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列liè传zhuàn逸yì士shì第dì七qī十shí八bā 眭suī夸kuā冯féng亮liàng李lǐ谧mì郑zhèng修xiū

盖gài兼jiān济jì独dú善shàn,显xiǎn晦huì之zhī殊shū,其qí事shì不bù同tóng,由yóu来lái久jiǔ矣yǐ。昔xī夷yí齐qí获huò全quán于yú周zhōu武wǔ,华huá矞yù和hé不bù容róng于yú太tài公gōng ,何hé哉zāi?求qiú其qí心xīn者zhě,许xǔ以yǐ激jī贪tān之zhī用yòng;督dū其qí迹jì者zhě,以yǐ为wéi束shù教jiào之zhī风fēng。而ér肥féi遁dùn不bù反fǎn,代dài有yǒu人rén矣yǐ。夷yí情qíng得dé丧sàng,忘wàng怀huái累lèi有yǒu。比bǐ夫fū迈mài德dé弘hóng道dào,匡kuāng俗sú庇bì民mín,可kě得dé而ér小xiǎo,不bù可kě得dé而ér忽hū也yě。自zì叔shū世shì浇jiāo浮fú,淳chún风fēng殆dài尽jìn,锥zhuī刀dāo之zhī末mò,竞jìng入rù成chéng群qún,而ér能néng冥míng心xīn物wù表biǎo,介jiè然rán离lí俗sú,望wàng古gǔ独dú适shì,求qiú友yǒu千qiān龄líng,亦yì异yì人rén矣yǐ。何hé必bì御yù霞xiá乘chéng云yún而ér追zhuī日rì月yuè,穷qióng极jí天tiān地dì,始shǐ为wèi超chāo远yuǎn哉zāi。今jīn录lù眭suī夸kuā等děng为wèi《逸yì士shì传chuán》。

眭suī夸kuā,一yī名míng昶chǎng,赵zhào郡jùn高gāo邑yì人rén也yě。祖zǔ迈mài,晋jìn东dōng海hǎi王wáng越yuè军jūn谋móu掾yuàn,后hòu没méi石shí勒lēi为wèi徐xú州zhōu刺cì史shǐ。父fù邃suì ,字zì怀huái道dào,慕mù容róng宝bǎo中zhōng书shū令lìng。夸kuā少shǎo有yǒu大dà度dù,不bù拘jū小xiǎo节jié,耽dān志zhì书shū传chuán,未wèi曾céng以yǐ世shì务wù经jīng心xīn。好hǎo饮yǐn酒jiǔ,浩hào然rán物wù表biǎo。年nián二èr十shí遭zāo父fù丧sàng,须xū鬓bìn致zhì白bái,每měi一yī悲bēi哭kū,闻wén者zhě为wèi之zhī流liú涕tì。高gāo尚shàng不bù仕shì,寄jì情qíng丘qiū壑hè。同tóng郡jùn李lǐ顺shùn愿yuàn与yǔ之zhī交jiāo,夸kuā拒jù而ér不bù许xǔ。邦bāng国guó少shǎo长zhǎng莫mò不bù惮dàn之zhī。

少shǎo与yǔ崔cuī浩hào为wèi莫mò逆nì之zhī交jiāo。浩hào为wèi司sī徒tú,奏zòu征zhēng为wèi其qí中zhōng郎láng,辞cí疾jí不bù赴fù。州zhōu郡jùn逼bī遣qiǎn,不bù得dé已yǐ,入rù京jīng都dū。与yǔ浩hào相xiāng见jiàn ,延yán留liú数shù日rì,惟wéi饮yǐn酒jiǔ谈tán叙xù平píng生shēng,不bù及jí世shì利lì。浩hào每měi欲yù论lùn屈qū之zhī,竟jìng不bù能néng发fā言yán。其qí见jiàn敬jìng惮dàn如rú此cǐ。浩hào后hòu遂suì投tóu诏zhào书shū于yú夸kuā怀huái,亦yì不bù开kāi口kǒu。夸kuā曰yuē:“桃táo简jiǎn,卿qīng已yǐ为wèi司sī徒tú,何hé足zú以yǐ此cǐ劳láo国guó士shì也yě。吾wú便biàn于yú此cǐ将jiāng别bié。”桃táo简jiǎn,浩hào小xiǎo名míng也yě。浩hào虑lǜ夸kuā即jí还hái。时shí乘chéng一yī骡luó,更gèng无wú兼jiān骑qí,浩hào乃nǎi以yǐ夸kuā骡luó内nèi之zhī厩jiù中zhōng,冀jì相xiāng维wéi絷zhí。夸kuā遂suì托tuō乡xiāng人rén输shū租zū者zhě,谬miù为wèi御yù车chē,乃nǎi得dé出chū关guān。浩hào知zhī而ér叹tàn曰yuē:“眭suī夸kuā独dú行xíng士shì,本běn不bù应yīng以yǐ小xiǎo职zhí辱rǔ之zhī。又yòu使shǐ其qí人rén仗zhàng策cè复fù路lù,吾wú当dāng何hé辞cí以yǐ谢xiè也yě。”时shí朝cháo法fǎ甚shèn峻jùn,夸kuā既jì私sī还hái,将jiāng有yǒu私sī归guī之zhī咎jiù。浩hào仍réng相xiāng左zuǒ右yòu,始shǐ得dé无wú坐zuò。经jīng年nián,送sòng夸kuā本běn骡luó,兼jiān遗yí以yǐ所suǒ乘chéng马mǎ,为wèi书shū谢xiè之zhī。夸kuā更gèng不bù受shòu其qí骡luó马mǎ,亦yì不bù复fù书shū。及jí浩hào诛zhū,为wèi之zhī素sù服fú,受shòu乡xiāng人rén吊diào唁yàn,经jīng一yī时shí乃nǎi止zhǐ。叹tàn曰yuē:“崔cuī公gōng既jì死sǐ,谁shuí能néng更gèng容róng眭suī夸kuā!”遂suì作zuò《朋péng友yǒu篇piān》,辞cí义yì为wéi时shí人rén所suǒ称chēng。

