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卷juǎn二èr 曲qū礼lǐ上shàng第dì一yī



从cóng於yú先xiān生shēng,不bù越yuè路lù而ér与yǔ人rén言yán。尊zūn不bù二èr也yě。先xiān生shēng,老lǎo人rén教jiào学xué者zhě。○从cóng,才cái用yòng反fǎn,下xià皆jiē同tóng。遭zāo先xiān生shēng於yú道dào,趋qū而ér进jìn,正zhèng立lì拱gǒng手shǒu。为wèi有yǒu教jiào使shǐ。○拱gǒng,俱jù勇yǒng反fǎn。先xiān生shēng与yǔ之zhī言yán则zé对duì,不bù与yǔ之zhī言yán则zé趋qū而ér退tuì。为wèi其qí不bù欲yù与yǔ已yǐ并bìng行xíng。从cóng长zhǎng者zhě而ér上shàng丘qiū陵líng,则zé必bì乡xiāng长cháng者zhě所suǒ视shì。为wèi远yuǎn视shì不bù察chá有yǒu所suǒ问wèn。○上shàng,时shí掌zhǎng反fǎn,下xià同tóng。[疏shū]“从cóng於yú”至zhì“所suǒ视shì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng事shì师shī长zhǎng之zhī礼lǐ,并bìng自zì恭gōng谨jǐn之zhī法fǎ,今jīn各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。○“从cóng於yú先xiān生shēng”者zhě,谓wèi从cóng行xíng时shí。先xiān生shēng,师shī也yě。谓wèi师shī为wèi先xiān生shēng者zhě,言yán彼bǐ先xiān已yǐ而ér生shēng,其qí德dé多duō厚hòu也yě。自zì称chēng为wèi弟dì子zǐ者zhě,言yán已yǐ自zì处chù如rú弟dì子zi,则zé尊zūn师shī如rú父fù兄xiōng也yě。故gù公gōng西xī华huá、子zi夏xià之zhī徒tú答dá孔kǒng子zi,皆jiē自zì称chēng弟dì子zǐ也yě。雷léi次cì宗zōng以yǐ为wéi师shī如rú父fù兄xiōng,故gù自zì称chēng弟dì子zǐ也yě。今jīn明míng若ruò从cóng师shī行xíng,不bù得dé辄zhé往wǎng路lù傍bàng与yǔ他tā人rén言yán也yě。而ér《论lún语yǔ》云yún:“有yǒu酒jiǔ食shí,先xiān生shēng馔zhuàn。”则zé先xiān生shēng之zhī号hào亦yì通tōng父fù兄xiōng。崔cuī灵líng恩ēn云yún:“凡fán言yán先xiān生shēng,谓wèi年nián德dé俱jù高gāo,又yòu教jiào道dào於yú物wù者zhě。凡fán云yún长zhǎng者zhě,直zhí以yǐ年nián为wèi称chēng也yě。凡fán言yán君jūn子zǐ者zhě,皆jiē为wèi有yǒu德dé尊zūn之zhī,不bù据jù年nián之zhī长zhǎng幼yòu。故gù所suǒ称chēng不bù同tóng也yě。”○“遭zāo先xiān生shēng”至zhì“拱gǒng手shǒu”,此cǐ明míng道dào路lù与yǔ师shī长zhǎng相xiāng逢féng之zhī法fǎ。遭zāo,逢féng也yě。趋qū,疾jí也yě。拱gǒng手shǒu,见jiàn师shī而ér起qǐ敬jìng,故gù疾jí趋qū而ér进jìn就jiù之zhī也yě。又yòu不bù敢gǎn斥chì问wèn先xiān生shēng所suǒ为wèi,故gù正zhèng立lì拱gǒng手shǒu而ér听tīng先xiān生shēng之zhī教jiào。○注zhù“先xiān生shēng,老lǎo人rén教jiào学xué者zhě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《书shū传zhuàn略lüè说shuō》云yún:“大dà夫fū士shì七qī十shí而ér致zhì仕shì,大dà夫fū为wèi父fù师shī,士shì为wèi少shǎo师shī,教jiào於yú州zhōu里lǐ。”《仪yí礼lǐ·乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ》注zhù云yún:“先xiān生shēng,乡xiāng大dà夫fū致zhì仕shì者zhě。”此cǐ云yún“老lǎo人rén教jiào学xué者zhě”,则zé通tōng凡fán老lǎo而ér教jiào学xué者zhě是shì,未wèi必bì皆jiē致zhì仕shì者zhě。○“与yǔ之zhī言yán则zé对duì”者zhě,此cǐ谓wèi问wèn时shí事shì之zhī言yán则zé对duì,若ruò问wèn己jǐ大dà事shì,则zé辞cí让ràng然rán后hòu对duì,故gù前qián文wén云yún“长zhǎng者zhě问wèn,不bù辞cí让ràng而ér对duì,非fēi礼lǐ也yě”。○“则zé必bì乡xiāng长cháng者zhě所suǒ视shì”者zhě,长zhǎng者zhě东dōng视shì则zé东dōng视shì,长zhǎng者zhě西xī视shì则zé西xī视shì,从cóng先xiān生shēng君jūn子zǐ亦yì然rán。登dēng城chéng不bù指zhǐ,城chéng上shàng不bù呼hū。为wèi惑huò人rén。○呼hū,火huǒ故gù反fǎn,号háo叫jiào也yě。将jiāng適shì舍shě,求qiú毋wú固gù。谓wèi行xíng而ér就jiù人rén馆guǎn。固gù犹yóu常cháng也yě。求qiú主zhǔ人rén物wù,不bù可kě以yǐ旧jiù常cháng致zhì时shí乏fá无wú,《周zhōu礼lǐ·土tǔ训xùn》“辨biàn地dì物wù,原yuán其qí生shēng,以yǐ诏zhào地dì求qiú”,其qí类lèi。将jiāng上shàng堂táng,声shēng必bì扬yáng。警jǐng内nèi人rén也yě。○警jǐng,京jīng领lǐng反fǎn。[疏shū]“将jiāng適shì舍shě,求qiú毋wú固gù”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:自zì此cǐ以yǐ下xià,虽suī从cóng师shī长zhǎng,兼jiān明míng为wèi宾bīn客kè礼lǐ也yě。適shì犹yóu往wǎng也yě。舍shě,主zhǔ人rén家jiā也yě。固gù犹yóu常cháng也yě。凡fán往wǎng人rén家jiā,不bù可kě责zé求qiú於yú主zhǔ人rén,賝chēn常cháng旧jiù有yǒu之zhī物wù,故gù曰yuē“求qiú毋wú固gù”也yě。○注zhù“《周zhōu礼lǐ》”至zhì“其qí类lèi”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《地dì官guān·士shì训xùn职zhí》云yún:“辨biàn地dì物wù。”郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“别bié其qí所suǒ有yǒu所suǒ无wú,原yuán其qí生shēng者zhě,生shēng有yǒu时shí以yǐ告gào王wáng之zhī求qiú也yě。若ruò地dì所suǒ无wú及jí物wù未wèi生shēng,则zé不bù求qiú。”与yǔ此cǐ相xiāng类lèi也yě。故gù引yǐn之zhī证zhèng“求qiú毋wú固gù”也yě。户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù,言yán闻wén则zé入rù,言yán不bù闻wén则zé不bù入rù。将jiāng入rù户hù,视shì必bì下xià。入rù户hù奉fèng扃jiōng,视shì瞻zhān毋wú回huí。不bù于yú掩yǎn人rén之zhī私sī也yě。奉fèng扃jiōng,敬jìng也yě。○屦jù,纪jì具jù反fǎn,单dān下xià曰yuē屦jù。闻wén音yīn问wèn,又yòu如rú字zì,下xià同tóng。视shì,常cháng止zhǐ反fǎn,下xià同tóng,徐xú音yīn示shì,沈shěn又yòu市shì志zhì反fǎn。扃jiōng,古gǔ萤yíng反fǎn,何hé云yún:“关guān也yě。”一yī云yún门mén扇shàn上shàng镮huán钮niǔ。瞻zhān毋wú,徐xú音yīn如rú字zì。户hù开kāi亦yì开kāi,户hù阖hé亦yì阖hé。下xià以yǐ后hòu来lái变biàn先xiān。○阖hé,胡hú腊là反fǎn。有yǒu后hòu入rù者zhě,阖hé而ér勿wù遂suì。示shì不bù拒jù人rén。○拒jù,其qí许xǔ反fǎn。毋wú践jiàn屦jù,毋wú踖jí席xí,抠kōu衣yī趋qū隅yú,必bì慎shèn唯wéi诺nuò。趋qū隅yú,升shēng席xí必bì由yóu下xià也yě。慎shèn唯wéi诺nuò者zhě,不bù先xiān举jǔ,见jiàn问wèn乃nǎi应yīng。○踖jí,在zài亦yì反fǎn,一yī音yīn席xí,躐liè也yě。抠kōu,苦kǔ侯hóu反fǎn,提tí也yě,下xià及jí注zhù同tóng。趋qū,七qī俱jù反fǎn,向xiàng也yě,注zhù同tóng,本běn又yòu作zuò走zǒu,徐xú音yīn奏zòu,又yòu如rú字zì。唯wéi,于yú癸guǐ反fǎn,应yīng辞cí也yě,注zhù同tóng,徐xú于yú比bǐ反fǎn,沈shěn以yǐ水shuǐ反fǎn。诺nuò,乃nǎi各gè反fǎn。应yīng,应yìng对duì之zhī应yīng。[疏shū]“户hù外wài”至zhì“唯wéi诺nuò”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng谓wèi室shì有yǒu两liǎng人rén,故gù户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù,此cǐ谓wèi两liǎng人rén体tǐ敌dí,故gù二èr屦jù在zài外wài,知zhī者zhě以yǐ《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ》无wú筭suàn爵jué,宾bīn主zhǔ皆jiē降jiàng,脱tuō履lǚ於yú堂táng下xià,以yǐ体tǐ敌dí故gù也yě。若ruò尊zūn卑bēi不bù同tóng,则zé长zhǎng者zhě一yī人rén脱tuō屦jù於yú户hù内nèi,故gù《少shǎo仪yí》云yún“排pái阖hé脱tuō屦jù於yú户hù内nèi者zhě,一yī人rén而ér已yǐ矣yǐ”是shì也yě。案àn《屦jù人rén注zhù》云yún:“复fù下xià曰yuē舄xì,襌dān下xià曰yuē屦jù。古gǔ人rén言yán屦jù以yǐ通tōng於yú复fù,今jīn世shì言yán屦jù以yǐ通tōng於yú襌dān。”如rú郑zhèng此cǐ言yán,古gǔ人rén之zhī言yán无wú问wèn襌dān之zhī与yǔ复fù,皆jiē名míng为wèi屦jù。今jīn人rén言yán屦jù,正zhèng谓wèi襌dān者zhě也yě。○“言yán闻wén则zé入rù,言yán不bù闻wén则zé不bù入rù”者zhě,若ruò一yī屦jù有yǒu一yī人rén,一yī人rén无wú非fēi法fǎ之zhī私sī事shì,则zé外wài人rén可kě即jí入rù。若ruò有yǒu二èr屦jù,二èr屦jù是shì有yǒu二èr人rén,或huò清qīng问wèn密mì事shì,若ruò内nèi人rén语yǔ闻wén於yú户hù外wài,则zé外wài人rén乃nǎi可kě入rù也yě。熊xióng氏shì以yǐ为wéi一yī人rén之zhī屦jù在zài户hù内nèi,其qí户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù,则zé三sān人rén也yě,下xià文wén云yún:“离lí坐zuò离lí立lì,无wú往wǎng参cān焉yān。”则zé知zhī户hù内nèi二èr人rén不bù得dé参cān之zhī,故gù知zhī户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù者zhě,当dāng有yǒu三sān人rén,义yì亦yì通tōng也yě。○“将jiāng入rù户hù,视shì必bì下xià”者zhě,虽suī闻wén言yán而ér入rù,亦yì不bù得dé举jǔ目mù而ér视shì,恐kǒng睹dǔ人rén私sī,故gù必bì下xià。○“入rù户hù奉fèng扃jiōng”者zhě,奉fèng扃jiōng之zhī说shuō,事shì有yǒu多duō家jiā,今jīn谓wèi礼lǐ有yǒu鼎dǐng扃jiōng,所suǒ以yǐ关guān鼎dǐng。今jīn关guān户hù之zhī木mù,与yǔ关guān鼎dǐng相xiāng似sì,亦yì得dé称chēng扃jiōng。凡fán常cháng奉fèng扃jiōng之zhī时shí,必bì两liǎng手shǒu向xiàng心xīn而ér奉fèng之zhī。今jīn入rù户hù虽suī不bù奉fèng扃jiōng木mù,其qí手shǒu若ruò奉fèng扃jiōng然rán,以yǐ其qí手shǒu对duì户hù若ruò奉fèng扃jiōng,言yán恭gōng敬jìng,故gù言yán奉fèng扃jiōng也yě。是shì以yǐ注zhù云yún:“奉fèng扃jiōng,敬jìng也yě。”○“视shì瞻zhān毋wú回huí”者zhě,初chū将jiāng入rù时shí视shì必bì下xià,而ér竟jìng不bù得dé回huí转zhuǎn,广guǎng有yǒu瞻zhān视shì也yě。○“户hù开kāi亦yì开kāi”者zhě,既jì入rù户hù,不bù以yǐ后hòu来lái变biàn先xiān,若ruò户hù本běn开kāi,则zé今jīn入rù者zhě不bù须xū阖hé也yě。○“户hù阖hé亦yì阖hé”者zhě,户hù若ruò本běn阖hé,则zé今jīn入rù者zhě不bù须xū开kāi也yě。○“有yǒu后hòu入rù者zhě,阖hé而ér勿wù遂suì”者zhě,有yǒu后hòu入rù者zhě,谓wèi己jǐ於yú先xiān入rù,后hòu犹yóu有yǒu人rén又yòu应yīng入rù者zhě也yě,虽suī已yǐ应yīng还hái阖hé,当dāng徐xú徐xú欲yù作zuò阖hé势shì,以yǐ待dài后hòu入rù,不bù得dé遂suì阖hé以yǐ成chéng拒jù后hòu人rén,故gù注zhù云yún:“示shì不bù拒jù人rén。”○“毋wú践jiàn屦jù”者zhě,践jiàn,蹋tà也yě。既jì并bìng脱tuō屦jù户hù外wài,其qí人rén或huò多duō,若ruò后hòu进jìn者zhě,不bù得dé蹋tà先xiān入rù者zhě屦jù。○“毋wú踖jí席xí”者zhě,踖jí犹yóu躐liè也yě。席xí既jì地dì铺pù,当dāng有yǒu上shàng下xià,将jiāng就jiù坐zuò,当dāng从cóng下xià而ér升shēng,当dāng己jǐ位wèi上shàng不bù发fā初chū从cóng上shàng,从cóng上shàng为wèi躐liè席xí也yě。《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún升shēng席xí,“升shēng席xí不bù由yóu前qián为wèi躐liè席xí”也yě。熊xióng氏shì以yǐ为wéi踖jí席xí犹yóu逆nì席xí。逆nì席xí谓wèi从cóng上shàng升shēng,故gù郑zhèng云yún:“必bì由yóu下xià。”《玉yù藻zǎo》所suǒ云yún者zhě,自zì是shì不bù由yóu席xí前qián升shēng,与yǔ此cǐ别bié。○“抠kōu衣yī趋qū隅yú”者zhě,抠kōu,提tí也yě。衣yī,裳shang也yě。趋qū犹yóu向xiàng也yě。隅yú犹yóu角jiǎo也yě。既jì不bù踖jí席xí,当dāng两liǎng手shǒu提tí裳shang之zhī前qián,徐xú徐xú向xiàng席xí之zhī下xià角jiǎo,从cóng下xià而ér升shēng,当dāng己jǐ位wèi而ér就jiù坐zuò也yě。○“必bì慎shèn唯wéi诺nuò”者zhě,唯wéi,134162;也yě。134162;诺nuò,应yìng对duì也yě。既jì坐zuò定dìng,又yòu慎shèn於yú应yìng对duì。○注zhù“趋qū隅yú”至zhì“乃nǎi应yīng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ》云yún:“宾bīn升shēng席xí自zì西xī方fāng。”注zhù云yún:“升shēng由yóu下xià也yě。升shēng必bì中zhōng席xí,彼bǐ谓wèi近jìn主zhǔ人rén为wéi上shàng,故gù以yǐ主zhǔ西xī为wèi之zhī下xià。凡fán席xí皆jiē升shēng由yóu下xià,降jiàng由yóu前qián。”云yún“慎shèn唯wéi诺nuò者zhě,不bù先xiān举jǔ,见jiàn问wèn乃nǎi应yīng”者zhě,举jǔ犹yóu问wèn也yě,谓wèi不bù先xiān问wèn也yě。大dà夫fū士shì出chū入rù君jūn门mén,由yóu闑niè右yòu。臣chén统tǒng於yú君jūn。闑niè,门mén橛jué。○闑niè,鱼yú列liè反fǎn,橛jué也yě。橛jué,求qiú月yuè反fǎn,门mén中zhōng木mù。不bù践jiàn阈yù。阈yù,门mén限xiàn也yě。○阈yù,于yú逼bī反fǎn,一yī音yīn况kuàng域yù反fǎn。[疏shū]“大dà夫fū”至zhì“践jiàn阈yù”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng大dà夫fū士shì出chū入rù君jūn门mén之zhī法fǎ。门mén以yǐ向xiàng堂táng为wèi正zhèng,右yòu在zài东dōng,故gù卢lú注zhù《檀tán弓gōng下xià》云yún:“门mén以yǐ向xiàng堂táng为wèi正zhèng,主zhǔ人rén位wèi在zài门mén东dōng,客kè位wèi在zài门mén西xī。今jīn此cǐ大dà夫fū士shì是shì臣chén,臣chén皆jiē统tǒng於yú君jūn,不bù敢gǎn自zì由yóu宾bīn,故gù出chū入rù君jūn门mén恒héng从cóng闑niè东dōng也yě。其qí士shì之zhī朝cháo位wèi,虽suī在zài西xī方fāng东dōng面miàn,入rù时shí仍réng依yī闑niè东dōng。”其qí《大dà射shè》注zhù云yún:“左zuǒ则zé由yóu闑niè西xī者zhě,泛fàn解jiě宾bīn客kè入rù门mén之zhī法fǎ也yě。”○“不bù践jiàn阈yù”者zhě,践jiàn,履lǚ也yě。阈yù,门mén限xiàn也yě。出chū入rù不bù得dé践jiàn履lǚ门mén限xiàn,所suǒ以yǐ尔ěr者zhě,一yī则zé自zì高gāo,二èr则zé不bù净jìng,并bìng为wèi不bù敬jìng。凡fán与yǔ客kè入rù者zhě,每měi门mén让ràng於yú客kè。下xià宾bīn也yě。敌dí者zhě迎yíng於yú大dà门mén外wài。《聘pìn礼lǐ》曰yuē:“君jūn迎yíng宾bīn於yú大dà门mén内nèi。”○下xià,遐xiá嫁jià反fǎn。客kè至zhì於yú寝qǐn门mén,则zé主zhǔ人rén请qǐng入rù为wèi席xí。为wèi犹yóu敷fū也yě,虽suī君jūn亦yì然rán。○敷fū,芳fāng夫fū反fǎn。然rán后hòu出chū迎yíng客kè,客kè固gù辞cí,又yòu让ràng先xiān入rù。主zhǔ人rén肃sù客kè而ér入rù。肃sù,进jìn也yě。进jìn客kè谓wèi道dào之zhī。○道dào音yīn导dǎo。主zhǔ人rén入rù门mén而ér右yòu,客kè入rù门mén而ér左zuǒ。右yòu就jiù其qí右yòu,左zuǒ就jiù其qí左zuǒ。主zhǔ人rén就jiù东dōng阶jiē,客kè就jiù西xī阶jiē。客kè若ruò降jiàng等děng,则zé就jiù主zhǔ人rén之zhī阶jiē。降jiàng,下xià也yě。谓wèi大dà夫fū於yú君jūn,士shì於yú大dà夫fū也yě,不bù敢gǎn辄zhé由yóu其qí阶jiē,卑bēi统tǒng於yú尊zūn,不bù敢gǎn自zì专zhuān。主zhǔ人rén固gù辞cí,然rán后hòu客kè复fù就jiù西xī阶jiē。复fù其qí正zhèng。