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不bù得dé同tóng王wáng也yě。天tiān子zi之zhī殡bìn也yě,菆zōu涂tú龙lóng輴chūn以yǐ椁guǒ,菆zōu木mù以yǐ周zhōu龙lóng輴chūn,如rú椁guǒ而ér涂tú之zhī。天tiān子zi殡bìn以yǐ輴chūn车chē,画huà辕yuán为wèi龙lóng。○菆zōu,才cái官guān反fǎn。輴chūn,敕chì伦lún反fǎn。辕yuán音yīn袁yuán。加jiā斧fǔ于yú椁guǒ上shàng,毕bì涂tú屋wū。斧fǔ谓wèi之zhī黼fǔ,白bái黑hēi文wén也yě。以yǐ剌lá绣xiù於yú縿shān幕mù,加jiā椁guǒ以yǐ覆fù棺guān,已yǐ乃nǎi屋wū其qí上shàng,尽jǐn涂tú之zhī。○黼fǔ音yīn甫fǔ。剌lá,七qī亦yì反fǎn。縿shān音yīn消xiāo。幕mù音yīn莫mò。天tiān子zi之zhī礼lǐ也yě。[疏shū]“天tiān子zi”至zhì“礼lǐ也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī饰shì论lùn菆zōu涂tú为wèi古gǔ天tiān子zi殡bìn法fǎ也yě。菆zōu,丛cóng也yě,谓wèi用yòng木mù菆zōu棺guān而ér四sì面miàn涂tú之zhī,故gù云yún“菆zōu涂tú”也yě。○“龙lóng輴chūn”者zhě,殡bìn时shí輴chūn车chē载zài柩jiù,而ér画huà辕yuán为wèi龙lóng,故gù云yún“龙lóng輴chūn”也yě。○“以yǐ椁guǒ”者zhě,亦yì题tí凑còu菆zōu木mù,象xiàng椁guǒ之zhī形xíng,故gù云yún“以yǐ椁guǒ”。○“加jiā斧fǔ于yú椁guǒ上shàng”者zhě,“斧fǔ”谓wèi绣xiù覆fù棺guān之zhī衣yī为wèi斧fǔ文wén也yě。先xiān菆zōu四sì面miàn为wèi椁guǒ,使shǐ上shàng与yǔ棺guān齐qí,而ér上shàng犹yóu开kāi也yě。以yǐ棺guān衣yī从cóng椁guǒ上shàng入rù覆fù於yú棺guān,故gù云yún“加jiā斧fǔ于yú椁guǒ上shàng”也yě。○“毕bì涂tú屋wū”者zhě,毕bì,尽jǐn也yě。斧fǔ覆fù既jì竟jìng,又yòu四sì注zhù为wèi屋wū,覆fù上shàng而ér下xià,四sì面miàn尽jǐn涂tú之zhī也yě。故gù云yún“毕bì涂tú屋wū”。郑zhèng云yún“菆zōu木mù以yǐ周zhōu龙lóng輴chūn”者zhě,谓wèi丛cóng众zhòng木mù直zhí垒lěi,周zhōu龙lóng輴chūn至zhì上shàng乃nǎi题tí凑còu,则zé诸zhū侯hóu至zhì上shàng,不bù题tí凑còu也yě。唯wéi天tiān子zi之zhī丧sàng,有yǒu别bié姓xìng而ér哭kū。使shǐ诸zhū侯hóu同tóng姓xìng、异yì姓xìng、庶shù姓xìng,相xiāng从cóng而ér为wèi位wèi,别bié於yú朝cháo觐jìn来lái时shí,朝cháo觐jìn爵jué同tóng同tóng位wèi。○别bié,彼bǐ列liè反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。朝cháo,直zhí遥yáo反fǎn,下xià同tóng。[疏shū]“唯wéi天tiān”至zhì“而ér哭kū”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié论lùn哭kū天tiān子zi之zhī事shì,各gè依yī文wén解jiě之zhī。○注zhù“使shǐ诸zhū”至zhì“同tóng位wèi”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“异yì姓xìng“者zhě,郑zhèng注zhù《周zhōu礼lǐ》云yún:“王wáng昏hūn姻yīn甥shēng舅jiù。”