妇fù父fù钜jù鹿lù魏wèi攀pān,当dāng时shí名míng达dá之zhī士shì。未wèi尝cháng备bèi婿xù之zhī尝cháng,情qíng同tóng朋péng好hǎo。或huò人rén谓wèi夸kuā曰yuē:“吾wú闻wén有yǒu大dà才cái者zhě必bì居jū贵guì仕shì,子zi何hé独dú在zài桑sāng榆yú乎hū?”遂suì著zhù《知zhī命mìng论lùn》以yǐ释shì之zhī。年nián七qī十shí五wǔ卒zú。葬zàng日rì,赴fù会huì者zhě如rú市shì。无wú子zi。

冯féng亮liàng,字zì灵líng通tōng,南nán阳yáng人rén,萧xiāo衍yǎn平píng北běi将jiāng军jūn蔡cài道dào恭gōng之zhī甥shēng也yě。少shǎo傅fù览lǎn诸zhū书shū,又yòu笃dǔ好hǎo佛fú理lǐ。随suí道dào恭gōng至zhì义yì阳yáng,会huì中zhōng山shān王wáng英yīng平píng义yì阳yáng而ér获huò焉yān。英yīng素sù闻wén其qí名míng,以yǐ礼lǐ待dài接jiē。亮liàng性xìng清qīng净jìng,至zhì洛luò,隐yǐn居jū崧sōng高gāo,感gǎn英yīng之zhī德dé,以yǐ时shí展zhǎn勤qín。及jí英yīng亡wáng,亮liàng奔bēn赴fù,尽jǐn其qí哀āi恸tòng。

世shì宗zōng尝cháng召zhào以yǐ为wéi羽yǔ林lín监jiān,领lǐng中zhōng书shū舍shě人rén,将jiàng令lìng侍shì讲jiǎng《十shí地dì》诸zhū经jīng,因yīn辞cí不bù拜bài。又yòu欲yù使shǐ衣yī帻zé入rù见jiàn,亮liàng苦kǔ求qiú以yǐ幅fú巾jīn就jiù朝cháo,遂suì不bù强qiǎng逼bī。还hái山shān数shù年nián,与yǔ僧sēng徒tú礼lǐ诵sòng为wèi业yè,蔬shū食shí饮yǐn水shuǐ,有yǒu终zhōng焉yān之zhī志zhì。会huì逆nì人rén王wáng敞chǎng事shì发fā,连lián山shān中zhōng沙shā门mén,而ér亮liàng被bèi执zhí赴fù尚shàng书shū省shěng,十shí余yú日rì,诏zhào特tè免miǎn雪xuě。亮liàng不bù敢gǎn还hái山shān,遂suì寓yù居jū景jǐng明míng寺sì。敕chì给gěi衣yī食shí及jí其qí从cóng者zhě数shù人rén。后hòu思sī其qí旧jiù居jū,复fù还hái山shān室shì。亮liàng既jì雅yǎ爱ài山shān水shuǐ,又yòu兼jiān巧qiǎo思sī,结jié架jià岩yán林lín,甚shèn得dé栖qī游yóu之zhī适shì,颇pǒ以yǐ此cǐ闻wén。世shì宗zōng给gěi其qí工gōng力lì,令lìng与yǔ沙shā门mén统tǒng僧sēng暹xiān、河hé南nán尹yǐn甄zhēn琛chēn等děng,周zhōu视shì崧sōng高gāo形xíng胜shèng之zhī处chù,遂suì造zào闲xián居jū佛fó寺sì。林lín泉quán既jì奇qí,营yíng制zhì又yòu美měi,曲qū尽jǐn山shān居jū之zhī妙miào。亮liàng时shí出chū京jīng师shī。延yán昌chāng二èr年nián冬dōng,因yīn遇yù笃dǔ疾jí,世shì宗zōng敕chì以yǐ马mǎ舆yú送sòng令lìng还hái山shān,居jū崧sōng高gāo道dào场chǎng寺sì。数shù日rì而ér卒zú。诏zhào赠zèng帛bó二èr百bǎi匹pǐ,以yǐ供gōng凶xiōng事shì。遗yí诫jiè兄xiōng子zi综zōng,敛liǎn以yǐ衣yī幍tāo,左zuǒ手shǒu持chí板bǎn,右yòu手shǒu执zhí《孝xiào经jīng》一yī卷juàn,置zhì尸shī盘pán石shí上shàng,去qù人rén数shù里lǐ外wài。积jī十shí余yú日rì,乃nǎi焚fén于yú山shān。以yǐ灰huī烬jìn处chù,起qǐ佛fó塔tǎ经jīng藏cáng。

初chū,亮liàng以yǐ盛shèng冬dōng丧sàng,时shí连lián日rì骤zhòu雪xuě,穷qióng山shān荒huāng润rùn,鸟niǎo兽shòu饥jī窘jiǒng,僵jiāng尸shī山shān野yě,无wú所suǒ防fáng护hù。时shí寿shòu春chūn道dào人rén惠huì需xū,每měi旦dàn往wǎng看kàn其qí尸shī,拂fú去qù尘chén霰xiàn。禽qín虫chóng之zhī迹jì,交jiāo横héng左zuǒ右yòu,而ér初chū无wú侵qīn毁huǐ,衣yī服fú如rú本běn,惟wéi风fēng吹chuī幍tāo巾jīn。又yòu以yǐ亮liàng识shí旧jiù南nán方fāng法fǎ师shī信xìn大dà栗lì十shí枚méi,言yán期qī之zhī将jiāng来lái十shí地dì果guǒ报bào,开kāi亮liàng手shǒu以yǐ置zhì把bǎ中zhōng。经jīng宿sù,乃nǎi为wèi虫chóng鸟niǎo盗dào食shí,皮pí壳ké在zài地dì,而ér亦yì不bù伤shāng肌jī体tǐ。焚fén燎liáo之zhī日rì,有yǒu素sù雾wù蓊wěng郁yù,回huí绕rào其qí傍bàng,自zì地dì属shǔ天tiān,弥mí朝cháo不bù绝jué。山shān中zhōng道dào俗sú营yíng助zhù者zhě百bǎi余yú人rén,莫mò不bù异yì焉yān。