○复fù音yīn服fú,后hòu此cǐ音yīn更gèng不bù重chóng出chū。主zhǔ人rén与yǔ客kè让ràng登dēng,主zhǔ人rén先xiān登dēng,客kè从cóng之zhī,拾shí级jí聚jù足zú。拾shí当dāng为wèi涉shè,声shēng之zhī误wù也yě。级jí,等děng也yě。涉shè等děng聚jù足zú,谓wèi前qián足zú蹑niè一yī等děng,后hòu足zú从cóng之zhī并bìng。○拾shí,依yī注zhù音yīn涉shè。级jí音yīn急jí,阶jiē等děng。蹑niè,女nǚ摄shè反fǎn。并bìng,步bù顶dǐng反fǎn。连lián步bù以yǐ上shàng。重zhòng蹉cuō跌diē也yě。连lián步bù谓wèi足zú相xiāng随suí不bù相xiāng过guò也yě。○上shàng,时shí掌zhǎng反fǎn,下xià皆jiē同tóng。重zhòng,直zhí勇yǒng反fǎn,徐xú治zhì恭gōng反fǎn。蹉cuō本běn亦yì作zuò差chà,同tóng,七qī何hé反fǎn。跌diē,大dà结jié反fǎn。过guò,古gǔ卧wò反fǎn,后hòu不bù音yīn者zhě放fàng此cǐ。上shàng於yú东dōng阶jiē,则zé先xiān右yòu足zú。上shàng於yú西xī阶jiē,则zé先xiān左zuǒ足zú。近jìn於yú相xiāng乡xiāng敬jìng。[疏shū]“凡fán与yǔ”至zhì“左zuǒ足zú”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng宾bīn与yǔ主zhǔ人rén送sòng迎yíng相xiāng让ràng,及jí升shēng堂táng行xíng步bù之zhī法fǎ,各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。○言yán“凡fán”者zhě,通tōng贵guì贱jiàn也yě。“每měi门mén”者zhě,天tiān子zi五wǔ门mén,诸zhū侯hóu三sān门mén,大dà夫fū二èr门mén。客kè敌dí者zhě,主zhǔ人rén出chū门mén外wài迎yíng客kè,主zhǔ人rén辄zhé先xiān让ràng不bù先xiān入rù,故gù曰yuē“每měi门mén让ràng於yú客kè”也yě。贵guì贱jiàn礼lǐ不bù并bìng存cún,且qiě诸zhū侯hóu自zì相xiāng为wèi宾bīn之zhī礼lǐ。凡fán宾bīn主zhǔ各gè有yǒu副fù,宾bīn副fù曰yuē介jiè,主zhǔ副fù曰yuē摈bìn及jí行xíng人rén。若ruò诸zhū侯hóu自zì行xíng,则zé介jiè各gè从cóng其qí命mìng数shù,至zhì主zhǔ国guó大dà门mén外wài,主zhǔ人rén及jí摈bìn出chū门mén相xiāng接jiē。若ruò主zhǔ君jūn是shì公gōng,则zé摈bìn者zhě五wǔ人rén,侯hóu伯bó则zé摈bìn者zhě四sì人rén,子zi男nán则zé摈bìn者zhě三sān人rén。所suǒ以yǐ不bù随suí命mìng者zhě,谦qiān也yě,故gù并bìng用yòng强qiáng半bàn之zhī数shù也yě。宾bīn若ruò是shì公gōng,来lái至zhì门mén外wài,直zhí当dāng闑niè西xī,去qù门mén九jiǔ十shí步bù而ér下xià车chē,当dāng轵zhǐ北běi乡xiāng而ér立lì。郑zhèng注zhù《考kǎo工gōng记jì》云yún:“轵zhǐ,毂gǔ末mò也yě。”其qí侯hóu伯bó立lì当dāng前qián疾jí,胡hú下xià此cǐ。子zi男nán立lì当dāng衡héng。注zhù:衡héng谓wèi车chē轭è。其qí君jūn当dāng轸zhěn,而ér九jiǔ介jiè立lì在zài公gōng之zhī北běi,逦lǐ迤yǐ西xī北běi,并bìng东dōng乡xiāng而ér列liè。主zhǔ公gōng出chū,直zhí闑niè东dōng南nán西xī向xiàng立lì,摈bìn在zài主zhǔ人rén之zhī南nán,逦lǐ迤yǐ东dōng南nán立lì,并bìng西xī向xiàng也yě。使shǐ末mò摈bìn与yǔ末mò介jiè相xiāng对duì,中zhōng间jiān傍bàng相xiāng去qù三sān丈zhàng六liù尺chǐ。列liè摈bìn介jiè既jì竟jìng,则zé主zhǔ君jūn就jiù宾bīn求qiú辞cí。所suǒ以yǐ须xū求qiú辞cí者zhě,不bù敢gǎn自zì许xǔ人rén来lái诣yì己jǐ,恐kǒng为wèi他tā事shì而ér至zhì,故gù就jiù求qiú辞cí,自zì谦qiān之zhī道dào也yě。求qiú辞cí之zhī法fǎ,主zhǔ人rén先xiān传chuán求qiú辞cí之zhī言yán与yǔ上shàng摈bìn,上shàng摈bìn传chuán以yǐ至zhì次cì摈bìn,次cì摈bìn继jì传chuán以yǐ至zhì末mò摈bìn,末mò摈bìn传chuán与yǔ宾bīn末mò介jiè,末mò介jiè以yǐ次cì继jì传chuán上shàng至zhì於yú宾bīn。宾bīn答dá辞cí随suí其qí来lái意yì,又yòu从cóng上shàng介jiè而ér传chuán下xià至zhì末mò介jiè,末mò介jiè又yòu传chuán与yǔ末mò摈bìn,末mò摈bìn传chuán相xiāng次cì而ér上shàng至zhì於yú主zhǔ人rén。传chuán辞cí既jì竟jìng,而ér后hòu进jìn迎yíng宾bīn至zhì门mén知zhī。摈bìn介jiè朝cháo位wèi如rú此cǐ者zhě,《大dà行xíng人rén职zhí》文wén。又yòu知zhī传chuán辞cí拜bài迎yíng宾bīn前qián至zhì门mén者zhě,《司sī仪yí职zhí》文wén。其qí传chuán辞cí司sī仪yí之zhī交jiāo摈bìn也yě,其qí列liè摈bìn介jiè传chuán辞cí委wěi曲qū,约yuē《聘pìn礼lǐ》文wén,若ruò诸zhū侯hóu使shǐ卿qīng大dà夫fū相xiāng聘pìn,其qí介jiè与yǔ主zhǔ位wèi,则zé《大dà行xíng人rén》云yún:“卿qīng大dà夫fū之zhī礼lǐ,各gè下xià其qí君jūn二èr等děng。”郑zhèng注zhù云yún“介jiè与yǔ朝cháo位wèi”是shì也yě。主zhǔ君jūn待dài之zhī摈bìn数shù,如rú待dài其qí君jūn。其qí有yǒu异yì者zhě,主zhǔ君jūn至zhì大dà门mén而ér不bù出chū限xiàn,南nán面miàn而ér立lì也yě。若ruò公gōng之zhī使shǐ亦yì直zhí闑niè西xī北běi向xiàng,七qī介jiè,而ér去qù门mén七qī十shí步bù。侯hóu伯bó使shǐ列liè五wǔ介jiè,而ér去qù门mén五wǔ十shí步bù。子zi男nán使shǐ三sān介jiè,而ér去qù门mén三sān十shí步bù。上shàng摈bìn出chū阈yù外wài,闑niè东dōng南nán西xī向xiàng,陈chén介jiè西xī北běi东dōng面miàn逦lǐ迤yǐ,如rú君jūn自zì相xiāng见jiàn也yě,而ér末mò介jiè末mò摈bìn相xiāng对duì,亦yì相xiāng去qù三sān丈zhàng六liù尺chǐ。陈chén摈bìn介jiè竟jìng,则zé不bù传chuán命mìng,而ér上shàng摈bìn进jìn至zhì末mò摈bìn间jiān,南nán揖yī宾bīn,宾bīn亦yì进jìn至zhì末mò介jiè间jiān,上shàng摈bìn与yǔ宾bīn相xiāng去qù亦yì三sān丈zhàng六liù尺chǐ。而ér上shàng摈bìn揖yī而ér请qǐng事shì,入rù告gào君jūn,君jūn在zài限xiàn内nèi,后hòu乃nǎi相xiāng与yǔ入rù也yě。知zhī者zhě,约yuē《聘pìn礼lǐ》文wén,不bù传chuán辞cí,《司sī仪yí》及jí《聘pìn礼lǐ》谓wèi之zhī旅lǚ摈bìn。君jūn自zì来lái所suǒ以yǐ必bì传chuán命mìng者zhě,《聘pìn义yì》云yún:“君jūn子zǐ於yú其qí所suǒ尊zūn,弗fú敢gǎn质zhì,敬jìng之zhī至zhì也yě。”又yòu若ruò天tiān子zi春chūn夏xià受shòu朝cháo宗zōng则zé无wú迎yíng法fǎ,受shòu享xiǎng则zé有yǒu之zhī,故gù《大dà行xíng人rén》云yún:“庙miào中zhōng将jiàng币bì三sān享xiǎng。”郑zhèng云yún:“朝cháo先xiān享xiǎng,不bù言yán朝cháo者zhě,朝cháo正zhèng礼lǐ,不bù嫌xián有yǒu等děng也yě。”若ruò秋qiū冬dōng觐jìn遇yù,一yī受shòu之zhī於yú庙miào,则zé亦yì无wú迎yíng法fǎ,故gù《郊jiāo特tè牲shēng》云yún“觐jìn礼lǐ,天tiān子zi不bù下xià堂táng而ér见jiàn诸zhū侯hóu”,明míng冬dōng遇yù依yī秋qiū也yě。此cǐ云yún“凡fán与yǔ客kè入rù者zhě”,谓wèi燕yàn也yě。故gù下xià文wén云yún“至zhì寝qǐn门mén”,谓wèi燕yàn在zài寝qǐn也yě。若ruò相xiāng朝cháo,飨xiǎng食shí皆jiē在zài庙miào。○“每měi门mén让ràng於yú客kè者zhě”,每měi门mén让ràng於yú客kè,自zì谦qiān下xià,敬jìng於yú宾bīn也yě。○注zhù“迎yíng於yú”至zhì“门mén内nèi”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“迎yíng於yú大dà门mén外wài”,证zhèng敌dí者zhě则zé主zhǔ人rén自zì出chū。“《聘pìn礼lǐ》云yún:君jūn迎yíng宾bīn於yú大dà门mén内nèi”者zhě,证zhèng不bù敌dí者zhě主zhǔ人rén不bù出chū门mén也yě。使shǐ者zhě是shì彼bǐ臣chén,故gù主zhǔ君jūn迎yíng至zhì门mén内nèi而ér不bù出chū也yě。“客kè至zhì於yú寝qǐn门mén,则zé主zhǔ人rén请qǐng入rù为wèi席xí”,寝qǐn门mén,最zuì内nèi门mén也yě,谓wèi客kè与yǔ主zhǔ人rén入rù至zhì主zhǔ人rén内nèi门mén也yě。“主zhǔ人rén请qǐng入rù为wèi席xí”者zhě,为wèi犹yóu敷fū也yě。客kè至zhì於yú内nèi门mén,而ér主zhǔ人rén请qǐng先xiān独dú入rù敷fū席xí也yě。然rán主zhǔ人rén乡xiāng已yǐ应yīng正zhèng席xí,今jīn客kè至zhì门mén,方fāng请qǐng先xiān入rù敷fū席xí者zhě,其qí意yì有yǒu二èr:一yī则zé自zì谦qiān,示shì不bù敢gǎn逆nì设shè席xí以yǐ招zhāo贤xián也yě;二èr则zé重zhòng慎shèn,更gèng宜yí视shì之zhī。○注zhù“虽suī君jūn亦yì然rán”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:知zhī君jūn迎yíng臣chén,君jūn亦yì先xiān入rù者zhě,案àn《聘pìn礼lǐ》云yún“及jí庙miào门mén,公gōng揖yī入rù,立lì于yú中zhōng庭tíng”是shì也yě。若ruò敌dí者zhě则zé更gèng出chū迎yíng,其qí不bù敌dí则zé不bù出chū迎yíng,故gù《聘pìn礼lǐ》云yún“立lì於yú中zhōng庭tíng”,注zhù“不bù复fù出chū,如rú此cǐ得dé君jūn行xíng一yī,臣chén行xíng二èr”是shì也yě。《聘pìn礼lǐ》君jūn使shǐ卿qīng归guī饔yōng饩xì於yú宾bīn,宾bīn迎yíng於yú门mén外wài,及jí庙miào门mén,宾bīn揖yī俱jù入rù。是shì敌dí礼lǐ不bù重chóng出chū迎yíng者zhě,尊zūn主zhǔ君jūn之zhī命mìng,不bù敢gǎn当dāng也yě。《聘pìn礼lǐ》宾bīn见jiàn主zhǔ国guó大dà夫fū,及jí庙miào门mén,大dà夫fū揖yī入rù,不bù出chū迎yíng者zhě,尊zūn聘pìn君jūn之zhī命mìng,不bù敢gǎn当dāng也yě。○“然rán后hòu出chū迎yíng客kè”者zhě,入rù铺pù席xí竟jìng,后hòu更gèng出chū迎yíng客kè也yě。○“客kè固gù辞cí”者zhě,固gù,如rú故gù也yě。礼lǐ有yǒu二èr辞cí,初chū曰yuē礼lǐ辞cí,再zài曰yuē固gù辞cí,三sān曰yuē终zhōng辞cí。主zhǔ人rén入rù铺pù席xí竟jìng。出chū而ér迎yíng客kè,再zài辞cí不bù先xiān入rù也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén肃sù客kè而ér入rù”者zhě,肃sù,进jìn也yě,谓wèi先xiān导dǎo之zhī也yě。客kè以yǐ再zài辞cí,故gù主zhǔ人rén进jìn道dào客kè也yě。故gù《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún“公gōng揖yī入rù,宾bīn从cóng”是shì也yě。○“客kè若ruò降jiàng等děng,则zé就jiù主zhǔ人rén之zhī阶jiē”者zhě,降jiàng等děng,卑bēi下xià之zhī客kè也yě。不bù敢gǎn亢kàng礼lǐ,故gù就jiù主zhǔ人rén阶jiē,是shì继jì属shǔ於yú主zhǔ人rén。○注zhù“降jiàng下xià”至zhì“自zì专zhuān”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“谓wèi大dà夫fū於yú君jūn,士shì於yú大dà夫fū”者zhě,此cǐ“大dà夫fū於yú君jūn”,大dà夫fū谓wèi他tā国guó大dà夫fū也yě。案àn《聘pìn礼lǐ》云yún:“公gōng迎yíng宾bīn,宾bīn不bù就jiù主zhǔ人rén阶jiē。”《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》:“公gōng迎yíng宾bīn,宾bīn入rù门mén左zuǒ。”注zhù云yún:“左zuǒ,西xī方fāng。”此cǐ皆jiē是shì降jiàng等děng不bù就jiù主zhǔ人rén阶jiē者zhě,以yǐ《聘pìn礼lǐ》及jí《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》并bìng奉fèng已yǐ君jūn之zhī命mìng,不bù可kě苟gǒu下xià主zhǔ人rén,故gù从cóng客kè礼lǐ也yě。若ruò君jūn燕yàn於yú臣chén,命mìng宰zǎi夫fū为wéi主zhǔ人rén,则zé主zhǔ人rén与yǔ宾bīn皆jiē从cóng西xī阶jiē升shēng,与yǔ此cǐ异yì也yě。案àn《聘pìn礼lǐ》宾bīn面miàn主zhǔ国guó大dà夫fū,他tā国guó大dà夫fū是shì敌dí礼lǐ,宾bīn亦yì入rù门mén右yòu。郑zhèng注zhù:“见jiàn私sī事shì,虽suī敌dí宾bīn,犹yóu谦qiān,入rù门mén右yòu,为wèi若ruò降jiàng等děng然rán。”○“主zhǔ人rén与yǔ客kè让ràng登dēng”者zhě,客kè主zhǔ至zhì其qí阶jiē,又yòu各gè让ràng,不bù先xiān升shēng也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén先xiān登dēng”者zhě,让ràng必bì以yǐ三sān,三sān竟jìng而ér客kè不bù从cóng,故gù主zhǔ人rén先xiān登dēng,亦yì肃sù客kè之zhī义yì。不bù言yán三sān者zhě,略lüè可kě知zhī也yě。○“客kè从cóng之zhī”者zhě,言yán主zhǔ人rén前qián升shēng至zhì第dì二èr级jí,客kè乃nǎi升shēng,中zhōng较jiào一yī级jí,故gù云yún从cóng之zhī也yě。《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》云yún“公gōng升shēng二èr等děng,宾bīn升shēng”是shì也yě。案àn《燕yàn礼lǐ》、《大dà射shè》宾bīn先xiān升shēng者zhě,公gōng以yǐ宰zǎi夫fū为wéi主zhǔ人rén,宾bīn尊zūn也yě。故gù下xià注zhù云yún:“宾bīn每měi先xiān升shēng,尊zūn也yě。”案àn《聘pìn礼lǐ》君jūn使shǐ卿qīng归guī饔yōng饩xì於yú宾bīn馆guǎn,卿qīng升shēng一yī等děng,宾bīn从cóng。於yú时shí宾bīn为wéi主zhǔ人rén不bù先xiān升shēng者zhě,卿qīng衔xián主zhǔ君jūn之zhī命mìng尊zūn,故gù先xiān升shēng也yě。至zhì於yú宾bīn设shè礼lǐ摈bìn卿qīng,宾bīn升shēng一yī等děng,大dà夫fū从cóng升shēng者zhě,以yǐ宾bīn作zuò主zhǔ人rén故gù也yě。“拾shí级jí聚jù足zú”者zhě,此cǐ上shàng阶jiē法fǎ也yě。拾shí,涉shè也yě。级jí,等děng也yě。聚jù足zú,谓wèi每měi阶jiē先xiān举jǔ一yī足zú,而ér后hòu足zú并bìng之zhī,不bù得dé后hòu过guò前qián也yě。涉shè等děng聚jù足zú,谓wèi前qián足zú蹑niè一yī等děng,后hòu足zú从cóng而ér并bìng之zhī也yě。○“连lián步bù以yǐ上shàng”者zhě,上shàng,上shàng堂táng也yě。在zài级jí未wèi在zài堂táng,后hòu足zú不bù相xiāng过guò,故gù云yún“连lián步bù”也yě。涉shè而ér升shēng堂táng,故gù云yún“以yǐ也yě”。帷wéi薄báo之zhī外wài不bù趋qū,不bú见jiàn尊zūn者zhě行xíng自zì由yóu,不bù为wèi容róng也yě。入rù则zé容róng,行xíng而ér张zhāng足zú曰yuē趋qū。○帷wéi,位wèi悲bēi反fǎn。帷wéi,幔màn也yě。薄báo,平píng博bó反fǎn,帘lián也yě。堂táng上shàng不bù趋qū,为wèi其qí迫pò也yě。堂táng下xià则zé趋qū。○为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,下xià并bìng同tóng。迫pò音yīn伯bó。执zhí玉yù不bù趋qū。志zhì重zhòng玉yù也yě。《聘pìn礼lǐ》曰yuē:“上shàng介jiè授shòu宾bīn玉yù於yú庙miào门mén外wài。”○介jiè音yīn界jiè。堂táng上shàng接jiē武wǔ,武wǔ,迹jì也yě。迹jì相xiāng接jiē,谓wèi每měi移yí足zú半bàn蹑niè之zhī,中zhōng人rén之zhī迹jì尺chǐ二èr寸cùn。堂táng下xià布bù武wǔ。武wǔ谓wèi每měi移yí足zú,各gè自zì成chéng迹jì,不bù相xiāng蹑niè。室shì中zhōng不bù翔xiáng。又yòu为wèi其qí迫pò也yě。行xíng而ér张zhāng拱gǒng曰yuē翔xiáng。并bìng坐zuò不bù横héng肱gōng,为wéi害hài旁páng人rén。○并bìng如rú字zì,又yòu步bù顶dǐng反fǎn,后hòu放fàng此cǐ。肱gōng,古gǔ弘hóng反fǎn。授shòu立lì不bù跪guì,授shòu坐zuò不bù立lì。为wèi烦fán尊zūn者zhě,俯fǔ仰yǎng受shòu之zhī。○跪guì,求qiú委wěi反fǎn,本běn又yòu作zuò危wēi。授shòu坐zuò,本běn又yòu作zuò“俯fǔ仰yǎng”。[疏shū]“帷wéi薄báo”至zhì“不bù立lì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié言yán趋qū步bù授shòu受shòu之zhī仪yí。帷wéi,幔màn也yě。薄báo,帘lián也yě。趋qū谓wèi行xíng而ér张zhāng足zú,疾jí趋qū而ér行xíng,敬jìng也yě。贵guì贱jiàn各gè有yǒu臣chén吏lì,故gù其qí敬jìng处chù亦yì各gè有yǒu远yuǎn近jìn也yě。