推荐

第 40 / 98 回

亲qīn哭kū之zhī。不bù往wǎng吊diào,为wèi位wèi哭kū之zhī而ér已yǐ。君jūn於yú臣chén,使shǐ有yǒu司sī哭kū之zhī。[疏shū]“公gōng族zú”至zhì“哭kū之zhī”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié论lùn公gōng之zhī同tóng族zú有yǒu死sǐ刑xíng之zhī罪zuì,有yǒu司sī行xíng法fǎ之zhī事shì,及jí公gōng为wèi之zhī贬biǎn降jiàng之zhī礼lǐ。○“公gōng族zú其qí有yǒu死sǐ罪zuì,则zé磬qìng于yú甸diān人rén”者zhě,甸diān人rén,掌zhǎng郊jiāo野yě之zhī官guān。又yòu云yún磬qìng,尽jǐn也yě。磬qìng谓wèi县xiàn缢yì杀shā于yú甸diān人rén之zhī官guān,令lìng其qí性xìng命mìng磬qìng尽jǐn也yě。○“其qí刑xíng”至zhì“甸diān人rén”。○谓wèi族zú人rén犯fàn刑xíng罪zuì者zhě,欲yù纤xiān剌lá劓yì割gē之zhī时shí,亦yì鞠jū读dú刑xíng法fǎ之zhī书shū於yú甸diān人rén之zhī官guān也yě。○“公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng”者zhě,虽suī犯fàn宫gōng刑xíng,不bù得dé行xíng宫gōng刑xíng。○“狱yù成chéng,有yǒu司sī谳yàn于yú公gōng”者zhě,成chéng,平píng也yě。谳yàn言yán白bái也yě。谓wèi狱yù断duàn既jì平píng定dìng其qí罪zuì状zhuàng,有yǒu司sī以yǐ此cǐ成chéng辞cí言yán白bái於yú公gōng,若ruò其qí所suǒ犯fàn死sǐ罪zuì,白bái公gōng之zhī时shí,则zé曰yuē某mǒu之zhī罪zuì在zài大dà辟pì,其qí犯fàn刑xíng罪zuì,则zé曰yuē某mǒu之zhī罪zuì在zài小xiǎo辟pì。“公gōng曰yuē宥yòu之zhī”。○公gōng既jì得dé有yǒu司sī之zhī白bái,此cǐ公gōng族zú之zhī亲qīn,则zé公gōng更gèng言yán曰yuē宽kuān宥yòu之zhī,以yǐ法fǎ商shāng量liáng,使shǐ从cóng其qí宽kuān也yě。“有yǒu司sī又yòu曰yuē在zài辟pì”。○有yǒu司sī既jì得dé公gōng言yán,更gèng往wǎng平píng审shěn理lǐ,无wú可kě出chū也yě。有yǒu司sī又yòu更gèng白bái公gōng,言yán罪zuì在zài大dà辟pì,公gōng又yòu曰yuē宥yòu之zhī,有yǒu司sī又yòu曰yuē在zài大dà辟pì。○“及jí三sān宥yòu”。○有yǒu司sī执zhí法fǎ,又yòu曰yuē在zài大dà辟pì,公gōng又yòu曰yuē宥yòu之zhī,凡fán三sān宥yòu也yě。初chū有yǒu司sī白bái公gōng,公gōng令lìng宽kuān宥yòu则zé答dá,公gōng将jiāng更gèng宽kuān宥yòu,及jí公gōng遣qiǎn三sān宥yòu之zhī后hòu,为wèi公gōng意yì无wú已yǐ,有yǒu司sī不bù复fù对duì公gōng,则zé走zǒu出chū致zhì此cǐ刑xíng死sǐ之zhī事shì於yú甸diān人rén也yě。○“公gōng又yòu使shǐ人rén追zhuī之zhī”。○谓wèi追zhuī止zhǐ行xíng刑xíng杀shā之zhī人rén。云yún“虽suī然rán,必bì赦shè之zhī”,然rán犹yóu如rú是shì。虽suī罪zuì重zhòng如rú是shì,必bì更gèng宽kuān宥yòu,赦shè其qí刑xíng杀shā也yě。“有yǒu司sī对duì曰yuē:无wú及jí也yě”,言yán其qí追zhuī之zhī不bù可kě及jí也yě。“公gōng素sù服fú不bù举jǔ,为wèi之zhī变biàn,如rú其qí伦lún之zhī丧sàng,无wú服fú”者zhě,谓wèi公gōng身shēn著zhù素sù服fú,衣yī裳shang皆jiē素sù,不bù举jǔ馔zhuàn食shí,为wèi之zhī变biàn其qí常cháng礼lǐ,如rú其qí亲qīn疏shū伦lún辈bèi之zhī丧sàng,身shēn不bù往wǎng吊diào,无wú吊diào服fú也yě,乃nǎi亲qīn自zì哭kū之zhī於yú异yì姓xìng之zhī庙miào。○注zhù“县xiàn缢yì杀shā之zhī曰yuē磬qìng”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:磬qìng谓wèi磬qìng尽jǐn也yě。《左zuǒ传zhuàn》云yún:“室shì如rú县xiàn罄qìng。”杜dù预yù云yún:“罄qìng,尽jǐn也yě。”皇huáng氏shì云yún:“如rú县xiàn乐yuè器qì之zhī磬qìng也yě。”○注zhù“纤xiān读dú”至zhì“曰yuē鞠jū”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《鲁lǔ语yǔ》云yún:“小xiǎo刑xíng用yòng钻zuān凿záo,次cì刑xíng用yòng刀dāo锯jù。”案àn墨mò刑xíng刻kè其qí面miàn,是shì用yòng钻zuān凿záo也yě。其qí宫gōng、劓yì之zhī属shǔ,则zé剸tuán割gē也yě。故gù云yún“宫gōng、割gē、膑bìn、墨mò、劓yì、刖yuè,皆jiē以yǐ刀dāo锯jù剌lá割gē人rén体tǐ也yě”。云yún“告gào读dú为wèi鞠jū,读dú书shū用yòng法fǎ曰yuē鞠jū”者zhě,以yǐ刑xíng之zhī杀shā人rén,皆jiē於yú甸diān师shī氏shì,何hé得dé唯wéi告gào而ér已yǐ,故gù以yǐ为wéi鞠jū,《汉hàn书shū》每měi云yún鞠jū狱yù是shì也yě。读dú书shū,读dú囚qiú人rén之zhī所suǒ犯fàn罪zuì状zhuàng之zhī书shū。用yòng法fǎ,谓wèi其qí法fǎ律lǜ平píng断duàn其qí罪zuì。鞠jū,尽jǐn也yě,谓wèi推tuī审shěn其qí罪zuì状zhuàng令lìng尽jǐn也yě。今jīn言yán公gōng族zú虽suī无wú宫gōng刑xíng,但dàn髡kūn去qù其qí发fā也yě。○注zhù“罪zuì既jì”至zhì“类lèi也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:罪zuì既jì正zhèng定dìng不bù可kě宥yòu,谓wèi罪zuì当dāng正zhèng条tiáo,无wú可kě赦shè宥yòu之zhī理lǐ。君jūn今jīn乃nǎi更gèng欲yù赦shè之zhī者zhě,是shì重zhòng慎shèn刑xíng杀shā其qí族zú类lèi也yě。○注zhù“白bái”至zhì“刑xíng杀shā”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:公gōng不bù遣qiǎn刑xíng,而ér云yún“反fǎn命mìng于yú公gōng”者zhě,祗zhī谓wèi行xíng刑xíng者zhě反fǎn回huí,而ér来lái告gào已yǐ刑xíng杀shā之zhī命mìng言yán於yú公gōng。