志zhì第dì六liù十shí一yī 河hé渠qú三sān

○运yùn河hé上shàng

明míng成chéng祖zǔ肇zhào建jiàn北běi京jīng，转zhuǎn漕cáo东dōng南nán，水shuǐ陆lù兼jiān輓wǎn，仍réng元yuán人rén之zhī旧jiù，参cān用yòng海hǎi运yùn。逮dǎi会huì通tōng河hé开kāi，海hǎi陆lù并bìng罢bà。南nán极jí江jiāng口kǒu，北běi尽jǐn大dà通tōng桥qiáo，运yùn道dào三sān千qiān馀yú里lǐ。综zōng而ér计jì之zhī，自zì昌chāng平píng神shén山shān泉quán诸zhū水shuǐ，汇huì贯guàn都dū城chéng，过guò大dà通tōng桥qiáo，东dōng至zhì通tōng州zhōu入rù白bái河hé者zhě，大dà通tōng河hé也yě。自zì通tōng州zhōu而ér南nán至zhì直zhí沽gū，会huì卫wèi河hé入rù海hǎi者zhě，白bái河hé也yě。自zì临lín清qīng而ér北běi至zhì直zhí沽gū，会huì白bái河hé入rù海hǎi者zhě，卫wèi水shuǐ也yě。自zì汶wèn上shàng南nán旺wàng分fēn流liú，北běi经jīng张zhāng秋qiū至zhì临lín清qīng，会huì卫wèi河hé，南nán至zhì济jǐ宁níng天tiān井jǐng闸zhá，会huì泗sì、沂yí、洸guāng三sān水shuǐ者zhě，汶wèn水shuǐ也yě。自zì济jǐ宁níng出chū天tiān井jǐng闸zhá，与yǔ汶wèn合hé流liú，至zhì南nán阳yáng新xīn河hé，旧jiù出chū茶chá城chéng，会huì黄huáng、沁qìn后hòu出chū夏xià镇zhèn，循xún泇jiā河hé达dá直zhí口kǒu，入rù黄huáng济jì运yùn者zhě，泗sì、洸guāng、小xiǎo沂yí河hé及jí山shān东dōng泉quán水shuǐ也yě。自zì茶chá城chéng秦qín沟gōu，南nán历lì徐xú、吕lǚ，浮fú邳pī，会huì大dà沂yí河hé，至zhì清qīng河hé县xiàn入rù淮huái后hòu，从cóng直zhí河hé口kǒu抵dǐ清qīng口kǒu者zhě，黄huáng河hé水shuǐ也yě。自zì清qīng口kǒu而ér南nán，至zhì於yú瓜guā、仪yí者zhě，淮huái、扬yáng诸zhū湖hú水shuǐ也yě。过guò此cǐ则zé长cháng江jiāng矣yǐ。长cháng江jiāng以yǐ南nán，则zé松sōng、苏sū、浙zhè江jiāng运yùn道dào也yě。淮huái、扬yáng至zhì京jīng口kǒu以yǐ南nán之zhī河hé，通tōng谓wèi之zhī转zhuǎn运yùn河hé，而ér由yóu瓜guā、仪yí达dá淮huái安ān者zhě，又yòu谓wèi之zhī南nán河hé，由yóu黄huáng河hé达dá丰fēng、沛pèi曰yuē中zhōng河hé，由yóu山shān东dōng达dá天tiān津jīn曰yuē北běi河hé，由yóu天tiān津jīn达dá张zhāng家jiā湾wān曰yuē通tōng济jì河hé，而ér总zǒng名míng曰yuē漕cáo河hé。其qí逾yú京jīng师shī而ér东dōng若ruò蓟jì州zhōu，西xī北běi若ruò昌chāng平píng，皆jiē尝cháng有yǒu河hé通tōng，转zhuǎn漕cáo饷xiǎng军jūn。

漕cáo河hé之zhī别bié，曰yuē白bái漕cáo、卫wèi漕cáo、闸zhá漕cáo、河hé漕cáo、湖hú漕cáo、江jiāng漕cáo、浙zhè漕cáo。因yīn地dì为wèi号hào，流liú俗sú所suǒ通tōng称chēng也yě。淮huái、扬yáng诸zhū水shuǐ所suǒ汇huì，徐xú、兗yǎn河hé流liú所suǒ经jīng，疏shū瀹yuè决jué排pái，繄yī人rén力lì是shì系xì，故gù闸zhá、河hé、湖hú於yú转zhuǎn漕cáo尤yóu急jí。

闸zhá漕cáo者zhě，即jí会huì通tōng河hé。北běi至zhì临lín清qīng，与yǔ卫wèi河hé会huì，南nán出chū茶chá城chéng口kǒu，与yǔ黄huáng河hé会huì，资zī汶wèn、洸guāng、泗sì水shuǐ及jí山shān东dōng泉quán源yuán。泉quán源yuán之zhī派pài有yǒu五wǔ。曰yuē分fēn水shuǐ者zhě，汶wèn水shuǐ派pài也yě，泉quán百bǎi四sì十shí有yǒu五wǔ。曰yuē天tiān井jǐng者zhě，济jì河hé派pài也yě，泉quán九jiǔ十shí有yǒu六liù。曰yuē鲁lǔ桥qiáo者zhě，泗sì河hé派pài也yě，泉quán二èr十shí有yǒu六liù。曰yuē沙shā河hé者zhě，新xīn河hé派pài也yě，二èr十shí有yǒu八bā。曰yuē邳pī州zhōu者zhě，沂yí河hé派pài也yě，泉quán十shí有yǒu六liù。诸zhū泉quán所suǒ汇huì为wèi湖hú，其qí浸jìn十shí五wǔ。曰yuē南nán旺wàng，东dōng西xī二èr湖hú，周zhōu百bǎi五wǔ十shí馀yú里lǐ，运yùn渠qú贯guàn其qí中zhōng。北běi曰yuē马mǎ蹋tà，南nán曰yuē蜀shǔ山shān，曰yuē苏sū鲁lǔ。又yòu南nán曰yuē马mǎ场chǎng。又yòu南nán八bā十shí里lǐ曰yuē南nán阳yáng，亦yì曰yuē独dú山shān，周zhōu七qī十shí馀yú里lǐ。北běi曰yuē安ān山shān，周zhōu八bā十shí三sān里lǐ。南nán曰yuē大dà、小xiǎo昭zhāo阳yáng，大dà湖hú袤mào十shí八bā里lǐ，小xiǎo湖hú杀shā三sān之zhī一yī，周zhōu八bā十shí馀yú里lǐ。由yóu马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo留liú城chéng闸zhá而ér南nán，曰yuē武wǔ家jiā，曰yuē赤chì山shān，曰yuē微wēi山shān，曰yuē吕lǚ孟mèng，曰yuē张zhāng王wáng诸zhū湖hú，连lián注zhù八bā十shí里lǐ，引yǐn薛xuē河hé由yóu地dì浜bāng沟gōu出chū，会huì於yú赤chì龙lóng潭tán，并bìng趋qū茶chá城chéng。自zì南nán旺wàng分fēn水shuǐ北běi至zhì临lín清qīng三sān百bǎi里lǐ，地dì降jiàng九jiǔ十shí尺chǐ，为wèi闸zhá二èr十shí有yǒu一yī；南nán至zhì镇zhèn口kǒu三sān百bǎi九jiǔ十shí里lǐ，地dì降jiàng百bǎi十shí有yǒu六liù尺chǐ，为wèi闸zhá二èr十shí有yǒu七qī。其qí外wài又yòu有yǒu积jī水shuǐ、进jìn水shuǐ、减jiǎn水shuǐ、平píng水shuǐ之zhī闸zhá五wǔ十shí有yǒu四sì。又yòu为wèi坝bà二èr十shí有yǒu一yī，所suǒ以yǐ防fáng运yùn河hé之zhī泄xiè，佐zuǒ闸zhá以yǐ为wéi用yòng者zhě也yě。其qí后hòu开kāi泇jiā河hé二èr百bǎi六liù十shí里lǐ，为wèi闸zhá十shí一yī，为wèi坝bà四sì。运yùn舟zhōu不bù出chū镇zhèn口kǒu，与yǔ黄huáng河hé会huì於yú董dǒng沟gōu。

河hé漕cáo者zhě，即jí黄huáng河hé。上shàng自zì茶chá城chéng与yù会huì通tōng河hé会huì，下xià至zhì清qīng口kǒu与yǔ淮huái河hé会huì。其qí道dào有yǒu三sān：中zhōng路lù曰yuē浊zhuó河hé，北běi路lù曰yuē银yín河hé，南nán路lù曰yuē符fú离lí河hé。南nán近jìn陵líng，北běi近jìn运yùn，惟wéi中zhōng路lù去qù陵líng远yuǎn，於yú运yùn有yǒu济jì。而ér河hé流liú迁qiān徙xǐ不bù常cháng，上shàng流liú苦kǔ溃kuì，下xià流liú苦kǔ淤yū。运yùn道dào自zì南nán而ér北běi，出chū清qīng口kǒu，经jīng桃táo、宿sù，溯sù二èr洪hóng，入rù镇zhèn口kǒu，陟zhì险xiǎn五wǔ百bǎi馀yú里lǐ。自zì二èr洪hóng以yǐ上shàng，河hé与yǔ漕cáo不bù相xiāng涉shè也yě。至zhì泇jiā河hé开kāi而ér二èr洪hóng避bì，董dǒng沟gōu辟pì而ér直zhí河hé淤yū，运yùn道dào之zhī资zī河hé者zhě二èr百bǎi六liù十shí里lǐ而ér止zhǐ，董dǒng沟gōu以yǐ上shàng，河hé又yòu无wú病bìng於yú漕cáo也yě。

湖hú漕cáo者zhě，由yóu淮huái安ān抵dǐ扬yáng州zhōu三sān百bǎi七qī十shí里lǐ，地dì卑bēi积jī水shuǐ，汇huì为wèi泽zé国guó。山shān阳yáng则zé有yǒu管guǎn家jiā、射shè阳yáng，宝bǎo应yìng则zé有yǒu白bái马mǎ、汜sì光guāng，高gāo邮yóu则zé有yǒu石shí臼jiù、甓pì社shè、武wǔ安ān、邵shào伯bó诸zhū湖hú。仰yǎng受shòu上shàng流liú之zhī水shuǐ，傍bàng接jiē诸zhū山shān之zhī源yuán，巨jù浸jìn连lián亘gèn，由yóu五wǔ塘táng以yǐ达dá於yú江jiāng。虑lǜ淮huái东dōng侵qīn，筑zhù高gāo家jiā堰yàn拒jù其qí上shàng流liú，筑zhù王wáng简jiǎn、张zhāng福fú二èr堤dī御yù其qí分fēn泄xiè。虑lǜ淮huái侵qīn而ér漕cáo败bài，开kāi淮huái安ān永yǒng济jì、高gāo邮yóu康kāng济jì、宝bǎo应yìng弘hóng济jì三sān月yuè河hé以yǐ通tōng舟zhōu。至zhì扬yáng子zi湾wān东dōng，则zé分fēn二èr道dào：一yī由yóu仪yí真zhēn通tōng江jiāng口kǒu，以yǐ漕cáo上shàng江jiāng湖hú广guǎng、江jiāng西xī；一yī由yóu瓜guā洲zhōu通tōng西xī江jiāng嘴zuǐ，以yǐ漕cáo下xià江jiāng两liǎng浙zhè。本běn非fēi河hé道dào，专zhuān取qǔ诸zhū湖hú之zhī水shuǐ，故gù曰yuē湖hú漕cáo。

太tài祖zǔ初chū起qǐ大dà军jūn北běi伐fá，开kāi蹋tà场chǎng口kǒu、耐nài牢láo坡pō，通tōng漕cáo以yǐ饷xiǎng梁liáng、晋jìn。定dìng都dū应yīng天tiān，运yùn道dào通tōng利lì：江jiāng西xī、湖hú广guǎng之zhī粟sù，浮fú江jiāng直zhí下xià；浙zhè西xī、吴wú中zhōng之zhī粟sù，由yóu转zhuǎn运yùn河hé；凤fèng、泗sì之zhī粟sù，浮fú淮huái；河hé南nán、山shān东dōng之zhī粟sù，下xià黄huáng河hé。尝cháng由yóu开kāi封fēng运yùn粟sù，溯sù河hé达dá渭wèi，以yǐ给gěi陕shǎn西xī，用yòng海hǎi运yùn以yǐ饷xiǎng辽liáo卒zú，有yǒu事shì於yú西xī北běi者zhě甚shèn鲜xiān。淮huái、扬yáng之zhī间jiān，筑zhù高gāo邮yóu湖hú堤dī二èr十shí馀yú里lǐ，开kāi宝bǎo应yìng倚yǐ湖hú直zhí渠qú四sì十shí里lǐ，筑zhù堤dī护hù之zhī。他tā小xiǎo修xiū筑zhù，无wú大dà利lì害hài也yě。

