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圣shèng朝cháo宽kuān仁rén覆fù载zài,允yǔn信xìn允yǔn文wén,大dà启qǐ爵jué命mìng,以yǐ示shì四sì方fāng。鲁lǔ及jí胡hú、濩huò,皆jiē享xiǎng万wàn户hù之zhī封fēng。鲁lǔ之zhī五wǔ子zi,各gè受shòu千qiān室shì之zhī邑yì。胡hú、濩huò子zǐ弟dì部bù曲qū将jiàng校xiào,为wèi列liè侯hóu将jiāng军jūn已yǐ下xià,千qiān有yǒu余yú人rén。百bǎi姓xìng安ān堵dǔ,四sì民mín反fǎn业yè。而ér建jiàn、约yuē之zhī属shǔ,皆jiē为wèi鲸jīng、鲵ní,超chāo之zhī妻qī孥nú,焚fén首shǒu金jīn城chéng,父fù母mǔ婴yīng孩hái,覆fù尸shī许xǔ市shì。非fēi国guó家jiā钟zhōng祸huò于yú彼bǐ、降jiàng福fú于yú此cǐ也yě,逆nì顺shùn之zhī分fēn,不bù得dé不bù然rán!以yǐ上shàng顺shùn逆nì之zhī分fēn

夫fū鸷zhì鸟niǎo之zhī击jī先xiān高gāo,攫jué鸷zhì之zhī势shì也yě;牧mù野yě之zhī威wēi,孟mèng津jīn之zhī退tuì也yě。今jīn者zhě枳zhǐ棘jí剪jiǎn侦zhēn,戎róng夏xià以yǐ清qīng,万wàn里lǐ肃sù齐qí,六liù师shī无wú事shì。故gù大dà举jǔ天tiān师shī百bǎi万wàn之zhī众zhòng,与yǔ匈xiōng奴nú南nán单chán于yú呼hū完wán厨chú,及jí六liù郡jùn、乌wū桓huán、丁dīng令lìng、屠tú各gè、湟huáng中zhōng羌qiāng、僰bó,霆tíng奋fèn席xí卷juǎn,自zì寿shòu春chūn而ér南nán;又yòu使shǐ征zhēng西xī将jiāng军jūn夏xià侯hóu渊yuān等děng,率lǜ精jīng甲jiǎ五wǔ万wàn,及jí武wǔ都dōu氐dī、羌qiāng,巴bā汉hàn锐ruì卒zú,南nán临lín汶wèn江jiāng,槛kǎn据jù庸yōng、蜀shǔ;江jiāng夏xià、襄xiāng阳yáng诸zhū军jūn,横héng截jié湘xiāng、沅yuán,以yǐ临lín豫yù章zhāng。楼lóu船chuán横héng海hǎi之zhī师shī,直zhí指zhǐ吴wú会huì,万wàn里lǐ克kè期qī,五wǔ道dào并bìng入rù。权quán之zhī期qī命mìng,于yú是shì至zhì矣yǐ!以yǐ上shàng陈chén五wǔ道dào伐fá吴wú之zhī盛shèng

丞chéng相xiàng衔xián奉fèng国guó威wēi,为wéi人rén除chú害hài,元yuán恶è大dà憝duì必bì当dāng枭xiāo夷yí;至zhì于yú枝zhī附fù叶yè从cóng,皆jiē非fēi诏zhào书shū所suǒ特tè禽qín疾jí。故gù每měi破pò灭miè强qiáng敌dí,未wèi尝cháng不bù务wù在zài先xiān降jiàng后hòu诛zhū。拔bá将jiāng取qǔ才cái,各gè尽jǐn其qí用yòng,是shì以yǐ立lì功gōng之zhī士shì,莫mò不bù翘qiáo足zú引yǐn领lǐng,望wàng风fēng响xiǎng应yīng。昔xī袁yuán术shù僭jiàn逆nì,王wáng诛zhū将jiāng加jiā,则zé庐lú江jiāng太tài守shǒu刘liú勋xūn,先xiān举jǔ其qí郡jùn,还hái归guī国guó家jiā;吕lǚ布bù作zuò乱luàn,师shī临lín下xià邳pī,张zhāng辽liáo、侯hóu成chéng,率lǜ众zhòng出chū降jiàng;还hái讨tǎo眭suī固gù,薛xuē洪hóng、樛jiū尚shàng,开kāi城chéng就jiù化huà;官guān渡dù之zhī役yì,则zé张zhāng邰tái、高gāo奂huàn,举jǔ事shì立lì功gōng;后hòu讨tǎo袁yuán尚shàng,则zé都dū督dū将jiāng军jūn马mǎ延yán、故gù豫yù州zhōu刺cì史shǐ阴yīn夔kuí、射shè声shēng校xiào尉wèi郭guō昭zhāo,临lín阵zhèn来lái降jiàng;围wéi守shǒu邺yè城chéng,则zé将jiāng军jūn苏sū游yóu反fǎn为wèi内nèi应yìng,审shěn配pèi兄xiōng子zi开kāi门mén入rù兵bīng;既jì诛zhū袁yuán谭tán,则zé幽yōu州zhōu大dà将jiàng焦jiāo触chù攻gōng逐zhú袁yuán熙xī,举jǔ县xiàn来lái服fú。凡fán此cǐ之zhī辈bèi数shù百bǎi人rén,皆jiē忠zhōng壮zhuàng果guǒ烈liè,有yǒu智zhì有yǒu仁rén,悉xī与yǔ丞chéng相xiàng参cān图tú画huà策cè,折zhé冲chōng讨tǎo难nán,芟shān敌dí搴qiān旗qí,静jìng安ān海hǎi内nèi,岂qǐ轻qīng举jǔ措cuò也yě哉zāi?以yǐ上shàng历lì数shù拔bá用yòng降jiàng将jiāng

诚chéng乃nǎi天tiān启qǐ其qí心xīn,计jì深shēn虑lǜ远yuǎn,审shěn邪xié正zhèng之zhī津jīn,明míng可kě否fǒu之zhī分fēn,勇yǒng不bù虚xū死sǐ,节jié不bù苟gǒu立lì,屈qū伸shēn变biàn化huà,唯wéi道dào所suǒ存cún。故gù乃nǎi建jiàn丘qiū山shān之zhī功gōng,享xiǎng不bù訾zī之zhī禄lù,朝cháo为wèi仇chóu虏lǔ,夕xī为wèi上shàng将jiàng,所suǒ谓wèi临lín难nàn知zhī变biàn、转zhuǎn祸huò为wéi福fú者zhě也yě。若ruò夫fú说shuō诱yòu甘gān言yán,怀huái宝bǎo小xiǎo惠huì,泥ní滞zhì苟gǒu且qiě,没méi而ér不bù觉jué,随suí波bō漂piāo流liú,与yǔ熛biāo俱jù灭miè者zhě,亦yì甚shèn众zhòng多duō。吉jí凶xiōng得dé失shī,岂qǐ不bù哀āi哉zāi?以yǐ上shàng泛fàn论lùn吉jí凶xiōng祸huò福fú

昔xī岁suì军jūn在zài汉hàn中zhōng,东dōng西xī悬xuán隔gé,合hé肥féi遗yí守shǒu,不bù满mǎn五wǔ千qiān,权quán亲qīn以yǐ数shù万wàn之zhī众zhòng,破pò败bài奔bēn走zǒu;今jīn乃nǎi欲yù当dāng御yù雷léi霆tíng,难nán以yǐ冀jì矣yǐ!夫fū天tiān道dào助zhù顺shùn,人rén道dào助zhù信xìn,事shì上shàng之zhī谓wèi义yì,亲qīn亲qīn之zhī谓wèi仁rén。盛shèng孝xiào章zhāng,君jūn也yě,而ér权quán诛zhū之zhī;孙sūn辅fǔ,兄xiōng也yě,而ér权quán杀shā之zhī。贼zéi义yì残cán仁rén,莫mò斯sī为wèi甚shèn!乃nǎi神shén灵líng之zhī逋bū罪zuì,下xià民mín所suǒ同tóng仇chóu,辜gū仇chóu之zhī人rén,谓wèi之zhī凶xiōng贼zéi。是shì故gù伊yī挚zhì去qù夏xià,不bù为wèi伤shāng德dé;飞fēi廉lián死sǐ纣zhòu,不bù可kě谓wèi贤xián。何hé者zhě?去qù就jiù之zhī道dào,各gè有yǒu宜yí也yě。丞chéng相xiàng深shēn惟wéi江jiāng东dōng旧jiù德dé名míng臣chén,多duō在zài载zài籍jí:近jìn魏wèi叔shū英yīng,秀xiù出chū高gāo峙zhì,著zhù名míng海hǎi内nèi;虞yú文wén绣xiù砥dǐ砺lì清qīng节jié,耽dān学xué好hǎo古gǔ;周zhōu泰tài明míng当dāng世shì隽juàn彦yàn,德dé行xíng修xiū明míng。皆jiē宜yí膺yīng受shòu多duō福fú,保bǎo乂yì子zǐ孙sūn;而ér周zhōu盛shèng门mén户hù,无wú辜gū被bèi戮lù,遗yí类lèi流liú离lí,湮yān没mò林lín莽mǎng,言yán之zhī可kě为wèi怆chuàng然rán!闻wén魏wèi周zhōu荣róng、虞yú仲zhòng翔xiáng,各gè绍shào堂táng构gòu,能néng负fù析xī薪xīn;及jí吴wú诸zhū顾gù、陆lù旧jiù族zú长zhǎng者zhě,世shì有yǒu高gāo位wèi,当dāng报bào汉hàn德dé,显xiǎn祖zǔ扬yáng名míng;及jí诸zhū将jiàng校xiào、孙sūn权quán婚hūn亲qīn,皆jiē我wǒ国guó家jiā良liáng宝bǎo利lì器qì,而ér并bìng见jiàn驱qū迮zé!雨yǔ绝jué于yú天tiān,有yǒu斧fǔ无wú柯kē,何hé以yǐ自zì济jì?相xiāng随suí颠diān没méi,不bù亦yì哀āi乎hū?以yǐ上shàng历lì举jǔ江jiāng东dōng旧jiù德dé名míng臣chén

盖gài凤fèng鸣míng高gāo冈gāng,以yǐ远yuǎn蔚wèi罗luó,贤xián圣shèng之zhī德dé也yě;之zhī鸟niǎo,巢cháo于yú苇wěi苕sháo,苕sháo折zhé子zi破pò,下xià愚yú之zhī惑huò也yě。今jīn江jiāng东dōng之zhī地dì,无wú异yì苇wěi苕sháo,诸zhū贤xián处chù之zhī,信xìn亦yì危wēi矣yǐ!圣shèng朝cháo开kāi弘hóng旷kuàng荡dàng,重zhòng惜xī民mín命mìng,诛zhū在zài一yī人rén,与yǔ众zhòng无wú忌jì。故gù设shè非fēi常cháng之zhī赏shǎng,以yǐ待dài非fēi常cháng之zhī功gōng,乃nǎi霸bà夫fū烈liè士shì奋fèn命mìng之zhī良liáng时shí也yě,可kě不bù勉miǎn乎hū?若ruò能néng翻fān然rán大dà举jǔ,建jiàn立lì元yuán勋xūn,以yǐ应yīng显xiǎn禄lù,福fú之zhī上shàng也yě;如rú其qí未wèi能néng,算suàn量liàng大dà小xiǎo,以yǐ存cún易yì亡wáng,亦yì其qí次cì也yě。夫fū系xì蹄tí在zài足zú,则zé猛měng虎hǔ绝jué其qí蹯fán;蝮fù蛇shé在zài手shǒu,则zé壮zhuàng志zhì断duàn其qí节jié。何hé则zé?以yǐ其qí所suǒ全quán者zhě重zhòng,以yǐ其qí所suǒ弃qì者zhě轻qīng。若ruò乃nǎi乐lè祸huò怀huái宁níng,迷mí而ér忘wàng复fù,暗àn《大dà雅yǎ》之zhī所suǒ保bǎo,背bèi先xiān贤xián之zhī去qù就jiù,忽hū朝zhāo阳yáng之zhī安ān,甘gān折zhé苕sháo之zhī末mò,日rì忘wàng一yī日rì,以yǐ致zhì覆fù没mò,大dà兵bīng一yī放fàng,玉yù石shí俱jù碎suì,虽suī欲yù救jiù之zhī,亦yì无wú及jí已yǐ!故gù令lìng往wǎng购gòu募mù爵jué赏shǎng科kē条tiáo如rú左zuǒ。檄xí到dào,详xiáng思sī至zhì言yán,如rú诏zhào律lǜ令lìng。

魏wèi明míng帝dì/赐cì彭péng城chéng王wáng据jù玺xǐ书shū

制zhì诏zhào彭péng城chéng王wáng:有yǒu司sī奏zòu王wáng遣qiǎn司sī马mǎ董dǒng和hé,赍jī珠zhū玉yù来lái到dào京jīng师shī中zhōng尚shàng方fāng,多duō作zuò禁jìn物wù,交jiāo通tōng工gōng官guān,出chū入rù近jìn署shǔ,逾yú侈chǐ非fēi度dù,慢màn令lìng违wéi制zhì。绳shéng王wáng以yǐ法fǎ,朕zhèn用yòng怃wǔ然rán,不bù宁níng于yú心xīn。王wáng以yǐ懿yì亲qīn之zhī重zhòng,处chù藩fān辅fǔ之zhī位wèi,典diǎn籍jí日rì陈chén于yú前qián,勤qín诵sòng不bù辍chuò于yú侧cè,加jiā雅yǎ素sù奉fèng修xiū,恭gōng肃sù敬jìng慎shèn,务wù在zài蹈dǎo道dào,孜zī孜zī不bù衰shuāi,岂qǐ忘wàng率lǜ意yì正zhèng身shēn、考kǎo终zhōng厥jué行xíng哉zāi?若ruò然rán小xiǎo疵cī,或huò谬miù于yú细xì人rén,忽hū不bù觉jué悟wù,以yǐ斯sī为wèi失shī耳ěr。《书shū》云yún:“惟wéi圣shèng罔wǎng念niàn作zuò狂kuáng,惟wéi狂kuáng克kè念niàn作zuò圣shèng。”古gǔ人rén垂chuí诰gào,乃nǎi至zhì于yú此cǐ,故gù君jūn子zǐ思sī心xīn,无wú斯sī须xū远yuǎn道dào焉yān。尝cháng虑lǜ所suǒ以yǐ累lèi德dé者zhě而ér去qù之zhī,则zé德dé明míng矣yǐ;开kāi心xīn,所suǒ以yǐ为wéi塞sāi者zhě而ér通tōng之zhī,则zé心xīn夷yí矣yǐ;慎shèn行xíng,所suǒ以yǐ为wéi尤yóu者zhě而ér修xiū之zhī,则zé行xíng全quán矣yǐ。三sān者zhě,王wáng之zhī所suǒ能néng备bèi也yě。今jīn诏zhào有yǒu司sī宥yòu王wáng,削xuē县xiàn二èr千qiān户hù,以yǐ彰zhāng八bā柄bǐng与yǔ夺duó之zhī法fǎ。昔xī羲xī、文wén作zuò《易yì》,著zhù“休xiū复fù”之zhī诰gào;仲zhòng尼ní论lùn行xíng,既jì过guò能néng改gǎi。王wáng其qí改gǎi行háng,茂mào昭zhāo斯sī义yì,率lǜ意yì无wú怠dài!

