推荐

第 29 / 40 回

杨yáng仪yí字zì威wēi公gōng,襄xiāng阳yáng人rén也yě。建jiàn安ān中zhōng,为wèi荆jīng州zhōu剌lá史shǐ傅fù群qún主zhǔ薄báo,背bèi群qún而ér诣yì襄xiāng阳yáng太tài守shǒu关guān羽yǔ。羽yǔ命mìng为wèi功gōng曹cáo,遣qiǎn奉fèng命mìng西xī诣yì先xiān主zhǔ。先xiān主zhǔ与yǔ语yǔ论lùn军jūn围wéi计jì策cè,政zhèng治zhì得dé失shī,大dà悦yuè之zhī,因yīn辟pì为wèi左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn兵bīng曹cáo掾yuàn。及jí先xiān主zhǔ为wèi汉hàn中zhōng王wáng,拔bá仪yí为wèi尚shàng书shū。先xiān主zhǔ称chēng尊zūn号hào,东dōng征zhēng吴wú,仪yí与yǔ尚shàng书shū令lìng刘liú巴bā不bù睦mù,左zuǒ迁qiān遥yáo署shǔ弘hóng农nóng太tài守shǒu。建jiàn兴xīng三sān年nián,丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng以yǐ为wéi参cān军jūn,署shǔ府fǔ事shì,将jiāng南nán行xíng。五wǔ年nián。随suí亮liàng汉hàn中zhōng。八bā年nián,迁qiān长zhǎng史shǐ,加jiā绥suí军jūn将jiāng军jūn。亮liàng数shù出chū军jūn,仪yí常cháng规guī画huà分fēn部bù,筹chóu度dù粮liáng谷gǔ,不bù稽jī思sī虑lǜ,斯sī须xū便biàn了liǎo。军jūn戎róng节jié度dù,取qǔ办bàn于yú仪yí。亮liàng深shēn惜xī仪yí之zhī才cái干gàn,凭píng魏wèi延yán之zhī骁xiāo勇yǒng,常cháng恨hèn二èr人rén之zhī不bù平píng,不bù忍rěn有yǒu所suǒ偏piān废fèi也yě。十shí二èr年nián,随suí亮liàng出chū屯tún谷gǔ口kǒu。亮liàng卒zú于yú敌dí场chǎng。仪yí既jì领lǐng军jūn还hái,又yòu诛zhū讨tǎo延yán,自zì以yǐ为wéi功gōng勋xūn至zhì大dà,宜yí当dāng代dài亮liàng秉bǐng政zhèng,呼hū都dū尉wèi赵zhào正zhèng以yǐ《周zhōu易yì》筮shì之zhī,卦guà得dé《家jiā人rén》,默mò然rán不bú悦yuè。而ér亮liàng平píng生shēng密mì指zhǐ,以yǐ仪yí性xìng狷juàn狭xiá,意yì在zài蒋jiǎng琬wǎn,琬wǎn遂suì为wèi尚shàng书shū令lìng、益yì州zhōu剌lá史shǐ。仪yí至zhì,拜bài为wèi中zhōng军jūn师shī,无wú所suǒ统tǒng领lǐng,从cóng容róng而ér已yǐ。

初chū,仪yí为wèi先xiān主zhǔ尚shàng书shū,琬wǎn为wèi尚shàng郎láng,后hòu虽suī俱jù为wèi丞chéng相xiàng参cān军jūn长zhǎng史shǐ,仪yí每měi从cóng行xíng,当dāng其qí劳láo剧jù,自zì为wèi年nián宦huàn先xiān琬wǎn,才cái能néng逾yú之zhī,于yú是shì怨yuàn愤fèn形xíng于yú声shēng色sè,叹tàn咤zhà之zhī音yīn发fā于yú五wǔ内nèi。时shí人rén畏wèi其qí言yán语yǔ不bù节jié,莫mò敢gǎn从cóng也yě,惟wéi后hòu军jūn师shī费fèi祎yī恨hèn望wàng,前qián后hòu云yún云yún,又yòu语yǔ祎yī曰yuē:“往wǎng者zhě丞chéng相xiàng亡wáng没méi之zhī际jì,吾wú若ruò举jǔ军jūn以yǐ就jiù魏wèi氏shì,处chǔ世shì宁níng当dāng落luò度dù如rú此cǐ邪xié!令lìng人rén追zhuī悔huǐ不bù可kě复fù及jí。”祎yī密mì表biǎo其qí言yán。十shí三sān年nián,废fèi仪yí为wèi民mín,徒tú汉hàn嘉jiā郡jùn。仪yí至zhì徒tú所suǒ,复fù上shàng书shū诽fěi谤bàng,辞cí指zhǐ激jī切qiè,遂suì下xià郡jùn收shōu仪yí。仪yí自zì杀shā,其qí妻qī子zǐ还hái蜀shǔ。

评píng曰yuē:刘liú封fēng处chù嫌xián疑yí之zhī地dì,而ér思sī防fáng不bù足zú以yǐ自zì卫wèi。彭péng囗wéi、廖liào立lì以yǐ才cái拔bá进jìn,李lǐ严yán以yǐ干gàn局jú达dá,魏wèi延yán以yǐ勇yǒng略lüè任rèn,杨yáng仪yí以yǐ当dāng官guān显xiǎn,刘liú琰yǎn旧jiù仕shì,并bìng咸xián贵guì重zhòng。览lǎn其qí举jǔ措cuò,迹jì其qí规guī矩jǔ,招zhāo祸huò取qǔ咎jiù,无wú不bù自zì己jǐ也yě。

蜀shǔ书shū十shí一yī 霍huò王wáng向xiàng张zhāng杨yáng费fèi传chuán第dì十shí一yī

霍huò峻jùn字zì仲zhòng邈miǎo,南nán郡jùn枝zhī江jiāng人rén也yě。兄xiōng笃dǔ于yú乡xiāng里lǐ合hé部bù曲qū数shù百bǎi人rén,笃dǔ卒zú,荆jīng州zhōu牧mù刘liú表biǎo令lìng峻jùn摄shè其qí众zhòng。表biǎo卒zú,峻jùn率lǜ众zhòng归guī先xiān主zhǔ,先xiān主zhǔ以yǐ峻jùn为wèi中zhōng郎láng将jiāng。先xiān主zhǔ自zì葭jiā萌méng南nán还hái袭xí刘liú璋zhāng,留liú峻jùn守shǒu葭jiā萌méng城chéng。张zhāng鲁lǔ遣qiǎn将jiāng杨yáng帛bó诱yòu峻jùn,求qiú共gòng守shǒu城chéng,峻jùn曰yuē:“小xiǎo人rén头tóu可kě得dé,城chéng不bù可kě得dé。”帛bó乃nǎi退tuì去qù。后hòu璋zhāng将jiāng扶fú禁jìn、向xiàng存cún等děng帅shuài万wàn余yú人rén由yóu阆láng水shuǐ上shàng,攻gōng围wéi攻gōng峻jùn,且qiě一yī年nián,不bù能néng下xià。峻jùn城chéng中zhōng兵bīng才cái数shù百bǎi人rén,伺cì其qí怠dài隙xì,选xuǎn精jīng锐ruì出chū击jī,大dà破pò之zhī,即jí斩zhǎn存cún首shǒu。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng蜀shǔ,嘉jiā峻jùn之zhī功gōng,乃nǎi分fēn广guǎng汉hàn为wèi梓zǐ潼tóng郡jùn,以yǐ峻jùn为wèi梓zǐ潼tóng太tài守shǒu、裨pí将jiàng军jūn。在zài官guān三sān年nián,年nián四sì十shí卒zú,还hái葬zàng成chéng都dū。先xiān主zhǔ甚shèn悼dào惜xī,乃nǎi诏zhào诸zhū葛gě亮liàng曰yuē:“峻jùn既jì佳jiā士shì,加jiā有yǒu功gōng于yú国guó,欲yù行xíng爵jué。”遂suì亲qīn率lǜ群qún僚liáo临lín会huì吊diào祭jì,因yīn留liú宿sù墓mù上shàng,当dāng时shí荣róng之zhī。

子zi弋yì,字zì绍shào先xiān,行xíng主zhǔ末mò年nián为wèi太tài子zi舍shě人rén。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,除chú谒yè者zhě。丞chéng相xiàng诸zhū葛gě亮liàng北běi驻zhù汉hàn中zhōng,请qǐng为wèi记jì室shì,使shǐ与yǔ子zi乔qiáo共gòng周zhōu旋xuán游yóu处chù。亮liàng卒zú,为wèi黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng。后hòu主zhǔ立lì太tài子zi璿xuán,以yǐ弋yì为wèi中zhōng庶shù子zi,璿xuán好hǎo骑qí射shè,出chū入rù无wú度dù,弋yì援yuán引yǐn古gǔ义yì,尽jǐn言yán规guī谏jiàn,甚shèn得dé切qiē磋cuō之zhī体tǐ。后hòu为wèi参cān军jūn庲lái降jiàng屯tún副fù贰èr都dū督dū,又yòu转zhuǎn护hù军jūn,统tǒng事shì如rú前qián。时shí永yǒng昌chāng郡jùn夷yí獠liáo恃shì险xiǎn不bù宾bīn,数shù为wèi寇kòu害hài,乃nǎi以yǐ弋yì领lǐng永yǒng昌chāng太tài守shǒu,率lǜ偏piān军jūn讨tǎo之zhī,遂suì斩zhǎn其qí豪háo帅shuài,破pò坏huài邑yì落luò,郡jùn界jiè宁níng静jìng。迁qiān监jiān军jūn、翊yì军jūn将jiāng军jūn,领lǐng建jiàn宁níng太tài守shǒu,还hái统tǒng南nán郡jùn事shì。景jǐng耀yào六liù年nián,进jìn号hào安ān南nán将jiāng军jūn。是shì岁suì,蜀shǔ并bìng于yú魏wèi,弋yì与yǔ巴bā东dōng领lǐng军jūn襄xiāng阳yáng罗luó宪xiàn各gè保bǎo全quán一yī方fāng,举jǔ以yǐ内nèi附fù,咸xián因yīn仍réng前qián任rèn,宠chǒng待dài有yǒu加jiā。

王wáng连lián字zì文wén仪yí,南nán阳yáng人rén也yě。刘liú璋zhāng时shí入rù蜀shǔ为wèi梓zǐ潼tóng令lìng。先xiān主zhǔ起qǐ事shì葭jiā萌méng,进jìn军jūn来lái南nán,连lián闭bì城chéng不bù降jiàng,先xiān主zhǔ义yì之zhī,不bù强qiǎng逼bī也yě。及jí成chéng都dū既jì平píng,以yǐ连lián为wèi什shén邡fāng令lìng,转zhuǎn在zài广guǎng都dōu,所suǒ居jū有yǒu绩jì。迁qiān司sī盐yán校xiào尉wèi,较jiào盐yán铁tiě之zhī利lì,利lì入rù甚shèn多duō,有yǒu裨bì国guó用yòng,于yú是shì简jiǎn取qǔ良liáng才cái以yǐ为wéi官guān属shǔ,若ruò吕lǚ乂yì、杜dù祺qí、刘liú干gàn,终zhōng皆jiē至zhì大dà官guān,自zì连lián所suǒ拔bá也yě。迁qiān蜀shǔ郡jùn太tài守shǒu、兴xīng业yè将jiāng军jūn,领lǐng盐yán府fǔ如rú故gù。建jiàn兴xīng元yuán年nián,拜bài屯tún骑qí校xiào尉wèi,领lǐng丞chéng相xiàng长zhǎng史shǐ,封fēng平píng阳yáng亭tíng侯hóu。时shí南nán方fāng诸zhū郡jùn不bù宾bīn,诸zhū葛gě亮liàng将jiāng自zì征zhēng之zhī,连lián谏jiàn以yǐ为wéi“此cǐ不bù毛máo之zhī地dì,疫yì疠lì之zhī乡xiāng,不bù宜yí以yǐ一yī国guó之zhī望wàng,冒mào险xiǎn而ér行xíng”。亮liàng虑lǜ诸zhū将jiàng才cái不bù及jí己jǐ,意yì欲yù必bì往wǎng而ér连lián言yán辄zhé恳kěn至zhì,故gù停tíng留liú者zhě久jiǔ之zhī。会huì连lián卒zú。子zi山shān嗣sì,官guān至zhì江jiāng阳yáng太tài守shǒu。

向xiàng朗lǎng字zì巨jù达dá,襄xiāng阳yáng宜yí城chéng人rén也yě。荆jīng州zhōu牧mù刘liú表biǎo以yǐ为wéi临lín沮jǔ长zhǎng。表biǎo卒zú,归guī先xiān主zhǔ。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng江jiāng南nán,使shǐ朗lǎng督dū秭zǐ归guī、夷yí道dào、巫wū(山shān)、夷yí陵líng四sì县xiàn军jūn民mín事shì。蜀shǔ既jì平píng,以yǐ朗lǎng为wèi巴bā西xī太tài守shǒu,顷qǐng之zhī转zhuǎn任rèn牂zāng牁kē,又yòu徒tú房fáng陵líng。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,为wèi步bù兵bīng校xiào尉wèi,代dài王wáng连lián领lǐng丞chéng相xiàng长zhǎng史shǐ。丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng南nán征zhēng,朗lǎng留liú统tǒng后hòu事shì。五wǔ年nián,随suí亮liàng汉hàn中zhōng。朗lǎng素sù与yǔ马mǎ谡sù善shàn,谡sù逃táo亡wáng,朗lǎng知zhī情qíng不bù举jǔ,亮liàng恨hèn之zhī,免miǎn官guān还hái成chéng都dū。数shù年nián,为wèi光guāng禄lù勋xūn,亮liàng卒zú后hòu徒tú左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn,追zhuī论lùn旧jiù功gōng,封fēng显xiǎn明míng亭tíng侯hóu,位wèi特tè进jìn。初chū,朗lǎng少shǎo时shí虽suī涉shè猎liè文wén学xué,然rán不bù治zhì素sù检jiǎn,以yǐ吏lì能néng称chēng。自zì去qù长zhǎng史shǐ,优yōu游yóu无wú事shì垂chuí三sān十shí年nián,乃nǎi更gèng潜qián心xīn典diǎn籍jí,孜zī孜zī不bù倦juàn。年nián逾yú八bā十shí,犹yóu手shǒu自zì校xiào书shū,刊kān定dìng谬miù误wù,积jī聚jù篇piān卷juǎn,于yú时shí最zuì多duō。开kāi门mén接jiē宾bīn,诱yòu纳nà后hòu进jìn,但dàn讲jiǎng论lùn古gǔ义yì,不bù干gàn时shí事shì,以yǐ是shì见jiàn称chēng。上shàng自zì执zhí政zhèng,下xià及jí童tóng冠guān,皆jiē敬jìng重zhòng焉yān。延yán熙xī十shí年nián卒zú。子zi条tiáo嗣sì,景jǐng耀yào中zhōng为wèi御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng。