永yǒng乐lè四sì年nián，成chéng祖zǔ命mìng平píng江jiāng伯bó陈chén瑄xuān督dū转zhuǎn运yùn，一yī仍réng由yóu海hǎi，而ér一yī则zé浮fú淮huái入rù河hé，至zhì阳yáng武wǔ，陆lù挽wǎn百bǎi七qī十shí里lǐ抵dǐ卫wèi辉huī，浮fú於yú卫wèi，所suǒ谓wèi陆lù海hǎi兼jiān运yùn者zhě也yě。海hǎi运yùn多duō险xiǎn，陆lù挽wǎn亦yì艰jiān。九jiǔ年nián二èr月yuè乃nǎi用yòng济jǐ宁níng州zhōu同tóng知zhī潘pān叔shū正zhèng言yán，命mìng尚shàng书shū宋sòng礼lǐ、侍shì郎láng金jīn纯chún、都dū督dū周zhōu长cháng浚jùn会huì通tōng河hé。会huì通tōng河hé者zhě，元yuán转zhuǎn漕cáo故gù道dào也yě，元yuán末mò已yǐ废fèi不bù用yòng。洪hóng武wǔ二èr十shí四sì年nián，河hé决jué原yuán武wǔ，漫màn安ān山shān湖hú而ér东dōng，会huì通tōng尽jǐn淤yū，至zhì是shì复fù之zhī。由yóu济jǐ宁níng至zhì临lín清qīng三sān百bǎi八bā十shí五wǔ里lǐ，引yǐn汶wèn、泗sì入rù其qí中zhōng。泗sì出chū泗sì水shuǐ陪péi尾wěi山shān，四sì泉quán并bìng发fā，西xī流liú至zhì兗yǎn州zhōu城chéng东dōng，合hé於yú沂yí。汶wèn河hé有yǒu二èr：小xiǎo汶wèn河hé出chū新xīn泰tài宫gōng山shān下xià；大dà汶wèn河hé出chū泰tài安ān仙xiān台tái岭lǐng南nán，又yòu出chū莱lái芜wú原yuán山shān阴yīn及jí寨zhài子zi村cūn。俱jù至zhì静jìng丰fēng镇zhèn合hé流liú，饶ráo徂cú徠lái山shān阳yáng，而ér小xiǎo汶wèn河hé来lái会huì。经jīng宁níng阳yáng北běi堈gāng城chéng，西xī南nán流liú百bǎi馀yú里lǐ，至zhì汶wèn上shàng。其qí支zhī流liú曰yuē洸guāng河hé，出chū堈gāng城chéng西xī南nán，流liú三sān十shí里lǐ，会huì宁níng阳yáng诸zhū泉quán，经jīng济jì宁níng东dōng，与yǔ泗sì合hé。元yuán初chū，毕bì辅fǔ国guó始shǐ於yú堈gāng城chéng左zuǒ汶wèn水shuǐ阴yīn作zuò斗dǒu门mén，导dǎo汶wèn入rù洸guāng。至zhì元yuán中zhōng，又yòu分fēn流liú北běi入rù济jì，由yóu寿shòu张zhāng至zhì临lín清qīng，通tōng漳zhāng、御yù入rù海hǎi。

南nán旺wàng者zhě，南nán北běi之zhī脊jí也yě。自zì左zuǒ而ér南nán，距jù济jǐ宁níng九jiǔ十shí里lǐ，合hé沂yí、泗sì以yǐ济jì；自zì右yòu而ér北běi，距jù临lín清qīng三sān百bǎi馀yú里lǐ，无wú他tā水shuǐ，独dú赖lài汶wèn。礼lǐ用yòng汶wèn上shàng老lǎo人rén白bái英yīng策cè，筑zhù坝bà东dōng平píng之zhī戴dài村cūn，遏è汶wèn使shǐ无wú入rù洸guāng，而ér尽jǐn出chū南nán旺wàng，南nán北běi置zhì闸zhá三sān十shí八bā。又yòu开kāi新xīn河hé，自zì汶wèn上shàng袁yuán家jiā口kǒu左zuǒ徙xǐ五wǔ十shí里lǐ至zhì寿shòu张zhāng之zhī沙shā湾wān，以yǐ接jiē旧jiù河hé。其qí秋qiū，礼lǐ还hái，又yòu请qǐng疏shū东dōng平píng东dōng境jìng沙shā河hé淤yū沙shā三sān里lǐ，筑zhù堰yàn障zhàng之zhī，合hé马mǎ常cháng泊pō之zhī流liú入rù会huì通tōng济jì运yùn。又yòu於yú汶wèn上shàng、东dōng平píng、济jǐ宁níng、沛pèi县xiàn并bìng湖hú地dì设shè水shuǐ柜guì、陡dǒu门mén。在zài漕cáo河hé西xī者zhě曰yuē水shuǐ柜guì，东dōng者zhě曰yuē陡dǒu门mén，柜guì以yǐ蓄xù泉quán，门mén以yǐ泄xiè涨zhǎng。纯chún复fù浚jùn贾jiǎ鲁lǔ河hé故gù道dào，引yǐn黄huáng水shuǐ至zhì塌tā场chǎng口kǒu会huì汶wèn，经jīng徐xú、吕lǚ入rù淮huái。运yùn道dào以yǐ定dìng。

其qí后hòu宣xuān宗zōng时shí，尝cháng发fā军jūn民mín十shí二èr万wàn，浚jùn济jǐ宁níng以yǐ北běi自zì长zhǎng沟gōu至zhì枣zǎo林lín闸zhá百bǎi二èr十shí里lǐ，置zhì闸zhá诸zhū浅qiǎn，浚jùn湖hú塘táng以yǐ引yǐn山shān泉quán。正zhèng统tǒng时shí，浚jùn滕téng、沛pèi淤yū河hé，又yòu於yú济jǐ宁níng、胜shèng三sān州zhōu县xiàn疏shū泉quán置zhì闸zhá，易yì金jīn口kǒu堰yàn土tǔ坝bà为wèi石shí，蓄xù水shuǐ以yǐ资zī会huì通tōng。景jǐng帝dì时shí，增zēng置zhì济jǐ宁níng抵dǐ临lín清qīng减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá。天tiān顺shùn时shí，拓tuò临lín清qīng旧jiù闸zhá，移yí五wǔ十shí丈zhàng。宪xiàn宗zōng时shí，筑zhù汶wèn上shàng、济jǐ宁níng决jué堤dī百bǎi馀yú里lǐ，增zēng南nán旺wàng上shàng、下xià及jí安ān山shān三sān闸zhá。命mìng工gōng部bù侍shì郎láng杜dù谦qiān勘kān治zhì汶wèn、泗sì、洸guāng诸zhū泉quán。武wǔ宗zōng时shí，增zēng置zhì汶wèn上shàng袁yuán家jiā口kǒu及jí寺sì前qián铺pù石shí闸zhá，浚jùn南nán旺wàng淤yū八bā十shí里lǐ，而ér闸zhá漕cáo之zhī治zhì详xiáng。惟wéi河hé决jué则zé挟xié漕cáo而ér去qù，为wèi大dà害hài。

陈chén瑄xuān之zhī督dū运yùn也yě，於yú湖hú广guǎng、江jiāng西xī造zào平píng底dǐ浅qiǎn般bān三sān千qiān艘sōu。二èr省shěng及jí江jiāng、浙zhè之zhī米mǐ皆jiē由yóu江jiāng以yǐ入rù，至zhì淮huái安ān新xīn城chéng，盘pán五wǔ坝bà过guò淮huái。仁rén、义yì二èr坝bà在zài东dōng门mén外wài东dōng北běi，礼lǐ、智zhì、信xìn三sān坝bà在zài西xī门mén外wài西xī北běi，皆jiē自zì城chéng南nán引yǐn水shuǐ抵dǐ坝bà口kǒu，其qí外wài即jí淮huái河hé。清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ者zhě，直zhí淮huái城chéng西xī，永yǒng乐lè二èr年nián尝cháng一yī修xiū闸zhá。其qí口kǒu淤yū塞sè，则zé漕cáo船chuán由yóu二èr坝bà，官guān民mín商shāng船chuán由yóu三sān坝bà入rù淮huái，輓wǎn输shū甚shèn劳láo苦kǔ。瑄xuān访fǎng之zhī故gù老lǎo，言yán：“淮huái城chéng西xī管guǎn家jiā湖hú西xī北běi，距jù淮huái河hé鸭yā陈chén口kǒu仅jǐn二èr十shí里lǐ，与yǔ清qīng江jiāng口kǒu相xiāng值zhí，宜yí凿záo为wèi河hé，引yǐn湖hú水shuǐ通tōng漕cáo，宋sòng乔qiáo维wéi岳yuè所suǒ开kāi沙shā河hé旧jiù渠qú也yě。”瑄xuān乃nǎi凿záo清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ，导dǎo水shuǐ由yóu管guǎn家jiā湖hú入rù鸭yā陈chén口kǒu达dá淮huái。十shí三sān年nián五wǔ月yuè，工gōng成chéng。缘yuán西xī湖hú筑zhù堤dī亘gèn十shí里lǐ以yǐ引yǐn舟zhōu。淮huái口kǒu置zhì四sì闸zhá，曰yuē移yí风fēng、清qīng江jiāng、福fú兴xīng、新xīn庄zhuāng。以yǐ时shí启qǐ闭bì，严yán其qí禁jìn。并bìng浚jùn仪yí真zhēn、瓜guā洲zhōu河hé以yǐ通tōng江jiāng湖hú，凿záo吕lǚ梁liáng、百bǎi步bù二èr洪hóng石shí以yǐ平píng水shuǐ势shì，开kāi泰tài州zhōu白bái塔tǎ河hé以yǐ达dá大dà江jiāng。筑zhù高gāo邮yóu河hé堤dī，堤dī内nèi凿záo渠qú四sì十shí里lǐ。久jiǔ之zhī，复fù置zhì吕lǚ梁liáng石shí闸zhá，并bìng筑zhù宝bǎo应yìng、汜sì光guāng、白bái马mǎ诸zhū湖hú堤dī，堤dī皆jiē置zhì涵hán洞dòng，互hù相xiāng灌guàn注zhù。是shì时shí淮huái上shàng、徐xú州zhōu、济jǐ宁níng、临lín清qīng、德dé州zhōu皆jiē建jiàn仓cāng转zhuǎn输shū。滨bīn河hé置zhì舍shě五wǔ百bǎi六liù十shí八bā所suǒ，舍shě置zhì浅qiǎn夫fū。水shuǐ涩sè舟zhōu胶jiāo，俾bǐ之zhī导dǎo行xíng。增zēng置zhì浅qiǎn船chuán三sān千qiān馀yú艘sōu。设shè徐xú、沛pèi、沽gū头tóu、金jīn沟gōu、山shān东dōng、谷gǔ亭tíng、鲁lǔ桥qiáo等děng闸zhá。自zì是shì漕cáo运yùn直zhí达dá通tōng州zhōu，而ér海hǎi陆lù运yùn俱jù废fèi。

宣xuān德dé六liù年nián用yòng御yù史shǐ白bái圭guī言yán，浚jùn金jīn龙lóng口kǒu，引yǐn河hé水shuǐ达dá徐xú州zhōu以yǐ便biàn漕cáo。末mò年nián至zhì英yīng宗zōng初chū再zài浚jùn，并bìng及jí凤fèng池chí口kǒu水shuǐ，徐xú、吕lǚ二èr洪hóng，西xī小xiǎo河hé，而ér会huì通tōng安ān流liú，自zì永yǒng、宣xuān至zhì正zhèng统tǒng间jiān凡fán数shù十shí载zài。至zhì十shí三sān年nián，河hé决jué荥xíng阳yáng，东dōng冲chōng张zhāng秋qiū，溃kuì沙shā湾wān，运yùn道dào始shǐ坏huài。命mìng廷tíng臣chén塞sāi之zhī。

景jǐng泰tài三sān年nián五wǔ月yuè，堤dī工gōng乃nǎi完wán。未wèi匝zā月yuè而ér北běi马mǎ头tóu复fù决jué，掣chè漕cáo流liú以yǐ东dōng。清qīng河hé训xùn导dǎo唐táng学xué成chéng言yán：“河hé决jué沙shā湾wān，临lín清qīng告gào涸hé。地dì卑bēi堤dī薄báo，黄huáng河hé势shì急jí，故gù甫fǔ完wán堤dī而ér复fù决jué也yě。临lín清qīng至zhì沙shā湾wān十shí二èr闸zhá，有yǒu水shuǐ之zhī日rì，其qí势shì甚shèn陡dǒu。请qǐng於yú临lín清qīng以yǐ南nán浚jùn月yuè河hé通tōng舟zhōu，直zhí抵dǐ沙shā湾wān，不bù复fù由yóu闸zhá，则zé水shuǐ势shì缓huǎn而ér漕cáo运yùn通tōng矣yǐ。”帝dì即jí命mìng学xué成chéng与yǔ山shān东dōng巡xún抚fǔ洪hóng英yīng相xiāng度dù。工gōng部bù侍shì郎láng赵zhào荣róng则zé言yán：“沙shā湾wān抵dǐ张zhāng秋qiū岸àn薄báo，故gù数shù决jué。请qǐng於yú决jué处chǔ置zhì减jiǎn水shuǐ石shí坝bà，使shǐ东dōng入rù盐yán河hé，则zé运yùn河hé之zhī水shuǐ可kě蓄xù。然rán后hòu厚hòu堤dī岸àn，填tián决jué口kǒu，庶shù无wú后hòu患huàn。”

明míng年nián四sì月yuè，决jué口kǒu方fāng毕bì工gōng，而ér减jiǎn水shuǐ坝bà及jí南nán分fēn水shuǐ墩dūn先xiān败bài，已yǐ，复fù尽jǐn冲chōng墩dūn岸àn桥qiáo梁liáng，决jué北běi马mǎ头tóu，掣chè漕cáo水shuǐ入rù盐yán河hé，运yùn舟zhōu悉xī阻zǔ。教jiào谕yù彭péng埙xūn请qǐng立lì闸zhá以yǐ制zhì水shuǐ势shì，开kāi河hé以yǐ分fēn上shàng流liú。御yù史shǐ练liàn纲gāng上shàng其qí策cè。诏zhào下xià尚shàng书shū石shí璞pú。璞pú乃nǎi凿záo河hé三sān里lǐ，以yǐ避bì决jué口kǒu，上shàng下xià与yǔ运yùn河hé通tōng。是shì岁suì，漕cáo舟zhōu不bù前qián者zhě，命mìng漕cáo运yùn总zǒng兵bīng官guān徐xú恭gōng姑gū输shū东dōng昌chāng、济jǐ宁níng仓cāng。及jí明míng年nián，运yùn河hé胶jiāo浅qiǎn如rú故gù。恭gōng与yǔ都dōu御yù史shǐ王wáng竑hóng言yán：“漕cáo舟zhōu蚁yǐ聚jù临lín清qīng上shàng下xià，请qǐng亟jí敕chì都dōu御yù史shǐ徐xú有yǒu贞zhēn筑zhù塞sāi沙shā湾wān决jué河hé。”有yǒu贞zhēn不bù可kě，而ér献xiàn上shàng三sān策cè，请qǐng置zhì水shuǐ闸zhá，开kāi分fēn水shuǐ河hé，挑tiāo运yùn河hé。

