōng约yuē,茅máo屋wū蔬shū餐cān,不bù改gǎi其qí旧jiù。所suǒ得de奉fèng禄lù,与yǔ亲qīn戚qī共gòng之zhī。永yǒng初chū三sān年nián,致zhì仕shì,拜bài光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,加jiā金jīn章zhāng紫zǐ绶shòu。其qí年nián卒zú,时shí年nián七qī十shí。少shǎo帝dì追zhuī赠zèng左zuǒ光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,加jiā散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì。

长zhǎng子zǐ邃suì,护hù军jūn司sī马mǎ,宜yí都dōu太tài守shǒu。少shǎo子zǐ绰chuò,太tài子zi中zhōng舍shě人rén,新xīn安ān太tài守shǒu。邃suì长zhǎng子zǐ谌chén之zhī,尚shàng书shū都dōu官guān郎láng,乌wū程chéng令lìng。谌chén之zhī弟dì凝níng之zhī,学xué涉shè有yǒu当dāng世shì才cái具jù,与yǔ司sī空kōng徐xú湛zhàn之zhī为wèi异yì常cháng之zhī交jiāo。年nián少shào时shí与yǔ北běi地dì傅fù僧sēng祐yòu俱jù以yǐ通tōng家jiā子zi始shǐ为wèi太tài祖zǔ所suǒ引yǐn见jiàn,时shí上shàng与yǔ何hé尚shàng之zhī论lùn铸zhù钱qián事shì,凝níng之zhī便biàn干gàn其qí语yǔ,上shàng因yīn回huí与yǔ论lùn之zhī。僧sēng祐yòu引yǐn凝níng之zhī衣yī令lìng止zhǐ,凝níng之zhī大dà言yán谓wèi僧sēng祐yòu曰yuē:“明míng主zhǔ难nán再zài遇yù,便biàn应yīng正zhèng尽jǐn所suǒ怀huái。”上shàng与yǔ往wǎng复fù十shí余yú反fǎn,凝níng之zhī词cí韵yùn铨quán序xù,兼jiān有yǒu理lǐ证zhèng,上shàng甚shèn赏shǎng焉yān。历lì随suí王wáng诞dàn后hòu军jūn记jì室shì录lù事shì,欲yù以yǐ为wéi青qīng州zhōu,其qí事shì不bù果guǒ。迁qiān尚shàng书shū右yòu丞chéng,以yǐ徐xú湛zhàn之zhī党dǎng,为wèi元yuán凶xiōng所suǒ杀shā。子zi夤yín,尚shàng书shū主zhǔ客kè郎láng,沈shěn攸yōu之zhī征zhēng西xī功gōng曹cáo,为wèi攸yōu之zhī尽jǐn节jié,事shì在zài《攸yōu之zhī传chuán》。凝níng之zhī弟dì潭tán之zhī,亦yì有yǒu美měi誉yù。太tài宗zōng世shì,历lì尚shàng书shū吏lì部bù郎láng,御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng。后hòu废fèi帝dì元yuán徽huī中zhōng,为wèi左zuǒ民mín尚shàng书shū,卒zú官guān。潭tán之zhī弟dì澄chéng之zhī,太tài子zi左zuǒ积jī弩nǔ将jiāng军jūn。元yuán嘉jiā二èr十shí七qī年nián,领lǐng军jūn于yú盱xū眙yí,为wèi索suǒ虏lǔ所suǒ破pò,见jiàn杀shā,追zhuī赠zèng通tōng直zhí郎láng。绰chuò子zi焕huàn,顺shùn帝dì升shēng明míng中zhōng,为wèi武wǔ昌chāng太tài守shǒu。沈shěn攸yōu之zhī攻gōng郢yǐng城chéng,焕huàn弃qì郡jùn赴fù之zhī;攸yōu之zhī败bài,伏fú诛zhū。

傅fù僧sēng祐yòu,祖zǔ父fù弘hóng仁rén,高gāo祖zǔ外wài弟dì也yě。以yǐ中zhōng表biǎo历lì显xiǎn官guān,征zhēng虏lǔ将jiāng军jūn、南nán谯qiáo太tài守shǒu,太tài常cháng卿qīng。子zi邵shào,员yuán外wài散sàn骑qí侍shì郎láng,妻qī焘dào女nǚ也yě,生shēng僧sēng祐yòu,有yǒu吏lì才cái,再zài为wèi山shān阴yīn令lìng,甚shèn有yǒu能néng名míng,末mò世shì令lìng长zhǎng莫mò及jí。亦yì以yǐ徐xú湛zhàn之zhī党dǎng,为wèi元yuán凶xiōng所suǒ杀shā。