朗lǎng兄xiōng子zi宠chǒng,先xiān主zhǔ时shí为wèi牙yá门mén将jiàng。秭zǐ归guī之zhī败bài,宠chǒng营yíng特tè完wán。建jiàn兴xīng元yuán年nián封fēng都dōu亭tíng侯hóu,后hòu为wèi中zhōng部bù督dū,典diǎn宿sù卫wèi兵bīng。诸zhū葛gě亮liàng当dāng北běi行xíng,表biǎo与yǔ后hòu主zhǔ曰yuē:“将jiāng军jūn向xiàng宠chǒng,性xìng行xíng淑shū均jūn,晓xiǎo畅chàng军jūn事shì,试shì用yòng于yú昔xī,先xiān帝dì称chēng之zhī曰yuē能néng,是shì以yǐ众zhòng论lùn举jǔ宠chǒng为wèi督dū。愚yú以yǐ为wéi营yíng中zhōng之zhī事shì,悉xī以yǐ咨zī之zhī,必bì能néng使shǐ行xíng陈chén和hé睦mù,优yōu劣liè得dé所suǒ也yě。”迁qiān中zhōng领lǐng军jūn。延yán熙xī三sān年nián,征zhēng汉hàn嘉jiā蛮mán夷yí,遇yù害hài。宠chǒng弟dì充chōng,历lì射shè声shēng校xiào尉wèi、尚shàng书shū。

张zhāng裔yì字zì君jūn嗣sì,蜀shǔ郡jùn成chéng都dū人rén也yě。治zhì《公gōng羊yáng春chūn秋qiū》,博bó涉shè《史shǐ》、《汉hàn》。汝rǔ南nán许xǔ文wén休xiū入rù蜀shǔ,谓wèi裔yì干gàn里lǐ敏mǐn捷jié,是shì中zhōng夏xià钟zhōng元yuán常cháng之zhī伦lún也yě。刘liú璋zhāng时shí,举jǔ孝xiào廉lián,为wèi鱼yú复fù长zhǎng,还hái州zhōu署shǔ从cóng事shì,领lǐng帐zhàng下xià司sī马mǎ。张zhāng飞fēi自zì荆jīng州zhōu由yóu垫diàn江jiāng入rù,璋zhāng授shòu裔yì兵bīng,拒jù张zhāng飞fēi于yú德dé阳yáng陌mò下xià,军jūn败bài,还hái成chéng都dū。为wèi璋zhāng奉fèng使shǐ诣yì先xiān主zhǔ,先xiān主zhǔ许xǔ以yǐ礼lǐ其qí君jūn而ér安ān其qí人rén也yě,裔yì还hái,城chéng门mén乃nǎi开kāi。先xiān主zhǔ以yǐ裔yì巴bā郡jùn太tài守shǒu,还hái为wèi司sī金jīn中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,典diǎn作zuò农nóng战zhàn之zhī器qì。先xiān是shì,益yì州zhōu郡jùn杀shā太tài守shǒu正zhèng昂áng,耆qí率lǜ雍yōng闿kǎi恩ēn信xìn著zhù于yú南nán土tǔ,使shǐ命mìng周zhōu旋xuán,远yuǎn通tōng孙sūn权quán。乃nǎi以yǐ裔yì为wèi益yì州zhōu太tài守shǒu,径jìng往wǎng至zhì郡jùn。闿kǎi遂suì趑zī趄jū不bù宾bīn,假jiǎ鬼guǐ教jiào曰yuē:“张zhāng府fǔ君jūn如rú瓠hù壶hú,外wài虽suī泽zé而ér内nèi实shí粗cū,不bù足zú杀shā,令lìng缚fù与yǔ吴wú。”于yú是shì遂suì送sòng裔yì于yú权quán。

会huì先xiān主zhǔ薨hōng,诸zhū葛gě亮liàng遣qiǎn邓dèng芝zhī使shǐ吴wú,亮liàng令lìng芝zhī言yán次cì可kě从cóng权quán请qǐng裔yì。裔yì自zì至zhì吴wú数shù年nián,流liú徒tú伏fú匿nì,权quán未wèi之zhī知zhī也yě,故gù许xǔ芝zhī遣qiǎn裔yì。裔yì临lín发fā,权quán乃nǎi引yǐn见jiàn。问wèn裔yì曰yuē:“蜀shǔ卓zhuó氏shì寡guǎ女nǚ,亡wáng奔bēn司sī马mǎ相xiāng如rú,贵guì土tǔ风fēng俗sú何hé以yǐ乃nǎi尔ěr乎hū?”裔yì对duì曰yuē:“愚yú以yǐ为wéi卓zhuó氏shì之zhī寡guǎ女nǚ,犹yóu贤xián于yú买mǎi臣chén之zhī妻qī。”权quán又yòu谓wèi裔yì曰yuē:“君jūn还hái,必bì用yòng事shì西xī朝cháo,终zhōng不bù作zuò田tián父fǔ子zi闾lǘ里lǐ也yě,将jiāng何hé以yǐ报bào我wǒ?”裔yì对duì曰yuē:“裔yì负fù罪zuì而ér归guī,将jiāng委wěi命mìng有yǒu司sī。若ruò蒙méng侥jiǎo幸xìng得dé全quán首shǒu领lǐng,五wǔ十shí八bā已yǐ前qián父fù母mǔ之zhī年nián也yě,自zì此cǐ已yǐ后hòu大dà王wáng之zhī赐cì也yě。”权quán言yán笑xiào欢huān悦yuè,有yǒu器qì裔yì之zhī色sè。裔yì出chū阁gé,深shēn悔huǐ不bù能néng阳yáng愚yú,即jí便biàn就jiù船chuán,倍bèi道dào兼jiān行xíng。权quán果guǒ追zhuī之zhī,裔yì已yǐ入rù永yǒng安ān界jiè数shù十shí里lǐ,追zhuī者zhě不bù能néng及jí。

既jì至zhì蜀shǔ,丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng以yǐ为wéi参cān军jūn,署shǔ府fǔ事shì,又yòu领lǐng益yì州zhōu治zhì中zhōng从cóng事shì。亮liàng出chū驻zhù汉hàn中zhōng,裔yì以yǐ射shè声shēng校xiào尉wèi领lǐng留liú府fǔ长zhǎng史shǐ,常cháng称chēng曰yuē:“公gōng赏shǎng不bù遗yí远yuǎn,罚fá不bù阿ā近jìn,爵jué不bù可kě以yǐ无wú功gōng取qǔ,刑xíng不bù可kě以yǐ贵guì势shì免miǎn,此cǐ贤xián愚yú之zhī所suǒ以yǐ佥qiān忘wàng其qí身shēn者zhě也yě。”其qí明míng年nián,北běi诣yì亮liàng谘zī事shì,送sòng者zhě数shù百bǎi,车chē乘chéng盈yíng路lù,裔yì还huán书shū与yǔ所suǒ亲qīn曰yuē:“近jìn者zhě涉shè道dào,昼zhòu夜yè接jiē客kè,不bù得dé宁níng息xī,人rén自zì敬jìng丞chéng相xiàng长zhǎng史shǐ,男nán子zi张zhāng君jūn嗣sì附fù之zhī,疲pí倦juàn欲yù死sǐ。”其qí谈tán啁zhāo流liú速sù,皆jiē此cǐ类lèi也yě。少shǎo与yǔ犍qián为wéi杨yáng恭gōng友yǒu善shàn,恭gōng早zǎo死sǐ,遗yí孤gū未wèi数shù岁suì,裔yì迎yíng留liú,与yǔ分fēn屋wū而ér居jū,事shì恭gōng母mǔ如rú母mǔ。恭gōng之zhī子zi息xī长zhǎng大dà,为wèi之zhī娶qǔ妇fù,买mǎi田tián宅zhái产chǎn业yè,使shǐ立lì门mén户hù。抚fǔ恤xù故gù旧jiù,振zhèn赡shàn衰shuāi宗zōng,行xíng义yì甚shèn至zhì。加jiā辅fǔ汉hàn将jiāng军jūn,领lǐng长zhǎng史shǐ如rú故gù。建jiàn兴xīng八bā年nián卒zú。子zi毣mù嗣sì,历lì三sān郡jùn守shǒu、监jiān军jūn。毣mù郁yù,太tài子zi中zhōng庶shù子zi。

杨yáng洪hóng字zì季jì休xiū,犍qián为wéi武wǔ阳yáng人rén也yě。刘liú璋zhāng时shí历lì部bù诸zhū郡jùn。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng蜀shǔ,太tài守shǒu李lǐ严yán命mìng为wèi功gōng曹cáo。严yán欲yù徒tú郡jùn治zhì舍shě,洪hóng固gù谏jiàn不bù听tīng,遂suì辞cí功gōng曹cáo,请qǐng退tuì。严yán(欲yù)荐jiàn洪hóng于yú州zhōu,为wèi(蜀shǔ部bù从cóng事shì)[部bù蜀shǔ从cóng事shì]。先xiān主zhǔ争zhēng汉hàn中zhōng,急jí书shū发fā兵bīng,军jūn师shī将jiāng军jūn诸zhū葛gě亮liàng以yǐ问wèn洪hóng,洪hóng曰yuē:“汉hàn中zhōng则zé益yì州zhōu咽yān喉hóu,存cún亡wáng之zhī机jī会huì,若ruò无wú汉hàn中zhōng则zé无wú蜀shǔ矣yǐ,此cǐ家jiā门mén之zhī祸huò也yě。方fāng今jīn之zhī事shì,男nán子zi当dāng战zhàn,女nǚ子zǐ当dāng运yùn,发fā兵bīng何hé疑yí?”时shí蜀shǔ郡jùn太tài守shǒu法fǎ正zhèng从cóng先xiān主zhǔ北běi行xíng,亮liàng于yú是shì表biǎo洪hóng领lǐng蜀shǔ郡jùn太tài守shǒu,众zhòng事shì皆jiē办bàn,遂suì使shǐ即jí真zhēn。顷qǐng之zhī,转zhuǎn为wéi益yì州zhōu治zhì中zhōng从cóng事shì。

先xiān主zhǔ既jì称chēng尊zūn号hào,征zhēng吴wú不bù克kè,还hái住zhù永yǒng安ān。汉hàn嘉jiā太tài守shǒu黄huáng元yuán素sù为wèi诸zhū葛gě亮liàng所suǒ不bù善shàn,闻wén先xiān主zhǔ疾jí病bìng,惧jù有yǒu后hòu患huàn,举jǔ郡jùn反fǎn,烧shāo临lín邛qióng城chéng。时shí亮liàng东dōng行xíng省shěng疾jí,成chéng都dū单dān虚xū,是shì以yǐ元yuán益yì无wú所suǒ惮dàn。洪hóng即jí启qǐ太tài子zi,遣qiǎn其qí亲qīn兵bīng,使shǐ将jiāng军jūn陈chén曶hū、郑zhèng绰chuò讨tǎo元yuán。众zhòng议yì以yǐ为wéi元yuán若ruò不bù能néng围wéi成chéng都dū,当dāng由yóu越yuè囗wéi据jù南nán中zhōng。洪hóng曰yuē:“元yuán素sù信xìn凶xiōng暴bào,无wú他tā恩ēn信xìn,何hé能néng办bàn此cǐ?不bù过guò乘chéng水shuǐ东dōng下xià,冀jì主zhǔ上shàng平píng安ān,面miàn缚fù归guī死sǐ;如rú其qí有yǒu异yì,奔bēn吴wú求qiú活huó耳ěr。敕chì曶hū、绰chuò但dàn于yú南nán安ān峡xiá口kǒu遮zhē即jí便biàn得dé矣yǐ。”曶hū、绰chuò承chéng洪hóng言yán,果guǒ生shēng获huò元yuán。洪hóng建jiàn兴xīng元yuán年nián赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,复fù为wèi蜀shǔ郡jùn太tài守shǒu、忠zhōng节jié将jiāng军jūn,后hòu为wèi越yuè骑qí校xiào尉wèi,领lǐng郡jùn如rú故gù。

五wǔ年nián,丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng北běi住zhù汉hàn中zhōng,欲yù用yòng张zhāng裔yì为wèi留liú府fǔ长zhǎng史shǐ,问wèn洪hóng何hé如rú?洪hóng对duì曰yuē:“裔yì天tiān姿zī明míng察chá,长cháng于yú治zhì剧jù,才cái诚chéng堪kān之zhī,然rán性xìng不bù公gōng平píng,恐kǒng不bù可kě专zhuān任rèn,不bù如rú留liú向xiàng朗lǎng。朗lǎng情qíng伪wěi差chà少shǎo,裔yì随suí从cóng目mù下xià,效xiào其qí器qì能néng,于yú事shì两liǎng善shàn。”初chū,裔yì少shǎo与yǔ洪hóng亲qīn善shàn。裔yì流liú放fàng在zài吴wú,洪hóng临lín裔yì郡jùn,裔yì子zi郁yù给gěi郡jùn吏lì,微wēi过guò受shòu罚fá,不bù特tè原yuán假jiǎ。裔yì后hòu还hái闻wén之zhī,深shēn以yǐ为wéi恨hèn,与yǔ洪hóng情qíng好hǎo有yǒu损sǔn。及jí洪hóng见jiàn亮liàng出chū,至zhì裔yì许xǔ,具jù说shuō所suǒ言yán。裔yì答dá洪hóng曰yuē:“公gōng留liú我wǒ了le矣yǐ,明míng府fǔ不bù能néng止zhǐ。”时shí人rén或huò疑yí洪hóng意yì自zì欲yù作zuò长zhǎng史shǐ,或huò疑yí洪hóng知zhī裔yì自zì嫌xián,不bù愿yuàn裔yì处chù要yào职zhí,典diǎn后hòu事shì也yě。后hòu裔yì与yǔ司sī盐yán校xiào尉wèi岑cén述shù不bù和hé,至zhì于yú忿fèn恨hèn。亮liàng与yǔ裔yì书shū曰yuē:“君jūn昔xī在zài[陌mò]下xià,营yíng坏huài,吾wú之zhī用yòng心xīn,食shí不bù知zhī味wèi;后hòu流liú洪hóng迸bèng南nán海hǎi,相xiāng为wèi悲bēi叹tàn,寝qǐn不bù安ān席xí;及jí其qí来lái还hái,委wěi付fù大dà任rèn,同tóng奖jiǎng王wáng室shì,自zì以yǐ为wéi与yǔ君jūn古gǔ之zhī石shí交jiāo也yě。石shí交jiāo之zhī道dào,举jǔ仇chóu以yǐ相xiāng益yì,割gē骨gǔ肉ròu以yǐ相xiāng明míng,犹yóu不bù相xiāng谢xiè也yě,况kuàng吾wú但dàn委wěi意yì于yú元yuán俭jiǎn,而ér君jūn不bù能néng忍rěn邪xié?”论lùn者zhě由yóu是shì明míng洪hóng无wú私sī。

洪hóng少shǎo不bù好hǎo学xué问wèn,而ér忠zhōng清qīng款kuǎn亮liàng,忧yōu公gōng如rú家jiā,事shì继jì母mǔ至zhì孝xiào。六liù年nián卒zú官guān。始shǐ洪hóng为wèi李lǐ严yán功gōng曹cáo,严yán未wèi(至zhì)[去qù]犍qián为wéi而ér洪hóng已yǐ为wèi蜀shǔ郡jùn。洪hóng迎yíng门mén下xià书shū佐zuǒ何hé祗zhī,有yǒu才cái策cè功gōng干gàn,举jǔ郡jùn吏lì,数shù年nián为wèi广guǎng汉hàn太tài守shǒu,时shí洪hóng亦yì尚shàng在zài蜀shǔ郡jùn。是shì以yǐ西xī土tǔ咸xián服fú诸zhū葛gě亮liàng能néng尽jǐn时shí人rén之zhī器qì用yòng也yě。