曹cáo植zhí/下xià国guó中zhōng令lìng 黄huáng初chū六liù年nián

身shēn轻qīng于yú鸿hóng毛máo,而ér谤bàng重zhòng于yú泰tài山shān。赖lài蒙méng帝dì王wáng天tiān地dì之zhī仁rén,违wéi百bǎi司sī之zhī典diǎn议yì,舍shě三sān千qiān之zhī首shǒu戾lì,反fǎn我wǒ旧jiù居jū,袭xí我wǒ初chū服fú,云yún雨yǔ之zhī施shī,焉yān有yǒu量liàng哉zāi!孤gū以yǐ何hé功gōng而ér纳nà斯sī贶kuàng?富fù而ér不bù吝lìn、宠chǒng至zhì不bù骄jiāo者zhě,则zé周zhōu公gōng其qí人rén也yě;孤gū,小xiǎo人rén尔ěr,身shēn更gèng以yǐ荣róng为wèi戚qī。何hé者zhě?将jiāng恐kǒng简jiǎn易yì之zhī尤yóu,出chū于yú细xì微wēi,脱tuō尔ěr之zhī愆qiān,一yī朝zhāo复fù露lù也yě。故gù欲yù修xiū吾wú往wǎng业yè,守shǒu吾wú初chū志zhì,欲yù使shǐ皇huáng帝dì恩ēn在zài摩mó天tiān,使shǐ孤gū心xīn常cháng存cún此cǐ地dì,将jiāng以yǐ全quán陛bì下xià厚hòu德dé,究jiū孤gū犬quǎn马mǎ之zhī年nián。此cǐ难nán能néng也yě,然rán固gù欲yù行xíng众zhòng之zhī难nán。《诗shī》曰yuē:“德dé如rú毛máo,鲜xiān克kè举jǔ之zhī。”此cǐ之zhī谓wèi也yě。

钟zhōng会huì/檄xí蜀shǔ文wén

往wǎng者zhě汉hàn祚zuò衰shuāi微wēi,率lǜ土tǔ分fēn崩bēng,生shēng民mín之zhī命mìng,几jǐ于yú泯mǐn灭miè。我wǒ太tài祖zǔ武wǔ皇huáng帝dì,神shén武wǔ圣shèng哲zhé,拨bō乱luàn反fǎn正zhèng,拯zhěng其qí将jiāng坠zhuì,造zào我wǒ区qū夏xià;高gāo祖zǔ文wén皇huáng帝dì,应yìng天tiān顺shùn民mín,受shòu命mìng践jiàn祚zuò;烈liè祖zǔ明míng皇huáng帝dì,奕yì世shì重chóng光guāng,恢huī拓tuò洪hóng业yè。然rán江jiāng山shān之zhī外wài,异yì政zhèng殊shū俗sú,率lǜ土tǔ齐qí民mín,未wèi蒙méng王wáng化huà,此cǐ三sān祖zǔ所suǒ以yǐ顾gù怀huái遗yí志zhì也yě!今jīn主zhǔ上shàng圣shèng德dé钦qīn明míng,绍shào隆lóng前qián绪xù;宰zǎi辅fǔ忠zhōng肃sù明míng允yǔn,劬qú劳láo王wáng室shì。布bù政zhèng垂chuí惠huì,而ér万wàn邦bāng协xié和hé;施shī德dé百bǎi蛮mán,而ér肃sù慎shèn致zhì贡gòng。悼dào彼bǐ巴bā蜀shǔ,独dú为wèi匪fěi民mín,愍mǐn此cǐ百bǎi姓xìng,劳láo役yì未wèi已yǐ。是shì以yǐ命mìng授shòu六liù师shī,龚gōng行xíng天tiān罚fá,征zhēng西xī、雍yōng州zhōu、镇zhèn西xī诸zhū军jūn,五wǔ道dào并bìng进jìn。古gǔ之zhī行xíng军jūn,以yǐ仁rén为wèi本běn,以yǐ义yì治zhì之zhī。王wáng者zhě之zhī师shī,有yǒu征zhēng无wú战zhàn。故gù虞yú舜shùn舞wǔ干gàn戚qī,而ér服fú有yǒu苗miáo,周zhōu武wǔ有yǒu散sàn财cái发fā廪lǐn表biǎo闾lǘ之zhī义yì。今jīn镇zhèn西xī奉fèng辞cí衔xián命mìng,摄shè统tǒng戎róng车chē,庶shù弘hóng文wén告gào之zhī训xùn,以yǐ济jì元yuán元yuán之zhī命mìng。非fēi欲yù穷qióng武wǔ极jí战zhàn,以yǐ快kuài一yī朝zhāo之zhī志zhì。故gù略lüè陈chén安ān危wēi之zhī要yào,其qí敬jìng听tīng话huà言yán!

益yì州zhōu先xiān主zhǔ,以yǐ命mìng世shì英yīng才cái,兴xīng兵bīng新xīn野yě,困kùn踬zhì冀jì、徐xú之zhī郊jiāo,制zhì命mìng绍shào、布bù之zhī手shǒu。太tài祖zǔ拯zhěng而ér济jì之zhī,兴xīng隆lóng大dà好hǎo。中zhōng更gèng背bèi违wéi,弃qì同tóng即jí异yì。诸zhū葛gě孔kǒng明míng仍réng规guī秦qín川chuān,姜jiāng伯bó约yuē屡lǚ出chū陇lǒng右yòu,劳láo动dòng我wǒ边biān境jìng,侵qīn扰rǎo我wǒ氐dī羌qiāng。方fāng国guó家jiā多duō故gù,未wèi遑huáng修xiū九jiǔ伐fá之zhī征zhēng也yě。今jīn边biān境jìng乂yì清qīng,方fāng内nèi无wú事shì,蓄xù力lì待dài时shí,并bìng兵bīng一yí向xiàng。而ér巴bā蜀shǔ一yī州zhōu之zhī众zhòng,分fēn张zhāng守shǒu备bèi,难nán以yǐ御yù天tiān下xià之zhī师shī!段duàn谷gǔ侯hóu和hé沮jǔ伤shāng之zhī气qì,难nán以yǐ敌dí堂táng堂táng之zhī阵zhèn。比bǐ年nián以yǐ来lái,曾céng无wú宁nìng岁suì,征zhēng夫fū勤qín瘁cuì,难nán以yǐ当dāng子zǐ来lái之zhī民mín。此cǐ皆jiē诸zhū贤xián所suǒ共gòng亲qīn见jiàn。蜀shǔ侯hóu见jiàn禽qín于yú秦qín,公gōng孙sūn述shù授shòu首shǒu于yú汉hàn,九jiǔ州zhōu之zhī险xiǎn,是shì非fēi一yī姓xìng。此cǐ皆jiē诸zhū君jūn所suǒ备bèi闻wén也yě。明míng者zhě见jiàn危wēi于yú无wú形xíng,智zhì者zhě规guī福fú于yú未wèi萌méng。是shì以yǐ微wēi子zi去qù商shāng,长zhǎng为wèi周zhōu宾bīn;陈chén平píng背bèi项xiàng,立lì功gōng于yú汉hàn。岂qǐ宴yàn安ān鸩zhèn毒dú、怀huái禄lù而ér不bù变biàn哉zāi?

今jīn国guó朝cháo隆lóng天tiān覆fù之zhī恩ēn,宰zǎi辅fǔ弘hóng宽kuān恕shù之zhī德dé,先xiān惠huì后hòu诛zhū,好hǎo生shēng恶è杀shā。往wǎng者zhě吴wú将jiāng孙sūn壹yī举jǔ众zhòng内nèi附fù,位wèi为wèi上shàng司sī,宠chǒng秩zhì殊shū异yì;文wén钦qīn、唐táng咨zī,为wèi国guó大dà害hài,叛pàn主zhǔ雠chóu贼zéi,还hái为wèi戎róng首shǒu,咨zī困kùn逼bī禽qín获huò,钦qīn二èr子zi还hái降jiàng,皆jiē将jiāng军jūn封fēng侯hóu,咨zī豫yù闻wén国guó事shì。壹yī等děng穷qióng踧cù归guī命mìng,犹yóu加jiā上shàng宠chǒng,况kuàng巴bā蜀shǔ贤xián智zhì见jiàn几jī而ér作zuò者zhě哉zāi?诚chéng能néng深shēn鉴jiàn成chéng败bài,邈miǎo然rán高gāo蹈dǎo,投tóu迹jì微wēi子zi之zhī踪zōng,措cuò身shēn陈chén平píng之zhī轨guǐ,则zé福fú同tóng古gǔ人rén,庆qìng流liú来lái裔yì,百bǎi姓xìng士shì民mín,安ān堵dǔ乐lè业yè,农nóng不bù易yì亩mǔ,市shì不bù回huí肆sì,去qù累lěi卵luǎn之zhī危wēi,就jiù永yǒng安ān之zhī计jì,岂qǐ不bù美měi与yǔ?若ruò偷tōu安ān旦dàn夕xī,迷mí而ér不bù反fǎn,大dà兵bīng一yī放fàng,玉yù石shí俱jù碎suì,虽suī欲yù悔huǐ之zhī,亦yì无wú及jí也yě!各gè具jù宣xuān布bù,咸xián使shǐ知zhī闻wén。

孙sūn楚chǔ/为wèi石shí苞bāo与yǔ孙sūn皓hào书shū

苞bāo白bái:盖gài闻wén见jiàn而ér作zuò,《周zhōu易yì》所suǒ贵guì;小xiǎo不bù事shì大dà,《春chūn秋qiū》所suǒ诛zhū。此cǐ乃nǎi吉jí凶xiōng之zhī萌méng兆zhào,荣róng辱rǔ之zhī所suǒ由yóu兴xīng也yě。是shì故gù许xǔ、郑zhèng以yǐ衔xián璧bì全quán国guó,曹cáo、谭tán以yǐ无wú礼lǐ取qǔ灭miè,载zài籍jí既jì记jì其qí成chéng败bài,古gǔ今jīn又yòu著zhù其qí愚yú智zhì矣yǐ。不bù复fù广guǎng引yǐn譬pì类lèi,崇chóng饰shì浮fú辞cí,苟gǒu以yǐ夸kuā大dà为wèi名míng,更gèng丧sàng忠zhōng告gào之zhī实shí。今jīn粗cū论lùn事shì势shì,以yǐ相xiāng觉jué悟wù。

昔xī炎yán精jīng幽yōu昧mèi,历lì数shù将jiāng终zhōng,桓huán、灵líng失shī德dé,灾zāi衅xìn并bìng兴xīng,豺chái狼láng抗kàng爪zhǎo牙yá之zhī毒dú,生shēng人rén陷xiàn荼tú炭tàn之zhī艰jiān。于yú是shì九jiǔ州zhōu绝jué贯guàn,皇huáng纲gāng解jiě纽niǔ,四sì海hǎi萧xiāo条tiáo,非fēi复fù汉hàn有yǒu。太tài祖zǔ承chéng运yùn,神shén武wǔ应yīng期qī,征zhēng讨tǎo暴bào乱luàn,克kè宁níng区qū夏xià;协xié建jiàn灵líng符fú,天tiān命mìng既jì集jí,遂suì廓kuò洪hóng基jī,奄yǎn有yǒu魏wèi域yù。土tǔ则zé神shén州zhōu中zhōng岳yuè,器qì则zé九jiǔ鼎dǐng犹yóu存cún。世shì载zài淑shū美měi,重chóng光guāng相xiāng袭xí,固gù知zhī四sì隩ào之zhī攸yōu同tóng,天tiān下xià之zhī壮zhuàng观guān也yě!以yǐ上shàng魏wèi宅zhái中zhōng土tǔ

公gōng孙sūn渊yuān承chéng籍jí父fù兄xiōng,世shì居jū东dōng裔yì,拥yōng带dài燕yàn胡hú,冯féng陵líng险xiǎn远yuǎn,讲jiǎng武wǔ盘pán桓huán,不bù供gòng职zhí贡gòng,内nèi做zuò帝dì命mìng,外wài通tōng南nán国guó,乘chéng桴fú沧cāng海hǎi,交jiāo畴chóu货huò贿huì,葛gé越yuè布bù于yú朔shuò土tǔ,貂diāo马mǎ延yán乎hū吴wú会huì,自zì以yǐ为wéi控kòng弦xián十shí万wàn,奔bēn走zǒu足zú用yòng,信xìn能néng右yòu折zhé燕yàn齐qí,左zuǒ振zhèn扶fú桑sāng,陵líng轹lì沙shā漠mò,南nán面miàn称chēng王wáng也yě。宣xuān王wáng薄báo伐fá,猛měng锐ruì长cháng驱qū,师shī次cì辽liáo阳yáng,而ér城chéng池chí不bù守shǒu,桴fú鼓gǔ一yī震zhèn,而ér元yuán凶xiōng折zhé首shǒu。然rán后hòu远yuǎn迹jì疆jiāng埸yì,列liè郡jùn大dà荒huāng,收shōu离lí聚jù散sàn,咸xián安ān其qí居jū,民mín庶shù悦yuè服fú,殊shū俗sú款kuǎn附fù,自zì兹zī遂suì隆lóng,九jiǔ野yě清qīng泰tài。东dōng夷yí献xiàn其qí乐yuè器qì,肃sù慎shèn贡gòng其qí錗nèi矢shǐ,旷kuàng世shì不bù羁jī,应yīng化huà而ér至zhì。巍wēi巍wēi荡dàng荡dàng,想xiǎng所suǒ具jù闻wén!以yǐ上shàng征zhēng辽liáo东dōng

吴wú之zhī先xiān主zhǔ,起qǐ自zì荆jīng州zhōu,遭zāo时shí扰rǎo攘rǎng,播bō潜qián江jiāng表biǎo。刘liú备bèi震zhèn惧jù,亦yì逃táo巴bā岷mín。遂suì依yī丘qiū陵líng积jī石shí之zhī固gù,三sān江jiāng五wǔ湖hú,浩hào汗hàn无wú涯yá,假jiǎ气qì游yóu魂hún,迄qì于yú四sì纪jì。二èr邦bāng合hé从cóng,东dōng西xī唱chàng和hè,互hù相xiāng扇shān动dòng,距jù捍hàn中zhōng国guó,自zì谓wèi三sān分fēn鼎dǐng足zú之zhī势shì,可kě与yǔ泰tài山shān共gòng相xiāng终zhōng始shǐ。相xiàng国guó晋jìn王wáng,辅fǔ相xiàng帝dì室shì,文wén武wǔ桓huán桓huán,志zhì厉lì秋qiū霜shuāng。庙miào胜shèng之zhī算suàn,应yìng变biàn无wú穷qióng;独dú见jiàn之zhī鉴jiàn,与yǔ众zhòng绝jué虑lǜ。主zhǔ上shàng钦qīn明míng,委wěi以yǐ万wàn几jǐ,长cháng辔pèi远yuǎn御yù,妙miào略lüè潜qián授shòu。偏piān师shī同tóng心xīn,上shàng下xià用yòng力lì,棱léng威wēi奋fèn伐fá,采cǎi入rù其qí阻zǔ,并bìng敌dí一yí向xiàng,夺duó其qí胆dǎn气qì。小xiǎo战zhàn江jiāng介jiè,则zé成chéng都dū自zì溃kuì;曜yào兵bīng剑jiàn阁gé,而ér姜jiāng维wéi面miàn缚fù。开kāi地dì五wǔ千qiān,列liè郡jùn三sān十shí,师shī不bù逾yú时shí,梁liáng、益yì肃sù清qīng。使shǐ窃qiè号hào之zhī雄xióng,稽jī颡sǎng绛jiàng阙quē,球qiú琳lín重zhòng锦jǐn,充chōng于yú府fǔ库kù。夫fū虢guó灭miè虞yú亡wáng,韩hán并bìng魏wèi徙xǐ,此cǐ皆jiē前qián鉴jiàn之zhī验yàn,后hòu事shì之zhī师shī也yě!以yǐ上shàng平píng蜀shǔ