李lǐ谧mì,字zì永yǒng和hé,赵zhào涿zhuō人rén,相xiāng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ安ān世shì之zhī子zi。少shǎo好hào学xué,博bó通tōng诸zhū经jīng,周zhōu览lǎn百bǎi氏shì。初chū师shī事shì小xiǎo学xué博bó士shì孔kǒng璠fán。数shù年nián后hòu,璠fán还hái就jiù谧mì请qǐng业yè。同tóng门mén生shēng为wèi之zhī语yǔ曰yuē:“青qīng成chéng蓝lán,蓝lán谢xiè青qīng,师shī何hé常cháng,在zài明míng经jīng。”谧mì以yǐ公gōng子zi征zhēng拜bài著zhù作zuò佐zuǒ郎láng,辞cí以yǐ授shòu弟dì郁yù,诏zhào许xǔ之zhī。州zhōu再zài举jǔ秀xiù才cái,公gōng府fǔ二èr辟pì,并bìng不bù就jiù。惟wéi以yǐ琴qín书shū为wèi业yè,有yǒu绝jué世shì之zhī心xīn。览lǎn《考kǎo工gōng记jì》、《大dà戴dài礼lǐ盛shèng德dé篇piān》,以yǐ明míng堂táng之zhī制zhì不bù同tóng,遂suì著zhù《明míng堂táng制zhì度dù论lùn》曰yuē:

余yú谓wèi论lùn事shì辨biàn物wù,当dāng取qǔ正zhèng于yú经jīng典diǎn之zhī真zhēn文wén;援yuán证zhèng定dìng疑yí,必bì有yǒu验yàn于yú周zhōu孔kǒng之zhī遗yí训xùn。然rán后hòu可kě以yǐ称chēng准zhǔn的de矣yǐ。今jīn礼lǐ文wén残cán缺quē,圣shèng言yán靡mí存cún,明míng堂táng之zhī制zhì,谁shuí使shǐ正zhèng之zhī。是shì以yǐ后hòu人rén纷fēn纠jiū,竞jìng兴xīng异yì论lùn,五wǔ九jiǔ之zhī说shuō,各gè信xìn其qí习xí。是shì非fēi无wú淮huái,得dé失shī相xiāng半bàn。故gù历lì代dài纷fēn纭yún,靡mí所suǒ取qǔ正zhèng。乃nǎi使shǐ裴péi頠wěi云yún:“今jīn群qún儒rú纷fēn纠jiū,互hù相xiāng掎jǐ摭zhí,就jiù令lìng其qí象xiàng可kě得dé而ér图tú,其qí所suǒ以yǐ居jū用yòng之zhī礼lǐ莫mò能néng通tōng也yě,为wèi设shè虚xū器qì耳ěr,况kuàng汉hàn氏shì所suǒ作zuò,四sì维wéi之zhī个gè,复fù不bù能néng令lìng各gè处chù其qí辰chén。愚yú以yǐ为wéi尊zūn祖zǔ配pèi天tiān,其qí仪yí明míng著zhù;庙miào宇yǔ之zhī制zhì,理lǐ据jù未wèi分fēn。直zhí可kě为wèi殿diàn屋wū以yǐ崇chóng严yán父fù之zhī祀sì,其qí余yú杂zá碎suì一yī皆jiē除chú之zhī。”斯sī岂qǐ不bù以yǐ群qún儒rú舛chuǎn互hù,并bìng乖guāi其qí实shí,据jù义yì求qiú衷zhōng,莫mò适shì可kě从cóng哉zāi?但dàn恨hèn典diǎn文wén残cán灭miè,求qiú之zhī靡mí据jù而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。乃nǎi复fù遂suì去qù室shì牖yǒu诸zhū制zhì。施shī之zhī于yú教jiào,未wèi知zhī其qí所suǒ隆lóng政zhèng;求qiú之zhī于yú情qíng,未wèi可kě喻yù其qí所suǒ以yǐ必bì须xū。惜xī哉zāi言yán乎hū!仲zhòng尼ní有yǒu言yán曰yuē:“赐cì也yě,尔ěr爱ài其qí羊yáng,我wǒ爱ài其qí礼lǐ。”余yú以yǐ为wéi隆lóng政zhèng必bì须xū其qí礼lǐ,岂qǐ彼bǐ一yī羊yáng哉zāi!推tuī此cǐ而ér论lùn,则zé圣shèng人rén之zhī于yú礼lǐ,殷yīn勤qín而ér重zhòng之zhī,裴péi頠wěi之zhī于yú礼lǐ,任rèn意yì而ér忽hū之zhī。是shì则zé頠wěi贤xián于yú仲zhòng尼ní矣yǐ。以yǐ斯sī观guān之zhī,裴péi氏shì之zhī子zi以yǐ不bù达dá而ér失shī礼lǐ之zhī旨zhǐ也yě。余yú窃qiè不bù自zì量liàng,颇pǒ有yǒu鄙bǐ意yì,据jù理lǐ寻xún义yì,以yǐ求qiú其qí真zhēn,贵guì合hé雅yǎ衷zhōng,不bù苟gǒu偏piān信xìn。乃nǎi藉jí之zhī以yǐ《礼lǐ传chuán》,考kǎo之zhī以yǐ训xùn注zhù,博bó采cǎi先xiān贤xián之zhī言yán,广guǎng搜sōu通tōng儒rú之zhī说shuō,量liàng其qí当dāng否fǒu,参cān其qí同tóng异yì,弃qì其qí所suǒ短duǎn,收shōu其qí所suǒ长zhǎng,推tuī义yì察chá图tú,以yǐ折zhé厥jué衷zhōng,岂qǐ敢gǎn必bì善shàn,聊liáo亦yì合hé其qí言yán志zhì矣yǐ。