费fèi诗shī字zì公gōng举jǔ,犍qián为wéi南nán安ān人rén也yě。刘liú璋zhāng时shí为wèi绵mián竹zhú令lìng,先xiān主zhǔ攻gōng绵mián竹zhú时shí,诗shī先xiān举jǔ城chéng降jiàng。成chéng都dū既jì定dìng,先xiān主zhǔ领lǐng益yì州zhōu牧mù,以yǐ诗shī为wèi督dū军jūn从cóng事shì,出chū为wèi牂zāng牁kē太tài守shǒu,还hái为wèi州zhōu前qián部bù司sī马mǎ。先xiān主zhǔ为wèi汉hàn中zhōng王wáng,遣qiǎn诗shī拜bài关guān羽yǔ为wèi前qián将jiāng军jūn,羽yǔ闻wén黄huáng忠zhōng为wèi后hòu将jiāng军jūn,(羽yǔ)怒nù曰yuē:“大dà丈zhàng夫fū终zhōng不bù与yǔ老lǎo兵bīng同tóng列liè!”不bù肯kěn受shòu拜bài。诗shī谓wèi羽yǔ曰yuē:“夫fū立lì王wáng业yè者zhě,所suǒ用yòng非fēi一yī。昔xī萧xiāo、曹cáo与yǔ高gāo祖zǔ少shào小xiǎo亲qīn旧jiù,而ér陈chén、韩hán亡wáng命mìng后hòu主zhǔ,论lùn其qí班bān列liè,韩hán最zuì居jū上shàng,未wèi闻wén萧xiāo、曹cáo以yǐ此cǐ为wèi怨yuàn。今jīn(汉hàn王wáng)[汉hàn中zhōng王wáng]以yǐ一yī时shí之zhī功gōng隆lóng崇chóng于yú汉hàn升shēng,然rán意yì之zhī轻qīng重zhòng,宁níng当dāng与yǔ君jūn侯hóu齐qí乎hū!且qiě王wáng与yǔ君jūn侯hóu臂bì犹yóu一yī体tǐ,同tóng休xiū等děng戚qī,祸huò福fú共gòng之zhī,愚yú为wèi君jūn侯hóu不bù宜yí计jì官guān号hào之zhī高gāo下xià、爵jué禄lù之zhī多duō少shǎo为wèi意yì也yě。仆pū一yī介jiè之zhī使shǐ,衔xián命mìng之zhī人rén,君jūn侯hóu不bù受shòu拜bài,如rú是shì便biàn还hái,但dàn相xiāng为wèi惜xī此cǐ举jǔ动dòng,恐kǒng有yǒu后hòu悔huǐ耳ěr!”羽yǔ大dà感gǎn悟wù,遂suì即jí受shòu拜bài。

后hòu群qún臣chén议yì欲yù推tuī汉hàn中zhōng王wáng称chēng尊zūn号hào,诗shī上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“殿diàn下xià以yǐ曹cáo操cāo父fù子zǐ逼bī主zhǔ篡cuàn位wèi,故gù乃nǎi羁jī旅lǚ万wàn里lǐ,纠jiū合hé士shì众zhòng,将jiāng以yǐ讨tǎo贼zéi。今jīn天tiān敌dí未wèi克kè,而ér先xiān主zhǔ自zì立lì,恐kǒng人rén心xīn疑yí惑huò。昔xī高gāo祖zǔ与yǔ楚chǔ约yuē,先xiān破pò秦qín者zhě王wáng。及jí屠tú咸xián阳yáng,获huò子zi婴yīng,犹yóu怀huái推tuī让ràng,况kuàng今jīn殿diàn下xià未wèi出chū门mén庭tíng,便biàn欲yù自zì立lì邪xié!愚yú臣chén诚chéng不bù为wèi殿diàn下xià取qǔ也yě。”由yóu是shì忤wǔ指zhǐ,左zuǒ迁qiān部bù永yǒng昌chāng从cóng事shì。建jiàn兴xīng三sān年nián,随suí诸zhū葛gě亮liàng南nán行xíng,归guī至zhì汉hàn阳yáng县xiàn,降jiàng人rén李lǐ鸿hóng来lái诣yì亮liàng,亮liàng见jiàn鸿hóng,时shí蒋jiǎng琬wǎn与yǔ诗shī在zài坐zuò。鸿hóng曰yuē:“闻wén过guò孟mèng达dá许xǔ,适shì见jiàn王wáng冲chōng从cóng南nán来lái,言yán往wǎng者zhě达dá之zhī去qù就jiù,明míng公gōng切qiè齿chǐ,欲yù诛zhū达dá妻qī子zǐ,赖lài先xiān主zhǔ不bù听tīng言yán。达dá曰yuē:‘诸zhū葛gě亮liàng见jiàn顾gù有yǒu本běn末mò,终zhōng不bù尔ěr也yě。’尽jǐn不bù信xìn冲chōng言yán,委wěi仰yǎng明míng公gōng,无wú复fù已yǐ已yǐ。”亮liàng谓wèi琬wǎn、诗shī曰yuē:“还hái都dōu当dāng有yǒu书shū与yǔ子zi度dù相xiāng闻wén。”诗shī进jìn曰yuē:“孟mèng达dá小xiǎo子zi,昔xī事shì振zhèn威wēi不bù忠zhōng,后hòu又yòu背bèi叛pàn先xiān主zhǔ,反fǎn复fù之zhī人rén,何hé足zú与yǔ书shū邪xié!”亮liàng默mò然rán不bù答dá。亮liàng欲yù诱yòu达dá以yǐ为wéi外wài援yuán,竟jìng与yǔ达dá书shū曰yuē:“往wǎng年nián南nán征zhēng,岁suì(未wèi及jí)[末mò及jí]还hái,适shì与yǔ李lǐ鸿hóng会huì于yú汉hàn阳yáng,承chéng知zhī消xiāo息xī,慨kǎi然rán永yǒng叹tàn,以yǐ存cún足zú下xià平píng素sù之zhī志zhì,岂qǐ徒tú空kōng托tuō名míng荣róng,贵guì为wèi乘chéng离lí乎hū!呜wū呼hū孟mèng子zi,斯sī实shí刘liú封fēng侵qīn陵líng足zú下xià,以yǐ伤shāng先xiān主zhǔ待dài士shì之zhī义yì。又yòu鸿hóng道dào王wáng冲chōng造zào作zuò虚xū语yǔ,云yún足zú下xià量liáng度dù吾wú心xīn,不bù受shòu冲chōng说shuō。寻xún表biǎo明míng之zhī言yán,追zhuī平píng生shēng之zhī好hǎo,依yī依yī东dōng望wàng,故gù遣qiǎn有yǒu书shū。”达dá得dé亮liàng书shū,数shù相xiāng交jiāo通tōng,辞cí欲yù叛pàn魏wèi。魏wèi遣qiǎn司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng征zhēng之zhī,即jí斩zhǎn灭miè达dá。亮liàng亦yì以yǐ达dá无wú款kuǎn诚chéng之zhī心xīn,故gù不bù救jiù助zhù也yě。蒋jiǎng琬wǎn秉bǐng政zhèng,以yǐ诗shī为wèi谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū,卒zú于yú家jiā。

王wáng冲chōng者zhě,广guǎng汉hàn人rén也yě。为wèi牙yá门mén将jiàng,统tǒng属shǔ江jiāng州zhōu李lǐ严yán。为wèi严yán所suǒ疾jí,惧jù罪zuì降jiàng魏wèi。魏wèi以yǐ冲chōng为wèi乐lè陵líng太tài守shǒu。

评píng曰yuē:霍huò峻jùn孤gū城chéng不bù倾qīng,王wáng连lián固gù节jié不bù移yí,向xiàng朗lǎng好hào学xué不bù倦juàn,张zhāng裔yì肤fū敏mǐn应yīng机jī,杨yáng洪hóng乃nǎi心xīn忠zhōng公gōng,费fèi诗shī率lǜ意yì而ér言yán,皆jiē有yǒu可kě纪jì焉yān。以yǐ先xiān主zhǔ之zhī广guǎng济jì,诸zhū葛gě之zhī准zhǔn绳shéng,诗shī吐tǔ直zhí言yán,犹yóu用yòng陵líng迟chí,况kuàng庸yōng后hòu乎hū哉zāi!

蜀shǔ书shū十shí二èr 杜dù周zhōu杜dù许xǔ孟mèng来lái尹yǐn李lǐ谯qiáo郄qiè传chuán第dì十shí二èr

杜dù微wēi字zì国guó辅fǔ,锌xīn潼tóng涪fú人rén也yě。少shǎo受shòu学xué于yú广guǎng汉hàn任rèn安ān。刘liú障zhàng辟pì为wèi从cóng事shì,以yǐ疾jí去qù官guān。及jí先xiān主zhǔ定dìng蜀shǔ,微wēi常cháng称chēng聋lóng,闭bì门mén不bù出chū。

建jiàn兴xīng二èr年nián,丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng领lǐng益yì州zhōu牧mù。选xuǎn迎yíng皆jiē妙miào简jiǎn旧jiù德dé,以yǐ秦qín宓mì为wèi别bié驾jià,五wǔ梁liáng为wèi功gōng曹cáo,微wēi为wéi主zhǔ簿bù。微wēi固gù辞cí,举jǔ而ér致zhì之zhī。既jì致zhì,亮liàng引yǐn见jiàn微wēi,微wēi自zì陈chén谢xiè。亮liàng以yǐ微wēi不bù闻wén人rén语yǔ,于yú坐zuò上shàng与yǔ书shū曰yuē:“服fú闻wén德dé行xíng,饥jī渴kě历lì时shí,清qīng浊zhuó异yì流liú,无wú缘yuán咨zī觏gòu。王wáng元yuán泰tài、李lǐ伯bó仁rén、王wáng文wén仪yí、杨yáng季jì休xiū、丁dīng君jūn干gàn、李lǐ永yǒng南nán兄xiōng弟dì、文wén仲zhòng宝bǎo等děng,每měi叹tàn高gāo志zhì,未wèi见jiàn如rú旧jiù。猥wěi以yǐ空kōng虚xū,统tǒng领lǐng贵guì州zhōu,德dé薄báo任rèn重zhòng,惨cǎn惨cǎn忧yōu虑lǜ、朝cháo廷tíng主zhǔ公gōng今jīn年nián始shǐ十shí八bā,天tiān姿zī仁rén敏mǐn,爱ài德dé下xià士shì。天tiān下xià之zhī人rén思sī慕mù汉hàn室shì,欲yù与yǔ君jūn因yīn天tiān顺shùn民mín,辅fǔ此cǐ明míng主zhǔ,以yǐ隆lóng季jì兴xīng之zhī功gōng,著zhù勋xūn于yú竹zhú帛bó也yě。以yǐ谓wèi贤xián愚yú下xià相xiāng为wèi谋móu,故gù自zì割gē绝jué,守shǒu劳láo而ér已yǐ,不bù图tú自zì屈qū也yě。”微wēi自zì乞qǐ老lǎo病bìng求qiú归guī,亮liàng又yòu与yǔ书shū答dá曰yuē:“曹cáo丕pī篡cuàn弑shì,自zì立lì为wèi帝dì,是shì犹yóu土tǔ龙lóng刍chú狗gǒu之zhī有yǒu名míng也yě。欲yù与yǔ群qún贤xián因yīn其qí邪xié伪wěi,以yǐ正zhèng道dào灭miè之zhī。怪guài君jūn未wèi有yǒu相xiāng诲huì,便biàn欲yù求qiú还hái于yú山shān野yě。丕pī又yòu大dà兴xīng劳láo役yì,以yǐ向xiàng吴wú、楚chǔ。今jīn因yīn丕pī多duō务wù,且qiě以yǐ闭bì境jìng勤qín农nóng,育yù养yǎng民mín物wù,并bìng治zhì甲jiǎ兵bīng,以yǐ待dài其qí挫cuò,然rán后hòu伐fá之zhī,可kě使shǐ兵bīng不bù战zhàn民mín不bù劳láo而ér天tiān下xià定dìng也yě。君jūn但dàn当dāng以yǐ德dé辅fǔ时shí耳ěr,不bù责zé君jūn军jūn事shì,何hé为wèi汲jí汲jí欲yù求qiú去qù乎hū!”其qí敬jìng微wēi如rú此cǐ,拜bài为wèi谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū,以yǐ从cóng其qí志zhì。五wǔ梁liáng者zhě,字zì德dé山shān,犍qián为wéi南nán安ān人rén也yě,以yǐ儒rú学xué节jié操cāo称chēng。从cóng议yì郎láng迁qiān谏jiàn义yì大dà夫fū、五wǔ官guān中zhōng朗lǎng将jiāng。

周zhōu群qún字zì仲zhòng直zhí,巴bā西xī阆láng中zhōng人rén也yě。父fù舒shū,字zì叔shū布bù,少shǎo学xué术shù于yú广guǎng汉hàn杨yáng厚hòu,名míng亚yà董dǒng扶fú、任rèn安ān。数shù被bèi征zhēng,终zhōng不bù诣yì。时shí人rén有yǒu问wèn:“《春chūn秋qiū谶chèn》曰yuē‘代dài汉hàn者zhě当dāng涂tú高gāo’,此cǐ何hé谓wèi也yě?”舒shū曰yuē:“当dāng涂tú高gāo者zhě,魏wèi也yě。乡xiāng党dǎng学xué者zhě私sī传chuán其qí语yǔ,群qún少shǎo受shòu学xué于yú舒shū,专zhuān心xīn候hòu业yè。于yú庭tíng中zhōng做zuò小xiǎo楼lóu,家jiā富fù多duō奴nú,常cháng令lìng奴nú更gèng直zhí于yú楼lóu上shàng视shì天tiān灾zāi,才cái见jiàn一yī气qì,即jí白bái群qún,群qún自zì上shàng楼lóu观guàn之zhī,不bù避bì晨chén夜yè,故gù凡fán有yǒu气qì候hòu,无wú不bù见jiàn之zhī者zhě,是shì以yǐ所suǒ言yán多duō中zhōng。州zhōu牧mù刘liú璋zhāng辟pì以yǐ为wéi师shī友yǒu从cóng事shì。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng蜀shǔ,署shǔ儒rú林lín校xiào尉wèi。先xiān主zhǔ欲yù曹cáo公gōng争zhēng汉hàn中zhōng,问wèn群qún,群qún对duì曰yuē:“当dāng得dé其qí地dì,不bù得dé其qí民mín也yě,若ruò出chū偏piān军jūn,必bì不bù利lì,当dāng戒jiè慎shèn之zhī!”时shí州zhōu后hòu部bù司sī马mǎ蜀shǔ郡jùn张zhāng裕yù亦yì晓xiǎo占zhàn候hòu,而ér天tiān才cái过guò群qún,谏jiàn先xiān主zhǔ曰yuē:“不bù可kě争zhēng汉hàn中zhōng,军jūn必bì不bù利lì。”先xiān主zhǔ竟jìng不bù用yòng裕yù言yán,果guǒ得dé地dì而ér不bù得dé民mín也yě。遣qiǎn将jiāng军jūn吴wú兰lán、雷léi铜tóng等děng入rù成chéng都dū,皆jiē没méi不bù还hái,悉xī如rú群qún言yán。于yú是shì举jǔ群qún茂mào才cái。

