推荐

第 154 / 184 回

列liè传zhuàn第dì一yì百bǎi一yī十shí八bā

  ○李lǐ纲gāng下xià

  绍shào兴xīng二èr年nián,除chú观guān文wén殿diàn学xué士shì、湖hú广guǎng宣xuān抚fǔ使shǐ兼jiān知zhī潭tán州zhōu。是shì时shí,荆jīng湖hú江jiāng、湘xiāng之zhī间jiān,流liú民mín溃kuì卒zú群qún聚jù为wèi盗dào贼zéi,不bù可kě胜shèng计jì,多duō者zhě至zhì数shù万wàn人rén,纲gāng悉xī荡dàng平píng之zhī。上shàng言yán:“荆jīng湖hú、国guó之zhī上shàng流liú,其qí地dì数shù千qiān里lǐ,诸zhū葛gě亮liàng谓wèi之zhī用yòng武wǔ之zhī国guó。今jīn朝zhāo廷tíng保bǎo有yǒu东dōng南nán,控kòng驭yù西xī北běi。加jiā鼎dǐng、澧lǐ、岳yuè、鄂è若ruò荆jīng南nán一yī带dài,皆jiē当dāng屯tún宿sù重zhòng兵bīng,倚yǐ为wèi形xíng势shì,使shǐ四sì川chuān之zhī号hào令lìng可kě通tōng,而ér襄xiāng、汉hàn之zhī声shēng援yuán可kě接jiē,乃nǎi有yǒu恢huī复fù中zhōng原yuán之zhī渐jiàn。”议yì未wèi及jí行xíng,而ér谏jiàn官guān徐xú俯fǔ、刘liú斐fěi劾hé纲gāng,罢bà为wèi提tí举jǔ西xī京jīng崇chóng福fú宫gōng。

  四sì年nián冬dōng,金jīn人rén及jí伪wěi齐qí来lái攻gōng,纲gāng具jù防fáng御yù三sān策cè,谓wèi:“伪wěi齐qí悉xī兵bīng南nán下xià,境jìng内nèi必bì虚xū。傥tǎng出chū其qí不bù意yì,电diàn发fā霆tíng击jī,捣dǎo颍yǐng昌chāng以yǐ临lín畿jī甸diān,彼bǐ必bì震zhèn惧jù还hái救jiù,王wáng师shī追zhuī蹑niè,必bì胜shèng之zhī理lǐ,此cǐ上shàng策cè也yě。若ruò驻zhù跸bì江jiāng上shàng,号hào召zhào上shàng流liú之zhī兵bīng,顺shùn流liú而ér下xià,以yǐ助zhù声shēng势shì,金jīn鼓gǔ旌jīng旗qí,千qiān里lǐ相xiāng望wàng,则zé敌dí人rén虽suī众zhòng,不bù敢gǎn南nán渡dù。然rán后hòu以yǐ重zhòng师shī进jìn屯tún要yào害hài之zhī地dì,设shè奇qí邀yāo击jī,绝jué其qí粮liáng道dào,俟qí彼bǐ遁dùn归guī,徐xú议yì攻gōng讨tǎo,此cǐ中zhōng策cè也yě。万wàn一yī借jiè亲qīn征zhēng之zhī名míng,为wèi顺shùn动dòng之zhī计jì,使shǐ卒zú伍wǔ溃kuì散sàn,控kòng扼è失shī守shǒu,敌dí得dé乘chéng间jiān深shēn入rù,州zhōu县xiàn望wàng风fēng奔bēn溃kuì,则zé其qí患huàn有yǒu不bù可kě测cè矣yǐ。往wǎng岁suì,金jīn人rén利lì在zài侵qīn掠lüè,又yòu方fāng时shí暑shǔ,势shì必bì还hái师shī,朝cháo廷tíng因yīn得dé以yǐ还huán定dìng安ān集jí。今jīn伪wěi齐qí导dǎo之zhī而ér来lái,势shì不bù徒tú还hái,必bì谋móu割gē据jù。奸jiān民mín溃kuì卒zú从cóng而ér附fù之zhī,声shēng势shì鸱chī张zhāng,苟gǒu或huò退tuì避bì,则zé无wú以yǐ为wéi善shàn后hòu之zhī策cè。昔xī苻fú坚jiān以yǐ百bǎi万wàn众zhòng侵qīn晋jìn,而ér谢xiè安ān以yǐ偏piān师shī破pò之zhī。使shǐ朝cháo廷tíng措cuò置zhì得dé宜yí,将jiàng士shì用yòng命mìng,安ān知zhī北běi敌dí不bù授shòu首shǒu于yú我wǒ?顾gù一yī时shí机jī会huì所suǒ以yǐ应yīng之zhī者zhě如rú何hé耳ěr。望wàng降jiàng臣chén章zhāng与yǔ二èr三sān大dà臣chén熟shú议yì之zhī。”诏zhào:纲gāng所suǒ陈chén,今jīn日rì之zhī急jí务wù,付fù三sān省shěng、枢shū密mì院yuàn施shī行xíng。时shí韩hán世shì忠zhōng屡lǚ败bài金jīn人rén于yú淮huái、楚chǔ间jiān,有yǒu旨zhǐ督dū刘liú光guāng世shì、张zhāng浚jùn统tǒng兵bīng渡dù河hé,车chē驾jià进jìn发fā至zhì江jiāng上shàng劳láo军jūn。

  五wǔ年nián,诏zhào问wèn攻gōng战zhàn、守shǒu备bèi、措cuò置zhì、绥suí怀huái之zhī方fāng,纲gāng奏zòu:

  愿yuàn陛bì下xià勿wù以yǐ敌dí退tuì为wèi可kě喜xǐ,而ér以yǐ仇chóu敌dí未wèi报bào为wèi可kě愤fèn;勿wù以yǐ东dōng南nán为wèi可kě安ān,而ér以yǐ中zhōng原yuán未wèi复fù、赤chì县xiàn神shén州zhōu陷xiàn于yú敌dí国guó为wèi可kě耻chǐ;勿wù以yǐ诸zhū将jiāng屡lǚ捷jié为wèi可kě贺hè,而ér以yǐ军jūn政zhèng未wèi修xiū、士shì气qì未wèi振zhèn而ér强qiáng敌dí犹yóu得dé以yǐ潜qián逃táo为wèi可kě虞yú。则zé中zhōng兴xīng之zhī期qī,可kě指zhǐ日rì而ér俟qí。

  议yì者zhě或huò谓wèi敌dí马mǎ既jì退tuì,当dāng遂suì用yòng兵bīng为wèi大dà举jǔ之zhī计jì,臣chén窃qiè以yǐ为wéi不bù然rán。生shēng理lǐ未wèi固gù,而ér欲yù浪làng战zhàn以yǐ侥jiǎo幸xìng,非fēi制zhì胜shèng之zhī术shù也yě。高gāo祖zǔ先xiān保bǎo关guān中zhōng,故gù能néng东dōng向xiàng与yǔ项xiàng籍jí争zhēng。光guāng武wǔ先xiān保bǎo河hé内nèi,故gù能néng降jiàng赤chì眉méi、铜tóng马mǎ之zhī属shǔ。肃sù宗zōng先xiān保bǎo灵líng武wǔ,故gù能néng破pò安ān、史shǐ而ér复fù两liǎng京jīng。今jīn朝zhāo廷tíng以yǐ东dōng南nán为wèi根gēn本běn,将jiàng士shì暴bào露lù之zhī久jiǔ,财cái用yòng调diào度dù之zhī烦fán,民mín力lì科kē取qǔ之zhī困kùn,苟gǒu不bù大dà修xiū守shǒu备bèi,痛tòng自zì料liào理lǐ,先xiān为wèi自zì固gù之zhī计jì,何hé以yǐ能néng万wàn全quán而ér制zhì敌dí?