○注zhù“素sù服fú”至zhì“弁biàn矣yǐ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn下xià《曲qū礼lǐ》重zhòng素sù,郑zhèng云yún:“重zhòng素sù,衣yī裳shang皆jiē素sù谓wèi之zhī重zhòng素sù,素sù为wèi衣yī裳shang也yě。”此cǐ素sù服fú亦yì然rán也yě。“於yú凶xiōng事shì为wèi吉jí”者zhě,人rén以yǐ凶xiōng事shì用yòng布bù,今jīn乃nǎi用yòng素sù,是shì比bǐ於yú凶xiōng事shì为wèi吉jí也yě。“於yú吉jí事shì为wèi凶xiōng”者zhě,吉jí时shí皮pí弁biàn,服fú白bái布bù深shēn衣yī,素sù积jī裳shang,以yǐ采cǎi为wèi领lǐng缘yuán,今jīn唯wéi素sù服fú衣yī裳shang,是shì比bǐ吉jí事shì为wèi凶xiōng也yě。非fēi如rú五wǔ服fú之zhī限xiàn,故gù云yún“非fēi丧sāng服fú也yě”。云yún“君jūn虽suī不bù服fú”至zhì“弁biàn绖dié”者zhě,并bìng《服fú问wèn》文wén也yě。云yún“於yú士shì盖gài疑yí衰shuāi,同tóng姓xìng则zé緦sī衰shuāi以yǐ吊diào之zhī”者zhě,案àn《司sī服fú》云yún:“王wáng为wèi三sān公gōng六liù卿qīng锡xī衰shuāi,为wèi诸zhū侯hóu緦sī衰shuāi,为wèi大dà夫fū士shì疑yí衰shuāi。”是shì疑yí衰shuāi轻qīng於yú锡xī衰shuāi。诸zhū侯hóu为wèi卿qīng大dà夫fū既jì锡xī衰shuāi,士shì宜yí卑bēi降jiàng,故gù疑yí衰shuāi。但dàn士shì有yǒu同tóng姓xìng异yì姓xìng,故gù以yǐ同tóng姓xìng为wèi緦sī衰shuāi,异yì姓xìng为wèi疑yí衰shuāi。知zhī诸zhū侯hóu亦yì有yǒu三sān衰shuāi者zhě,以yǐ《司sī服fú》王wáng有yǒu三sān衰shuāi,又yòu云yún上shàng公gōng如rú王wáng之zhī服fú,转zhuǎn次cì相xiāng加jiā,故gù知zhī诸zhū侯hóu亦yì有yǒu三sān衰shuāi也yě。此cǐ云yún君jūn吊diào士shì疑yí衰shuāi,案àn《士shì丧sāng礼lǐ》“公gōng视shì敛liǎn”,注zhù云yún主zhǔ人rén成chéng服fú之zhī后hòu往wǎng则zé锡xī衰shuāi者zhě,彼bǐ谓wèi士shì有yǒu俊jùn选xuǎn,於yú君jūn有yǒu师shī友yǒu之zhī恩ēn,与yǔ常cháng士shì不bù同tóng,故gù锡xī衰shuāi也yě。或huò於yú诸zhū侯hóu吊diào士shì无wú文wén,因yīn诸zhū侯hóu吊diào必bì锡xī衰shuāi无wú明míng文wén,故gù注zhù《士shì丧sāng礼lǐ》为wèi锡xī衰shuāi也yě。云yún“素sù服fú亦yì皮pí弁biàn矣yǐ”者zhě,诸zhū侯hóu亦yì为wèi卿qīng大dà夫fū吊diào服fú皮pí弁biàn锡xī衰shuāi。今jīn此cǐ但dàn云yún素sù服fú,不bù言yán素sù冠guān,故gù云yún亦yì皮pí弁biàn也yě。谯qiáo周zhōu云yún“此cǐ素sù服fú著zhù素sù冠guān”,非fēi郑zhèng义yì也yě。○注zhù“君jūn於yú”至zhì“哭kū之zhī”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《檀tán弓gōng》云yún“天tiān子zi之zhī哭kū诸zhū侯hóu,爵jué弁biàn绖dié,缁zī衣yī。或huò曰yuē:使shǐ有yǒu司sī哭kū之zhī”是shì也yě。  公gōng族zú朝cháo于yú内nèi朝cháo,内nèi亲qīn也yě。虽suī有yǒu贵guì者zhě以yǐ齿chǐ,明míng父fù子zǐ也yě。谓wèi以yǐ宗zōng族zú事shì会huì。外wài朝cháo以yǐ官guān,体tǐ异yì姓xìng也yě。体tǐ犹yóu连lián结jié也yě。宗zōng庙miào之zhī中zhōng,以yǐ爵jué为wèi位wèi,崇chóng德dé也yě。崇chóng,高gāo也yě。宗zōng人rén授shòu事shì以yǐ官guān,尊zūn贤xián也yě。官guān各gè有yǒu能néng。登dēng馂jùn、受shòu爵jué以yǐ上shàng嗣sì,尊zūn祖zǔ之zhī道dào也yě。上shàng嗣sì,祖zǔ之zhī正zhèng统tǒng。丧sàng纪jì以yǐ服fú之zhī轻qīng重zhòng为wèi序xù,不bù夺duó人rén亲qīn也yě。纪jì犹yóu事shì也yě。公gōng与yǔ族zú燕yàn则zé以yǐ齿chǐ,而ér孝xiào弟dì之zhī道dào达dá矣yǐ。以yǐ至zhì尊zūn不bù自zì异yì於yú亲qīn之zhī列liè。其qí族zú食shí世shì降jiàng一yī等děng,亲qīn亲qīn之zhī杀shā也yě。杀shā,差chà也yě。○杀shā,色sè戒jiè反fǎn,徐xú所suǒ例lì反fǎn。差chà,初chū隹zhuī反fǎn,徐xú初chū宜yí反fǎn。战zhàn则zé守shǒu於yú公gōng祢mí,孝xiào爱ài之zhī深shēn也yě。行xíng主zhǔ,君jūn父fù之zhī象xiàng。正zhèng室shì守shǒu大dà庙miào,尊zūn宗zōng室shì,而ér君jūn臣chén之zhī道dào著zhù矣yǐ。以yǐ其qí不bù敢gǎn以yǐ庶shù守shǒu君jūn所suǒ重zhòng。诸zhū父fù诸zhū兄xiōng守shǒu贵guì室shì,子zǐ弟dì守shǒu下xià室shì,而ér让ràng道dào达dá矣yǐ。以yǐ其qí贵guì者zhě守shǒu贵guì,贱jiàn者zhě守shǒu贱jiàn。上shàng言yán父fù子zǐ孙sūn,此cǐ言yán兄xiōng弟dì,互hù相xiāng备bèi也yě。[疏shū]“公gōng族zú”至zhì“达dá矣yǐ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ谓wèi第dì三sān节jié中zhōng之zhī下xià节jié,覆fù明míng在zài上shàng公gōng族zú九jiǔ条tiáo之zhī义yì。○“公gōng族zú朝cháo于yú内nèi朝cháo,内nèi亲qīn也yě”,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián第dì一yī条tiáo,言yán公gōng族zú所suǒ以yǐ朝cháo于yú内nèi朝cháo者zhě,其qí内nèi亲qīn也yě。欲yù使shǐ亲qīn在zài其qí内nèi,故gù於yú内nèi朝cháo也yě。○“虽suī有yǒu贵guì者zhě以yǐ齿chǐ,明míng父fù子zǐ也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì在zài上shàng第dì二èr条tiáo,言yán宗zōng族zú在zài内nèi朝cháo虽suī贵guì,犹yóu与yǔ贱jiàn者zhě计jì年nián以yǐ为wéi齿chǐ列liè者zhě,欲yù明míng父fù子zǐ昭zhāo穆mù之zhī本běn恩ēn故gù也yě。