“庶shù姓xìng”者zhě,谓wèi与yǔ王wáng无wú亲qīn者zhě。此cǐ言yán“朝cháo觐jìn爵jué同tóng同tóng位wèi”,则zé不bù分fēn别bié同tóng姓xìng异yì姓xìng。然rán《觐jìn礼lǐ》:“诸zhū侯hóu受shòu舍shě於yú朝cháo,同tóng姓xìng西xī面miàn,异yì姓xìng东dōng面miàn。”郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“分fēn别bié同tóng姓xìng异yì姓xìng,受shòu之zhī将jiāng有yǒu先xiān后hòu也yě。”与yǔ此cǐ不bù同tóng者zhě,《觐jìn礼lǐ》先xiān公gōng而ér后hòu侯hóu,先xiān侯hóu而ér后hòu伯bó,是shì亦yì爵jué同tóng同tóng位wèi,但dàn就jiù同tóng姓xìng之zhī中zhōng,先xiān爵jué尊zūn耳ěr,与yǔ此cǐ无wú别bié。鲁lǔ哀āi公gōng诔lěi孔kǒng丘qiū曰yuē:“天tiān不bù遗yí耆qí老lǎo,莫mò相xiāng予yǔ位wèi焉yān。呜wū呼hū哀āi哉zāi!尼ní父fù!”诔lěi其qí行xíng以yǐ为wéi谥shì也yě。莫mò,无wú也yě。相xiāng,佐zuǒ也yě。言yán孔kǒng子zi死sǐ,无wú佐zuǒ助zhù我wǒ处chù位wèi者zhě。尼ní父fù,因yīn且qiě字zì以yǐ为wéi之zhī谥shì。○诔lěi,力lì轨guǐ反fǎn。耆qí,巨jù支zhī反fǎn。相xiāng,息xī亮liàng反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。父fù音yīn甫fǔ。行xíng,下xià孟mèng反fǎn。[疏shū]“鲁lǔ哀āi”至zhì“尼ní父fù”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié论lùn哀āi公gōng诔lěi孔kǒng子zi之zhī事shì。孔kǒng子zi以yǐ哀āi公gōng十shí六liù年nián夏xià四sì月yuè已yǐ丑chǒu日rì卒zú,哀āi公gōng欲yù为wèi作zuò谥shì。作zuò谥shì宜yí先xiān列liè其qí生shēng时shí行xíng状zhuàng,谓wèi之zhī为wèi诔lěi。○“曰yuē天tiān不bù遗yí耆qí老lǎo,莫mò相xiāng予yǔ位wèi焉yān”者zhě,作zuò诔lěi辞cí也yě。遗yí,置zhì也yě。“耆qí老lǎo”谓wèi孔kǒng子zi也yě。莫mò,无wú也yě。相xiāng,佐zuǒ也yě。言yán上shàng天tiān不bù置zhì孔kǒng子zi,故gù无wú复fù佐zuǒ助zhù我wǒ处chù於yú位wèi也yě。○“呜wū呼hū哀āi哉zāi”,伤shāng痛tòng之zhī辞cí也yě。○“尼ní父fù”,“尼ní”则zé谥shì也yě。父fù且qiě字zì甫fǔ,是shì丈zhàng夫fū之zhī美měi称chēng,称chēng字zì而ér呼hū之zhī“尼ní父fù”也yě。  国guó亡wáng大dà县xiàn邑yì,公gōng、卿qīng、大dà夫fū、士shì皆jiē厌yàn冠guān,哭kū於yú大dà庙miào三sān日rì,君jūn不bù举jǔ。军jūn败bài失shī地dì,以yǐ丧sàng归guī也yě。厌yàn冠guān,今jīn丧sàng冠guān,其qí服fú未wèi闻wén。○大dà县xiàn,郡jùn县xiàn之zhī县xiàn。厌yàn,于yú叶yè反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。大dà音yīn泰tài。或huò曰yuē,君jūn举jǔ而ér哭kū於yú后hòu土tǔ。后hòu土tǔ,社shè也yě。