裕yù又yòu私sī语yǔ人rén曰yuē:“岁suì在zài庚gēng子zi,天tiān下xià当dāng易yì代dài,刘liú氏shì祚zuò尽jǐn矣yǐ。主zhǔ公gōng得dé益yì州zhōu,九jiǔ年nián之zhī后hòu,寅yín卯mǎo之zhī间jiān当dāng失shī之zhī。”入rù密mì白bái其qí言yán。初chū,先xiān主zhǔ与yǔ刘liú璋zhāng会huì涪fú,时shí裕yù为wèi璋zhāng从cóng事shì,侍shì坐zuò,其qí人rén饶ráo须xū,先xiān主zhǔ嘲cháo之zhī曰yuē:“昔xī吾wú居jū涿zhuō县xiàn,特tè多duō毛máo姓xìng,东dōng西xī南nán北běi皆jiē诸zhū毛máo也yě,涿zhuō令lìng称chēng曰yuē‘诸zhū毛máo绕rào涿zhuō居jū乎hū’!”裕yù即jí答dá曰yuē:“昔xī有yǒu作zuò上shàng党dǎng潞lù长zhǎng,迁qiān为wèi涿zhuō令lìng者zhě,去qù官guān还hái家jiā,时shí人rén与yǔ书shū,欲yù署shǔ潞lù则zé失shī涿zhuō,欲yù署shǔ涿zhuō则zé失shī潞lù,乃nǎi署shǔ曰yuē:‘潞lù涿zhuō君jūn’。先xiān主zhǔ无wú须xū,故gù裕yù以yǐ此cǐ及jí之zhī。先xiān主zhǔ常cháng衔xián莫mò不bù逊xùn,加jiā忿fèn其qí漏lòu言yán,乃nǎi显xiǎn裕yù谏jiàn争zhēng汉hàn中zhōng不bù验yàn,下xià狱yù,将jiāng诛zhū之zhī。诸zhū葛gě亮liàng表biǎo请qǐng其qí罪zuì,先xiān主zhǔ答dá曰yuē:“劳láo兰lán生shēng门mén,不bù得dé不bù锄chú。”裕yù遂suì弃qì市shì。后hòu魏wèi氏shì之zhī立lì,先xiān主zhǔ之zhī薨hōng,皆jiē如rú裕yù所suǒ刻kè。又yòu晓xiǎo相xiàng术shù,每měi举jǔ镜jìng视shì面miàn,自zì知zhī刑xíng死sǐ,未wèi常cháng不bù扑pū之zhī于yú地dì也yě。

群qún卒zú,子zi臣chén颇pǒ传chuán其qí术shù。

杜dù琼qióng字zì伯bó瑜yú,蜀shǔ郡jùn成chéng都dū人rén也yě。少shǎo受shòu学xué于yú任rèn安ān,精jīng究jiū安ān术shù。刘liú璋zhāng时shí辟pì为wèi从cóng事shì,先xiān主zhǔ定dìng益yì州zhōu,领lǐng牧mù,以yǐ琼qióng为wèi议yì曹cáo从cóng事shì。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,拜bài谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū,迁qiān左zuǒ中zhōng郎láng将jiāng、大dà鸿hóng胪lú、太tài常cháng。为wéi人rén静jìng默mò少shǎo言yán,阖hé门mén自zì守shǒu,不bù与yǔ世shì事shì。蒋jiǎng琬wǎn、费fèi祎yī等děng皆jiē器qì重zhòng之zhī。虽suī学xué业yè入rù深shēn,初chū不bù视shì天tiān文wén有yǒu所suǒ论lùn说shuō。后hòu近jìn通tōng儒rú谯qiáo周zhōu常cháng问wèn其qí意yì,琼qióng答dá曰yuē:“欲yù明míng此cǐ术shù甚shèn难nán,须xū当dāng身shēn视shì,识shí其qí形xíng色sè,不bù可kě信xìn人rén也yě。晨chén夜yè苦kǔ剧jù,然rán后hòu知zhī之zhī,复fù忧yōu漏lòu泄xiè,不bù如rú不bù知zhī,是shì以yǐ不bù复fù视shì也yě。”周zhōu因yīn问wèn曰yuē:“昔xī周zhōu徵zhēng君jūn以yǐ为wéi当dāng涂tú高gāo者zhě魏wèi也yě,其qí义yì何hé也yě?”琼qióng答dá曰yuē:“魏wèi,阙quē名míng也yě,当dāng涂tú而ér高gāo,圣shèng人rén取qǔ类lèi而ér言yán耳ěr。”又yòu问wèn周zhōu曰yuē:“宁níng复fù有yǒu所suǒ怪guài邪xié?”周zhōu曰yuē:“未wèi达dá也yě。”琼qióng又yòu曰yuē:“古gǔ者zhě名míng官guān职zhí不bù言yán曹cáo,始shǐ自zì汉hàn已yǐ来lái,名míng官guān尽jǐn言yán曹cáo。吏lì言yán属shǔ曹cáo,卒zú言yán侍shì曹cáo,此cǐ殆dài天tiān意yì也yě。”琼qióng年nián八bā十shí余yú,延yán熙xī十shí三sān年nián卒zú。著zhù《韩hán诗shī章zhāng句jù》十shí余yú万wàn言yán,不bù教jiào诸zhū子zi,内nèi学xué无wú传chuán业yè者zhě。周zhōu缘yuán琼qióng言yán,乃nǎi触chù类lèi而ér长cháng之zhī曰yuē:“《春chūn秋qiū传chuán》著zhù秦qín穆mù候hòu名míng太tài子zi曰yuē仇chóu,弟dì曰yuē成chéng师shī。师shī服fú曰yuē:“异yì哉zāi君jūn之zhī名míng子zi也yě!嘉jiā耦ǒu曰yuē妃fēi,怨yuàn耦ǒu曰yuē仇chóu,今jīn君jūn名míng太tài子zi曰yuē仇chóu,弟dì曰yuē成chéng师shī,始shǐ兆zhào乱luàn矣yǐ,兄xiōng其qí替tì乎hū?”其qí后hòu果guǒ如rú服fú言yán。及jí汉hàn灵líng帝dì名míng二èr子zi曰yuē史shǐ候hòu、董dǒng候hòu,既jì立lì为wèi帝dì,后hòu皆jiē免miǎn为wèi诸zhū候hòu,与yǔ师shī服fú言yán相xiāng似sì也yě。先xiān主zhǔ讳huì备bèi,其qí训xùn具jù也yě,后hòu主zhǔ讳huì禅chán,其qí训xùn授shòu也yě,如rú言yán刘liú已yǐ具jù矣yǐ,当dāng授shòu与yǔ人rén也yě;意yì者zhě甚shén于yú穆mù候hòu、灵líng帝dì之zhī名míng子zi。”后hòu宦huàn人rén黄huáng皓hào弄nòng权quán于yú内nèi,景jǐng耀yào五wǔ年nián,宫gōng中zhōng大dà树shù无wú故gù自zì折zhé,周zhōu深shēn忧yōu之zhī,无wú所suǒ与yǔ言yán,乃nǎi书shū柱zhù曰yuē:“众zhòng而ér大dà,期qī之zhī会huì,具jù而ér授shòu,若ruò何hé复fù?”言yán曹cáo者zhě众zhòng也yě,魏wèi者zhě大dà也yě,众zhòng而ér大dà,天tiān下xià其qí当dāng会huì也yě,具jù而ér授shòu,如rú何hé复fù有yǒu立lì者zhě乎hū?蜀shǔ既jì亡wáng,咸xián以yǐ周zhōu言yán为wèi验yàn。周zhōu曰yuē:“此cǐ虽suī己jǐ所suǒ推tuī寻xún,然rán有yǒu所suǒ因yīn,由yóu杜dù君jūn之zhī辞cí而ér广guǎng之zhī耳ěr,殊shū无wú神shén思sī独dú至zhì之zhī异yì也yě。”

许xǔ慈cí字zì仁rén笃dǔ,南nán阳yáng人rén也yě。师shī事shì刘liú熙xī,善shàn郑zhèng氏shì学xué,治zhì《易yì》、《尚shàng书shū》、《三sān礼lǐ》、《毛máo诗shī》、《论lún语yǔ》。建jiàn安ān中zhōng,与yǔ许xǔ靖jìng等děng俱jù自zì交jiāo州zhōu入rù蜀shǔ。时shí又yòu有yǒu魏wèi郡jùn胡hú潜qián,字zì公gōng兴xīng,不bù知zhī其qí所suǒ以yǐ在zài益yì土tǔ。潜qián虽suī学xué不bù沾zhān洽qià,然rán卓zhuó荦luò强qiáng识shí,祖zǔ宗zōng制zhì度dù之zhī仪yí,丧sàng纪jì五wǔ服fú之zhī数shù,皆jiē指zhǐ掌zhǎng画huà地dì,举jǔ手shǒu可kě采cǎi。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng蜀shǔ,承chéng丧sāng乱luàn历lì纪jì,学xué业yè衰shuāi废fèi,乃nǎi鸠jiū合hé典diǎn籍jí,沙shā汰tài众zhòng学xué。慈cí、潜qián并bìng为wèi学xué士shì,与yǔ孟mèng光guāng、来lái敏mǐn等děng典diǎn掌zhǎng旧jiù文wén。值zhí庶shù事shì草cǎo创chuàng,动dòng多duō疑yí议yì,慈cí、潜qián更gèng相xiāng克kè伐fá,谤bàng讟dú忿fèn急jí,形xíng于yú声shēng色sè;书shū籍jí有yǒu无wú,不bù相xiāng通tōng借jiè,时shí寻xún楚chǔ挞tà,以yǐ相xiāng震zhèn攇xiǎn。其qí矜jīn己jǐ妒dù彼bǐ,乃nǎi至zhì于yú此cǐ。先xiān主zhǔ愍mǐn其qí若ruò斯sī,群qún僚liáo大dà会huì,使shǐ倡chàng家jiā假jiǎ为wèi二èr子zi之zhī容róng,效xiào其qí讼sòng阋xì之zhī状zhuàng,酒jiǔ酣hān乐lè作zuò,以yǐ为wéi嬉xī戏xì。初chū以yǐ辞cí义yì相xiāng难nán,终zhōng以yǐ刀dāo杖zhàng相xiāng屈qū,用yòng感gǎn切qiè之zhī。潜qián先xiān没méi,慈cí后hòu主zhǔ世shì稍shāo迁qiān至zhì大dà长zhǎng秋qiū,卒zú。子zi勋xūn传chuán其qí业yè,复fù为wèi博bó士shì。

孟mèng光guāng字zì孝xiào裕yù,河hé南nán洛luò阳yáng人rén,汉hàn太tài尉wèi孟mèng郁yù之zhī族zú。灵líng帝dì末mò为wèi讲jiǎng部bù吏lì。献xiàn帝dì迁qiān都dū长cháng安ān,遂suì逃táo人rén蜀shǔ,刘liú焉yān父fù子zǐ待dài以yǐ客kè礼lǐ。博bó物wù识shí古gǔ,无wú书shū不bù览lǎn,尤yóu锐ruì意yì三sān史shǐ,长cháng于yú汉hàn家jiā旧jiù典diǎn。好hǎo《公gōng羊yáng春chūn秋qiū》而ér讥jī呵hē《左zuǒ氏shì》,每měi与yǔ来lái敏mǐn争zhēng此cǐ二èr义yì,光guāng常cháng譊náo譊náo讙huān咋zǎ。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng益yì州zhōu,拜bài为wèi仪yí郎láng,与yǔ许xǔ慈cí等děng并bìng掌zhǎng制zhì度dù。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,为wèi符fú节jié令lìng、屯tún骑qí校xiào尉wèi、长cháng乐lè少shào府fǔ,迁qiān大dà司sī农nóng。

延yán熙xī九jiǔ年nián秋qiū,大dà赦shè,光guāng于yú众zhòng中zhōng责zé大dà将jiāng军jūn费fèi祎yī曰yuē:“夫fū赦shè者zhě,偏piān枯kū之zhī物wù,非fēi明míng世shì所suǒ宜yí有yǒu也yě。衰shuāi弊bì穷qióng极jí,必bì不bù得dé已yǐ,然rán后hòu乃nǎi可kě权quán而ér行xíng之zhī耳ěr。今jīn主zhǔ上shàng仁rén贤xián,百bǎi僚liáo称chèn职zhí,有yǒu何hé旦dàn夕xī之zhī危wēi,倒dào悬xuán之zhī急jí,而ér数shù施shī非fēi常cháng之zhī恩ēn,以yǐ惠huì奸jiān宄guǐ之zhī恶è乎hū?又yòu鹰yīng隼sǔn始shǐ击jī,而ér更gèng原yuán宥yòu有yǒu罪zuì,上shàng犯fàn天tiān时shí,下xià违wéi人rén理lǐ。老lǎo夫fū耄mào朽xiǔ,不bù达dá治zhì体tǐ,穷qióng谓wèi其qí法fǎ难nán以yǐ经jīng久jiǔ,岂qǐ具jù瞻zhān之zhī高gāo美měi,所suǒ望wàng于yú明míng德dé哉zāi。”祎yī但dàn顾gù谢xiè踧cù踖jí而ér已yǐ。光guāng之zhī指zhǐ摘zhāi痛tòng痒yǎng,多duō如rú是shì类lèi。故gù执zhí政zhèng重zhòng臣chén,心xīn不bù能néng悦yuè,爵jué位wèi不bù登dēng,每měi直zhí言yán无wú所suǒ回huí避bì,为wèi代dài所suǒ嫌xián。太tài常cháng广guǎng汉hàn镡chán承chéng、光guāng禄lù动dòng河hé东dōng斐fěi俊jùn等děng,年nián资zī皆jiē在zài光guāng后hòu,而ér登dēng据jù上shàng列liè,处chù光guāng之zhī右yòu,盖gài以yǐ此cǐ也yě。后hòu进jìn文wén士shì秘mì书shū郎láng郤xì正zhèng数shù从cóng光guāng谘zī访fǎng,光guāng问wèn正zhèng太tài子zi所suǒ习xí读dú性xìng并bìng其qí性xìng情qíng好hào尚shàng,正zhèng答dá曰yuē:“奉fèng亲qīn虔qián恭gōng。夙sù夜yè匪fěi懈xiè,有yǒu古gǔ世shì子zi之zhī风fēng;接jiē待dài群qún僚liáo,举jǔ动dòng出chū于yú仁rén恕shù。”光guāng曰yuē:“如rú君jūn所suǒ道dào,皆jiē家jiā户hù所suǒ有yǒu耳ěr;吾wú今jīn所suǒ问wèn,欲yù知zhī其qí权quán略lüè智zhì调diào何hé如rú也yě。”正zhèng曰yuē:“世shì子zi之zhī道dào,在zài于yú承chéng志zhì竭jié欢huān,既jì不bù得dé妄wàng有yǒu所suǒ施shī为wéi,且qiě智zhì调diào藏cáng于yú胸xiōng怀huái,权quán略lüè应yìng时shí而ér发fā,此cǐ之zhī有yǒu无wú,焉yān可kě豫yù设shè也yě?”光guāng解jiě正zhèng慎shèn宜yí,不bù为wèi放fàng谈tán,乃nǎi曰yuē:“吾wú好hǎo直zhí言yán,无wú所suǒ回huí避bì,每měi弹tán射shè利lì病bìng,为wèi世shì人rén所suǒ讥jī嫌xián。疑yí省shěng君jūn意yì亦yì不bù甚shèn好hǎo吾wú言yán,然rán语yǔ有yǒu次cì。今jīn天tiān下xià未wèi定dìng,智zhì意yì为wèi先xiān,智zhì意yì虽suī有yǒu自zì然rán,然rán不bù可kě力lì强qiáng致zhì也yě。此cǐ储chǔ君jūn读dú书shū,宁níng当dāng效xiào吾wú等děng竭jié力lì博bó识shí以yǐ待dài访fǎng问wèn,如rú博bó士shì探tàn策cè讲jiǎng试shì以yǐ求qiú爵jué位wèi邪xié!当dāng务wù其qí急jí者zhě。”正zhèng深shēn谓wèi光guāng言yán为wèi然rán。后hòu光guāng坐zuò事shì免miǎn官guān,年nián九jiǔ十shí余yú,卒zú。