○“外wài朝cháo以yǐ官guān,体tǐ异yì姓xìng也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì在zài上shàng第dì三sān条tiáo也yě,若ruò族zú入rù朝cháo,则zé不bù复fù计jì年nián,各gè随suí官guān为wèi次cì者zhě,外wài朝cháo主zhǔ尊zūn别bié,不bù得dé以yǐ私sī恩ēn为wèi异yì,故gù虽suī族zú人rén悉xī以yǐ计jì爵jué为wèi位wèi,是shì欲yù与yǔ异yì姓xìng相xiāng连lián结jié以yǐ为wéi体tǐ也yě。“宗zōng庙miào之zhī中zhōng,以yǐ爵jué为wèi位wèi,崇chóng德dé也yě”者zhě,覆fù释shì上shàng第dì四sì条tiáo也yě。所suǒ以yǐ在zài庙miào中zhōng行háng礼lǐ时shí不bù计jì年nián,而ér以yǐ官guān爵jué列liè位wèi者zhě,爵jué以yǐ德dé序xù,而ér庙miào中zhōng行háng礼lǐ时shí,是shì先xiān祖zǔ尊zūn严yán之zhī所suǒ,所suǒ主zhǔ在zài德dé,不bù可kě私sī恩ēn,故gù列liè爵jué为wèi位wèi,是shì崇chóng高gāo於yú有yǒu德dé也yě。○“宗zōng人rén授shòu事shì以yǐ官guān,尊zūn贤xián也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì庙miào中zhōng所suǒ以yǐ授shòu事shì必bì随suí官guān序xù,司sī徒tú奉fèng牛niú之zhī属shǔ者zhě,官guān由yóu贤xián能néng而ér兴xīng,今jīn欲yù尊zūn崇chóng此cǐ贤xián,故gù授shòu事shì以yǐ表biǎo之zhī也yě。○“登dēng馂jùn、受shòu爵jué则zé以yǐ上shàng嗣sì,尊zūn祖zǔ之zhī道dào也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì所suǒ以yǐ登dēng馂jùn、受shòu爵jué用yòng適shì子zi者zhě。夫fū祭jì祀sì是shì尊zūn严yán於yú祖zǔ也yě,適shì子zi是shì先xiān祖zǔ之zhī正zhèng体tǐ,故gù使shǐ受shòu爵jué於yú尸shī,及jí升shēng馂jùn尸shī馔zhuàn,是shì尊zūn祖zǔ之zhī道dào理lǐ也yě。“丧sàng纪jì以yǐ服fú之zhī轻qīng重zhòng为wèi序xù,不bù夺duó人rén亲qīn也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián第dì五wǔ条tiáo,臣chén服fú君jūn皆jiē斩zhǎn而ér巳sì,又yòu以yǐ本běn轻qīng者zhě为wèi下xià,本běn重zhòng者zhě为wèi上shàng,不bù计jì爵jué尊zūn卑bēi为wèi次cì序xù者zhě,是shì不bù夺duó人rén本běn亲qīn之zhī恩ēn,故gù轻qīng重zhòng为wèi序xù也yě。○“公gōng与yǔ族zú燕yàn则zé以yǐ齿chǐ,而ér孝xiào弟dì之zhī道dào达dá矣yǐ”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián第dì六liù条tiáo,公gōng所suǒ以yǐ降jiàng巳sì尊zūn而ér与yǔ族zú人rén燕yàn会huì齿chǐ列liè,是shì欲yù使shǐ孝xiào弟dì之zhī道dào通tōng达dá於yú下xià也yě。君jūn尚shàng有yǒu亲qīn而ér与yǔ族zú人rén燕yàn,则zé民mín有yǒu亲qīn属shǔ者zhě,岂qǐ得dé相xiāng遗yí弃qì,此cǐ孝xiào弟dì之zhī道dào达dá於yú下xià也yě。○“其qí族zú”至zhì“杀shā也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì族zú食shí之zhī事shì,近jìn者zhě食shí稠chóu,远yuǎn者zhě食shí希xī,每měi世shì降jiàng一yī等děng,是shì亲qīn亲qīn之zhī杀shā也yě。○“战zhàn则zé守shǒu於yú公gōng祢mí,孝xiào爱ài之zhī深shēn也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián第dì七qī条tiáo公gōng在zài军jūn战zhàn伐fá之zhī事shì,而ér载zài迁qiān主zhǔ将jiàng行xíng又yòu使shǐ庶shù子zi官guān主zhǔ守shǒu之zhī者zhě,是shì为wèi孝xiào爱ài情qíng深shēn故gù也yě。载zài主zhǔ将jiàng行xíng,示shì不bù自zì专zhuān,是shì孝xiào也yě。使shǐ守shǒu而ér尊zūn之zhī,是shì爱ài也yě。乃nǎi是shì孝xiào爱ài之zhī深shēn也yě。○“正zhèng室shì守shǒu大dà庙miào,尊zūn宗zōng室shì”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì所suǒ以yǐ遣qiǎn適shì子zi守shǒu大dà庙miào,適shì子zi是shì宗zōng室shì之zhī正zhèng,大dà庙miào是shì祖zǔ之zhī正zhèng,用yòng適shì子zi守shǒu大dà庙miào,是shì尊zūn於yú宗zōng及jí庙miào之zhī室shì故gù也yě。○“而ér君jūn臣chén之zhī道dào著zhù矣yǐ”者zhě,臣chén下xià不bù敢gǎn以yǐ庶shù贱jiàn之zhī人rén守shǒu君jūn所suǒ重zhòng,是shì君jūn臣chén之zhī道dào著zhù明míng也yě。○“诸zhū父fù诸zhū兄xiōng守shǒu贵guì室shì,子zǐ弟dì守shǒu下xià室shì,而ér让ràng道dào达dá矣yǐ”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián诸zhū父fù诸zhū子zi诸zhū孙sūn守shǒu贵guì宫gōng下xià室shì之zhī事shì,而ér贵guì者zhě守shǒu贵guì,贱jiàn者zhě守shǒu贱jiàn,贱jiàn者zhě让ràng於yú贵guì,贵guì者zhě不bù相xiāng陵líng犯fàn,是shì让ràng道dào达dá也yě。五wǔ庙miào之zhī孙sūn,祖zǔ庙miào未wèi毁huǐ,虽suī及jí庶shù人rén,冠guān、取qǔ妻qī必bì告gào,死sǐ必bì赴fù,不bù忘wàng亲qīn也yě。亲qīn未wèi绝jué而ér列liè於yú庶shù人rén,贱jiàn无wú能néng也yě。敬jìng吊diào、临lín、赙fù、赗fèng,睦mù友yǒu之zhī道dào也yě。古gǔ者zhě庶shù子zi之zhī官guān治zhì而ér邦bāng国guó有yǒu伦lún,邦bāng国guó有yǒu伦lún而ér众zhòng乡xiāng方fāng矣yǐ。乡xiāng方fāng,言yán知zhī所suǒ乡xiāng。○临lín如rú字zì,徐xú力lì鸩zhèn反fǎn。治zhì,直zhí吏lì反fǎn。乡xiāng,许xǔ亮liàng反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。