六liù年nián三sān月yuè，诏zhào群qún臣chén集jí议yì方fāng略lüè。工gōng部bù尚shàng书shū江jiāng渊yuān等děng请qǐng用yòng官guān军jūn五wǔ万wàn以yǐ浚jùn运yùn。有yǒu贞zhēn恐kǒng役yì军jūn费fèi重zhòng，请qǐng复fù陈chén瑄xuān旧jiù制zhì，置zhì捞lāo浅qiǎn夫fū，用yòng沿yán河hé州zhōu县xiàn民mín，免miǎn其qí役yì。

五wǔ月yuè，浚jùn漕cáo工gōng竣jùn。七qī月yuè，沙shā湾wān决jué口kǒu工gōng亦yì竣jùn，会huì通tōng复fù安ān。都dōu御yù史shǐ陈chén泰tài一yī浚jùn淮huái、扬yáng漕cáo河hé，筑zhù口kǒu置zhì坝bà。黄huáng河hé尝cháng灌guàn新xīn庄zhuāng闸zhá至zhì清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ三sān十shí馀yú里lǐ，淤yū浅qiǎn阻zǔ漕cáo，稍shāo稍shāo浚jùn治zhì，即jí复fù其qí旧jiù。英yīng宗zōng初chū，命mìng官guān督dū漕cáo，分fēn济jǐ宁níng南nán北běi为wèi二èr，侍shì郎láng郑zhèng辰chén治zhì其qí南nán，副fù都dōu御yù史shǐ贾jiǎ谅liàng治zhì其qí北běi。

成chéng化huà七qī年nián，又yòu因yīn廷tíng议yì，分fēn漕cáo河hé沛pèi县xiàn以yǐ南nán、德dé州zhōu以yǐ北běi及jí山shān东dōng为wèi三sān道dào，各gè委wěi曹cáo郎láng及jí监jiān司sī专zhuān理lǐ，且qiě请qǐng简jiǎn风fēng力lì大dà臣chén总zǒng理lǐ其qí事shì。始shǐ命mìng侍shì郎láng王wáng恕shù为wèi总zǒng河hé。二èr十shí一yī年nián敕chì工gōng部bù侍shì郎láng杜dù谦qiān浚jùn运yùn道dào，自zì通tōng州zhōu至zhì淮huái、扬yáng，会huì山shān东dōng、河hé南nán抚fǔ按àn相xiāng度dù经jīng理lǐ。

弘hóng治zhì二èr年nián，河hé复fù决jué张zhāng秋qiū，冲chōng会huì通tōng河hé，命mìng户hù部bù侍shì郎láng白bái昂áng相xiāng治zhì。昂áng奏zòu金jīn龙lóng口kǒu决jué口kǒu已yǐ淤yū，河hé并bìng为wèi一yī大dà支zhī，由yóu祥xiáng符fú合hé沁qìn下xià徐xú州zhōu而ér去qù。其qí间jiān河hé道dào浅qiǎn隘ài，宜yí於yú所suǒ经jīng七qī县xiàn，筑zhù堤dī岸àn以yǐ卫wèi张zhāng秋qiū。下xià工gōng部bù议yì，从cóng其qí请qǐng。昂áng又yòu以yǐ漕cáo船chuán经jīng高gāo邮yóu甓pì社shè湖hú多duō溺nì，请qǐng於yú堤dī东dōng开kāi衤yī复fù河hé西xī四sì十shí里lǐ以yǐ通tōng舟zhōu。越yuè四sì年nián，河hé复fù决jué数shù道dào入rù运yùn河hé，坏huài张zhāng秋qiū东dōng堤dī，夺duó汶wèn水shuǐ入rù海hǎi，漕cáo流liú绝jué。时shí工gōng部bù侍shì郎láng陈chén政zhèng总zǒng理lǐ河hé道dào，集jí夫fū十shí五wǔ万wàn，治zhì未wèi效xiào而ér卒zú。

六liù年nián春chūn，副fù都dōu御yù史shǐ刘liú大dà夏xià奉fèng敕chì往wǎng治zhì决jué河hé。夏xià半bàn，漕cáo舟zhōu鳞lín集jí，乃nǎi先xiān自zì决jué口kǒu西xī岸àn凿záo月yuè河hé以yǐ通tōng漕cáo。经jīng营yíng二èr年nián，张zhāng秋qiū决jué口kǒu就jiù塞sāi，复fù筑zhù黄huáng陵líng冈gāng上shàng流liú。於yú是shì河hé复fù南nán下xià，运yùn道dào无wú阻zǔ。乃nǎi改gǎi张zhāng秋qiū曰yuē安ān平píng镇zhèn，建jiàn庙miào赐cì额é曰yuē显xiǎn惠huì神shén祠cí，命mìng大dà学xué士shì王wáng鏊ào纪jì其qí事shì，勒lēi於yú石shí。而ér白bái昂áng所suǒ开kāi高gāo邮yóu衤yī复fù河hé亦yì成chéng，赐cì名míng康kāng济jì，其qí西xī岸àn以yǐ石shí甃zhòu之zhī。又yòu甃zhòu高gāo邮yóu堤dī，自zì杭háng家jiā闸zhá至zhì张zhāng家jiā镇zhèn凡fán三sān十shí里lǐ。高gāo邮yóu堤dī者zhě，洪hóng武wǔ时shí所suǒ筑zhù也yě。陈chén瑄xuān因yīn旧jiù增zēng筑zhù，延yán及jí宝bǎo应yìng，土tǔ人rén相xiāng沿yán谓wèi之zhī老lǎo堤dī。正zhèng统tǒng三sān年nián易yì土tǔ以yǐ石shí。成chéng化huà时shí，遣qiǎn官guān筑zhù重zhòng堤dī於yú高gāo邮yóu、邵shào伯bó、宝bǎo应yìng、白bái马mǎ四sì湖hú老lǎo堤dī之zhī东dōng。而ér王wáng恕shù为wèi总zǒng河hé，修xiū淮huái安ān以yǐ南nán诸zhū决jué堤dī，且qiě浚jùn淮huái、扬yáng漕cáo河hé。重zhòng湖hú需xū民mín盗dào决jué溉gài田tián之zhī罚fá，造zào闸zhá达dá以yǐ储chǔ湖hú水shuǐ。及jí大dà夏xià塞sāi张zhāng秋qiū，而ér昂áng又yòu开kāi康kāng济jì，漕cáo河hé上shàng下xià无wú大dà患huàn者zhě二èr十shí馀yú年nián。

十shí六liù年nián，巡xún抚fǔ徐xú源yuán言yán：“济jǐ宁níng地dì最zuì高gāo，必bì引yǐn上shàng源yuán洸guāng水shuǐ以yǐ济jì，其qí口kǒu在zài堈gāng城chéng石shí濑lài之zhī上shàng。元yuán时shí治zhì闸zhá作zuò堰yàn，使shǐ水shuǐ尽jǐn入rù南nán旺wàng，分fēn济jǐ南nán北běi运yùn。成chéng化huà间jiān，易yì土tǔ以yǐ石shí。夫fū土tǔ堰yàn之zhī利lì，水shuǐ小xiǎo则zé遏è以yǐ入rù洮táo，水shuǐ大dà则zé闭bì闸zhá以yǐ防fáng沙shā壅yōng，听tīng其qí漫màn堰yàn西xī流liú。自zì石shí堰yàn成chéng，水shuǐ遂suì横héng溢yì，石shí堰yàn既jì坏huài，民mín田tián亦yì冲chōng。洸guāng河hé沙shā塞sāi，虽suī有yǒu闸zhá门mén，压yā不bù能néng启qǐ。乞qǐ毁huǐ石shí复fù土tǔ，疏shū洸guāng口kǒu壅yōng塞sè以yǐ至zhì济jǐ宁níng，而ér筑zhù堈gāng城chéng迤yí西xī春chūn城chéng口kǒu子zi决jué岸àn。”帝dì命mìng侍shì郎láng李lǐ遂suì往wǎng勘kān，言yán：“堈gāng城chéng石shí堰yàn，一yī可kě遏è淤yū沙shā，不bù为wèi南nán旺wàng湖hú之zhī害hài，一yī可kě杀shā水shuǐ势shì，不bù虑lǜ戴dài村cūn坝bà之zhī冲chōng，不bù宜yí毁huǐ。近jìn堰yàn积jī沙shā，宜yí浚jùn。堈gāng城chéng稍shāo东dōng有yǒu元yuán时shí旧jiù闸zhá，引yǐn洸guāng水shuǐ入rù济jǐ宁níng，下xià接jiē徐xú、吕lǚ漕cáo河hé。东dōng平píng州zhōu戴dài村cūn，则zé汶wèn水shuǐ入rù海hǎi故gù道dào也yě。自zì永yǒng乐lè初chū，横héng筑zhù一yī坝bà，遏è汶wèn入rù南nán旺wàng湖hú，漕cáo河hé始shǐ通tōng。今jīn自zì分fèn水shuǐ龙lóng王wáng庙miào至zhì天tiān井jǐng闸zhá九jiǔ十shí里lǐ，水shuǐ高gāo三sān丈zhàng有yǒu奇qí，若ruò洸guāng河hé更gèng浚jùn而ér深shēn，则zé汶wèn流liú尽jǐn向xiàng济jǐ宁níng而ér南nán，临lín清qīng河hé道dào必bì涸hé。洸guāng口kǒu不bù可kě浚jùn。堈gāng城chéng口kǒu至zhì柳liǔ泉quán九jiǔ十shí里lǐ，无wú关guān运yùn道dào，可kě弗fú事shì。柳liǔ泉quán至zhì济jǐ宁níng，汶wèn、泗sì诸zhū水shuǐ会huì流liú处chù，宜yí疏shū者zhě二èr十shí馀yú里lǐ。春chūn城chéng口kǒu，外wài障zhàng汶wèn水shuǐ，内nèi防fáng民mín田tián，堤dī卑bēi岸àn薄báo，宜yí与yǔ戴dài村cūn坝bà并bìng修xiū筑zhù。”从cóng之zhī。正zhèng德dé四sì年nián十shí月yuè，河hé决jué沛pèi县xiàn飞fēi云yún桥qiáo，入rù运yùn。寻xún塞sāi。

世shì宗zōng之zhī初chū，河hé数shù坏huài漕cáo。嘉jiā靖jìng六liù年nián，光guāng禄lù少shǎo卿qīng黄huáng绾wǎn论lùn泉quán源yuán之zhī利lì，言yán：“漕cáo河hé泉quán源yuán皆jiē发fā山shān东dōng南nán旺wàng、马mǎ场chǎng、樊fán村cūn、安ān山shān诸zhū湖hú。泉quán水shuǐ所suǒ钟zhōng，亟jí宜yí修xiū浚jùn，且qiě引yǐn他tā泉quán并bìng蓄xù，则zé漕cáo不bù竭jié。南nán旺wàng、马mǎ场chǎng堤dī外wài孙sūn村cūn地dì洼wā，若ruò潴zhū为wèi湖hú，改gǎi作zuò漕cáo道dào，尤yóu可kě免miǎn济jǐ宁níng高gāo原yuán浅qiǎn涩sè之zhī苦kǔ。”帝dì命mìng总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng章zhāng拯zhěng议yì。而ér拯zhěng以yǐ黄huáng水shuǐ入rù运yùn，运yùn船chuán阻zǔ沛pèi上shàng，方fāng为wèi御yù史shǐ吴wú仲zhòng所suǒ劾hé。拯zhěng言yán：“河hé塞sāi难nán遽jù通tōng，惟wéi金jīn沟gōu口kǒu迤yí北běi新xīn冲chōng一yī渠qú可kě令lìng运yùn船chuán由yóu此cǐ入rù昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú，出chū沙shā河hé板bǎn桥qiáo。其qí先xiān阻zǔ浅qiǎn者zhě，则zé西xī历lì鸡jī冢zhǒng寺sì，出chū庙miào道dào北běi口kǒu通tōng行xíng。下xià部bù并bìng议yì，未wèi决jué。给gěi事shì中zhōng张zhāng嵩sōng言yán：“昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú地dì庳bì，河hé势shì高gāo，引yǐn河hé灌guàn湖hú，必bì致zhì弥mí漫màn，使shǐ湖hú道dào复fù阻zǔ。请qǐng罢bà拯zhěng，别bié推tuī大dà臣chén。”部bù议yì如rú嵩sōng言yán。拯zhěng再zài疏shū自zì劾hé，乞qǐ罢bà，不bù许xǔ。卒zú引yǐn运yùn船chuán道dào湖hú中zhōng。其qí冬dōng，诏zhào拯zhěng还hái京jīng别bié叙xù，而ér命mìng择zé大dà臣chén督dū理lǐ。