凡fán论lùn明míng堂táng之zhī制zhì者zhě虽suī众zhòng,然rán校xiào其qí大dà略lüè,则zé二èr途tú而ér已yǐ。言yán五wǔ室shì者zhě,则zé据jù《周zhōu礼lǐ考kǎo工gōng》之zhī记jì以yǐ为wéi本běn,是shì康kāng成chéng之zhī徒tú所suǒ执zhí;言yán九jiǔ室shì者zhě,则zé案àn《大dà戴dài盛shèng德dé》之zhī篇piān以yǐ为wéi源yuán,是shì伯bó喈jiē之zhī论lùn所suǒ持chí。此cǐ之zhī二èr书shū,虽suī非fēi圣shèng言yán,然rán是shì先xiān贤xián之zhī中zhōng博bó见jiàn洽qià通tōng者zhě也yě。但dàn名míng记jì所suǒ闻wén,未wèi能néng全quán正zhèng,可kě谓wèi既jì尽jǐn美měi矣yǐ,未wèi尽jǐn善shàn也yě。而ér先xiān儒rú不bù能néng考kǎo其qí当dāng否fǒu,便biàn各gè是shì所suǒ习xí,卒zú相xiāng非fēi毁huǐ,岂qǐ达dá士shì之zhī确què论lùn哉zāi?小xiǎo戴dài氏shì传chuán礼lǐ事shì四sì十shí九jiǔ篇piān,号hào曰yuē《礼lǐ记jì》,虽suī未wèi能néng全quán当dāng,然rán多duō得dé其qí衷zhōng,方fāng之zhī前qián贤xián,亦yì无wú愧kuì矣yǐ。而ér《月yuè令lìng》、《玉yù藻zǎo》、《明míng堂táng》三sān篇piān,颇pǒ有yǒu明míng堂táng之zhī义yì,余yú故gù扌shou采cǎi掇duō二èr家jiā,参cān之zhī《月yuè令lìng》,以yǐ为wéi明míng堂táng五wǔ室shì,古gǔ今jīn通tōng则zé。其qí室shì居jū中zhōng者zhě谓wèi之zhī太tài庙miào,太tài庙miào之zhī东dōng者zhě谓wèi之zhī青qīng阳yáng,当dāng太tài室shì之zhī西xī南nán者zhě谓wèi之zhī明míng堂táng,当dāng太tài室shì之zhī者zhě谓wèi之zhī总zǒng章zhāng,当dāng太tài室shì之zhī北běi西xī者zhě谓wèi之zhī玄xuán堂táng;四sì面miàn之zhī室shì,各gè有yǒu夹jiā房fáng,谓wèi之zhī左zuǒ右yòu个gè,三sān十shí六liù户hù七qī十shí二èr牖yǒu矣yǐ。室shì个gè之zhī形xíng,今jīn之zhī殿diàn前qián,是shì其qí遗yí像xiàng耳ěr。个gè者zhě,即jí寝qǐn之zhī房fáng也yě。但dàn明míng堂táng与yǔ寝qǐn施shī用yòng既jì殊shū,故gù房fáng、个gè之zhī名míng亦yì随suí事shì而ér迁qiān耳ěr。今jīn粗cū书shū其qí像xiàng,以yǐ见jiàn鄙bǐ意yì,案àn图tú察chá义yì,略lüè可kě验yàn矣yǐ。故gù检jiǎn之zhī五wǔ室shì,则zé义yì明míng于yú《考kǎo工gōng》;校xiào之zhī户hù牖yǒu,则zé数shù协xié于yú《盛shèng德dé》;考kǎo之zhī施shī用yòng,则zé事shì著zhù于yú《月yuè令lìng》;求qiú之zhī闰rùn也yě,合hé《周zhōu礼lǐ》与yǔ《玉yù藻zǎo》。既jì同tóng夏xià殷yīn,又yòu符fú周zhōu秦qín,虽suī乖guāi众zhòng儒rú,傥tǎng或huò在zài斯sī矣yǐ。

《考kǎo工gōng记jì》曰yuē:“周zhōu人rén明míng堂táng,度dù以yǐ九jiǔ尺chǐ之zhī筵yán,东dōng西xī九jiǔ筵yán,南nán北běi七qī筵yán,堂táng崇chóng一yī筵yán。五wǔ室shì,凡fán室shì二èr筵yán。室shì中zhōng度dù以yǐ几jǐ,堂táng上shàng度dù以yǐ筵yán。”余yú谓wèi《记jì》得dé之zhī于yú五wǔ室shì,而ér谬miù于yú堂táng之zhī修xiū广guǎng。何hé者zhě?当dāng以yǐ理lǐ推tuī之zhī,令lìng惬qiè古gǔ今jīn之zhī情qíng也yě。夫fū明míng堂táng者zhě,盖gài所suǒ以yǐ告gào月yuè朔shuò、布bù时shí令lìng、宗zōng文wén王wáng、祀sì五wǔ帝dì者zhě也yě。然rán营yíng构gòu之zhī范fàn,自zì当dāng因yīn宜yí创chuàng制zhì耳ěr。故gù五wǔ室shì者zhě合hé于yú五wǔ帝dì各gè居jū一yī室shì之zhī义yì。且qiě四sì时shí之zhī祀sì,皆jiē据jù其qí方fāng之zhī正zhèng。又yòu听tīng朔shuò布bù令lìng,咸xián得dé其qí月yuè之zhī辰chén。可kě请qǐng施shī政zhèng及jí记jì,二èr三sān俱jù允yǔn,求qiú之zhī古gǔ义yì,窃qiè为wèi当dāng矣yǐ。