来lái敏mǐn字zì敬jìng达dá,义yì阳yáng新xīn野yě人rén,来lái歙shè之zhī后hòu也yě。父fù艳yàn,为wèi汉hàn司sī空kōng。汉hàn末mò大dà乱luàn,敏mǐn随suí姊zǐ夫fū奔bēn荆jīng州zhōu,姊zǐ夫fū黄huáng琬wǎn是shì刘liú璋zhāng祖zǔ母mǔ之zhī侄zhí,故gù璋zhāng遣qiǎn迎yíng琬wǎn妻qī,敏mǐn遂suì俱jù与yǔ姊zǐ入rù蜀shǔ,常cháng为wèi璋zhāng宾bīn客kè。涉shè猎liè书shū籍jí,善shàn《左zuǒ氏shì春chūn秋qiū》,尤yóu精jīng于yú《仓cāng》、《雅yǎ》训xùn诂gǔ,好hǎo是shì正zhèng文wén字zì。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng益yì州zhōu,署shǔ敏mǐn典diǎn学xué校xiào尉wèi。及jí立lì太tài子zi,以yǐ为wéi家jiā令lìng。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,为wèi虎hǔ贲bēn中zhōng郎láng将jiāng。丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng住zhù汉hàn中zhōng,请qǐng为wèi军jūn祭jì酒jiǔ、辅fǔ军jūn将jiāng军jūn,坐zuò事shì去qù职zhí。亮liàng卒zú后hòu,还hái成chéng都dū为wèi大dà长zhǎng秋qiū,又yòu免miǎn,后hòu累lèi迁qiān为wèi光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,复fù坐zuò过guò黜chù。前qián后hòu数shù贬biǎn削xuē,皆jiē以yǐ语yǔ言yán不bù节jié,举jǔ动dòng违wéi常cháng也yě。时shí孟mèng光guāng亦yì以yǐ枢shū机jī不bù慎shèn,议yì论lùn干gàn时shí,然rán犹yóu愈yù于yú敏mǐn,俱jù以yǐ耆qí宿sù学xué士shì见jiàn礼lǐ于yú世shì。而ér敏mǐn荆jīng楚chǔ名míng族zú,东dōng宫gōng旧jiù臣chén,特tè加jiā优yōu待dài,是shì故gù废fèi而ér复fù起qǐ。后hòu以yǐ敏mǐn为wèi执zhí慎shèn将jiāng军jūn,欲yù令lìng以yǐ官guān重zhòng自zì警jǐng戒jiè也yě,年nián九jiǔ十shí七qī,景jǐng耀yào中zhōng卒zú。子zi忠zhōng,亦yì博bó览lǎn经jīng学xué,有yǒu敏mǐn风fēng,与yǔ尚shàng书shū向xiàng充chōng等děng并bìng能néng协xié赞zàn大dà将jiāng军jūn姜jiāng维wéi。维wéi善shàn之zhī,以yǐ为wéi参cān军jūn。

尹yǐn默mò字zì思sī潜qián,梓zǐ潼tóng涪fú人rén也yě。益yì部bù多duō贵guì今jīn文wén而ér不bù祟suì章zhāng句jù,默mò知zhī其qí不bù博bó。乃nǎi远yuǎn游yóu荆jīng州zhōu,从cóng司sī马mǎ德dé操cāo、宋sòng仲zhòng子zi等děng受shòu古gǔ学xué。皆jiē通tōng诸zhū经jīng史shǐ,又yòu专zhuān精jīng于yú《左zuǒ氏shì春chūn秋qiū》,自zì刘liú歆xīn条tiáo例lì,郑zhèng众zhòng、贾jiǎ逵kuí父fù子zǐ、陈chén元yuán、方fāng服fú虔qián注zhù说shuō,咸xián略lüè诵sòng述shù,不bù复fù按àn本běn。先xiān主zhǔ定dìng益yì州zhōu,领lǐng牧mù,以yǐ为wéi劝quàn学xué从cóng事shì。及jí立lì太tài子zi,以yǐ默mò为wèi仆pū,射shè以yǐ《左zuǒ氏shì传chuán》授shòu后hòu主zhǔ。后hòu主zhǔ践jiàn阼zuò,拜bài谏jiàn议yì大dà夫fū。丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng住zhù汉hàn中zhōng,请qǐng为wèi军jūn祭jì酒jiǔ。亮liàng卒zú,还hái成chéng都dū,拜bài大dà中zhōng大dà夫fū,卒zú。子zi宗zōng传chuán其qí业yè,为wèi博bó士shì。

李lǐ譔zhuàn字zì钦qīn仲zhòng,梓zǐ潼tóng涪fú人rén也yě。父fù仁rén,字zì德dé贤xián,与yǔ同tóng县xiàn尹yǐn默mò惧jù游yóu荆jīng州zhōu,从cóng司sī马mǎ徽huī、宋sòng忠zhōng等děng学xué。譔zhuàn具jù传chuán其qí业yè,又yòu默mò讲jiǎng论lùn义yì理lǐ,五wǔ经jīng、诸zhū子zi,无wú不bù该gāi览lǎn,加jiā博bó好hǎo技jì艺yì,算suàn术shù、卜bo数shù,医yī药yào、弓gōng弩nǔ、机jī械xiè之zhī巧qiǎo,皆jiē致zhì思sī焉yān。始shǐ为wèi州zhōu书shū佐zuǒ、尚shàng书shū令lìng史shǐ。延yán熙xī元yuán年nián,后hòu主zhǔ立lì太tài子zi,以yǐ譔zhuàn为wèi庶shù子zi,迁qiān为wèi仆pū,射shè转zhuǎn中zhōng散sàn大dà夫fū、右yòu中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,犹yóu侍shì太tài子zi。太tài子zi爱ài其qí多duō知zhī,甚shèn悦yuè之zhī。然rán体tǐ轻qīng脱tuō,好hǎo戏xì啁zhāo,故gù世shì不bù能néng重zhòng也yě。著zhù古gǔ文wén《易yì》、《尚shàng书shū》、《毛máo诗shī》、《三sān礼lǐ》、《左zuǒ氏shì传chuán》、《太tài玄xuán指zhǐ归guī》,皆jiē依yī准zhǔn贾jiǎ、马mǎ,异yì于yú郑zhèng玄xuán。与yǔ王wáng氏shì殊shū隔gé,初chū不bú见jiàn其qí所suǒ述shù,而ér意yì归guī多duō同tóng。景jǐng耀yào中zhōng卒zú。时shí又yòu有yǒu汉hàn中zhōng陈chén术shù,字zì申shēn伯bó,亦yì博bó学xué多duō闻wén,著zhù《释shì部bù》七qī篇piān、《益yì部bù耆qí旧jiù传chuán》及jí《志zhì》,位wèi历lì三sān郡jùn太tài守shǒu。

谯qiáo周zhōu字zì允yǔn南nán,巴bā西xī西xī充chōng国guó人rén也yě。父fù(山shān并bìng),字zì荣róng始shǐ,治zhì《尚shàng书shū》,兼jiān通tōng诸zhū经jīng及jí图tú纬wěi。州zhōu郡jùn辟pì请qǐng,皆jiē不bù应yīng,州zhōu就jiù假jiǎ师shī友yǒu从cóng事shì。周zhōu幼yòu孤gū,与yǔ母mǔ兄xiōng同tóng居jū。既jì长zhǎng,耽dān古gǔ笃dǔ学xué,家jiā贫pín未wèi尝cháng问wèn产chǎn业yè,诵sòng读dú典diǎn籍jí,欣xīn然rán独dú笑xiào,以yǐ忘wàng寝qǐn食shí。研yán精jīng《六liù经jīng》,尤yóu善shàn书shū札zhá,颇pǒ晓xiǎo天tiān文wén,而ér不bù以yǐ留liú意yì;诸zhū子zi文wén章zhāng非fēi心xīn所suǒ存cún,不bù悉xī遍biàn视shì也yě。身shēn长cháng八bā尺chǐ,体tǐ貌mào素sù朴piáo,性xìng推tuī诚chéng不bù饰shì。无wú造zào次cì辩biàn论lùn之zhī才cái,然rán潜qián识shí内nèi敏mǐn。

建jiàn兴xīng中zhōng,丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng领lǐng益yì州zhōu牧mù,命mìng周zhōu为wèi劝quàn学xué从cóng事shì。亮liàng卒zú于yú敌dí庭tíng,周zhōu在zài家jiā闻wén问wèn,即jí便biàn奔bēn赴fù,寻xún有yǒu诏zhào书shū禁jìn断duàn,惟wéi周zhōu以yǐ速sù行xíng得dé达dá。大dà将jiāng军jūn蒋jiǎng琬wǎn领lǐng刺cì史shǐ,徙xǐ为wèi典diǎn学xué从cóng事shì,总zǒng州zhōu之zhī学xué者zhě。后hòu主zhǔ立lì太tài子zi,以yǐ周zhōu为wèi仆pū,转zhuǎn家jiā令lìng。时shí后hòu主zhǔ颇pǒ出chū游yóu观guān,增zēng广guǎng声shēng乐yuè。周zhōu上shàng疏shū谏jiàn曰yuē:“昔xī王wáng莽mǎng之zhī败bài,豪háo杰jié并bìng起qǐ,跨kuà州zhōu据jù郡jùn,欲yù弄nòng神shén器qì,于yú是shì贤xián才cái智zhì士shì思sī望wàng所suǒ归guī,未wèi必bì以yǐ其qí势shì之zhī广guǎng狭xiá,惟wéi其qí德dé之zhī薄báo厚hòu也yě。是shì故gù于yú时shí更gēng始shǐ、公gōng孙sūn述shù及jí诸zhū有yǒu大dà众zhòng者zhě多duō己jǐ广guǎng大dà,然rán莫mò不bù快kuài情qíng恣zì欲yù,怠dài于yú为wèi善shàn,游yóu猎liè饮yǐn食shí,不bù恤xù民mín物wù。

世shì祖zǔ初chū入rù河hé北běi,冯féng异yì等děng劝quàn之zhī曰yuē:“当dāng行xíng人rén所suǒ不bù能néng为wèi。”遂suì务wù理lǐ冤yuān狱yù,节jié俭jiǎn饮yǐn食shí,动dòng尊zūn法fǎ度dù,故gù北běi州zhōu歌gē叹tàn,声shēng布bù四sì远yuǎn。于yú是shì邓dèng禹yǔ自zì南nán阳yáng追zhuī之zhī,吴wú汉hàn、寇kòu恂xún未wèi识shí世shì祖zǔ,遥yáo闻wén德dé行xíng,遂suì以yǐ权quán计jì举jǔ渔yú阳yáng、上shàng谷gǔ突tū骑qí迎yíng于yú广guǎng阿ā。其qí望wàng风fēng慕mù德dé者zhě邳pī肜róng、耿gěng纯chún、刘liú植zhí之zhī徒tú,至zhì于yú舆yú病bìng赍jī棺guān,繦qiǎng负fù而ér至zhì者zhě,不bù可kě胜shèng数shǔ,故gù能néng以yǐ弱ruò为wèi强qiáng,屠tú王wáng郎láng,吞tūn铜tóng马mǎ,折zhé赤chì眉méi而ér成chéng帝dì业yè也yě。及jí在zài洛luò阳yáng,尝cháng欲yù小xiǎo出chū,车chē驾jià已yǐ御yù,铫diào期qī谏jiàn曰yuē:‘天tiān下xià未wèi宁níng,臣chén诚chéng不bù愿yuàn陛bì下xià细xì行xíng数shù出chū。’即jí时shí还hái车chē。及jí征zhēng隗kuí嚣xiāo,颖yǐng川chuān盗dào起qǐ,世shì祖zǔ还hái洛luò阳yáng,但dàn遣qiǎn寇kòu恂xún往wǎng,恂xún曰yuē:‘颖yǐng川chuān以yǐ陛bì下xià远yuǎn征zhēng,故gù奸jiān猾huá起qǐ叛pàn,未wèi知zhī陛bì下xià还hái,恐kǒng不bù时shí降jiàng;陛bì下xià自zì临lín,颖yǐng川chuān贼zéi必bì即jí降jiàng。’遂suì至zhì颖yǐng川chuān,竟jìng如rú恂xún言yán。故gù非fēi急jí务wù,欲yù小xiǎo出chū不bù敢gǎn,至zhì于yú急jí务wù,欲yù自zì安ān不bù为wèi,故gù帝dì者zhě之zhī欲yù善shàn也yě如rú此cǐ!故gù《传chuán》曰yuē‘百bǎi姓xìng不bù徒tú附fù”,诚chéng以yǐ德dé先xiān之zhī也yě。今jīn汉hàn遭zāo厄è运yùn,天tiān下xià三sān分fēn,雄xióng哲zhé之zhī士shì思sī望wàng之zhī时shí也yě。陛bì下xià天tiān姿zī至zhì孝xiào,丧sàng逾yú三sān年nián,言yán及jí陨yǔn涕tì,虽suī曾céng、闵mǐn不bù过guò也yě。敬jìng贤xián任rèn才cái,使shǐ之zhī尽jìn力lì,有yǒu逾yú成chéng、康kāng。故gù国guó内nèi和hé一yī,大dà小xiǎo戮lù力lì,臣chén所suǒ不bù能néng陈chén。然rán臣chén不bù胜shèng大dà愿yuàn,愿yuàn复fù广guǎng人rén所suǒ不bù能néng者zhě。夫fū挽wǎn大dà重zhòng者zhě,其qí用yòng力lì苦kǔ不bù众zhòng,拔bá大dà艰jiān者zhě,其qí善shàn术shù苦kǔ不bù广guǎng,且qiě承chéng事shì宗zōng庙miào者zhě,非fēi徒tú求qiú福fú祐yòu,所suǒ以yǐ率lǜ民mín尊zūn上shàng也yě。至zhì于yú四sì时shí之zhī祀sì,或huò有yǒu不bù临lín,池chí苑yuàn之zhī观guān;或huò有yǒu仍réng出chū,臣chén之zhī愚yú滞zhì,私sī不bù自zì安ān。夫fū忧yōu责zé在zài身shēn者zhě,不bù暇xiá尽jǐn乐lè,先xiān帝dì之zhī志zhì,堂táng构gòu未wèi成chéng,诚chéng非fēi尽jǐn乐lè之zhī时shí。愿yuàn省shěng减jiǎn乐yuè官guān、后hòu宫gōng所suǒ增zēng造zào,但dàn奉fèng备bèi先xiān帝dì所suǒ施shī,下xià为wèi子zǐ孙sūn节jié俭jiǎn之zhī教jiào。”徙xǐ为wèi中zhōng散sàn大dà夫fū,犹yóu侍shì太tài子zi。