诸zhū大dà臣chén多duō进jìn治zhì河hé议yì。詹zhān事shì霍huò韬tāo谓wèi：“前qián议yì役yì山shān东dōng、河hé南nán丁dīng夫fū数shù万wàn，疏shū浚jùn淤yū沙shā以yǐ通tōng运yùn。然rán沙shā随suí水shuǐ下xià，旋xuán浚jùn旋xuán淤yū。今jīn运yùn舟zhōu由yóu昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú入rù鸡jī鸣míng台tái至zhì沙shā河hé，迂yū回huí不bù过guò百bǎi里lǐ。若ruò沿yán湖hú筑zhù堤dī，浚jùn为wèi小xiǎo河hé，河hé口kǒu为wèi闸zhá，以yǐ待dài蓄xù泄xiè，水shuǐ溢yì可kě避bì风fēng涛tāo，水shuǐ涸hé易yì为wèi疏shū浚jùn。三sān月yuè而ér土tǔ堤dī成chéng，一yī年nián而ér石shí堤dī成chéng，用yòng力lì少shǎo，取qǔ效xiào速sù。黄huáng河hé愈yù溢yì，运yùn道dào愈yù利lì，较jiào之zhī役yì丁dīng夫fū以yǐ浚jùn淤yū土tǔ，劳láo逸yì大dà不bù侔móu也yě。”尚shàng书shū李lǐ承chéng勋xūn谓wèi：“於yú昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú左zuǒ别bié开kāi一yī河hé，引yǐn诸zhū泉quán为wèi运yùn道dào，自zì留liú城chéng沙shā河hé为wèi尤yóu便biàn。”与yǔ都dōu御yù史shǐ胡hú世shì宁níng议yì合hé。七qī年nián正zhēng月yuè，总zǒng河hé都dōu御yù史shǐ盛shèng应yīng期qī奏zòu如rú世shì宁níng策cè，请qǐng於yú昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú东dōng凿záo新xīn河hé，自zì汪wāng家jiā口kǒu南nán出chū留liú城chéng口kǒu，长zhǎng百bǎi四sì十shí里lǐ，刻kè期qī六liù月yuè毕bì工gōng。工gōng未wèi半bàn，而ér应yīng期qī罢bà去qù，役yì遂suì已yǐ。其qí后hòu三sān十shí年nián，硃zhū衡héng始shǐ循xún其qí遗yí迹jì，浚jùn而ér成chéng之zhī。是shì年nián冬dōng，总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng潘pān希xī会huì加jiā筑zhù济jì、沛pèi间jiān东dōng西xī两liǎng堤dī，以yǐ拒jù黄huáng河hé。

十shí九jiǔ年nián七qī月yuè，河hé决jué野yě鸡jī冈gāng，二èr洪hóng涸hé。督dū理lǐ河hé漕cáo侍shì郎láng王wáng以yǐ旂qí请qǐng浚jùn山shān东dōng诸zhū泉quán以yǐ济jì运yùn，且qiě筑zhù长zhǎng堤dī聚jù水shuǐ，如rú闸zhá河hé制zhì。遂suì清qīng旧jiù泉quán百bǎi七qī十shí八bā，开kāi新xīn泉quán三sān十shí一yī。以yǐ旂qí复fù奏zòu四sì事shì。一yī请qǐng以yǐ诸zhū泉quán分fēn隶lì守shǒu土tǔ官guān兼jiān理lǐ其qí事shì，毋wú使shǐ堙yīn塞sāi。一yī请qǐng於yú境jìng山shān镇zhèn、徐xú、吕lǚ二èr洪hóng之zhī下xià，各gè建jiàn石shí闸zhá，蓄xù水shuǐ数shù尺chǐ以yǐ行xíng舟zhōu，旁páng留liú月yuè河hé以yǐ泄xiè暴bào汛xùn；筑zhù四sì木mù闸zhá於yú武wǔ家jiā沟gōu、小xiǎo河hé口kǒu、石shí城chéng、匙shi头tóu湾wān，而ér置zhì方fāng船chuán於yú沙shā坊fāng等děng浅qiǎn，以yǐ备bèi捞lāo浚jùn。一yī言yán漕cáo河hé两liǎng岸àn有yǒu南nán旺wàng、安ān山shān、马mǎ场chǎng、昭zhāo阳yáng四sì湖hú，名míng为wèi水shuǐ柜guì，所suǒ以yǐ汇huì诸zhū泉quán济jì漕cáo河hé也yě。豪háo强qiáng侵qīn占zhàn，蓄xù水shuǐ不bù多duō，而ér昭zhāo阳yáng一yī湖hú淤yū成chéng高gāo地dì，大dà非fēi国guó初chū设shè湖hú初chū意yì。宜yí委wěi官guān清qīng理lǐ，添tiān置zhì闸zhá、坝bà、斗dǒu门mén，培péi筑zhù堤dī岸àn，多duō开kāi沟gōu渠qú，浚jùn深shēn河hé底dǐ，以yǐ复fù四sì柜guì。一yī言yán黄huáng河hé南nán徙xǐ，旧jiù闸zhá口kǒu俱jù塞sāi，惟wéi孙sūn继jì一yī口kǒu独dú存cún。导dǎo河hé出chū徐xú州zhōu小xiǎo浮fú桥qiáo，下xià徐xú、吕lǚ二èr洪hóng，此cǐ济jì运yùn之zhī大dà者zhě。请qǐng於yú孙sūn继jì口kǒu多duō开kāi一yī沟gōu，及jí时shí疏shū瀹yuè，庶shù二èr洪hóng得dé济jì。帝dì可kě其qí奏zòu，而ér以yǐ管guǎn泉quán专zhuān责zé之zhī部bù曹cáo。

徐xú、吕lǚ二èr洪hóng者zhě，河hé漕cáo咽yān喉hóu也yě。自zì陈chén瑄xuān凿záo石shí疏shū渠qú，正zhèng统tǒng初chū，复fù浚jùn洪hóng西xī小xiǎo河hé。漕cáo运yùn参cān将jiāng汤tāng节jié又yòu以yǐ洪hóng迅xùn败bài舟zhōu，於yú上shàng流liú筑zhù堰yàn，逼bī水shuǐ归guī月yuè河hé，河hé南nán建jiàn闸zhá以yǐ蓄xù水shuǐ势shì。成chéng化huà四sì年nián，管guǎn河hé主zhǔ簿bù郭guō升shēng以yǐ大dà石shí筑zhù两liǎng堤dī，锢gù以yǐ铁tiě锭dìng，凿záo外wài洪hóng败bài船chuán恶è石shí三sān百bǎi，而ér平píng筑zhù里lǐ洪hóng堤dī岸àn，又yòu甃zhòu石shí岸àn东dōng西xī四sì百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng。十shí六liù年nián增zēng甃zhòu吕lǚ梁liáng洪hóng石shí堤dī、石shí坝bà二èr百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng，以yǐ资zī牵qiān挽wǎn。及jí是shì建jiàn闸zhá，行xíng者zhě益yì便biàn之zhī。

四sì十shí四sì年nián七qī月yuè，河hé大dà决jué沛pèi县xiàn，漫màn昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú，由yóu沙shā河hé至zhì二èr洪hóng，浩hào渺miǎo无wú际jì，运yùn道dào淤yū塞sè百bǎi馀yú里lǐ。督dū理lǐ河hé漕cáo尚shàng书shū硃zhū衡héng循xún览lǎn盛shèng应yīng期qī所suǒ凿záo新xīn河hé遗yí迹jì，请qǐng开kāi南nán阳yáng、留liú城chéng上shàng下xià。总zǒng河hé都dōu御yù史shǐ潘pān季jì驯xùn不bù可kě。衡héng言yán：“是shì河hé直zhí秦qín沟gōu，有yǒu所suǒ束shù隘ài。伏fú秋qiū黄huáng水shuǐ盛shèng，昭zhāo阳yáng受shòu之zhī，不bù为wèi壑hè也yě。”乃nǎi决jué计jì开kāi浚jùn，身shēn自zì督dū工gōng，重zhòng惩chéng不bù用yòng命mìng者zhě。给gěi事shì中zhōng郑zhèng钦qīn劾hé衡héng故gù兴xīng难nán成chéng之zhī役yì，虐nüè民mín幸xìng功gōng。朝cháo廷tíng遣qiǎn官guān勘kān新xīn旧jiù河hé孰shú利lì。给gěi事shì中zhōng何hé起qǐ鸣míng勘kān河hé还hái，言yán：“旧jiù河hé难nán复fù有yǒu五wǔ，而ér新xīn河hé之zhī难nán成chéng者zhě亦yì有yǒu三sān。顾gù新xīn河hé多duō旧jiù堤dī高gāo阜fù，黄huáng水shuǐ难nán侵qīn，睃suō而ér通tōng之zhī，运yùn道dào必bì利lì。所suǒ谓wèi三sān难nán者zhě，一yī以yǐ夏xià村cūn迤yí北běi地dì高gāo，恐kǒng难nán接jiē水shuǐ，然rán地dì势shì高gāo低dī，大dà约yuē不bù过guò二èr丈zhàng，一yī视shì水shuǐ平píng加jiā深shēn，何hé患huàn水shuǐ浅qiǎn。一yī以yǐ三sān河hé口kǒu积jī沙shā深shēn厚hòu，水shuǐ势shì湍tuān急jí，不bù无wú阻zǔ塞sè，然rán建jiàn坝bà拦lán截jié，岁suì一yī挑tiāo浚jùn之zhī，何hé患huàn沙shā壅yōng。一yī以yǐ马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo筑zhù堤dī，微wēi山shān取qǔ土tǔ不bù便biàn，又yòu恐kǒng水shuǐ口kǒu投tóu埽sào，势shì必bì不bù坚jiān，然rán使shǐ委wěi任rèn得dé人rén，培péi筑zhù高gāo厚hòu，无wú必bì不bù可kě措cuò力lì之zhī理lǐ。开kāi新xīn河hé便biàn。”下xià廷tíng臣chén集jí议yì，言yán新xīn河hé已yǐ有yǒu次cì第dì，不bù可kě止zhǐ。况kuàng百bǎi中zhōng桥qiáo至zhì留liú城chéng白bái洋yáng浅qiǎn，出chū境jìng山shān，疏shū浚jùn补bǔ筑zhù，亦yì不bù全quán弃qì旧jiù河hé，群qún议yì俱jù合hé。帝dì意yì乃nǎi决jué。时shí大dà雨yǔ，黄huáng水shuǐ骤zhòu发fā，决jué马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo，坏huài新xīn筑zhù东dōng西xī二èr堤dī。给gěi事shì中zhōng王wáng元yuán春chūn、御yù史shǐ黄huáng襄xiāng皆jiē劾hé衡héng欺qī误wù，起qǐ鸣míng亦yì变biàn其qí说shuō。会huì衡héng奏zòu新xīn旧jiù河hé百bǎi九jiǔ十shí四sì里lǐ俱jù已yǐ流liú通tōng，漕cáo船chuán至zhì南nán阳yáng出chū口kǒu无wú滞zhì。诏zhào留liú衡héng与yǔ季jì驯xùn详xiáng议yì开kāi上shàng源yuán、筑zhù长zhǎng堤dī之zhī便biàn。

隆lóng庆qìng元yuán年nián正zhēng月yuè，衡héng请qǐng罢bà上shàng源yuán议yì，惟wéi开kāi广guǎng秦qín沟gōu，坚jiān筑zhù南nán长zhǎng堤dī。五wǔ月yuè，新xīn河hé成chéng，西xī去qù旧jiù河hé三sān十shí里lǐ。旧jiù河hé自zì留liú城chéng以yǐ北běi，经jīng谢xiè沟gōu、下xià沽gū头tóu、中zhōng沽gū头tóu、金jīn沟gōu四sì闸zhá，过guò沛pèi县xiàn，又yòu经jīng庙miào道dào口kǒu、湖hú陵líng城chéng、孟mèng阳yáng、八bā里lǐ湾wān、谷gǔ亭tíng五wǔ闸zhá，而ér至zhì南nán阳yáng闸zhá。新xīn河hé自zì留liú城chéng而ér北běi，经jīng马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo、西xī柳liǔ庄zhuāng、满mǎn家jiā桥qiáo、夏xià镇zhèn、杨yáng庄zhuāng、硃zhū梅méi、利lì建jiàn七qī闸zhá，至zhì南nán阳yáng闸zhá合hé旧jiù河hé，凡fán百bǎi四sì十shí里lǐ有yǒu奇qí。又yòu引yǐn鲇nián鱼yú诸zhū泉quán及jí薛xuē河hé、沙shā河hé注zhù其qí中zhōng，而ér设shè坝bà於yú三sān河hé之zhī口kǒu，筑zhù马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo堤dī，遏è黄huáng水shuǐ入rù秦qín沟gōu，运yùn道dào乃nǎi大dà通tōng。未wèi几jǐ，鲇nián鱼yú口kǒu山shān水shuǐ暴bào决jué，没méi漕cáo艘sōu。帝dì从cóng衡héng请qǐng，自zì东dōng邵shào开kāi支zhī河hé三sān道dào以yǐ分fēn泄xiè之zhī，又yòu开kāi支zhī河hé於yú东dōng邵shào之zhī上shàng，历lì东dōng沧cāng桥qiáo以yǐ达dá百bǎi中zhōng桥qiáo，凿záo豸zhì里lǐ沟gōu诸zhū处chù为wèi渠qú，使shǐ水shuǐ入rù赤chì山shān湖hú，由yóu之zhī以yǐ归guī吕lǚ孟mèng湖hú，下xià境jìng山shān而ér去qù。

衡héng召zhào入rù为wèi工gōng部bù尚shàng书shū，都dōu御yù史shǐ翁wēng大dà立lì代dài，上shàng言yán：“漕cáo河hé资zī泉quán水shuǐ，而ér地dì形xíng东dōng高gāo西xī下xià，非fēi湖hú潴zhū之zhī则zé涸hé，故gù漕cáo河hé以yǐ东dōng皆jiē有yǒu柜guì；非fēi湖hú泄xiè之zhī则zé溃kuì，故gù漕cáo河hé以yǐ西xī皆jiē有yǒu壑hè。黄huáng流liú逆nì奔bēn，则zé以yǐ昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú为wèi散sǎn漫màn之zhī区qū；山shān水shuǐ东dōng突tū，则zé以yǐ南nán阳yáng湖hú为wèi潴zhū蓄xù之zhī地dì。宜yí由yóu回huí回huí墓mù开kāi通tōng以yǐ达dá鸿hóng沟gōu，令lìng谷gǔ亭tíng、湖hú陵líng之zhī水shuǐ皆jiē入rù昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú，即jí浚jùn鸿hóng沟gōu废fèi渠qú，引yǐn昭zhāo阳yáng湖hú水shuǐ沿yán渠qú东dōng出chū留liú城chéng。其qí湖hú地dì退tuì滩tān者zhě，又yòu可kě得dé田tián数shù千qiān顷qǐng。”大dà立lì又yòu言yán：“薛xuē河hé水shuǐ湍tuān悍hàn，今jīn尽jǐn注zhù赤chì山shān湖hú，入rù微wēi山shān湖hú以yǐ达dá吕lǚ孟mèng湖hú，此cǐ尚shàng书shū衡héng成chéng绩jì也yě。惟wéi吕lǚ孟mèng之zhī南nán为wèi邵shào家jiā岭lǐng，黄huáng流liú填tián淤yū，地dì形xíng高gāo仰yǎng，秋qiū水shuǐ时shí至zhì，翕xī纳nà者zhě小xiǎo，浸jìn淫yín平píng野yě，夺duó民mín田tián之zhī利lì。微wēi山shān之zhī西xī为wèi马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo，比bǐ草cǎo创chuàng一yī堤dī以yǐ开kāi运yùn道dào，土tǔ未wèi及jí坚jiān而ér时shí为wèi积jī水shuǐ所suǒ撼hàn，以yǐ寻xún丈zhàng之zhī址zhǐ，二èr流liú夹jiā攻gōng，虑lǜ有yǒu倾qīng圮pǐ。宜yí凿záo邵shào家jiā岭lǐng，令lìng水shuǐ由yóu地dì浜bāng沟gōu出chū境jìng山shān以yǐ入rù漕cáo河hé，则zé湖hú地dì可kě耕gēng，河hé堤dī不bù溃kuì。更gèng於yú马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo建jiàn减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá，视shì旱hàn涝lào为wèi启qǐ闭bì，乃nǎi通tōng漕cáo长cháng策cè也yě。”并bìng从cóng之zhī。