郑zhèng康kāng成chéng汉hàn末mò之zhī通tōng儒rú,后hòu学xué所suǒ宗zōng正zhèng,释shì五wǔ室shì之zhī位wèi,谓wèi土tǔ居jū中zhōng,木mù火huǒ金jīn水shuǐ各gè居jū四sì维wéi。然rán四sì维wéi之zhī室shì既jì乖guāi其qí正zhèng,施shī令lìng听tīng朔shuò各gè失shī厥jué衷zhōng。左zuǒ右yòu之zhī个gè,弃qì而ér不bù顾gù,乃nǎi反fǎn文wén之zhī以yǐ美měi说shuō,饰shì之zhī以yǐ巧qiǎo辞cí,言yán水shuǐ木mù用yòng事shì交jiāo于yú东dōng北běi,木mù火huǒ用yòng事shì交jiāo于yú东dōng南nán,火huǒ土tǔ用yòng事shì交jiāo于yú西xī南nán,金jīn水shuǐ用yòng事shì交jiāo于yú西xī北běi。既jì依yī五wǔ行xíng,当dāng从cóng其qí,用yòng事shì之zhī交jiāo,出chū何hé经jīng典diǎn?可kě谓wèi攻gōng于yú异yì端duān,言yán非fēi而ér博bó,疑yí误wù后hòu学xué,非fēi所suǒ望wàng于yú先xiān儒rú也yě!《礼lǐ记jì玉yù藻zǎo》曰yuē,天tiān子zi“听tīng朔shuò于yú南nán门mén之zhī外wài,闰rùn月yuè则zé阖hé门mén左zuǒ扉fēi,立lì于yú其qí中zhōng”。郑zhèng玄xuán注zhù曰yuē:“天tiān子zi之zhī庙miào及jí路lù寝qǐn,皆jiē如rú明míng堂táng制zhì。明míng堂táng在zài国guó之zhī阳yáng,每měi月yuè就jiù其qí时shí之zhī堂táng而ér听tīng朔shuò焉yān。卒zú事shì,反fǎn宿sù路lù寝qǐn亦yì如rú之zhī。闰rùn月yuè非fēi常cháng月yuè,听tīng其qí朔shuò于yú明míng堂táng门mén下xià,还hái处chù路lù寝qǐn门mén终zhōng月yuè也yě。”而ér《考kǎo工gōng记jì》“周zhōu人rén明míng堂táng”,玄xuán注zhù曰yuē:“或huò举jǔ王wáng寝qǐn,或huò举jǔ明míng堂táng,互hù言yán之zhī以yǐ明míng其qí制zhì同tóng也yě。”其qí同tóng制zhì之zhī言yán皆jiē出chū郑zhèng注zhù。然rán则zé明míng堂táng与yǔ寝qǐn不bù得dé异yì矣yǐ。而ér《尚shàng书shū顾gù命mìng篇piān》曰yuē:“迎yíng子zi钊zhāo南nán门mén之zhī外wài,延yán入rù翼yì室shì。”此cǐ之zhī翼yì室shì,即jí路lù寝qǐn矣yǐ。其qí下xià曰yuē“大dà贝bèi贲bēn鼓gǔ在zài西xī房fáng”,“重zhòng之zhī竹zhú矢shǐ在zài东dōng房fáng”,此cǐ则zé路lù寝qǐn有yǒu左zuǒ右yòu房fáng见jiàn于yú经jīng史shǐ者zhě也yě。《礼lǐ记jì》《丧sàng大dà记jì》曰yuē,“君jūn夫fū人rén卒zú于yú路lù寝qǐn”,小xiǎo敛liǎn,“妇fù人rén髽zhuā带dài麻má于yú房fáng中zhōng。”郑zhèng玄xuán注zhù曰yuē:“此cǐ盖gài诸zhū侯hóu礼lǐ,带dài麻má于yú房fáng中zhōng,则zé西xī南nán。”天tiān子zi诸zhū侯hóu左zuǒ右yòu房fáng见jiàn于yú注zhù者zhě也yě。论lùn路lù寝qǐn则zé明míng其qí左zuǒ右yòu房fáng,言yán明míng堂táng则zé阙quē其qí左zuǒ右yòu个gè,同tóng制zhì之zhī说shuō还hái相xiāng矛máo盾dùn,通tōng儒rú之zhī注zhù,何hé其qí然rán乎hū?使shǐ九jiǔ室shì之zhī徒tú奋fèn笔bǐ而ér争zhēng锋fēng者zhě,岂qǐ不bù由yóu处chù室shì之zhī不bù当dàng哉zāi?

《记jì》云yún:东dōng西xī九jiǔ筵yán,南nán北běi七qī筵yán,五wǔ室shì凡fán室shì二èr筵yán。置zhì五wǔ室shì于yú斯sī堂táng,虽suī便biàn班bān、倕chuí构gòu思sī,王wáng尔ěr营yíng度dù,则zé不bù能néng令lìng三sān室shì不bù居jū其qí南nán北běi也yě。然rán则zé三sān室shì之zhī间jiān,便biàn居jū六liù筵yán之zhī地dì,而ér室shì壁bì之zhī外wài裁cái有yǒu四sì尺chǐ五wǔ寸cùn之zhī堂táng焉yān。岂qǐ有yǒu天tiān子zi布bù政zhèng施shī令lìng之zhī所suǒ,宗zōng祀sì文wén王wáng以yǐ配pèi上shàng帝dì之zhī堂táng,周zhōu公gōng负fù扆yǐ以yǐ朝cháo诸zhū侯hóu之zhī处chù,而ér室shì户hù之zhī外wài仅jǐn余yú四sì尺chǐ而ér已yǐ哉zāi?假jiǎ在zài俭jiǎn矣yǐ,为wèi陋lòu过guò约yuē。论lùn其qí堂táng宇yǔ则zé偏piān而ér非fēi制zhì,求qiú之zhī道dào理lǐ则zé未wèi惬qiè人rén情qíng,其qí不bù然rán一yī也yě。