又yòu,南nán中zhōng吕lǚ兴xīng,深shēn睹dǔ天tiān命mìng,蝉chán蜕tuì内nèi向xiàng,愿yuàn为wèi臣chén妾qiè。外wài失shī辅fǔ车chē唇chún齿chǐ之zhī援yuán,内nèi有yǒu毛máo羽yǔ零líng落luò之zhī渐jiàn,而ér徘pái徊huái危wēi国guó,冀jì延yán日rì月yuè。此cǐ犹yóu魏wèi武wǔ侯hóu却què指zhǐ河hé山shān,以yǐ自zì强qiáng大dà,殊shū不bù知zhī物wù有yǒu兴xīng亡wáng,则zé所suǒ美měi非fēi其qí地dì也yě。方fāng今jīn百bǎi僚liáo济jì济jì,俊jùn乂yì盈yíng朝cháo,虎hǔ臣chén武wǔ将jiàng,折zhé冲chōng万wàn里lǐ,国guó富fù兵bīng强qiáng,六liù军jūn精jīng练liàn,思sī复fù翰hàn飞fēi,饮yǐn马mǎ南nán海hǎi。自zì顷qǐng国guó家jiā整zhěng治zhì器qì械xiè,修xiū造zào舟zhōu楫jí,简jiǎn习xí水shuǐ战zhàn。伐fá树shù北běi山shān,则zé太tài行xíng木mù尽jǐn;浚jùn决jué河hé、洛luò,则zé百bǎi川chuān通tōng流liú。楼lóu船chuán万wàn艘sōu,千qiān里lǐ相xiāng望wàng,自zì刳kū木mù以yǐ来lái,舟zhōu车chē之zhī用yòng,未wèi有yǒu如rú今jīn日rì之zhī盛shèng者zhě也yě!骁xiāo勇yǒng百bǎi万wàn,畜chù力lì待dài时shí,役yì不bù再zài举jǔ,今jīn日rì之zhī谓wèi也yě!以yǐ上shàng陈chén兵bīng势shì之zhī盛shèng

然rán主zhǔ上shàng眷juàn眷juàn,未wèi便biàn电diàn迈mài者zhě,以yǐ为wéi爱ài民mín治zhì国guó,道dào家jiā所suǒ尚shàng,崇chóng城chéng自zì卑bēi,文wén王wáng退tuì舍shě。故gù先xiān开kāi示shì大dà信xìn,喻yù以yǐ存cún亡wáng,殷yīn勤qín之zhī旨zhǐ,往wǎng使shǐ所suǒ究jiū。若ruò能néng审shěn识shí安ān危wēi,自zì求qiú多duō福fú,蹷jué然rán改gǎi容róng,祗zhī承chéng往wǎng告gào,追zhuī慕mù南nán越yuè婴yīng齐qí入rù侍shì,北běi面miàn称chēng臣chén,伏fú听tīng告gào策cè,则zé世shì祚zuò江jiāng表biǎo,永yǒng为wèi藩fān辅fǔ,丰fēng报bào显xiǎn赏shǎng,隆lóng于yú今jīn日rì矣yǐ!若ruò侮wǔ慢màn不bù式shì王wáng命mìng,然rán后hòu谋móu力lì云yún合hé,指zhǐ麾huī风fēng从cóng。雍yōng、益yì二èr州zhōu,顺shùn流liú而ér东dōng;青qīng、徐xú战zhàn士shì,列liè江jiāng而ér西xī,荆jīng、扬yáng、兖yǎn、豫yù,争zhēng驱qū入rù冲chōng,征zhēng东dōng甲jiǎ卒zú,虎hǔ步bù秣mò陵líng。尔ěr乃nǎi皇huáng舆yú整zhěng驾jià,六liù师shī徐xú征zhēng,羽yǔ檄xí烛zhú日rì,旌jīng旗qí流liú星xīng,游yóu龙lóng曜yào路lù,歌gē吹chuī盈yíng耳ěr。士shì卒zú奔bēn迈mài,其qí会huì如rú林lín,烟yān尘chén俱jù起qǐ,震zhèn天tiān骇hài地dì,渴kě赏shǎng之zhī士shì,锋fēng镝dī争zhēng先xiān。忽hū然rán一yí旦dàn,身shēn首shǒu横héng分fēn,宗zōng祀sì屠tú覆fù,取qǔ诫jiè万wàn世shì,引yǐn领lǐng南nán望wàng,良liáng以yǐ寒hán心xīn!夫fū治zhì膏gāo肓huāng者zhě,必bì进jìn苦kǔ口kǒu之zhī药yào;决jué狐hú疑yí者zhě,必bì告gào逆nì耳ěr之zhī言yán。如rú其qí迷mí谬miù,未wèi知zhī所suǒ投tóu,恐kǒng俞yú附fù见jiàn其qí已yǐ困kùn,扁biǎn鹊què知zhī其qí无wú功gōng也yě!勉miǎn思sī良liáng图tú,惟wéi所suǒ去qù就jiù。石shí苞bāo白bái。以yǐ上shàng劝quàn降xiáng

傅fù亮liàng/为wèi宋sòng公gōng修xiū张zhāng良liáng庙miào教jiào

纲gāng纪jì。夫fū盛shèng德dé不bù泯mǐn,义yì存cún祀sì典diǎn,“微wēi管guǎn”之zhī叹tàn,抚fǔ事shì弥mí深shēn。张zhāng子zi房fáng道dào亚yà黄huáng中zhōng,照zhào邻lín殆dài庶shù,风fēng云yún玄xuán感gǎn,蔚wèi为wèi帝dì师shī,夷yí项xiàng定dìng汉hàn,大dà拯zhěng横héng流liú,固gù已yǐ参cān轨guǐ伊yī、望wàng,冠guān德dé如rú仁rén。若ruò乃nǎi神shén交jiāo圯yí上shàng,道dào契qì商shāng洛luò,显xiǎn默mò之zhī际jì,窗chuāng然rán难nán究jiū,渊yuān流liú浩hào港gǎng,莫mò测cè其qí端duān矣yǐ。途tú次cì旧jiù沛pèi,伫zhù驾jià留liú城chéng,灵líng庙miào荒huāng顿dùn,遗yí象xiàng陈chén昧mèi,抚fǔ迹jì怀huái人rén,永yǒng叹tàn实shí深shēn。过guò大dà梁liáng者zhě,或huò伫zhù想xiǎng于yú夷yí门mén;游yóu九jiǔ原yuán者zhě,亦yì流liú连lián于yú随suí会huì。拟nǐ之zhī若ruò人rén,亦yì足zú以yǐ云yún!可kě改gǎi构gòu栋dòng宇yǔ,修xiū饰shì丹dān青qīng,蘩fán行xíng潦lǎo,以yǐ时shí致zhì荐jiàn。抒shū怀huái古gǔ之zhī情qíng,存cún不bù刊kān之zhī业yè、主zhǔ者zhě施shī行xíng。

宋sòng文wén帝dì/诫jiè江jiāng夏xià王wáng荆jīng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ义yì恭gōng书shū

天tiān下xià艰jiān难nán,家jiā国guó事shì重zhòng,虽suī曰yuē守shǒu成chéng,实shí亦yì未wèi易yì。隆lóng替tì安ān危wēi,在zài吾wú曹cáo耳ěr,岂qǐ可kě不bù感gǎn寻xún王wáng业yè,大dà惧jù负fù荷hè?汝rǔ性xìng褊biǎn急jí,志zhì之zhī所suǒ滞zhì,其qí欲yù必bì行xíng,意yì所suǒ不bù存cún,从cóng物wù回huí改gǎi,此cǐ最zuì弊bì事shì,宜yí念niàn裁cái抑yì。卫wèi青qīng遇yù士shì大dà夫fū以yǐ礼lǐ,与yǔ小xiǎo人rén有yǒu恩ēn;西xī门mén、安ān于yú,矫jiǎo性xìng齐qí美měi;关guān羽yǔ、张zhāng飞fēi,任rèn偏piān同tóng弊bì。行xíng己jǐ举jǔ事shì,深shēn宜yí鉴jiàn此cǐ!若ruò事shì异yì今jīn日rì,嗣sì子zǐ幼yòu蒙méng,司sī徒tú当dāng周zhōu公gōng之zhī事shì,汝rǔ不bù可kě不bù尽jìn祗zhī顺shùn之zhī理lǐ。尔ěr时shí天tiān下xià安ān危wēi,决jué汝rǔ二èr人rén耳ěr!汝rǔ一yí月yuè自zì用yòng钱qián,不bù可kě过guò三sān十shí万wàn,若ruò能néng省shěng此cǐ,益yì美měi!西xī楚chǔ府fǔ舍shě,略lüè所suǒ谙ān究jiū,计jì当dāng不bù须xū改gǎi作zuò日rì求qiú新xīn异yì。凡fán讯xùn狱yù多duō决jué当dāng时shí,难nán可kě逆nì虑lǜ,此cǐ实shí为wéi难nán;至zhì讯xùn日rì,虚xū怀huái博bó尽jǐn,慎shèn无wú以yǐ喜xǐ怒nù加jiā人rén。能néng择zé善shàn者zhě而ér从cóng之zhī,美měi自zì归guī己jǐ,不bù可kě专zhuān意yì自zì决jué,以yǐ矜jīn独dú断duàn之zhī明míng也yě。名míng器qì深shēn宜yí慎shèn惜xī,不bù可kě妄wàng以yǐ假jiǎ人rén,昵nì近jìn爵jué赐cì,尤yóu应yīng裁cái量liàng。吾wú于yú左zuǒ右yòu,虽suī为wèi少shǎo恩ēn,如rú闻wén外wài论lùn,不bù以yǐ为wéi非fēi也yě。以yǐ贵guì凌líng物wù,物wù不bù服fú;以yǐ威wēi加jiā人rén,人rén不bù厌yàn,此cǐ易yì达dá事shì耳ěr!声shēng乐yuè嬉xī游yóu,不bù宜yí令lìng过guò;蒲pú酒jiǔ渔yú猎liè,一yī切qiè勿wù为wèi。供gōng用yòng奉fèng身shēn,皆jiē有yǒu节jié度dù;奇qí服fú异yì器qì,不bù宜yí兴xīng长zhǎng。又yòu,宜yí数shù引yǐn见jiàn佐zuǒ史shǐ,相xiāng见jiàn不bù数shù,则zé彼bǐ我wǒ不bù亲qīn,不bù亲qīn无wú因yīn得dé尽jǐn人rén情qíng,人rén情qíng不bù尽jìn,复fù何hé由yóu知zhī众zhòng事shì也yě?

陆lù贽zhì/拟nǐ奉fèng天tiān改gǎi元yuán大dà赦shè制zhì

门mén下xià。致zhì理lǐ兴xīng化huà,必bì在zài推tuī诚chéng;忘wàng己jǐ济jì人rén,不bù吝lìn改gǎi过guò。朕zhèn嗣sì守shǒu丕pī构gòu,君jūn临lín万wàn方fāng,失shī守shǒu宗zōng祧tiāo,越yuè在zài草cǎo莽mǎng。不bù念niàn率lǜ德dé,诚chéng莫mò追zhuī于yú既jì往wǎng;永yǒng言yán思sī咎jiù,期qī有yǒu复fù于yú将jiāng来lái。明míng征zhēng厥jué初chū,以yǐ示shì天tiān下xià:

惟wéi我wǒ烈liè祖zǔ,迈mài德dé庇bì人rén,致zhì俗sú化huà于yú和hé平píng,拯zhěng生shēng灵líng于yú涂tú炭tàn,重zhòng熙xī积jī庆qìng,垂chuí二èr百bǎi年nián。伊yī尔ěr卿qīng尹yǐn庶shù官guān,洎jì亿yì兆zhào之zhī众zhòng,代dài受shòu亭tíng育yù,以yǐ迄qì于yú今jīn,功gōng存cún于yú人rén,泽zé垂chuí于yú后hòu。肆sì予yǔ小xiǎo子zi,获huò缵zuǎn鸿hóng业yè,惧jù德dé不bù嗣sì,罔wǎng敢gǎn怠dài荒huāng。然rán以yǐ长cháng于yú深shēn宫gōng之zhī中zhōng,暗àn于yú经jīng国guó之zhī务wù,积jī习xí易yì溺nì,居jū安ān忘wàng危wēi,不bù知zhī稼jià穑sè之zhī艰jiān难nán,不bù察chá征zhēng戍shù之zhī劳láo苦kǔ;泽zé靡mí下xià究jiū,情qíng不bù上shàng通tōng,事shì既jì壅yōng隔gé,人rén怀huái疑yí阻zǔ,犹yóu昧mèi省shěng己jǐ,遂suì用yòng兴xīng戎róng。征zhēng师shī四sì方fāng,转zhuǎn饷xiǎng千qiān里lǐ,赋fù车chē籍jí马mǎ,远yuǎn近jìn骚sāo然rán,行xíng赍jī居jū送sòng,众zhòng庶shù劳láo止zhǐ,或huò一yī日rì屡lǚ交jiāo锋fēng刃rèn,或huò连lián年nián不bù解jiě甲jiǎ胄zhòu。祀sì奠diàn乏fá主zhǔ,室shì家jiā靡mí依yī,生shēng死sǐ流liú离lí,怨yuàn气qì凝níng结jié。力lì役yì不bù息xī,田tián莱lái多duō荒huāng,暴bào命mìng峻jùn于yú诛zhū求qiú,疲pí甿méng空kōng于yú杼zhù轴zhóu,转zhuǎn死sǐ沟gōu壑hè,离lí去qù乡xiāng闾lǘ,邑yì里lǐ丘qiū墟xū,人rén烟yān断duàn绝jué。天tiān谴qiǎn于yú上shàng而ér朕zhèn不bù悟wù,人rén怨yuàn于yú下xià而ér朕zhèn不bù知zhī。驯xùn致zhì乱luàn阶jiē,变biàn兴xīng都dōu邑yì,贼zéi臣chén乘chéng衅xìn,肆sì逆nì滔tāo天tiān,曾céng莫mò愧kuì畏wèi,敢gǎn行xíng陵líng逼bī,万wàn品pǐn失shī序xù,九jiǔ庙miào震zhèn惊jīng,上shàng辱rǔ于yú祖zǔ宗zōng,下xià负fù于yú黎lí庶shù。痛tòng心xīn貌mào,罪zuì实shí在zài予yǔ,永yǒng言yán愧kuì悼dào,若ruò坠zhuì深shēn谷gǔ。赖lài天tiān地dì降jiàng祐yòu,神shén人rén协xié谋móu,将jiàng相xiàng竭jié诚chéng,爪zhǎo牙yá宣xuān力lì,屏píng逐zhú大dà盗dào,载zài张zhāng皇huáng维wéi,将jiāng弘hóng永yǒng图tú,必bì布bù新xīn令lìng。以yǐ上shàng引yǐn咎jiù自zì责zé