三sān年nián七qī月yuè，河hé决jué沛pèi县xiàn，茶chá城chéng淤yū塞sè，粮liáng艘sōu二èr千qiān馀yú皆jiē阻zǔ邳pī州zhōu。大dà立lì言yán：“臣chén按àn行xíng徐xú州zhōu，循xún子zi房fáng山shān，过guò梁liáng山shān，至zhì境jìng山shān，入rù地dì浜bāng沟gōu，直zhí趋qū马mǎ家jiā桥qiáo，上shàng下xià八bā十shí里lǐ间jiān，可kě别bié开kāi一yī河hé以yǐ漕cáo。”即jí所suǒ谓wèi泇jiā河hé也yě。请qǐng集jí廷tíng议yì，上shàng即jí命mìng行xíng之zhī。未wèi几jǐ，黄huáng落luò漕cáo通tōng，前qián议yì遂suì寝qǐn。时shí淮huái水shuǐ涨zhǎng溢yì，自zì清qīng河hé至zhì淮huái安ān城chéng西xī淤yū三sān十shí馀yú里lǐ，决jué礼lǐ、信xìn二èr坝bà出chū海hǎi，宝bǎo应yìng湖hú堤dī多duō坏huài。山shān东dōng诸zhū水shuǐ从cóng直zhí河hé出chū邳pī州zhōu。大dà立lì以yǐ闻wén。其qí冬dōng，自zì淮huái安ān板bǎn闸zhá至zhì清qīng河hé西xī湖hú嘴zuǐ开kāi浚jùn垂chuí成chéng，而ér里lǐ口kǒu复fù塞sāi。督dū漕cáo侍shì郎láng赵zhào孔kǒng昭zhāo言yán：“清qīng江jiāng一yī带dài黄huáng河hé五wǔ十shí里lǐ，宜yí筑zhù堰yàn以yǐ防fáng河hé溢yì；淮huái河hé高gāo良liáng涧jiàn一yī带dài七qī十shí馀yú里lǐ，宜yí筑zhù堰yàn以yǐ防fáng淮huái涨zhǎng。”帝dì令lìng亟jí浚jùn里lǐ口kǒu，与yǔ大dà立lì商shāng筑zhù堰yàn事shì宜yí，并bìng议yì海hǎi口kǒu筑zhù塞sāi及jí宝bǎo应yìng月yuè河hé二èr事shì。

四sì年nián六liù月yuè，淮huái河hé及jí鸿hóng沟gōu境jìng山shān疏shū浚jùn工gōng竣jùn。大dà立lì方fāng奏zòu闻wén，诸zhū水shuǐ忽hū骤zhòu溢yì，决jué仲zhòng家jiā浅qiǎn，与yǔ黄huáng河hé合hé，茶chá城chéng复fù淤yū。未wèi几jǐ，自zì泰tài山shān庙miào至zhì七qī里lǐ沟gōu，淮huái河hé淤yū十shí馀yú里lǐ，其qí水shuǐ从cóng硃zhū家jiā沟gōu旁páng出chū，至zhì清qīng河hé县xiàn河hé南nán镇zhèn以yǐ合hé於yú黄huáng河hé。大dà立lì请qǐng开kāi新xīn庄zhuāng闸zhá以yǐ通tōng回huí船chuán，兼jiān浚jùn古gǔ睢suī河hé，泄xiè二èr洪hóng水shuǐ，且qiě分fēn河hé自zì鱼yú沟gōu下xià草cǎo湾wān，保bǎo南nán北běi运yùn道dào。帝dì命mìng新xīn任rèn总zǒng河hé都dōu御yù史shǐ潘pān季jì驯xùn区qū画huà。顷qǐng之zhī，河hé大dà决jué邳pī州zhōu，睢suī宁níng运yùn道dào淤yū百bǎi馀yú里lǐ。大dà立lì请qǐng开kāi泇jiā口kǒu、萧xiāo县xiàn二èr河hé。会huì季jì驯xùn筑zhù塞sāi诸zhū决jué，河hé水shuǐ归guī正zhèng流liú，漕cáo船chuán获huò通tōng。大dà立lì、孔kǒng昭zhāo皆jiē以yǐ迟chí误wù漕cáo粮liáng削xuē籍jí，开kāi泇jiā之zhī议yì不bù果guǒ行xíng。

五wǔ年nián四sì月yuè，河hé复fù决jué邳pī州zhōu王wáng家jiā口kǒu，自zì双shuāng沟gōu而ér下xià，南nán北běi决jué口kǒu十shí馀yú，损sǔn漕cáo船chuán运yùn军jūn千qiān计jì，没méi粮liáng四sì十shí万wàn馀yú石shí，而ér匙shi头tóu湾wān以yǐ下xià八bā十shí里lǐ皆jiē淤yū。於yú是shì胶jiāo、莱lái海hǎi运yùn之zhī议yì纷fēn起qǐ。会huì季jì驯xùn奏zòu邳pī河hé功gōng成chéng。帝dì以yǐ漕cáo运yùn迟chí，遣qiǎn给gěi事shì中zhōng雒luò遵zūn往wǎng勘kān。总zǒng漕cáo陈chén炌kài及jí季jì驯xùn俱jù罢bà官guān。

六liù年nián，从cóng雒luò遵zūn言yán，修xiū筑zhù茶chá城chéng至zhì清qīng河hé长zhǎng堤dī五wǔ百bǎi五wǔ十shí里lǐ，三sān里lǐ一yī铺pù，铺pù十shí夫fū，设shè官guān画huà地dì而ér守shǒu。又yòu接jiē筑zhù茶chá城chéng至zhì开kāi封fēng两liǎng岸àn堤dī。从cóng硃zhū衡héng言yán，缮shàn丰fēng、沛pèi大dà黄huáng堤dī。衡héng又yòu言yán：“漕cáo河hé起qǐ仪yí真zhēn讫qì张zhāng家jiā湾wān二èr千qiān八bā百bǎi馀yú里lǐ，河hé势shì凡fán四sì段duàn，各gè不bù相xiāng同tóng。清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ以yǐ南nán，临lín清qīng以yǐ北běi，皆jiē远yuǎn隔gé黄huáng河hé，不bù烦fán用yòng力lì。惟wéi茶chá城chéng至zhì临lín清qīng，则zé闸zhá诸zhū泉quán为wèi河hé，与yǔ黄huáng相xiāng近jìn。清qīng河hé至zhì茶chá城chéng，则zé黄huáng河hé即jí运yùn河hé也yě。茶chá城chéng以yǐ北běi，当dāng防fáng黄huáng河hé之zhī决jué而ér入rù；茶chá城chéng以yǐ南nán，当dāng防fáng黄huáng河hé之zhī决jué而ér出chū。防fáng黄huáng河hé即jí所suǒ以yǐ保bǎo运yùn河hé，故gù自zì茶chá城chéng至zhì邳pī、迁qiān，高gāo筑zhù两liǎng堤dī，宿sù迁qiān至zhì清qīng河hé，尽jǐn塞sāi缺quē口kǒu，盖gài以yǐ防fáng黄huáng水shuǐ之zhī出chū，则zé正zhèng河hé必bì淤yū，昨zuó岁suì徐xú、邳pī之zhī患huàn是shì也yě。自zì茶chá城chéng秦qín沟gōu口kǒu至zhì丰fēng、沛pèi、曹cáo、单dān，创chuàng筑zhù增zēng筑zhù以yǐ接jiē缕lǚ水shuǐ旧jiù堤dī，盖gài以yǐ防fáng黄huáng水shuǐ之zhī入rù，则zé正zhèng河hé必bì决jué，往wǎng年nián曹cáo、沛pèi之zhī患huàn是shì也yě。二èr处chù告gào竣jùn，故gù河hé深shēn水shuǐ束shù，无wú旁páng决jué中zhōng溃kuì之zhī虞yú。氵shui市shì县xiàn之zhī窑yáo子zi头tóu至zhì秦qín沟gōu口kǒu，应yīng筑zhù堤dī七qī十shí里lǐ，接jiē古gǔ北běi堤dī。徐xú、邳pī之zhī间jiān，堤dī逼bī河hé身shēn，宜yí於yú新xīn堤dī外wài别bié筑zhù遥yáo堤dī。”诏zhào如rú其qí议yì，以yǐ命mìng总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng万wàn恭gōng。

万wàn历lì元yuán年nián，恭gōng言yán：“祖zǔ宗zōng时shí造zào浅qiǎn船chuán近jìn万wàn，非fēi不bù知zhī满mǎn载zài省shěng舟zhōu之zhī便biàn，以yǐ闸zhá河hé流liú浅qiǎn，故gù不bù敢gǎn过guò四sì百bǎi石shí也yě。其qí制zhì底dǐ平píng、仓cāng浅qiǎn，底dǐ平píng则zé入rù水shuǐ不bù深shēn，仓cāng浅qiǎn则zé负fù载zài不bù满mǎn。又yòu限xiàn浅qiǎn船chuán用yòng水shuǐ不bù得dé过guò六liù拏ná，伸shēn大dà指zhǐ与yǔ食shí指zhǐ相xiāng距jù为wèi一yī拏ná，六liù拏ná不bù过guò三sān尺chǐ许xǔ，明míng受shòu水shuǐ浅qiǎn也yě。今jīn不bù务wù遵zūn行xíng，而ér竞jìng雇gù船chuán搭dā运yùn。雇gù船chuán有yǒu三sān害hài，搭dā运yùn有yǒu五wǔ害hài，皆jiē病bìng河hé道dào。请qǐng悉xī遵zūn旧jiù制zhì。”从cóng之zhī。

恭gōng又yòu请qǐng复fù淮huái南nán平píng水shuǐ诸zhū闸zhá，上shàng言yán：“高gāo、宝bǎo诸zhū湖hú周zhōu遭zāo数shù百bǎi里lǐ，西xī受shòu天tiān长zhǎng七qī十shí馀yú河hé，徒tú恃shì百bǎi里lǐ长zhǎng堤dī，若ruò障zhàng之zhī使shǐ无wú疏shū泄xiè，是shì溃kuì堤dī也yě。以yǐ故gù祖zǔ宗zōng之zhī法fǎ，偏piān置zhì数shù十shí小xiǎo闸zhá於yú长zhǎng堤dī之zhī间jiān，又yòu为wèi令lìng曰yuē：“但dàn许xǔ深shēn湖hú，不bù许xǔ高gāo堤dī”，故gù设shè浅qiǎn船chuán浅qiǎn夫fū取qǔ湖hú之zhī淤yū以yǐ厚hòu堤dī。夫fū闸zhá多duō则zé水shuǐ易yì落luò而ér堤dī坚jiān，浚jùn勤qín则zé湖hú愈yù深shēn而ér堤dī厚hòu，意yì至zhì深shēn远yuǎn也yě。比bǐ年nián畏wèi修xiū闸zhá之zhī劳láo，每měi坏huài一yī闸zhá即jí堙yīn一yī闸zhá，岁suì月yuè既jì久jiǔ，诸zhū闸zhá尽jǐn堙yīn，而ér长zhǎng堤dī为wèi死sǐ障zhàng矣yǐ。畏wèi浚jùn浅qiǎn之zhī苦kǔ，每měi湖hú浅qiǎn一yī尺chǐ则zé加jiā堤dī一yī尺chǐ，岁suì月yuè既jì久jiǔ，湖hú水shuǐ捧pěng起qǐ，而ér高gāo、宝bǎo为wèi盂yú城chéng矣yǐ。且qiě湖hú漕cáo勿wù堤dī与yǔ无wú漕cáo同tóng，湖hú堤dī勿wù闸zhá与yǔ无wú堤dī同tóng。陈chén瑄xuān大dà置zhì减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá数shù十shí，湖hú水shuǐ溢yì则zé泻xiè以yǐ利lì堤dī，水shuǐ落luò则zé闭bì以yǐ利lì漕cáo，最zuì为wèi完wán计jì。积jī久jiǔ而ér减jiǎn水shuǐ故gù迹jì不bù可kě复fù得dé，湖hú且qiě沉chén堤dī。请qǐng复fù建jiàn平píng水shuǐ闸zhá，闸zhá欲yù密mì，密mì则zé水shuǐ疏shū，无wú涨zhǎng懑mèn患huàn；闸zhá欲yù狭xiá，狭xiá则zé势shì缓huǎn，无wú啮niè决jué虞yú。”尚shàng书shū衡héng覆fù奏zòu如rú其qí请qǐng。於yú是shì仪yí直zhí、江jiāng都dū、高gāo邮yóu、宝bǎo应yìng、山shān阳yáng设shè闸zhá二èr十shí三sān，浚jùn浅qiǎn凡fán五wǔ十shí一yī处chù，各gè设shè捞lāo浅qiǎn船chuán二èr，浅qiǎn夫fū十shí。