余yú恐kǒng为wèi郑zhèng学xué者zhě,苟gǒu求qiú必bì胜shèng,竞jìng生shēng异yì端duān以yǐ相xiāng訾zī抑yì。云yún二èr筵yán者zhě,乃nǎi室shì之zhī东dōng西xī耳ěr,南nán北běi则zé狭xiá焉yān。余yú故gù备bèi论lùn之zhī曰yuē:“若ruò东dōng西xī二èr筵yán,则zé室shì户hù之zhī外wài为wèi丈zhàng三sān尺chǐ五wǔ寸cùn矣yǐ。南nán北běi外wài复fù如rú此cǐ,则zé三sān室shì之zhī中zhōng南nán北běi裁cái各gè丈zhàng二èr尺chǐ耳ěr。《记jì》云yún:“四sì房fáng两liǎng夹jiā窗chuāng。”若ruò为wèi三sān尺chǐ之zhī户hù,二èr尺chǐ之zhī窗chuāng,窗chuāng户hù之zhī间jiān,裁cái盈yíng一yī尺chǐ。绳shéng枢shū甕wèng牖yǒu之zhī室shì,华huá门mén圭guī窦dòu之zhī堂táng,尚shàng不bù然rán矣yǐ。假jiǎ令lìng复fù欲yù小xiǎo广guǎng之zhī,则zé四sì面miàn之zhī外wài阔kuò狭xiá不bù齐qí,东dōng西xī既jì深shēn,南nán北běi更gèng浅qiǎn,屋wū宇yǔ之zhī制zhì,不bù为wèi通tōng矣yǐ。验yàn之zhī众zhòng涂tú,略lüè无wú算suàn焉yān。且qiě凡fán室shì二èr筵yán,丈zhàng八bā地dì耳ěr,然rán则zé户hù牖yǒu之zhī间jiān不bù逾yú二èr尺chǐ也yě。《礼lǐ记jì明míng堂táng》:“天tiān子zi负fù斧fǔ扆yǐ南nán向xiàng而ér立lì。”郑zhèng玄xuán注zhù曰yuē:“设shè斧fǔ于yú户hù牖yǒu之zhī间jiān。而ér郑zhèng氏shì《礼lǐ图tú》说shuō扆yǐ制zhì曰yuē:“纵zòng广guǎng八bā尺chǐ,画huà斧fǔ文wén于yú其qí上shàng,今jīn之zhī屏píng风fēng也yě。”以yǐ八bā尺chǐ扆yǐ置zhì二èr尺chǐ之zhī间jiān,此cǐ之zhī叵pǒ通tōng,不bù待dài智zhì者zhě,较jiào然rán可kě见jiàn矣yǐ。且qiě若ruò二èr筵yán之zhī室shì为wèi四sì尺chǐ之zhī户hù,则zé户hù之zhī两liǎng颊jiá裁cái各gè七qī尺chǐ耳ěr,全quán以yǐ置zhì之zhī,犹yóu自zì不bù容róng,矧shěn复fù户hù牖yǒu之zhī间jiān哉zāi?其qí不bù然rán二èr也yě。

又yòu复fù以yǐ世shì代dài检jiǎn之zhī,即jí虞yú夏xià尚shàng朴pǔ,殷yīn周zhōu稍shāo文wén,制zhì造zào之zhī差chà,每měi加jiā崇chóng饰shì。而ér夏xià后hòu世shì室shì,堂táng修xiū二èr七qī,周zhōu人rén之zhī制zhì,反fǎn更gèng促cù狭xiá,岂qǐ是shì夏xià禹yǔ卑bēi宫gōng之zhī意yì,周zhōu监jiān郁yù郁yù之zhī美měi哉zāi?以yǐ斯sī察chá之zhī,其qí不bù然rán三sān也yě。又yòu云yún“堂táng崇chóng一yī筵yán”,便biàn基jī高gāo九jiǔ尺chǐ,而ér壁bì户hù之zhī外wài裁cái四sì尺chǐ五wǔ寸cùn,于yú营yíng制zhì之zhī法fǎ自zì不bù相xiāng称chèn。其qí不bù然rán四sì也yě。又yòu云yún“室shì中zhōng度dù以yǐ几jǐ,堂táng上shàng度dù以yǐ筵yán”,而ér复fù云yún“凡fán室shì二èr筵yán”,而ér不bù以yǐ几jǐ。还hái自zì相xiāng违wéi,其qí不bù然rán五wǔ也yě。以yǐ此cǐ验yàn之zhī,记jì者zhě之zhī谬miù,抑yì可kě见jiàn矣yǐ。