  议yì者zhě又yòu谓wèi敌dí人rén既jì退tuì,当dāng且qiě保bǎo据jù一yì隅yú,以yǐ苟gǒu目mù前qián之zhī安ān,臣chén又yòu以yǐ为wéi不bù然rán。秦qín师shī三sān伐fá晋jìn,以yǐ报bào殽xiáo之zhī师shī;诸zhū葛gě亮liàng佐zuǒ蜀shǔ,连lián年nián出chū师shī以yǐ图tú中zhōng原yuán,不bù如rú是shì,不bù足zú以yǐ立lì国guó。高gāo祖zǔ在zài汉hàn中zhōng,谓wèi萧xiāo何hé曰yuē:‘吾wú亦yì欲yù东dōng。’光guāng武wǔ破pò隗kuí嚣xiāo,既jì平píng陇lǒng,复fù望wàng蜀shǔ。此cǐ皆jiē以yǐ天tiān下xià为wèi度dù,不bù如rú是shì,不bù足zú以yǐ混hùn一yī区qū宇yǔ,戡kān定dìng祸huò乱luàn。况kuàng祖zǔ宗zōng境jìng土tǔ,岂qǐ可kě坐zuò视shì沦lún陷xiàn,不bù务wù恢huī复fù乎hū?今jīn岁suì不bù征zhēng,明míng年nián不bù战zhàn,使shǐ敌dí势shì益yì张zhāng,而ér吾wú之zhī所suǒ纠jiū合hé精jīng锐ruì士shì马mǎ,日rì以yǐ损sǔn耗hào,何hé以yǐ图tú敌dí?谓wèi宜yí于yú防fáng守shǒu既jì固gù、军jūn政zhèng既jì修xiū之zhī后hòu,即jí议yì攻gōng讨tǎo,乃nǎi为wèi得dé计jì。此cǐ二èr者zhě,守shǒu备bèi、攻gōng战zhàn之zhī序xù也yě。

  至zhì于yú守shǒu备bèi之zhī宜yí,则zé当dāng科kē理lǐ淮huái南nán、荆jīng襄xiāng,以yǐ为wéi东dōng南nán屏píng蔽bì。夫fū六liù朝cháo之zhī所suǒ以yǐ能néng保bǎo有yǒu江jiāng左zuǒ者zhě,以yǐ强qiáng兵bīng巨jù镇zhèn,尽jǐn在zài淮huái南nán、荆jīng襄xiāng间jiān。故gù以yǐ魏wèi武wǔ之zhī雄xióng,苻fú坚jiān、石shí勒lēi之zhī众zhòng,宇yǔ文wén、拓tuò拔bá之zhī盛shèng,卒zú不bù能néng窥kuī江jiāng表biǎo。后hòu唐táng李lǐ氏shì有yǒu淮huái南nán,则zé可kě以yǐ都dōu金jīn陵líng,其qí后hòu淮huái南nán为wèi周zhōu世shì宗zōng所suǒ取qǔ,遂suì以yǐ削xuē弱ruò。近jìn年nián以yǐ来lái,大dà将jiàng拥yōng重zhòng兵bīng于yú江jiāng南nán,官guān吏lì守shǒu空kōng城chéng于yú江jiāng北běi,虽suī有yǒu天tiān险xiǎn而ér无wú战zhàn舰jiàn水shuǐ军jūn之zhī制zhì,故gù敌dí人rén得dé以yǐ侵qīn扰rǎo窥kuī伺sì。今jīn当dāng于yú淮huái之zhī东dōng西xī及jí荆jīng襄xiāng置zhì三sān大dà帅shuài,屯tún重zhòng兵bīng以yǐ临lín之zhī,分fēn遣qiǎn偏piān师shī,进jìn守shǒu支zhī郡jùn,加jiā以yǐ战zhàn舰jiàn水shuǐ军jūn,上shàng运yùn下xià接jiē,自zì为wèi防fáng守shǒu。敌dí马mǎ虽suī多duō,不bù敢gǎn轻qīng犯fàn,则zé藩fān篱lí之zhī势shì盛shèng而ér无wú穷qióng之zhī利lì也yě。有yǒu守shǒu备bèi矣yǐ,然rán后hòu议yì攻gōng战zhàn之zhī利lì,分fēn责zé诸zhū路lù,因yīn利lì乘chéng便biàn,收shōu复fù京jīng畿jī,以yǐ及jí故gù都dū。断duàn以yǐ必bì为wèi之zhī志zhì而ér勿wù失shī机jī会huì,则zé以yǐ弱ruò为wèi强qiáng,取qǔ威wēi定dìng乱luàn于yú一yī胜shèng之zhī间jiān,逆nì臣chén可kě诛zhū,强qiáng敌dí可kě灭miè,攻gōng战zhàn之zhī利lì,莫mò大dà于yú是shì。

  若ruò夫fú万wàn乘chéng所suǒ居jū,必bì择zé形xíng胜shèng以yǐ为wéi驻zhù跸bì之zhī所suǒ,然rán后hòu能néng制zhì服fú中zhōng外wài,以yǐ图tú事shì业yè。建jiàn康kāng自zì昔xī号hào帝dì王wáng之zhī宅zhái,江jiāng山shān雄xióng壮zhuàng,地dì势shì宽kuān博bó,六liù朝cháo更gèng都dōu之zhī。臣chén昔xī举jǔ天tiān下xià形xíng势shì而ér言yán,谓wèi关guān中zhōng为wèi上shàng,今jīn以yǐ东dōng南nán形xíng势shì而ér言yán,则zé当dāng以yǐ建jiàn康kāng为wèi便biàn。今jīn者zhě,銮luán舆yú未wèi复fù旧jiù都dū,莫mò若ruò且qiě于yú建jiàn康kāng权quán宜yí驻zhù跸bì。愿yuàn诏zhào守shǒu臣chén治zhì城chéng池chí,修xiū宫gōng阙què,立lì官guān府fǔ,创chuàng营yíng壁bì,使shǐ粗cū成chéng规guī模mó,以yǐ待dài巡xún幸xìng。盖gài有yǒu城chéng池chí然rán后hòu人rén心xīn不bù恐kǒng,有yǒu官guān府fǔ然rán后hòu政zhèng事shì可kě修xiū,有yǒu营yíng垒lěi然rán后hòu士shì卒zú可kě用yòng,此cǐ措cuò置zhì之zhī所suǒ当dāng先xiān也yě。