徐xú广guǎng,字zì野yě民mín,东dōng莞guǎn姑gū幕mù人rén也yě。父fù藻zǎo,都dōu水shuǐ使shǐ者zhě。兄xiōng邈miǎo,太tài子zi前qián卫wèi率lǜ。家jiā世shì好hào学xué,至zhì广guǎng尤yóu精jīng,百bǎi家jiā数shù术shù,无wú不bù研yán览lǎn。谢xiè玄xuán为wèi州zhōu,辟pì广guǎng从cóng事shì西xī曹cáo。又yòu谯qiáo王wáng司sī马mǎ恬tián镇zhèn北běi参cān军jūn。晋jìn孝xiào武wǔ帝dì以yǐ广guǎng博bó学xué,除chú为wèi秘mì书shū郎láng,校xiào书shū秘mì阁gé,增zēng置zhì职zhí僚liáo。转zhuǎn员yuán外wài散sàn骑qí侍shì郎láng,领lǐng校xiào书shū如rú故gù。隆lóng安ān中zhōng,尚shàng书shū令lìng王wáng珣xún举jǔ为wèi祠cí部bù郎láng。

李lǐ太tài后hòu薨hōng,广guǎng议yì服fú曰yuē:“太tài皇huáng太tài后hòu名míng位wèi允yǔn正zhèng,体tǐ同tóng皇huáng极jí,理lǐ制zhì备bèi尽jǐn,情qíng礼lǐ弥mí申shēn。《阳yáng秋qiū》之zhī义yì,母mǔ以yǐ子zi贵guì。既jì称chēng夫fū人rén,礼lǐ服fú从cóng正zhèng,故gù成chéng风fēng显xiǎn夫fū人rén之zhī号hào,文wén公gōng服fú三sān年nián之zhī丧sàng。子zi于yú父fù之zhī所suǒ生shēng,体tǐ尊zūn义yì重zhòng。且qiě礼lǐ祖zǔ不bù厌yàn孙sūn,固gù宜yí遂suì服fú无wú屈qū。而ér缘yuán情qíng立lì制zhì,若ruò嫌xián明míng文wén不bù存cún,则zé疑yí斯sī从cóng重zhòng。谓wèi应yīng同tóng于yú为wèi祖zǔ母mǔ后hòu,齐qí衰shuāi三sān年nián。”服fú从cóng其qí议yì。

时shí会huì稽jī王wáng世shì子zi元yuán显xiǎn录lù尚shàng书shū,欲yù使shǐ百bǎi僚liáo致zhì敬jìng,台tái内nèi使shǐ广guǎng立lì议yì,由yóu是shì内nèi外wài并bìng执zhí下xià官guān礼lǐ,广guǎng常cháng为wèi愧kuì恨hèn焉yān。元yuán显xiǎn引yǐn为wèi中zhōng军jūn参cān军jūn,迁qiān领lǐng军jūn长zhǎng史shǐ。桓huán玄xuán辅fǔ政zhèng,以yǐ为wéi大dà将jiāng军jūn文wén学xué祭jì酒jiǔ。

义yì熙xī初chū,高gāo祖zǔ使shǐ撰zhuàn车chē服fú仪yí注zhù,乃nǎi除chú镇zhèn军jūn咨zī议yì参cān军jūn,领lǐng记jì室shì。封fēng乐lè成chéng县xiàn五wǔ等děng侯hóu。转zhuǎn员yuán外wài散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,领lǐng著zhù作zuò郎láng。二èr年nián,尚shàng书shū奏zòu曰yuē:“臣chén闻wén左zuǒ史shǐ述shù言yán,右yòu官guān书shū事shì,《乘chéng》、《志zhì》显xiǎn于yú晋jìn、郑zhèng,《阳yáng秋qiū》著zhù乎hū鲁lǔ史shǐ。自zì皇huáng代dài有yǒu造zào,中zhōng兴xīng晋jìn祀sì,道dào风fēng帝dì典diǎn,焕huàn乎hū史shǐ策cè。而ér太tài和hé以yǐ降jiàng,世shì历lì三sān朝cháo,玄xuán风fēng圣shèng迹jì,倏shū为wèi畴chóu古gǔ。臣chén等děng参cān详xiáng,宜yí敕chì著zhù作zuò郎láng徐xú广guǎng撰zhuàn成chéng国guó史shǐ。”诏zhào曰yuē:“先xiān朝cháo至zhì德dé光guāng被bèi,未wèi著zhù方fāng策cè,宜yí流liú风fēng缅miǎn代dài,永yǒng贻yí将jiāng来lái者zhě也yě。便biàn敕chì撰zhuàn集jí。”