恭gōng又yòu言yán：“清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ河hé六liù十shí里lǐ，陈chén瑄xuān浚jùn至zhì天tiān妃fēi祠cí东dōng，注zhù於yú黄huáng河hé。运yùn艘sōu出chū天tiān妃fēi口kǒu入rù黄huáng穿chuān清qīng特tè半bàn饷xiǎng耳ěr。后hòu黄huáng涨zhǎng，逆nì注zhù入rù口kǒu，清qīng遂suì多duō淤yū。议yì者zhě不bù制zhì天tiān妃fēi口kǒu而ér遽jù塞sāi之zhī，令lìng淮huái水shuǐ勿wù与yǔ黄huáng值zhí。开kāi新xīn河hé以yǐ接jiē淮huái河hé，曰yuē“接jiē清qīng流liú勿wù接jiē浊zhuó流liú，可kě不bù淤yū也yě”。不bù知zhī黄huáng河hé非fēi安ān流liú之zhī水shuǐ，伏fú秋qiū盛shèng发fā，则zé西xī拥yōng淮huái流liú数shù十shí里lǐ，并bìng灌guàn新xīn开kāi河hé。彼bǐ天tiān妃fēi口kǒu，一yī黄huáng水shuǐ之zhī淤yū耳ěr。今jīn淮huái、黄huáng会huì於yú新xīn闸zhá开kāi河hé口kǒu，是shì二èr淤yū也yě。防fáng一yī淤yū，生shēng二èr淤yū，又yòu生shēng淮huái、黄huáng交jiāo会huì之zhī浅qiǎn。岁suì役yì丁dīng夫fū千qiān百bǎi，浚jùn治zhì方fāng毕bì，水shuǐ过guò复fù合hé。又yòu使shǐ运yùn艘sōu迂yū八bā里lǐ浅qiǎn滞zhì而ér始shǐ达dá於yú清qīng河hé，孰shú与yǔ出chū天tiān妃fēi口kǒu者zhě之zhī便biàn且qiě利lì？请qǐng建jiàn天tiān妃fēi闸zhá，俾bǐ漕cáo船chuán直zhí达dá清qīng河hé。运yùn尽jǐn而ér黄huáng水shuǐ盛shèng发fā，则zé闭bì闸zhá绝jué黄huáng，水shuǐ落luò则zé启qǐ天tiān妃fēi闸zhá以yǐ利lì商shāng船chuán。新xīn河hé口kǒu勿wù浚jùn可kě也yě。”。乃nǎi建jiàn天tiān妃fēi庙miào口kǒu石shí闸zhá。

恭gōng又yòu言yán：“由yóu黄huáng河hé入rù闸zhá河hé为wèi茶chá城chéng，出chū临lín清qīng板bǎn闸zhá七qī百bǎi馀yú里lǐ，旧jiù有yǒu七qī十shí二èr浅qiǎn。自zì创chuàng开kāi新xīn河hé，汶wèn流liú平píng衍yǎn，地dì势shì高gāo下xià不bù甚shèn相xiāng悬xuán，七qī十shí浅qiǎn悉xī为wèi通tōng渠qú。惟wéi茶chá、黄huáng交jiāo会huì间jiān，运yùn盛shèng之zhī时shí，正zhèng值zhí黄huáng河hé水shuǐ落luò之zhī候hòu，高gāo下xià不bù相xiāng接jiē，是shì以yǐ有yǒu茶chá城chéng黄huáng家jiā闸zhá之zhī浅qiǎn，连lián年nián患huàn之zhī。祖zǔ宗zōng时shí，尝cháng建jiàn境jìng山shān闸zhá，自zì新xīn河hé水shuǐ平píng，闸zhá没méi泥ní淖nào且qiě丈zhàng馀yú。其qí闸zhá上shàng距jù黄huáng家jiā闸zhá二èr十shí里lǐ，下xià接jiē茶chá城chéng十shí里lǐ，因yīn故gù基jī累lèi石shí为wèi之zhī，可kě留liú黄huáng家jiā闸zhá外wài二èr十shí里lǐ之zhī上shàng流liú，接jiē茶chá城chéng内nèi十shí里lǐ之zhī下xià流liú，且qiě挟xié二èr十shí里lǐ水shuǐ势shì，冲chōng十shí里lǐ之zhī狭xiá流liú，蔑miè不bù胜shèng矣yǐ。”乃nǎi复fù境jìng山shān旧jiù闸zhá。

恭gōng建jiàn三sān议yì，尚shàng书shū衡héng覆fù行xíng之zhī，为wèi运yùn道dào永yǒng利lì。而ér是shì时shí，茶chá城chéng岁suì淤yū，恭gōng方fāng报bào正zhèng河hé安ān流liú，回huí空kōng船chuán速sù出chū。给gěi事shì中zhōng硃zhū南nán雍yōng以yǐ回huí空kōng多duō阻zǔ，劾hé恭gōng隐yǐn蔽bì溺nì职zhí。帝dì切qiè责zé恭gōng，罢bà去qù。

三sān年nián二èr月yuè，总zǒng河hé都dōu御yù史shǐ傅fù希xī挚zhì请qǐng开kāi泇jiā河hé以yǐ避bì黄huáng险xiǎn，不bù果guǒ行xíng。希xī挚zhì又yòu请qǐng浚jùn梁liáng山shān以yǐ下xià，与yǔ茶chá城chéng互hù用yòng，淤yū旧jiù则zé通tōng新xīn而ér挑tiāo旧jiù，淤yū新xīn则zé通tōng旧jiù而ér挑tiāo新xīn，筑zhù坝bà断duàn流liú，常cháng通tōng其qí一yī以yǐ备bèi不bù虞yú。诏zhào从cóng所suǒ请qǐng。工gōng未wèi成chéng，而ér河hé决jué崔cuī镇zhèn，淮huái决jué高gāo家jiā堰yàn，高gāo邮yóu湖hú决jué清qīng水shuǐ潭tán、丁dīng志zhì等děng口kǒu，淮huái城chéng几jǐ没méi。知zhī府fǔ邵shào元yuán哲zhé开kāi菊jú花huā潭tán，以yǐ泄xiè淮huái安ān、高gāo、宝bǎo三sān城chéng之zhī水shuǐ，东dōng方fāng刍chú米mǐ少shǎo通tōng。

明míng年nián春chūn，督dū漕cáo侍shì郎láng张zhāng翀chōng以yǐ筑zhù清qīng水shuǐ潭tán堤dī工gōng钜jù不bù克kè就jiù，欲yù令lìng粮liáng船chuán暂zàn由yóu圈quān子zi田tián以yǐ行xíng。巡xún按àn御yù史shǐ陈chén功gōng不bù可kě。河hé漕cáo侍shì郎láng吴wú桂guì芳fāng言yán：“高gāo邮yóu湖hú老lǎo堤dī，陈chén瑄xuān所suǒ建jiàn。后hòu白bái昂áng开kāi月yuè河hé，距jù湖hú数shù里lǐ，中zhōng为wèi土tǔ堤dī，东dōng为wèi石shí堤dī，首shǒu尾wěi建jiàn闸zhá，名míng为wèi康kāng济jì河hé。其qí中zhōng堤dī之zhī西xī，老lǎo堤dī之zhī东dōng，民mín田tián数shù万wàn亩mǔ，所suǒ谓wèi圈quān子zi田tián也yě。河hé湖hú相xiāng去qù太tài远yuǎn，老lǎo堤dī缺quē坏huài不bù修xiū，遂suì至zhì水shuǐ入rù圈quān田tián，又yòu成chéng一yī湖hú。而ér中zhōng堤dī溃kuì坏huài，东dōng堤dī独dú受shòu数shù百bǎi里lǐ湖hú涛tāo，清qīng水shuǐ潭tán之zhī决jué，势shì所suǒ必bì至zhì。宜yí遵zūn弘hóng治zhì间jiān王wáng恕shù之zhī议yì，就jiù老lǎo堤dī为wèi月yuè河hé，但dàn修xiū东dōng西xī二èr堤dī，费fèi省shěng而ér工gōng易yì举jǔ。”帝dì命mìng如rú所suǒ请qǐng行xíng之zhī。是shì年nián，元yuán哲zhé修xiū筑zhù淮huái安ān长zhǎng堤dī，又yòu疏shū盐yán城chéng石shí达dá口kǒu下xià流liú入rù海hǎi。

五wǔ年nián二èr月yuè，高gāo邮yóu石shí堤dī将jiāng成chéng，桂guì芳fāng请qǐng傍bàng老lǎo堤dī十shí数shù丈zhàng开kāi挑tiāo月yuè河hé。因yīn言yán：“白bái昂áng康kāng济jì月yuè河hé去qù老lǎo堤dī太tài远yuǎn，人rén心xīn狃niǔ月yuè河hé之zhī安ān，忘wàng老lǎo堤dī外wài捍hàn之zhī力lì。年nián复fù一yī年nián，不bù加jiā省xǐng视shì，老lǎo、中zhōng二èr堤dī俱jù坏huài，而ér东dōng堤dī不bù能néng独dú存cún。今jīn河hé与yǔ老lǎo堤dī近jìn，则zé易yì於yú管guǎn摄shè。”御yù史shǐ陈chén世shì宝bǎo论lùn江jiāng北běi河hé道dào，请qǐng於yú宝bǎo应yìng湖hú堤dī补bǔ石shí堤dī以yǐ固gù其qí外wài，而ér於yú石shí堤dī之zhī东dōng复fù筑zhù一yī堤dī，以yǐ通tōng月yuè河hé，漕cáo舟zhōu行xíng其qí中zhōng。并bìng议yì行xíng。其qí冬dōng，高gāo邮yóu湖hú土tǔ石shí二èr堤dī、新xīn开kāi漕cáo河hé南nán北běi二èr闸zhá及jí老lǎo堤dī加jiā石shí、增zēng护hù堤dī木mù城chéng各gè工gōng竣jùn事shì。桂guì芳fāng又yòu与yǔ元yuán哲zhé增zēng筑zhù山shān阳yáng长zhǎng堤dī，自zì板bǎn闸zhá至zhì黄huáng浦pǔ亘gèn七qī十shí里lǐ，闭bì通tōng济jì闸zhá不bù用yòng，而ér建jiàn兴xīng文wén闸zhá，且qiě修xiū新xīn庄zhuāng诸zhū闸zhá，筑zhù清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ南nán堤dī，创chuàng板bǎn闸zhá漕cáo堤dī，南nán北běi与yǔ新xīn旧jiù堤dī接jiē。板bǎn闸zhá即jí故gù移yí风fēng闸zhá也yě。堤dī、闸zhá并bìng修xiū，淮huái、扬yáng漕cáo道dào渐jiàn固gù。

六liù年nián，总zǒng理lǐ河hé漕cáo都dōu御yù史shǐ潘pān季jì驯xùn筑zhù高gāo家jiā堰yàn，及jí清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ柳liǔ浦pǔ湾wān以yǐ东dōng加jiā筑zhù礼lǐ、智zhì二èr坝bà，修xiū宝bǎo应yìng、黄huáng清qīng等děng八bā浅qiǎn堤dī，高gāo、宝bǎo减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá四sì，又yòu拆chāi新xīn庄zhuāng闸zhá而ér改gǎi建jiàn通tōng济jì闸zhá於yú甘gān罗luó城chéng南nán。明míng初chū运yùn粮liáng，自zì瓜guā、仪yí至zhì淮huái安ān谓wèi之zhī里lǐ河hé，自zì五wǔ坝bà转zhuǎn黄huáng河hé谓wèi之zhī外wài河hé，不bù相xiāng通tōng。及jí开kāi清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ，设shè闸zhá天tiān妃fēi口kǒu，春chūn夏xià之zhī交jiāo重zhòng运yùn毕bì，即jí闭bì以yǐ拒jù黄huáng。岁suì久jiǔ法fǎ驰chí，闸zhá不bù封fēng而ér黄huáng水shuǐ入rù。嘉jiā靖jìng末mò，塞sāi天tiān妃fēi口kǒu，於yú浦pǔ南nán三sān里lǐ沟gōu开kāi新xīn河hé，设shè通tōng济jì闸zhá以yǐ就jiù淮huái水shuǐ。已yǐ又yòu从cóng万wàn恭gōng言yán，复fù天tiān妃fēi闸zhá。未wèi几jǐ又yòu从cóng御yù史shǐ刘liú光guāng国guó言yán，增zēng筑zhù通tōng济jì，自zì仲zhòng夏xià至zhì季jì秋qiū，隔gé日rì一yī放fàng回huí空kōng漕cáo船chuán。既jì而ér启qǐ闭bì不bù时shí，淤yū塞sè日rì甚shèn，开kāi硃zhū家jiā口kǒu引yǐn清qīng水shuǐ灌guàn之zhī，仅jǐn通tōng舟zhōu。至zhì是shì改gǎi建jiàn甘gān罗luó城chéng南nán，专zhuān向xiàng淮huái水shuǐ，使shǐ河hé不bù得dé直zhí射shè。

十shí年nián，督dū漕cáo尚shàng书shū凌líng云yún翼yì以yǐ运yùn船chuán由yóu清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ出chū口kǒu多duō艰jiān险xiǎn，乃nǎi自zì浦pǔ西xī开kāi永yǒng济jì河hé四sì十shí五wǔ里lǐ，起qǐ城chéng南nán窑yáo湾wān，历lì龙lóng江jiāng闸zhá，至zhì杨yáng家jiā涧jiàn出chū武wǔ家jiā墩dūn，折zhé而ér东dōng，合hé通tōng济jì闸zhá出chū口kǒu。更gèng置zhì闸zhá三sān，以yǐ备bèi清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ之zhī险xiǎn。是shì时shí漕cáo河hé就jiù治zhì，淮huái、扬yáng免miǎn水shuǐ灾zāi者zhě十shí馀yú年nián。初chū，黄huáng河hé之zhī害hài漕cáo也yě，自zì金jīn龙lóng口kǒu而ér东dōng，则zé会huì通tōng以yǐ淤yū。迨dài塞sāi沙shā湾wān、张zhāng秋qiū闸zhá，漕cáo以yǐ安ān，则zé徐xú、氵shui市shì间jiān数shù被bèi其qí害hài。至zhì崔cuī镇zhèn高gāo堰yàn之zhī决jué，黄huáng、淮huái交jiāo涨zhǎng而ér害hài漕cáo，乃nǎi在zài淮huái、扬yáng间jiān，湖hú溃kuì则zé败bài漕cáo。季jì驯xùn以yǐ高gāo堰yàn障zhàng洪hóng泽zé，俾bǐ堰yàn东dōng四sì湖hú勿wù受shòu淮huái侵qīn，漕cáo始shǐ无wú败bài。而ér河hé漕cáo诸zhū臣chén惧jù湖hú害hài，日rì夜yè常cháng惴zhuì惴zhuì。