  至zhì于yú西xī北běi之zhī民mín,皆jiē陛bì下xià赤chì子zi,荷hé祖zǔ宗zōng涵hán养yǎng之zhī深shēn,其qí心xīn未wèi尝cháng一yī日rì忘wàng宋sòng。特tè制zhì于yú强qiáng敌dí,陷xiàn于yú涂tú炭tàn,而ér不bù能néng以yǐ自zì归guī。天tiān威wēi震zhèn惊jīng,必bì有yǒu结jié纳nà来lái归guī、愿yuàn为wèi内nèi应yìng者zhě。宜yí给gěi之zhī土tǔ田tián,予yǔ以yǐ爵jué赏shǎng,优yōu加jiā抚fǔ循xún,许xǔ其qí自zì新xīn,使shǐ陷xiàn溺nì之zhī民mín知zhī所suǒ依yī怙hù,莫mò不bù感gǎn悦yuè,益yì坚jiān戴dài宋sòng之zhī心xīn,此cǐ绥suí怀huái之zhī所suǒ当dāng先xiān也yě。

  臣chén窃qiè观guān陛bì下xià有yǒu聪cōng明míng睿ruì智zhì之zhī姿zī,有yǒu英yīng武wǔ敢gǎn为wèi之zhī志zhì,然rán自zì临lín御yù,迨dài今jīn九jiǔ年nián,国guó不bù辟pì而ér日rì蹙cù,事shì不bù立lì而ér日rì坏huài,将jiāng骄jiāo而ér难nán御yù,卒zú惰duò而ér未wèi练liàn,国guó用yòng匮kuì而ér无wú赢yíng余yú之zhī蓄xù,民mín力lì困kùn而ér无wú休xiū息xī之zhī期qī。使shǐ陛bì下xià忧yōu勤qín虽suī至zhì,而ér中zhōng兴xīng之zhī效xiào,邈miǎo乎hū无wú闻wén,则zé群qún臣chén误wù陛bì下xià之zhī故gù也yě。

  陛bì下xià观guān近jìn年nián以yǐ来lái所suǒ用yòng之zhī臣chén,慨kǎi然rán敢gǎn以yǐ天tiān下xià之zhī重zhòng自zì任rèn者zhě几jǐ人rén?平píng居jū无wú事shì,小xiǎo廉lián曲qǔ谨jǐn,似shì可kě无wú过guò,忽hū有yǒu扰rǎo攘rǎng,则zé错cuò愕è无wú所suǒ措cuò手shǒu足zú,不bù过guò奉fèng身shēn以yǐ退tuì,天tiān下xià忧yōu危wēi之zhī重zhòng,委wěi之zhī陛bì下xià而ér已yǐ。有yǒu臣chén如rú此cǐ,不bù知zhī何hé补bǔ于yú国guó,而ér陛bì下xià亦yì安ān取qǔ此cǐ?夫fū用yòng人rén如rú用yòng医yī,必bì先xiān知zhī其qí术shù业yè可kě以yǐ已yǐ病bìng,乃nǎi可kě使shǐ之zhī进jìn药yào而ér责zé成chéng功gōng。今jīn不bù详xiáng审shěn其qí术shù业yè而ér姑gū试shì之zhī,则zé虽suī日rì易yì一yī医yī,无wú补bǔ于yú病bìng,徒tú加jiā疾jí而ér已yǐ。大dà概gài近jìn年nián,闲xián暇xiá则zé以yǐ和hé议yì为wèi得dé计jì,而ér以yǐ治zhì兵bīng为wèi失shī策cè,仓cāng卒cù则zé以yǐ退tuì避bì为wèi爱ài君jūn,而ér以yǐ进jìn御yù为wèi误wù国guó。上shàng下xià偷tōu安ān,不bù为wèi长cháng久jiǔ之zhī计jì。天tiān步bù艰jiān难nán,国guó势shì益yì弱ruò,职zhí此cǐ之zhī由yóu。

  今jīn天tiān启qǐ宸chén衷zhōng,悟wù前qián日rì和hé议yì退tuì避bì之zhī失shī,亲qīn临lín大dà敌dí。天tiān威wēi所suǒ临lín,使shǐ北běi军jūn数shù十shí万wàn之zhī众zhòng,震zhèn怖bù不bù敢gǎn南nán渡dù,潜qián师shī宵xiāo奔bēn。则zé和hé议yì之zhī与yǔ治zhì兵bīng,退tuì避bì之zhī与yǔ进jìn御yù,其qí效xiào概gài可kě睹dǔ矣yǐ。然rán敌dí兵bīng虽suī退tuì,未wèi大dà惩chéng创chuàng,安ān知zhī其qí秋qiū高gāo马mǎ肥féi,不bù再zài来lái扰rǎo我wǒ疆jiāng埸yì,使shǐ疲pí于yú奔bēn命mìng哉zāi?

  臣chén夙sù夜yè为wèi陛bì下xià思sī所suǒ以yǐ为wéi善shàn后hòu之zhī策cè,惟wéi自zì昔xī创chuàng业yè、中zhōng兴xīng之zhī主zhǔ,必bì躬gōng冒mào矢shǐ石shí,履lǚ行xíng阵zhèn而ér不bù避bì。故gù高gāo祖zǔ既jì得dé天tiān下xià,击jī韩hán王wáng信xìn、陈chén豨xī、黥qíng布bù,未wèi尝cháng不bù亲qīn行xíng。光guāng武wǔ自zì即jí位wèi至zhì平píng公gōng孙sūn述shù,十shí三sān年nián间jiān,无wú一yī岁suì不bù亲qīn征zhēng。本běn朝cháo太tài祖zǔ、太tài宗zōng,定dìng维wéi扬yáng,平píng泽zé、潞lù,下xià河hé东dōng,皆jiē躬gōng御yù戎róng辂lù;真zhēn宗zōng亦yì有yǒu澶chán渊yuān之zhī行xíng,措cuò天tiān下xià于yú大dà安ān。此cǐ所suǒ谓wèi始shǐ忧yōu勤qín而ér终zhōng逸yì乐lè也yě。

  若ruò夫fú退tuì避bì之zhī策cè,可kě暂zàn而ér不bù可kě常cháng,可kě一yī而ér不bù可kě再zài,退tuì一yī步bù则zé失shī一yī步bù,退tuì一yī尺chǐ则zé失shī一yī尺chǐ。往wǎng时shí自zì南nán都dōu退tuì而ér至zhì维wéi扬yáng,则zé关guān陕shǎn、河hé北běi、河hé东dōng失shī矣yǐ;自zì维wéi扬yáng退tuì而ér至zhì江jiāng、浙zhè,则zé京jīng东dōng、西xī失shī矣yǐ。万wàn有yǒu一yī敌dí骑qí南nán牧mù,复fù将jiāng退tuì避bì。不bù知zhī何hé所suǒ适shì而ér可kě乎hū?航háng海hǎi之zhī策cè,万wàn乘chéng冒mào风fēng涛tāo不bù测cè之zhī险xiǎn,此cǐ又yòu不bù可kě之zhī尤yóu者zhě也yě。惟wéi当dāng于yú国guó家jiā闲xián暇xiá之zhī时shí,明míng政zhèng刑xíng,治zhì军jūn旅lǚ,选xuǎn将jiàng帅shuài,修xiū车chē马mǎ,备bèi器qì械xiè,峙zhì糗qiǔ粮liáng,积jī金jīn帛bó。敌dí来lái则zé御yù,俟qí时shí而ér奋fèn,以yǐ光guāng复fù祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī大dà业yè,此cǐ最zuì上shàng策cè也yě。臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià自zì今jīn以yǐ往wǎng,勿wù复fù为wèi退tuì避bì之zhī计jì,可kě乎hū?