六liù年nián,迁qiān散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,又yòu领lǐng徐xú州zhōu大dà中zhōng正zhèng,转zhuǎn正zhèng员yuán常cháng侍shì。时shí有yǒu风fēng雹báo为wèi灾zāi,广guǎng献xiàn书shū高gāo祖zǔ曰yuē:“风fēng雹báo变biàn未wèi必bì为wèi灾zāi,古gǔ之zhī圣shèng贤xián辄zhé惧jù而ér修xiū己jǐ,所suǒ以yǐ兴xīng政zhèng化huà而ér隆lóng德dé教jiào也yě。尝cháng忝tiǎn服fú事shì,宿sù眷juàn未wèi忘wàng,思sī竭jié尘chén露lù,率lǜ诚chéng于yú习xí。明míng公gōng初chū建jiàn义yì旗qí,匡kuāng复fù宗zōng社shè,神shén武wǔ应yìng运yùn,信xìn宿sù平píng夷yí。且qiě恭gōng俭jiǎn谦qiān约yuē,虚xū心xīn匪fěi懈xiè,来lái苏sū之zhī化huà,功gōng用yòng若ruò神shén。顷qǐng事shì故gù既jì多duō,刑xíng德dé并bìng用yòng,战zhàn功gōng殷yīn积jī,报bào叙xù难nán尽jǐn,万wàn机jī繁fán凑còu,固gù应yīng难nán速sù,且qiě小xiǎo细xì烦fán密mì,群qún下xià多duō惧jù。又yòu谷gǔ帛bó丰fēng贱jiàn,而ér民mín情qíng不bù劝quàn;禁jìn司sī互hù设shè,而ér劫jié盗dào多duō有yǒu,诚chéng由yóu俗sú弊bì未wèi易yì整zhěng,而ér望wàng深shēn未wèi易yì炳bǐng。追zhuī思sī义yì熙xī之zhī始shǐ,如rú有yǒu不bù同tóng,何hé者zhě?好hǎo安ān愿yuàn逸yì,万wàn物wù之zhī大dà趣qù,习xí旧jiù骇hài新xīn,凡fán识shí所suǒ不bù免miǎn。要yào当dāng俯fǔ顺shùn群qún情qíng,抑yì扬yáng随suí俗sú,则zé朝cháo野yě欢huān泰tài,具jù瞻zhān允yǔn康kāng矣yǐ。言yán无wú可kě采cǎi,愿yuàn矜jīn其qí愚yú款kuǎn之zhī志zhì。”又yòu转zhuǎn大dà司sī农nóng,领lǐng著zhù作zuò郎láng皆jiē如rú故gù。十shí二èr年nián,《晋jìn纪jì》成chéng,凡fán四sì十shí六liù卷juǎn,表biǎo上shàng之zhī。迁qiān秘mì书shū监jiān。

初chū,桓huán玄xuán篡cuàn位wèi,安ān帝dì出chū宫gōng,广guǎng陪péi列liè悲bēi恸tòng,哀āi动dòng左zuǒ右yòu。及jí高gāo祖zǔ受shòu禅chán,恭gōng帝dì逊xùn位wèi,广guǎng又yòu哀āi感gǎn,涕tì泗sì交jiāo流liú。谢xiè晦huì见jiàn之zhī,谓wèi之zhī曰yuē:“徐xú公gōng将jiāng无wú小xiǎo过guò?”广guǎng收shōu泪lèi答dá曰yuē:“身shēn与yǔ君jūn不bù同tóng。君jūn佐zuǒ命mìng兴xīng王wáng,逢féng千qiān载zài嘉jiā运yùn;身shēn世shì荷hé晋jìn德dé,实shí眷juàn恋liàn故gù主zhǔ。”因yīn更gèng歔xū欷xī。