《礼lǐ》:天tiān子zi外wài屏píng,诸zhū侯hóu内nèi屏píng,卿qīng大dà夫fū以yǐ帘lián,士shì以yǐ帷wéi。外wài屏píng,门mén外wài为wèi之zhī。内nèi屏píng,门mén内nèi为wèi之zhī。“邦bāng君jūn树shù塞sài门mén”是shì也yě。臣chén来lái朝cháo君jūn,至zhì屏píng而ér加jiā肃sù敬jìng,屏píng外wài不bù敬jìng,故gù不bù趋qū也yě。今jīn言yán“帷wéi薄báo”,谓wèi大dà夫fū士shì也yě。其qí外wài不bù趋qū,则zé内nèi可kě趋qū,为wèi敬jìng也yě。此cǐ帷wéi薄báo外wài不bù趋qū,谓wèi平píng常cháng法fǎ也yě。若ruò祭jì祀sì之zhī礼lǐ,《尔ěr雅yǎ》云yún:“室shì中zhōng谓wèi之zhī时shí,堂táng上shàng谓wèi之zhī行xíng,堂táng下xià谓wèi之zhī步bù,门mén外wài谓wèi之zhī趋qū,中zhōng庭tíng谓wèi之zhī走zǒu,大dà路lù谓wèi之zhī奔bēn。”知zhī《尔ěr雅yǎ》是shì祭jì祀sì者zhě,以yǐ《召zhào诰gào》云yún:“王wáng朝cháo步bù自zì周zhōu,则zé至zhì于yú丰fēng。”注zhù云yún:“告gào文wén主zhǔ庙miào。告gào文wén王wáng则zé告gào武wǔ王wáng可kě知zhī。”出chū庙miào入rù庙miào,不bù以yǐ远yuǎn为wèi文wén是shì也yě。若ruò迎yíng宾bīn,则zé《乐yuè师shī》云yún:“行xíng以yǐ《肆sì夏xià》,趋qū以yǐ《采cǎi齐qí》。”行xíng谓wèi大dà寝qǐn之zhī庭tíng至zhì路lù门mén,趋qū谓wèi路lù门mén至zhì应yìng门mén。○“堂táng上shàng不bù趋qū”者zhě,亦yì谓wèi不bù疾jí趋qū,堂táng上shàng迫pò狭xiá故gù也yě。下xià阶jiē则zé趋qū,故gù《论lún语yǔ》云yún:“没méi阶jiē,趋qū进jìn,翼yì如rú也yě。”然rán《论lún语yǔ》云yún是shì孔kǒng子zi见jiàn於yú君jūn也yě。“执zhí玉yù不bù趋qū”者zhě,执zhí玉yù须xū慎shèn,不bù论lùn堂táng之zhī上shàng下xià,皆jiē不bù疾jí趋qū也yě。若ruò张zhāng足zú疾jí趋qū,则zé或huò蹉cuō跌diē失shī玉yù,故gù不bù趋qū。注zhù云yún“《聘pìn礼lǐ》曰yuē:‘上shàng介jiè授shòu宾bīn玉yù於yú庙miào门mén外wài’”者zhě,引yǐn证zhèng宾bīn有yǒu执zhí玉yù於yú堂táng下xià时shí也yě。宾bīn当dāng进jìn聘pìn,故gù上shàng介jiè授shòu宾bīn玉yù於yú主zhǔ人rén庙miào门mén外wài,宾bīn执zhí玉yù进jìn入rù门mén内nèi,不bù疾jí趋qū而ér为wèi徐xú趋qū。徐xú趋qū者zhě,则zé《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún:“圈quān豚tún行xíng,不bù举jǔ足zú,齐qí如rú流liú。”注zhù云yún:“孔kǒng子zi执zhí圭guī则zé然rán也yě。”又yòu云yún:“执zhí龟guī玉yù,举jǔ前qián曳yè踵zhǒng,蹜sù蹜sù如rú也yě。”注zhù云yún:“著zhù徐xú趋qū之zhī事shì。”疾jí趋qū者zhě,则zé《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún:“疾jí趋qū则zé欲yù发fā,而ér手shǒu足zú母mǔ移yí。”注zhù云yún:“疾jí趋qū谓wèi直zhí行xíng也yě。疏shū数shù自zì若ruò,母mǔ移yí欲yù其qí直zhí且qiě正zhèng也yě。”“堂táng上shàng接jiē武wǔ”者zhě,武wǔ,迹jì也yě。既jì不bù欲yù疾jí趋qū,故gù迹jì相xiāng接jiē也yě。郑zhèng云yún:“每měi移yí足zú半bàn蹑niè之zhī。”王wáng云yún:“足zú相xiāng接jiē也yě。”庾yǔ云yún:“谓wèi接jiē则zé足zú连lián,非fēi半bàn也yě。”武wǔ迹jì相xiāng接jiē,谓wèi每měi移yí足zú半bàn蹑niè之zhī也yě。中zhōng人rén迹jì一yī尺chǐ二èr寸cùn,半bàn蹑niè之zhī,是shì每měi进jìn六liù寸cùn也yě。○“堂táng下xià布bù武wǔ”者zhě,郑zhèng谓wèi每měi移yí足zú各gè自zì成chéng迹jì,不bù半bàn相xiāng蹑niè,王wáng云yún:“谓wèi迹jì间jiān容róng足zú。”若ruò间jiān容róng足zú,则zé中zhōng武wǔ,王wáng说shuō非fēi也yě。○“授shòu立lì不bù跪guì”者zhě,谓wèi尊zūn者zhě立lì之zhī时shí,卑bēi者zhě以yǐ物wù授shòu尊zūn者zhě,不bù得dé跪guì,烦fán尊zūn者zhě俯fǔ俛fǔ。若ruò尊zūn者zhě形xíng短duǎn,虽suī卑bēi者zhě得dé跪guì以yǐ授shòu之zhī,故gù《少shǎo仪yí》云yún:“受shòu立lì,授shòu立lì不bù坐zuò,性xìng之zhī直zhí者zhě则zé有yǒu之zhī也yě。”注zhù云yún“尊zūn者zhě短duǎn则zé跪guì,不bù敢gǎn以yǐ长zhǎng临lín之zhī”是shì也yě。凡fán为wèi长zhǎng者zhě粪fèn之zhī礼lǐ,必bì加jiā帚zhǒu於yú箕jī上shàng,如rú是shì得dé两liǎng手shǒu奉fèng箕jī,恭gōng也yě。谓wèi初chū执zhí而ér往wǎng时shí也yě。《弟dì子zǐ职zhí》曰yuē:“执zhí箕jī膺yīng擖kā,厥jué中zhōng有yǒu帚zhǒu。”○为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,扌shou粪fèn,本běn又yòu作zuò粪fèn,徐xú音yīn奋fèn,扫sǎo席xí前qián曰yuē扌shou粪fèn。帚zhǒu,之zhī手shǒu反fǎn。箕jī音yīn基jī。膺yīng,於yú陵líng反fǎn。叶yè如rú字zì,箕jī舌shé。以yǐ袂mèi拘jū而ér退tuì,其qí尘chén不bù及jí长zhǎng者zhě,谓wèi埽sào时shí也yě。以yǐ袂mèi拥yōng帚zhǒu之zhī前qián,埽sào而ér却què行xíng之zhī。○袂mèi,武wǔ世shì反fǎn,衣yī袖xiù末mò。拘jū,古gǔ侯hóu反fǎn,徐xú音yīn俱jù。谓wèi扫sǎo,先xiān报bào反fǎn,又yòu先xiān早zǎo反fǎn。拥yōng,於yú勇yǒng反fǎn,以yǐ箕jī自zì乡xiāng而ér扱xī之zhī。扱xī读dú曰yuē吸xī,谓wèi收shōu粪fèn时shí也yě。箕jī去qù弃qì物wù,以yǐ乡xiāng尊zūn者zhě则zé不bù恭gōng。○扱xī依yī注zhù音yīn吸xī,许xǔ急jí反fǎn,敛liǎn也yě。去qù,丘qiū吕lǚ反fǎn,下xià注zhù同tóng。奉fèng席xí如rú桥qiáo衡héng。横héng奉fèng之zhī,令lìng左zuǒ昂áng右yòu低dī,如rú有yǒu首shǒu尾wěi然rán。桥qiáo,井jǐng上shàng《木mù挈qiè》槔gāo,衡héng上shàng低dī昂áng。○桥qiáo,居jū庙miào反fǎn。令lìng,力lì呈chéng反fǎn。卬áng,本běn又yòu作zuò昂áng,又yòu作zuò仰yǎng,同tóng,五wǔ刚gāng反fǎn,又yòu鱼yú丈zhàng反fǎn,下xià同tóng。《木mù挈qiè》,本běn又yòu作zuò契qì,又yòu作zuò絜jié,同tóng音yīn结jié。槔gāo,古gǔ毫háo反fǎn。絜jié皋gāo,依yī字zì作zuò桔jié槔gāo,见jiàn《庄zhuāng子zi》。请qǐng席xí何hé乡xiāng,请qǐng衽rèn何hé趾zhǐ。顺shùn尊zūn者zhě所suǒ安ān也yě。衽rèn,卧wò席xí也yě。坐zuò问wèn乡xiāng,卧wò问wèn趾zhǐ,因yīn於yú阴yīn阳yáng。○衽rèn,而ér审shěn反fǎn。趾zhǐ音yīn止zhǐ。席xí南nán乡xiāng北běi乡xiāng,以yǐ西xī方fāng为wèi上shàng;东dōng乡xiāng西xī乡xiāng,以yǐ南nán方fāng为wèi上shàng。布bù席xí无wú常cháng,此cǐ其qí顺shùn之zhī也yě。上shàng,谓wèi席xí端duān也yě。坐zuò在zài阳yáng则zé上shàng左zuǒ,坐zuò在zài阴yīn则zé上shàng右yòu。○坐zuò,才cái卧wò反fǎn,又yòu如rú字zì。[疏shū]“凡fán为wèi”至zhì“为wèi上shàng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng为wèi尊zūn者zhě埽sào除chú布bù席xí之zhī仪yí,各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。“必bì加jiā帚zhǒu於yú箕jī上shàng”者zhě,谓wèi初chū持chí箕jī往wǎng时shí也yě,以yǐ帚zhǒu加jiā置zhì箕jī上shàng,两liǎng手shǒu举jǔ箕jī也yě。。○注zhù“《弟dì子zǐ职zhí》曰yuē:执zhí箕jī膺yīng擖kā,厥jué中zhōng有yǒu帚zhǒu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:证zhèng加jiā帚zhǒu箕jī上shàng。《弟dì子zǐ职zhí》者zhě,《管guǎn子zi》之zhī书shū篇piān名míng也yě,其qí书shū述shù为wèi弟dì子zǐ职zhí也yě。膺yīng,胸xiōng前qián也yě。擖kā,箕jī舌shé也yě。厥jué,其qí也yě。言yán执zhí箕jī之zhī礼lǐ,以yǐ箕jī舌shé向xiàng胸xiōng而ér帚zhǒu置zhì於yú箕jī中zhōng,箕jī是shì弃qì物wù之zhī器qì,故gù不bù持chí乡xiāng尊zūn也yě。○“以yǐ袂mèi拘jū而ér退tuì”者zhě,谓wèi埽sào时shí也yě。袂mèi,衣yī袂mèi也yě。退tuì,迁qiān也yě。当dāng扫sǎo时shí,却què迁qiān以yǐ一yī手shǒu捉zhuō帚zhǒu,又yòu举jǔ一yī手shǒu衣yī袂mèi以yǐ拘jū障zhàng於yú帚zhǒu前qián,且qiě扫sǎo且qiě迁qiān,故gù云yún“拘jū而ér退tuì”。○“以yǐ箕jī自zì乡xiāng而ér扱xī之zhī”者zhě,扱xī,敛liǎn取qǔ也yě。谓wèi以yǐ箕jī自zì乡xiāng敛liǎn取qǔ粪fèn秽huì,亦yì不bù以yǐ箕jī乡xiāng尊zūn也yě。○注zhù“扱xī读dú曰yuē吸xī”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:必bì读dú扱xī为wèi吸xī者zhě,以yǐ其qí秽huì物wù少shǎo,吸xī然rán则zé尽jǐn,不bù得dé为wèi一yī扱xī再zài扱xī,故gù读dú从cóng吸xī也yě。○“奉fèng席xí如rú桥qiáo衡héng”者zhě,所suǒ奉fèng席xí席xí头tóu令lìng左zuǒ昂áng右yòu低dī,如rú桥qiáo之zhī衡héng。衡héng,横héng也yě。左zuǒ尊zūn故gù昂áng,右yòu卑bēi故gù垂chuí也yě。但dàn席xí舒shū则zé有yǒu首shǒu尾wěi,卷juǎn则zé无wú首shǒu尾wěi,此cǐ谓wèi卷juǎn席xí奉fèng之zhī法fǎ,故gù注zhù云yún“如rú有yǒu首shǒu尾wěi然rán”。言yán如rú有yǒu,则zé实shí无wú首shǒu尾wěi,至zhì於yú舒shū席xí之zhī时shí,则zé有yǒu首shǒu尾wěi,故gù《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》云yún:“莞guǎn席xí寻xún,卷juǎn自zì末mò。”注zhù云yún:“末mò,终zhōng也yě。”终zhōng则zé尾wěi也yě。○请qǐng席xí何hé乡xiāng,请qǐng衽rèn何hé趾zhǐ”者zhě,既jì奉fèng席xí来lái,当dāng随suí尊zūn者zhě所suǒ欲yù眠mián坐zuò也yě。席xí,坐zuò席xí也yě。乡xiāng,面miàn也yě。衽rèn,卧wò席xí也yě。趾zhǐ,足zú也yě。坐zuò为wèi阳yáng,面miàn亦yì阳yáng也yě,坐zuò故gù问wèn面miàn欲yù何hé所suǒ乡xiāng也yě。卧wò是shì阴yīn,足zú亦yì阴yīn也yě,卧wò故gù问wèn足zú欲yù何hé所suǒ趾zhǐ也yě。皆jiē从cóng尊zūn者zhě所suǒ安ān也yě。○注zhù“衽rèn,卧wò席xí也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《昏hūn礼lǐ》同tóng牢láo礼lǐ毕bì,将jiāng卧wò,云yún“御yù衽rèn於yú奥ào,媵yìng衽rèn良liáng席xí,有yǒu枕zhěn北běi趾zhǐ”,此cǐ是shì衽rèn为wèi卧wò席xí也yě。○“席xí南nán乡xiāng北běi乡xiāng,以yǐ西xī方fāng为wèi上shàng”者zhě,谓wèi东dōng西xī设shè席xí,南nán乡xiāng北běi乡xiāng,则zé以yǐ西xī方fāng为wèi上shàng头tou也yě。所suǒ以yǐ然rán者zhě,凡fán坐zuò随suí於yú阴yīn阳yáng,若ruò坐zuò在zài阳yáng则zé贵guì左zuǒ,坐zuò在zài阴yīn则zé贵guì右yòu,南nán坐zuò是shì阳yáng,其qí左zuǒ在zài西xī,北běi坐zuò是shì阴yīn,其qí右yòu亦yì在zài西xī也yě,俱jù以yǐ西xī方fāng为wèi上shàng。○“东dōng乡xiāng西xī乡xiāng,以yǐ南nán方fāng为wèi上shàng”者zhě,谓wèi南nán北běi设shè席xí,皆jiē以yǐ南nán方fāng为wèi上shàng者zhě。坐zuò在zài东dōng方fāng西xī乡xiāng,是shì在zài阳yáng,以yǐ南nán方fāng为wèi上shàng。坐zuò若ruò在zài西xī方fāng东dōng乡xiāng,是shì在zài阴yīn,亦yì以yǐ南nán方fāng为wèi上shàng,亦yì是shì坐zuò在zài阳yáng则zé上shàng左zuǒ,坐zuò在zài阴yīn则zé上shàng右yòu。此cǐ据jù平píng常cháng布bù席xí如rú此cǐ,若ruò礼lǐ席xí则zé不bù然rán。案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ礼lǐ注zhù》云yún:“宾bīn席xí牖yǒu前qián南nán面miàn,主zhǔ人rén席xí阼zuò阶jiē上shàng西xī面miàn,介jiè席xí西xī阶jiē上shàng东dōng面miàn。”与yǔ此cǐ不bù同tóng是shì也yě。若ruò非fēi饮yǐn食shí之zhī客kè,则zé布bù席xí,席xí间jiān函hán丈zhàng。谓wèi讲jiǎng问wèn之zhī客kè也yě。函hán犹yóu容róng也yě。讲jiǎng问wèn宜yí相xiāng对duì。容róng丈zhàng,足zú以yǐ指zhǐ画huà也yě。饮yǐn食shí之zhī客kè,布bù席xí於yú牖yǒu前qián。丈zhàng或huò为wèi杖zhàng。○函hán,胡hú南nán反fǎn。丈zhàng如rú字zì,丈zhàng尺chǐ之zhī丈zhàng,王wáng肃sù作zuò杖zhàng。画huà,胡hú麦mài反fǎn。牖yǒu,羊yáng九jiǔ反fǎn。○主zhǔ人rén跪guì正zhèng席xí,虽suī来lái讲jiǎng问wèn,犹yóu以yǐ客kè礼lǐ待dài之zhī,异yì於yú弟dì子zǐ。客kè跪guì抚fǔ席xí而ér辞cí。抚fǔ之zhī者zhě,答dá主zhǔ人rén之zhī亲qīn正zhèng。客kè彻chè重zhòng席xí,主zhǔ人rén固gù辞cí。彻chè,去qù也yě。去qù重zhòng席xí,谦qiān也yě。再zài辞cí曰yuē固gù。○重zhòng,直zhí龙lóng反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。再zài辞cí曰yuē固gù,一yī本běn作zuò“曰yuē固gù辞cí”。客kè践jiàn席xí,乃nǎi坐zuò。客kè安ān,主zhǔ人rén乃nǎi敢gǎn安ān也yě,讲jiǎng问wèn宜yí坐zuò。主zhǔ人rén不bù问wèn,客kè不bù先xiān举jǔ。客kè自zì外wài来lái,宜yí问wèn其qí安ān否fǒu无wú恙yàng,及jí所suǒ为wèi来lái故gù。○恙yàng,羊yáng尚shàng反fǎn,《尔ěr雅yǎ》云yún:“忧yōu也yě。”为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,不bù同tóng。将jiāng即jí席xí,容róng毋wú怍zuò。怍zuò,颜yán色sè变biàn也yě。○怍zuò,才cái洛luò反fǎn,惭cán也yě。两liǎng手shǒu抠kōu衣yī,去qù齐qí尺chǐ。齐qí谓wèi裳shang下xià缉jī也yě。○齐qí音yīn咨zī,注zhù同tóng,本běn又yòu作zuò斋zhāi。缉jī,七qī立lì反fǎn。衣yī毋wú拨bō,拨bō,发fā扬yáng貌mào。○拨bō,半bàn末mò反fǎn,发fā扬yáng。足zú毋wú蹶jué。蹶jué,行xíng遽jù貌mào。○蹶jué本běn又yòu作zuò蹶jué,居jū卫wèi反fǎn,又yòu求qiú月yuè反fǎn,行xíng急jí遽jù貌mào。遽jù,其qí据jù反fǎn。[疏shū]“若ruò非fēi”至zhì“毋wú蹶jué”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng客kè主zhǔ之zhī礼lǐ仪yí。云yún“若ruò非fēi饮yǐn食shí之zhī客kè”者zhě,饮yǐn食shí之zhī客kè,谓wèi来lái共gòng饮yǐn食shí者zhě。非fēi饮yǐn食shí客kè,谓wèi来lái讲jiǎng问wèn者zhě。布bù席xí,谓wèi舒shū之zhī令lìng相xiāng对duì。若ruò饮yǐn食shí之zhī客kè,不bù须xū相xiāng对duì。若ruò讲jiǎng问wèn之zhī客kè,布bù席xí相xiāng对duì,须xū讲jiǎng说shuō指zhǐ画huà,使shǐ相xiāng见jiàn也yě。○“席xí间jiān函hán丈zhàng”者zhě,函hán,容róng也yě。既jì来lái讲jiǎng说shuō,则zé所suǒ布bù两liǎng席xí,中zhōng间jiān相xiāng去qù使shǐ容róng一yī丈zhàng之zhī地dì,足zú以yǐ指zhǐ画huà也yě。《文wén王wáng世shì子zi》云yún:“侍shì坐zuò於yú大dà司sī成chéng,远yuǎn近jìn间jiān三sān席xí。”席xí之zhī制zhì,三sān尺chǐ三sān寸cùn三sān分fēn寸cùn之zhī一yī,则zé三sān席xí是shì一yī丈zhàng,故gù郑zhèng云yún容róng丈zhàng也yě。○注zhù“讲jiǎng问wèn”至zhì“为wèi杖zhàng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:凡fán饮yǐn食shí燕yàn飨xiǎng,则zé宾bīn位wèi在zài室shì外wài牖yǒu前qián,列liè筵yán南nán乡xiāng,不bù得dé布bù席xí相xiāng对duì。相xiāng对duì者zhě,唯wéi讲jiǎng说shuō之zhī客kè耳ěr。不bù在zài牖yǒu前qián,或huò在zài於yú室shì。云yún“丈zhàng或huò为wèi杖zhàng”者zhě,王wáng肃sù以yǐ为wéi杖zhàng,言yán古gǔ人rén讲jiǎng说shuō,用yòng杖zhàng指zhǐ画huà,故gù使shǐ容róng杖zhàng也yě。