  臣chén又yòu观guān古gǔ者zhě敌dí国guó善shàn邻lín,则zé有yǒu和hé亲qīn,仇chóu雠chóu之zhī邦bāng,鲜xiān复fù遣qiǎn使shǐ。岂qǐ不bù以yǐ衅xìn隙xì既jì深shēn,终zhōng无wú讲jiǎng好hǎo修xiū睦mù之zhī理lǐ故gù耶yé?东dōng晋jìn渡dù江jiāng,石shí勒lēi遣qiǎn使shǐ于yú晋jìn,元yuán帝dì命mìng焚fén其qí币bì而ér却què其qí使shǐ。彼bǐ遣qiǎn使shǐ来lái,且qiě犹yóu却què之zhī,此cǐ何hé可kě往wǎng?假jiǎ道dào僭jiàn伪wěi之zhī国guó,其qí自zì取qǔ辱rǔ,无wú补bǔ于yú事shì,祗zhī伤shāng国guó体tǐ。金jīn人rén造zào衅xìn之zhī深shēn,知zhī我wǒ必bì报bào,其qí措cuò意yì为wèi何hé如rú?而ér我wǒ方fāng且qiě卑bēi辞cí厚hòu币bì,屈qū体tǐ以yǐ求qiú之zhī,其qí不bù推tuī诚chéng以yǐ见jiàn信xìn,决jué矣yǐ。器qì币bì礼lǐ物wù,所suǒ费fèi不bù赀zī,使shǐ轺yáo往wǎng来lái,坐zuò索suǒ士shì气qì,而ér又yòu邀yāo我wǒ以yǐ必bì不bù可kě从cóng之zhī事shì,制zhì我wǒ以yǐ必bì不bù敢gǎn为wèi之zhī谋móu,是shì和hé卒zú不bù成chéng,而ér徒tú为wèi此cǐ扰rǎo扰rǎo也yě。非fēi特tè如rú此cǐ,于yú吾wú自zì治zhì自zì强qiáng之zhī计jì,动dòng辄zhé相xiāng妨fáng,实shí有yǒu所suǒ害hài。金jīn人rén二èr十shí余yú年nián,以yǐ此cǐ策cè破pò契qì丹dān、困kùn中zhōng国guó,而ér终zhōng莫mò之zhī悟wù。夫fū辨biàn是shì非fēi利lì害hài者zhě,人rén心xīn所suǒ同tóng,岂qǐ真zhēn不bù悟wù哉zāi?聊liáo复fù用yòng此cǐ以yǐ侥jiǎo幸xìng万wàn一yī,曾céng不bù知zhī为wèi吾wú害hài者zhě甚shèn大dà,此cǐ古gǔ人rén所suǒ谓wèi几jǐ何hé侥jiǎo幸xìng而ér不bù丧sàng人rén之zhī国guó者zhě也yě。臣chén愿yuàn自zì今jīn以yǐ往wǎng,勿wù复fù遣qiǎn和hé议yì之zhī使shǐ,可kě乎hū?

  二èr说shuō既jì定dìng,择zé所suǒ当dāng为wèi者zhě,一yī切qiè以yǐ至zhì诚chéng为wèi之zhī。俟qí吾wú之zhī政zhèng事shì修xiū,仓cāng廪lǐn实shí,府fǔ库kù充chōng,器qì用yòng备bèi,士shì气qì振zhèn,力lì可kě有yǒu为wéi,乃nǎi议yì大dà举jǔ,则zé兵bīng虽suī未wèi交jiāo,而ér胜shèng负fù之zhī势shì已yǐ决jué矣yǐ。

  抑yì臣chén闻wén朝cháo廷tíng者zhě根gēn本běn也yě,藩fān方fāng者zhě枝zhī叶yè也yě,根gēn本běn固gù则zé枝zhī叶yè蕃fān,朝cháo廷tíng者zhě腹fù心xīn也yě,将jiàng士shì者zhě爪zhǎo牙yá也yě,腹fù心xīn壮zhuàng则zé爪zhǎo牙yá奋fèn。今jīn远yuǎn而ér强qiáng敌dí,近jìn而ér伪wěi臣chén,国guó家jiā所suǒ仰yǎng以yǐ为wéi捍hàn蔽bì者zhě在zài藩fān方fāng,所suǒ资zī以yǐ致zhì攻gōng讨tǎo者zhě在zài将jiàng士shì,然rán根gēn本běn腹fù心xīn则zé在zài朝cháo廷tíng。惟wéi陛bì下xià正zhèng心xīn以yǐ正zhèng朝cháo廷tíng百bǎi官guān,使shǐ君jūn子zǐ小xiǎo人rén各gè得dé其qí分fēn,则zé是shì非fēi明míng,赏shǎng罚fá当dāng,自zì然rán藩fān方fāng协xié力lì,将jiàng士shì用yòng命mìng,虽suī强qiáng敌dí不bù足zú畏wèi,逆nì臣chén不bù足zú忧yōu,此cǐ特tè在zài陛bì下xià方fāng寸cùn之zhī间jiān耳ěr。

  臣chén昧mèi死sǐ上shàng条tiáo六liù事shì:一yī曰yuē信xìn任rèn辅fǔ弼bì,二èr曰yuē公gōng选xuǎn人rén材cái,三sān曰yuē变biàn革gé士shì风fēng,四sì曰yuē爱ài惜xī日rì力lì,五wǔ曰yuē务wù尽jìn人rén事shì,六liù曰yuē寅yín畏wèi天tiān威wēi。

  何hé谓wèi信xìn任rèn辅fǔ弼bì?夫fū兴xīng衰shuāi拨bō乱luàn之zhī主zhǔ,必bì有yǒu同tóng心xīn同tóng德dé之zhī臣chén相xiāng与yǔ有yǒu为wéi,如rú元yuán首shǒu股gǔ肱gōng之zhī于yú一yī身shēn,父fù子zǐ兄xiōng弟dì之zhī于yú一yī家jiā,乃nǎi能néng协xié济jì。今jīn陛bì下xià选xuǎn于yú众zhòng以yǐ图tú任rèn,遂suì能néng捍hàn御yù大dà敌dí,可kě谓wèi得dé人rén矣yǐ。然rán臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià待dài以yǐ至zhì诚chéng,无wú事shì形xíng迹jì,久jiǔ任rèn以yǐ责zé成chéng功gōng,勿wù使shǐ小xiǎo人rén得dé以yǐ间jiān之zhī,则zé君jūn臣chén之zhī美měi,垂chuí于yú无wú穷qióng矣yǐ。