永yǒng初chū元yuán年nián,诏zhào曰yuē:“秘mì书shū监jiān徐xú广guǎng,学xué优yōu行xíng谨jǐn,历lì位wèi恭gōng肃sù,可kě中zhōng散sàn大dà夫fū。”广guǎng上shàng表biǎo曰yuē:“臣chén年nián时shí衰shuāi耄mào,朝cháo敬jìng永yǒng阙quē,端duān居jū都dōu邑yì,徒tú增zēng替tì怠dài。臣chén坟fén墓mù在zài晋jìn陵líng,臣chén又yòu生shēng长zhǎng京jīng口kǒu,恋liàn旧jiù怀huái远yuǎn,每měi感gǎn暮mù心xīn。息xī道dào玄xuán谬miù荷hé朝cháo恩ēn,忝tiǎn宰zǎi此cǐ邑yì,乞qǐ相xiāng随suí之zhī官guān,归guī终zhōng桑sāng梓zǐ。微wēi志zhì获huò申shēn,殒yǔn没méi无wú恨hèn。”许xǔ之zhī,赠zèng赐cì甚shèn厚hòu。性xìng好hào读dú书shū,老lǎo犹yóu不bù倦juàn。元yuán嘉jiā二èr年nián,卒zú,时shí年nián七qī十shí四sì。《答dá礼lǐ问wèn》百bǎi余yú条tiáo,用yòng于yú今jīn世shì。广guǎng兄xiōng子zi豁huō,在zài《良liáng吏lì传chuán》。

傅fù隆lóng,字zì伯bó祚zuò,北běi地dì灵líng州zhōu人rén也yě。高gāo祖zǔ咸xián,晋jìn司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi。曾zēng祖zǔ晞xī,司sī徒tú属shǔ。父fù祖zǔ早zǎo亡wáng。隆lóng少shǎo孤gū,又yòu无wú近jìn属shǔ,单dān贫pín有yǒu学xué行xíng,不bù好hǎo交jiāo游yóu。义yì熙xī初chū,年nián四sì十shí,始shǐ为wèi孟mèng昶chǎng建jiàn威wēi将jiāng军jūn,员yuán外wài散sàn骑qí侍shì郎láng。坐zuò辞cí兼jiān,免miǎn。复fù为wèi会huì稽jī征zhēng虏lǔ参cān军jūn。家jiā在zài上shàng虞yú,及jí东dōng归guī,便biàn有yǒu终zhōng焉yān之zhī志zhì。历lì佐zuǒ三sān军jūn,首shǒu尾wěi八bā年nián。除chú给gěi事shì中zhōng。尚shàng书shū仆pū射shè、丹dān阳yáng尹yǐn徐xú羡xiàn之zhī置zhì建jiàn威wēi府fǔ,以yǐ为wéi录lù事shì参cān军jūn,寻xún转zhuǎn尚shàng书shū祠cí部bù郎láng、丹dān阳yáng丞chéng,入rù为wèi尚shàng书shū左zuǒ丞chéng。以yǐ族zú弟dì亮liàng为wèi仆pū射shè,缌sī服fú不bù得dé相xiāng临lín,徙xǐ太tài子zi率lǜ更gèng令lìng,庐lú陵líng王wáng义yì真zhēn车chē骑qí咨zī议yì参cān军jūn,出chū补bǔ山shān阴yīn令lìng。太tài祖zǔ元yuán嘉jiā初chū,除chú司sī徒tú右yòu长zhǎng史shǐ,迁qiān御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng。当dāng官guān而ér行xíng,甚shèn得dé司sī直zhí之zhī体tǐ。转zhuǎn司sī徒tú左zuǒ长zhǎng史shǐ。