然rán二èr家jiā可kě会huì。○“主zhǔ人rén跪guì正zhèng席xí”者zhě,客kè虽suī来lái讲jiǎng问wèn,而ér主zhǔ人rén宜yí敬jìng,故gù跪guì而ér正zhèng席xí,示shì亲qīn客kè之zhī来lái也yě。虽suī来lái讲jiǎng问wèn,犹yóu以yǐ客kè礼lǐ待dài之zhī,异yì於yú弟dì子zǐ也yě。○“客kè跪guì抚fǔ席xí而ér辞cí”者zhě,抚fǔ谓wèi以yǐ手shǒu按àn止zhǐ之zhī也yě。客kè跪guì以yǐ手shǒu按àn止zhǐ於yú席xí而ér辞cí,不bù听tīng主zhǔ人rén之zhī正zhèng席xí也yě。抚fǔ之zhī者zhě,答dá主zhǔ人rén之zhī亲qīn正zhèng席xí也yě。○“客kè彻chè重zhòng席xí”者zhě,《礼lǐ器qì》云yún:“诸zhū侯hóu三sān重chóng,大dà夫fū再zài重zhòng。”又yòu《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ之zhī礼lǐ》:“公gōng三sān重chóng,大dà夫fū再zài重zhòng。”是shì尊zūn者zhě多duō,卑bēi者zhě少shǎo,故gù主zhǔ人rén为wéi客kè设shè多duō重zhòng席xí,客kè谦qiān而ér自zì彻chè也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén固gù辞cí”者zhě,固gù辞cí,再zài辞cí,止zhǐ客kè之zhī彻chè也yě。然rán尊zūn卑bēi有yǒu数shù,而ér客kè必bì彻chè之zhī者zhě,既jì言yán讲jiǎng说shuō,本běn以yǐ德dé义yì相xiāng接jiē,不bù以yǐ尊zūn卑bēi为wèi用yòng,故gù虽suī尊zūn犹yóu自zì彻chè也yě。“客kè践jiàn席xí”者zhě,践jiàn犹yóu履lǚ也yě。客kè起qǐ彻chè重zhòng席xí,主zhǔ人rén止zhǐ之zhī,故gù客kè还hái履lǚ席xí将jiāng坐zuò。○“乃nǎi坐zuò”者zhě,主zhǔ人rén待dài客kè坐zuò乃nǎi坐zuò也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén不bù问wèn,客kè不bù先xiān举jǔ”者zhě,举jǔ亦yì问wèn也yě。客kè从cóng外wài来lái,宜yí问wèn路lù中zhōng寒hán热rè无wú恙yàng。若ruò主zhǔ人rén未wèi问wèn,则zé客kè不bù可kě先xiān问wèn也yě。《尔ěr雅yǎ·释shì诂gǔ》云yún:“恙yàng,忧yōu也yě”。○“将jiāng即jí席xí,容róng无wú怍zuò”者zhě,此cǐ明míng弟dì子zǐ讲jiǎng问wèn初chū来lái之zhī法fǎ。即jí,就jiù也yě。怍zuò,颜yán色sè变biàn也yě。初chū将jiāng来lái就jiù席xí,颜yán色sè宜yí庄zhuāng,不bù得dé变biàn动dòng颜yán色sè。○“两liǎng手shǒu抠kōu衣yī,去qù齐qí尺chǐ”者zhě,抠kōu,提tí挈qiè也yě。衣yī谓wèi裳shang也yě。齐qí是shì裳shang下xià缉jī也yě。亦yì谓wèi将jiāng就jiù席xí之zhī时shí,以yǐ两liǎng手shǒu当dāng裳shang前qián提tí挈qiè裳shang使shǐ起qǐ,令lìng裳shang下xià缉jī去qù地dì一yī尺chǐ,恐kǒng衣yī长zhǎng转zhuǎn足zú蹑niè履lǚ之zhī。“足zú毋wú蹶jué”者zhě,蹶jué,行xíng急jí遽jù貌mào也yě,亦yì谓wèi客kè初chū至zhì之zhī时shí,勿wù得dé以yǐ为wéi行xíng遽jù,恐kǒng有yǒu蹶jué踬zhì之zhī貌mào也yě。先xiān生shēng书shū策cè琴qín瑟sè在zài前qián,坐zuò而ér迁qiān之zhī,戒jiè勿wù越yuè。广guǎng敬jìng也yě。在zài前qián,谓wèi当dāng行xíng之zhī前qián。○筴cè,本běn又yòu作zuò策cè,初chū革gé反fǎn,编biān简jiǎn也yě。虚xū坐zuò尽jǐn后hòu,谦qiān也yě。○尽jǐn,津jīn忍rěn反fǎn,后hòu放fàng此cǐ。食shí坐zuò尽jǐn前qián。为wèi汙wū席xí。○污wū,污wū辱rǔ之zhī污wū,又yòu一yī故gù反fǎn,后hòu放fàng此cǐ。坐zuò必bì安ān,执zhí尔ěr颜yán。执zhí犹yóu守shǒu也yě。长zhǎng者zhě不bù及jí,毋wú儳chán言yán。儳chán犹yóu暂zàn也yě,非fēi类lèi杂zá。○儳chán,徐xú仕shì鉴jiàn反fǎn,又yòu苍cāng鉴jiàn反fǎn,又yòu苍cāng陷xiàn反fǎn。正zhèng尔ěr容róng,听tīng必bì恭gōng,听tīng先xiān生shēng之zhī言yán,既jì说shuō又yòu敬jìng。○说shuō音yīn悦yuè。毋wú剿chāo说shuō,剿jiǎo犹yóu揽lǎn也yě,谓wèi取qǔ人rén之zhī说shuō以yǐ为wéi已yǐ说shuō。○剿jiǎo,初chū交jiāo反fǎn,一yī音yīn初chū教jiào反fǎn,揽lǎn取qǔ。说shuō如rú字zì,注zhù同tóng,徐xú舒shū锐ruì反fǎn。揽lǎn,徐xú力lì敢gǎn反fǎn。毋wú雷léi同tóng,雷léi之zhī发fā声shēng,物wù无wú不bù同tóng时shí应yīng者zhě,人rén之zhī言yán,当dāng各gè由yóu己jǐ,不bù当dàng然rán也yě。《孟mèng子zi》曰yuē:“人rén无wú是shì非fēi之zhī心xīn,非fēi人rén也yě。”○应yīng,应yìng对duì之zhī应yīng,下xià同tóng。必bì则zé古gǔ昔xī,称chēng先xiān王wáng。言yán必bì有yǒu依yī据jù。侍shì坐zuò於yú先xiān生shēng,先xiān生shēng问wèn焉yān,终zhōng则zé对duì。不bù敢gǎn错cuò乱luàn尊zūn者zhě之zhī言yán。○坐zuò,才cái卧wò反fǎn,后hòu放fàng此cǐ。请qǐng业yè则zé起qǐ,请qǐng益yì则zé起qǐ。尊zūn师shī重zhòng道dào也yě。起qǐ,若ruò今jīn抠kōu衣yī前qián请qǐng也yě。业yè谓wèi篇piān卷juǎn也yě。益yì谓wèi受shòu说shuō不bù了liǎo,欲yù师shī更gèng明míng说shuō之zhī。子zi路lù问wèn政zhèng,子zi曰yuē:“先xiān之zhī,劳láo之zhī。”请qǐng益yì,曰yuē:“无wú倦juàn。”○卷juǎn音yīn眷juàn,徐xú久jiǔ恋liàn反fǎn。父fù召zhào无wú“诺nuò”,先xiān生shēng召zhào无wú“诺nuò”,“唯wéi”而ér起qǐ。应yīng辞cí,唯wéi恭gōng於yú诺nuò。○唯wéi,于yú癸guǐ反fǎn,徐xú于yú比bǐ反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。侍shì坐zuò於yú所suǒ尊zūn敬jìng,毋wú馀yú席xí,必bì尽jǐn其qí所suǒ近jìn尊zūn者zhě之zhī端duān,为wèi有yǒu后hòu来lái者zhě。○为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,下xià“为wèi馔zhuàn”同tóng。见jiàn同tóng等děng不bù起qǐ。不bù为wèi私sī敬jìng。烛zhú至zhì起qǐ,异yì昼zhòu夜yè。食shí至zhì起qǐ,为wèi馔zhuàn变biàn。上shàng客kè起qǐ。敬jìng尊zūn者zhě。烛zhú不bú见jiàn跋bá。跋bá,本běn也yě。烛zhú尽jǐn则zé去qù之zhī,嫌xián若ruò烬jìn多duō有yǒu厌yàn倦juàn。○见jiàn,贤xián遍biàn反fǎn。跋bá,半bàn末mò反fǎn。去qù,起qǐ吕lǚ反fǎn。下xià“风fēng去qù”、“免miǎn去qù”同tóng。烬jìn,才cái信xìn反fǎn。厌yàn,於yú艳yàn反fǎn,下xià同tóng。尊zūn客kè之zhī前qián不bù叱chì狗gǒu。主zhǔ人rén於yú尊zūn客kè之zhī前qián不bù敢gǎn倦juàn,嫌xián若ruò风fēng去qù之zhī。○叱chì,尺chǐ质zhì反fǎn。狗gǒu,古gǔ口kǒu反fǎn。风fēng音yīn芳fāng凤fèng反fǎn,让ràng食shí不bù唾tuò。嫌xián有yǒu秽huì恶è。○唾tuò,吐tǔ卧wò反fǎn。秽huì,纡yū废fèi反fǎn,徐xú乌wū外wài反fǎn。恶è,乌wū路lù反fǎn。[疏shū]“先xiān生shēng”至zhì“不bù唾tuò”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng弟dì子zǐ事shì师shī、子zi事shì父fù之zhī礼lǐ,各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。○“先xiān生shēng书shū策cè”者zhě,策cè,篇piān简jiǎn也yě。坐zuò亦yì跪guì也yě,坐zuò通tōng名míng跪guì,跪guì名míng不bù通tōng坐zuò也yě。越yuè,逾yú也yě。弟dì子zǐ将jiāng行xíng,若ruò遇yù师shī诸zhū物wù或huò当dāng已yǐ前qián,则zé跪guì而ér迁qiān移yí之zhī,戒jiè慎shèn勿wù得dé逾yú越yuè。广guǎng敬jìng也yě。○“虚xū坐zuò尽jǐn后hòu”者zhě,凡fán坐zuò各gè有yǒu其qí法fǎ。虚xū,空kōng也yě。空kōng谓wèi非fēi饮yǐn食shí坐zuò也yě。尽jǐn后hòu,不bù敢gǎn近jìn前qián,以yǐ为wéi谦qiān也yě。《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún“徒tú坐zuò不bù尽jìn席xí尺chǐ”是shì也yě。“食shí坐zuò尽jǐn前qián”者zhě,谓wèi饮yǐn食shí坐zuò也yě。古gǔ者zhě地dì铺pù席xí,而ér俎zǔ豆dòu皆jiē陈chén於yú席xí前qián之zhī地dì,若ruò坐zuò近jìn后hòu则zé溅jiàn汙wū席xí,故gù尽jǐn前qián也yě。《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún“读dú书shū、食shí则zé齐qí豆dòu去qù席xí尺chǐ”是shì也yě。○“坐zuò必bì安ān”者zhě,凡fán坐zuò好hǎo自zì摇yáo动dòng,故gù戒jiè之zhī令lìng必bì安ān坐zuò。“执zhí尔ěr颜yán”者zhě,执zhí,守shǒu也yě。久jiǔ坐zuò好hǎo异yì,故gù必bì戒jiè之zhī宜yí如rú乡xiāng者zhě无wú作zuò颜yán容róng也yě。故gù注zhù云yún“执zhí犹yóu守shǒu也yě”。○“长zhǎng者zhě不bù及jí,毋wú儳chán言yán”者zhě,长zhǎng者zhě犹yóu先xiān生shēng也yě,互hù言yán耳ěr。及jí谓wèi所suǒ及jí之zhī事shì也yě。儳chán,暂zàn也yě。长zhǎng者zhě正zhèng论lùn甲jiǎ事shì,未wèi及jí乙yǐ事shì,少shǎo者zhě不bù得dé辄zhé以yǐ乙yǐ事shì杂zá甲jiǎ事shì,暂zàn然rán杂zá错cuò师shī长zhǎng之zhī说shuō。○“正zhèng尔ěr容róng”者zhě,正zhèng谓wèi矜jīn庄zhuāng也yě。方fāng受shòu先xiān生shēng之zhī道dào,当dāng正zhèng己jǐ矜jīn庄zhuāng也yě。颜yán、容róng通tōng语yǔ耳ěr。○“听tīng必bì恭gōng”者zhě,听tīng师shī长zhǎng之zhī说shuō,宜yí恭gōng敬jìng也yě。○“毋wú剿chāo说shuō”者zhě,语yǔ当dāng称chēng师shī友yǒu而ér言yán,无wú得dé揽lǎn取qǔ人rén之zhī说shuō以yǐ为wéi已yǐ语yǔ。○“毋wú雷léi同tóng”者zhě,凡fán为wéi人rén之zhī法fǎ,当dāng自zì立lì已yǐ心xīn,断duàn其qí是shì非fēi,不bù得dé闻wén他tā人rén之zhī语yǔ,辄zhé附fù而ér同tóng之zhī。若ruò闻wén而ér辄zhé同tóng,则zé似shì万wàn物wù之zhī生shēng,闻wén雷léi声shēng而ér应yīng,故gù云yún“毋wú雷léi同tóng”。但dàn雷léi之zhī发fā声shēng,物wù无wú不bù同tóng时shí而ér应yīng者zhě,人rén之zhī言yán当dāng各gè由yóu已yǐ,不bù当dàng然rán也yě。○“必bì则zé古gǔ昔xī”者zhě,则zé,法fǎ也yě。虽suī不bù雷léi同tóng,又yòu不bù得dé专zhuān辄zhé,故gù当dāng必bì法fǎ於yú古gǔ昔xī之zhī正zhèng。○“称chēng先xiān王wáng”者zhě,既jì法fǎ古gǔ昔xī,而ér所suǒ言yán之zhī事shì,必bì称chēng先xiān王wáng。先xiān王wáng,圣shèng人rén为wéi天tiān子zi者zhě也yě。如rú孔kǒng子zi说shuō《孝xiào经jīng》,称chēng“先xiān王wáng有yǒu至zhì德dé”也yě,言yán必bì有yǒu所suǒ依yī据jù。○注zhù“人rén之zhī”至zhì“人rén也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:人rén之zhī言yán评píng议yì是shì非fēi,须xū自zì出chū已yǐ情qíng,“不bù当dàng然rán”者zhě,“然rán”谓wèi如rú此cǐ也yě,谓wèi不bù当dàng如rú此cǐ,随suí附fù他tā意yì。《孟mèng子zi》云yún:“人rén无wú恻cè隐yǐn之zhī心xīn,非fēi人rén也yě。人rén无wú是shì非fēi之zhī心xīn,非fēi人rén也yě。”引yǐn之zhī者zhě,明míng是shì非fēi由yóu己jǐ,不bù可kě一yī同tóng馀yú人rén。“请qǐng益yì则zé起qǐ”者zhě,益yì谓wèi已yǐ受shòu说shuō而ér不bù解jiě了le,更gèng谘zī问wèn审shěn之zhī也yě,尊zūn师shī重zhòng道dào也yě。“起qǐ,若ruò今jīn抠kōu衣yī前qián请qǐng也yě”,汉hàn时shí受shòu学xué,有yǒu抠kōu衣yī前qián请qǐng之zhī法fǎ,故gù郑zhèng引yǐn证zhèng之zhī也yě。○注zhù“子zi路lù”至zhì“无wú倦juàn”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:子zi路lù受shòu师shī说shuō不bù了liǎo,故gù就jiù孔kǒng子zi请qǐng益yì也yě。案àn《论lún语yǔ》云yún,子zi路lù问wèn为wéi政zhèng之zhī道dào,孔kǒng子zi答dá云yún:“为wéi政zhèng先xiān行xíng恩ēn惠huì,后hòu乃nǎi可kě使shǐ人rén为wéi劳láo役yì。”子zi路lù嫌xián少shǎo,就jiù孔kǒng子zi更gèng请qǐng益yì。孔kǒng子zi答dá云yún:“但dàn勤qín行xíng前qián恩ēn惠huì之zhī事shì,无wú倦juàn怠dài则zé自zì足zú为wéi政zhèng。”引yǐn之zhī者zhě,证zhèng请qǐng益yì也yě。○注zhù“唯wéi恭gōng於yú诺nuò”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:父fù与yǔ先xiān生shēng呼hū召zhào称chēng唯wéi,唯wéi,134162;也yě,不bù得dé称chēng诺nuò。其qí称chēng诺nuò,则zé似shì宽kuān缓huǎn骄jiāo慢màn。但dàn今jīn人rén称chēng诺nuò,犹yóu古gǔ之zhī称chēng唯wéi,则zé其qí意yì急jí也yě。今jīn之zhī称chēng134162;,犹yóu古gǔ之zhī称chēng诺nuò,其qí意yì缓huǎn也yě,是shì今jīn古gǔ异yì也yě。○“侍shì坐zuò於yú所suǒ尊zūn敬jìng,毋wú馀yú席xí”者zhě,谓wèi先xiān生shēng坐zuò一yī席xí,己jǐ坐zuò一yī席xí,己jǐ必bì坐zuò於yú近jìn尊zūn者zhě之zhī端duān,勿wù得dé使shǐ近jìn尊zūn者zhě之zhī端duān更gèng有yǒu空kòng馀yú之zhī席xí。所suǒ以yǐ然rán者zhě,欲yù得dé亲qīn近jìn先xiān生shēng,似shì若ruò扶fú持chí然rán,备bèi拟nǐ先xiān生shēng顾gù问wèn,不bù可kě过guò远yuǎn,且qiě拟nǐ后hòu人rén之zhī来lái故gù阙quē其qí在zài下xià空kōng处chǔ以yǐ待dài之zhī。○“见jiàn同tóng等děng不bù起qǐ”者zhě,虽suī见jiàn己jǐ之zhī同tóng等děng后hòu来lái,不bù为wèi之zhī起qǐ,任rèn其qí坐zuò在zài下xià空kōng处chù。所suǒ以yǐ然rán者zhě,尊zūn敬jìng先xiān生shēng,不bù敢gǎn曲qū为wèi私sī敬jìng也yě。○“上shàng客kè起qǐ”者zhě,上shàng客kè谓wèi尊zūn者zhě之zhī上shàng客kè也yě。尊zūn者zhě见jiàn之zhī则zé起qǐ,故gù侍shì者zhě宜yí从cóng之zhī而ér起qǐ。然rán食shí与yǔ烛zhú至zhì起qǐ,则zé尊zūn者zhě不bù起qǐ。○“烛zhú不bú见jiàn跋bá”者zhě,《小xiǎo尔ěr雅yǎ》云yún:“跋bá,本běn也yě。”本běn,把bǎ处chù也yě。古gǔ者zhě未wèi有yǒu蜡là烛zhú,唯wéi呼hū火huǒ炬jù为wèi烛zhú也yě。火huǒ炬jù照zhào夜yè易yì尽jǐn,尽jǐn则zé藏cáng所suǒ然rán残cán本běn。所suǒ以yǐ尔ěr者zhě,若ruò积jī聚jù残cán本běn,客kè见jiàn之zhī,则zé知zhī夜yè深shēn,虑lǜ主zhǔ人rén厌yàn倦juàn,或huò欲yù辞cí退tuì也yě。故gù不bú见jiàn残cán本běn,恒héng如rú然rán未wèi尽jǐn也yě。○“尊zūn客kè之zhī前qián不bù叱chì狗gǒu”者zhě,若ruò有yǒu尊zūn客kè至zhì,而ér主zhǔ人rén叱chì骂mà於yú狗gǒu,则zé似shì厌yàn倦juàn其qí客kè欲yù去qù之zhī也yě。卑bēi客kè亦yì当dāng然rán,举jǔ尊zūn为wèi甚shèn。侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ,君jūn子zǐ欠qiàn伸shēn,撰zhuàn杖zhàng屦jù,视shì日rì蚤zǎo莫mò,侍shì坐zuò者zhě请qǐng出chū矣yǐ。以yǐ君jūn子zǐ有yǒu倦juàn意yì也yě。撰zhuàn犹yóu持chí也yě。○欠qiàn,丘qiū剑jiàn反fǎn。伸shēn音yīn身shēn。撰zhuàn,仕shì转zhuǎn反fǎn。屦jù,纪jì具jù反fǎn,下xià同tóng。蚤zǎo音yīn早zǎo,莫mò音yīn暮mù。侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ,君jūn子zǐ问wèn更gèng端duān,则zé起qǐ而ér对duì。离lí席xí对duì,敬jìng异yì事shì也yě,君jūn子zǐ必bì令lìng复fù坐zuò。○离lí,力lì智zhì反fǎn。令lìng,力lì呈chéng反fǎn。侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ,若ruò有yǒu告gào者zhě曰yuē:“少shǎo间jiān,原yuán有yǒu复fù也yě。”则zé左zuǒ右yòu屏píng而ér待dài。复fù,白bái也yě。言yán欲yù须xū少shǎo空kōng间jiān,有yǒu所suǒ白bái也yě。