  何hé谓wèi公gōng选xuǎn人rén才cái?夫fū治zhì天tiān下xià者zhě,必bì资zī于yú人rén才cái,而ér创chuàng业yè、中zhōng兴xīng之zhī主zhǔ,所suǒ资zī尤yóu多duō。何hé则zé?继jì体tǐ守shǒu文wén,率shuài由yóu旧jiù章zhāng,得dé中zhōng庸yōng之zhī才cái,亦yì足zú以yǐ共gòng治zhì;至zhì于yú艰jiān难nán之zhī际jì,非fēi得děi卓zhuó荦luò瑰guī伟wěi之zhī才cái,则zé未wèi易yì有yǒu济jì。是shì以yǐ大dà有yǒu为wèi之zhī主zhǔ,必bì有yǒu不bù世shì出chū之zhī才cái,参cān赞zàn翊yì佐zuǒ,以yǐ成chéng大dà业yè。然rán自zì昔xī抱bào不bù群qún之zhī才cái者zhě,多duō为wèi小xiǎo人rén之zhī所suǒ忌jì嫉jí,或huò中zhōng之zhī以yǐ黯àn暗àn,或huò指zhǐ之zhī为wèi党dǎng与yǔ,或huò诬wū之zhī以yǐ大dà恶è,或huò擿tī之zhī以yǐ细xì故gù。而ér以yǐ道dào事shì君jūn者zhě,不bù可kě则zé止zhǐ,难nán于yú自zì进jìn,耻chǐ于yú自zì明míng,虽suī负fù重zhòng谤bàng、遭zāo深shēn谴qiǎn,安ān于yú义yì命mìng,不bù复fù自zì辨biàn。苟gǒu非fēi至zhì明míng之zhī主zhǔ,深shēn察chá人rén之zhī情qíng伪wěi,安ān能néng辨biàn其qí非fēi辜gū哉zāi?陛bì下xià临lín御yù以yǐ来lái,用yòng人rén多duō矣yǐ,世shì之zhī所suǒ许xǔ以yǐ为wéi端duān人rén正zhèng士shì者zhě,往wǎng往wǎng闲xián废fèi于yú无wú用yòng之zhī地dì;而ér陛bì下xià寤wù寐mèi侧cè席xí,有yǒu乏fá材cái之zhī叹tàn,盍hé少shǎo留liú意yì而ér致zhì察chá焉yān!

  何hé谓wèi变biàn革gé士shì风fēng?夫fū用yòng兵bīng之zhī与yǔ士shì风fēng,似shì不bù相xiāng及jí,而ér实shí相xiàng为wèi表biǎo里lǐ。士shì风fēng厚hòu则zé议yì正zhèng而ér是shì非fēi明míng,朝cháo廷tíng赏shǎng罚fá当dāng功gōng罪zuì而ér人rén心xīn服fú,考kǎo之zhī本běn朝cháo嘉jiā祐yòu、治zhì平píng以yǐ前qián可kě知zhī已yǐ。数shù十shí年nián来lái,奔bēn竞jìng日rì进jìn,论lùn议yì徇xùn私sī,邪xié说shuō利lì口kǒu,足zú以yǐ惑huò人rén主zhǔ之zhī听tīng。元yuán祐yòu大dà臣chén,持chí正zhèng论lùn如rú司sī马mǎ光guāng之zhī流liú,皆jiē社shè稷jì之zhī臣chén也yě,而ér群qún枉wǎng嫉jí之zhī,指zhǐ为wèi奸jiān党dǎng,颠diān倒dǎo是shì非fēi,政zhèng事shì大dà坏huài,驯xùn致zhì靖jìng康kāng之zhī变biàn,非fēi偶ǒu然rán也yě。窃qiè观guān近jìn年nián士shì风fēng尤yóu薄báo,随suí时shí好hào恶wù,以yǐ取qǔ世shì资zī,潝xī訿zǐ成chéng风fēng,岂qǐ朝cháo廷tíng之zhī福fú哉zāi?大dà抵dǐ朝cháo廷tíng设shè耳ěr目mù及jí献xiàn纳nà论lùn思sī之zhī官guān,固gù许xǔ之zhī以yǐ风fēng闻wén,至zhì于yú大dà故gù,必bì须xū核hé实shí而ér后hòu言yán。使shǐ其qí无wú实shí,则zé诬wū人rén之zhī罪zuì,服fú谗chán搜sōu慝tè,得dé以yǐ中zhōng害hài善shàn良liáng,皆jiē非fēi所suǒ以yǐ修xiū政zhèng也yě。

  何hé谓wèi爱ài惜xī日rì力lì?夫fū创chuàng业yè、中zhōng兴xīng,如rú建jiàn大dà厦shà,堂táng室shì奥ào序xù,其qí规guī模mó可kě一yī日rì而ér成chéng,鸠jiū工gōng聚jù材cái,则zé积jī累lěi非fēi一yī日rì所suǒ致zhì。陛bì下xià临lín御yù,九jiǔ年nián于yú兹zī,境jìng土tǔ未wèi复fù,僭jiàn逆nì未wèi诛zhū,仇chóu敌dí未wèi报bào,尚shàng稽jī中zhōng兴xīng之zhī业yè者zhě,诚chéng以yǐ始shǐ不bù为wèi之zhī规guī模mó,而ér后hòu不bù为wèi之zhī积jī累lěi故gù也yě。边biān事shì粗cū定dìng之zhī时shí,朝cháo廷tíng所suǒ推tuī行xíng者zhě,不bù过guò簿bù书shū期qī会huì不bù切qiè之zhī细xì务wù,至zhì于yú攻gōng讨tǎo防fáng守shǒu之zhī策cè,国guó之zhī大dà计jì,皆jiē未wèi尝cháng留liú意yì。夫fū天tiān下xià无wú不bù可kě为wèi之zhī事shì,亦yì无wú不bù可kě为wèi之zhī时shí。惟wéi失shī其qí时shí,则zé事shì之zhī小xiǎo者zhě日rì益yì大dà,事shì之zhī易yì者zhě日rì益yì难nán矣yǐ。

  何hé谓wèi务wù尽jìn人rén事shì?夫fū天tiān人rén之zhī道dào,其qí实shí一yí致zhì,人rén之zhī所suǒ为wèi,即jí天tiān之zhī所suǒ为wèi也yě。人rén事shì尽jǐn于yú前qián,则zé天tiān理lǐ应yīng于yú后hòu,此cǐ自zì然rán之zhī符fú也yě。故gù创chuàng业yè、中zhōng兴xīng之zhī主zhǔ,尽jǐn其qí在zài我wǒ而ér已yǐ,其qí成chéng功gōng归guī之zhī于yú天tiān。今jīn未wèi尝cháng尽jìn人rén事shì,敌dí至zhì而ér先xiān自zì退tuì屈qū,而ér欲yù责zé功gōng于yú天tiān,其qí可kě乎hū?臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià诏zhào二èr三sān大dà臣chén,协xié心xīn同tóng力lì,尽jìn人rén事shì以yǐ听tīng天tiān命mìng,则zé恢huī复fù土tǔ宇yǔ,剪jiǎn屠tú鲸jīng鲵ní,迎yíng还hái两liǎng宫gōng,必bì有yǒu日rì矣yǐ。