时shí会huì稽jī剡shàn县xiàn民mín黄huáng初chū妻qī赵zhào打dǎ息xī载zài妻qī王wáng死sǐ亡wáng,遇yù赦shè,王wáng有yǒu父fù母mǔ及jí息xī男nán称chēng、息xī女nǚ叶yè,依yī法fǎ徙xǐ赵zhào二èr千qiān里lǐ外wài。隆lóng议yì之zhī曰yuē:“原yuán夫fū礼lǐ律lǜ之zhī兴xīng,盖gài本běn之zhī自zì然rán,求qiú之zhī情qíng理lǐ,非fēi从cóng天tiān堕duò,非fēi从cóng地dì出chū也yě。父fù子zǐ至zhì亲qīn,分fēn形xíng同tóng气qì,称chēng之zhī于yú载zài,即jí载zài之zhī于yú赵zhào,虽suī云yún三sān世shì,为wèi体tǐ犹yóu一yī,未wèi有yǒu能néng分fēn之zhī者zhě也yě。称chēng虽suī创chuāng巨jù痛tòng深shēn,固gù无wú仇chóu祖zǔ之zhī义yì。若ruò称chēng可kě以yǐ杀shā赵zhào,赵zhào当dāng何hé以yǐ处chù载zài?将jiāng父fù子zǐ孙sūn祖zǔ,互hù相xiāng残cán戮lù,惧jù非fēi先xiān王wáng明míng罚fá,咎jiù繇yáo立lì法fǎ之zhī本běn旨zhǐ也yě。向xiàng使shǐ石shí厚hòu之zhī子zi、日rì磾dī之zhī孙sūn,砥dǐ锋fēng挺tǐng锷è,不bù与yǔ二èr祖zǔ同tóng戴dài天tiān日rì,则zé石shí碏què、秺dù侯hóu何hé得dé流liú名míng百bǎi代dài,以yǐ为wéi美měi谈tán者zhě哉zāi!旧jiù令lìng云yún,‘杀shā人rén父fù母mǔ,徙xǐ之zhī二èr千qiān里lǐ外wài’。不bù施shī父fù子zǐ孙sūn祖zǔ明míng矣yǐ。赵zhào当dāng避bì王wáng期qī功gōng千qiān里lǐ外wài耳ěr。令lìng亦yì云yún,‘凡fán流liú徙xǐ者zhě,同tóng籍jí亲qīn近jìn欲yù相xiāng随suí者zhě,听tīng之zhī’。此cǐ又yòu大dà通tōng情qíng体tǐ,因yīn亲qīn以yǐ教jiào爱ài者zhě也yě。赵zhào既jì流liú移yí,载zài为wéi人rén子zi,何hé得dé不bù从cóng;载zài从cóng而ér称chēng不bù行xíng,岂qǐ名míng教jiào所suǒ许xǔ?如rú此cǐ,称chēng、赵zhào竟jìng不bù可kě分fēn。赵zhào虽suī内nèi愧kuì终zhōng身shēn,称chēng当dāng沈shěn痛tòng没mò齿chǐ,孙sūn祖zǔ之zhī义yì,自zì不bù得dé永yǒng绝jué,事shì理lǐ固gù然rán也yě。”从cóng之zhī。