《盛shèng德dé篇piān》云yún:“明míng堂táng凡fán九jiǔ室shì,三sān十shí六liù户hù,七qī十shí二èr牖yǒu,上shàng员yuán下xià方fāng,东dōng西xī九jiǔ仞rèn,南nán北běi七qī筵yán,堂táng高gāo三sān尺chǐ也yě。”余yú谓wèi《盛shèng德dé篇piān》得dé之zhī于yú户hù牖yǒu,失shī之zhī于yú九jiǔ室shì。何hé者zhě?五wǔ室shì之zhī制zhì,傍bàng有yǒu夹jiā房fáng,面miàn各gè有yǒu户hù,户hù有yǒu两liǎng牖yǒu。此cǐ乃nǎi因yīn事shì立lì则zé,非fēi拘jū异yì术shù,户hù牖yǒu之zhī数shù,固gù自zì然rán矣yǐ。九jiǔ室shì者zhě,论lùn之zhī五wǔ帝dì,事shì既jì不bù合hé,施shī之zhī时shí令lìng,又yòu失shī其qí辰chén。左zuǒ右yòu之zhī个gè,重zhòng置zhì一yì隅yú,两liǎng辰chén同tóng处chù,参cēn差cī出chū入rù,斯sī乃nǎi义yì无wú所suǒ据jù,未wèi足zú称chēng也yě。且qiě又yòu堂táng之zhī修xiū广guǎng,裁cái六liù十shí三sān尺chǐ耳ěr。假jiǎ使shǐ四sì尺chǐ五wǔ寸cùn为wèi外wài之zhī其qí,其qí中zhōng五wǔ十shí四sì尺chǐ便biàn是shì五wǔ室shì之zhī地dì。计jì其qí一yī室shì之zhī中zhōng,仅jǐn可kě一yī丈zhàng,置zhì其qí户hù牖yǒu,则zé于yú何hé容róng之zhī哉zāi?若ruò必bì小xiǎo而ér为wèi之zhī,以yǐ容róng其qí数shù,则zé令lìng帝dì王wáng侧cè身shēn而ér入rù,斯sī为wèi怪guài矣yǐ。此cǐ匪fěi直zhí不bù合hé典diǎn制zhì,抑yì亦yì可kě哂shěn之zhī甚shèn也yě。余yú谓wèi其qí九jiǔ室shì之zhī言yán,诚chéng亦yì有yǒu由yóu。然rán窃qiè以yǐ为wéi戴dài氏shì闻wén三sān十shí六liù户hù、七qī十shí二èr牖yǒu,弗fú见jiàn其qí制zhì,靡mí知zhī所suǒ置zhì,便biàn谓wèi一yī室shì有yǒu四sì户hù之zhī窗chuāng,计jì其qí户hù牖yǒu之zhī数shù,即jí以yǐ为wéi九jiǔ室shì耳ěr。或huò未wèi之zhī思sī也yě。蔡cài伯bó喈jiē汉hàn末mò之zhī时shí学xué士shì,而ér见jiàn重zhòng于yú当dāng时shí,即jí识shí其qí修xiū广guǎng之zhī不bù当dàng,而ér必bì未wèi思sī其qí九jiǔ室shì之zhī为wèi谬miù,更gèng修xiū而ér广guǎng之zhī,假jiǎ其qí法fǎ像xiàng。可kě谓wèi因yīn伪wěi饰shì辞cí,顺shùn非fēi而ér泽zé,谅liàng可kě叹tàn矣yǐ。

余yú今jīn省shěng被bèi众zhòng家jiā,委wěi心xīn从cóng善shàn,庶shù探tàn其qí衷zhōng,不bù为wèi苟gǒu异yì。但dàn是shì古gǔ非fēi今jīn,俗sú间jiān之zhī常cháng情qíng;爱ài远yuǎn恶è近jìn,世shì中zhōng之zhī恆héng事shì。而ér千qiān载zài之zhī下xià,独dú论lùn古gǔ制zhì,惊jīng俗sú之zhī谈tán,固gù延yán多duō诮qiào。脱tuō有yǒu深shēn赏shǎng君jūn子zǐ者zhě,览lǎn而ér揣chuāi之zhī,傥tǎng或huò存cún焉yān。

谧mì不bù饮yǐn酒jiǔ,好hǎo音yīn律lǜ,爱ài乐lè山shān水shuǐ,高gāo尚shàng之zhī情qíng,长zhǎng而ér弥mí固gù,一yī遇yù其qí赏shǎng,悠yōu尔ěr忘wàng归guī。乃nǎi作zuò《神shén士shì赋fù》,歌gē曰yuē:“周zhōu孔kǒng重zhòng儒rú教jiào,庄zhuāng老lǎo贵guì无wú为wéi。二èr途tú虽suī如rú异yì,一yī是shì买mǎi声shēng兒ér。生shēng乎hū意yì不bù惬qiè,死sǐ名míng用yòng何hé施shī。可kě心xīn聊liáo自zì乐lè,终zhōng不bù为wéi人rén移yí。脱tuō寻xún余yú志zhì者zhě,陶táo然rán正zhèng若ruò斯sī。”延yán昌chāng四sì年nián卒zú,年nián三sān十shí二èr,遐xiá迩ěr悼dào惜xī之zhī。