屏píng犹yóu退tuì也yě,隐yǐn也yě。○间jiān音yīn闲xián,注zhù同tóng。。○毋wú侧cè听tīng,嫌xián探tàn人rén之zhī私sī也yě。侧cè听tīng,耳ěr属shǔ於yú垣yuán。○探tàn音yīn贪tān。属shǔ,之zhī玉yù反fǎn。垣yuán音yīn袁yuán。毋wú噭jiào应yīng,毋wú淫yín视shì,毋wú怠dài荒huāng。游yóu毋wú倨jù,立lì毋wú跛bǒ,坐zuò毋wú箕jī,寝qǐn毋wú伏fú。敛liǎn发fā毋wú髢dí,冠guān毋wú免miǎn,劳láo毋wú袒tǎn,暑shǔ毋wú褰qiān裳shang。皆jiē为wèi其qí不bù敬jìng。噭jiào,号hào呼hū之zhī声shēng也yě。淫yín视shì,睇dì眄miǎn也yě。怠dài荒huāng,放fàng散sàn身shēn体tǐ也yě。跛bǒ,偏piān任rèn也yě。伏fú,覆fù也yě。髢dí,髲bì也yě,毋wú垂chuí馀yú如rú髲bì也yě。免miǎn,去qù也yě。褰qiān,袪qū也yě。髢dí或huò为wèi肄yì。○噭jiào,古gǔ吊diào反fǎn。视shì如rú字zì,徐xú巿fú志zhì反fǎn。倨jù音yīn据jù。跛bǒ,彼bǐ义yì反fǎn,又yòu波bō我wǒ反fǎn,徐xú方fāng寄jì反fǎn。髢dí,徒tú细xì反fǎn,发fā垂chuí如rú髲bì。袒tǎn,徒tú旱hàn反fǎn,露lù也yě。褰qiān,起qǐ连lián反fǎn。为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,下xià“为wèi妨fáng”、“为wèi于yú”、“皆jiē为wèi”、“为wèi其qí”、“为wèi后hòu”同tóng。号hào,户hù高gāo反fǎn,本běn又yòu作zuò啼tí字zì。呼hū,火huǒ故gù反fǎn,又yòu如rú字zì,睇dì,大dà计jì反fǎn。眄miǎn,莫mò遍biàn反fǎn。覆fù,芳fāng伏fú反fǎn。髲bì,皮pí义yì反fǎn。袪qū,丘qiū鱼yú反fǎn。肄yì,以yǐ二èr反fǎn,馀yú也yě。[疏shū]“侍shì坐zuò”至zhì“褰qiān裳shang”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng卑bēi者zhě事shì君jūn子zǐ之zhī礼lǐ。○“君jūn子zǐ欠qiàn伸shēn”者zhě,君jūn子zǐ志zhì疲pí则zé欠qiàn,体tǐ疲pí则zé伸shēn。“撰zhuàn杖zhàng屦jù”者zhě,则zé君jūn子zǐ自zì执zhí杖zhàng在zài坐zuò,著zhù屦jù升shēng堂táng,脱tuō之zhī在zài侧cè,若ruò倦juàn则zé自zì撰zhuàn持chí之zhī也yě。○“视shì日rì蚤zǎo莫mò”者zhě,君jūn子zǐ或huò瞻zhān视shì其qí庭tíng影yǐng,望wàng日rì蚤zǎo晚wǎn也yě。○“侍shì坐zuò者zhě请qǐng出chū矣yǐ”者zhě,礼lǐ,卑bēi者zhě贱jiàn者zhě请qǐng进jìn不bù请qǐng退tuì,退tuì由yóu尊zūn者zhě,是shì以yǐ《论lún语yǔ》云yún:“杖zhàng者zhě出chū,斯sī出chū矣yǐ。”不bù敢gǎn自zì专zhuān。今jīn若ruò见jiàn尊zūn者zhě为wèi上shàng诸zhū事shì,皆jiē是shì欲yù起qǐ之zhī渐jiàn,故gù侍shì坐zuò者zhě得dé请qǐng出chū矣yǐ。○“侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ”者zhě,此cǐ又yòu明míng卑bēi侍shì尊zūn,事shì异yì於yú上shàng,故gù又yòu言yán侍shì坐zuò也yě。○“君jūn子zǐ问wèn更gèng端duān”者zhě,更gèng端duān,别bié事shì也yě,谓wèi向xiàng语yǔ已yǐ毕bì,更gèng问wèn他tā事shì。“则zé起qǐ而ér对duì”者zhě,事shì异yì宜yí新xīn更gèng敬jìng,又yòu起qǐ对duì也yě。○“侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ”者zhě,此cǐ亦yì卑bēi事shì於yú尊zūn,所suǒ明míng既jì异yì,故gù更gèng言yán侍shì坐zuò。○“若ruò有yǒu告gào者zhě曰yuē:少shǎo间jiān,原yuán有yǒu复fù也yě”者zhě,间jiān谓wèi清qīng闲xián也yě。复fù,白bái也yě。卑bēi者zhě正zhèng侍shì坐zuò於yú君jūn子zǐ,而ér忽hū有yǒu一yī人rén来lái告gào君jūn子zǐ云yún:“欲yù得dé君jūn子zǐ少shǎo时shí无wú事shì清qīng闲xián,己jǐ原yuán有yǒu所suǒ白bái也yě。”○“则zé左zuǒ右yòu屏píng而ér待dài”者zhě,屏píng,退tuì也yě。侍shì者zhě闻wén告gào欲yù有yǒu所suǒ白bái,则zé当dāng各gè自zì屏bǐng退tuì,左zuǒ右yòu避bì之zhī,不bù得dé远yuǎn也yě。○“毋wú侧cè听tīng”者zhě,此cǐ已yǐ下xià亦yì是shì侍shì君jūn子zǐ之zhī法fǎ。凡fán人rén宜yí当dāng正zhèng立lì,不bù得dé倾qīng欹yī侧cè听tīng人rén之zhī语yǔ,嫌xián探tàn人rén之zhī私sī,故gù注zhù云yún:“侧cè听tīng,耳ěr属shǔ於yú垣yuán。”若ruò侧cè听tīng,则zé耳ěr属shǔ於yú垣yuán壁bì,听tīng旁páng人rén私sī言yán也yě。○“毋wú噭jiào应yīng”者zhě,噭jiào谓wèi声shēng响xiǎng高gāo急jí,如rú叫jiào之zhī号hào呼hū也yě。应yìng答dá宜yí徐xú徐xú而ér和hé,不bù得dé高gāo急jí也yě。○“毋wú淫yín视shì”者zhě,淫yín谓wèi流liú移yí也yě。目mù当dāng直zhí瞻zhān视shì,不bù得dé流liú动dòng邪xié盻xì也yě。○“毋wú怠dài荒huāng”者zhě,谓wèi身shēn体tǐ放fàng纵zòng,不bù自zì拘jū敛liǎn也yě。○“游yóu毋wú倨jù”者zhě,游yóu,行xíng也yě。倨jù,慢màn也yě。身shēn当dāng恭gōng谨jǐn,不bù得dé倨jù慢màn也yě。○“立lì毋wú跛bǒ”者zhě,跛bǒ,偏piān也yě,谓wèi挈qiè举jǔ一yī足zú,一yī足zú蹋tà地dì立lì。宜yí如rú齐qí,双shuāng足zú并bìng立lì,不bù得dé偏piān也yě。○“坐zuò毋wú箕jī”者zhě,箕jī谓wèi舒shū展zhǎn两liǎng足zú,状zhuàng如rú箕jī舌shé也yě。○“寝qǐn毋wú伏fú”者zhě,寝qǐn,卧wò也yě。伏fú,覆fù也yě。卧wò当dāng或huò侧cè或huò仰yǎng而ér不bù覆fù也yě。○“敛liǎn发fā毋wú髢dí”者zhě,髢dí,髲bì也yě,垂chuí如rú髲bì也yě。古gǔ人rén重zhòng发fā,以yǐ纚lí韬tāo之zhī,不bù使shǐ垂chuí也yě。○“冠guān毋wú免miǎn”者zhě,免miǎn,脱tuō也yě。常cháng著zhù在zài首shǒu,不bù可kě脱tuō也yě。○“劳láo毋wú袒tǎn”者zhě,袒tǎn,露lù也yě。虽suī有yǒu疲pí劳láo之zhī事shì,厌yàn患huàn其qí衣yī,而ér不bù得dé袒tǎn露lù身shēn体tǐ。○“暑shǔ毋wú褰qiān裳shang”者zhě,暑shǔ虽suī炎yán热rè,而ér不bù得dé褰qiān袪qū取qǔ凉liáng也yě。然rán上shàng诸zhū事shì条tiáo目mù,诫jiè侍shì者zhě左zuǒ右yòu屏píng隐yǐn之zhī人rén也yě。既jì屏píng隐yǐn,好hǎo生shēng上shàng事shì,或huò私sī觇chān清qīng闲xián,或huò隔gé尊zūn自zì恣zì,故gù宜yí兼jiān戒jiè,亦yì可kě通tōng戒jiè为wéi人rén之zhī法fǎ也yě。侍shì坐zuò於yú长zhǎng者zhě,屦jù不bù上shàng於yú堂táng,屦jù贱jiàn,空kōng则zé不bù陈chén於yú尊zūn者zhě之zhī侧cè。○上shàng,时shí掌zhǎng反fǎn。解jiě屦jù不bù敢gǎn当dāng阶jiē。为wèi妨fáng后hòu升shēng者zhě。○妨fáng音yīn芳fāng。就jiù屦jù,跪guì而ér举jǔ之zhī,屏píng於yú侧cè。谓wèi独dú退tuì也yě。就jiù犹yóu著zhù也yě。屏píng亦yì不bù当dàng阶jiē。○著zhù,丁dīng略lüè反fǎn。乡xiāng长cháng者zhě而ér屦jù,跪guì而ér迁qiān屦jù,俯fǔ而ér纳nà屦jù。谓wèi长zhǎng者zhě送sòng之zhī也yě。不bù得dé屏píng迁qiān之zhī而ér已yǐ。俯fǔ,俛fǔ也yě。纳nà,内nèi也yě。迁qiān或huò为wèi还hái。[疏shū]“侍shì坐zuò”至zhì“纳nà屦jù”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng解jiě屦jù著zhù屦jù之zhī法fǎ,事shì异yì於yú上shàng,故gù别bié言yán侍shì坐zuò也yě。“屦jù不bù上shàng於yú堂táng”者zhě,长zhǎng者zhě在zài堂táng,而ér侍shì者zhě屦jù贱jiàn,故gù脱tuō於yú阶jiē下xià,不bù著zhù上shàng堂táng。若ruò长zhǎng者zhě在zài室shì,则zé侍shì者zhě得dé著zhù屦jù上shàng堂táng,而ér不bù得dé入rù室shì,户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù是shì也yě。或huò云yún悉xī不bù得dé上shàng也yě。户hù外wài有yǒu二èr屦jù,是shì狎xiá客kè,非fēi须xū摈bìn通tōng也yě。○“解jiě屦jù不bù敢gǎn当dāng阶jiē”者zhě,解jiě,脱tuō也yě。屦jù既jì不bù上shàng於yú堂táng,故gù解jiě之zhī於yú阶jiē下xià也yě。谓wèi脱tuō为wèi解jiě者zhě,案àn《内nèi则zé》云yún:“屦jù著zhù綦qí。”郑zhèng云yún:“綦qí,履lǚ系xì也yě。”又yòu《冠guàn礼lǐ》云yún:“黑hēi屦jù青qīng絇qú。”郑zhèng云yún:“絇qú之zhī言yán拘jū也yě。以yǐ为wéi行xíng戒jiè,状zhuàng如rú刀dāo衣yī,鼻bí在zài屦jù头tóu。”案àn《内nèi则zé注zhù》有yǒu屦jù系xì之zhī文wén,《冠guàn礼lǐ》有yǒu“絇qú如rú刀dāo衣yī,鼻bí在zài屦jù头tóu及jí行xíng戒jiè之zhī间jiān”,故gù师shī说shuō云yún:“用yòng物wù穿chuān屦jù头tóu为wèi絇qú,相xiāng连lián为wèi行xíng戒jiè也yě。”今jīn云yún“解jiě屦jù”是shì解jiě系xì也yě。故gù《隐yǐn义yì》云yún:“古gǔ者zhě屦jù头tóu鼻bí綦qí绳shéng相xiāng连lián结jié之zhī,将jiāng升shēng堂táng解jiě之zhī也yě。”“不bù敢gǎn当dāng阶jiē”者zhě,谓wèi人rén与yǔ屦jù并bìng不bù当dàng阶jiē,侧cè就jiù阶jiē边biān而ér解jiě。若ruò留liú屦jù置zhì阶jiē道dào,为wèi妨fáng后hòu升shēng也yě。“就jiù屦jù,跪guì而ér举jǔ之zhī”者zhě,此cǐ侍shì者zhě或huò独dú暂zàn退tuì时shí取qǔ屦jù法fǎ也yě。就jiù犹yóu著zhù也yě。初chū升shēng时shí解jiě置zhì阶jiē侧cè,今jīn下xià著zhù之zhī,先xiān往wǎng阶jiē侧cè,跪guì举jǔ取qǔ之zhī,故gù云yún“就jiù屦jù,跪guì而ér举jǔ之zhī”。○“屏píng於yú侧cè”者zhě,屏píng,退tuì也yě,退tuì不bù当dàng阶jiē也yě。○“乡xiāng长cháng者zhě而ér屦jù”者zhě,此cǐ明míng少shǎo者zhě礼lǐ毕bì退tuì去qù,为wèi长zhǎng者zhě所suǒ送sòng之zhī法fǎ也yě。既jì为wèi长zhǎng者zhě所suǒ送sòng,则zé於yú阶jiē侧cè跪guì取qǔ屦jù,稍shāo移yí之zhī,面miàn乡xiāng长cháng者zhě而ér著zhù之zhī,故gù云yún“乡xiāng长cháng者zhě而ér屦jù”。○“跪guì而ér迁qiān屦jù”者zhě,迁qiān,徙xǐ也yě。就jiù阶jiē侧cè跪guì取qǔ,稍shāo移yí近jìn前qián。○“俯fǔ而ér纳nà屦jù”者zhě,纳nà,内nèi也yě。既jì取qǔ,因yīn俯fǔ身shēn向xiàng长zhǎng者zhě而ér内nèi足zú著zhù之zhī。不bù跪guì者zhě,若ruò跪guì则zé足zú向xiàng后hòu不bù便biàn,故gù俯fǔ也yě。虽suī不bù并bìng跪guì,亦yì坐zuò左zuǒ纳nà右yòu,坐zuò右yòu纳nà左zuǒ耳ěr。离lí坐zuò离lí立lì,毋wú往wǎng参cān焉yān。离lí立lì者zhě不bù出chū中zhōng间jiān。为wèi干gàn人rén私sī也yě。离lí,两liǎng也yě。○男nán女nǚ不bù杂zá坐zuò,不bù同tóng椸yí枷jiā,不bù同tóng巾jīn栉zhì,不bù亲qīn授shòu。嫂sǎo叔shū不bù通tōng问wèn,诸zhū母mǔ不bù漱shù裳shang。外wài言yán不bù入rù於yú梱kǔn,内nèi言yán不bù出chū於yú梱kǔn。女nǚ子zǐ许xǔ嫁jià,缨yīng,非fēi有yǒu大dà故gù,不bù入rù其qí门mén。姑gū、姊zǐ、妹mèi女nǚ子zǐ子zi已yǐ嫁jià而ér反fǎn,兄xiōng弟dì弗fú与yǔ同tóng席xí而ér坐zuò,弗fú与yǔ同tóng器qì而ér食shí。皆jiē为wèi重zhòng别bié,防fáng淫yín乱luàn,不bù杂zá坐zuò,谓wèi男nán子zi在zài堂táng,女nǚ子zǐ在zài房fáng也yě。椸yí,可kě以yǐ枷jiā衣yī者zhě,通tōng问wèn谓wèi相xiāng称chèn谢xiè也yě。诸zhū母mǔ,庶shù母mǔ也yě。漱shù,浣huàn也yě。庶shù母mǔ贱jiàn,可kě使shǐ漱shù衣yī,不bù可kě使shǐ漱shù裳shang。裳shang贱jiàn,尊zūn之zhī者zhě亦yì所suǒ以yǐ远yuǎn别bié。外wài言yán、内nèi言yán,男nán女nǚ之zhī职zhí也yě。不bù出chū入rù者zhě,不bù以yǐ相xiāng问wèn也yě。梱kǔn,门mén限xiàn也yě。女nǚ子zǐ许xǔ嫁jià系xì缨yīng,有yǒu从cóng人rén之zhī端duān也yě。大dà故gù,宫gōng中zhōng有yǒu灾zāi变biàn,若ruò疾jí病bìng,乃nǎi后hòu入rù也yě。女nǚ子zǐ有yǒu宫gōng者zhě,亦yì谓wèi由yóu命mìng士shì以yǐ上shàng也yě。《春chūn秋qiū传chuán》曰yuē:“群qún公gōng子zi之zhī舍shě,则zé已yǐ卑bēi矣yǐ。”女nǚ子zǐ十shí年nián而ér不bù出chū嫁jià,及jí成chéng人rén可kě以yǐ出chū矣yǐ。犹yóu不bù与yǔ男nán子zi共gòng席xí而ér坐zuò,亦yì远yuǎn别bié也yě。○椸yí,羊yáng支zhī反fǎn,衣yī架jià也yě。枷jiā本běn又yòu作zuò架jià,徐xú音yīn稼jià,古gǔ本běn无wú此cǐ字zì。栉zhì,侧cè乙yǐ反fǎn。嫂sǎo,字zì又yòu作zuò14062;,素sù早zǎo反fǎn。漱shù,悉xī侯hóu反fǎn。梱kǔn,本běn又yòu作zuò阃kǔn,苦kǔ本běn反fǎn。别bié,彼bǐ列liè反fǎn,下xià及jí注zhù同tóng。浣huàn,户hù管guǎn反fǎn。父fù子zǐ不bù同tóng席xí。异yì尊zūn卑bēi也yě。男nán女nǚ非fēi有yǒu行xíng媒méi,不bù相xiāng知zhī名míng。见jiàn媒méi往wǎng来lái传chuán昏hūn姻yīn之zhī言yán,乃nǎi相xiāng知zhī姓xìng名míng。○媒méi音yīn梅méi。不bù相xiāng知zhī,本běn或huò作zuò“不bù相xiāng知zhī名míng”,名míng,衍yǎn字zì耳ěr。传chuán,直zhí专zhuān反fǎn。非fēi受shòu币bì,不bù交jiāo不bù亲qīn。重zhòng别bié有yǒu礼lǐ,乃nǎi相xiāng缠chán固gù。故gù日rì月yuè以yǐ告gào君jūn,《周zhōu礼lǐ》凡fán取qǔ判pàn妻qī入rù子zi者zhě,媒méi氏shì书shū之zhī以yǐ告gào君jūn,谓wèi此cǐ也yě。○判pàn,普pǔ叛pàn反fǎn。齐qí戒jiè以yǐ告gào鬼guǐ神shén,《昏hūn礼lǐ》凡fán受shòu女nǚ之zhī礼lǐ,皆jiē於yú庙miào为wèi神shén席xí以yǐ告gào鬼guǐ神shén,谓wèi此cǐ也yě。○齐qí,侧cè皆jiē反fǎn。为wèi酒jiǔ食shí以yǐ召zhào乡xiāng党dǎng僚liáo友yǒu,会huì宾bīn客kè也yě。以yǐ厚hòu其qí别bié也yě。厚hòu,重zhòng慎shèn也yě。取qǔ妻qī不bù取qǔ同tóng姓xìng,故gù买mǎi妾qiè不bù知zhī其qí姓xìng,则zé卜bo之zhī。为wèi其qí近jìn禽qín兽shòu也yě。妾qiè贱jiàn,或huò时shí非fēi媵yìng,取qǔ之zhī於yú贱jiàn者zhě,世shì无wú本běn系xì。○取qǔ,七qī住zhù反fǎn,本běn亦yì作zuò娶qǔ,下xià“贺hè取qǔ妻qī”同tóng。媵yìng,羊yáng证zhèng反fǎn,又yòu绳shéng证zhèng反fǎn。系xì音yīn计jì,又yòu音yīn户hù计jì反fǎn。寡guǎ妇fù之zhī子zi,非fēi有yǒu见jiàn焉yān,弗fú与yǔ为wèi友yǒu。辟pì嫌xián也yě。有yǒu见jiàn,谓wèi有yǒu奇qí才cái卓zhuó然rán,众zhòng人rén所suǒ知zhī。○见jiàn,贤xián遍biàn反fǎn。辟pì音yīn避bì,本běn亦yì作zuò避bì,下xià同tóng,馀yú皆jiē放fàng此cǐ。[疏shū]“离lí坐zuò”至zhì“为wèi友yǒu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié总zǒng明míng不bù干gàn人rén私sī并bìng远yuǎn嫌xián之zhī法fǎ,今jīn各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。○“离lí坐zuò离lí立lì”,离lí,两liǎng也yě。若ruò见jiàn彼bǐ或huò二èr人rén并bìng坐zuò,或huò两liǎng人rén并bìng立lì,既jì唯wéi二èr人rén,恐kǒng密mì有yǒu所suǒ论lùn,则zé已yǐ不bù得dé辄zhé往wǎng参cān预yù也yě。○“离lí立lì者zhě不bù出chū中zhōng间jiān”者zhě,又yòu若ruò见jiàn有yǒu二èr人rén并bìng立lì当dāng己jǐ行xíng路lù,则zé避bì之zhī,不bù得dé辄zhé当dāng其qí中zhōng间jiān出chū也yě。不bù云yún离lí坐zuò者zhě,道dào路lù中zhōng非fēi安ān坐zuò之zhī地dì,故gù不bù云yún坐zuò也yě。识shí与yǔ不bù识shí,通tōng如rú此cǐ也yě。○注zhù“离lí,两liǎng也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《易yì·象xiàng》云yún:“明míng两liǎng作zuò离lí。”是shì离lí为wèi两liǎng也yě。○“男nán女nǚ”至zhì“而ér食shí”。○“不bù亲qīn授shòu”者zhě,男nán女nǚ有yǒu物wù,不bù亲qīn相xiāng授shòu也yě。《内nèi则zé》云yún:“非fēi祭jì非fēi丧sàng,不bù相xiāng授shòu器qì。