朕zhèn晨chén兴xīng夕xī惕tì,惟wéi念niàn前qián非fēi。乃nǎi者zhě公gōng卿qīng百bǎi寮liáo,累lèi抗kàng章zhāng疏shū,猥wěi以yǐ徽huī号hào,加jiā于yú朕zhèn躬gōng,固gù辞cí不bù获huò,俯fǔ遂suì舆yú议yì。昨zuó因yīn内nèi省xǐng,良liáng用yòng矍jué然rán!体tǐ阴yīn阳yáng不bù测cè之zhī谓wèi神shén,与yǔ天tiān地dì合hé德dé之zhī谓wèi圣shèng,顾gù惟wéi浅qiǎn昧mèi,非fēi所suǒ宜yí当dāng;文wén者zhě所suǒ以yǐ成chéng化huà,武wǔ者zhě所suǒ以yǐ定dìng乱luàn,今jīn化huà之zhī不bù被bèi,乱luàn是shì用yòng兴xīng,岂qǐ可kě更gèng徇xùn群qún情qíng,苟gǒu膺yīng虚xū美měi?重zhòng余yú不bù德dé,只zhǐ益yì怀huái惭cán!自zì今jīn以yǐ后hòu,中zhōng外wài所suǒ上shàng书shū奏zòu,不bù得dé更gèng称chēng圣shèng神shén文wén武wǔ之zhī号hào!以yǐ上shàng谢xiè绝jué徽huī号hào

夫fū人rén情qíng不bù常cháng,系xì于yú时shí化huà;天tiān道dào既jì隐yǐn,乱luàn狱yù滋zī丰fēng。朕zhèn既jì不bù能néng宏hóng德dé导dǎo人rén,又yòu不bù能néng一yī法fǎ齐qí众zhòng,苟gǒu设shè密mì网wǎng以yǐ罗luó非fēi辜gū,为wèi之zhī父fù母mǔ实shí增zēng愧kuì悼dào!今jīn上shàng元yuán统tǒng历lì,献xiàn岁suì发fā生shēng,宜yí革gé纪jì年nián之zhī号hào,式shì敷fū在zài宥yòu之zhī泽zé,与yǔ人rén更gēng始shǐ,以yǐ答dá天tiān休xiū,可kě大dà赦shè天tiān下xià,改gǎi建jiàn中zhōng五wǔ年nián为wèi兴xīng元yuán元yuán年nián。自zì正zhēng月yuè一yī日rì昧mèi爽shuǎng以yǐ前qián,大dà辟pì罪zuì以yǐ下xià,罪zuì无wú轻qīng重zhòng,咸xián赦shè除chú之zhī!以yǐ上shàng赦shè民mín之zhī罪zuì

李lǐ希xī烈liè、田tián悦yuè、王wáng武wǔ俊jùn、李lǐ纳nà等děng,有yǒu以yǐ忠zhōng劳láo任rèn膺yīng将jiàng相xiàng,有yǒu以yǐ勋xūn旧jiù继jì守shǒu藩fān维wéi。朕zhèn抚fǔ驭yù乖guāi方fāng,信xìn诚chéng靡mí著zhù,致zhì令lìng疑yí惧jù,不bù自zì保bǎo安ān,兵bīng兴xīng累lèi年nián,海hǎi内nèi骚sāo扰rǎo。皆jiē由yóu上shàng失shī其qí道dào,下xià罹lí其qí灾zāi,朕zhèn实shí不bù君jūn,人rén则zé何hé罪zuì?屈qū己jǐ宏hóng物wù,予yǔ何hé爱ài焉yān!庶shù怀huái引yǐn慝tè之zhī诚chéng,以yǐ洽qià好hào生shēng之zhī德dé,其qí李lǐ希xī烈liè、田tián悦yuè、王wáng武wǔ俊jùn、李lǐ纳nà及jí所suǒ管guǎn将jiàng士shì官guān吏lì等děng,一yī切qiè并bìng与yǔ洗xǐ涤dí,各gè复fù爵jué位wèi,待dài之zhī如rú初chū,仍réng即jí遣qiǎn使shǐ分fēn道dào宣xuān谕yù。朱zhū滔tāo虽suī与yǔ贼zéi泚cǐ连lián坐zuò,路lù远yuǎn未wèi必bì同tóng谋móu,朕zhèn方fāng推tuī以yǐ至zhì诚chéng,务wù欲yù宏hóng贷dài,如rú能néng效xiào顺shùn,亦yì与yǔ惟wéi新xīn,其qí河hé南nán北běi诸zhū军jūn兵bīng马mǎ,并bìng宜yí各gè于yú本běn道dào自zì固gù封fēng疆jiāng,勿wù相xiāng侵qīn轶yì!以yǐ上shàng赦shè李lǐ、田tián等děng叛pàn将jiāng

朱zhū泚cǐ大dà为wèi不bù道dào,弃qì义yì蔑miè恩ēn,反fǎn易yì天tiān常cháng,盗dào窃qiè名míng器qì,暴bào犯fàn陵líng寝qǐn,所suǒ不bù忍rěn言yán!获huò罪zuì祖zǔ宗zōng,朕zhèn不bù敢gǎn赦shè。其qí应yīng被bèi朱zhū泚cǐ胁xié从cóng将jiàng士shì官guān吏lì百bǎi姓xìng。及jí诸zhū色sè人rén等děng,有yǒu遭zāo其qí扇shàn诱yòu,有yǒu迫pò以yǐ凶xiōng威wēi,苟gǒu能néng自zì新xīn,理lǐ可kě矜jīn宥yòu。但dàn官guān军jūn未wèi到dào京jīng城chéng以yǐ前qián,能néng去qù逆nì效xiào顺shùn及jí散sàn归guī本běn道dào者zhě,并bìng从cóng赦shè例lì原yuán免miǎn,一yī切qiè不bù问wèn!以yǐ上shàng不bù赦shè朱zhū泚cǐ面miàn赦shè其qí部bù下xià

天tiān下xià左zuǒ降jiàng官guān,即jí与yǔ量liàng移yí近jìn处chù;已yǐ量liàng移yí者zhě,更gèng与yǔ量liàng移yí。流liú人rén配pèi隶lì及jí藩fān镇zhèn效xiào力lì,并bìng缘yuán罪zuì犯fàn与yǔ诸zhū使shǐ驱qū使shǐ官guān,兼jiān别bié敕chì诸zhū州zhōu县xiàn安ān置zhì;及jí得dé罪zuì人rén家jiā口kǒu未wèi得dé归guī者zhě,一yī切qiè放fàng还huán。应yīng先xiān有yǒu痕hén累lèi禁jìn锢gù,及jí反fǎn逆nì缘yuán坐zuò,承chéng前qián恩ēn赦shè所suǒ不bù该gāi者zhě,并bìng宜yí洗xǐ雪xuě。亡wáng官guān失shī爵jué放fàng归guī勿wù齿chǐ者zhě,量liàng加jiā收shōu叙xù。人rén之zhī行háng业yè,或huò未wèi必bì兼jiān,构gòu大dà厦shà者zhě,方fāng集jí于yú群qún材cái;建jiàn奇qí功gōng者zhě,不bù限xiàn于yú常cháng检jiǎn。苟gǒu在zài适shì用yòng,则zé无wú弃qì人rén。况kuàng黜chù免miǎn之zhī人rén,沉chén郁yù既jì久jiǔ,朝zhāo过guò夕xī改gǎi,仁rén何hé远yuǎn哉zāi?流liú移yí降jiàng黜chù、亡wáng官guān失shī爵jué、配pèi隶lì人rén等děng,有yǒu材cái能néng著zhù闻wén者zhě,特tè加jiā录lù用yòng,勿wù拘jū常cháng例lì!以yǐ上shàng湔jiān洗xǐ有yǒu罪zuì职zhí官guān,仍réng与yǔ录lù用yòng

诸zhū军jūn使shǐ、诸zhū道dào赴fù奉fèng天tiān及jí进jìn收shōu京jīng城chéng将jiàng士shì等děng,或huò百bǎi战zhàn摧cuī敌dí,或huò万wàn里lǐ勤qín王wáng,侦zhēn固gù全quán城chéng,驱qū除chú大dà憝duì。济jì危wēi难nàn者zhě,其qí节jié著zhù;复fù社shè稷jì者zhě,其qí业yè崇chóng。我wǒ图tú尔ěr功gōng,特tè加jiā彝yí典diǎn,锡xī名míng畴chóu赋fù,永yǒng永yǒng无wú穷qióng!宜yí并bìng赐cì名míng奉fèng天tiān定dìng难nán功gōng臣chén,身shēn有yǒu过guò犯fàn,递dì减jiǎn罪zuì三sān等děng:子zǐ孙sūn有yǒu过guò犯fàn,递dì减jiǎn罪zuì二èr等děng;当dāng户hù应yīng有yǒu差chà科kē使shǐ役yì,一yī切qiè蠲juān免miǎn。其qí功gōng臣chén已yǐ后hòu虽suī衰shuāi老lǎo疾jí患huàn,不bù任rèn军jūn旅lǚ,当dāng分fēn粮liáng赐cì,并bìng宜yí全quán给gěi;身shēn死sǐ之zhī后hòu,十shí年nián内nèi仍réng回huí给gěi家jiā口kǒu。其qí有yǒu食shí实shí封fēng者zhě,子zǐ孙sūn相xiāng继jì,代dài代dài无wú绝jué。其qí余yú叙xù录lù及jí功gōng赏shǎng条tiáo件jiàn,待dài收shōu京jīng日rì,并bìng准zhǔn去qù年nián十shí月yuè十shí七qī日rì、十shí一yī月yuè十shí四sì日rì敕chì处chǔ分fèn。以yǐ上shàng叙xù录lù奉fèng天tiān定dìng难nán功gōng臣chén

诸zhū道dào、诸zhū军jūn将jiàng士shì等děng,久jiǔ勤qín侦zhēn御yù,累lèi著zhù功gōng勋xūn,方fāng镇zhèn克kè宁níng,惟wéi尔ěr之zhī力lì。其qí应yīng在zài行háng营yíng者zhě,并bìng超chāo三sān资zī与yǔ官guān,仍réng赐cì勋xūn五wǔ转zhuǎn;不bù离lí镇zhèn者zhě,依yī资zī与yǔ官guān,赐cì勋xūn三sān转zhuǎn。其qí累lěi加jiā勋xūn爵jué,仍réng许xǔ回huí授shòu周zhōu亲qīn。内nèi外wài文wén武wǔ官guān,三sān品pǐn已yǐ上shàng,赐cì爵jué一yī级jí,四sì品pǐn已yǐ下xià,各gè加jiā一yī阶jiē,仍réng并bìng赐cì勋xūn两liǎng转zhuǎn。以yǐ上shàng叙xù录lù各gè方fāng镇zhèn

见jiàn危wēi致zhì命mìng,先xiān哲zhé攸yōu贵guì,掩yǎn骼gé薶mái胔zì,礼lǐ典diǎn所suǒ先xiān。虽suī效xiào用yòng而ér或huò殊shū,在zài恻cè隐yǐn而ér何hé间jiān?诸zhū道dào将jiàng士shì有yǒu死sǐ王wáng事shì者zhě,各gè委wěi所suǒ在zài州zhōu县xiàn给gěi递dì送sòng归guī本běn管guǎn,官guān为wèi葬zàng祭jì。其qí有yǒu因yīn战zhàn阵zhèn杀shā戮lù及jí擒qín获huò伏fú辜gū、暴bào骨gǔ原yuán野yě者zhě,亦yì委wěi所suǒ在zài逐zhú近jìn便biàn收shōu葬zàng。应yīng缘yuán流liú贬biǎn及jí犯fàn罪zuì未wèi葬zàng者zhě,并bìng许xǔ其qí家jiā各gè据jù本běn官guān品pǐn以yǐ礼lǐ收shōu葬zàng。以yǐ上shàng收shōu葬zàng死sǐ事shì者zhě

自zì顷qǐng军jūn旅lǚ所suǒ给gěi,赋fù役yì繁fán兴xīng,吏lì因yīn为wèi奸jiān,人rén不bù堪kān命mìng,咨zī嗟jiē怨yuàn苦kǔ,道dào路lù无wú聊liáo,汔qì可kě小xiǎo康kāng,与yǔ之zhī休xiū息xī。其qí垫diàn陌mò及jí税shuì间jiān架jià、竹zhú、木mù、茶chá、漆qī、榷què铁tiě等děng诸zhū色sè名míng目mù,悉xī宜yí停tíng罢bà。京jīng畿jī之zhī内nèi,属shǔ此cǐ寇kòu戎róng,攻gōng劫jié焚fén烧shāo,靡mí有yǒu宁níng室shì,王wáng师shī仰yǎng给jǐ,人rén以yǐ重zhòng劳láo,特tè宜yí减jiǎn放fàng今jīn年nián夏xià税shuì之zhī半bàn。朕zhèn以yǐ凶xiōng丑chǒu犯fàn阙quē,遽jù用yòng于yú征zhēng,爰yuán度dù近jìn郊jiāo,息xī驾jià兹zī邑yì,军jūn储chǔ克kè办bàn,师shī旅lǚ攸yōu宁níng,式shì当dāng褒bāo旌jīng,以yǐ志zhì吾wú过guò,其qí奉fèng天tiān宜yí升shēng为wèi赤chì县xiàn,百bǎi姓xìng并bìng给gěi复fù五wǔ年nián。以yǐ上shàng减jiǎn放fàng赋fù税shuì及jí奉fèng天tiān给gěi复fù

尚shàng德dé者zhě,教jiào化huà之zhī所suǒ先xiān;求qiú贤xián者zhě,邦bāng家jiā之zhī大dà本běn。永yǒng言yán兹zī道dào,梦mèng想xiǎng劳láo怀huái。而ér浇jiāo薄bó之zhī风fēng,趋qū竞jìng不bù息xī;幽yōu栖qī之zhī士shì,寂jì寞mò无wú闻wén。盖gài诚chéng所suǒ未wèi孚fú,故gù求qiú之zhī未wèi至zhì。天tiān下xià有yǒu隐yǐn居jū行xíng义yì、才cái德dé高gāo远yuǎn、晦huì迹jì丘qiū园yuán、不bù求qiú闻wén达dá者zhě,委wěi所suǒ在zài长zhǎng吏lì,具jù姓xìng名míng闻wén奏zòu,当dāng备bèi礼lǐ邀yāo致zhì。诸zhū色sè人rén中zhōng有yǒu贤xián良liáng方fāng正zhèng、能néng直zhí言yán极jí谏jiàn及jí博bó通tōng坟fén典diǎn、达dá于yú教jiào化huà、并bìng洞dòng识shí韬tāo钤qián堪kān任rèn将jiàng帅shuài者zhě,委wěi常cháng参cān官guān及jí所suǒ在zài长zhǎng吏lì闻wén荐jiàn。天tiān下xià孤gū老lǎo鳏guān寡guǎ茕qióng独dú不bù能néng自zì活huó者zhě,并bìng委wěi州zhōu县xiàn长zhǎng吏lì量liàng事shì优yōu恤xù。其qí有yǒu年nián九jiǔ十shí以yǐ上shàng者zhě,刺cì史shǐ县xiàn令lìng就jiù门mén存cún问wèn。义yì夫fū、节jié妇fù、孝xiào子zi、顺shùn孙sūn,旌jīng表biǎo门mén闾lǘ,终zhōng身shēn勿wù事shì。以yǐ上shàng荐jiàn达dá贤xián才cái,旌jīng恤xù民mín间jiān