于yú时shí军jūn旅lǚ数shù出chū,百bǎi姓xìng凋diāo瘁cuì,周zhōu与yǔ尚shàng书shū令lìng陈chén祗zhī论lùn其qí利lì害hài,退tuì而ér书shū之zhī,谓wèi之zhī《仇chóu国guó论lùn》,其qí辞cí曰yuē:“因yīn余yú之zhī国guó小xiǎo,而ér肇zhào建jiàn之zhī国guó大dà,并bìng争zhēng于yú世shì而ér为wèi仇chóu敌dí。因yīn余yú之zhī国guó有yǒu高gāo贤xián卿qīng者zhě,问wèn于yú伏fú愚yú子zi曰yuē:‘今jīn国guó事shì未wèi定dìng,上shàng下xià劳láo心xīn,往wǎng古gǔ之zhī事shì,能néng以yǐ弱ruò胜shèng强qiáng者zhě,其qí术shù何hé如rú?’伏fú愚yú子zi曰yuē:‘吾wú闻wén之zhī,处chù大dà无wú患huàn者zhě恒héng多duō慢màn,处chù小xiǎo有yǒu忧yōu者zhě恒héng思sī善shàn;多duō慢màn则zé生shēng乱luàn,恩ēn善shàn则zé生shēng治zhì,理lǐ之zhī常cháng也yě。故gù周zhōu文wén养yǎng民mín,以yǐ少shǎo取qǔ多duō;勾gōu践jiàn恤xù众zhòng,以yǐ弱ruò毙bì强qiáng,此cǐ其qí术shù也yě。’贤xián卿qīng曰yuē:‘囊náng者zhě项xiàng强qiáng汉hàn弱ruò,相xiāng与yǔ战zhàn争zhēng,无wú日rì宁níng息xī,然rán项xiàng羽yǔ与yǔ汉hàn约yuē分fēn鸿hóng沟gōu为wèi界jiè,各gè欲yù归guī息xī民mín;张zhāng良liáng以yǐ为wéi民mín志zhì既jì定dìng,则zé难nán动dòng也yě,寻xún帅shuài追zhuī羽yǔ,终zhōng毙bì项xiàng氏shì,岂qǐ必bì由yóu文wén王wáng之zhī事shì乎hū?’肇zhào建jiàn之zhī国guó方fāng有yǒu疾jí疢chèn,我wǒ因yīn其qí隙xì,陷xiàn其qí边biān陲chuí,觊jì增zēng其qí疾jí而ér毙bì之zhī也yě。”伏fú愚yú子zi曰yuē:‘当dāng殷yīn、周zhōu之zhī际jì,王wáng候hòu世shì尊zūn,君jūn臣chén久jiǔ固gù,民mín习xí所suǒ专zhuān;深shēn根gēn者zhě难nán拔bá,据jù固gù者zhě难nán迁qiān。当dāng此cǐ之zhī时shí,虽suī汉hàn祖zǔ安ān能néng杖zhàng剑jiàn鞭biān马mǎ而ér取qǔ天tiān下xià乎hū?当dāng秦qín罢bà候hòu置zhì守shǒu之zhī后hòu,民mín疲pí秦qín役yì,天tiān下xià土tǔ崩bēng;或huò岁suì改gǎi主zhǔ,或huò月yuè易yì公gōng,鸟niǎo惊jīng兽shòu骇hài,莫mò知zhī所suǒ从cóng,于yú是shì豪háo强qiáng并bìng争zhēng,虎hǔ裂liè狼láng分fēn,疾jí搏bó者zhě获huò多duō,迟chí后hòu者zhě见jiàn吞tūn。今jīn我wǒ与yǔ肇zhào建jiàn皆jiē传chuán国guó易yì世shì矣yǐ,既jì非fēi秦qín末mò鼎dǐng沸fèi之zhī时shí,实shí有yǒu六liù国guó并bìng据jù之zhī势shì,故gù可kě为wèi文wén王wáng,难nán为wéi汉hàn祖zǔ。夫fū民mín疲pí劳láo,则zé骚sāo扰rǎo之zhī兆zhào生shēng,上shàng慢màn下xià暴bào则zé瓦wǎ解jiě之zhī形xíng起qǐ。谚yàn曰yuē:“射shè幸xìng数shù跌diē,不bù如rú审shěn发fā。”是shì故gù智zhì者zhě不bù为wèi小xiǎo利lì移yí目mù,不bù为wèi意yì似shì改gǎi步bù,时shí可kě而ér后hòu动dòng,数shù合hé而ér后hòu举jǔ,故gù汤tāng、武wǔ之zhī师shī不bù再zài战zhàn而ér克kè,诚chéng重zhòng民mín劳láo而ér度dù时shí审shěn也yě。如rú遂suì极jí武wǔ黜chù征zhēng,土tǔ崩bēng势shì生shēng,不bù幸xìng遇yù难nàn,虽suī有yǒu智zhì者zhě将jiāng不bù能néng谋móu之zhī矣yǐ;若ruò乃nǎi奇qí变biàn纵zòng横héng,出chū入rù无wú间jiān,冲chōng波bō截jié辙zhé,超chāo谷gǔ越yuè山shān,不bù由yóu舟zhōu揖yī而ér济jì盟méng津jīn者zhě,我wǒ愚yú子zi也yě,实shí所suǒ不bù及jí。后hòu迁qiān光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū,位wèi亚yà九jiǔ列liè。周zhōu虽suī不bù与yǔ政zhèng事shì,以yǐ儒rú行xíng见jiàn礼lǐ。时shí访fǎng大dà议yì,辄zhé据jù经jīng以yǐ对duì,而ér后hòu生shēng好hào事shì者zhě亦yì咨zī问wèn所suǒ疑yí焉yān。

景jǐng耀yào六liù年nián冬dōng,魏wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn邓dèng艾ài克kè江jiāng由yóu,长cháng驱qū而ér前qián。而ér蜀shǔ本běn谓wèi敌dí不bù便biàn至zhì,不bù作zuò城chéng守shǒu调diào度dù。及jí闻wén艾ài已yǐ人rén阴yīn平píng,百bǎi姓xìng扰rǎo扰rǎo,皆jiē进jìn山shān野yě,不bù可kě禁jìn制zhì。后hòu主zhǔ使shǐ臣chén群qún会huì议yì,计jì无wú所suǒ出chū。或huò以yǐ为wéi蜀shǔ之zhī与yǔ吴wú,本běn为wèi和hé国guó,宜yí可kě奔bēn吴wú;或huò以yǐ为wéi南nán中zhōng七qī郡jùn,阻zǔ险xiǎn斗dòu绝jué,易yì以yǐ自zì守shǒu,宜yí可kě奔bēn南nán。惟wéi周zhōu以yǐ为wéi:“自zì古gǔ以yǐ来lái,无wú寄jì他tā国guó为wèi天tiān子zi者zhě也yě,今jīn若ruò入rù吴wú,固gù当dāng臣chén服fú。且qiě政zhèng理lǐ不bù殊shū,则zé大dà能néng吞tūn小xiǎo,此cǐ数shù之zhī自zì然rán也yě。由yóu此cǐ言yán之zhī,则zé魏wèi能néng并bìng吴wú,吴wú不bù能néng并bìng魏wèi明míng矣yǐ。等děng为wèi小xiǎo称chēng臣chén,孰shú与yǔ为wèi大dà?再zài辱rǔ之zhī耻chǐ,何hé与yǔ一yī辱rǔ?且qiě若ruò欲yù奔bēn南nán,则zé当dāng早zǎo为wèi之zhī计jì,然rán后hòu可kě果guǒ;今jīn大dà敌dí以yǐ近jìn,祸huò败bài将jiàng及jí,群qún小xiǎo之zhī心xīn,无wú一yī可kě保bǎo,恐kǒng发fā足zú之zhī日rì,其qí变biàn不bù测cè,何hé至zhì南nán之zhī有yǒu乎hū!”群qún臣chén或huò难nán周zhōu曰yuē:“今jīn艾ài以yǐ不bù远yuǎn,恐kǒng不bù受shòu降xiáng,如rú之zhī何hé?”周zhōu曰yuē:“方fāng今jīn东dōng吴wú未wèi宾bīn,事shì势shì不bù得dé不bù受shòu之zhī,受shòu之zhī后hòu,不bù得dé不bù礼lǐ。若ruò陛bì下xià降jiàng魏wèi,魏wèi不bù裂liè土tǔ以yǐ封fēng陛bì下xià者zhě,周zhōu请qǐng身shēn诣yì京jīng都dū,以yǐ古gǔ义yì争zhēng之zhī。”众zhòng人rén无wú以yǐ易yì周zhōu之zhī理lǐ。

后hòu主zhǔ犹yóu疑yí于yú入rù南nán,周zhōu上shàng疏shū曰yuē:“或huò说shuō陛bì下xià以yǐ北běi兵bīng深shēn入rù,有yǒu欲yù适shì南nán之zhī计jì,臣chén愚yú以yǐ为wéi不bù安ān。何hé者zhě?南nán方fāng远yuǎn夷yí之zhī地dì,平píng常cháng无wú所suǒ供gōng为wèi,犹yóu数shù反fǎn叛pàn,自zì丞chéng相xiàng亮liàng南nán征zhēng,兵bīng势shì逼bī之zhī,穷qióng乃nǎi幸xìng从cóng,是shì后hòu供gōng出chū官guān赋fù,取qǔ以yǐ给gěi兵bīng,以yǐ为wéi愁chóu怨yuàn,此cǐ患huàn国guó之zhī人rén也yě。今jīn以yǐ穷qióng迫pò,欲yù往wǎng依yī恃shì,恐kǒng必bì复fù反fǎn叛pàn,一yī也yě;北běi兵bīng之zhī来lái,非fēi但dàn取qǔ蜀shǔ而ér已yǐ,若ruò奔bēn南nán方fāng,必bì因yīn人rén势shì衰shuāi,及jí时shí赴fù追zhuī,二èr也yě;若ruò至zhì南nán方fāng,外wài当dāng拒jù敌dí,内nèi供gōng服fú御yù,费fèi用yòng张zhāng广guǎng,他tā无wú所suǒ取qǔ,耗hào损sǔn诸zhū夷yí必bì甚shèn,甚shèn必bì速sù叛pàn,三sān也yě;昔xī王wáng郎láng以yǐ邯hán郸dān僭jiàn号hào,时shí世shì祖zǔ在zài信xìn都dōu,畏wèi逼bī于yú郎láng,欲yù弃qì还hái关guān中zhōng。邳pī肜róng谏jiàn曰yuē:‘明míng公gōng西xī还hái,则zé邯hán郸dān城chéng民mín不bù肯kěn捐juān父fù母mǔ,背bèi城chéng主zhǔ,而ér千qiān里lǐ送sòng公gōng,其qí亡wáng叛pàn可kě必bì也yě。’世shì祖zǔ从cóng之zhī,遂suì破pò邯hán郸dān。今jīn北běi兵bīng至zhì,陛bì下xià南nán行xíng,诚chéng恐kǒng邳pī肜róng之zhī言yán复fù信xìn于yú今jīn,四sì也yě。愿yuàn陛bì下xià早zǎo为wèi之zhī图tú,可kě获huò爵jué土tǔ;若ruò遂suì适shì南nán,势shì穷qióng乃nǎi服fú,其qí祸huò必bì深shēn。《易yì》曰yuē:‘亢kàng之zhī为wèi言yán,知zhī得dé而ér不bù知zhī丧sàng,知zhī存cún而ér不bù知zhī亡wáng;知zhī得dé失shī存cún亡wáng而ér不bù失shī其qí正zhèng者zhě,其qí惟wéi圣shèng人rén乎hū!”言yán圣shèng人rén知zhī命mìng而ér不bù苟gǒu必bì也yě,故gù尧yáo,舜shùn以yǐ子zi不bù善shàn,知zhī天tiān有yǒu授shòu,而ér求qiú授shòu人rén;子zi虽suī不bù肖xiào,祸huò尚shàng未wèi萌méng,而ér迎yíng绶shòu于yú人rén,况kuàng祸huò以yǐ至zhì乎hū!故gù微wēi子zi以yǐ殷yīn王wáng之zhī昆kūn,面miàn缚fù衔xián璧bì而ér归guī武wǔ王wáng,岂qǐ所suǒ乐lè哉zāi,不bù得dé已yǐ也yě。”于yú是shì遂suì从cóng周zhōu策cè。刘liú氏shì无wú虞yú,一yī邦bāng蒙méng赖lài,周zhōu之zhī谋móu也yě。

时shí晋jìn文wén王wáng为wèi魏wèi相xiàng国guó,以yǐ周zhōu有yǒu全quán国guó之zhī功gōng,封fēng阳yáng城chéng亭tíng侯hóu。又yòu下xià书shū辟pì周zhōu,周zhōu发fā至zhì汉hàn中zhōng,困kùn疾jí不bù进jìn。咸xián熙xī二èr年nián夏xià,巴bā郡jùn文wén立lì从cóng洛luò阳yáng还hái蜀shǔ,过guò见jiàn周zhōu。周zhōu语yǔ次cì,因yīn书shū版bǎn示shì立lì曰yuē:“典diǎn午wǔ忽hū兮xī,月yuè酉yǒu没méi兮xī。”典diǎn午wǔ者zhě谓wèi司sī马mǎ也yě,月yuè酉yǒu者zhě谓wèi八bā月yuè也yě,至zhì八bā月yuè而ér文wén王wáng果guǒ崩bēng。晋jìn室shì践jiàn阼zuò,累lèi下xià诏zhào所suǒ在zài发fā遣qiǎn周zhōu。周zhōu遂suì舆yú疾jí诣yì洛luò,泰tài始shǐ三sān年nián至zhì。以yǐ疾jí不bù起qǐ,就jiù拜bài骑qí都dū尉wèi,周zhōu乃nǎi自zì陈chén无wú功gōng而ér封fēng,求qiú还hái爵jué土tǔ,皆jiē不bù听tīng许xǔ。五wǔ年nián,予yǔ常cháng为wèi本běn郡jùn中zhōng正zhèng,清qīng定dìng事shì讫qì,求qiú休xiū还hái家jiā,往wǎng与yǔ周zhōu别bié。周zhōu语yǔ予yǔ曰yuē:“昔xī孔kǒng子zi七qī十shí二èr、刘liú向xiàng、杨yáng雄xióng七qī十shí一yī而ér没méi,今jīn吾wú年nián过guò七qī十shí,庶shù慕mù孔kǒng子zi遗yí风fēng,可kě与yǔ刘liú、杨yáng同tóng轨guǐ,恐kǒng不bù出chū后hòu岁suì,必bì便biàn长cháng逝shì,不bù复fù相xiāng见jiàn矣yǐ。”疑yí周zhōu以yǐ术shù知zhī之zhī,假jiǎ而ér此cǐ言yán也yě。六liù年nián秋qiū,为wèi散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,疾jí笃dǔ不bù拜bài,至zhì冬dōng卒zú。凡fán所suǒ著zhù述shù,择zé定dìng《法fǎ训xùn》、《五wǔ经jīng论lùn》、《古gǔ史shǐ考kǎo》书shū之zhī属shǔ百bǎi余yú篇piān。周zhōu三sān子zi,熙xī、贤xián、同tóng,少shǎo子zǐ同tóng颇pǒ好hǎo周zhōu业yè,亦yì以yǐ忠zhōng笃dǔ质zhì素sù为wèi行xíng,举jǔ孝xiào廉lián,除chú锡xī令lìng、东dōng宫gōng洗xǐ马mǎ,召zhào不bù就jiù。