其qí相xiāng授shòu,则zé女nǚ授shòu以yǐ篚fěi。无wú篚fěi,则zé皆jiē坐zuò奠diàn之zhī而ér后hòu取qǔ之zhī。”○“诸zhū母mǔ不bù漱shù裳shang”者zhě,诸zhū母mǔ谓wèi父fù之zhī诸zhū妾qiè有yǒu子zi者zhě。漱shù,浣huàn也yě。诸zhū母mǔ贱jiàn,乃nǎi可kě使shǐ漱shù浣huàn盛shèng服fú,而ér不bù可kě使shǐ漱shù裳shang。裳shang,卑bēi亵xiè也yě,欲yù尊zūn崇chóng於yú兄xiōng弟dì之zhī母mǔ,故gù不bù可kě使shǐ漱shù裳shang耳ěr,又yòu欲yù远yuǎn别bié也yě。○“外wài言yán不bù入rù於yú梱kǔn”者zhě,外wài言yán,男nán职zhí也yě。梱kǔn,门mén限xiàn也yě。男nán职zhí在zài於yú官guān政zhèng,各gè有yǒu其qí限xiàn域yù,不bù得dé令lìng妇fù人rén预yù之zhī,故gù云yún“外wài言yán不bù入rù於yú梱kǔn”也yě。○“内nèi言yán不bù出chū於yú梱kǔn”者zhě,内nèi言yán,女nǚ职zhí也yě。女nǚ职zhí谓wèi织zhī纴rèn,男nán子zi不bù得dé滥làn预yù,故gù云yún“不bù出chū梱kǔn”也yě。○“女nǚ子zǐ许xǔ嫁jià,缨yīng”者zhě,女nǚ子zǐ,妇fù人rén通tōng称chēng也yě。不bú要yào对duì文wén,故gù不bù重zhòng云yún子zi也yě。妇fù人rén质zhì弱ruò,不bù能néng自zì固gù,必bì有yǒu系xì属shǔ,故gù恒héng系xì缨yīng。缨yīng有yǒu二èr时shí,一yī是shì少shǎo时shí常cháng佩pèi香xiāng缨yīng,二èr是shì许xǔ嫁jià时shí系xì缨yīng,此cǐ则zé为wèi许xǔ嫁jià时shí系xì缨yīng。何hé以yǐ知zhī然rán者zhě?《内nèi则zé》云yún:“男nán女nǚ未wèi冠guān笄jī,紟jīn缨yīng。”郑zhèng以yǐ为wéi佩pèi香xiāng缨yīng,不bù云yún缨yīng之zhī形xíng制zhì,此cǐ云yún许xǔ嫁jià“有yǒu从cóng人rén之zhī端duān也yě”。又yòu《婚hūn礼lǐ》:“主zhǔ人rén入rù,亲qīn说shuō妇fù缨yīng。”郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“妇fù人rén十shí五wǔ许xǔ嫁jià,笄jī而ér礼lǐ之zhī,因yīn著zhù缨yīng,明míng有yǒu系xì也yě。盖gài以yǐ五wǔ采cǎi为wèi之zhī,其qí制zhì未wèi闻wén。”又yòu《内nèi则zé》云yún:“妇fù事shì舅jiù姑gū,紟jīn缨yīng。”郑zhèng云yún:“妇fù人rén有yǒu缨yīng,示shì系xì属shǔ也yě。”以yǐ此cǐ而ér言yán,故gù知zhī有yǒu二èr缨yīng也yě。但dàn妇fù人rén之zhī紟jīn缨yīng即jí是shì五wǔ采cǎi者zhě,故gù郑zhèng云yún:“示shì系xì属shǔ也yě。”今jīn此cǐ“许xǔ嫁jià”谓wèi十shí五wǔ时shí。○“非fēi有yǒu大dà故gù,不bù入rù其qí门mén”者zhě,大dà故gù谓wèi丧sàng病bìng之zhī属shǔ也yě。女nǚ子zǐ巳sì许xǔ嫁jià,则zé有yǒu宫gōng门mén,列liè为wèi成chéng人rén。唯wéi有yǒu丧sàng病bìng等děng,乃nǎi可kě入rù其qí门mén,非fēi大dà故gù,则zé不bù入rù门mén也yě。○“女nǚ子zǐ子zi”者zhě,谓wèi已yǐ嫁jià女nǚ子zǐ子zi,是shì己jǐ之zhī女nǚ,不bù直zhí云yún“女nǚ子zǐ”,而ér云yún“女nǚ子zǐ子zi”者zhě,凡fán男nán子zǐ女nǚ子zi皆jiē是shì父fù生shēng,同tóng为wèi父fù之zhī子zi,男nán子zi则zé单dān称chēng子zi,女nǚ子zǐ则zé重zhòng言yán子zi者zhě,案àn郑zhèng注zhù《丧sāng服fú》云yún:“重zhòng言yán女nǚ子zǐ子zi,是shì别bié於yú男nán子zi,故gù云yún女nǚ子zǐ子zi。”○“兄xiōng弟dì弗fú与yǔ同tóng席xí而ér坐zuò”者zhě,虽suī已yǐ嫁jià,及jí成chéng人rén,犹yóu宜yí别bié席xí,不bù云yún侄zhí及jí父fù,唯wéi云yún兄xiōng弟dì者zhě,侄zhí父fù尊zūn卑bēi,礼lǐ殊shū不bù嫌xián也yě。○“弗fú与yǔ同tóng器qì而ér食shí”者zhě,熊xióng氏shì以yǐ为wéi不bù得dé传chuán同tóng器qì,未wèi嫁jià亦yì然rán。今jīn嫌xián嫁jià或huò有yǒu异yì於yú未wèi出chū,故gù明míng之zhī,皆jiē为wèi重zhòng别bié,防fáng淫yín乱luàn也yě。○注zhù“不bù杂zá”至zhì“别bié也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:谓wèi男nán子zi在zài堂táng,女nǚ子zǐ在zài房fáng也yě。○熊xióng氏shì云yún:“谓wèi若ruò大dà宗zōng收shōu族zú,宗zōng子zi燕yàn食shí族zú人rén於yú堂táng,宗zōng子zi之zhī妇fù燕yàn食shí族zú妇fù於yú房fáng也yě。”○注zhù“《春chūn秋qiū传chuán》曰yuē:群qún公gōng子zi之zhī舍shě,则zé已yǐ卑bēi矣yǐ。”引yǐn《公gōng羊yáng传chuán》证zhèng女nǚ子zǐ有yǒu别bié宫gōng也yě。庄zhuāng元yuán年nián“秋qiū,筑zhù王wáng姬jī之zhī馆guǎn於yú外wài”,《公gōng羊yáng传chuán》曰yuē:“路lù寝qǐn则zé不bù可kě,小xiǎo寝qǐn则zé嫌xián。群qún公gōng子zi之zhī舍shě,则zé以yǐ卑bēi矣yǐ。”何hé休xiū云yún:“路lù寝qǐn是shì君jūn听tīng事shì之zhī处chù,不bù可kě嫁jià他tā女nǚ。小xiǎo寝qǐn是shì夫fū人rén所suǒ居jū,天tiān王wáng女nǚ宜yí远yuǎn别bié,不bù可kě住zhù也yě。”“群qún公gōng子zi之zhī舍shě,则zé以yǐ卑bēi矣yǐ”者zhě,群qún公gōng子zi是shì鲁lǔ侯hóu之zhī诸zhū女nǚ也yě。鲁lǔ侯hóu女nǚ宫gōng为wèi卑bēi,不bù可kě处chù王wáng女nǚ也yě。何hé休xiū又yòu云yún:“当dāng筑zhù夫fū人rén宫gōng下xià,群qún公gōng子zi宫gōng上shàng。”《公gōng羊yáng》以yǐ为wéi筑zhù宫gōng於yú外wài,非fēi礼lǐ也yě。《左zuǒ氏shì》以yǐ为wéi筑zhù宫gōng於yú外wài,礼lǐ也yě。郑zhèng康kāng成chéng亦yì以yǐ为wéi筑zhù宫gōng当dāng於yú宫gōng外wài是shì也yě。○“男nán女nǚ非fēi有yǒu行xíng媒méi,不bù相xiāng知zhī名míng”者zhě,相xiāng知zhī男nán女nǚ名míng者zhě,先xiān须xū媒méi氏shì行xíng传chuán昏hūn姻yīn之zhī意yì,后hòu乃nǎi知zhī名míng,见jiàn媒méi往wǎng来lái,传chuán婚hūn姻yīn之zhī言yán,乃nǎi相xiāng知zhī姓xìng名míng也yě。故gù《婚hūn礼lǐ》有yǒu六liù礼lǐ,二èr曰yuē问wèn名míng。○“非fēi受shòu币bì,不bù交jiāo不bù亲qīn”者zhě,币bì谓wèi聘pìn之zhī玄xuán纁xūn束shù帛bó也yě。先xiān须xū礼lǐ币bì,然rán后hòu可kě交jiāo亲qīn也yě。○“故gù日rì月yuè以yǐ告gào君jūn”者zhě,既jì男nán女nǚ须xū辨biàn,故gù妇fù来lái,则zé书shū取qǔ妇fù之zhī年nián月yuè日rì时shí,以yǐ告gào国guó君jūn也yě。注zhù“《周zhōu礼lǐ》凡fán取qǔ判pàn妻qī入rù子zi者zhě,媒méi氏shì书shū之zhī以yǐ告gào君jūn,谓wèi此cǐ也yě”。引yǐn《媒méi氏shì职zhí》,证zhèng必bì书shū告gào君jūn也yě。妻qī是shì判pàn合hé,故gù云yún判pàn也yě。“入rù子zi”者zhě,郑zhèng康kāng成chéng注zhù云yún:“入rù子zi者zhě,谓wèi容róng媵yìng及jí绖dié娣dì不bù聘pìn者zhě也yě。”妾qiè既jì非fēi判pàn合hé,但dàn广guǎng其qí子zi胤yìn而ér已yǐ,故gù云yún“入rù子zi”。○“齐qí戒jiè以yǐ告gào鬼guǐ神shén”者zhě,并bìng厚hòu重zhòng远yuǎn别bié也yě。”齐qí戒jiè谓wèi嫁jià女nǚ之zhī家jiā受shòu於yú六liù礼lǐ,并bìng在zài於yú庙miào布bù席xí告gào先xiān祖zǔ也yě。明míng女nǚ是shì先xiān祖zǔ之zhī遗yí体tǐ,不bù可kě专zhuān辄zhé许xǔ人rén。而ér取qǔ妇fù之zhī家jiā,父fù命mìng子zi亲qīn迎yíng,乃nǎi并bìng自zì齐qí絜jié,但dàn在zài已yǐ寝qǐn,不bù在zài庙miào也yě。所suǒ以yǐ尔ěr者zhě,《白bái虎hǔ通tōng》云yún:“娶qǔ妻qī不bù告gào庙miào者zhě,示shì不bù必bì人rén女nǚ也yě。”然rán夫fū家jiā若ruò无wú父fù母mǔ,则zé三sān月yuè庙miào见jiàn,亦yì是shì告gào鬼guǐ神shén,故gù云yún“齐qí戒jiè以yǐ告gào鬼guǐ神shén”。○注zhù“昏hūn礼lǐ”至zhì“此cǐ也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《婚hūn礼lǐ》:“纳nà采cǎi,主zhǔ人rén筵yán於yú户hù西xī,西xī上shàng右yòu几jǐ。”注zhù:“为wèi神shén布bù席xí,将jiāng以yǐ先xiān祖zǔ之zhī遗yí体tǐ许xǔ人rén,不bù敢gǎn不bù告gào。”《婚hūn礼lǐ》又yòu云yún:“受shòu诸zhū礼lǐ於yú庙miào而ér设shè几jǐ筵yán也yě。”○“故gù买mǎi妾qiè不bù知zhī,其qí姓xìng则zé卜bo之zhī”。○熊xióng氏shì云yún:“卜bo者zhě卜bo吉jí凶xiōng。既jì不bù知zhī其qí姓xìng,但dàn卜bo吉jí,则zé取qǔ之zhī。”义yì或huò然rán也yě。○注zhù“为wèi其qí”至zhì“本běn系xì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《郊jiāo特tè牲shēng》云yún:“无wú别bié无wú义yì,禽qín兽shòu之zhī道dào。”此cǐ不bù取qǔ同tóng姓xìng,为wèi其qí近jìn禽qín兽shòu故gù也yě。云yún“妾qiè贱jiàn,或huò时shí非fēi媵yìng,取qǔ之zhī於yú贱jiàn者zhě”,如rú诸zhū侯hóu取qǔ一yī国guó之zhī女nǚ,则zé二èr国guó同tóng姓xìng以yǐ侄zhí娣dì媵yìng。媵yìng,送sòng也yě。妾qiè送sòng嫡dí行xíng,则zé明míng知zhī姓xìng氏shì,大dà夫fū士shì取qǔ亦yì各gè有yǒu妾qiè媵yìng。或huò时shí非fēi此cǐ媵yìng类lèi,取qǔ於yú贱jiàn者zhě,不bù知zhī何hé姓xìng之zhī后hòu,则zé世shì无wú本běn系xì,但dàn卜bo得dé吉jí者zhě取qǔ之zhī。○“寡guǎ妇fù之zhī子zi,非fēi有yǒu见jiàn焉yān,弗fú与yǔ为wèi友yǒu”者zhě,明míng避bì嫌xián也yě。见jiàn谓wèi奇qí才cái卓zhuó异yì可kě见jiàn也yě。寡guǎ妇fù无wú夫fū,若ruò其qí子zi有yǒu奇qí才cái异yì行xíng者zhě,则zé己jǐ可kě与yǔ之zhī为wèi友yǒu。若ruò此cǐ子zi凡fán庸yōng,而ér己jǐ与yǔ其qí往wǎng来lái,则zé於yú寡guǎ妇fù有yǒu嫌xián也yě。是shì以yǐ郑zhèng注zhù:“有yǒu见jiàn,谓wèi奇qí才cái卓zhuó然rán,众zhòng人rén所suǒ知zhī也yě。”贺hè取qǔ妻qī者zhě,曰yuē:“某mǒu子zi使shǐ某mǒu,闻wén子zi有yǒu客kè,使shǐ某mǒu羞xiū。”谓wèi不bù在zài宾bīn客kè之zhī中zhōng,使shǐ人rén往wǎng者zhě。羞xiū,进jìn也yě,言yán进jìn於yú客kè。古gǔ者zhě谓wèi候hòu为wèi进jìn,其qí礼lǐ盖gài壶hú酒jiǔ、束shù脩xiū若ruò犬quǎn也yě。不bù斥chì主zhǔ人rén,昏hūn礼lǐ不bù贺hè。[疏shū]“贺hè取qǔ”至zhì“羞xiū”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:谓wèi亲qīn朋péng友yǒu有yǒu昏hūn,己jǐ有yǒu事shì碍ài不bù得dé自zì往wǎng,而ér遣qiǎn人rén往wǎng也yě。案àn《郊jiāo特tè牲shēng》云yún:“昏hūn礼lǐ不bù贺hè,人rén之zhī序xù也yě。”此cǐ云yún贺hè者zhě,闻wén彼bǐ昏hūn而ér送sòng筐kuāng篚fěi,将jiāng奉fèng淳chún意yì,身shēn实shí不bù在zài为wèi贺hè,故gù云yún贺hè,而ér其qí辞cí则zé不bù称chēng贺hè。“曰yuē某mǒu子zi使shǐ某mǒu”者zhě,此cǐ使shǐ者zhě辞cí也yě。“某mǒu子zi”者zhě,贺hè者zhě名míng。“使shǐ某mǒu”者zhě,使shǐ自zì称chēng名míng也yě。言yán彼bǐ使shǐ我wǒ来lái也yě。○“闻wén子zi有yǒu客kè”者zhě,“闻wén子zi”,呼hū娶qǔ妻qī者zhě为wèi子zi也yě。昏hūn礼lǐ既jì不bù称chēng贺hè,故gù云yún“闻wén子zi有yǒu客kè”也yě。客kè者zhě,乡xiāng党dǎng僚liáo友yǒu之zhī属shǔ也yě。○“使shǐ某mǒu羞xiū”者zhě,“某mǒu”是shì使shǐ者zhě名míng也yě。羞xiū,进jìn也yě。子zi既jì召zhào宾bīn客kè,或huò须xū饮yǐn食shí,故gù使shǐ我wǒ将jiāng此cǐ酒jiǔ食shí以yǐ与yǔ子zi进jìn宾bīn客kè。○注zhù“谓wèi不bù”至zhì“不bù贺hè”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:羞xiū,进jìn也yě,言yán进jìn於yú客kè也yě。“古gǔ者zhě谓wèi候hòu为wèi进jìn”者zhě,证zhèng呼hū送sòng礼lǐ为wèi进jìn,候hòu犹yóu进jìn也yě。古gǔ时shí谓wèi迎yíng客kè为wèi进jìn,汉hàn时shí谓wèi迎yíng客kè为wèi候hòu,此cǐ记jì是shì古gǔ法fǎ,故gù饮yǐn食shí与yǔ彼bǐ迎yíng接jiē呼hū为wèi进jìn也yě。郑zhèng注zhù《周zhōu礼lǐ·候hòu人rén》云yún“候hòu,候hòu迎yíng宾bīn客kè之zhī来lái”是shì也yě。云yún“其qí礼lǐ盖gài壶hú酒jiǔ、束shù脩xiū若ruò犬quǎn也yě”者zhě,言yán於yú礼lǐ物wù用yòng壶hú酒jiǔ及jí束shù脩xiū。束shù脩xiū,十shí脡tǐng脯pú也yě。若ruò无wú脯pú,则zé壶hú酒jiǔ及jí一yī犬quǎn,故gù云yún“若ruò犬quǎn”也yě。《少shǎo仪yí》云yún:“其qí以yǐ乘chéng壶hú酒jiǔ、束shù脩xiū、一yī犬quǎn赐cì人rén。若ruò献xiàn人rén,则zé陈chén酒jiǔ执zhí脩xiū以yǐ将jiāng命mìng。”是shì酒jiǔ脩xiū献xiàn人rén之zhī法fǎ也yě。此cǐ贺hè用yòng酒jiǔ,或huò亦yì四sì壶hú也yě。云yún“不bù斥chì主zhǔ人rén,昏hūn礼lǐ不bù贺hè”者zhě,解jiě所suǒ以yǐ不bù云yún贺hè主zhǔ人rén昏hūn,而ér云yún有yǒu客kè之zhī义yì,主zhǔ人rén有yǒu嗣sì代dài之zhī序xù,故gù不bù斥chì云yún贺hè也yě。贫pín者zhě不bù以yǐ货huò财cái为wèi礼lǐ,老lǎo者zhě不bù以yǐ筋jīn力lì为wèi礼lǐ。礼lǐ许xǔ俭jiǎn,不bù非fēi无wú也yě。年nián五wǔ十shí始shǐ杖zhàng,八bā十shí拜bài君jūn命mìng,一yī坐zuò再zài至zhì。○筋jīn音yīn斤jīn。名míng子zi者zhě不bù以yǐ国guó,不bù以yǐ日rì月yuè,不bù以yǐ隐yǐn疾jí,不bù以yǐ山shān川chuān。此cǐ在zài常cháng语yǔ之zhī中zhōng,为wèi后hòu难nán讳huì也yě。《春chūn秋qiū传chuán》曰yuē:“名míng,终zhōng将jiāng讳huì之zhī。”隐yǐn疾jí,衣yī中zhōng之zhī疾jí也yě,谓wèi若ruò“黑hēi臀tún”、“黑hēi肱gōng”矣yǐ。疾jí在zài外wài者zhě,虽suī不bù得dé言yán,尚shàng可kě指zhǐ摘zhāi。此cǐ则zé无wú时shí可kě辟pì,俗sú语yǔ云yún:“隐yǐn疾jí难nán为wéi医yī。”○臀tún,徒tú孙sūn反fǎn。摘zhāi,徐xú吐tǔ历lì反fǎn,或huò音yīn的de。医yī,於yú其qí反fǎn。[疏shū]“名míng子zi”至zhì“山shān川chuān”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng与yǔ子zi造zào名míng字zì之zhī法fǎ,各gè依yī文wén解jiě之zhī。○“名míng子zi者zhě不bù以yǐ国guó”者zhě,不bù以yǐ本běn国guó为wèi名míng,故gù杜dù氏shì注zhù《春chūn秋qiū》桓huán六liù年nián传chuán云yún:“不bù以yǐ本běn国guó为wèi名míng。”如rú是shì他tā国guó,即jí得dé为wèi名míng,故gù桓huán十shí二èr年nián卫wèi侯hóu晋jìn卒zú,襄xiāng十shí五wǔ年nián晋jìn侯hóu周zhōu卒zú是shì也yě。○“不bù以yǐ日rì月yuè”者zhě,不bù以yǐ甲jiǎ乙yǐ丙bǐng丁dīng为wèi名míng。殷yīn家jiā得dé以yǐ为wéi名míng者zhě,殷yīn质zhì,不bù讳huì名míng故gù也yě。然rán案àn《春chūn秋qiū》鲁lǔ僖xī公gōng名míng申shēn,蔡cài庄zhuāng公gōng名míng甲jiǎ午wǔ者zhě,周zhōu末mò乱luàn世shì,不bù能néng如rú礼lǐ,或huò以yǐ为wéi不bù以yǐ日rì月yuè二èr字zì为wèi名míng也yě。○“不bù以yǐ隐yǐn疾jí”者zhě,谓wèi不bù以yǐ体tǐ上shàng幽yōu隐yǐn之zhī处chù疾jí病bìng为wèi名míng。○注zhù“谓wèi若ruò黑hēi臀tún、黑hēi肱gōng矣yǐ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn宣xuān二èr年nián,晋jìn“使shǐ赵zhào穿chuān迎yíng公gōng子zi黑hēi臀tún於yú周zhōu而ér立lì之zhī”。《周zhōu语yǔ》单dān子zi云yún:“吾wú闻wén晋jìn成chéng公gōng之zhī生shēng,梦mèng神shén规guī其qí臀tún以yǐ黑hēi,使shǐ有yǒu晋jìn国guó,此cǐ天tiān所suǒ命mìng也yě。”有yǒu由yóu而ér得dé为wèi名míng。昭zhāo元yuán年nián楚chǔ公gōng子zi黑hēi肱gōng,昭zhāo三sān十shí一yī年nián邾zhū黑hēi肱gōng得dé为wèi名míng,或huò亦yì有yǒu由yóu,或huò乱luàn世shì而ér不bù能néng如rú礼lǐ。