公gōng族zú之zhī罪zuì虽suī亲qīn,不bù以yǐ犯fàn有yǒu司sī正zhèng术shù也yě,所suǒ以yǐ体tǐ百bǎi姓xìng也yě。犯fàn犹yóu干gàn也yě。术shù,法fǎ也yě。○百bǎi姓xìng,本běn或huò作zuò异yì姓xìng,非fēi。刑xíng于yú隐yǐn者zhě,不bù与yǔ国guó人rén虑lǜ兄xiōng弟dì也yě。弗fú吊diào,弗fú为wèi服fú,哭kū于yú异yì姓xìng之zhī庙miào,为wèi忝tiǎn祖zǔ,远yuǎn之zhī也yě。素sù服fú居jū外wài,不bù听tīng乐lè,私sī丧sàng之zhī也yě,骨gǔ肉ròu之zhī亲qīn无wú绝jué也yě。公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng,不bù翦jiǎn其qí类lèi也yě。翦jiǎn,割gē截jié也yě。○远yuǎn,于yú万wàn反fǎn。[疏shū]“五wǔ庙miào”至zhì“类lèi也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián第dì八bā条tiáo祖zǔ庙miào未wèi毁huǐ,虽suī及jí庶shù人rén冠guān、取qǔ妻qī必bì告gào,死sǐ必bì赴fù之zhī事shì。所suǒ以yǐ告gào、必bì赴fù者zhě,君jūn不bù以yǐ贵guì仍réng统tǒng於yú亲qīn,故gù族zú人rén有yǒu事shì告gào、赴fù是shì不bù忘wàng亲qīn也yě。○“亲qīn未wèi绝jué而ér列liè於yú庶shù人rén,贱jiàn无wú能néng也yě”。○此cǐ解jiě既jì与yǔ君jūn有yǒu亲qīn,何hé得dé为wèi庶shù人rén者zhě,贱jiàn其qí无wú能néng也yě。○“敬jìng吊diào、临lín、赙fù、赗fèng,睦mù友yǒu之zhī道dào也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì前qián宜yí吊diào不bù吊diào,宜yí免miǎn不bù免miǎn,及jí赗fèng赙fù必bì有yǒu正zhèng焉yān,之zhī事shì言yán君jūn敬jìng重zhòng吊diào临lín赗fèng赙fù不bù使shǐ阙quē失shī者zhě,是shì君jūn亲qīn睦mù和hé友yǒu之zhī道dào也yě。○“古gǔ者zhě庶shù子zi之zhī官guān治zhì而ér邦bāng国guó有yǒu伦lún”者zhě,此cǐ合hé结jié须xū庶shù子zi官guān义yì也yě。不bù待dài於yú第dì九jiǔ条tiáo覆fù而ér先xiān在zài第dì八bā结jié者zhě,第dì九jiǔ是shì罪zuì恶è之zhī事shì,今jīn结jié邦bāng国guó之zhī功gōng,不bù宜yí与yǔ罪zuì恶è相xiāng连lián,故gù於yú此cǐ结jié也yě。伦lún,理lǐ也yě,言yán庶shù子zi宫gōng治zhì则zé邦bāng国guó治zhì理lǐ也yě。○“邦bāng国guó有yǒu伦lún,而ér众zhòng乡xiāng方fāng矣yǐ”者zhě,若ruò邦bāng国guó治zhì理lǐ,则zé天tiān下xià之zhī人rén众zhòng皆jiē知zhī其qí所suǒ乡xiāng之zhī方fāng矣yǐ。○“公gōng族zú之zhī罪zuì虽suī亲qīn,不bù以yǐ犯fàn有yǒu司sī正zhèng术shù也yě”者zhě,此cǐ释shì前qián第dì九jiǔ条tiáo也yě。犯fàn,干gàn也yě。有yǒu司sī,狱yù官guān也yě。术shù,法fǎ也yě。公gōng族zú之zhī亲qīn有yǒu罪zuì,公gōng应yīng宜yí放fàng赦shè之zhī,而ér犹yóu在zài五wǔ刑xíng者zhě,国guó立lì有yǒu司sī之zhī官guān,以yǐ法fǎ齐qí治zhì一yī切qiè。今jīn不bù可kě以yǐ私sī亲qīn之zhī罪zuì,而ér干gàn坏huài有yǒu司sī之zhī正zhèng法fǎ也yě。○“所suǒ以yǐ体tǐ百bǎi姓xìng也yě”者zhě,此cǐ解jiě公gōng所suǒ以yǐ不bù干gàn有yǒu司sī正zhèng法fǎ义yì也yě。法fǎ无wú二èr制zhì,故gù虽suī公gōng族zú之zhī亲qīn犹yóu治zhì之zhī,与yǔ百bǎi姓xìng为wèi一yī体tǐ,不bù得dé独dú有yǒu私sī也yě。○“刑xíng于yú隐yǐn者zhě,不bù与yǔ国guó人rén虑lǜ兄xiōng弟dì也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì上shàng致zhì刑xíng于yú甸diān人rén之zhī事shì。若ruò异yì姓xìng则zé刑xíng之zhī於yú市shì,此cǐ同tóng姓xìng刑xíng於yú甸diān师shī隐yǐn僻pì之zhī处chù者zhě,不bù与yǔ国guó人rén谋móu虑lǜ兄xiōng弟dì也yě。○“弗fú吊diào,弗fú为wèi服fú,哭kū于yú异yì姓xìng之zhī庙miào,为wèi忝tiǎn祖zǔ,远yuǎn之zhī也yě”者zhě,此cǐ覆fù释shì上shàng无wú服fú及jí公gōng亲qīn哭kū之zhī事shì,所suǒ以yǐ不bù吊diào无wú服fú哭kū於yú异yì姓xìng之zhī庙miào者zhě,为wèi其qí犯fàn罪zuì忝tiǎn辱rǔ先xiān祖zǔ,於yú公gōng法fǎ合hé疏shū远yuǎn之zhī也yě。“素sù服fú居jū外wài,不bù听tīng乐lè,私sī丧sàng之zhī也yě,骨gǔ肉ròu之zhī亲qīn无wú绝jué也yě”者zhě,覆fù释shì上shàng君jūn为wèi之zhī素sù服fú为wèi之zhī变biàn之zhī事shì。所suǒ以yǐ素sù服fú居jū在zài外wài寝qǐn不bù在zài内nèi,又yòu不bù听tīng乐lè为wèi之zhī变biàn常cháng者zhě,以yǐ其qí实shí是shì已yǐ亲qīn,私sī心xīn丧sàng之zhī也yě。所suǒ以yǐ私sī丧sàng之zhī者zhě,骨gǔ肉ròu之zhī亲qīn,虽suī犯fàn刑xíng戮lù,无wú断duàn绝jué之zhī理lǐ故gù也yě。○“公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng,不bù翦jiǎn其qí类lèi也yě”者zhě,覆fù释shì上shàng公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng。所suǒ以yǐ无wú宫gōng刑xíng者zhě,不bù可kě翦jiǎn其qí同tóng类lèi也yě。上shàng公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng在zài哭kū与yǔ素sù服fú之zhī前qián,此cǐ在zài哭kū与yǔ素sù服fú之zhī后hòu。此cǐ覆fù说shuō刑xíng杀shā之zhī后hòu,君jūn则zé哭kū之zhī,及jí素sù服fú文wén相xiāng连lián接jiē,待dài其qí事shì终zhōng,然rán后hòu别bié释shì公gōng族zú无wú宫gōng刑xíng,故gù在zài后hòu也yě。