[疏shū]“国guó亡wáng”至zhì“后hòu土tǔ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié论lùn人rén君jūn为wèi国guó致zhì忧yōu之zhī事shì。○“国guó亡wáng大dà县xiàn邑yì”者zhě,亡wáng,失shī也yě。国guó之zhī军jūn败bài,亡wáng失shī土tǔ邑yì也yě。○“公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū、士shì皆jiē厌yàn冠guān,哭kū於yú大dà庙miào三sān日rì”者zhě,公gōng,孤gū也yě。《士shì丧sāng礼lǐ》云yún:“公gōng卿qīng大dà夫fū继jì主zhǔ人rén。”郑zhèng云yún:“公gōng,大dà国guó之zhī孤gū四sì命mìng者zhě是shì也yě。”厌yàn冠guān,丧sàng冠guān也yě。国guó既jì失shī地dì,是shì诸zhū侯hóu无wú德dé所suǒ招zhāo,故gù诸zhū臣chén皆jiē著zhù丧sàng冠guān而ér哭kū於yú君jūn之zhī大dà庙miào三sān日rì也yě。失shī地dì为wèi先xiān祖zǔ所suǒ哀āi,故gù在zài庙miào也yě。○“君jūn不bù举jǔ”者zhě,举jǔ谓wèi举jǔ乐lè也yě。臣chén入rù庙miào三sān日rì哭kū,故gù君jūn亦yì三sān日rì不bù举jǔ乐lè也yě。“或huò曰yuē,君jūn举jǔ而ér哭kū於yú后hòu土tǔ”者zhě,后hòu土tǔ,社shè也yě。又yòu有yǒu或huò者zhě言yán亦yì举jǔ乐lè,而ér自zì於yú社shè中zhōng哭kū之zhī,社shè主zhǔ土tǔ故gù也yě。然rán二èr处chù之zhī哭kū,郑zhèng皆jiē不bù非fēi,未wèi知zhī孰shú是shì。庾yǔ蔚wèi云yún:“举jǔ者zhě谓wèi举jǔ馔zhuàn。”引yǐn《周zhōu礼lǐ·膳shàn夫fū》:“王wáng日rì一yī举jǔ”,又yòu“王wáng齐qí日rì三sān举jǔ”。注zhù云yún:“杀shā牲shēng盛shèng馔zhuàn曰yuē举jǔ。”案àn庾yǔ蔚wèi及jí前qián通tōng合hé而ér为wèi用yòng也yě。  孔kǒng子zi恶è野yě哭kū者zhě。为wèi其qí变biàn众zhòng。《周zhōu礼lǐ》:“衔xián枚méi氏shì掌zhǎng禁jìn野yě叫jiào呼hū、叹tàn呼hū於yú国guó中zhōng者zhě、行xíng歌gē哭kū於yú国guó中zhōng之zhī道dào者zhě。”○恶è,乌wū路lù反fǎn。衔xián枚méi,上shàng音yīn咸xián,下xià木mù杯bēi反fǎn。呼hū,火huǒ故gù、火huǒ胡hú二èr反fǎn。[疏shū]“孔kǒng子zi恶è野yě哭kū者zhě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:哭kū非fēi其qí地dì谓wèi之zhī野yě,为wèi变biàn众zhòng,故gù恶è之zhī也yě。  未wèi仕shì者zhě不bù敢gǎn税shuì人rén,如rú税shuì人rén,则zé以yǐ父fù兄xiōng之zhī命mìng。不bù专zhuān家jiā财cái也yě。税shuì谓wèi遗yí于yú人rén。○税shuì,始shǐ锐ruì反fǎn,谓wèi以yǐ物wù遗yí人rén也yě。遗yí,维wéi季jì反fǎn。[疏shū]“未wèi仕shì”至zhì“之zhī命mìng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ论lùn人rén子zi之zhī法fǎ也yě。“税shuì人rén”谓wèi以yǐ物wù遗yí人rén也yě。未wèi仕shì未wèi尊zūn,则zé亦yì不bù敢gǎn专zhuān家jiā财cái饷xiǎng人rén也yě。