大dà兵bīng之zhī后hòu,内nèi外wài耗hào竭jié,贬biǎn食shí省shěng用yòng,宜yí自zì朕zhèn躬gōng。当dāng节jié乘shèng舆yú之zhī服fú御yù,绝jué宫gōng室shì之zhī华huá饰shì,率lǜ己jǐ师shī俭jiǎn,为wèi天tiān下xià先xiān。诸zhū道dào贡gòng献xiàn,自zì非fēi供gōng宗zōng庙miào军jūn国guó之zhī用yòng,一yī切qiè并bìng停tíng!应yīng内nèi外wài官guān有yǒu冗rǒng员yuán,及jí百bǎi司sī有yǒu不bù急jí之zhī费fèi,委wěi中zhōng书shū门mén下xià即jí商shāng量liáng条tiáo件jiàn停tíng减jiǎn闻wén奏zòu。以yǐ上shàng停tíng减jiǎn用yòng度dù

布bù泽zé行xíng赏shǎng,仰yǎng惟wéi旧jiù章zhāng。今jīn以yǐ余yú孽niè未wèi平píng,帑tǎng藏cáng空kōng竭jié,有yǒu乖guāi庆qìng赐cì,深shēn愧kuì于yú怀huái。赦shè书shū有yǒu所suǒ未wèi该gāi者zhě,委wěi所suǒ司sī类lèi例lì条tiáo件jiàn闻wén奏zòu。敢gǎn以yǐ赦shè前qián事shì相xiāng言yán告gào者zhě,以yǐ其qí罪zuì罪zuì之zhī!亡wáng命mìng山shān泽zé,挟xié藏cáng军jūn器qì,百bǎi日rì不bù首shǒu,复fù罪zuì如rú初chū!赦shè书shū日rì行xíng五wǔ百bǎi里lǐ,布bù告gào遐xiá迩ěr,咸xián使shǐ闻wén知zhī。

陆lù贽zhì/拟nǐ议yì减jiǎn盐yán价jià诏zhào

三sān代dài立lì制zhì,山shān泽zé不bù禁jīn,天tiān地dì材cái利lì,与yǔ人rén共gòng之zhī。王wáng道dào寝qǐn微wēi,强qiáng霸bà争zhēng骛wù,于yú是shì设shè祈qí望wàng之zhī守shǒu,兴xīng榷què管guǎn之zhī法fǎ,以yǐ佐zuǒ兵bīng赋fù,以yǐ宽kuān地dì征zhēng。公gōng私sī之zhī间jiān,犹yóu谓wèi兼jiān泽zé,历lì代dài遵zūn用yòng,遂suì为wèi典diǎn常cháng。

自zì顷qǐng寇kòu难nán荐jiàn兴xīng,已yǐ三sān十shí载zài。服fú干gàn橹lǔ者zhě,农nóng耕gēng尽jǐn废fèi;居jū里lǐ闾lǘ者zhě,杼zhù轴zhóu其qí空kōng。革gé车chē方fāng殷yīn,军jūn食shí屡lǚ调diào,人rén多duō转zhuǎn徙xǐ,田tián亩mǔ污wū莱lái。乃nǎi专zhuān煮zhǔ海hǎi之zhī利lì,以yǐ为wéi赡shàn国guó之zhī术shù,度dù其qí所suǒ入rù,岁suì倍bèi田tián租zū。近jìn者zhě军jūn费fèi日rì增zēng,榷què价jià日rì重zhòng,至zhì有yǒu以yǐ谷gǔ一yī斗dòu易yì盐yán一yī升shēng。本běn末mò相xiāng逾yú,科kē条tiáo益yì峻jùn,念niàn彼bǐ贫pín匮kuì,何hé能néng自zì滋zī!五wǔ味wèi失shī和hé,百bǎi疾jí生shēng害hài,以yǐ兹zī天tiān弊bì,实shí为wèi痛tòng伤shāng!

呜wū呼hū!朕zhèn丕pī承chéng列liè圣shèng之zhī绪xù,遐xiá览lǎn前qián王wáng之zhī典diǎn,既jì不bù克kè静jìng事shì以yǐ息xī用yòng,又yòu不bù获huò弛chí禁jìn以yǐ便biàn人rén。征zhēng利lì滋zī深shēn,疲pí缅miǎn致zhì困kùn,予yǔ则zé不bù恤xù,其qí谁shuí省shěng忧yōu?应yīng江jiāng、淮huái并bìng峡xiá内nèi榷què盐yán,宜yí令lìng中zhōng书shū门mén下xià及jí度dù支zhī商shāng议yì裁cái减jiǎn估gū价jià,兼jiān厘lí革gé利lì害hài,速sù具jù条tiáo件jiàn闻wén奏zòu!削xuē去qù苛kē刻kè,止zhǐ塞sāi奸jiān讹é,务wù于yú利lì人rén,必bì称chēng朕zhèn意yì!

韩hán愈yù/进jìn士shì策cè问wèn十shí三sān首shǒu

问wèn:《书shū》称chēng“汝rǔ则zé有yǒu大dà疑yí,谋móu及jí乃nǎi心xīn,谋móu及jí卿qīng士shì,以yǐ至zhì于yú庶shù人rén、龟guī筮shì,考kǎo其qí从cóng违wéi,以yǐ审shěn吉jí凶xiōng”,则zé是shì圣shèng人rén之zhī举jǔ事shì兴xīng为wèi,无wú不bù与yǔ人rén共gòng之zhī者zhě也yě;于yú《易yì》则zé又yòu曰yuē“君jūn不bù密mì则zé失shī臣chén,臣chén不bù密mì则zé失shī身shēn,几jǐ事shì不bù密mì则zé害hài成chéng”,而ér《春chūn秋qiū》亦yì有yǒu讥jī漏lòu言yán之zhī词cí,如rú是shì则zé又yòu似shì不bù与yǔ人rén共gòng之zhī而ér独dú运yùn者zhě。《书shū》与yǔ《易yì》、《春chūn秋qiū》,经jīng也yě,圣shèng人rén于yú是shì乎hū尽jǐn其qí心xīn焉yān耳ěr矣yǐ。其qí文wén相xiāng戾lì悖bèi如rú此cǐ,欲yù人rén之zhī无wú疑yí,不bù可kě得dé已yǐ。是shì二èr说shuō者zhě,其qí信xìn有yǒu是shì非fēi乎hū?抑yì所suǒ指zhǐ各gè殊shū,而ér学xué者zhě不bù之zhī能néng察chá也yě?谅liàng非fēi深shēn考kǎo古gǔ训xùn,读dú圣shèng人rén之zhī书shū者zhě,其qí何hé能néng辨biàn之zhī?此cǐ固gù吾wú子zǐ之zhī所suǒ宜yí无wú让ràng者zhě,愿yuàn承chéng教jiào焉yān。

问wèn:古gǔ之zhī人rén有yǒu云yún,夏xià之zhī政zhèng尚shàng忠zhōng,殷yīn之zhī政zhèng尚shàng敬jìng,而ér周zhōu之zhī政zhèng尚shàng文wén。是shì三sān者zhě相xiāng循xún环huán终zhōng始shǐ,若ruò五wǔ行xíng之zhī与yǔ四sì时shí焉yān。原yuán其qí所suǒ以yǐ为wéi心xīn,皆jiē非fēi故gù立lì殊shū而ér求qiú异yì也yě,各gè适shì于yú时shí救jiù其qí弊bì而ér已yǐ矣yǐ。夏xià、殷yīn之zhī书shū,存cún者zhě可kě见jiàn矣yǐ,至zhì周zhōu之zhī典diǎn籍jí咸xián在zài。考kǎo其qí文wén章zhāng,其qí所suǒ尚shàng若ruò不bù相xiāng远yuǎn然rán,焉yān所suǒ谓wèi三sān者zhě之zhī异yì云yún乎hū?抑yì其qí道dào深shēn微wēi,不bù可kě究jiū与yǔ?将jiāng其qí词cí隐yǐn而ér难nán知zhī也yě?不bù然rán,则zé是shì说shuō为wèi谬miù矣yǐ。周zhōu之zhī后hòu,秦qín、汉hàn、蜀shǔ、吴wú、魏wèi、晋jìn之zhī兴xīng与yǔ霸bà,亦yì有yǒu尚shàng乎hū无wú也yě?观guān其qí所suǒ为wèi,其qí亦yì有yǒu意yì云yún尔ěr,循xún环huán之zhī说shuō安ān在zài?吾wú子zǐ其qí无wú所suǒ隐yǐn焉yān!

问wèn:夫fū子zǐ之zhī序xù帝dì王wáng之zhī书shū,而ér系xì以yǐ秦qín、鲁lǔ;及jí次cì列liè国guó之zhī风fēng,而ér宋sòng、鲁lǔ独dú称chēng《颂sòng》焉yān。秦qín穆mù之zhī德dé,不bù逾yú于yú二èr霸bà;宋sòng、鲁lǔ之zhī君jūn,不bù贤xián乎hū齐qí、晋jìn。其qí位wèi等děng,其qí德dé同tóng,升shēng黜chù取qǔ舍shě,如rú是shì之zhī相xiāng远yuǎn,亦yì将jiāng有yǒu由yóu乎hū?愿yuàn闻wén所suǒ以yǐ辨biàn之zhī之zhī说shuō。

问wèn:夫fū子zǐ既jì没méi,圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào不bù明míng,盖gài有yǒu杨yáng、墨mò者zhě,始shǐ侵qīn而ér乱luàn之zhī。其qí时shí天tiān下xià咸xián化huà而ér从cóng焉yān,孟mèng子zi辞cí而ér辟pì之zhī,则zé既jì廓kuò如rú也yě。今jīn其qí书shū尚shàng有yǒu存cún者zhě,其qí道dào可kě推tuī而ér知zhī不bù可kě乎hū?其qí所suǒ守shǒu者zhě何hé事shì?其qí不bù合hé于yú道dào者zhě几jǐ何hé?孟mèng子zi之zhī所suǒ以yǐ辞cí而ér辟pì之zhī者zhě何hé说shuō?今jīn之zhī学xué者zhě,有yǒu学xué于yú彼bǐ者zhě乎hū?有yǒu近jìn于yú彼bǐ者zhě乎hū?其qí已yǐ无wú传chuán乎hū?其qí无wú乃nǎi化huà而ér不bù自zì知zhī乎hū?其qí无wú传chuán也yě,则zé善shàn矣yǐ,如rú其qí尚shàng在zài,将jiāng何hé以yǐ救jiù之zhī乎hū?诸zhū生shēng学xué圣shèng人rén之zhī道dào,必bì有yǒu能néng言yán是shì者zhě,其qí无wú所suǒ为wèi让ràng!

问wèn:所suǒ贵guì乎hū道dào者zhě,不bù以yǐ其qí便biàn于yú人rén而ér得dé于yú己jǐ乎hū?当dāng周zhōu之zhī衰shuāi,管guǎn夷yí吾wú以yǐ其qí君jūn霸bà,九jiǔ合hé诸zhū侯hóu,一yī匡kuāng天tiān下xià,戎róng狄dí以yǐ微wēi,京jīng师shī以yǐ尊zūn,四sì海hǎi之zhī内nèi,无wú不bù受shòu其qí赐cì者zhě。天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu,奔bēn走zǒu其qí政zhèng令lìng之zhī不bù暇xiá,而ér谁shuí与yǔ为wèi敌dí?此cǐ岂qǐ非fēi便biàn于yú人rén而ér得dé于yú己jǐ乎hū?秦qín用yòng商shāng君jūn之zhī法fǎ,人rén以yǐ富fù,国guó以yǐ强qiáng,诸zhū侯hóu不bù敢gǎn抗kàng,及jí七qī君jūn而ér天tiān下xià为wèi秦qín。使shǐ天tiān下xià为wèi秦qín者zhě,商shāng君jūn也yě。而ér后hòu代dài之zhī称chēng道dào者zhě,咸xián羞xiū言yán管guǎn、商shāng氏shì,何hé哉zāi?庸yōng非fēi求qiú其qí名míng而ér不bù责zé其qí实shí欤yú?愿yuàn与yǔ诸zhū生shēng论lùn之zhī,无wú惑huò于yú旧jiù说shuō。

问wèn:夫fū子zǐ之zhī言yán“盍hé各gè言yán尔ěr志zhì”,又yòu曰yuē:“居jū则zé曰yuē:‘不bù吾wú知zhī也yě!’如rú或huò知zhī尔ěr,则zé何hé以yǐ哉zāi?”今jīn之zhī举jǔ者zhě,不bù本běn于yú乡xiāng,不bù序xù于yú庠xiáng,一yī朝zhāo而ér群qún至zhì乎hū有yǒu司sī,有yǒu司sī之zhī不bù之zhī知zhī也yě宜yí矣yǐ!今jīn将jiāng自zì州zhōu县xiàn始shǐ,请qǐng各gè诵sòng所suǒ怀huái,聊liáo以yǐ观guān诸zhū生shēng之zhī志zhì。“死sǐ者zhě可kě作zuò,其qí谁shuí与yǔ归guī?”“事shì其qí大dà夫fū之zhī贤xián者zhě,友yǒu其qí士shì之zhī仁rén者zhě。”敢gǎn问wèn诸zhū生shēng之zhī所suǒ事shì,而ér友yǒu者zhě为wèi谁shuí乎hū?所suǒ谓wèi贤xián而ér仁rén者zhě,其qí事shì如rú何hé哉zāi?言yán及jí之zhī而ér不bù言yán,亦yì君jūn子zǐ之zhī所suǒ不bù为wèi也yě。

问wèn:春chūn秋qiū之zhī时shí,百bǎi有yǒu余yú国guó,皆jiē有yǒu大dà夫fū士shì。详xiáng于yú《传chuán》者zhě,无wú国guó无wú贤xián人rén焉yān,其qí余yú皆jiē足zú以yǐ充chōng其qí位wèi,不bù闻wén有yǒu无wú其qí人rén而ér阙quē其qí官guān者zhě。春chūn秋qiū之zhī后hòu,其qí书shū尤yóu详xiáng。以yǐ至zhì于yú吴wú、蜀shǔ、魏wèi,下xià及jí晋jìn氏shì之zhī乱luàn,国guó分fēn如rú锱zī铢zhū,读dú其qí书shū亦yì皆jiē有yǒu人rén焉yān。今jīn天tiān下xià九jiǔ州zhōu四sì海hǎi,其qí为wèi土tǔ地dì大dà矣yǐ,国guó家jiā之zhī举jǔ士shì,内nèi有yǒu明míng经jīng、进jìn士shì,外wài有yǒu方fāng维wéi大dà臣chén之zhī荐jiàn。其qí余yú以yǐ门mén地dì勋xūn力lì进jìn者zhě,又yòu有yǒu倍bèi于yú是shì。其qí为wèi门mén户hù多duō矣yǐ!而ér自zì御yù史shǐ台tái、尚shàng书shū省shěng以yǐ至zhì于yú中zhōng书shū门mén下xià省shěng,咸xián不bù足zú其qí官guān,岂qǐ今jīn之zhī人rén不bù及jí于yú古gǔ之zhī人rén邪xié?何hé求qiú而ér不bù得dé也yě?夫fū子zǐ之zhī言yán曰yuē:“十shí室shì之zhī邑yì,必bì有yǒu忠zhōng信xìn如rú丘qiū者zhě焉yān!”诚chéng得dé忠zhōng信xìn如rú圣shèng人rén者zhě,而ér委wěi之zhī以yǐ大dà臣chén宰zǎi相xiàng之zhī事shì,有yǒu不bù可kě乎hū?况kuàng于yú百bǎi执zhí事shì之zhī微wēi者zhě哉zāi?古gǔ之zhī十shí室shì,必bì有yǒu任rèn宰zǎi相xiàng大dà臣chén者zhě,今jīn之zhī天tiān下xià,而ér不bù足zú士shì大dà夫fū于yú朝cháo,其qí亦yì有yǒu说shuō乎hū?