○注zhù“翦jiǎn,割gē截jié也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:公gōng族zú既jì无wú宫gōng刑xíng,当dāng髡kūn去qù其qí发fā,故gù《掌zhǎng戮lù》云yún“髡kūn者zhě使shǐ守shǒu积jī”,郑zhèng康kāng成chéng注zhù法fǎ云yún“谓wèi同tóng族zú不bù宫gōng者zhě”是shì也yě。天tiān子zi视shì学xué,大dà昕xīn鼓gǔ徵zhēng,所suǒ以yǐ警jǐng众zhòng也yě。早zǎo昧mèi爽shuǎng击jī鼓gǔ,以yǐ召zhào众zhòng也yě。警jǐng犹yóu起qǐ也yě。《周zhōu礼lǐ》“凡fán用yòng乐lè”,大dà胥xū“以yǐ鼓gǔ徵zhēng学xué士shì”。○昕xīn音yīn欣xīn,《说shuō文wén》云yún:“旦dàn明míng日rì将jiāng出chū也yě。读dú若ruò希xī。”警jǐng音yīn景jǐng。众zhòng至zhì,然rán后hòu天tiān子zi至zhì,乃nǎi命mìng有yǒu司sī行xíng事shì,兴xīng秩zhì节jié,祭jì先xiān师shī、先xiān圣shèng焉yān。兴xīng犹yóu举jǔ也yě。秩zhì,常cháng也yě。节jié犹yóu礼lǐ也yě。使shǐ有yǒu司sī摄shè其qí事shì,举jǔ常cháng礼lǐ祭jì先xiān师shī、先xiān圣shèng。不bù亲qīn祭jì之zhī者zhě,视shì学xué观guān礼lǐ耳ěr,非fēi为wèi彼bǐ报bào也yě。有yǒu司sī卒zú事shì反fǎn命mìng。告gào祭jì毕bì也yě。祭jì毕bì,天tiān子zi乃nǎi入rù。始shǐ之zhī养yǎng也yě。又yòu之zhī养yǎng老lǎo之zhī处chù。凡fán大dà合hé乐lè,必bì遂suì养yǎng老lǎo,是shì以yǐ往wǎng焉yān。言yán始shǐ,始shǐ立lì学xué也yě。○养yǎng如rú字zì,徐xú主zhǔ尚shàng反fǎn,后hòu皆jiē依yī徐xú音yīn。处chù,昌chāng虑lǜ反fǎn,下xià同tóng。適shì东dōng序xù,释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān老lǎo。亲qīn奠diàn之zhī者zhě,已yǐ所suǒ有yǒu事shì也yě。养yǎng老lǎo东dōng序xù,则zé是shì视shì学xué於yú上shàng庠xiáng。遂suì设shè三sān老lǎo、五wǔ更gēng、群qún老lǎo之zhī席xí位wèi焉yān。三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng各gè一yī人rén也yě,皆jiē年nián老lǎo更gēng事shì致zhì仕shì者zhě也yě。天tiān子zi以yǐ父fù兄xiōng养yǎng之zhī,示shì天tiān下xià之zhī孝xiào悌tì也yě。名míng以yǐ三sān五wǔ者zhě,取qǔ象xiàng三sān辰chén五wǔ星xīng,天tiān所suǒ因yīn以yǐ照zhào明míng天tiān下xià者zhě。群qún老lǎo无wú数shù,其qí礼lǐ亡wáng。以yǐ《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ礼lǐ》言yán之zhī,帝dì位wèi之zhī处chù,则zé三sān老lǎo如rú宾bīn,五wǔ更gēng如rú介jiè,群qún老lǎo如rú众zhòng宾bīn必bì也yě。○更gèng,江jiāng衡héng反fǎn,注zhù同tóng,蔡cài作zuò叟sǒu,音yīn系xì口kǒu反fǎn。適shì馔zhuàn省shěng醴lǐ,养yǎng老lǎo之zhī珍zhēn具jù。亲qīn视shì其qí所suǒ有yǒu。遂suì发fā咏yǒng焉yān。退tuì脩xiū之zhī,以yǐ孝xiào养yǎng也yě。发fā咏yǒng,谓wèi以yǐ乐lè纳nà之zhī。退tuì脩xiū之zhī,谓wèi既jì迎yíng而ér入rù,献xiàn之zhī以yǐ醴lǐ,献xiàn毕bì而ér乐lè阕què。反fǎn,登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》。反fǎn,谓wèi献xiàn群qún老lǎo毕bì,皆jiē升shēng就jiù席xí也yě。反fǎn就jiù席xí,乃nǎi席xí正zhèng於yú西xī阶jiē上shàng,歌gē《清qīng庙miào》以yǐ乐lè之zhī。既jì歌gē而ér语yǔ,以yǐ成chéng之zhī也yě。言yán父fù子zǐ、君jūn臣chén、长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī道dào,合hé德dé音yīn之zhī致zhì,礼lǐ之zhī大dà者zhě也yě。既jì歌gē,谓wèi乐lè正zhèng告gào正zhèng歌gē备bèi也yě。语yǔ,谈tán说shuō也yě。歌gē备bèi而ér旅lǚ,旅lǚ而ér说shuō父fù子zǐ君jūn臣chén长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī道dào,说shuō合hé乐lè之zhī所suǒ美měi,以yǐ成chéng其qí意yì。《乡xiāng射shè记jì》曰yuē:“古gǔ者zhě於yú族zú也yě语yǔ。”下xià管guǎn《象xiàng》,舞wǔ《大dà武wǔ》,大dà合hé众zhòng以yǐ事shì,达dá有yǒu神shén,兴xīng有yǒu德dé也yě。《象xiàng》,周zhōu武wǔ王wáng伐fá纣zhòu之zhī乐lè也yě。以yǐ管guǎn播bō其qí声shēng,又yòu为wèi之zhī舞wǔ,皆jiē於yú堂táng下xià。众zhòng谓wèi所suǒ合hé学xué士shì也yě。达dá有yǒu神shén,明míng天tiān授shòu命mìng周zhōu家jiā之zhī有yǒu神shén也yě。兴xīng有yǒu德dé,美měi文wén王wáng武wǔ王wáng有yǒu德dé,师shī乐lè为wèi用yòng,前qián歌gē后hòu舞wǔ。正zhèng君jūn臣chén之zhī位wèi,贵guì贱jiàn之zhī等děng焉yān,而ér上shàng下xià之zhī义yì行xíng矣yǐ。由yóu《清qīng庙miào》与yǔ《武wǔ》也yě。有yǒu司sī告gào以yǐ乐lè阕què,阕què,终zhōng也yě。告gào君jūn以yǐ歌gē舞wǔ之zhī乐lè终zhōng,此cǐ所suǒ告gào者zhě,谓wèi无wú筭suàn乐lè。王wáng乃nǎi命mìng公gōng、侯hóu、伯bó、子zi、男nán及jí群qún吏lì,曰yuē:“反fǎn,养yǎng老lǎo幼yòu于yú东dōng序xù。”终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén也yě。群qún吏lì,乡xiāng、遂suì之zhī官guān。王wáng於yú燕yàn之zhī末mò,而ér命mìng诸zhū侯hóu时shí朝zhāo会huì在zài此cǐ者zhě,各gè反fǎn养yǎng老lǎo如rú此cǐ礼lǐ,是shì终zhōng其qí仁rén心xīn。《孝xiào经jīng说shuō》所suǒ谓wèi诸zhū侯hóu归guī各gè帅shuài於yú国guó,大dà夫fū勤qín於yú朝cháo,州zhōu里lǐ《马mǎ岂qǐ》於yú邑yì是shì也yě。