郤xì正zhèng字zì令lìng先xiān,河hé南nán偃yǎn师shī人rén也yě。祖zǔ父fù俭jiǎn,灵líng帝dì末mò为wèi益yì州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,为wèi盗dào贼zéi所suǒ杀shā。会huì天tiān下xià大dà乱luàn,故gù正zhèng父fù揖yī因yīn留liú蜀shǔ。揖yī为wèi将jiāng军jūn孟mèng达dá都dū督dū,随suí达dá降jiàng魏wèi,为wèi中zhōng书shū令lìng史shǐ。正zhèng本běn名míng纂zuǎn。少shǎo以yǐ父fù死sǐ母mǔ嫁jià,单dān茕qióng双shuāng立lì,而ér安ān贫pín好hào学xué,博bó览lǎn坟fén籍jí。弱ruò冠guàn能néng属zhǔ文wén,入rù为wèi秘mì书shū吏lì,转zhuǎn为wéi令lìng史shǐ,迁qiān郎láng,至zhì令lìng。性xìng淡dàn于yú荣róng利lì,而ér尤yóu耽dān意yì文wén章zhāng,自zì司sī马mǎ、王wáng、扬yáng、班bān、傅fù、张zhāng、蔡cài之zhī俦chóu遗yí文wén篇piān赋fù,及jí当dāng世shì美měi书shū善shàn论lùn,益yì部bù有yǒu者zhě,则zé钻zuān凿záo推tuī求qiú,略lüè皆jiē寓yù目mù。自zì在zài内nèi职zhí,与yǔ宦huàn人rén黄huáng皓hào比bǐ屋wū周zhōu旋xuán,经jīng三sān十shí年nián。皓hào从cóng微wēi至zhì贵guì,操cāo弄nòng威wēi权quán,正zhèng既jì不bù为wèi皓hào所suǒ爱ài,亦yì不bù为wèi皓hào所suǒ憎zēng,是shì以yǐ宫gōng不bù过guò六liù百bǎi石shí,而ér免miǎn于yú忧yōu患huàn。

依yī则zé先xiān儒rú,假jiǎ文wén见jiàn意yì,号hào曰yuē:《释shì讥jī》,其qí文wén继jì于yú崔cuī駰yīn《达dá旨zhǐ》。其qí辞cí曰yuē:“或huò有yǒu讥jī余yú者zhě曰yuē:‘闻wén之zhī前qián记jì,夫fū事shì与yǔ时shí并bìng,名míng与yǔ功gōng偕xié,然rán则zé名míng之zhī与yǔ事shì,前qián哲zhé之zhī急jí务wù也yě。是shì故gù创chuàng制zhì作zuò范fàn,匪fěi时shí不bù立lì,流liú称chēng垂chuí名míng,匪fěi功gōng不bù记jì,名míng必bì须xū功gōng而ér乃nǎi显xiǎn,事shì亦yì俟qí时shí以yǐ行xíng止zhǐ,身shēn没méi名míng灭miè,君jūn子zǐ所suǒ耻chǐ。是shì以yǐ达dá人rén研yán道dào,探tàn頣shěn索suǒ微wēi,观guān天tiān运yùn之zhī符fú表biǎo,考kǎo人rén事shì之zhī盛shèng衰shuāi,辩biàn者zhě驰chí说shuō,智zhì者zhě应yīng机jī,谋móu夫fū演yǎn略lüè,武wǔ士shì奋fèn威wēi,云yún合hé雾wù集jí,风fēng激jī电diàn飞fēi,量liàng时shí揆kuí宜yí,用yòng取qǔ世shì资zī,小xiǎo屈qū大dà申shēn,存cún公gōng忽hū私sī,虽suī尺chǐ枉wǎng而ér寻xún直zhí,终zhōng扬yáng光guāng以yǐ发fā辉huī也yě。今jīn三sān方fāng鼎dǐng跱zhì,九jiǔ有yǒu未wèi乂yì,悠yōu悠yōu四sì海hǎi,婴yīng丁dīng祸huò败bài,嗟jiē道dào义yì之zhī沉chén塞sāi,愍mǐn生shēng民mín之zhī颠diān沛pèi,此cǐ诚chéng圣shèng贤xián拯zhěng救jiù之zhī秋qiū,烈liè士shì树shù功gōng之zhī会huì也yě。吾wú子zǐ以yǐ高gāo朗lǎng之zhī才cái,珪guī璋zhāng之zhī质zhì,兼jiān览lǎn博bó窥kuī,留liú心xīn道dào术shù,无wú远yuǎn不bù致zhì,无wú幽yōu不bù悉xī;挺tǐng身shēn取qǔ命mìng,干gàn兹zī奥ào秘mì,踌chóu躇chú紫zǐ闼tà,喉hóu舌shé是shì执zhí,九jiǔ考kǎo不bù移yí,有yǒu入rù无wú出chū,究jiū古gǔ今jīn之zhī真zhēn伪wěi,计jì时shí务wù之zhī得dé失shī。虽suī时shí献xiàn一yī策cè,偶ǒu进jìn一yī言yán,释shì彼bǐ官guān责zé,慰wèi此cǐ素sù飱sūn,固gù未wèi能néng输shū竭jié忠zhōng款kuǎn,尽jǐn沥lì胸xiōng肝gān,排pái方fāng入rù直zhí,惠huì彼bǐ黎lí元yuán,俾bǐ吾wú徒tú草cǎo鄙bǐ并bìng有yǒu闻wén焉yān也yě。盍hé亦yì绥suí衡héng绥suí辔pèi,回huí轨guǐ易yì涂tú,舆yú安ān驾jià肆sì,思sī马mǎ斯sī徂cú,审shěn历lì揭jiē以yǐ投tóu济jì,要yào夷yí庚gēng之zhī赫hè怃wǔ,播bō秋qiū兰lán以yǐ芳fāng世shì,副fù吾wú徒tú之zhī彼bǐ图tú,不bù亦yì盛shèng与yǔ!’余yú闻wén而ér叹tàn曰yuē:‘呜wū呼hū,有yǒu若ruò云yún乎hū邪xié!夫fū人rén心xīn不bù同tóng,实shí若ruò其qí面miàn,子zi虽suī光guāng丽lì,既jì美měi且qiě艳yàn,管guǎn窥kuī筐kuāng举jǔ,守shǒu厥jué所suǒ见jiàn,未wèi可kě以yǐ言yán八bā纮hóng之zhī形xíng埒liè,信xìn万wàn事shì之zhī精jīng练liàn也yě。’或huò人rén率shuài尔ěr,仰yǎng而ér扬yáng衡héng曰yuē:‘是shì何hé言yán与yǔ!是shì何hé言yán与yǔ!’”

余yú应yīng之zhī曰yuē:“虞yú帝dì以yǐ面miàn从cóng为wèi戒jiè,孔kǒng圣shèng以yǐ悦yuè己jǐ为wèi尤yóu。若ruò子zi之zhī言yán,良liáng我wǒ所suǒ思sī,将jiāng为wèi吾wú子zǐ论lùn而ér释shì之zhī。昔xī在zài鸿hóng荒huāng,朦méng昧mèi肇zhào初chū,三sān皇huáng应yīng箓lù,五wǔ帝dì承chéng符fú,爰yuán暨jì夏xià、商shāng,前qián典diǎn攸yōu书shū。姬jī衰shuāi道dào缺quē,霸bà者zhě冀jì扶fú,嬴yíng氏shì惨cǎn虐nüè,吞tūn嚼jué八bā区qū,于yú是shì从cóng横héng云yún起qǐ,狙jū诈zhà如rú星xīng,奇qí衺xié蠭fēng动dòng,智zhì故gù萌méng生shēng;或huò饰shì真zhēn以yǐ仇chóu伪wěi,或huò挟xié邪xié以yǐ干gàn荣róng,或huò诡guǐ道dào以yǐ要yào上shàng,或huò鬻yù技jì以yǐ自zì矜jīn;背bèi正zhèng崇chóng邪xié,弃qì直zhí就jiù佞nìng,忠zhōng无wú定dìng分fēn,义yì无wú常cháng经jīng。故gù鞅yāng法fǎ穷qióng而ér慝tè作zuò,斯sī义yì败bài而ér奸jiān成chéng,吕lǚ门mén大dà而ér宗zōng灭miè,韩hán辩biàn立lì而ér身shēn刑xíng。夫fū何hé故gù哉zāi?利lì回huí其qí心xīn,宠chǒng耀yào其qí目mù,赫hè赫hè龙lóng章zhāng,铄shuò铄shuò车chē服fú。偷tōu幸xìng苟gǒu得dé,如rú反fǎn如rú仄zè,淫yín邪xié荒huāng迷mí,恣zì睢suī自zì极jí,和hé鸾luán未wèi调diào而ér身shēn在zài辕yuán侧cè,庭tíng宁níng未wèi践jiàn而ér栎lì折zhé榱cuī覆fù。天tiān收shōu其qí精jīng,地dì缩suō其qí泽zé,人rén吊diào其qí躬gōng,鬼guǐ芟shān其qí额é。初chū升shēng高gāo冈gāng,终zhōng陨yǔn幽yōu壑hè,朝cháo含hán荣róng润rùn,夕xī为wèi枯kū魄pò。是shì以yǐ贤xián人rén君jūn子zǐ,深shēn图tú远yuǎn虑lǜ,畏wèi彼bǐ咎jiù戾lì,超chāo然rán高gāo举jǔ,宁níng曳yè属shǔ于yú涂tú中zhōng,秽huì浊zhuó世shì之zhī休xiū誉yù。彼bǐ岂qǐ轻qīng主zhǔ慢màn民mín,而ér忽hū于yú时shí务wù哉zāi?盖gài《易yì》著zhù行xíng止zhǐ之zhī戒jiè,《诗shī》有yǒu靖jìng恭gōng之zhī叹tàn,乃nǎi神shén之zhī听tīng之zhī而ér道dào使shǐ之zhī然rán也yě。自zì我wǒ大dà汉hàn,应yìng天tiān顺shùn民mín,政zhèng治zhì之zhī隆lóng,皓hào若ruò阳yáng春chūn,俯fǔ宪xiàn坤kūn典diǎn,仰yǎng式shì乾qián文wén。播bō皇huáng泽zé以yǐ熙xī世shì,扬yáng茂mào化huà之zhī酢cù醇chún,君jūn臣chén覆fù度dù,各gè守shǒu厥jué真zhēn,上shàng垂chuí询xún纳nà之zhī弘hóng,下xià有yǒu匡kuāng救jiù之zhī责zé,士shì无wú虚xū华huá之zhī宠chǒng,民mín有yǒu一yī行xíng之zhī迹jì,粲càn乎hū亹wěi亹wěi,尚shàng此cǐ忠zhōng益yì。然rán而ér道dào有yǒu隆lóng窳yǔ,物wù有yǒu兴xīng废fèi,有yǒu声shēng有yǒu寂jì,有yǒu光guāng有yǒu翳yì。朱zhū阳yáng否fǒu于yú素sù秋qiū,玄xuán阴yīn抑yì于yú孟mèng春chūn,羲xī和hé逝shì而ér望wàng舒shū系xì,运yùn气qì匿nì而ér耀yào灵líng陈chén。冲chōng、质zhì不bù永yǒng,桓huán、灵líng坠zhuì败bài,英yīng雄xióng云yún布bù,豪háo杰jié盖gài世shì,家jiā挟xié殊shū议yì,人rén怀huái异yì计jì。故gù从cóng横héng者zhě欻chuā披pī其qí胸xiōng。狙jū诈zhà者zhě暂zàn吐tǔ其qí舌shé也yě。