  何hé谓wèi寅yín畏wèi天tiān威wēi?夫fū天tiān之zhī于yú王wáng者zhě,犹yóu父fù母mǔ之zhī于yú子zi,爱ài之zhī至zhì,则zé所suǒ以yǐ为wéi之zhī戒jiè者zhě亦yì至zhì。故gù人rén主zhǔ之zhī于yú天tiān戒jiè,必bì恐kǒng惧jù修xiū省shěng,以yǐ致zhì其qí寅yín畏wèi之zhī诚chéng。比bǐ年nián以yǐ来lái,荧yíng惑huò失shī次cì,太tài白bái昼zhòu见jiàn,地dì震zhèn水shuǐ溢yì,或huò久jiǔ阴yīn不bù雨yǔ,或huò久jiǔ雨yǔ不bù霁jì,或huò当dāng暑shǔ而ér寒hán,乃nǎi正zhēng月yuè之zhī朔shuò,日rì有yǒu食shí之zhī。此cǐ皆jiē天tiān意yì眷juàn佑yòu陛bì下xià,丁dīng宁níng反fǎn覆fù,以yǐ致zhì告gào戒jiè。惟wéi陛bì下xià推tuī至zhì诚chéng之zhī意yì,正zhèng厥jué事shì以yǐ应yīng之zhī,则zé变biàn灾zāi而ér为wèi祥xiáng矣yǐ。

  凡fán此cǐ六liù者zhě,皆jiē中zhōng兴xīng之zhī业yè所suǒ关guān,而ér陛bì下xià所suǒ当dāng先xiān务wù者zhě。

  今jīn朝zhāo廷tíng人rén才cái不bù乏fá,将jiàng士shì足zú用yòng,财cái用yòng有yǒu余yú,足zú为wèi中zhōng兴xīng之zhī资zī。陛bì下xià春chūn秋qiū鼎dǐng盛shèng,欲yù大dà有yǒu为wèi,何hé施shī不bù可kě?要yào在zài改gǎi前qián日rì之zhī辙zhé,断duàn而ér行xíng之zhī耳ěr。昔xī唐táng太tài宗zōng谓wèi魏wèi征zhēng为wèi敢gǎn言yán,征zhēng谢xiè曰yuē:“陛bì下xià导dǎo臣chén使shǐ言yán,不bù然rán,其qí敢gǎn批pī逆nì鳞lín哉zāi。”今jīn臣chén无wú魏wèi征zhēng之zhī敢gǎn言yán,然rán展zhǎn尽jǐn底dǐ蕴yùn,亦yì思sī虑lǜ之zhī极jí也yě。惟wéi陛bì下xià赦shè其qí愚yú直zhí,而ér取qǔ其qí拳quán拳quán之zhī忠zhōng。

  疏shū奏zòu,上shàng为wèi赐cì诏zhào褒bāo谕yù。除chú江jiāng西xī安ān抚fǔ制zhì置zhì大dà使shǐ兼jiān知zhī洪hóng州zhōu。有yǒu旨zhǐ,赴fù行xíng在zài奏zòu事shì毕bì之zhī官guān。六liù年nián,纲gāng至zhì,引yǐn对duì内nèi殿diàn。朝cháo廷tíng方fāng锐ruì意yì大dà举jǔ,纲gāng陛bì辞cí,言yán今jīn日rì用yòng兵bīng之zhī失shī者zhě四sì,措cuò置zhì未wèi尽jǐn善shàn者zhě五wǔ,宜yí预yù备bèi者zhě三sān,当dāng善shàn后hòu者zhě二èr。

  时shí宋sòng师shī与yǔ金jīn人rén、伪wěi齐qí相xiāng持chí于yú淮huái、泗sì者zhě半bàn年nián,纲gāng奏zòu:“两liǎng兵bīng相xiāng持chí,非fēi出chū奇qí不bù足zú以yǐ取qǔ胜shèng。愿yuàn速sù遣qiǎn骁xiāo将jiàng,自zì淮huái南nán约yuē岳yuè飞fēi为wèi掎jǐ角jiǎo,夹jiā击jī之zhī,大dà功gōng可kě成chéng。”已yǐ而ér宋sòng师shī屡lǚ捷jié,刘liú光guāng世shì、张zhāng俊jùn、杨yáng沂yí中zhōng大dà破pò伪wěi齐qí兵bīng于yú淮huái、肥féi之zhī上shàng。

  车chē驾jià进jìn发fā幸xìng建jiàn康kāng。纲gāng奏zòu乞qǐ益yì饬chì战zhàn守shǒu之zhī具jù,修xiū筑zhù沿yán淮huái城chéng垒lěi,且qiě言yán:“愿yuàn陛bì下xià勿wù以yǐ去qù冬dōng骤zhòu胜shèng而ér自zì怠dài,勿wù以yǐ目mù前qián粗cū定dìng而ér自zì安ān,凡fán可kě以yǐ致zhì中zhōng兴xīng之zhī治zhì者zhě无wú不bù为wèi,凡fán可kě以yǐ害hài中zhōng兴xīng之zhī业yè者zhě无wú不bù去qù。要yào以yǐ修xiū政zhèng事shì,信xìn赏shǎng罚fá,明míng是shì非fēi,别bié邪xié正zhèng,招zhāo徕lái人rén材cái,鼓gǔ作zuò士shì气qì,爱ài惜xī民mín力lì,顺shùn导dǎo众zhòng心xīn为wèi先xiān。数shù者zhě既jì备bèi,则zé将jiàng帅shuài辑jí睦mù,士shì卒zú乐lè战zhàn,用yòng兵bīng其qí有yǒu不bù胜shèng者zhě哉zāi?”

  淮huái西xī郦lì琼qióng以yǐ全quán军jūn叛pàn归guī刘liú豫yù,纲gāng指zhǐ陈chén朝cháo廷tíng有yǒu措cuò置zhì失shī当dàng者zhě、深shēn可kě痛tòng惜xī者zhě及jí当dāng监jiān前qián失shī以yǐ图tú方fāng来lái者zhě凡fán十shí有yǒu五wǔ事shì,奏zòu之zhī。张zhāng浚jùn引yǐn咎jiù去qù相xiàng位wèi,言yán者zhě引yǐn汉hàn武wǔ诛zhū王wáng恢huī为wèi比bǐ。纲gāng奏zòu曰yuē:“臣chén窃qiè见jiàn张zhāng浚jùn罢bà相xiāng,言yán者zhě引yǐn武wǔ帝dì诛zhū王wáng恢huī事shì以yǐ为wéi比bǐ。臣chén恐kǒng智zhì谋móu之zhī士shì卷juǎn舌shé而ér不bù谈tán兵bīng,忠zhōng义yì之zhī士shì扼è腕wàn而ér无wú所suǒ发fā愤fèn,将jiàng士shì解jiě体tǐ而ér不bù用yòng命mìng,州zhōu郡jùn望wàng风fēng而ér无wú坚jiān城chéng,陛bì下xià将jiāng谁shuí与yǔ立lì国guó哉zāi?张zhāng浚jùn措cuò置zhì失shī当dàng,诚chéng为wèi有yǒu罪zuì,然rán其qí区qū区qū徇xùn国guó之zhī心xīn,有yǒu可kě矜jīn者zhě。愿yuàn少shǎo宽kuān假jiǎ,以yǐ责zé来lái效xiào。”

  时shí车chē驾jià将jiāng幸xìng平píng江jiāng,纲gāng以yǐ为wéi平píng江jiāng去qù建jiàn康kāng不bù远yuǎn,徒tú有yǒu退tuì避bì之zhī名míng,不bù宜yí轻qīng动dòng。复fù具jù奏zòu曰yuē:

  臣chén闻wén自zì昔xī用yòng兵bīng以yǐ成chéng大dà业yè者zhě,必bì先xiān固gù人rén心xīn,作zuò士shì气qì,据jù地dì利lì而ér不bù肯kěn先xiān退tuì,尽jìn人rén事shì而ér不bù肯kěn先xiān屈qū。是shì以yǐ楚chǔ、汉hàn相xiāng距jù于yú荥xíng阳yáng、成chéng皋gāo间jiān,高gāo祖zǔ虽suī屡lǚ败bài,不bù退tuì尺chǐ寸cùn之zhī地dì;既jì割gē鸿hóng沟gōu,羽yǔ引yǐn而ér东dōng,遂suì有yǒu垓gāi下xià之zhī亡wáng。曹cáo操cāo、袁yuán绍shào战zhàn于yú官guān渡dù,操cāo虽suī兵bīng弱ruò粮liáng乏fá,荀xún彧yù止zhǐ其qí退tuì避bì;既jì焚fén绍shào辎zī重zhòng,绍shào引yǐn而ér归guī,遂suì丧sàng河hé北běi。由yóu是shì观guān之zhī,今jīn日rì之zhī事shì,岂qǐ可kě因yīn一yī叛pàn将jiāng之zhī故gù,望wàng风fēng怯qiè敌dí,遽jù自zì退tuì屈qū?果guǒ出chū此cǐ谋móu,六liù飞fēi回huí驭yù之zhī后hòu,人rén情qíng动dòng摇yáo,莫mò有yǒu固gù志zhì,士shì气qì销xiāo缩suō,莫mò有yǒu斗dòu心xīn。我wǒ退tuì彼bǐ进jìn,使shǐ敌dí马mǎ南nán渡dù,得dé一yī邑yì则zé守shǒu一yī邑yì,得dé一yī州zhōu则zé守shǒu一yī州zhōu,得dé一yī路lù则zé守shǒu一yī路lù;乱luàn臣chén贼zéi子zi,黠xiá吏lì奸jiān氓máng,从cóng而ér附fù之zhī,虎hǔ踞jù鸱chī张zhāng,虽suī欲yù如rú前qián日rì返fǎn驾jià还hái辕yuán,复fù立lì朝cháo廷tíng于yú荆jīng棘jí瓦wǎ砾lì之zhī中zhōng,不bù可kě得dé也yě。

  借jiè使shǐ敌dí骑qí冲chōng突tū,不bù得dé已yǐ而ér权quán宜yí避bì之zhī,犹yóu为wèi有yǒu说shuō。今jīn疆jiāng埸yì未wèi有yǒu警jǐng急jí之zhī报bào,兵bīng将jiāng初chū无wú不bù利lì之zhī失shī,朝cháo廷tíng正zhèng可kě惩chéng往wǎng事shì,修xiū军jūn政zhèng,审shěn号hào令lìng,明míng赏shǎng刑xíng,益yì务wù固gù守shǒu。而ér遽jù为wèi此cǐ扰rǎo扰rǎo,弃qì前qián功gōng,挑tiāo后hòu患huàn,以yǐ自zì趋qū于yú祸huò败bài,岂qǐ不bù重zhòng可kě惜xī哉zāi!八bā年nián,王wáng伦lún使shǐ北běi还hái,纲gāng闻wén之zhī,上shàng疏shū曰yuē:

  臣chén窃qiè见jiàn朝cháo廷tíng遣qiǎn王wáng伦lún使shǐ金jīn国guó,奉fèng迎yíng梓zǐ宫gōng。今jīn伦lún之zhī归guī,与yǔ金jīn使shǐ偕xié来lái,乃nǎi以yǐ“诏zhào谕yù江jiāng南nán”为wèi名míng,不bù著zhù国guó号hào而ér曰yuē“江jiāng南nán”,不bù云yún“通tōng问wèn”而ér曰yuē“诏zhào谕yù”,此cǐ何hé礼lǐ也yě?臣chén请qǐng试shì为wèi陛bì下xià言yán之zhī。金jīn人rén毁huǐ宗zōng社shè,逼bī二èr圣shèng,而ér陛bì下xià应yìng天tiān顺shùn人rén,光guāng复fù旧jiù业yè。自zì我wǒ视shì彼bǐ,则zé仇chóu雠chóu也yě;自zì彼bǐ视shì我wǒ,则zé腹fù心xīn之zhī疾jí也yě,岂qǐ复fù有yǒu可kě和hé之zhī理lǐ?然rán而ér朝cháo廷tíng遣qiǎn使shǐ通tōng问wèn,冠guān盖gài相xiāng望wàng于yú道dào,卑bēi辞cí厚hòu币bì,无wú所suǒ爱ài惜xī者zhě,以yǐ二èr圣shèng在zài其qí域yù中zhōng,为wèi亲qīn屈qū己jǐ,不bù得dé已yǐ而ér然rán,犹yóu有yǒu说shuō也yě。至zhì去qù年nián春chūn,两liǎng宫gōng凶xiōng问wèn既jì至zhì,遣qiǎn使shǐ以yǐ迎yíng梓zǐ宫gōng,亟jí往wǎng遄chuán返fǎn,初chū不bù得dé其qí要yào领lǐng。今jīn伦lún使shǐ事shì,初chū以yǐ奉fèng迎yíng梓zǐ宫gōng为wèi指zhǐ,而ér金jīn使shǐ之zhī来lái,乃nǎi以yǐ诏zhào谕yù江jiāng南nán为wèi名míng。循xún名míng责zé实shí,已yǐ自zì乖guāi戾lì,则zé其qí所suǒ以yǐ罔wǎng朝cháo廷tíng而ér生shēng后hòu患huàn者zhě,不bù待dài诘jí而ér可kě知zhī。

  臣chén在zài远yuǎn方fāng,虽suī不bù足zú以yǐ知zhī其qí曲qū折zhé,然rán以yǐ愚yú意yì料liào之zhī,金jīn以yǐ此cǐ名míng遣qiǎn使shǐ,其qí邀yāo求qiú大dà略lüè有yǒu五wǔ:必bì降jiàng诏zhào书shū,欲yù陛bì下xià屈qū体tǐ降jiàng礼lǐ以yǐ听tīng受shòu,一yī也yě。必bì有yǒu赦shè文wén,欲yù朝cháo廷tíng宣xuān布bù,班bān示shì郡jùn县xiàn,二èr也yě。必bì立lì约yuē束shù,欲yù陛bì下xià奉fèng藩fān称chēng臣chén,禀bǐng其qí号hào令lìng,三sān也yě。必bì求qiú岁suì赂lù,广guǎng其qí数shù目mù,使shǐ我wǒ坐zuò困kùn,四sì也yě。必bì求qiú割gē地dì,以yǐ江jiāng为wèi界jiè,淮huái南nán、荆jīng襄xiāng、四sì川chuān,尽jǐn欲yù得dé之zhī,五wǔ也yě。此cǐ五wǔ者zhě,朝cháo廷tíng从cóng其qí一yī,则zé大dà事shì去qù矣yǐ。