○《马mǎ岂qǐ》,皇huáng音yīn冀jì,冀jì,及jí也yě;本běn又yòu作zuò恺kǎi,又yòu作zuò骏jùn,骏jùn亦yì作zuò骥jì。[疏shū]“天tiān子zi视shì学xué,大dà昕xīn鼓gǔ,所suǒ以yǐ警jǐng众zhòng也yě”至zhì“之zhī以yǐ仁rén也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié是shì第dì四sì节jié中zhōng之zhī上shàng节jié,论lùn天tiān子zi视shì学xué必bì遂suì养yǎng老lǎo之zhī法fǎ则zé,养yǎng老lǎo既jì毕bì,乃nǎi命mìng诸zhū侯hóu群qún吏lì令lìng养yǎng老lǎo之zhī事shì。“天tiān子zi视shì学xué”者zhě,谓wèi仲zhòng春chūn合hé舞wǔ,季jì春chūn合hé乐lè,仲zhòng秋qiū合hé声shēng。於yú此cǐ之zhī时shí,天tiān子zi亲qīn往wǎng视shì学xué也yě。“大dà昕xīn鼓gǔ征zhēng”者zhě,谓wèi视shì学xué之zhī晨chén,大dà犹yóu初chū也yě。昕xīn犹yóu明míng也yě。征zhēng犹yóu召zhào也yě。谓wèi初chū始shǐ昕xīn明míng,击jī鼓gǔ以yǐ召zhào学xué士shì。所suǒ以yǐ警jǐng众zhòng者zhě,初chū昕xīn击jī鼓gǔ,警jǐng动dòng众zhòng人rén,令lìng早zǎo起qǐ也yě。○“众zhòng至zhì然rán后hòu天tiān子zi至zhì”者zhě,众zhòng人rén既jì闻wén鼓gǔ声shēng而ér起qǐ,先xiān至zhì会huì聚jù之zhī处chù,然rán后hòu天tiān子zi始shǐ至zhì,尊zūn者zhě体tǐ盘pán故gù也yě。○“乃nǎi命mìng有yǒu司sī行xíng事shì,兴xīng秩zhì节jié”者zhě,天tiān子zi既jì至zhì,乃nǎi命mìng遣qiǎn有yǒu司sī,行xíng此cǐ释shì奠diàn之zhī事shì。兴xīng,举jǔ也yě。秩zhì,常cháng也yě。节jié,礼lǐ也yě。谓wèi兴xīng举jǔ寻xún常cháng旧jiù礼lǐ,以yǐ祭jì先xiān师shī先xiān圣shèng焉yān。有yǒu司sī则zé《诗shī》、《书shū》、《礼lǐ》、《乐lè》之zhī教jiào官guān也yě。○“有yǒu司sī卒zú事shì反fǎn命mìng”者zhě,卒zú事shì谓wèi终zhōng卒zú释shì奠diàn之zhī事shì,行xíng事shì毕bì而ér反fǎn命mìng於yú天tiān子zi,于yú时shí天tiān子zi视shì学xué在zài虞yú庠xiáng之zhī中zhōng,有yǒu司sī释shì奠diàn既jì毕bì,天tiān子zi乃nǎi从cóng虞yú庠xiáng入rù反fǎn於yú国guó,明míng日rì乃nǎi之zhī东dōng序xù而ér养yǎng老lǎo,故gù云yún“始shǐ之zhī养yǎng也yě”。○“適shì东dōng序xù,释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān老lǎo”者zhě,若ruò其qí寻xún常cháng视shì学xué,则zé於yú东dōng胶jiāo中zhōng唯wéi行xíng养yǎng老lǎo之zhī礼lǐ。若ruò始shǐ立lì学xué,既jì视shì学xué毕bì,则zé適shì之zhī养yǎng老lǎo之zhī处chù,东dōng序xù之zhī中zhōng,天tiān子zi亲qīn自zì释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān世shì之zhī老lǎo,祀sì先xiān老lǎo既jì毕bì,遂suì设shè三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng群qún老lǎo之zhī席xí位wèi焉yān。○礼lǐ先xiān老lǎo毕bì,遂suì之zhī於yú东dōng序xù中zhōng,设shè三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng群qún老lǎo之zhī席xí位wèi焉yān。若ruò非fēi始shǐ立lì学xué,则zé不bù释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān老lǎo也yě。○“適shì馔zhuàn省shěng醴lǐ,养yǎng老lǎo之zhī珍zhēn具jù”者zhě,布bù席xí既jì毕bì,天tiān子zi亲qīn適shì陈chén馔zhuàn之zhī处chù,省xǐng视shì醴lǐ酒jiǔ,并bìng省xǐng视shì养yǎng老lǎo之zhī珍zhēn具jù。遂suì发fā咏yǒng焉yān者zhě,省shěng具jù既jì毕bì,出chū迎yíng三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng,将jiāng入rù门mén之zhī时shí,遂suì作zuò乐lè,发fā其qí歌gē咏yǒng,以yǐ乐lè纳nà之zhī也yě。○“退tuì脩xiū之zhī以yǐ孝xiào养yǎng也yě”,谓wèi三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng入rù,而ér即jí位wèi於yú西xī阶jiē下xià,天tiān子zi乃nǎi退tuì酌zhuó醴lǐ献xiàn之zhī,以yǐ脩xiū行xíng孝xiào养yǎng之zhī道dào也yě。○“反fǎn,登dēng歌gē清qīng庙miào”者zhě,反fǎn谓wèi反fǎn席xí,三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng群qún老lǎo初chū受shòu献xiàn毕bì,皆jiē立lì於yú西xī阶jiē下xià东dōng面miàn,今jīn皆jiē反fǎn升shēng就jiù席xí,乃nǎi使shǐ工gōng登dēng堂táng上shàng西xī阶jiē北běi面miàn,歌gē《清qīng庙miào》之zhī诗shī以yǐ乐lè之zhī也yě。“既jì歌gē而ér语yǔ以yǐ成chéng之zhī也yě”者zhě,谓wèi既jì歌gē《清qīng庙miào》之zhī后hòu,则zé至zhì旅lǚ酬chóu之zhī节jié,语yǔ谓wèi谈tán说shuō善shàn道dào,以yǐ成chéng就jiù天tiān子zi养yǎng老lǎo之zhī义yì也yě。言yán父fù子zǐ君jūn臣chén长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī道dào者zhě,所suǒ谈tán说shuō善shàn言yán,论lùn父fù子zǐ君jūn臣chén长zhǎng幼yòu尊zūn卑bēi上shàng下xià之zhī道dào理lǐ也yě。○“合hé德dé音yīn之zhī致zhì”者zhě,德dé音yīn谓wèi歌gē《清qīng庙miào》之zhī诗shī,文wén王wáng道dào德dé之zhī音yīn。致zhì谓wèi致zhì极jí也yě。言yán说shuō父fù子zǐ君jūn臣chén长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī道dào理lǐ,合hé会huì《清qīng庙miào》文wén王wáng道dào德dé音yīn声shēng,理lǐ之zhī至zhì极jí也yě。