今jīn天tiān纲gāng已yǐ缀zhuì,德dé树shù西xī邻lín,丕pī显xiǎn祖zǔ之zhī宏hóng规guī,縻mí好hǎo爵jué于yú士shì人rén,兴xīng五wǔ教jiào以yǐ训xùn俗sú,丰fēng九jiǔ德dé济jì民mín,肃sù明míng祀sì以yǐ礿yuè祭jì,几jǐ皇huáng道dào以yǐ辅fǔ真zhēn。虽suī跱zhì者zhě未wèi一yī,伪wěi者zhě未wèi分fēn,圣shèng人rén垂chuí戒jiè,盖gài均jūn无wú贫pín;故gù君jūn臣chén协xié美měi于yú朝cháo,黎lí庶shù欣xīn戴dài于yú野yě,动dòng若ruò重zhòng规guī,静jìng若ruò叠dié矩jǔ。济jì济jì伟wěi彦yàn,元yuán凯kǎi之zhī伦lún也yě,有yǒu过guò必bì知zhī,颜yán子zi之zhī仁rén也yě.侃kǎn侃kǎn庶shù政zhèng,冉rǎn、季jì之zhī治zhì也yě,鹰yīng扬yáng鸷zhì腾téng,伊yī、望wàng之zhī事shì也yě;总zǒng群qún俊jùn之zhī上shàng略lüè,含hán薛xuē氏shì之zhī三sān计jì,敷fū张zhāng、陈chén之zhī秘mì策cè,故gù力lì征zhēng以yǐ勤qín世shì,援yuán化huà英yīng而ér不bù遑huáng,岂qǐ暇xiá修xiū枯kū箨tuò于yú榛zhēn秽huì哉zāi!然rán吾wú不bù才cái,在zài朝cháo累lèi纪jì,托tuō身shēn所suǒ天tiān,心xīn焉yān是shì恃shì。乐lè沧cāng海hǎi之zhī广guǎng深shēn,叹tàn篙gāo岳yuè之zhī高gāo跱zhì,闻wén仲zhòng尼ní之zhī赞zàn商shāng,感gǎn乡xiāng校xiào之zhī益yì己jǐ,彼bǐ平píng仲zhòng之zhī和hé羹gēng,亦yì近jìn可kě而ér替tì否fǒu;故gù矇méng冒mào瞽gǔ说shuō,时shí有yǒu攸yōu献xiàn,譬pì遒qiú人rén之zhī有yǒu采cǎi于yú市shì闾lǘ,游yóu童tóng之zhī吟yín咏yǒng乎hū疆jiāng畔pàn,庶shù以yǐ增zēng广guǎng福fú祥xiáng,输shū力lì规guī谏jiàn。若ruò其qí合hé也yě,则zé以yǐ暗àn协xié明míng,进jìn应yīng灵líng符fú;如rú其qí违wéi也yě,自zì我wǒ常cháng分fēn,退tuì守shǒu己jǐ愚yú。进jìn退tuì任rèn数shù,不bù矫jiǎo不bù诬wū,循xún性xìng乐lè天tiān,夫fū何hé恨hèn诸zhū?此cǐ其qí所suǒ既jì入rù不bù出chū,有yǒu而ér若ruò无wú者zhě也yě。狭xiá屈qū氏shì之zhī常cháng醒xǐng,浊zhuó渔yú父fù之zhī必bì醉zuì,溷hùn柳liǔ季jì之zhī卑bēi等děng辱rǔ,编biān夷yí、叔shū之zhī高gāo怼duì。合hé不bù以yǐ得dé,违wéi以yǐ不bù失shī,得dé不bù克kè诎qū,失shī不bù惨cǎn悸jì。不bù乐lè前qián以yǐ顾gù轩xuān,不bù就jiù后hòu以yǐ虑lǜ轾zhì,不bù鬻yù誉yù以yǐ干gàn泽zé,不bù辞cí愆qiān以yǐ忌jì绌chù。何hé责zé之zhī释shì?何hé飱sūn之zhī恤xù?何hé方fāng之zhī排pái?何hé直zhí之zhī入rù?九jiǔ考kǎo不bù移yí,固gù其qí所suǒ执zhí也yě。方fāng今jīn朝zhāo士shì山shān积jī,髦máo俊jùn成chéng群qún,犹yóu鳞lín介jiè之zhī潜qián乎hū巨jù海hǎi,毛máo羽yǔ之zhī集jí乎hū邓dèng林lín,游yóu禽qín逝shì不bù为wèi之zhī鲜xiān,浮fú鲂fáng臻zhēn不bù为wèi之zhī殷yīn。且qiě阳yáng灵líng幽yōu于yú唐táng叶yè,阴yīn精jīng应yīng于yú商shāng时shí,阳yáng盱xū请qǐng而ér洪hóng灾zāi息xī,桑sāng林lín祷dǎo而ér甘gān泽zé滋zī。行xíng止zhǐ有yǒu道dào,启qǐ塞sāi有yǒu期qī。我wǒ师shī遗yí训xùn,不bù怨yuàn不bù尤yóu,委wěi命mìng恭gōng己jǐ,我wǒ又yòu何hé辞cí?辞cí穷qióng路lù单dān,将jiāng反fǎn初chū节jié,综zōng坟fén典diǎn之zhī流liú劳láo,寻xún孔kǒng氏shì之zhī遗yí艺yì,缀zhuì微wēi辞cí以yǐ存cún道dào,尽jǐn先xiān轨guǐ而ér投tóu制zhì,题tí叔shū肸xī之zhī优yōu游yóu,美měi疏shū氏shì之zhī遐xiá逝shì,收shōu止zhǐ足zú以yǐ言yán归guī,泛fàn皓hào然rán以yǐ容róng裔yì,欣xīn环huán堵dǔ以yǐ恬tián娱yú,免miǎn咎jiù悔huǐ于yú斯sī世shì,顾gù兹zī心xīn之zhī未wèi泰tài,惧jù末mò涂tú之zhī泥ní滞zhì,仍réng求qiú激jī而ér增zēng愤fèn,肆sì中zhōng怀huái以yǐ告gào誓shì。昔xī九jiǔ方fāng考kǎo精jīng于yú至zhì贵guì,秦qín牙yá沈shěn思sī于yú殊shū形xíng;薛xuē烛zhú察chá宝bǎo以yǐ飞fēi誉yù,瓠hù梁liáng托tuō弦xián以yǐ流liú声shēng;齐qí隶lì拊fǔ髀bì以yǐ济jì文wén,楚chǔ客kè潜qián寇kòu以yǐ保bǎo荆jīng:雍yōng门mén援yuán琴qín而ér挟xié说shuō,韩hán哀āi秉bǐng辔pèi而ér驰chí名míng;卢lú敖áo翱áo翔xiáng乎hū玄xuán阙quē,若ruò士shì竦sǒng身shēn于yú云yún清qīng。余yú实shí不bù能néng齐qí技jì于yú数shù子zi,故gù乃nǎi静jìng然rán守shǒu己jǐ而ér自zì宁níng。”

景jǐng耀yào六liù年nián,后hòu主zhǔ从cóng谯qiáo周zhōu之zhī计jì,遣qiǎn使shǐ请qǐng降xiáng于yú邓dèng艾ài。其qí书shū,正zhèng所suǒ造zào也yě。明míng年nián正zhēng月yuè,钟zhōng会huì作zuò乱luàn成chéng都dū,后hòu主zhǔ东dōng迁qiān洛luò阳yáng,时shí扰rǎo攘rǎng仓cāng卒cù。蜀shǔ之zhī大dà臣chén无wú冀jì从cóng者zhě,惟wéi正zhèng及jí殿diàn中zhōng督dū汝rǔ南nán张zhāng通tōng,舍shě妻qī子zǐ单dān身shēn随suí侍shì。后hòu主zhǔ赖lài正zhèng相xiāng导dǎo宜yí适shì,举jǔ动dòng无wú阙quē,乃nǎi慨kǎi然rán叹tàn息xī,恨hèn知zhī正zhèng之zhī晚wǎn,时shí论lùn嘉jiā之zhī。赐cì爵jué关guān内nèi候hòu。泰tài始shǐ中zhōng,除chú安ān阳yáng令lìng,迁qiān巴bā西xī太tài守shǒu。泰tài始shǐ八bā年nián诏zhào曰yuē:“正zhèng昔xī在zài成chéng都dū,颠diān沛pèi守shǒu义yì,不bù违wéi忠zhōng节jié,及jí见jiàn受shòu用yòng,尽jìn心xīn干gàn事shì,有yǒu治zhì理lǐ之zhī绩jì,其qí以yǐ正zhèng为wèi巴bā西xī太tài守shǒu。”咸xián宁níng四sì年nián卒zú。凡fán所suǒ著zhù述shù诗shī论lùn赋fù之zhī属shǔ,垂chuí百bǎi篇piān。

评píng曰yuē:“杜dù微wēi修xiū身shēn隐yǐn静jìng,不bù役yì当dāng世shì,庶shù凡fán夷yí、皓hào之zhī概gài。周zhōu群qún占zhàn天tiān有yǒu征zhēng,杜dù琼qióng沉chén默mò慎shèn密mì,诸zhū生shēng之zhī纯chún也yě。许xǔ、孟mèng、来lái、李lǐ,博bó涉shè多duō闻wén,尹yǐn默mò精jīng于yú《左zuǒ氏shì》,虽suī不bù以yǐ德dé业yè为wèi称chēng,信xìn皆jiē一yī时shí学xué士shì。谯qiáo周zhōu词cí理lǐ渊yuān通tōng,为wèi世shì硕shuò儒rú,有yǒu董dǒng、扬yáng之zhī规guī,郤xì正zhèng文wén辞cí灿càn烂làn,有yǒu张zhāng、蔡cài之zhī风fēng,加jiā其qí行xíng止zhǐ,君jūn子zǐ有yǒu取qǔ焉yān。二èr子zi处chù晋jìn事shì少shǎo,有yǒu蜀shǔ事shì多duō,故gù著zhù于yú篇piān。

蜀shǔ书shū十shí三sān 黄huáng李lǐ吕lǚ马mǎ王wáng张zhāng传chuán第dì十shí三sān

黄huáng权quán,字zì公gōng衡héng,巴bā西xī阆láng中zhōng人rén也yě。少shǎo为wèi郡jùn吏lì,州zhōu牧mù刘liú璋zhāng召zhào为wéi主zhǔ簿bù。时shí别bié驾jià张zhāng松sōng建jiàn议yì,宜yí迎yíng先xiān主zhǔ,使shǐ伐fá张zhāng鲁lǔ。权quán谏jiàn曰yuē:“左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn有yǒu骁xiāo名míng,今jīn请qǐng到dào,欲yù以yǐ部bù曲qū遇yù之zhī,则zé不bù满mǎn其qí心xīn,欲yù以yǐ宾bīn客kè礼lǐ待dài,则zé一yī国guó不bù容róng二èr君jūn。若ruò容róng有yǒu泰tài山shān之zhī安ān,则zé主zhǔ有yǒu累lěi卵luǎn之zhī危wēi。可kě但dàn闭bì境jìng,以yǐ待dài河hé清qīng。”璋zhāng不bù听tīng,竟jìng遣qiǎn使shǐ迎yíng先xiān生shēng,出chū权quán为wèi广guǎng汉hàn长zhǎng,及jí先xiān主zhǔ袭xí取qǔ益yì州zhōu,将jiàng帅shuài分fēn下xià郡jùn县xiàn。郡jùn县xiàn风fēng景jǐng附fù,权quán闭bì城chéng坚jiān守shǒu,须xū刘liú璋zhāng稽jī服fú,乃nǎi诣yì降jiàng先xiān主zhǔ。先xiān主zhǔ假jiǎ权quán偏piān将jiāng军jūn。及jí曹cáo公gōng破pò张zhāng鲁lǔ,鲁lǔ走zǒu入rù巴bā中zhōng,权quán进jìn曰yuē:“若ruò失shī汉hàn中zhōng,则zé三sān巴bā不bù振zhèn,此cǐ为wèi割gē蜀shǔ之zhī股gǔ臂bì也yě。”于yú是shì先xiān主zhǔ以yǐ权quán为wèi护hù军jūn,率lǜ诸zhū将jiāng迎yíng鲁lǔ,鲁lǔ已yǐ还hái南nán郑zhèng,北běi降jiàng曹cáo公gōng。然rán卒zú破pò杜dù濩huò、朴pǔ胡hú,杀shā夏xià候hòu渊yuān,据jù汉hàn中zhōng,皆jiē权quán本běn谋móu也yě。

先xiān主zhǔ为wèi汉hàn中zhōng王wáng,犹yóu领lǐng益yì州zhōu牧mù,以yǐ权quán为wèi治zhì中zhōng从cóng事shì,及jí称chēng尊zūn号hào,将jiāng东dōng伐fá吴wú,权quán谏jiàn曰yuē:“吴wú人rén悍hàn战zhàn,又yòu水shuǐ军jūn顺shùn流liú,进jìn易yì退tuì难nán,臣chén请qǐng为wèi先xiān驱qū以yǐ当dāng寇kòu,陛bì下xià宜yí为wèi后hòu镇zhèn。”先xiān主zhǔ不bù从cóng,以yǐ权quán为wèi镇zhèn北běi将jiāng军jūn,督dū江jiāng北běi军jūn以yǐ防fáng魏wèi师shī。先xiān主zhǔ自zì在zài江jiāng南nán。及jí吴wú将jiāng军jūn陆lù议yì乘chéng流liú断duàn围wéi,南nán军jūn败bài绩jì,先xiān主zhǔ引yǐn退tuì。而ér道dào隔gé绝jué,权quán不bù得dé还hái,故gù率lǜ将jiāng所suǒ领lǐng降jiàng于yú魏wèi。有yǒu司sī执zhí法fǎ,白bái收shōu权quán妻qī子zǐ。先xiān主zhǔ曰yuē:“孤gū负fù黄huáng权quán,权quán不bù负fù孤gū也yě。”待dài之zhī如rú初chū。魏wèi文wén帝dì谓wèi权quán曰yuē:“君jūn舍shě逆nì效xiào顺shùn,欲yù追zhuī从cóng陈chén、韩hán邪xié?”权quán对duì曰yuē:“臣chén过guò受shòu刘liú主zhǔ殊shū遇yù,降jiàng吴wú不bù可kě。还hái蜀shǔ无wú路lù,是shì以yǐ归guī命mìng。且qiě败bài军jūn之zhī将jiàng,免miǎn死sǐ为wèi幸xìng,何hé古gǔ人rén之zhī可kě慕mù也yě!”文wén帝dì善shàn之zhī,拜bài为wèi镇zhèn南nán将jiāng军jūn,封fēng育yù阳yáng候hòu,加jiā侍shì中zhōng,使shǐ之zhī陪péi乘chéng。蜀shǔ降jiàng人rén或huò云yún诛zhū权quán妻qī子zǐ,权quán知zhī其qí虚xū言yán,未wèi便biàn发fā丧sāng,后hòu得dé审shěn问wèn,果guǒ如rú所suǒ言yán。及jí先xiān主zhǔ薨hōng问wèn至zhì,魏wèi群qún臣chén咸xián贺hè而ér权quán独dú否fǒu。文wén帝dì察chá权quán有yǒu局jú量liàng,欲yù试shì惊jīng之zhī,遣qiǎn左zuǒ右yòu诏zhào权quán,末mò至zhì之zhī间jiān,累lèi催cuī相xiāng属shǔ,马mǎ使shǐ奔bēn驰chí,交jiāo错cuò于yú道dào,官guān属shǔ侍shì从cóng莫mò碎suì魄pò,而ér权quán举jǔ止zhǐ颜yán色sè自zì若ruò。

后hòu领lǐng益yì州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,徙xǐ占zhàn河hé南nán。大dà将jiāng军jūn司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng深shēn器qì之zhī,问wèn权quán曰yuē:“蜀shǔ中zhōng有yǒu卿qīng辈bèi几jǐ人rén?”权quán笑xiào而ér答dá曰yuē:“不bù图tú明míng公gōng见jiàn顾gù之zhī重zhòng也yě!”宣xuān王wáng与yǔ诸zhū葛gě亮liàng书shū曰yuē:“黄huáng公gōng衡héng,快kuài士shì也yě,每měi坐zuò起qǐ叹tàn述shù足zú下xià,不bù去qù口kǒu实shí。”景jǐng初chū三sān年nián,蜀shǔ延yán熙xī二èr年nián,权quán迁qiān车chē骑qí将jiāng军jūn、仪yí同tóng三sān司sī。明míng年nián卒zú,谥shì曰yuē景jǐng候hòu。子zi邕yōng嗣sì、邕yōng无wú子zi,绝jué。权quán留liú蜀shǔ子zi祟suì,为wèi尚shàng书shū郎láng,随suí卫wèi将jiāng军jūn诸zhū葛gě瞻zhān拒jù邓dèng艾ài。到dào涪fú县xiàn,瞻zhān盘pán桓huán未wèi近jìn,祟suì屡lǚ劝quàn瞻zhān宜yí速sù行xíng据jù险xiǎn,无wú令lìng敌dí得dé入rù平píng地dì。瞻zhān犹yóu与yǔ未wèi纳nà,祟suì至zhì于yú流liú涕tì。会huì艾ài长cháng驱qū而ér前qián,瞻zhān却què战zhàn绵mián竹zhú,祟suì帅shuài厉lì军jūn士shì,期qī于yú必bì死sǐ,临lín阵zhèn见jiàn杀shā。

❖
🔊 本页支持朗读:点屏幕底部控制条即可听书(Chrome / Edge / Safari 支持)。 若未出现控制条,说明当前浏览器不支持语音朗读。
相关推荐