  金jīn人rén变biàn诈zhà不bù测cè,贪tān婪lán无wú厌yàn,纵zòng使shǐ听tīng其qí诏zhào令lìng,奉fèng藩fān称chēng臣chén,其qí志zhì犹yóu未wèi已yǐ也yě。必bì继jì有yǒu号hào令lìng,或huò使shǐ亲qīn迎yíng梓zǐ宫gōng,或huò使shǐ单dān车chē入rù觐jìn,或huò使shǐ移yí易yì将jiàng相xiàng,或huò改gǎi革gé政zhèng事shì,或huò竭jié取qǔ租zū赋fù,或huò朘zuī削xuē土tǔ宇yǔ。从cóng之zhī则zé无wú有yǒu纪jì极jí,一yī不bù从cóng则zé前qián功gōng尽jìn废fèi,反fǎn为wèi兵bīng端duān。以yǐ为wéi权quán时shí之zhī宜yí,听tīng其qí邀yāo求qiú,可kě以yǐ无wú后hòu悔huǐ者zhě,非fēi愚yú则zé诬wū也yě。使shǐ国guó家jiā之zhī势shì单dān弱ruò,果guǒ不bù足zú以yǐ自zì振zhèn,不bù得dé已yǐ而ér为wèi此cǐ,固gù犹yóu不bù可kě,况kuàng土tǔ宇yǔ之zhī广guǎng犹yóu半bàn天tiān下xià,臣chén民mín之zhī心xīn戴dài宋sòng不bù忘wàng,与yǔ有yǒu识shí者zhě谋móu之zhī,尚shàng足zú以yǐ有yǒu为wéi,岂qǐ可kě忘wàng祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī大dà业yè,生shēng灵líng之zhī属zhǔ望wàng,弗fú虑lǜ弗fú图tú,遽jù自zì屈qū服fú,冀jì延yán旦dàn暮mù之zhī命mìng哉zāi?

  臣chén愿yuàn陛bì下xià特tè留liú圣shèng意yì,且qiě勿wù轻qīng许xǔ,深shēn诏zhào群qún臣chén,讲jiǎng明míng利lì害hài、可kě以yǐ久jiǔ长cháng之zhī策cè,择zé其qí善shàn而ér从cóng之zhī。

  疏shū奏zòu,虽suī与yǔ众zhòng论lùn不bù合hé,不bù上shàng以yǐ为wéi忤wǔ,曰yuē:“大dà臣chén当dāng如rú此cǐ矣yǐ。”

  九jiǔ年nián,除chú知zhī潭tán州zhōu、荆jīng湖hú南nán路lù安ān抚fǔ大dà使shǐ,纲gāng具jù奏zòu力lì辞cí,曰yuē:“臣chén迂yū疏shū无wú周zhōu身shēn之zhī术shù,动dòng致zhì烦fán言yán。今jīn者zhě罢bà自zì江jiāng西xī,为wèi日rì未wèi久jiǔ,又yòu蒙méng湔jiān祓fú,畀bì以yǐ帅shuài权quán。昔xī汉hàn文wén帝dì闻wén季jì布bù贤xián,召zhào之zhī,既jì而ér罢bà归guī,布bù曰yuē:‘陛bì下xià以yǐ一yī人rén之zhī誉yù召zhào臣chén,一yī人rén之zhī毁huǐ去qù臣chén,臣chén恐kǒng天tiān下xià有yǒu以yǐ窥kuī陛bì下xià之zhī浅qiǎn深shēn。’顾gù臣chén区qū区qū进jìn退tuì,何hé足zú少shǎo多duō。然rán数shù年nián之zhī间jiān,亟jí奋fèn亟jí踬zhì,上shàng累lèi陛bì下xià知zhī人rén任rèn使shǐ之zhī明míng,实shí有yǒu系xì于yú国guó体tǐ。”诏zhào以yǐ纲gāng累lèi奏zòu,不bù欲yù重zhòng违wéi,遂suì允yǔn其qí请qǐng。次cì年nián薨hōng,年nián五wǔ十shí八bā。讣fù闻wén,上shàng为wèi轸zhěn悼dào,遣qiǎn使shǐ赙fù赠zèng,抚fǔ问wèn其qí家jiā,给gěi丧sāng葬zàng之zhī费fèi。赠zèng少shǎo师shī,官guān其qí亲qīn族zú十shí人rén。

  纲gāng负fù天tiān下xià之zhī望wàng,以yǐ一yī身shēn用yòng舍shě为wèi社shè稷jì生shēng民mín安ān危wēi。虽suī身shēn或huò不bù用yòng,用yòng有yǒu不bù久jiǔ,而ér其qí忠zhōng诚chéng义yì气qì,凛lǐn然rán动dòng乎hū远yuǎn迩ěr。每měi宋sòng使shǐ至zhì燕yān山shān,必bì问wèn李lǐ纲gāng、赵zhào鼎dǐng安ān否fǒu,其qí为wèi远yuǎn人rén所suǒ畏wèi服fú如rú此cǐ。纲gāng有yǒu著zhù《易yì传chuán》内nèi篇piān十shí卷juǎn、外wài篇piān十shí二èr卷juǎn,《论lún语yǔ详xiáng说shuō》十shí卷juǎn,文wén章zhāng、歌gē诗shī、奏zòu议yì百bǎi余yú卷juǎn,又yòu有yǒu《靖jìng康kāng传chuán信xìn录lù》、《奉fèng迎yíng录lù》、《建jiàn炎yán时shí政zhèng记jì》、《建jiàn炎yán进jìn退tuì志zhì》、《建jiàn炎yán制zhì诏zhào表biǎo札zhá集jí》、《宣xuān抚fǔ荆jīng广guǎng记jì》、《制zhì置zhì江jiāng右yòu录lù》。

  论lùn曰yuē:以yǐ李lǐ纲gāng之zhī贤xián,使shǐ得de毕bì力lì殚dān虑lǜ于yú靖jìng康kāng、建jiàn炎yán间jiān,莫mò或huò挠náo之zhī,二èr帝dì何hé至zhì于yú北běi行xíng,而ér宋sòng岂qǐ至zhì为wéi南nán渡dù之zhī偏piān安ān哉zāi?夫fū用yòng君jūn子zǐ则zé安ān,用yòng小xiǎo人rén则zé危wēi,不bù易yì之zhī理lǐ也yě。人rén情qíng莫mò不bù喜xǐ安ān而ér恶è危wēi。然rán纲gāng居jū相xiàng位wèi仅jǐn七qī十shí日rì,其qí谋móu数shù不bú见jiàn用yòng,独dú于yú黄huáng潜qián善shàn、汪wāng伯bó彦yàn、秦qín桧guì之zhī言yán,信xìn而ér任rèn之zhī,恒héng若ruò不bù及jí,何hé高gāo宗zōng之zhī见jiàn,与yǔ人rén殊shū哉zāi?纲gāng虽suī屡lǚ斥chì,忠zhōng诚chéng不bù少shǎo贬biǎn,不bù以yǐ用yòng舍shě为wèi语yǔ默mò,若ruò赤chì子zi之zhī慕mù其qí母mǔ,怒nù呵hē犹yóu噭jiào々焉yān挽wǎn其qí裳shang裾jū而ér从cóng之zhī。呜wū呼hū,中zhōng兴xīng功gōng业yè之zhī不bù振zhèn,君jūn子zǐ固gù归guī之zhī天tiān,若ruò纲gāng之zhī心xīn,其qí可kě谓wèi非fēi诸zhū葛gě孔kǒng明míng之zhī用yòng心xīn欤yú?

❖
🔊 本页支持朗读:点屏幕底部控制条即可听书(Chrome / Edge / Safari 支持)。 若未出现控制条,说明当前浏览器不支持语音朗读。
相关推荐