十shí三sān年nián从cóng总zǒng漕cáo都dōu御yù史shǐ李lǐ世shì达dá议yì，开kāi宝bǎo应yìng月yuè河hé。宝bǎo应yìng汜sì光guāng湖hú，诸zhū湖hú中zhōng最zuì湍tuān险xiǎn者zhě也yě，广guǎng百bǎi二èr十shí馀yú里lǐ。槐huái角jiǎo楼lóu当dāng其qí中zhōng，形xíng曲qū如rú箕jī，瓦wǎ店diàn翼yì其qí南nán，秤chèng钩gōu湾wān翼yì其qí北běi。西xī风fēng鼓gǔ浪làng，往wǎng往wǎng覆fù舟zhōu。陈chén瑄xuān筑zhù堤dī湖hú东dōng，蓄xù水shuǐ为wèi运yùn道dào。上shàng有yǒu所suǒ受shòu，下xià无wú所suǒ宣xuān，遂suì决jué为wèi八bā浅qiǎn，汇huì为wèi六liù潭tán，兴xīng、盐yán诸zhū场chǎng皆jiē没méi。而ér淮huái水shuǐ又yòu从cóng周zhōu家jiā桥qiáo漫màn入rù，溺nì人rén民mín，害hài漕cáo运yùn。武wǔ宗zōng末mò年nián，郎láng中zhōng杨yáng最zuì请qǐng开kāi月yuè河hé，部bù覆fù不bù从cóng。嘉jiā靖jìng中zhōng，工gōng部bù郎láng中zhōng陈chén毓yù贤xián、户hù部bù员yuán外wài范fàn韶sháo、御yù史shǐ闻wén人rén诠quán、运yùn粮liáng千qiān户hù李lǐ显xiǎn皆jiē以yǐ为wéi言yán，议yì行xíng未wèi果guǒ。至zhì是shì，工gōng部bù郎láng中zhōng许xǔ应yīng逵kuí建jiàn议yì，世shì达dá用yòng其qí言yán以yǐ奏zòu，乃nǎi决jué行xíng之zhī。浚jùn河hé千qiān七qī百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng，置zhì石shí闸zhá三sān，减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá二èr，筑zhù堤dī九jiǔ千qiān馀yú丈zhàng，石shí堤dī三sān之zhī一yī，子zi堤dī五wǔ千qiān馀yú丈zhàng。工gōng成chéng，赐cì名míng弘hóng济jì。寻xún改gǎi石shí闸zhá为wèi平píng水shuǐ闸zhá。应yīng逵kuí又yòu筑zhù高gāo邮yóu护hù城chéng堤dī。其qí后hòu，弘hóng济jǐ南nán北běi闸zhá，夏xià秋qiū淮huái涨zhǎng，吞tūn吐tǔ不bù及jí，舟zhōu多duō覆fù者zhě。神shén宗zōng季jì年nián，督dū漕cáo侍shì郎láng陈chén荐jiàn於yú南nán北běi各gè开kāi月yuè河hé以yǐ杀shā河hé怒nù，而ér溜liū始shǐ平píng。

十shí五wǔ年nián，督dū漕cáo侍shì郎láng杨yáng一yī魁kuí请qǐng修xiū高gāo家jiā堰yàn以yǐ保bǎo上shàng流liú，砌qì范fàn家jiā口kǒu以yǐ制zhì旁páng决jué，疏shū草cǎo湾wān以yǐ杀shā河hé势shì，修xiū礼lǐ坝bà以yǐ保bǎo新xīn城chéng。诏zhào如rú其qí议yì。一yī魁kuí又yòu改gǎi建jiàn古gǔ洪hóng闸zhá。先xiān是shì，汶wèn、泗sì之zhī水shuǐ由yóu茶chá城chéng会huì黄huáng河hé。隆lóng庆qìng间jiān，浊zhuó流liú倒dào灌guàn，稽jī阻zǔ运yùn船chuán，郎láng中zhōng陈chén瑛yīng移yí黄huáng河hé口kǒu於yú茶chá城chéng东dōng八bā里lǐ，建jiàn古gǔ洪hóng、内nèi华huá二èr闸zhá，漕cáo河hé从cóng古gǔ洪hóng出chū口kǒu。后hòu黄huáng水shuǐ发fā，淤yū益yì甚shèn。一yī魁kuí既jì改gǎi古gǔ洪hóng，帝dì又yòu从cóng给gěi事shì中zhōng常cháng居jū敬jìng言yán，令lìng增zēng筑zhù镇zhèn口kǒu闸zhá於yú古gǔ洪hóng外wài，距jù河hé仅jǐn八bā十shí丈zhàng，吐tǔ纳nà益yì易yì，粮liáng运yùn利lì之zhī。

工gōng部bù尚shàng书shū石shí星xīng议yì季jì驯xùn、居jū敬jìng条tiáo上shàng善shàn后hòu事shì宜yí，请qǐng分fēn地dì责zé成chéng：接jiē筑zhù塔tǎ山shān缕lǚ堤dī，清qīng江jiāng浦pǔ草cǎo坝bà，创chuàng筑zhù宝bǎo应yìng西xī堤dī，石shí砌qì邵shào伯bó湖hú堤dī，疏shū浚jùn里lǐ河hé淤yū浅qiǎn，当dāng在zài淮huái、扬yáng兴xīng举jǔ；察chá复fù南nán旺wàng、马mǎ踏tà、蜀shǔ山shān、马mǎ场chǎng四sì湖hú，建jiàn筑zhù坎kǎn河hé滚gǔn水shuǐ坝bà，加jiā建jiàn通tōng济jì、永yǒng通tōng二èr闸zhá，察chá复fù安ān山shān湖hú地dì，当dāng在zài山shān东dōng兴xīng举jǔ。帝dì从cóng其qí议yì。未wèi几jǐ，众zhòng工gōng皆jiē成chéng。

十shí九jiǔ年nián，季jì驯xùn言yán：“宿sù迁qiān以yǐ南nán，地dì形xíng西xīＡＨ，请qǐng开kāi缕lǚ堤dī放fàng水shuǐ。沙shā随suí水shuǐ入rù，地dì随suí沙shā高gāo，庶shù水shuǐ患huàn消xiāo而ér费fèi可kě省shěng。”又yòu请qǐng易yì高gāo家jiā堰yàn土tǔ堤dī为wèi石shí，筑zhù满mǎn家jiā闸zhá西xī拦lán河hé坝bà，使shǐ汶wèn、泗sì尽jǐn归guī新xīn河hé。设shè减jiǎn水shuǐ闸zhá於yú李lǐ家jiā口kǒu，以yǐ泄xiè沛pèi县xiàn积jī水shuǐ。从cóng之zhī。十shí月yuè，淮huái湖hú大dà涨zhǎng，江jiāng都dū淳chún家jiā湾wān石shí堤dī、邵shào伯bó南nán坝bà、高gāo邮yóu中zhōng堤dī、硃zhū家jiā墩dūn、清qīng水shuǐ潭tán皆jiē决jué。郎láng中zhōng黄huáng日rì谨jǐn筑zhù塞sāi仅jǐn竣jùn，而ér山shān阳yáng堤dī亦yì决jué。

二èr十shí一yī年nián五wǔ月yuè，恒héng雨yǔ。漕cáo河hé泛fàn溢yì，溃kuì济jǐ宁níng及jí淮huái河hé诸zhū堤dī岸àn。总zǒng河hé尚shàng书shū舒shū应yīng龙lóng议yì：筑zhù堽gāng城chéng坝bà，遏è汶wèn水shuǐ之zhī南nán，开kāi马mǎ踏tà湖hú月yuè河hé口kǒu，导dǎo汶wèn水shuǐ之zhī北běi。开kāi通tōng济jì闸zhá，放fàng月yuè河hé土tǔ坝bà以yǐ杀shā汹xiōng涌yǒng之zhī势shì。从cóng其qí奏zòu。数shù年nián之zhī间jiān，会huì通tōng上shàng下xià无wú阻zǔ，而ér黄huáng、淮huái并bìng涨zhǎng，高gāo堰yàn及jí高gāo邮yóu堤dī数shù决jué害hài漕cáo。应yīng龙lóng卒zú罢bà去qù。建jiàn议yì者zhě纷fēn纷fēn，未wèi有yǒu所suǒ定dìng。

杨yáng一yī魁kuí代dài应yīng龙lóng为wèi总zǒng河hé尚shàng书shū，力lì主zhǔ分fēn黄huáng导dǎo淮huái。治zhì逾yú年nián，工gōng将jiāng竣jùn，又yòu请qǐng决jué湖hú水shuǐ以yǐ疏shū漕cáo渠qú，言yán：“高gāo、宝bǎo诸zhū湖hú本běn沃wò壤rǎng也yě，自zì淮huái、黄huáng逆nì壅yōng，遂suì成chéng昏hūn垫diàn。今jīn入rù江jiāng入rù海hǎi之zhī路lù即jí浚jùn，宜yí开kāi治zhì泾jīng河hé、子zi婴yīng沟gōu、金jīn湾wān河hé诸zhū闸zhá及jí瓜guā、仪yí二èr闸zhá，大dà放fàng湖hú水shuǐ，就jiù湖hú疏shū渠qú，与yǔ高gāo、宝bǎo月yuè河hé相xiāng接jiē。既jì避bì运yùn道dào风fēng波bō之zhī险xiǎn，而ér水shuǐ涸hé成chéng田tián，给gěi民mín耕gēng种zhòng，渐jiàn议yì起qǐ科kē，可kě充chōng河hé费fèi。”命mìng如rú议yì行xíng。时shí下xià流liú既jì疏shū，淮huái水shuǐ渐jiàn帖tiē，而ér河hé方fāng决jué黄huáng堌gù口kǒu。督dū漕cáo都dōu御yù史shǐ褚chǔ鈇fū恐kǒng泄xiè太tài多duō，徐xú、邳pī淤yū阻zǔ，力lì请qǐng塞sāi之zhī。一yī魁kuí持chí不bù可kě，浚jùn两liǎng河hé口kǒu至zhì小xiǎo浮fú桥qiáo故gù道dào以yǐ通tōng漕cáo。然rán河hé大dà势shì南nán徙xǐ，二èr洪hóng漕cáo屡lǚ涸hé，复fù大dà挑tiāo黄huáng堌gù下xià之zhī李lǐ吉jí口kǒu，挽wǎn黄huáng以yǐ济jì之zhī，非fēi久jiǔ辄zhé淤yū。

一yī魁kuí入rù掌zhǎng部bù事shì。二èr十shí六liù年nián，刘liú东dōng星xīng继jì之zhī，守shǒu一yī魁kuí旧jiù议yì，李lǐ吉jí口kǒu淤yū益yì高gāo。岁suì冬dōng月yuè，即jí其qí地dì开kāi一yī小xiǎo河hé，春chūn夏xià引yǐn水shuǐ入rù徐xú州zhōu，如rú是shì者zhě三sān年nián，大dà抵dǐ至zhì秋qiū即jí淤yū。乃nǎi复fù开kāi赵zhào家jiā圈quān以yǐ接jiē黄huáng，开kāi泇jiā河hé以yǐ济jì运yùn。赵zhào家jiā圈quān旋xuán淤yū，泇jiā河hé未wèi复fù，而ér东dōng星xīng卒zú。於yú是shì凤fèng阳yáng巡xún抚fǔ都dōu御yù史shǐ李lǐ三sān才cái建jiàn议yì自zì镇zhèn口kǒu闸zhá至zhì磨mó儿ér庄zhuāng仿fǎng闸zhá河hé制zhì，三sān十shí里lǐ一yī闸zhá，凡fán建jiàn六liù闸zhá於yú河hé中zhōng，节jié宣xuān汶wèn、济jì之zhī水shuǐ，聊liáo以yǐ通tōng漕cáo。漕cáo舟zhōu至zhì京jīng，不bù复fù能néng如rú期qī矣yǐ。东dōng星xīng在zài事shì，开kāi邵shào伯bó月yuè河hé，长zhǎng十shí八bā里lǐ，阔kuò十shí八bā丈zhàng有yǒu奇qí，以yǐ避bì湖hú险xiǎn。又yòu开kāi界jiè首shǒu月yuè河hé，长zhǎng千qiān八bā百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng。各gè建jiàn金jīn门mén石shí闸zhá二èr，漕cáo舟zhōu利lì焉yān。