“如rú税shuì人rén”,谓wèi已yǐ仕shì者zhě也yě,虽suī得dé遗yí人rén,亦yì当dāng必bì称chēng父fù兄xiōng以yǐ将jiāng遗yí之zhī。  士shì备bèi入rù而ér后hòu朝zhāo夕xī踊yǒng。备bèi犹yóu尽jǐn也yě。国guó君jūn之zhī丧sàng,嫌xián主zhǔ人rén哭kū,入rù则zé踊yǒng。[疏shū]“士shì备bèi”至zhì“夕xī踊yǒng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié论lùn君jūn丧sàng,群qún臣chén朝zhāo夕xī哭kū踊yǒng之zhī事shì。备bèi,尽jǐn也yě。国guó君jūn丧sàng,群qún臣chén则zé朝zhāo夕xī即jí位wèi哭kū踊yǒng。嗣sì君jūn孝xiào子zi虽suī先xiān入rù即jí位wèi哭kū,必bì待dài诸zhū臣chén皆jiē入rù列liè位wèi毕bì后hòu,乃nǎi俱jù踊yǒng者zhě也yě。士shì卑bēi最zuì后hòu,故gù举jǔ士shì入rù为wèi毕bì也yě。所suǒ入rù有yǒu前qián后hòu,而ér相xiāng待dài踊yǒng者zhě,孝xiào子zi哀āi深shēn,故gù前qián入rù也yě,踊yǒng须xū相xiāng视shì为wèi节jié,故gù俟qí齐qí也yě。祥xiáng而ér缟gǎo。缟gǎo冠guān,素sù纰pī也yě。○缟gǎo,古gǔ老lǎo反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。纰pī,避bì支zhī反fǎn。是shì月yuè禫dàn,徙xǐ月yuè乐lè。言yán禫dàn明míng月yuè可kě以yǐ用yòng乐lè。○禫dàn,大dà感gǎn反fǎn。乐yuè音yīn岳yuè。[疏shū]“祥xiáng而ér”至zhì“月yuè乐lè”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:祥xiáng,大dà祥xiáng也yě。“缟gǎo”谓wèi缟gǎo冠guān,大dà祥xiáng日rì著zhù之zhī,故gù《小xiǎo记jì》除chú成chéng丧sàng者zhě,其qí祭jì朝cháo服fú缟gǎo冠guān是shì也yě。○“是shì月yuè禫dàn,徙xǐ月yuè乐lè”者zhě,《郑zhèng志zhì》曰yuē:“既jì禫dàn徙xǐ月yuè而ér乐lè作zuò,礼lǐ之zhī正zhèng也yě。孔kǒng子zi五wǔ日rì弹tán琴qín,自zì省xǐng乐lè,哀āi未wèi忘wàng耳ěr。逾yú月yuè可kě以yǐ歌gē,皆jiē自zì身shēn逾yú月yuè所suǒ为wèi也yě。此cǐ非fēi当dàng月yuè所suǒ受shòu乐lè名míng。既jì禫dàn,始shǐ得dé备bèi乐lè,而ér在zài心xīn犹yóu未wèi忘wàng能néng欢huān,徙xǐ月yuè之zhī乐lè极jí欢huān也yě。哀āi杀shā有yǒu渐jiàn,是shì以yǐ乐lè亦yì随suí之zhī也yě。”君jūn於yú士shì有yǒu赐cì帟yì。帟yì,幕mù之zhī小xiǎo者zhě,所suǒ以yǐ承chéng尘chén,赐cì之zhī则zé张zhāng於yú殡bìn上shàng。大dà夫fū以yǐ上shàng,幕mù人rén职zhí供gōng焉yān。○帟yì音yīn亦yì。共gòng音yīn恭gōng,本běn亦yì作zuò供gōng。[疏shū]“君jūn於yú士shì有yǒu赐cì帟yì”。正zhèng义yì曰yuē:赐cì,惠huì赐cì也yě。帟yì者zhě,幕mù之zhī小xiǎo者zhě也yě。大dà夫fū以yǐ上shàng丧sàng,则zé幕mù人rén职zhí供gōng之zhī也yě。士shì唯wéi有yǒu君jūn恩ēn赐cì之zhī,乃nǎi得dé有yǒu帟yì也yě。

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