问wèn:夫fū子zǐ曰yuē:“洁jié、净jìng、精jīng、微wēi。《易yì》教jiào也yě。”今jīn习xí其qí书shū,而ér不bù识shí四sì者zhě之zhī所suǒ谓wèi,盍hé举jǔ其qí义yì而ér陈chén其qí数shù焉yān?

问wèn:《易yì》之zhī说shuō曰yuē“乾qián,健jiàn也yě”,今jīn考kǎo乾qián之zhī爻yáo在zài初chū者zhě曰yuē“潜qián龙lóng勿wù用yòng”,在zài三sān者zhě曰yuē“夕xī惕tì若ruò厉lì,无wú咎jiù”,在zài四sì者zhě亦yì曰yuē“无wú咎jiù”,在zài上shàng曰yuē“有yǒu悔huǐ”。卦guà六liù位wèi,一yī勿wù用yòng,二èr苟gǒu得dé无wú咎jiù,一yī有yǒu悔huǐ,安ān在zài其qí为wèi健jiàn乎hū?又yòu曰yuē:乾qián以yǐ易yì知zhī,坤kūn以yǐ简jiǎn能néng。乾qián之zhī四sì位wèi既jì不bù为wèi易yì矣yǐ,坤kūn之zhī爻yáo又yòu曰yuē“龙lóng战zhàn于yú野yě”,战zhàn之zhī于yú事shì,其qí足zú为wèi简jiǎn乎hū?《易yì》,六liù经jīng也yě,学xué者zhě之zhī所suǒ宜yí用yòng心xīn,愿yuàn施shī其qí词cí、陈chén其qí义yì焉yān!

问wèn:人rén之zhī仰yǎng而ér生shēng者zhě,谷gǔ、帛bó。谷gǔ、帛bó丰fēng,无wú饥jī寒hán之zhī患huàn,然rán后hòu可kě以yǐ行xíng之zhī于yú仁rén义yì之zhī途tú,措cuò之zhī于yú安ān平píng之zhī地dì,此cǐ愚yú智zhì所suǒ同tóng识shí也yě。今jīn天tiān下xià谷gǔ愈yù多duō而ér帛bó愈yù贱jiàn,人rén愈yù困kùn者zhě,何hé也yě?耕gēng者zhě不bù多duō而ér谷gǔ有yǒu余yú,蚕cán者zhě不bù多duō而ér帛bó有yǒu余yú,有yǒu余yú宜yí足zú而ér反fǎn不bù足zú,此cǐ其qí故gù又yòu何hé也yě?将jiāng以yǐ救jiù之zhī,其qí说shuō如rú何hé?

问wèn:夫fū子zǐ言yán,尧yáo、舜shùn垂chuí衣yī裳shang而ér天tiān下xià理lǐ。又yòu曰yuē:“无wú为wéi而ér理lǐ者zhě,其qí舜shùn也yě欤yú?”《书shū》之zhī说shuō尧yáo,曰yuē“亲qīn九jiǔ族zú”,又yòu曰yuē“平píng章zhāng百bǎi姓xìng”,又yòu曰yuē“协xié和hé万wàn邦bāng”,又yòu曰yuē“历lì象xiàng日rì月yuè星xīng辰chén,敬jìng授shòu人rén时shí”,又yòu曰yuē“洪hóng水shuǐ怀huái山shān襄xiāng陵líng,下xià人rén其qí咨zī”。夫fū亲qīn九jiǔ族zú,平píng百bǎi姓xìng,和hé万wàn邦bāng,则zé天tiān道dào,授shòu人rén时shí,愁chóu水shuǐ祸huò,非fēi无wú事shì也yě,而ér其qí言yán曰yuē垂chuí衣yī裳shang而ér天tiān下xià理lǐ者zhě,何hé也yě?于yú舜shùn则zé曰yuē“慎shèn五wǔ典diǎn”,又yòu曰yuē“叙xù百bǎi揆kuí”,又yòu曰yuē“宾bīn四sì门mén”,又yòu曰yuē“齐qí七qī政zhèng”,又yòu曰yuē“类lèi上shàng帝dì,禋yīn六liù宗zōng,望wàng山shān川chuān,遍biàn群qún神shén”,又yòu曰yuē“协xié时shí月yuè正zhèng日rì,同tóng律lǜ度dù量liàng衡héng,五wǔ载zài一yī巡xún狩shòu”,又yòu曰yuē“分fēn十shí二èr州zhōu,封fēng山shān浚jùn川chuān,恤xù五wǔ刑xíng,典diǎn三sān礼lǐ,彰zhāng施shī五wǔ色sè,出chū纳nà五wǔ言yán”。呜wū呼hū!其qí何hé勤qín且qiě烦fán如rú是shì!而ér其qí言yán曰yuē“无wú为wéi而ér理lǐ者zhě”,何hé也yě?将jiāng亦yì有yǒu深shēn辞cí隐yǐn义yì不bù可kě晓xiǎo邪xié?抑yì其qí年nián代dài已yǐ远yuǎn,失shī其qí传chuán邪xié?二èr三sān子zi其qí辨biàn焉yān!

问wèn:古gǔ之zhī学xué者zhě必bì有yǒu师shī,所suǒ以yǐ通tōng其qí业yè、成chéng就jiù其qí道dào德dé者zhě也yě。由yóu汉hàn氏shì已yǐ来lái,师shī道dào日rì微wēi,然rán犹yóu时shí有yǒu授shòu经jīng传zhuàn业yè者zhě,及jí于yú今jīn则zé无wú闻wén矣yǐ。德dé行xíng若ruò颜yán回huí,言yán语yǔ若ruò子zi贡gòng,政zhèng事shì若ruò子zi路lù,文wén学xué若ruò子zi游yóu,犹yóu且qiě有yǒu师shī;不bù独dú如rú此cǐ,虽suī孔kǒng子zi亦yì有yǒu师shī:问wèn礼lǐ于yú老lǎo聃dān,问wèn乐lè于yú苌cháng弘hóng是shì也yě。今jīn之zhī人rén不bù及jí孔kǒng子zi、颜yán回huí远yuǎn矣yǐ,而ér且qiě无wú师shī。然rán其qí不bù闻wén有yǒu业yè不bù通tōng而ér道dào德dé不bù成chéng者zhě,何hé也yě?

问wèn:食shí粟sù衣yī帛bó,服fú仁rén行xíng义yì,以yǐ竢sì死sǐ者zhě,二èr帝dì三sān千qiān之zhī所suǒ守shǒu,圣shèng人rén未wèi之zhī有yǒu改gǎi焉yān者zhě也yě。今jīn之zhī说shuō者zhě,有yǒu神shén仙xiān不bù死sǐ之zhī道dào,不bù食shí粟sù,不bù衣yī帛bó,薄báo仁rén义yì以yǐ为wéi不bù足zú为wèi,是shì诚chéng何hé道dào邪xié?圣shèng人rén之zhī于yú人rén,犹yóu父fù母mǔ之zhī于yú子zi,有yǒu其qí道dào而ér不bù以yǐ教jiào之zhī,不bù仁rén;其qí道dào虽suī有yǒu而ér未wèi之zhī知zhī,不bù智zhì。仁rén与yǔ智zhì且qiě不bù能néng,又yòu乌wū足zú为wèi圣shèng人rén乎hū?不bù然rán,则zé说shuō神shén仙xiān者zhě妄wàng矣yǐ!

韩hán愈yù/祭jì鳄è鱼yú文wén

维wéi年nián月yuè日rì。潮cháo州zhōu刺cì史shǐ韩hán愈yù,使shǐ军jūn事shì衙yá推tuī秦qín济jì,以yǐ羊yáng一yī、猪zhū一yī投tóu恶è溪xī之zhī潭tán水shuǐ,以yǐ与yǔ鳄è鱼yú食shí,而ér告gào之zhī曰yuē:

昔xī先xiān王wáng既jì有yǒu天tiān下xià,列liè山shān泽zé,罔wǎng绳shéng擉chuò刃rèn,以yǐ除chú虫chóng蛇shé恶è物wù为wèi民mín害hài者zhě,驱qū而ér出chū之zhī四sì海hǎi之zhī外wài。及jí后hòu王wáng德dé薄báo,不bù能néng远yuǎn有yǒu,则zé江jiāng、汉hàn之zhī间jiān,尚shàng皆jiē弃qì之zhī,以yǐ与yǔ蛮mán夷yí楚chǔ、越yuè,况kuàng潮cháo岭lǐng海hǎi之zhī间jiān去qù京jīng师shī万wàn里lǐ哉zāi?鳄è鱼yú之zhī涵hán淹yān卵luǎn育yù于yú此cǐ,亦yì固gù其qí所suǒ!

今jīn天tiān子zi嗣sì唐táng位wèi,神shén圣shèng慈cí武wǔ,四sì海hǎi之zhī外wài,六liù合hé之zhī内nèi,皆jiē抚fǔ而ér有yǒu之zhī;况kuàng禹yǔ迹jì所suǒ掩yǎn,扬yáng州zhōu之zhī近jìn地dì,刺cì史shǐ、县xiàn令lìng之zhī所suǒ治zhì,出chū贡gòng赋fù以yǐ供gōng天tiān地dì宗zōng庙miào百bǎi神shén之zhī祀sì之zhī壤rǎng者zhě哉zāi?鳄è鱼yú其qí不bù可kě与yǔ刺cì史shǐ杂zá处chǔ此cǐ土tǔ也yě!刺cì史shǐ受shòu天tiān子zi命mìng,守shǒu此cǐ土tǔ,治zhì此cǐ民mín,而ér鳄è鱼yú睅hàn然rán不bù安ān溪xī潭tán,据jù处chù食shí民mín畜chù熊xióng、豕shǐ、鹿lù、麞zhāng,以yǐ肥féi其qí身shēn,以yǐ种zhǒng其qí子zǐ孙sūn,与yǔ刺cì史shǐ抗kàng拒jù,争zhēng为wèi长zhǎng雄xióng。刺cì史shǐ虽suī驽nú弱ruò,亦yì安ān肯kěn为wèi鳄è鱼yú低dī首shǒu下xià心xīn,伈xǐn伈xǐn为wèi民mín吏lì羞xiū以yǐ偷tōu活huó于yú此cǐ邪xié?且qiě承chéng天tiān子zi命mìng以yǐ来lái为wèi吏lì,固gù其qí势shì不bù得dé不bù与yǔ鳄è鱼yú辩biàn,鳄è鱼yú有yǒu知zhī,其qí听tīng刺cì史shǐ言yán!

潮cháo之zhī州zhōu,大dà海hǎi在zài其qí南nán,鲸jīng、鹏péng之zhī大dà,虾xiā、蟹xiè之zhī细xì,无wú不bù容róng归guī,以yǐ生shēng以yǐ食shí,鳄è鱼yú朝cháo发fā而ér夕xī至zhì也yě。今jīn与yǔ鳄è鱼yú约yuē:尽jǐn三sān日rì,其qí率lǜ丑chǒu类lèi南nán徙xǐ于yú海hǎi,以yǐ避bì天tiān子zi之zhī命mìng吏lì!三sān日rì不bù能néng,至zhì五wǔ日rì;五wǔ日rì不bù能néng,至zhì七qī日rì。七qī日rì不bù能néng,是shì终zhōng不bù肯kěn徙xǐ也yě,是shì不bù有yǒu刺cì史shǐ听tīng从cóng其qí言yán也yě。不bù然rán,则zé是shì鳄è鱼yú冥míng顽wán不bù灵líng,刺cì史shǐ虽suī有yǒu言yán,不bù闻wén不bù知zhī也yě。夫fū傲ào天tiān子zi之zhī命mìng吏lì,不bù听tīng其qí言yán,不bù徙xǐ以yǐ避bì之zhī;与yǔ冥míng顽wán不bù灵líng,而ér为wèi民mín物wù害hài者zhě,皆jiē可kě杀shā!刺cì史shǐ则zé选xuǎn才cái技jì吏lì民mín,操cāo强qiáng弓gōng毒dú矢shǐ,以yǐ与yǔ鳄è鱼yú从cóng事shì,必bì尽jǐn杀shā乃nǎi止zhǐ,其qí无wú悔huǐ!