又yòu出chū为wèi义yì兴xīng太tài守shǒu,在zài郡jùn有yǒu能néng名míng。征zhēng拜bài左zuǒ民mín尚shàng书shū,坐zuò正zhèng直zhí受shòu节jié假jià,对duì人rén未wèi至zhì,委wěi出chū,白bái衣yī领lǐng职zhí。寻xún转zhuǎn太tài常cháng。十shí四sì年nián,太tài祖zǔ以yǐ新xīn撰zhuàn《礼lǐ论lùn》付fù隆lóng使shǐ下xià意yì,隆lóng上shàng表biǎo曰yuē:“臣chén以yǐ下xià愚yú,不bù涉shè师shī训xùn,孤gū陋lòu闾lǘ阎yán,面miàn墙qiáng靡mí识shí,谬miù蒙méng询xún逮dǎi,愧kuì惧jù流liú汗hàn。原yuán夫fū礼lǐ者zhě,三sān千qiān之zhī本běn,人rén伦lún之zhī至zhì道dào。故gù用yòng之zhī家jiā国guó,君jūn臣chén以yǐ之zhī尊zūn,父fù子zǐ以yǐ之zhī亲qīn;用yòng之zhī婚hūn冠guān,少shǎo长zhǎng以yǐ之zhī仁rén爱ài,夫fū妻qī以yǐ之zhī义yì顺shùn;用yòng之zhī乡xiāng人rén,友yǒu朋péng以yǐ之zhī三sān益yì,宾bīn主zhǔ以yǐ之zhī敬jìng让ràng。所suǒ谓wèi极jí乎hū天tiān,播bō乎hū地dì,穷qióng高gāo远yuǎn,测cè深shēn厚hòu,莫mò尚shàng于yú礼lǐ也yě。其qí乐lè之zhī五wǔ声shēng,《易yì》之zhī八bā象xiàng,《诗shī》之zhī《风fēng雅yǎ》,《书shū》之zhī《典diǎn诰gào》,《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī微wēi婉wǎn劝quàn惩chéng,无wú不bù本běn乎hū礼lǐ而ér后hòu立lì也yě。其qí源yuán远yuǎn,其qí流liú广guǎng,其qí体tǐ大dà,其qí义yì精jīng,非fēi夫fū睿ruì哲zhé大dà贤xián,孰shú能néng明míng乎hū此cǐ哉zāi。况kuàng遭zāo暴bào秦qín焚fén亡wáng,百bǎi不bù存cún一yī。汉hàn兴xīng,始shǐ征zhēng召zhào故gù老lǎo,搜sōu集jí残cán文wén,其qí体tǐ例lì纰pī缪miù,首shǒu尾wěi脱tuō落luò,难nán可kě详xiáng论lùn。幸xìng高gāo堂táng生shēng颇pǒ识shí旧jiù义yì,诸zhū儒rú各gè为wèi章zhāng句jù之zhī说shuō,既jì明míng不bù独dú达dá,所suǒ见jiàn不bù同tóng,或huò师shī资zī相xiāng传chuán,共gòng枝zhī别bié干gàn。故gù闻wén人rén、二èr戴dài,俱jù事shì后hòu苍cāng,俄é已yǐ分fēn异yì;卢lú植zhí、郑zhèng玄xuán,偕xié学xué马mǎ融róng,人rén各gè名míng象xiàng。又yòu后hòu之zhī学xué者zhě,未wèi逮dǎi曩nǎng时shí,而ér问wèn难nàn星xīng繁fán,充chōng斥chì兼jiān两liǎng,摛chī文wén列liè锦jǐn,焕huàn烂làn可kě观guān。然rán而ér五wǔ服fú之zhī本běn或huò差chà,哀āi敬jìng之zhī制zhì舛chuǎn杂zá,国guó典diǎn未wèi一yī于yú四sì海hǎi,家jiā法fǎ参cān驳bó于yú缙jìn绅shēn,诚chéng宜yí考kǎo详xiáng远yuǎn虑lǜ,以yǐ定dìng皇huáng代dài之zhī盛shèng礼lǐ者zhě也yě。伏fú惟wéi陛bì下xià钦qīn明míng玄xuán圣shèng,同tóng规guī唐táng、虞yú,畴chóu咨zī四sì岳yuè,兴xīng言yán《三sān礼lǐ》,而ér伯bó夷yí未wèi登dēng,微wēi臣chén窃qiè位wèi,所suǒ以yǐ大dà惧jù负fù乘chéng,形xíng神shén交jiāo恶wù者zhě,无wú忘wàng夙sù夜yè矣yǐ。而ér复fù猥wěi充chōng搏bó采cǎi之zhī数shù,与yù闻wén爰yuán发fā之zhī求qiú,实shí无wú以yǐ仰yǎng酬chóu圣shèng旨zhǐ万wàn分fēn之zhī一yī。不bù敢gǎn废fèi默mò,谨jǐn率lǜ管guǎn穴xué所suǒ见jiàn五wǔ十shí二èr事shì上shàng呈chéng。蚩chī鄙bǐ茫máng浪làng,伏fú用yòng竦sǒng赧nǎn。”

明míng年nián,致zhì仕shì,拜bài光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū。归guī老lǎo在zài家jiā,手shǒu不bù释shì卷juàn,博bó学xué多duō通tōng,特tè精jīng《三sān礼lǐ》。谨jǐn于yú奉fèng公gōng,常cháng手shǒu抄chāo书shū籍jí。二èr十shí八bā年nián,卒zú,时shí年nián八bā十shí三sān。