○“礼lǐ之zhī大dà者zhě也yě”,言yán登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》,语yǔ说shuō父fù子zǐ君jūn臣chén之zhī道dào,是shì礼lǐ之zhī大dà者zhě也yě。○“下xià管guǎn《象xiàng》,舞wǔ《大dà武wǔ》”者zhě,谓wèi登dēng歌gē之zhī后hòu,笙shēng入rù立lì於yú堂táng下xià,《象xiàng》谓wèi象xiàng武wǔ王wáng伐fá纣zhòu之zhī乐lè,堂táng下xià管guǎn中zhōng,奏zòu此cǐ《象xiàng》、《武wǔ》之zhī曲qū,庭tíng中zhōng舞wǔ此cǐ《大dà武wǔ》之zhī舞wǔ,《大dà武wǔ》即jí《象xiàng》也yě,变biàn文wén耳ěr。○“大dà合hé众zhòng以yǐ事shì”者zhě,众zhòng谓wèi大dà会huì聚jù学xué士shì,以yǐ登dēng歌gē下xià管guǎn之zhī事shì。○“达dá有yǒu神shén”者zhě,谓wèi歌gē舞wǔ其qí乐lè,明míng达dá上shàng天tiān授shòu命mìng周zhōu家jiā之zhī有yǒu神shén也yě。“兴xīng有yǒu德dé”者zhě,兴xīng谓wèi发fā起qǐ文wén王wáng武wǔ王wáng之zhī有yǒu德dé,使shǐ众zhòng前qián歌gē后hòu舞wǔ也yě。○“正zhèng君jūn臣chén之zhī位wèi,贵guì贱jiàn之zhī等děng焉yān”者zhě,登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》,文wén王wáng诗shī也yě。君jūn诗shī在zài上shàng,下xià管guǎn象xiàng,是shì武wǔ王wáng诗shī,臣chén诗shī在zài下xià,是shì正zhèng君jūn臣chén之zhī位wèi,贵guì贱jiàn之zhī等děng也yě。○“而ér上shàng下xià之zhī义yì行xíng矣yǐ”者zhě,既jì以yǐ此cǐ教jiào上shàng下xià,众zhòng知zhī之zhī,是shì上shàng下xià之zhī义yì行xíng於yú众zhòng庶shù也yě。○“有yǒu司sī告gào以yǐ乐lè阕què”者zhě,阕què,终zhōng也yě。谓wèi养yǎng老lǎo之zhī末mò,无wú筭suàn乐lè之zhī终zhōng也yě。有yǒu司sī告gào王wáng以yǐ乐lè终zhōng。○“王wáng乃nǎi命mìng公gōng侯hóu伯bó子zi男nán及jí群qún吏lì”者zhě,於yú时shí诸zhū侯hóu及jí乡xiāng遂suì之zhī吏lì在zài此cǐ席xí,王wáng燕yàn末mò,乃nǎi告gào之zhī,令lìng其qí养yǎng老lǎo幼yòu也yě。○“曰yuē反fǎn养yǎng老lǎo幼yòu于yú东dōng序xù”者zhě,此cǐ则zé王wáng所suǒ告gào诸zhū侯hóu之zhī辞cí也yě。令lìng其qí各gè反fǎn其qí国guó,养yǎng老lǎo幼yòu如rú我wǒ於yú东dōng序xù之zhī礼lǐ也yě。○“终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén也yě”者zhě,谓wèi仁rén恩ēn,王wáng家jiā恒héng自zì养yǎng老lǎo,是shì仁rén恩ēn也yě。又yòu令lìng诸zhū侯hóu州zhōu里lǐ而ér行xíng养yǎng老lǎo,是shì终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén,谓wèi仁rén恩ēn之zhī心xīn也yě。○注zhù“早zǎo昧mèi”至zhì“学xué士shì”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:经jīng云yún“大dà昕xīn”,昕xīn,明míng也yě。恐kǒng是shì盛shèng明míng之zhī时shí,故gù云yún早zǎo昧mèi爽shuǎng之zhī前qián,凡fán物wù以yǐ初chū为wèi大dà,以yǐ末mò为wèi小xiǎo。必bì知zhī早zǎo昧mèi爽shuǎng者zhě,以yǐ云yún鼓gǔ征zhēng众zhòng至zhì,然rán后hòu天tiān子zi至zhì。若ruò其qí盛shèng明míng始shǐ召zhào学xué士shì则zé晚wǎn矣yǐ。○注zhù“兴xīng犹yóu”至zhì“报bào也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“秩zhì,常cháng也yě”,《释shì诂gǔ》文wén也yě。云yún“举jǔ常cháng礼lǐ祭jì先xiān师shī先xiān圣shèng”者zhě,此cǐ谓wèi因yīn大dà合hé乐lè之zhī时shí,在zài虞yú庠xiáng之zhī中zhōng,祭jì先xiān师shī先xiān圣shèng也yě。若ruò四sì时shí常cháng奠diàn,各gè於yú其qí学xué之zhī中zhōng,又yòu不bù祭jì先xiān圣shèng也yě。云yún“视shì学xué观guān礼lǐ耳ěr,非fēi为wèi彼bǐ报bào也yě”者zhě,解jiě天tiān子zi不bù亲qīn释shì奠diàn之zhī意yì。所suǒ以yǐ视shì学xué者zhě,观guān看kàn有yǒu司sī行xíng礼lǐ耳ěr,非fēi是shì为wèi彼bǐ学xué士shì而ér报bào先xiān圣shèng先xiān师shī也yě。○注zhù“凡fán大dà”至zhì“学xué也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:言yán“凡fán大dà合hé乐lè必bì遂suì养yǎng老lǎo”者zhě,为wèi其qí养yǎng老lǎo,是shì以yǐ往wǎng焉yān。大dà合hé乐lè者zhě,郑zhèng前qián注zhù春chūn合hé舞wǔ、秋qiū合hé声shēng为wèi大dà合hé乐lè,其qí实shí《月yuè令lìng》季jì春chūn合hé乐lè亦yì是shì也yě。云yún“言yán始shǐ,始shǐ立lì学xué也yě”者zhě,以yǐ上shàng文wén称chēng云yún始shǐ立lì学xué,故gù以yǐ此cǐ始shǐ为wèi始shǐ立lì学xué。若ruò然rán始shǐ立lì学xué则zé之zhī养yǎng老lǎo,而ér寻xún常cháng视shì学xué则zé不bù养yǎng老lǎo,何hé得dé云yún“凡fán大dà合hé乐lè必bì遂suì养yǎng老lǎo”者zhě?然rán此cǐ云yún始shǐ之zhī养yǎng也yě,为wèi下xià释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān老lǎo之zhī学xué,故gù云yún始shǐ立lì学xué也yě。若ruò非fēi始shǐ立lì学xué之zhī后hòu,则zé视shì学xué凡fán养yǎng老lǎo於yú东dōng胶jiāo,不bù释shì奠diàn於yú先xiān老lǎo也yě。皇huáng氏shì云yún:“若ruò寻xún常cháng视shì学xué,则zé养yǎng老lǎo於yú东dōng胶jiāo;若ruò始shǐ立lì学xué,则zé养yǎng老lǎo於yú东dōng序xù。”