三sān十shí二èr年nián，总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng李lǐ化huà龙lóng始shǐ大dà开kāi泇jiā河hé，自zì直zhí河hé至zhì李lǐ家jiā港gǎng二èr百bǎi六liù十shí馀yú里lǐ，尽jǐn避bì黄huáng河hé之zhī险xiǎn。化huà龙lóng忧yōu去qù，总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng曹cáo时shí聘pìn终zhōng其qí事shì，疏shū叙xù泇jiā河hé之zhī功gōng，言yán：“舒shū应yīng龙lóng创chuàng开kāi韩hán家jiā庄zhuāng以yǐ泄xiè湖hú水shuǐ，而ér路lù始shǐ通tōng。刘liú东dōng星xīng大dà开kāi良liáng城chéng、侯hóu家jiā庄zhuāng以yǐ试shì行xíng运yùn，而ér路lù渐jiàn广guǎng。李lǐ化huà龙lóng上shàng开kāi李lǐ家jiā港gǎng，凿záo都dōu水shuǐ石shí，下xià开kāi直zhí河hé口kǒu，挑tiāo田tián家jiā庄zhuāng，殚dān力lì经jīng营yíng，行xíng运yùn过guò半bàn，而ér路lù始shǐ开kāi，故gù臣chén得dé接jiē踵zhǒng告gào竣jùn。”因yīn条tiáo上shàng善shàn后hòu六liù事shì，运yùn道dào由yóu此cǐ大dà通tōng。其qí后hòu每měi年nián三sān月yuè开kāi泇jiā河hé坝bà，由yóu直zhí河hé口kǒu进jìn，九jiǔ月yuè开kāi召zhào公gōng坝bà入rù黄huáng河hé，粮liáng艘sōu及jí官guān民mín船chuán悉xī以yǐ为wéi准zhǔn。

四sì十shí四sì年nián，巡xún漕cáo御yù史shǐ硃zhū堦jiē请qǐng修xiū复fù泉quán湖hú，言yán：“宋sòng礼lǐ筑zhù坝bà戴dài村cūn，夺duó二èr汶wèn入rù海hǎi之zhī路lù，灌guàn以yǐ成chéng河hé，复fù导dǎo洙zhū、泗sì、洸guāng、沂yí诸zhū水shuǐ以yǐ佐zuǒ之zhī。汶wèn虽suī率lǜ众zhòng流liú出chū全quán力lì以yǐ奉fèng漕cáo，然rán行xíng远yuǎn而ér竭jié，已yǐ自zì难nán支zhī。至zhì南nán旺wàng，又yòu分fēn其qí四sì以yǐ南nán迎yíng淮huái，六liù以yǐ北běi赴fù卫wèi，力lì分fēn益yì薄báo。况kuàng此cǐ水shuǐ夏xià秋qiū则zé涨zhǎng，冬dōng春chūn而ér涸hé，无wú雨yǔ即jí夏xià秋qiū亦yì涸hé。礼lǐ逆nì虑lǜ其qí不bù可kě恃shì，乃nǎi於yú沿yán河hé昭zhāo阳yáng、南nán旺wàng、马mǎ踏tà、蜀shǔ山shān、安ān山shān诸zhū湖hú设shè立lì斗dǒu门mén，名míng曰yuē水shuǐ柜guì。漕cáo河hé水shuǐ涨zhǎng，则zé潴zhū其qí溢yì出chū者zhě於yú湖hú，水shuǐ消xiāo则zé决jué而ér注zhù之zhī漕cáo。积jī泄xiè有yǒu法fǎ，盗dào决jué有yǒu罪zuì，故gù旱hàn涝lào恃shì以yǐ无wú恐kǒng。及jí岁suì久jiǔ禁jìn驰chí，湖hú浅qiǎn可kě耕gēng，多duō为wèi势shì豪háo所suǒ占zhàn，昭zhāo阳yáng一yī湖hú已yǐ作zuò籓fān田tián。比bǐ来lái山shān东dōng半bàn年nián不bù雨yǔ，泉quán欲yù断duàn流liú，按àn图tú而ér索suǒ水shuǐ柜guì，茫máng无wú知zhī者zhě。乞qǐ敕chì河hé臣chén清qīng核hé，亟jí筑zhù堤dī坝bà斗dǒu门mén以yǐ广guǎng蓄xù储chǔ。”帝dì从cóng其qí请qǐng。

方fāng议yì浚jùn泉quán湖hú，而ér河hé决jué徐xú州zhōu狼láng矢shǐ沟gōu，由yóu蛤há鳗mán诸zhū湖hú入rù泇jiā河hé，出chū直zhí口kǒu，运yùn船chuán迎yíng溜liū艰jiān险xiǎn。督dū漕cáo侍shì郎láng陈chén荐jiàn开kāi武wǔ河hé等děng口kǒu，泄xiè水shuǐ平píng溜liū。后hòu二èr年nián，决jué口kǒu长zhǎng淤yū沙shā，河hé始shǐ复fù故gù道dào。总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng王wáng佐zuǒ加jiā筑zhù月yuè坝bà以yǐ障zhàng之zhī。至zhì泰tài昌chāng元yuán年nián冬dōng，佐zuǒ言yán：“诸zhū湖hú水shuǐ柜guì已yǐ复fù，安ān山shān湖hú且qiě复fù五wǔ十shí五wǔ里lǐ，诚chéng可kě利lì漕cáo。请qǐng以yǐ水shuǐ柜guì之zhī废fèi兴xīng为wèi河hé官guān殿diàn最zuì。”从cóng之zhī。

天tiān启qǐ元yuán年nián，淮huái、黄huáng涨zhǎng溢yì，决jué里lǐ河hé王wáng公gōng祠cí，淮huái安ān知zhī府fǔ宋sòng统tǒng殷yīn、山shān阳yáng知zhī县xiàn练liàn国guó事shì力lì塞sāi之zhī。三sān年nián秋qiū，外wài河hé复fù决jué数shù口kǒu，寻xún塞sāi。是shì年nián冬dōng，浚jùn永yǒng济jì新xīn河hé。自zì凌líng云yún翼yì开kāi是shì河hé，未wèi几jǐ而ér闭bì。总zǒng河hé都dōu御yù史shǐ刘liú士shì忠zhōng尝cháng开kāi坝bà以yǐ济jì运yùn，已yǐ复fù塞sāi。而ér淮huái安ān正zhèng河hé三sān十shí年nián未wèi浚jùn。故gù议yì先xiān挑tiāo新xīn河hé，通tōng运yùn船chuán回huí空kōng，乃nǎi浚jùn正zhèng河hé，自zì许xǔ家jiā闸zhá至zhì惠huì济jì祠cí长zhǎng千qiān四sì百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng，复fù建jiàn通tōng济jì月yuè河hé小xiǎo闸zhá，运yùn船chuán皆jiē由yóu正zhèng河hé，新xīn河hé复fù闭bì。时shí王wáng家jiā集jí、磨mó儿ér庄zhuāng湍tuān溜liū日rì甚shèn，漕cáo储chǔ参cān政zhèng硃zhū国guó盛shèng谋móu改gǎi浚jùn一yī河hé以yǐ为wéi漕cáo计jì，令lìng同tóng知zhī宋sòng士shì中zhōng自zì泇jiā口kǒu迤yí东dōng抵dǐ宿sù迁qiān陈chén沟gōu口kǒu，复fù氵shui斥chì骆luò马mǎ湖hú，上shàng至zhì马mǎ颊jiá河hé，往wǎng回huí相xiāng度dù。乃nǎi议yì开kāi马mǎ家jiā洲zhōu，且qiě疏shū马mǎ颊jiá河hé口kǒu淤yū塞sè，上shàng接jiē氵shui加jiā流liú，下xià避bì刘liú口kǒu之zhī险xiǎn，又yòu疏shū三sān汊chà河hé流liú沙shā十shí三sān里lǐ，开kāi滔tāo庄zhuāng河hé百bǎi馀yú丈zhàng，浚jùn深shēn小xiǎo河hé二èr十shí里lǐ，开kāi王wáng能néng庄zhuāng二èr十shí里lǐ，以yǐ通tōng骆luò马mǎ湖hú口kǒu，筑zhù塞sāi张zhāng家jiā等děng沟gōu数shù十shí道dào，束shù水shuǐ归guī漕cáo。计jì河hé五wǔ十shí七qī里lǐ，名míng通tōng济jì新xīn河hé。五wǔ年nián四sì月yuè，工gōng成chéng，运yùn道dào从cóng新xīn河hé，无wú刘liú口kǒu、磨mó儿ér庄zhuāng诸zhū险xiǎn之zhī患huàn。明míng年nián，总zǒng河hé侍shì郎láng李lǐ从cóng心xīn开kāi陈chén沟gōu地dì十shí里lǐ，以yǐ竟jìng前qián工gōng。

崇chóng祯zhēn二èr年nián，淮huái安ān苏sū家jiā嘴zuǐ、新xīn沟gōu大dà坝bà并bìng决jué，没méi山shān、盐yán、高gāo、泰tài民mín田tián。五wǔ年nián，又yòu决jué建jiàn义yì北běi坝bà。总zǒng河hé尚shàng书shū硃zhū光guāng祚zuò浚jùn骆luò马mǎ湖hú，避bì河hé险xiǎn十shí三sān处chù，名míng顺shùn济jì河hé。六liù年nián，良liáng城chéng至zhì徐xú塘táng淤yū为wèi平píng陆lù，漕cáo运yùn愆qiān期qī，夺duó光guāng祚zuò官guān，刘liú荣róng嗣sì继jì之zhī。

八bā年nián，骆luò马mǎ湖hú淤yū阻zǔ，荣róng嗣sì开kāi河hé徐xú、宿sù，引yǐn注zhù黄huáng水shuǐ，被bèi劾hé，得dé重zhòng罪zuì。侍shì郎láng周zhōu鼎dǐng继jì之zhī，乃nǎi专zhuān力lì于yú泇jiā河hé，浚jùn麦mài河hé支zhī河hé，筑zhù王wáng母mǔ山shān前qián后hòu坝bà、胜shèng阳yáng山shān东dōng堤dī、马mǎ蹄tí厓yá十shí字zì河hé拦lán水shuǐ壩bà，挑tiāo良liáng城chéng闸zhá抵dǐ徐xú塘táng口kǒu六liù千qiān馀yú丈zhàng。九jiǔ年nián夏xià，泇jiā河hé复fù通tōng，由yóu宿sù迁qiān陈chén沟gōu口kǒu合hé大dà河hé。鼎dǐng又yòu修xiū高gāo家jiā堰yàn及jí新xīn沟gōu漾yàng田tián营yíng堤dī，增zēng筑zhù天tiān妃fēi闸zhá石shí工gōng，去qù南nán旺wàng湖hú彭péng口kǒu沙shā礓jiāng，浚jùn刘liú吕lǚ庄zhuāng至zhì黄huáng林lín庄zhuāng百bǎi六liù十shí里lǐ。而ér是shì时shí黄huáng、淮huái涨zhǎng溢yì日rì甚shèn，倒dào灌guàn害hài漕cáo。鼎dǐng在zài事shì五wǔ年nián，卒zú以yǐ运yùn阻zǔ削xuē职zhí。继jì之zhī者zhě侍shì郎láng张zhāng国guó维wéi，甫fǔ莅lì任rèn，即jí以yǐ漕cáo涸hé被bèi责zé。

十shí四sì年nián，国guó维wéi言yán：“济jǐ宁níng运yùn道dào自zì枣zǎo林lín闸zhá溯sù师shī家jiā庄zhuāng、仲zhòng家jiā浅qiǎn二èr闸zhá，岁suì患huàn淤yū浅qiǎn，每měi引yǐn泗sì河hé由yóu鲁lǔ桥qiáo入rù运yùn以yǐ济jì之zhī。伏fú秋qiū水shuǐ长zhǎng，足zú资zī利lì涉shè。而ér挟xié沙shā注zhù河hé，水shuǐ退tuì沙shā积jī，利lì害hài参cān半bàn。旁páng自zì白bái马mǎ河hé汇huì邹zōu县xiàn诸zhū泉quán，与yǔ泗sì合hé流liú而ér出chū鲁lǔ桥qiáo，力lì弱ruò不bù能néng敌dí泗sì，河hé身shēn半bàn淤yū，不bù为wèi漕cáo用yòng。然rán其qí上shàng源yuán宽kuān处chù正zhèng与yǔ仲zhòng家jiā浅qiǎn闸zhá相xiāng对duì，导dǎo令lìng由yóu此cǐ入rù运yùn，较jiào鲁lǔ桥qiáo高gāo下xià悬xuán殊shū，且qiě易yì细xì流liú为wèi洪hóng流liú，又yòu减jiǎn沙shā渗shèn之zhī患huàn，而ér济jì仲zhòng家jiā浅qiǎn及jí师shī庄zhuāng、枣zǎo林lín，有yǒu三sān便biàn。”又yòu言yán：“南nán旺wàng水shuǐ本běn地dì脊jí，惟wéi藉jí泰tài安ān、新xīn泰tài、莱lái芜wú、宁níng阳yáng、汶wèn上shàng、东dōng平píng、平píng阴yīn、肥féi城chéng八bā州zhōu县xiàn泉quán源yuán，由yóu汶wèn入rù运yùn，故gù运yùn河hé得dé通tōng。今jīn东dōng平píng、平píng阴yīn、肥féi城chéng淤yū沙shā中zhōng断duàn，请qǐng亟jí浚jùn之zhī。”复fù上shàng疏shū运yùn六liù策cè：一yī复fù安ān山shān湖hú水shuǐ柜guì以yǐ济jì北běi闸zhá，一yī改gǎi挑tiāo沧cāng浪làng河hé从cóng万wàn年nián仓cāng出chū口kǒu以yǐ利lì四sì闸zhá，一yī展zhǎn浚jùn汶wèn河hé、陶táo河hé上shàng源yuán以yǐ济jì邳pī派pài，一yī改gǎi道dào沂yí河hé出chū徐xú塘táng口kǒu以yǐ并bìng利lì邳pī、宿sù，其qí二èr即jí开kāi三sān州zhōu县xiàn淤yū沙shā及jí改gǎi挑tiāo白bái马mǎ湖hú也yě。皆jiē命mìng酌zhuó行xíng。国guó维wéi又yòu浚jùn淮huái、扬yáng漕cáo河hé三sān百bǎi馀yú里lǐ。当dāng是shì时shí，河hé臣chén竭jié力lì补bǔ苴jū，南nán河hé稍shāo宁níng，北běi河hé数shù浅qiǎn阻zǔ。而ér河hé南nán守shǒu臣chén壅yōng黄huáng河hé以yǐ灌guàn贼zéi。河hé大dà决jué开kāi封fēng，下xià流liú日rì淤yū，河hé事shì益yì坏huài，未wèi几jǐ而ér明míng亡wáng矣yǐ。