欧ōu阳yáng修xiū/拟nǐ制zhì九jiǔ篇piān

任rèn守shǒu信xìn可kě遥yáo郡jùn刺cì史shǐ依yī旧jiù郝hǎo延yán路lù驻zhù泊pō兵bīng马mǎ钤qián辖xiá制zhì

敕chì:国guó家jiā自zì灵líng、夏xià不bù宾bīn,边biān隅yú多duō警jǐng,议yì者zhě率lǜ以yǐ谓wèi用yòng兵bīng之zhī道dào,任rèn将jiāng宜yí专zhuān。恩ēn信xìn不bù久jiǔ,则zé无wú以yǐ得dé士shì心xīn;山shān川chuān不bù习xí,则zé不bù可kě图tú胜shèng算suàn。顷qǐng自zì兵bīng宿sù于yú野yě,久jiǔ而ér无wú功gōng,此cǐ殆dài将jiàng帅shuài数shù易yì之zhī过guò也yě。苟gǒu其qí能néng者zhě,无wú遽jù夺duó焉yān。以yǐ具jù官guān任rèn守shǒu信xìn,选xuǎn以yǐ敏mǐn材cái,临lín于yú戎róng事shì,肃sù军jūn捍hàn寇kòu,宣xuān力lì有yǒu闻wén,遽jù以yǐ飞fēi章zhāng,自zì言yán满mǎn岁suì。顾gù久jiǔ亲qīn于yú矢shǐ石shí,岂qǐ不bù念niàn于yú勤qín劳láo?然rán而ér士shì卒zú之zhī乐lè既jì汝rǔ安ān,夷yí狄dí之zhī情qíng惟wéi汝rǔ熟shú,虽suī欲yù代dài汝rǔ,实shí难nán其qí人rén。所suǒ宜yí旌jīng以yǐ郡jùn章zhāng,仍réng临lín旧jiù部bù,体tǐ兹zī委wěi寄jì,服fú我wǒ茂mào恩ēn!可kě。

杜dù鈛guō可kě卫wèi尉wèi寺sì丞chéng制zhì

敕chì:朕zhèn抚fǔ有yǒu万wàn国guó而ér官guān群qún材cái,不bù敢gǎn专zhuān用yòng独dú见jiàn之zhī明míng,而ér外wài诏zhào庶shù寮liáo,各gè举jǔ其qí善shàn。具jù官guān杜dù钱qián,举jǔ者zhě言yán尔ěr材cái堪kān亲qīn民mín,是shì用yòng升shēng汝rǔ司sī卫wèi之zhī丞chéng,而ér将jiāng用yòng汝rǔ临lín人rén于yú治zhì。《诗shī》曰yuē:“岂kǎi弟tì君jūn子zǐ,民mín之zhī父fù母mǔ。”盖gài夫fū善shàn为wéi政zhèng者zhě,能néng使shǐ其qí民mín爱ài之zhī如rú此cǐ,汝rǔ能néng以yǐ此cǐ亲qīn我wǒ民mín乎hū?往wǎng膺yīng进jìn秩zhì之zhī荣róng,无wú为wéi举jǔ者zhě之zhī累lèi!可kě。

张zhāng去qù惑huò可kě秘mì书shū丞chéng制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān张zhāng去qù惑huò。国guó家jiā设shè官guān之zhī法fǎ,患huàn乎hū巧qiǎo伪wěi干gàn誉yù者zhě之zhī难nán止zhǐ,故gù考kǎo绩jì之zhī格gé,三sān载zài而ér一yī例lì迁qiān,所suǒ以yǐ使shǐ沉chén实shí守shǒu正zhèng之zhī人rén,得dé以yǐ自zì进jìn。及jí其qí弊bì也yě,庸yōng人rén希xī累lèi日rì之zhī赏shǎng,而ér贤xián者zhě不bù能néng自zì别bié,故gù又yòu增zēng旧jiù法fǎ,稍shāo欲yù因yīn举jǔ类lèi而ér求qiú能néng者zhě焉yān。推tuī尔ěr之zhī材cái,世shì所suǒ称chēng美měi。夫fū累lèi日rì而ér迁qiān非fēi尔ěr志zhì,干gàn誉yù而ér进jìn不bù可kě为wèi,惟wéi思sī厥jué中zhōng,务wù广guǎng其qí业yè!可kě。

郭guō固gù可kě宁níng州zhōu军jūn事shì推tuī官guān制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān郭guō固gù。自zì边biān陲chuí用yòng兵bīng,而ér天tiān下xià游yóu谈tán之zhī士shì趋qū时shí蹈dǎo利lì者zhě,吾wú非fēi不bù知zhī其qí滥làn;而ér未wèi始shǐ怠dài焉yān者zhě,冀jì必bì有yǒu得dé于yú其qí间jiān。惟wéi尔ěr之zhī能néng,乃nǎi其qí索suǒ学xué。夫fū学xué有yǒu实shí者zhě,诘jí之zhī不bù穷qióng,而ér推tuī之zhī可kě用yòng。嘉jiā汝rǔ施shī设shè,精jīng而ér有yǒu条tiáo,虑lǜ变biàn适shì宜yí。将jiāng观guān汝rǔ用yòng!可kě。

李lǐ仲zhòng昌chāng可kě大dà理lǐ寺sì丞chéng签qiān署shǔ渭wèi州zhōu判pàn官guān公gōng事shì制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān李lǐ仲zhòng昌chāng。群qún材cái之zhī在zài下xià者zhě,思sī达dá其qí上shàng,难nán矣yǐ;而ér在zài上shàng者zhě,思sī得dé可kě用yòng之zhī材cái,岂qǐ为wèi易yì哉zāi?朕zhèn顷qǐng自zì择zé能néng臣chén,使shǐ举jǔ其qí类lèi,而ér洙zhū以yǐ尔ěr充chōng荐jiàn,今jīn琦qí又yòu以yǐ为wéi言yán。琦qí、洙zhū皆jiē能néng体tǐ吾wú劳láo于yú择zé士shì之zhī心xīn者zhě,举jǔ尔ěr不bù应yīng不bù慎shèn,沛pèi然rán推tuī宠chǒng,吾wú所suǒ不bù疑yí。尔ěr尚shàng勉miǎn哉zāi,以yǐ称chēng兹zī举jǔ!可kě。

郭guō子zi仪yí、孙sūn元yuán亨hēng可kě永yǒng兴xīng军jūn助zhù教jiào制zhì

敕chì:郭guō、元yuán亨hēng。继jì绝jué世shì,褒bāo有yǒu功gōng,非fēi惟wéi推tuī恩ēn以yǐ及jí远yuǎn,所suǒ以yǐ劝quàn天tiān下xià之zhī为wèi臣chén者zhě焉yān。况kuàng尔ěr先xiān王wáng,名míng载zài旧jiù史shǐ,勋xūn德dé之zhī厚hòu,宜yí其qí流liú泽zé于yú无wú穷qióng,而ér其qí后hòu裔yì不bù可kě以yǐ废fèi。往wǎng服fú新xīn命mìng,以yǐ荣róng厥jué家jiā!可kě。

李lǐ景jǐng圭guī可kě大dà理lǐ评píng事shì制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān李lǐ景jǐng圭guī。九jiǔ州zhōu四sì海hǎi,风fēng俗sú不bù同tóng,而ér王wáng者zhě之zhī化huà无wú不bù及jí。吾wú于yú远yuǎn者zhě,尤yóu加jiā意yì焉yān。夫fū吏lì非fēi敏mǐn于yú其qí事shì,则zé不bù能néng通tōng俗sú习xí而ér顺shùn其qí宜yí。政zhèng一yī失shī焉yān,下xià则zé重zhòng困kùn。邈miǎo兹zī南nán海hǎi,尔ěr莅lì吾wú民mín。今jīn会huì课kè上shàng闻wén,增zēng尔ěr荣róng秩zhì,克kè勤qín厥jué职zhí,以yǐ副fù予yǔ怀huái!可kě。

孙sūn复fù可kě大dà理lǐ评píng事shì制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān孙sūn复fù。昔xī圣shèng人rén之zhī作zuò《春chūn秋qiū》也yě,患huàn乎hū空kōng文wén之zhī不bù足zú为wèi,故gù著zhù之zhī于yú行xíng事shì,以yǐ为wéi万wàn世shì之zhī法fǎ。然rán学xué而ér执zhí其qí经jīng者zhě,岂qǐ可kě徒tú诵sòng其qí言yán哉zāi?惟wéi尔ěr复fù行xíng足zú以yǐ为wéi人rén师shī,学xué足zú以yǐ明míng人rén性xìng,不bù徒tú诵sòng其qí说shuō,而ér必bì欲yù施shī于yú事shì。吾wú将jiāng见jiàn吾wú国guó子zi蔚wèi然rán而ér有yǒu成chéng,宜yí有yǒu嘉jiā褒bāo,以yǐ为wéi学xué者zhě之zhī宠chǒng!可kě。

孙sūn砺lì、李lǐ国guó庆qìng并bìng可kě殿diàn中zhōng丞chéng制zhì

敕chì:具jù官guān孙sūn砺lì等děng。六liù经jīng皆jiē载zài治zhì民mín之zhī术shù,而ér法fǎ者zhě为wèi吏lì之zhī资zī也yě,汝rǔ等děng学xué之zhī,用yòng以yǐ从cóng政zhèng。经jīng之zhī道dào广guǎng矣yǐ,择zé其qí宜yí于yú民mín者zhě;法fǎ之zhī文wén密mì矣yǐ,取qǔ其qí平píng而ér不bù害hài者zhě,足zú以yǐ莅lì尔ěr官guān而ér成chéng厥jué绩jì焉yān!膺yīng兹zī叙xù迁qiān,勉miǎn用yòng尔ěr学xué!可kě。

曾céng巩gǒng/拟nǐ制zhì四sì篇piān

贾jiǎ昌chāng衡héng知zhī邓dèng州zhōu制zhì

敕chì:记jì旧jiù俗sú者zhě,称chēng南nán阳yáng之zhī民mín夸kuā奢shē,上shàng气qì力lì,难nán制zhì御yù。今jīn其qí余yú习xí,殆dài尚shàng有yǒu存cún者zhě。故gù有yǒu邦bāng之zhī任rèn,朕zhèn不bù轻qīng以yǐ属shǔ人rén。具jù官guān某mǒu,中zhōng外wài践jiàn更gèng,令lìng闻wén惟wéi旧jiù,兹zī用yòng考kǎo择zé,往wǎng分fēn彼bǐ土tǔ。盖gài穰ráng、清qīng之zhī间jiān,虽suī俗sú杂zá难nán治zhì,然rán教jiào民mín敦dūn本běn,兴xīng于yú好hǎo善shàn,召zhào信xìn臣chén、杜dù诗shī之zhī遗yí迹jì在zài焉yān。使shǐ农nóng桑sāng劝quàn而ér风fēng俗sú厚hòu,尔ěr尚shàng思sī继jì于yú前qián人rén。其qí往wǎng懋mào哉zāi,无wú替tì朕zhèn命mìng!可kě。

梅méi福fú封fēng寿shòu春chūn真zhēn人rén制zhì

敕chì:某mǒu在zài汉hàn之zhī际jì,数shù以yǐ孤gū远yuǎn极jí言yán天tiān下xià之zhī事shì,其qí志zhì壮zhuàng哉zāi!而ér家jiā居jū读dú书shū养yǎng性xìng,卒zú遗yí俗sú高gāo蹈dǎo,世shì传chuán为wèi仙xiān。今jīn大dà江jiāng之zhī西xī,实shí存cún庙miào像xiàng,祷dǎo祠cí辄zhé应yīng,能néng泽zé吾wú民mín。有yǒu司sī上shàng闻wén,是shì用yòng锡xī兹zī显xiǎn号hào。光guāng灵líng不bù泯mǐn,其qí服fú朕zhèn恩ēn!可kě。

王wáng中zhōng正zhèng种zhǒng谔è降jiàng官guān制zhì

朕zhèn大dà兴xīng士shì众zhòng,属shǔ尔ěr等děng以yǐ伐fá羌qiāng,固gù将jiāng举jǔ其qí巢cháo穴xué,非fēi徒tú却què虏lǔ收shōu并bìng塞sāi之zhī地dì而ér已yǐ。兵bīng西xī出chū则zé近jìn,而ér尔ěr等děng东dōng由yóu绥suí德dé回huí远yuǎn之zhī路lù,以yǐ疲pí士shì马mǎ,费fèi刍chú粟sù,致zhì功gōng用yòng不bù集jí。中zhōng正zhèng议yì既jì不bù审shěn,又yòu约yuē有yǒu分fēn地dì,当dāng攻gōng其qí左zuǒ,而ér不bù能néng奋fèn击jī,以yǐ歼jiān除chú丑chǒu类lèi。夫fū军jūn赏shǎng吾wú必bì信xìn,而ér罚fá亦yì安ān得dé已yǐ哉zāi?是shì用yòng按àn尔ěr之zhī罪zuì,降jiàng秩zhì有yǒu差chà。其qí体tǐ宽kuān恩ēn,尚shàng思sī报bào称chēng。可kě。

张zhāng知zhī均jūn州zhōu制zhì

岭lǐng之zhī西xī南nán,桂guì为wèi剧jù部bù,外wài有yǒu溪xī居jū海hǎi聚jù之zhī民mín,壤rǎng错cuò内nèi属shǔ,拊fǔ巡xún填tián守shǒu,讵jù可kě属shǔ非fēi其qí人rén!尔ěr比bǐ选xuǎn于yú朝cháo,往wǎng备bèi兹zī任rèn,而ér内nèi不bù能néng统tǒng齐qí士shì吏lì,外wài不bù能néng绥suí靖jìng华huá夷yí,致zhì兹zī绎yì骚sāo,白bái干gàn邦bāng宪xiàn。夺duó其qí美měi职zhí,处chù尔ěr偏piān州zhōu。兹zī惟wéi朕zhèn恩ēn,无wú忘wàng思sī省shěng!可kě。

经jīng史shǐ百bǎi家jiā杂zá钞chāo卷juǎn十shí一yī

奏zòu议yì之zhī属shǔ一yī

书shū/无wú逸yì

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!君jūn子zǐ所suǒ,其qí无wú逸yì!先xiān知zhī稼jià穑sè之zhī艰jiān难nán,乃nǎi逸yì,则zé知zhī小xiǎo人rén之zhī依yī。相xiāng小xiǎo人rén,厥jué父fù母mǔ勤qín劳láo稼jià穑sè,厥jué子zi乃nǎi不bù知zhī稼jià穑sè之zhī艰jiān难nán,乃nǎi逸yì乃nǎi谚yàn。既jì诞dàn,否fǒu则zé侮wǔ厥jué父fù母mǔ曰yuē:‘昔xī之zhī人rén无wú闻wén知zhī!’”以yǐ上shàng言yán无wú逸yì贵guì知zhī艰jiān难nán

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!我wǒ闻wén曰yuē:昔xī在zài殷yīn王wáng中zhōng宗zōng,严yán恭gōng寅yín畏wèi,天tiān命mìng自zì度dù,治zhì民mín祗zhī惧jù,不bù敢gǎn荒huāng宁níng。肆sì中zhōng宗zōng之zhī享xiǎng国guó,七qī十shí有yǒu五wǔ年nián。其qí在zài高gāo宗zōng,时shí旧jiù劳láo于yú外wài,爰yuán暨jì小xiǎo人rén。作zuò其qí即jí位wèi,乃nǎi或huò亮liàng阴yīn,三sān年nián不bù言yán;其qí惟wéi不bù言yán,言yán乃nǎi雍yōng。不bù敢gǎn荒huāng宁níng,嘉jiā靖jìng殷yīn邦bāng。至zhì于yú小xiǎo大dà,无wú时shí或huò怨yuàn。肆sì高gāo宗zōng之zhī享xiǎng国guó,五wǔ十shí有yǒu九jiǔ年nián。其qí在zài祖zǔ甲jiǎ,不bú义yì惟wéi王wáng,旧jiù为wèi小xiǎo人rén。作zuò其qí即jí位wèi,爰yuán知zhī小xiǎo人rén之zhī依yī,能néng保bǎo惠huì于yú庶shù民mín,不bù敢gǎn侮wǔ鳏guān寡guǎ。肆sì祖zǔ甲jiǎ之zhī享xiǎng国guó,三sān十shí有yǒu三sān年nián。自zì时shí厥jué后hòu,立lì王wáng生shēng则zé逸yì,生shēng则zé逸yì,不bù知zhī稼jià穑sè之zhī艰jiān难nán,不bù闻wén小xiǎo人rén之zhī劳láo,惟wéi耽dān乐lè之zhī从cóng。自zì时shí厥jué后hòu,亦yì罔wǎng或huò克kè寿shòu,或huò十shí年nián,或huò七qī八bā年nián,或huò五wǔ六liù年nián,或huò四sì三sān年nián。”以yǐ上shàng殷yīn三sān宗zōng及jí后hòu王wáng