云yún“名míng,终zhōng将jiāng讳huì之zhī”者zhě,案àn桓huán六liù年nián“九jiǔ月yuè丁dīng卯mǎo,子zi同tóng生shēng,公gōng问wèn名míng於yú申shēn繻xū,申shēn繻xū对duì曰yuē:‘名míng有yǒu五wǔ,有yǒu信xìn,有yǒu义yì,有yǒu象xiàng,有yǒu假jiǎ,有yǒu类lèi。以yǐ名míng生shēng为wèi信xìn。’”杜dù注zhù云yún:“若ruò唐táng叔shū虞yú、鲁lǔ公gōng子zi友yǒu”;“以yǐ德dé命mìng为wèi义yì”,“若ruò文wén王wáng名míng昌chāng,武wǔ王wáng名míng发fā”;“以yǐ类lèi命mìng为wèi象xiàng”,“若ruò仲zhòng尼ní首shǒu象xiàng尼ní丘qiū”;“取qǔ於yú物wù为wèi假jiǎ”,“若ruò伯bó鱼yú生shēng,人rén有yǒu馈kuì之zhī鱼yú,因yīn名míng之zhī曰yuē鲤lǐ”;“取qǔ於yú父fù为wèi类lèi”,若ruò鲁lǔ庄zhuāng公gōng与yǔ桓huán公gōng同tóng日rì生shēng,名míng之zhī曰yuē同tóng也yě。按àn传chuán文wén云yún:“不bù以yǐ官guān,不bù以yǐ畜chù牲shēng,不bù以yǐ器qì币bì。”此cǐ《记jì》文wén略lüè耳ěr。传chuán云yún:“以yǐ官guān则zé废fèi职zhí,以yǐ山shān川chuān则zé废fèi主zhǔ,以yǐ畜chù牲shēng则zé废fèi祀sì,以yǐ器qì币bì则zé废fèi礼lǐ。晋jìn以yǐ僖xī侯hóu废fèi司sī徒tú,宋sòng以yǐ武wǔ公gōng废fèi司sī空kōng,先xiān君jūn献xiàn武wǔ废fèi二èr山shān。”杜dù注zhù云yún,司sī徒tú改gǎi为wéi中zhōng军jūn,司sī空kōng改gǎi为wéi司sī城chéng。鲁lǔ献xiàn公gōng名míng具jù,武wǔ公gōng名míng敖áo,按àn《国guó语yǔ》:“范fàn献xiàn子zi聘pìn鲁lǔ,问wèn具jù敖áo之zhī山shān,鲁lǔ人rén以yǐ乡xiāng名míng对duì。献xiàn子zi云yún:‘何hé不bù云yún具jù敖áo乎hū?’对duì曰yuē:‘先xiān君jūn献xiàn武wǔ之zhī所suǒ讳huì也yě。’”此cǐ等děng所suǒ以yǐ皆jiē为wèi名míng者zhě,以yǐ其qí不bù能néng如rú礼lǐ,故gù申shēn繻xū言yán之zhī。周zhōu人rén以yǐ讳huì事shì神shén者zhě,谓wèi周zhōu人rén讳huì神shén之zhī名míng而ér事shì神shén,其qí名míng终zhōng没méi,为wèi神shén之zhī后hòu,将jiāng须xū讳huì之zhī,故gù不bù可kě以yǐ为wéi名míng也yě。男nán女nǚ异yì长zhǎng。各gè自zì为wèi伯bó、季jì也yě。男nán子zi二èr十shí,冠guān而ér字zì,成chéng人rén矣yǐ,敬jìng其qí名míng。○冠guān,古gǔ乱luàn反fǎn。父fù前qián子zi名míng,君jūn前qián臣chén名míng。对duì至zhì尊zūn,无wú大dà小xiǎo皆jiē相xiāng名míng。女nǚ子zǐ许xǔ嫁jià,笄jī而ér字zì。以yǐ许xǔ嫁jià为wèi成chéng人rén。○笄jī,古gǔ兮xī反fǎn。[疏shū]“男nán女nǚ”至zhì“而ér字zì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié明míng男nán女nǚ冠guān笄jī名míng字zì之zhī法fǎ,各gè依yī文wén解jiě之zhī。○“男nán女nǚ异yì长zhǎng”者zhě,按àn《冠guàn礼lǐ》加jiā字zì之zhī时shí,“伯bó某mǒu甫fǔ,仲zhòng叔shū季jì,唯wéi其qí所suǒ当dāng”。又yòu《檀tán弓gōng》云yún:“幼yòu名míng冠guān字zì,五wǔ十shí以yǐ伯bó仲zhòng。”知zhī女nǚ子zǐ亦yì各gè自zì为wèi叔shū季jì者zhě,《春chūn秋qiū》隐yǐn公gōng二èr年nián“伯bó姬jī归guī于yú纪jì”,隐yǐn七qī年nián“叔shū姬jī归guī于yú纪jì”是shì也yě。《礼lǐ纬wěi·含hán文wén嘉jiā》云yún:“文wén家jiā称chēng叔shū,质zhì家jiā称chēng仲zhòng。”以yǐ此cǐ言yán之zhī,则zé周zhōu有yǒu管guǎn叔shū、蔡cài叔shū之zhī属shǔ是shì文wén家jiā,故gù称chēng叔shū也yě。《礼lǐ纬wěi》又yòu云yún:“嫡dí长zhǎng称chēng伯bó,庶shù长zhǎng称chēng孟mèng。”○“君jūn前qián臣chén名míng”者zhě,成chéng十shí六liù年nián鄢yān陵líng之zhī战zhàn,公gōng陷xiàn于yú淖nào,栾luán书shū欲yù载zài晋jìn侯hóu,针zhēn曰yuē:“书shū退tuì。”针zhēn是shì书shū之zhī子zi,对duì晋jìn侯hóu而ér称chēng书shū,是shì於yú君jūn前qián臣chén名míng其qí父fù也yě。  凡fán进jìn食shí之zhī礼lǐ,左zuǒ殽xiáo右yòu胾zì。食shí居jū人rén之zhī左zuǒ,羹gēng居jū人rén之zhī右yòu。皆jiē便biàn食shí也yě。殽xiáo,骨gǔ体tǐ也yě。胾zì,切qiè肉ròu也yě。食shí,饭fàn属shǔ也yě。居jū人rén左zuǒ右yòu,明míng其qí近jìn也yě。殽xiáo在zài俎zǔ,胾zì在zài豆dòu。○殽xiáo,户hù交jiāo反fǎn,熟shú肉ròu有yǒu骨gǔ曰yuē殽xiáo。胾zì,侧cè吏lì反fǎn,大dà脔luán。食shí音yīn嗣sì,饭fàn也yě,注zhù“食shí,饭fàn属shǔ”同tóng,徐xú音yīn自zì。羹gēng,古gǔ衡héng反fǎn,旧jiù音yīn衡héng。便biàn音yīn婢bì面miàn反fǎn,下xià同tóng。近jìn如rú字zì。脍kuài炙zhì处chù外wài,醯xī酱jiàng处chù内nèi。殽xiáo胾zì之zhī外wài内nèi也yě。近jìn醯xī酱jiàng者zhě,食shí之zhī主zhǔ。脍kuài炙zhì皆jiē在zài豆dòu。○脍kuài,古gǔ外wài反fǎn。炙zhì,章zhāng夜yè反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。醢hǎi,徐xú音yīn海hǎi,本běn又yòu作zuò醯xī,呼hū兮xī反fǎn。酱jiàng,子zi匠jiàng反fǎn。葱cōng15615;处chù末mò,15615;,烝zhēng葱cōng也yě,处chù醯xī酱jiàng之zhī左zuǒ。言yán末mò者zhě,殊shū加jiā也yě。15615;在zài豆dòu。○15615;,以yǐ制zhì反fǎn。烝zhēng,之zhī承chéng反fǎn。酒jiǔ浆jiāng处chù右yòu。处chù羹gēng之zhī右yòu,此cǐ言yán若ruò酒jiǔ若ruò浆jiāng耳ěr。两liǎng有yǒu之zhī,则zé左zuǒ酒jiǔ右yòu浆jiāng。此cǐ大dà夫fū、士shì与yǔ宾bīn客kè燕yàn食shí之zhī礼lǐ,其qí礼lǐ食shí,则zé宜yí放fàng《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún。○浆jiāng,子zi羊yáng反fǎn,字zì亦yì作zuò将jiāng。燕yàn,本běn亦yì作zuò宴yàn,於yú遍biàn反fǎn。放fàng,方fāng两liǎng反fǎn。公gōng食shí音yīn嗣sì,此cǐ《仪yí礼lǐ》篇piān名míng也yě,后hòu放fàng此cǐ,下xià文wén及jí注zhù“执zhí食shí”同tóng。以yǐ脯pú脩xiū置zhì者zhě,左zuǒ朐qú右yòu末mò。亦yì便biàn食shí也yě。屈qū中zhōng曰yuē朐qú。○朐qú,其qí俱jù反fǎn。客kè若ruò降jiàng等děng,执zhí食shí兴xīng辞cí。辞cí者zhě,辞cí主zhǔ人rén之zhī临lín己jǐ食shí,若ruò欲yù食shí於yú堂táng下xià然rán。主zhǔ人rén兴xīng,辞cí於yú客kè,然rán后hòu客kè坐zuò。复fù坐zuò。主zhǔ人rén延yán客kè祭jì。延yán,道dào也yě。祭jì,祭jì先xiān也yě,君jūn子zǐ有yǒu事shì,不bù忘wàng本běn也yě。客kè不bù降jiàng等děng则zé先xiān祭jì。○客kè祭jì,礼lǐ:饮yǐn食shí必bì祭jì,示shì有yǒu所suǒ先xiān也yě。干gàn宝bǎo注zhù《周zhōu礼lǐ》云yún:“祭jì五wǔ行xíng六liù阴yīn之zhī神shén,与yǔ人rén起qǐ居jū。”道dào音yīn导dǎo。祭jì食shí,祭jì所suǒ先xiān进jìn。主zhǔ人rén所suǒ先xiān进jìn先xiān祭jì之zhī,所suǒ后hòu进jìn后hòu祭jì之zhī,如rú其qí次cì。殽xiáo之zhī序xù,徧biàn祭jì之zhī。谓wèi胾zì、炙zhì、脍kuài也yě,以yǐ其qí本běn出chū於yú牲shēng体tǐ也yě。《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》:“鱼yú、腊là、湆qì、酱jiàng不bù祭jì也yě。”○徧biàn音yīn遍biàn,下xià注zhù同tóng。腊là音yīn昔xī。湆qì音yīn泣qì。三sān饭fàn,主zhǔ人rén延yán客kè食shí胾zì,然rán后hòu辩biàn殽xiáo。先xiān食shí胾zì,后hòu食shí殽xiáo。殽xiáo,尊zūn也yě。凡fán食shí殽xiáo,辨biàn於yú肩jiān,食shí肩jiān则zé饱bǎo也yě。○饭fàn,扶fú晚wǎn反fǎn,下xià注zhù“礼lǐ饭fàn以yǐ手shǒu”同tóng。依yī字zì书shū,食shí旁páng作zuò卞biàn,扶fú万wàn反fǎn;食shí旁páng作zuò反fǎn,符fú晚wǎn反fǎn,二èr字zì不bù同tóng,今jīn则zé混hùn之zhī,故gù随suí俗sú而ér音yīn此cǐ字zì。辨biàn音yīn遍biàn,下xià同tóng,主zhǔ人rén未wèi辩biàn,客kè不bù虚xū口kǒu。俟qí主zhǔ人rén也yě。虚xū口kǒu,谓wèi酳yìn也yě。客kè自zì敌dí以yǐ上shàng,其qí酳yìn不bù待dài主zhǔ人rén饱bǎo,主zhǔ人rén不bù先xiān饱bǎo也yě。○酳yìn音yīn胤yìn,又yòu士shì觐jìn反fǎn,嗽sòu口kǒu也yě;以yǐ酒jiǔ曰yuē酳yìn,以yǐ水shuǐ曰yuē漱shù。[疏shū]“凡fán进jìn”至zhì“虚xū口kǒu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié推tuī明míng饮yǐn食shí之zhī法fǎ也yě。各gè随suí文wén解jiě之zhī。今jīn此cǐ明míng卿qīng大dà夫fū与yǔ客kè燕yàn食shí之zhī礼lǐ。○“左zuǒ殽xiáo右yòu胾zì”者zhě,熟shú肉ròu带dài骨gǔ而ér脔luán曰yuē殽xiáo,纯chún肉ròu切qiè之zhī曰yuē胾zì,骨gǔ是shì阳yáng,故gù在zài左zuǒ。肉ròu是shì阴yīn,故gù在zài右yòu。○“食shí居jū人rén之zhī左zuǒ,羹gēng居jū人rén之zhī右yòu”者zhě,食shí饭fàn燥zào为wèi阳yáng,故gù居jū左zuǒ;羹gēng湿shī是shì阴yīn,故gù右yòu设shè之zhī,并bìng在zài殽xiáo胾zì之zhī内nèi。○注zhù“皆jiē便biàn”至zhì“在zài豆dòu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“皆jiē便biàn食shí也yě”者zhě,此cǐ中zhōng有yǒu三sān便biàn,一yī则zé纯chún肉ròu在zài右yòu,先xiān取qǔ为wèi便biàn也yě;二èr则zé羹gēng饭fàn并bìng近jìn人rén之zhī食shí,先xiān取qǔ羹gēng饭fàn亦yì便biàn;三sān则zé饭fàn在zài左zuǒ,羹gēng在zài右yòu,右yòu手shǒu取qǔ羹gēng,羹gēng重zhòng於yú右yòu,亦yì便biàn,故gù云yún:“皆jiē便biàn食shí。”云yún“食shí,饭fàn属shǔ”者zhě,知zhī食shí是shì饭fàn者zhě,《春chūn秋qiū左zuǒ氏shì传chuán》云yún:“粢zī食shí不bù凿záo。”《论lún语yǔ》云yún:“一yī箪dān食shí。”《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún:“子zi卯mǎo稷jì食shí。”皆jiē饭fàn也yě。言yán属shǔ者zhě,诸zhū饭fàn悉xī然rán,故gù云yún属shǔ也yě。云yún“居jū人rén左zuǒ右yòu,明míng其qí近jìn也yě”者zhě,以yǐ其qí系xì人rén言yán之zhī,故gù云yún近jìn也yě。云yún“殽xiáo在zài俎zǔ”者zhě,《春chūn秋qiū》宣xuān十shí六liù年nián王wáng享xiǎng士shì会huì殽xiáo烝zhēng,下xià云yún:“宴yàn有yǒu折zhé俎zǔ。”又yòu《昏hūn礼lǐ》及jí《特tè牲shēng》、《少shǎo牢láo》皆jiē骨gǔ体tǐ在zài俎zǔ,是shì“殽xiáo在zài俎zǔ”。知zhī“胾zì在zài豆dòu”者zhě,《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》庶shù羞xiū十shí六liù豆dòu,有yǒu牛niú胾zì、羊yáng胾zì,是shì胾zì在zài豆dòu。○注zhù“殽xiáo胾zì”至zhì“在zài豆dòu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:知zhī在zài“殽xiáo胾zì之zhī外wài内nèi”者zhě,以yǐ此cǐ馔zhuàn之zhī设shè,羹gēng食shí最zuì近jìn人rén,羹gēng食shí之zhī外wài,乃nǎi有yǒu殽xiáo胾zì,今jīn云yún“脍kuài炙zhì处chù外wài,醯xī酱jiàng处chù内nèi”,明míng其qí不bù得dé在zài羹gēng食shí之zhī内nèi,故gù知zhī在zài“殽xiáo胾zì之zhī外wài内nèi。”此cǐ醯xī酱jiàng,徐xú音yīn作zuò海hǎi,则zé醢hǎi之zhī与yǔ酱jiàng,两liǎng物wù各gè别bié。依yī《昏hūn礼lǐ》及jí《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》酱jiàng在zài右yòu,醢hǎi在zài左zuǒ,此cǐ醯xī酱jiàng处chù内nèi,亦yì当dāng酱jiàng在zài右yòu,醯xī在zài左zuǒ也yě。按àn《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》:“宰zǎi夫fū自zì东dōng房fáng授shòu醯xī酱jiàng,公gōng设shè之zhī。”郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“以yǐ醯xī和hé酱jiàng也yě”。又yòu《周zhōu礼lǐ·醯xī人rén》“祭jì祀sì共gòng齑jī菹jū醯xī物wù”,则zé醯xī酱jiàng共gòng为wèi一yī物wù也yě。今jīn此cǐ经jīng文wén若ruò作zuò醯xī字zì,则zé是shì一yī物wù也yě。醢hǎi之zhī与yǔ醯xī,其qí义yì皆jiē通tōng,未wèi知zhī孰shú是shì。但dàn郑zhèng注zhù“葱cōng15615;”云yún“处chù醯xī酱jiàng之zhī左zuǒ”,则zé醯xī酱jiàng一yī物wù为wèi胜shèng。云yún“脍kuài炙zhì皆jiē在zài豆dòu”者zhě,以yǐ公gōng食shí下xià大dà夫fū十shí六liù豆dòu,有yǒu牛niú炙zhì、羊yáng炙zhì及jí芥jiè酱jiàng鱼yú脍kuài,故gù知zhī在zài豆dòu。○注zhù“处chù醯xī”至zhì“在zài豆dòu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:知zhī“处chù醯xī酱jiàng之zhī左zuǒ”者zhě,地dì道dào尊zūn右yòu,既jì云yún“处chù末mò”,则zé末mò在zài左zuǒ,上shàng继jì“醯xī酱jiàng”,文wén承chéng其qí下xià,故gù云yún在zài醯xī酱jiàng之zhī左zuǒ。知zhī葱cōng15615;殊shū加jiā者zhě,以yǐ《仪yí礼lǐ》正zhèng馔zhuàn唯wéi有yǒu菹jū醢hǎi,无wú葱cōng15615;,故gù知zhī葱cōng15615;为wèi殊shū加jiā也yě。以yǐ其qí菹jū类lèi,故gù知zhī在zài豆dòu也yě。○注zhù“若ruò酒jiǔ”至zhì“礼lǐ云yún”。正zhèng义yì曰yuē:卑bēi客kè则zé或huò酒jiǔ或huò浆jiāng,若ruò尊zūn客kè则zé有yǒu酒jiǔ有yǒu浆jiāng。案àn《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún:“设shè酒jiǔ於yú豆dòu东dōng,是shì酒jiǔ在zài左zuǒ也yě。《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》又yòu云yún,宾bīn三sān饭fàn,设shè浆jiāng饮yǐn於yú稻dào西xī。郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“酒jiǔ在zài东dōng,浆jiāng在zài西xī,所suǒ谓wèi左zuǒ酒jiǔ右yòu浆jiāng是shì也yě。”云yún“此cǐ大dà夫fū与yǔ宾bīn客kè燕yàn食shí之zhī礼lǐ,其qí礼lǐ食shí则zé宜yí放fàng《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún”者zhě,从cóng上shàng进jìn食shí之zhī礼lǐ,至zhì此cǐ所suǒ陈chén馔zhuàn具jù,皆jiē是shì卿qīng大dà夫fū燕yàn食shí也yě。其qí礼lǐ食shí则zé似shì《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》所suǒ陈chén是shì也yě。案àn《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》,醯xī酱jiàng陈chén於yú席xí前qián,豆dòu六liù,设shè於yú酱jiàng东dōng,西xī上shàng。韭jiǔ菹jū以yǐ东dōng,醯xī醢hǎi、昌chāng本běn,南nán麋mí赞zàn,以yǐ西xī菁jīng菹jū、鹿lù赞zàn。士shì设shè俎zǔ於yú豆dòu南nán,牛niú俎zǔ在zài西xī,牛niú俎zǔ东dōng羊yáng俎zǔ,羊yáng俎zǔ东dōng豕shǐ俎zǔ,又yòu牛niú俎zǔ南nán鱼yú俎zǔ,鱼yú俎zǔ东dōng腊là俎zǔ,腊là俎zǔ东dōng有yǒu肠cháng胃wèi俎zǔ,又yòu有yǒu肤fū俎zǔ在zài两liǎng行xíng俎zǔ之zhī东dōng,纵zòng设shè之zhī。黍shǔ稷jì六liù簋guǐ,设shè於yú俎zǔ西xī,黍shǔ簋guǐ当dāng牛niú俎zǔ西xī,其qí西xī稷jì,稷jì西xī黍shǔ,黍shǔ南nán稷jì,稷jì东dōng黍shǔ,黍shǔ东dōng稷jì,屈qū为wèi两liǎng行xíng。大dà羹gēng在zài酱jiàng西xī。鉶xíng四sì,设shè於yú豆dòu西xī,牛niú鉶xíng在zài东dōng,牛niú西xī羊yáng,羊yáng南nán豕shǐ,豕shǐ东dōng牛niú。饭fàn酒jiǔ设shè於yú豆dòu东dōng,梁liáng饭fàn设shè於yú湆qì西xī,稻dào于yú粱liáng西xī。