史shǐ臣chén曰yuē:选xuǎn贤xián于yú野yě,则zé治zhì身shēn业yè弘hóng;求qiú士shì子zi朝cháo,则zé饰shì智zhì风fēng起qǐ。《六liù经jīng》奥ào远yuǎn,方fāng轨guǐ之zhī正zhèng路lù;百bǎi家jiā浅qiǎn末mò,捷jié至zhì之zhī偏piān道dào。汉hàn世shì登dēng士shì,闾lǘ党dǎng为wèi先xiān,崇chóng本běn务wù学xué,不bù尚shàng浮fú诡guǐ,然rán后hòu可kě以yǐ俯fǔ拾shí青qīng组zǔ,顾gù蔑miè籝yíng金jīn。于yú是shì人rén厉lì从cóng师shī之zhī志zhì,家jiā竞jìng专zhuān门mén之zhī术shù,艺yì重zhòng当dāng时shí,所suǒ居jū一yí旦dàn成chéng市shì,黉hóng舍shě暂zàn启qǐ,著zhù录lù或huò至zhì万wàn人rén。是shì故gù仕shì以yǐ学xué成chéng,身shēn由yóu义yì立lì。自zì魏wèi氏shì膺yīng命mìng,主zhǔ爱ài雕diāo虫chóng,家jiā弃qì章zhāng句jù,人rén重zhòng异yì术shù。又yòu选xuǎn贤xián进jìn士shì,不bù本běn乡xiāng闾lǘ,铨quán衡héng之zhī寄jì,任rèn归guī台tái阁gé。以yǐ一yī人rén之zhī耳ěr目mù,究jiū山shān川chuān之zhī险xiǎn情qíng,贤xián否fǒu臆yì断duàn,万wàn不bù值zhí一yī。由yóu是shì仕shì凭píng借jiè誉yù,学xué非fēi为wèi己jǐ,崇chóng诡guǐ遇yù之zhī巧qiǎo速sù,鄙bǐ税shuì驾jià之zhī迟chí难nán,士shì自zì此cǐ委wěi笥sì植zhí《经jīng》,各gè从cóng所suǒ务wù,早zǎo往wǎng晏yàn退tuì,以yǐ取qǔ世shì资zī。庠xiáng序xù黉hóng校xiào之zhī士shì,传chuán经jīng聚jù徒tú之zhī业yè,自zì黄huáng初chū至zhì于yú晋jìn末mò,百bǎi余yú年nián中zhōng,儒rú教jiào尽jǐn矣yǐ。高gāo祖zǔ受shòu命mìng,议yì创chuàng国guó学xué,宫gōng车chē早zǎo晏yàn,道dào未wèi及jí行xíng。迄qì于yú元yuán嘉jiā,甫fǔ获huò克kè就jiù,雅yǎ风fēng盛shèng烈liè,未wèi及jí曩nǎng时shí,而ér济jì济jì焉yān,颇pǒ有yǒu前qián王wáng之zhī遗yí典diǎn。天tiān子zi鸾luán旗qí警jǐng跸bì,清qīng道dào而ér临lín学xué馆guǎn,储chǔ后hòu冕miǎn旒liú黼fǔ黻fú,北běi面miàn而ér礼lǐ先xiān师shī,后hòu生shēng所suǒ不bù尝cháng闻wén,黄huáng发fā未wèi之zhī前qián睹dǔ,亦yì一yí代dài之zhī盛shèng也yě。臧zāng焘dào、徐xú广guǎng、傅fù隆lóng、裴péi松sōng之zhī、何hé承chéng天tiān、雷léi次cì宗zōng,并bìng服fú膺yīng圣shèng哲zhé,不bù为wèi雅yǎ俗sú推tuī移yí,立lì名míng于yú世shì,宜yí矣yǐ。颍yǐng川chuān庾yǔ蔚wèi之zhī、雁yàn门mén周zhōu野yě王wáng、汝rǔ南nán周zhōu王wáng子zǐ、河hé内nèi向xiàng琰yǎn、会huì稽jī贺hè道dào养yǎng,皆jiē托tuō志zhì经jīng书shū,见jiàn称chēng于yú后hòu学xué。蔚wèi之zhī略lüè解jiě《礼lǐ记jì》,并bìng注zhù贺hè循xún《丧sāng服fú》,行xíng于yú世shì云yún。

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