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!厥jué亦yì惟wéi我wǒ周zhōu太tài王wáng、王wáng季jì,克kè自zì抑yì畏wèi。文wén王wáng卑bēi服fú,即jí康kāng功gōng田tián功gōng;徽huī柔róu懿yì恭gōng,怀huái保bǎo小xiǎo民mín,惠huì鲜xiān鳏guān寡guǎ;自zì朝cháo至zhì于yú日rì中zhōng昃zè,不bù遑huáng暇xiá食shí,用yòng咸xián和hé万wàn民mín。文wén王wáng不bù敢gǎn盘pán于yú游yóu田tián,以yǐ庶shù邦bāng惟wéi正zhèng之zhī供gōng。文wén王wáng受shòu命mìng惟wéi中zhōng身shēn,厥jué享xiǎng国guó五wǔ十shí年nián。”以yǐ上shàng周zhōu文wén王wáng

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!继jì自zì今jīn嗣sì王wáng,则zé其qí无wú淫yín于yú观guān于yú逸yì于yú游yóu于yú田tián,以yǐ万wàn民mín惟wéi正zhèng之zhī供gōng!无wú皇huáng曰yuē今jīn日rì耽dān乐lè。乃nǎi非fēi民mín攸yōu训xùn,非fēi天tiān攸yōu若ruò,时shí人rén丕pī则zé有yǒu愆qiān。无wú若ruò殷yīn王wáng受shòu之zhī迷mí乱luàn酗xù于yú酒jiǔ德dé哉zāi!”以yǐ上shàng戒jiè嗣sì王wáng

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!我wǒ闻wén曰yuē:古gǔ之zhī人rén犹yóu胥xū训xùn告gào,胥xū保bǎo惠huì,胥xū教jiào诲huì,民mín无wú或huò胥xū诪zhōu张zhāng为wéi幻huàn。此cǐ厥jué不bù听tīng,人rén乃nǎi训xùn之zhī,乃nǎi变biàn乱luàn先xiān王wáng之zhī正zhèng刑xíng,至zhì于yú小xiǎo大dà。民mín否fǒu则zé厥jué心xīn违wéi怨yuàn,否fǒu则zé厥jué口kǒu诅zǔ祝zhù。”以yǐ上shàng言yán宜yí听tīng训xùn诫jiè,不bù可kě变biàn旧jiù法fǎ

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!自zì殷yīn王wáng中zhōng宗zōng,及jí高gāo宗zōng,及jí祖zǔ甲jiǎ,及jí我wǒ周zhōu文wén王wáng,兹zī四sì人rén迪dí哲zhé。厥jué或huò告gào之zhī曰yuē:‘小xiǎo人rén怨yuàn汝rǔ詈lì汝rǔ。’则zé皇huáng自zì敬jìng德dé。厥jué愆qiān,曰yuē:‘朕zhèn之zhī愆qiān允yǔn若ruò时shí。’不bù啻chì不bù敢gǎn含hán怒nù。此cǐ厥jué不bù听tīng,人rén乃nǎi或huò诪zhōu张zhāng为wéi幻huàn,曰yuē:‘小xiǎo人rén怨yuàn汝rǔ詈lì汝rǔ。’则zé信xìn之zhī。则zé若ruò时shí,不bù永yǒng念niàn厥jué辟pì,不bù宽kuān绰chuò厥jué心xīn,乱luàn罚fá无wú罪zuì,杀shā无wú辜gū。怨yuàn有yǒu同tóng,是shì丛cóng于yú厥jué身shēn。”以yǐ上shàng言yán怨yuàn詈lì者zhě可kě儆jǐng不bù可kě怒nù

周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!嗣sì王wáng其qí监jiān于yú兹zī!”

左zuǒ传zhuàn/季jì文wén子zi谏jiàn纳nà莒jǔ仆pū之zhī辞cí

莒jǔ纪jì公gōng生shēng太tài子zi仆pū,又yòu生shēng季jì佗tuó。爱ài季jì佗tuó而ér黜chù仆pū,且qiě多duō行xíng无wú礼lǐ于yú国guó。仆pū因yīn国guó人rén以yǐ弑shì纪jì公gōng,以yǐ其qí宝bǎo玉yù来lái奔bēn,纳nà诸zhū宣xuān公gōng。公gōng命mìng与yǔ之zhī邑yì,曰yuē:“今jīn日rì必bì授shòu!”季jì文wén子zi使shǐ司sī寇kòu出chū诸zhū竟jìng,曰yuē:“今jīn日rì必bì达dá!”公gōng问wèn其qí故gù,季jì文wén子zi使shǐ大dà史shǐ克kè对duì曰yuē:

“先xiān大dà夫fū臧zāng文wén仲zhòng教jiào行xíng父fù事shì君jūn之zhī礼lǐ,行xíng父fù奉fèng以yǐ周zhōu旋xuán,弗fú敢gǎn失shī队duì。曰yuē:‘见jiàn有yǒu礼lǐ于yú其qí君jūn者zhě,事shì之zhī,如rú孝xiào子zi之zhī养yǎng父fù母mǔ也yě;见jiàn无wú礼lǐ于yú其qí君jūn者zhě,诛zhū之zhī,如rú鹰yīng鹯zhān之zhī逐zhú鸟niǎo雀què也yě。’先xiān君jūn周zhōu公gōng制zhì《周zhōu礼lǐ》曰yuē:‘则zé以yǐ观guān德dé,德dé以yǐ处chǔ事shì,事shì以yǐ度dù功gōng,功gōng以yǐ食shí民mín。’作zuò《誓shì命mìng》曰yuē:‘毁huǐ则zé为wèi贼zéi,掩yǎn贼zéi为wèi藏cáng,窃qiè贿huì为wèi盗dào,盗dào器qì之zhī奸jiān。主zhǔ藏cáng之zhī名míng,赖lài奸jiān之zhī用yòng,为wèi大dà凶xiōng德dé,有yǒu常cháng无wú赦shè。在zài九jiǔ刑xíng不bù忘wàng!’行xíng父fù还hái观guān莒jǔ仆pū,莫mò可kě则zé也yě。孝xiào敬jìng忠zhōng信xìn为wèi吉jí德dé,盗dào贼zéi藏cáng奸jiān为wèi凶xiōng德dé。夫fū莒jǔ仆pū,则zé其qí孝xiào敬jìng,则zé弑shì君jūn父fù矣yǐ;则zé其qí忠zhōng信xìn,则zé窃qiè宝bǎo玉yù矣yǐ。其qí人rén则zé盗dào贼zéi也yě,其qí器qì则zé奸jiān兆zhào也yě。保bǎo而ér利lì之zhī,则zé主zhǔ藏cáng也yě。以yǐ训xùn则zé昏hūn,民mín无wú则zé焉yān。不bù度dù于yú善shàn,而ér皆jiē在zài于yú凶xiōng德dé,是shì以yǐ去qù之zhī。以yǐ上shàng数shù莒jǔ仆pū之zhī凶xiōng德dé

“昔xī高gāo阳yáng氏shì有yǒu才cái子zi八bā人rén:苍cāng舒shū、聩kuì、梼táo戭yǎn、大dà临lín、尨máng降jiàng、庭tíng坚jiān、仲zhòng容róng、叔shū达dá,齐qí圣shèng广guǎng渊yuān,明míng允yǔn笃dǔ诚chéng,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī八bā恺kǎi。高gāo辛xīn氏shì有yǒu才cái子zi八bā人rén:伯bó奋fèn、仲zhòng堪kān、叔shū献xiàn、季jì仲zhòng、伯bó虎hǔ、仲zhòng熊xióng、叔shū豹bào、季jì貍lí,忠zhōng肃sù共gòng懿yì,宣xuān慈cí惠huì和hé,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī八bā元yuán。此cǐ十shí六liù族zú也yě,世shì济jì其qí美měi,不bù陨yǔn其qí名míng。以yǐ至zhì于yú尧yáo,尧yáo不bù能néng举jǔ。舜shùn臣chén尧yáo,举jǔ八bā恺kǎi,使shǐ主zhǔ后hòu土tǔ,以yǐ揆kuí百bǎi事shì,莫mò不bù时shí序xù,地dì平píng天tiān成chéng;举jǔ八bā元yuán,使shǐ布bù五wǔ教jiào于yú四sì方fāng,父fù义yì、母mǔ慈cí、兄xiōng友yǒu、弟dì共gòng、子zi孝xiào,内nèi平píng外wài成chéng。以yǐ上shàng舜shùn举jǔ十shí六liù相xiāng

“昔xī帝dì鸿hóng氏shì有yǒu不bù才cái子zi,掩yǎn义yì隐yǐn贼zéi,好hǎo行xíng凶xiōng德dé,丑chǒu类lèi恶è物wù,顽wán嚚yín不bù友yǒu,是shì与yǔ比bǐ周zhōu,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī浑hún敦dūn;少shǎo皞hào氏shì有yǒu不bù才cái子zi,毁huǐ信xìn废fèi忠zhōng,崇chóng饰shì恶è言yán,靖jìng谮zèn庸yōng回huí,服fú谗chán搜sōu慝tè,以yǐ诬wū盛shèng德dé,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī穷qióng奇qí;颛zhuān顼xū氏shì有yǒu不bù才cái子zi,不bù可kě教jiào训xùn,不bù知zhī话huà言yán,告gào之zhī则zé顽wán,舍shě之zhī则zé嚚yín,傲ào很hěn明míng德dé,以yǐ乱luàn天tiān常cháng,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī梼táo杌wù。此cǐ三sān族zú也yě,世shì济jì其qí凶xiōng,增zēng其qí恶è名míng,以yǐ至zhì于yú尧yáo,尧yáo不bù能néng去qù。缙jìn云yún氏shì有yǒu不bù才cái子zi,贪tān于yú饮yǐn食shí,冒mào于yú货huò贿huì,侵qīn欲yù崇chóng侈chǐ,不bù可kě盈yíng厌yàn,聚jù敛liǎn积jī实shí,不bù知zhī纪jì极jí,不bù分fēn孤gū寡guǎ,不bù恤xù穷qióng匮kuì,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín以yǐ比bǐ三sān凶xiōng,谓wèi之zhī饕tāo餮tiè。舜shùn臣chén尧yáo,宾bīn于yú四sì门mén,流liú四sì凶xiōng族zú,浑hún敦dūn、穷qióng奇qí、祷dǎo杌wù、饕tāo餮tiè,投tóu诸zhū四sì裔yì,以yǐ御yù魑chī魅mèi。以yǐ上shàng舜shùn之zhī四sì凶xiōng

“是shì以yǐ尧yáo崩bēng而ér天tiān下xià如rú一yī,同tóng心xīn戴dài舜shùn以yǐ为wéi天tiān子zi,以yǐ其qí举jǔ十shí六liù相xiāng去qù四sì凶xiōng也yě。故gù《虞yú书shū》数shù舜shùn之zhī功gōng,曰yuē‘慎shèn徽huī五wǔ典diǎn,五wǔ典diǎn克kè从cóng’,无wú违wéi教jiào也yě;曰yuē‘纳nà于yú百bǎi揆kuí,百bǎi揆kuí时shí序xù’,无wú废fèi事shì也yě;曰yuē‘宾bīn于yú四sì门mén,四sì门mén穆mù穆mù’,无wú凶xiōng人rén也yě。舜shùn有yǒu大dà功gōng二èr十shí而ér为wèi天tiān子zi,今jīn行xíng父fù虽suī未wèi获huò一yī吉jí人rén,去qù一yī凶xiōng矣yǐ。于yú舜shùn之zhī功gōng,二èr十shí之zhī一yī也yě,庶shù几jǐ免miǎn于yú戾lì乎hū!”

左zuǒ传zhuàn/魏wèi绛jiàng谏jiàn伐fá戎róng之zhī辞cí

无wú终zhōng子zi嘉jiā父fù使shǐ孟mèng乐lè如rú晋jìn,因yīn魏wèi庄zhuāng子zi纳nà虎hǔ豹bào之zhī皮pí,以yǐ请qǐng和hé诸zhū戎róng。晋jìn侯hóu曰yuē:“戎róng狄dí无wú亲qīn而ér贪tān,不bù如rú伐fá之zhī!”魏wèi绛jiàng曰yuē:

“诸zhū侯hóu新xīn服fú,陈chén新xīn来lái和hé,将jiāng观guān于yú我wǒ。我wǒ德dé则zé睦mù,否fǒu则zé携xié贰èr。荣róng师shī于yú戎róng,而ér楚chǔ伐fá陈chén,必bì弗fú能néng救jiù。是shì弃qì陈chén也yě,诸zhū华huá必bì叛pàn!戎róng,禽qín兽shòu也yě。获huò戎róng失shī华huá,无wú乃nǎi不bù可kě乎hū?”以yǐ上shàng言yán不bù可kě获huò戎róng失shī华huá

“《夏xià训xùn》有yǒu之zhī曰yuē:‘有yǒu穷qióng后hòu羿yì。’”公gōng曰yuē:“后hòu羿yì何hé如rú?”对duì曰yuē:“昔xī有yǒu夏xià之zhī方fāng衰shuāi也yě,后hòu羿yì自zì迁qiān于yú穷qióng石shí,因yīn夏xià民mín以yǐ代dài夏xià政zhèng。恃shì其qí射shè也yě,不bù修xiū民mín事shì,而ér淫yín于yú原yuán兽shòu。弃qì武wǔ罗luó、伯bó因yīn、熊xióng髡kūn、尨máng圉yǔ,而ér用yòng寒hán浞zhuó。寒hán浞zhuó,伯bó明míng氏shì之zhī谗chán子zǐ弟dì也yě。伯bó明míng,后hòu寒hán弃qì之zhī,夷yí羿yì收shōu之zhī,信xìn而ér使shǐ之zhī,以yǐ为wéi己jǐ相xiāng。浞zhuó行xíng媚mèi于yú内nèi,而ér施shī赂lù于yú外wài,愚yú弄nòng其qí民mín,而ér虞yú羿yì于yú田tián,树shù之zhī诈zhà慝tè,以yǐ取qǔ其qí国guó家jiā,外wài内nèi咸xián服fú。羿yì犹yóu不bù悛quān,将jiāng归guī自zì田tián,家jiā众zhòng杀shā而ér亨hēng之zhī。以yǐ食shí其qí子zi,其qí子zi不bù忍rěn食shí诸zhū,死sǐ于yú穷qióng门mén。靡mí奔bēn有yǒu鬲gé氏shì。浞zhuó因yīn羿yì室shì生shēng浇jiāo及jí豷yì,恃shì其qí谗chán慝tè诈zhà伪wěi,而ér不bù德dé于yú民mín。使shǐ浇jiāo用yòng师shī,灭miè斟zhēn灌guàn及jí斟zhēn寻xún氏shì。处chù浇jiāo于yú过guò,处chù豷yì于yú戈gē。靡mí自zì有yǒu鬲gé氏shì,收shōu二èr国guó之zhī烬jìn,以yǐ灭miè浞zhuó而ér立lì少shǎo康kāng。少shǎo康kāng灭miè浇jiāo于yú过guò,后hòu杼zhù灭miè殪yì于yú戈gē,有yǒu穷qióng由yóu是shì遂suì亡wáng。失shī人rén故gù也yě。以yǐ上shàng引yǐn后hòu羿yì事shì,言yán不bù可kě恃shì力lì黩dú武wǔ

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