其qí年nián,四sì门mén小xiǎo学xué博bó士shì孔kǒng璠fán等děng学xué官guān四sì十shí五wǔ人rén上shàng书shū曰yuē:“窃qiè见jiàn故gù处chǔ士shì赵zhào郡jùn李lǐ谧mì:十shí岁suì丧sàng父fù,哀āi号háo罢bà邻lín人rén之zhī相xiāng;幼yòu事shì兄xiōng瑒chàng,恭gōng顺shùn尽jǐn友yǒu于yú之zhī诚chéng。十shí三sān通tōng《孝xiào经jīng》、《论lún语yǔ》、《毛máo诗shī》、《尚shàng书shū》。历lì数shù之zhī术shù尤yóu尽jǐn其qí长zhǎng,州zhōu闾lǘ乡xiāng党dǎng有yǒu神shén童tóng之zhī号hào。年nián十shí八bā,诣yì学xué受shòu业yè,时shí博bó士shì即jí孔kǒng璠fán也yě。览lǎn始shǐ要yào终zhōng,论lùn端duān究jiū绪xù,授shòu者zhě无wú不bù欣xīn其qí言yán矣yǐ。于yú是shì鸠jiū集jí诸zhū经jīng,广guǎng校xiào同tóng异yì,比bǐ三sān《传chuán》事shì例lì,名míng《春chūn秋qiū丛cóng林lín》,十shí有yǒu二èr卷juǎn。为wèi璠fán等děng判pàn析xī隐yǐn伏fú,垂chuí盈yíng百bǎi条tiáo。滞zhì无wú常cháng滞zhì,纤xiān毫háo必bì举jǔ;通tōng不bù长zhǎng通tōng,有yǒu枉wǎng斯sī屈qū。不bù苟gǒu言yán以yǐ违wéi经jīng,弗fú饰shì辞cí而ér背bèi理lǐ。辞cí气qì磊lěi落luò,观guān者zhě忘wàng疲pí。每měi曰yuē:‘丈zhàng夫fū拥yōng书shū万wàn卷juàn,何hé假jiǎ南nán面miàn百bǎi城chéng。’遂suì绝jué迹jì下xià帏wéi,杜dù门mén却què扫sǎo,弃qì产chǎn营yíng书shū,手shǒu自zì删shān削xuē。卷juǎn无wú重chóng复fù者zhě四sì千qiān有yǒu余yú矣yǐ。犹yóu括kuò次cì专zhuān家jiā,搜sōu比bǐ谠dǎng议yì,隆lóng冬dōng达dá曙shǔ,盛shèng暑shǔ通tōng宵xiāo。虽suī仲zhòng舒shū不bù窥kuī园yuán,君jūn伯bó之zhī闭bì户hù,高gāo氏shì之zhī遗yí漂piāo,张zhāng生shēng之zhī忘wàng食shí,方fāng之zhī斯sī人rén,未wèi足zú为wèi喻yù。谧mì尝cháng诣yì故gù太tài常cháng卿qīng刘liú芳fāng推tuī问wèn音yīn义yì,语yǔ及jí中zhōng代dài兴xīng废fèi之zhī由yóu,芳fāng乃nǎi叹tàn曰yuē:‘君jūn若ruò遇yù高gāo祖zǔ,侍shì中zhōng、太tài常cháng非fēi仆pū有yǒu也yě。’前qián河hé南nán尹yǐn、黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng甄zhēn琛chēn内nèi赞zàn近jìn机jī,朝cháo野yě倾qīng目mù,于yú时shí亲qīn识shí求qiú官guān者zhě,答dá云yún:‘赵zhào郡jùn李lǐ谧mì,耽dān学xué守shǒu道dào,不bù闷mèn于yú时shí,常cháng欲yù致zhì言yán,但dàn未wèi有yǒu次cì耳ěr。诸zhū君jūn何hé为wèi轻qīng自zì媒méi衒xuàn?’谓wèi其qí子zi曰yuē:‘昔xī郑zhèng玄xuán、卢lú植zhí不bù远yuǎn数shù千qiān里lǐ诣yì扶fú风fēng马mǎ融róng,今jīn汝rǔ明míng师shī甚shèn迩ěr,何hé不bù就jiù业yè也yě?’又yòu谓wèi朝cháo士shì曰yuē:‘甄zhēn琛chēn行xíng不bù愧kuì时shí。但dàn未wèi荐jiàn李lǐ谧mì,以yǐ此cǐ负fù朝cháo廷tíng耳ěr。’又yòu结jié宇yǔ依yī岩yán,凭píng崖yá凿záo室shì,方fāng欲yù训xùn彼bǐ青qīng衿jīn,宣xuān扬yáng坟fén典diǎn,冀jì西xī河hé之zhī教jiào重zhòng兴xīng、北běi海hǎi之zhī风fēng不bù坠zhuì。而ér祐yòu善shàn空kōng闻wén,暴bào疾jí而ér卒zú。邦bāng国guó衔xián殄tiǎn悴cuì之zhī哀āi,儒rú生shēng结jié摧cuī梁liáng之zhī慕mù。况kuàng璠fán等děng或huò服fú议yì下xià风fēng,或huò亲qīn承chéng音yīn旨zhǐ,师shī儒rú之zhī义yì,其qí可kě默mò乎hū!”事shì奏zòu,诏zhào曰yuē:“谧mì屡lǚ辞cí征zhēng辟pì,志zhì守shǒu冲chōng素sù,儒rú隐yǐn之zhī操cāo,深shēn可kě嘉jiā美měi。可kě远yuǎn傍bàng惠huì、康kāng,近jìn准zhǔn玄xuán晏yàn,谥shì曰yuē贞zhēn静jìng处chǔ士shì,并bìng表biǎo其qí门mén闾lǘ,以yǐ旌jīng高gāo节jié。”遣qiǎn谒yè者zhě奉fèng册cè,于yú是shì表biǎo其qí门mén曰yuē文wén德dé,里lǐ曰yuē孝xiào义yì云yún。

郑zhèng修xiū,北běi海hǎi人rén也yě。少shǎo隐yǐn于yú岐qí南nán几jǐ谷gǔ中zhōng,依yī岩yán结jié宇yǔ,独dú处chǔ淡dàn然rán,屏bǐng迹jì人rén事shì,不bù交jiāo世shì俗sú,耕gēng食shí水shuǐ饮yǐn,皮pí冠guān草cǎo服fú,雅yǎ好hǎo经jīng史shǐ,专zhuān意yì玄xuán门mén。前qián后hòu州zhōu将jiāng,每měi征zhēng不bù至zhì。岐qí州zhōu刺cì史shǐ魏wèi兰lán根gēn频pín遣qiǎn致zhì命mìng,修xiū不bù得dé已yǐ,暂zàn出chū见jiàn兰lán根gēn,寻xún还hái山shān舍shě。兰lán根gēn申shēn表biǎo荐jiàn修xiū,肃sù宗zōng昭zhāo付fù雍yōng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ萧xiāo宝bǎo夤yín访fǎng实shí以yǐ闻wén。会huì宝bǎo夤yín作zuò逆nì,事shì不bù行xíng。

史shǐ臣chén曰yuē:古gǔ之zhī所suǒ谓wèi隐yǐn逸yì者zhě,非fēi伏fú其qí身shēn而ér不bú见jiàn也yě,非fēi闭bì其qí言yán而ér不bù出chū也yě,非fēi藏cáng其qí智zhì而ér不bù发fā也yě。盖gài以yǐ恬tián淡dàn为wèi心xīn,不bù皦jiǎo不bù昧mèi,安ān时shí处chǔ顺shùn,与yǔ物wù无wú私sī者zhě也yě。眭suī夸kuā辈bèi忘wàng怀huái缨yīng冕miǎn,毕bì志zhì丘qiū园yuán。或huò隐yǐn不bù违wéi亲qīn,贞zhēn不bù绝jué俗sú;或huò不bù教jiào而ér劝quàn,虚xū往wǎng实shí归guī。非fēi有yǒu自zì然rán纯chún德dé,其qí孰shú能néng至zhì于yú此cǐ哉zāi?

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