庶shù羞xiū十shí六liù豆dòu,设shè於yú稻dào南nán,屈qū折shé而ér陈chén,凡fán为wèi四sì行xíng:膷xiāng东dōng臐xūn,臐xūn东dōng膮xiāo,膮xiāo东dōng牛niú炙zhì;炙zhì南nán醢hǎi,醢hǎi西xī牛niú胾zì,胾zì西xī醢hǎi,醢hǎi西xī牛niú脍kuài;脍kuài南nán羊yáng炙zhì,炙zhì东dōng羊yáng胾zì,胾zì东dōng醢hǎi,醢hǎi东dōng豕shǐ炙zhì;炙zhì南nán醢hǎi,醢hǎi西xī豕shǐ胾zì,胾zì西xī芥jiè酱jiàng,酱jiàng西xī鱼yú脍kuài。此cǐ是shì公gōng食shí。下xià大dà夫fū礼lǐ云yún:“若ruò上shàng大dà夫fū,八bā豆dòu、八bā簋guǐ、六liù鉶xíng、九jiǔ俎zǔ、庶shù羞xiū二èr十shí也yě。”○“以yǐ脯pú脩xiū置zhì者zhě”,设shè食shí竟jìng所suǒ须xū也yě。脯pú训xùn始shǐ,始shǐ作zuò即jí成chéng也yě。脩xiū亦yì脯pú也yě。脩xiū训xùn治zhì,治zhì之zhī乃nǎi成chéng。郑zhèng注zhù《腊là人rén》云yún:“薄báo折zhé曰yuē脯pú,棰chuí而ér施shī姜jiāng桂guì曰yuē锻duàn脩xiū。”今jīn明míng置zhì设shè脯pú脩xiū与yǔ客kè之zhī法fǎ,故gù云yún“以yǐ脯pú脩xiū置zhì者zhě”。○“左zuǒ朐qú右yòu末mò”者zhě,朐qú谓wèi中zhōng屈qū也yě。屈qū脯pú朐qú朐qú然rán也yě。左zuǒ朐qú,朐qú置zhì左zuǒ也yě。右yòu末mò,末mò,边biān际jì;置zhì左zuǒ,右yòu手shǒu取qǔ际jì擘bāi之zhī便biàn也yě。脯pú脩xiū则zé处chù酒jiǔ左zuǒ,以yǐ燥zào为wèi阳yáng也yě。脯pú脩xiū皆jiē左zuǒ边biān也yě。注zhù“亦yì便biàn”至zhì“便biàn也yě”。○“客kè若ruò降jiàng等děng”者zhě,降jiàng,下xià等děng也yě,谓wèi大dà夫fū为wèi卿qīng之zhī客kè,其qí品pǐn等děng卑bēi下xià也yě。○“执zhí食shí兴xīng辞cí”者zhě,执zhí,捉zhuō也yě。食shí,饭fàn也yě。兴xīng,起qǐ也yě。客kè既jì卑bēi,故gù未wèi食shí必bì先xiān捉zhuō饭fàn而ér起qǐ,以yǐ辞cí谢xiè主zhǔ人rén之zhī临lín已yǐ也yě。又yòu若ruò欲yù往wǎng堂táng下xià食shí然rán也yě,堂táng下xià是shì卑bēi者zhě食shí处chù。饭fàn为wèi食shí主zhǔ,故gù特tè执zhí之zhī也yě。《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún“宾bīn北běi面miàn自zì间jiān坐zuò,左zuǒ拥yōng簠fǔ梁liáng,右yòu执zhí湆qì以yǐ降jiàng”是shì也yě。郑zhèng云yún:“自zì间jiān坐zuò,由yóu两liǎng馔zhuàn之zhī间jiān也yě。”辞cí主zhǔ人rén临lín己jǐ食shí,若ruò欲yù食shí於yú堂táng下xià然rán。此cǐ降jiàng等děng谓wèi大dà夫fū於yú卿qīng,故gù欲yù降jiàng而ér不bù降jiàng,若ruò臣chén於yú君jūn,则zé降jiàng也yě,故gù《公gōng食shí》云yún“宾bīn拥yōng簠fǔ梁liáng以yǐ降jiàng”是shì也yě。若ruò敌dí者zhě,全quán无wú欲yù降jiàng之zhī礼lǐ,故gù《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》云yún:“大dà夫fū相xiāng食shí,宾bīn执zhí粱liáng与yǔ湆qì,之zhī西xī序xù端duān。”无wú降jiàng法fǎ也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén兴xīng,辞cí於yú客kè,然rán后hòu客kè坐zuò”者zhě,主zhǔ人rén见jiàn客kè执zhí饭fàn起qǐ,故gù主zhǔ人rén亦yì起qǐ,辞cí止zhǐ之zhī,则zé客kè从cóng辞cí而ér止zhǐ,乃nǎi坐zuò食shí,复fù坐zuò也yě。○“主zhǔ人rén延yán客kè祭jì”者zhě,延yán,道dào也yě。祭jì者zhě,君jūn子zǐ不bù忘wàng本běn,有yǒu德dé必bì酬chóu之zhī,故gù得dé食shí而ér种zhǒng种zhǒng出chū少shǎo许xǔ,置zhì在zài豆dòu间jiān之zhī地dì,以yǐ报bào先xiān代dài造zào食shí之zhī人rén也yě。若ruò敌dí客kè则zé得dé自zì祭jì,不bù须xū主zhǔ人rén之zhī延yán道dào。今jīn此cǐ卑bēi客kè听tīng主zhǔ人rén先xiān祭jì道dào之zhī,己jǐ乃nǎi从cóng之zhī,故gù云yún“延yán客kè祭jì”也yě。○“祭jì食shí,祭jì所suǒ先xiān进jìn”,凡fán祭jì食shí之zhī法fǎ,随suí主zhǔ人rén所suǒ设shè前qián后hòu次cì第dì种zhǒng种zhǒng而ér次cì祭jì之zhī,故gù主zhǔ人rén所suǒ先xiān进jìn,先xiān祭jì之zhī,所suǒ后hòu进jìn,后hòu祭jì之zhī,所suǒ从cóng如rú其qí次cì也yě。○“殽xiáo之zhī序xù,徧biàn祭jì之zhī”者zhě,序xù,次cì序xù也yě,谓wèi脍kuài炙zhì胾zì之zhī属shǔ也yě。徧biàn,匝zā也yě。炙zhì胾zì之zhī属shǔ,虽suī同tóng出chū於yú牲shēng,今jīn祭jì之zhī,故gù种zhǒng种zhǒng次cì序xù,徧biàn匝zā祭jì之zhī。○注zhù“谓wèi胾zì”至zhì“祭jì也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún:“三sān牲shēng之zhī肺fèi不bù离lí,赞zàn者zhě辩biàn取qǔ之zhī,壹yī以yǐ授shòu宾bīn。宾bīn兴xīng受shòu,坐zuò祭jì,捝tuō手shǒu。”又yòu云yún:“鱼yú、腊là、酱jiàng、湆qì不bù祭jì也yě。”○“三sān饭fàn,主zhǔ人rén延yán客kè食shí胾zì”者zhě,三sān饭fàn谓wèi三sān食shí也yě。礼lǐ食shí三sān飧sūn而ér告gào饱bǎo,须xū劝quàn,乃nǎi更gèng食shí。三sān饭fàn竟jìng,而ér主zhǔ人rén乃nǎi道dào客kè食shí胾zì也yě。《公gōng食shí大dà夫fū礼lǐ》云yún:“宾bīn三sān饭fàn以yǐ湆qì酱jiàng。”郑zhèng云yún:“每měi饭fàn歠chuò湆qì以yǐ殽xiáo擩rǔ酱jiàng,食shí正zhèng馔zhuàn也yě。”案àn彼bǐ文wén是shì三sān饭fàn,但dàn食shí酱jiàng及jí他tā馔zhuàn而ér未wèi食shí胾zì,故gù三sān飧sūn竟jìng,而ér主zhǔ人rén道dào客kè使shǐ之zhī食shí胾zì也yě。所suǒ以yǐ至zhì三sān飧sūn后hòu乃nǎi食shí胾zì者zhě,《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》亦yì以yǐ胾zì为wèi加jiā,故gù客kè三sān飧sūn前qián未wèi食shí之zhī,故gù郑zhèng注zhù云yún:“以yǐ殽xiáo擩rǔ酱jiàng,食shí正zhèng馔zhuàn。”正zhèng馔zhuàn则zé非fēi胾zì也yě。然rán《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》三sān飧sūn竟jìng,捝tuō手shǒu,起qǐ,受shòu浆jiāng漱shù口kǒu,受shòu束shù帛bó之zhī物wù,升shēng降jiàng拜bài,礼lǐ毕bì,方fāng是shì升shēng还hái坐zuò食shí,取qǔ饱bǎo,饱bǎo又yòu三sān漱shù。不bù云yún三sān饭fàn延yán客kè食shí胾zì者zhě,与yǔ此cǐ异yì也yě。○“然rán后hòu辩biàn殽xiáo”者zhě,“然rán后hòu”谓wèi食shí胾zì竟jìng后hòu也yě。辩biàn,匝zā也yě。主zhǔ人rén皆jiē道dào客kè令lìng食shí至zhì饱bǎo,食shí殽xiáo得dé匝zā也yě。○注zhù“先xiān食shí”至zhì“饱bǎo也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:纯chún肉ròu为wèi阴yīn,阴yīn,卑bēi也yě。带dài骨gǔ为wèi阳yáng,阳yáng,尊zūn也yě。尊zūn故gù后hòu食shí之zhī也yě。云yún“凡fán食shí殽xiáo,辩biàn於yú肩jiān,食shí肩jiān则zé饱bǎo”者zhě,案àn《特tè牲shēng》、《少shǎo牢láo》云yún,初chū食shí殽xiáo,次cì食shí脊jí,次cì食shí骼gé,后hòu食shí肩jiān。是shì辩biàn於yú肩jiān也yě,故gù云yún“食shí肩jiān则zé饱bǎo”也yě。郑zhèng云yún:“举jǔ前qián正zhèng脊jí后hòu肩jiān,自zì上shàng而ér却què下xià,纟sī争zhēng而ér前qián,终zhōng始shǐ之zhī次cì也yě。”案àn郑zhèng云yún,是shì先xiān食shí胁xié脊jí,次cì食shí骼gé,食shí骼gé竟jìng,又yòu屈qū食shí胁xié脊jí,竟jìng,乃nǎi食shí肩jiān。○“主zhǔ人rén未wèi辩biàn,客kè不bù虚xū口kǒu”者zhě,虚xū口kǒu谓wèi食shí竟jìng饮yǐn酒jiǔ荡dàng口kǒu,使shǐ清qīng絜jié及jí安ān食shí也yě。用yòng浆jiāng曰yuē漱shù,令lìng口kǒu以yǐ絜jié清qīng为wèi义yì。用yòng酒jiǔ曰yuē酳yìn,酳yìn训xùn演yǎn,言yán食shí毕bì以yǐ酒jiǔ演yǎn养yǎng其qí气qì。主zhǔ人rén若ruò食shí殽xiáo未wèi辩biàn,则zé客kè虽suī已yǐ辩biàn,而ér不bù得dé辄zhé酳yìn漱shù也yě。主zhǔ人rén恒héng让ràng客kè,不bù自zì先xiān饱bǎo,故gù客kè待dài主zhǔ人rén辩biàn,乃nǎi得dé为wèi酳yìn也yě。此cǐ谓wèi卑bēi客kè耳ěr,敌dí客kè以yǐ上shàng则zé不bù待dài主zhǔ人rén也yě。《音yīn义yì隐yǐn》云yún:“饭fàn毕bì荡dàng口kǒu也yě。”○注zhù“俟qí主zhǔ”至zhì“酳yìn也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》云yún:“宾bīn卒zú食shí,会huì饭fàn三sān饮yǐn。”郑zhèng云yún:“三sān漱shù浆jiāng也yě。”明míng是shì食shí竟jìng漱shù也yě。又yòu初chū三sān饭fàn竟jìng,设shè浆jiāng稻dào西xī,“宾bīn坐zuò祭jì,遂suì饮yǐn”。郑zhèng云yún:“三sān饮yǐn漱shù也yě。”案àn此cǐ漱shù是shì三sān飧sūn竟jìng,又yòu有yǒu事shì,故gù用yòng浆jiāng漱shù口kǒu,若ruò如rú斯sī,则zé公gōng食shí之zhī礼lǐ,虽suī设shè酒jiǔ为wèi优yōu,宾bīn不bù得dé用yòng酳yìn,故gù郑zhèng注zhù彼bǐ云yún“设shè而ér不bù举jǔ”,明míng但dàn以yǐ浆jiāng漱shù口kǒu而ér已yǐ也yě。此cǐ是shì私sī客kè,故gù用yòng酒jiǔ以yǐ酳yìn,所suǒ以yǐ异yì於yú《公gōng食shí礼lǐ》也yě,故gù郑zhèng此cǐ云yún“谓wèi酳yìn也yě”。云yún“客kè自zì敌dí已yǐ上shàng,其qí酳yìn不bù待dài主zhǔ人rén饱bǎo”者zhě,客kè不bù敌dí,故gù待dài主zhǔ人rén。“主zhǔ人rén不bù先xiān饱bǎo”者zhě,缘yuán主zhǔ人rén不bù先xiān饱bǎo,故gù待dài之zhī也yě。侍shì食shí於yú长zhǎng者zhě,主zhǔ人rén亲qīn馈kuì,则zé拜bài而ér食shí。劝quàn长zhǎng者zhě食shí耳ěr。虽suī贱jiàn,不bù得dé执zhí食shí兴xīng辞cí,拜bài而ér已yǐ,示shì敬jìng也yě。○馈kuì,徐xú其qí类lèi反fǎn。主zhǔ人rén不bù亲qīn馈kuì,则zé不bù拜bài而ér食shí。以yǐ其qí礼lǐ於yú已yǐ不bù隆lóng。[疏shū]“侍shì食shí”至zhì“而ér食shí”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:乡xiāng是shì自zì为wèi客kè法fǎ,此cǐ明míng侍shì从cóng尊zūn长zhǎng为wèi客kè礼lǐ也yě。“主zhǔ人rén亲qīn馈kuì,则zé拜bài而ér食shí”者zhě,馈kuì谓wèi进jìn馔zhuàn也yě。已yǐ虽suī侍shì尊zūn长zhǎng,而ér主zhǔ人rén若ruò自zì亲qīn馈kuì与yǔ己jǐ,己jǐ则zé拜bài谢xiè之zhī而ér后hòu食shí也yě。○注zhù“劝quàn长zhǎng”至zhì“敬jìng也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:言yán己jǐ今jīn侍shì食shí,虽suī贱jiàn,不bù得dé执zhí食shí兴xīng辞cí,故gù但dàn拜bài之zhī,以yǐ示shì敬jìng也yě。  共gòng食shí不bù饱bǎo,谦qiān也yě,谓wèi共gòng羹gēng饭fàn之zhī大dà器qì也yě。共gòng饭fàn不bù泽zé手shǒu。为wèi汗hàn手shǒu不bù絜jié也yě。泽zé谓wèi捼ruó莎shā也yě。礼lǐ,饭fàn以yǐ手shǒu。泽zé或huò为wèi择zé。○为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn。汗hàn,下xià半bàn反fǎn,本běn或huò作zuò汙wū。捼ruó,乃nǎi禾hé反fǎn,沈shěn耳ěr佳jiā反fǎn。莎shā,息xī禾hé反fǎn,沈shěn又yòu息xī随suí反fǎn。[疏shū]“共gòng食shí”至zhì“泽zé手shǒu”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:共gòng食shí,谓wèi同tóng事shì聚jù居jū,非fēi礼lǐ食shí,则zé有yǒu同tóng器qì食shí法fǎ,共gòng食shí宜yí谦qiān,不bù辄zhé厌yàn饫yù为wèi饱bǎo也yě。共gòng饭fàn不bù泽zé手shǒu者zhě,亦yì是shì共gòng器qì盛chéng饭fàn也yě。泽zé谓wèi光guāng泽zé也yě。古gǔ之zhī礼lǐ,饭fàn不bù用yòng箸zhù,但dàn用yòng手shǒu,既jì与yǔ人rén共gòng饭fàn,手shǒu宜yí絜jié净jìng,不bù得dé临lín食shí始shǐ捼ruó莎shā手shǒu乃nǎi食shí,恐kǒng为wéi人rén秽huì也yě。○注zhù“为wèi汗hàn手shǒu不bù絜jié”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:絜jié,净jìng也yě。若ruò泽zé手shǒu,手shǒu必bì汗hàn生shēng,则zé不bù絜jié净jìng。一yī本běn汗hàn生shēng不bù圭guī。圭guī,絜jié也yě。言yán手shǒu泽zé汙wū饭fàn也yě。毋wú抟tuán饭fàn,为wèi欲yù致zhì饱bǎo,不bù谦qiān。○抟tuán,徒tú端duān反fǎn。为wèi,于yú伪wěi反fǎn,下xià皆jiē同tóng。[疏shū]“毋wú抟tuán饭fàn”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:共gòng器qì若ruò取qǔ饭fàn作zuò抟tuán,则zé易yì得dé多duō,是shì欲yù争zhēng饱bǎo,非fēi谦qiān也yě。故gù注zhù云yún“为wèi欲yù致zhì饱bǎo,不bù谦qiān”也yě。毋wú放fàng饭fàn,去qù手shǒu馀yú饭fàn於yú器qì中zhōng,人rén所suǒ秽huì。○去qù,起qǐ吕lǚ反fǎn。毋wú流liú歠chuò,大dà歠chuò嫌xián欲yù疾jí。○歠chuò,川chuān悦yuè反fǎn。毋wú咤zhà食shí,嫌xián薄báo之zhī。○咤zhà,陟zhì嫁jià反fǎn,叱chì咤zhà也yě。毋wú齧niè骨gǔ,为wèi有yǒu声shēng响xiǎng,不bù敬jìng。○齧niè,五wǔ结jié反fǎn。毋wú反fǎn鱼yú肉ròu,为wèi已yǐ历lì口kǒu,人rén所suǒ秽huì。毋wú投tóu与yǔ狗gǒu骨gǔ,为wèi其qí贱jiàn饮yǐn食shí之zhī物wù。毋wú固gù获huò,为wèi其qí不bù廉lián也yě。欲yù专zhuān之zhī曰yuē固gù,争zhēng取qǔ曰yuē获huò。○固gù获huò,并bìng如rú字zì,徐xú云yún:“郑zhèng撗guàng霸bà反fǎn。一yī音yīn护hù。”毋wú扬yáng饭fàn,饭fàn黍shǔ毋wú以yǐ箸zhù,毋wú嚃tā羹gēng,亦yì嫌xián欲yù疾jí也yě。嚃tā,为wèi不bù嚼jué菜cài。○饭fàn,扶fú晚wǎn反fǎn。箸zhù,直zhí虑lǜ反fǎn,《说shuō文wén》云yún:“饭fàn欹yī也yě。”嚃tā,他tā答dá反fǎn,一yī音yīn吐tǔ计jì反fǎn,又yòu音yīn退tuì。嚼jué,疾jí略lüè反fǎn,又yòu序xù略lüè反fǎn。毋wú絮xù羹gēng,为wèi其qí详xiáng於yú味wèi也yě。絮xù犹yóu调diào也yě。○絮xù,敕chì虑lǜ反fǎn,谓wèi加jiā以yǐ盐yán梅méi也yě。毋wú剌lá齿chǐ,为wèi其qí弄lòng口kǒu也yě。口kǒu容róng止zhǐ。○剌lá,七qī亦yì反fǎn。弄nòng,鲁lǔ冻dòng反fǎn。毋wú歠chuò醢hǎi。亦yì嫌xián详xiáng於yú味wèi也yě。歠chuò者zhě为wèi其qí淡dàn故gù。○淡dàn,度dù敢gǎn反fǎn。客kè絮xù羹gēng,主zhǔ人rén辞cí不bù能néng亨hēng。客kè歠chuò醢hǎi,主zhǔ人rén辞cí以yǐ窭jù。优yōu宾bīn。○亨hēng,普pǔ彭péng反fǎn,煮zhǔ也yě。窭jù,其qí禹yǔ反fǎn,贫pín也yě。濡rú肉ròu齿chǐ决jué,决jué犹yóu断duàn也yě。○147273;音yīn濡rú,字zì亦yì作zuò濡rú。断duàn音yīn短duǎn。乾qián肉ròu不bù齿chǐ决jué,坚jiān宜yí用yòng手shǒu。毋wú嘬chuài炙zhì。为wèi其qí贪tān食shí甚shèn也yě。嘬chuài谓wèi一yī举jǔ尽jǐn脔luán。《特tè牲shēng》、《少shǎo牢láo》哜jì之zhī,加jiā于yú俎zǔ。○嘬chuài,初chū怪guài反fǎn。炙zhì,章zhāng夜yè反fǎn。脔luán,力lì转zhuǎn反fǎn。少shǎo,徐xú式shì照zhào反fǎn,凡fán“少shǎo牢láo”皆jiē同tóng。哜jì音yīn才cái细xì反fǎn,  [疏shū]“毋wú放fàng”至zhì“嘬chuài炙zhì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“毋wú放fàng饭fàn”者zhě,手shǒu就jiù器qì中zhōng取qǔ饭fàn,饭fàn若ruò黏nián著zhù手shǒu,不bù得dé拂fú放fàng本běn器qì中zhōng也yě。“去qù手shǒu馀yú饭fàn於yú器qì中zhōng,人rén所suǒ秽huì者zhě,当dāng弃qì馀yú於yú篚fěi,无wú篚fěi,弃qì馀yú於yú会huì。会huì谓wèi簋guǐ盖gài

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