以yǐ为wéi周zhōu立lì三sān代dài之zhī学xué,又yòu立lì周zhōu之zhī大dà学xué於yú东dōng谓wèi之zhī东dōng胶jiāo,立lì小xiǎo学xué於yú西xī郊jiāo谓wèi之zhī虞yú庠xiáng,故gù以yǐ东dōng胶jiāo别bié也yě。○注zhù“三sān老lǎo”至zhì“必bì也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“三sān老lǎo五wǔ更gēng,各gè一yī人rén”,蔡cài邕yōng以yǐ为wéi更gèng字zì为wèi叟sǒu。叟sǒu,老lǎo称chēng。又yòu以yǐ三sān老lǎo为wèi三sān人rén,五wǔ更gēng为wèi五wǔ人rén,非fēi郑zhèng义yì也yě,今jīn所suǒ不bù取qǔ。云yún“皆jiē年nián老lǎo更gēng事shì致zhì仕shì”者zhě,三sān老lǎo亦yì有yǒu更gēng名míng,五wǔ更gēng亦yì有yǒu老lǎo称chēng,但dàn尊zūn此cǐ老lǎo名míng,特tè属shǔ三sān老lǎo耳ěr。以yǐ其qí天tiān子zi父fù兄xiōng所suǒ事shì,故gù知zhī致zhì仕shì者zhě,知zhī天tiān子zi以yǐ父fù兄xiōng养yǎng之zhī者zhě,以yǐ天tiān子zi冕miǎn而ér总zǒng干gàn而ér舞wǔ,执zhí酱jiàng而ér馈kuì,是shì父fù兄xiōng事shì也yě。云yún“取qǔ象xiàng三sān辰chén五wǔ星xīng”者zhě,三sān辰chén谓wèi日rì月yuè星xīng,五wǔ星xīng谓wèi东dōng方fāng岁suì星xīng,南nán方fāng荧yíng惑huò,西xī方fāng大dà白bái,北běi方fāng辰chén星xīng,中zhōng央yāng镇zhèn星xīng。其qí三sān辰chén之zhī星xīng者zhě,二èr十shí八bā宿xiù及jí诸zhū星xīng也yě。云yún“三sān老lǎo如rú宾bīn,五wǔ更gēng如rú介jiè”者zhě,案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ注zhù》“敷fū席xí,宾bīn席xí,牖yǒu前qián南nán面miàn。介jiè席xí,西xī阶jiē上shàng东dōng面miàn”是shì也yě。云yún“群qún老lǎo如rú众zhòng宾bīn必bì也yě”者zhě,三sān老lǎo既jì如rú宾bīn,五wǔ更gēng既jì如rú介jiè,故gù群qún老lǎo如rú众zhòng宾bīn,以yǐ其qí无wú文wén,故gù云yún必bì也yě。案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ注zhù》“席xí众zhòng宾bīn於yú宾bīn之zhī西xī南nán面miàn,各gè特tè焉yān”是shì也yě。○注zhù“发fā咏yǒng”至zhì“乐lè阕què”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ文wén承chéng“设shè席xí省shěng醴lǐ”之zhī后hòu也yě,云yún发fā咏yǒng,以yǐ大dà射shè之zhī礼lǐ约yuē之zhī,当dāng纳nà宾bīn之zhī节jié。案àn《大dà射shè》宾bīn入rù及jí庭tíng,奏zòu《肆sì夏xià》,此cǐ养yǎng老lǎo既jì尊zūn,故gù用yòng两liǎng君jūn敌dí礼lǐ,入rù门mén即jí奏zòu《肆sì夏xià》,故gù《仲zhòng尼ní燕yàn居jū》云yún“入rù门mén而ér县xiàn兴xīng”是shì也yě。云yún“退tuì脩xiū之zhī,谓wèi既jì迎yíng而ér入rù,献xiàn之zhī以yǐ醴lǐ”者zhě,谓wèi迎yíng老lǎo、更gèng就jiù位wèi,主zhǔ人rén乃nǎi退tuì酌zhuó醴lǐ献xiàn之zhī也yě。○注zhù“反fǎn就jiù”至zhì“乐lè之zhī”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:知zhī反fǎn就jiù席xí,乃nǎi席xí工gōng於yú西xī阶jiē上shàng者zhě,约yuē《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ礼lǐ》文wén知zhī之zhī也yě。○注zhù“既jì歌gē”至zhì“也yě语yǔ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ》登dēng歌gē之zhī后hòu,乃nǎi下xià管guǎn,间jiān歌gē合hé乐lè之zhī后hòu,乐lè正zhèng告gào云yún正zhèng歌gē备bèi。定dìng本běn云yún正zhèng歌gē云yún工gōng歌gē备bèi,误wù也yě。工gōng当dāng为wèi正zhèng也yě。云yún“歌gē备bèi而ér旅lǚ”者zhě,案àn《乡xiāng饮yǐn酒jiǔ》之zhī礼lǐ,告gào正zhèng歌gē备bèi后hòu,作zuò相xiāng为wèi司sī正zhèng,宾bīn取qǔ觯zhì酬chóu主zhǔ人rén,主zhǔ人rén酬chóu众zhòng宾bīn,是shì歌gē备bèi而ér旅lǚ酬chóu也yě。旅lǚ酬chóu之zhī时shí则zé语yǔ说shuō,合hé於yú乐lè之zhī所suǒ美měi,以yǐ成chéng其qí意yì者zhě,解jiě经jīng“合hé德dé音yīn之zhī致zhì”。乐lè之zhī所suǒ美měi,谓wèi《清qīng庙miào》之zhī诗shī,所suǒ美měi文wén王wáng有yǒu君jūn臣chén父fù子zǐ长zhǎng幼yòu之zhī德dé。今jīn於yú旅lǚ之zhī时shí,论lùn说shuō君jūn臣chén父fù子zǐ之zhī道dào,合hé会huì《清qīng庙miào》所suǒ美měi之zhī事shì,以yǐ成chéng就jiù其qí升shēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》之zhī意yì。○注zhù“象xiàng周zhōu”至zhì“后hòu舞wǔ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《诗shī》“维wéi清qīng奏zòu《象xiàng》舞wǔ”,是shì武wǔ王wáng作zuò乐lè称chēng《象xiàng》也yě。故gù《左zuǒ传zhuàn》云yún:“见jiàn舞wǔ象xiàng箾shuò南nán籥yuè。”必bì知zhī此cǐ是shì武wǔ王wáng伐fá纣zhòu乐lè者zhě,以yǐ上shàng文wén云yún“登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》”,此cǐ云yún“下xià管guǎn象xiàng”,下xià云yún“正zhèng君jūn臣chén之zhī位wèi,上shàng下xià之zhī义yì”,故gù知zhī此cǐ《象xiàng》为wèi武wǔ王wáng乐lè在zài堂táng下xià也yě。云yún“师shī乐lè为wèi用yòng,前qián歌gē后hòu舞wǔ”者zhě,是shì今jīn文wén《泰tài誓shì》之zhī文wén也yě。○注zhù“由yóu清qīng庙miào与yǔ武wǔ也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》,下xià管guǎn《象xiàng》,父fù诗shī在zài上shàng,子zi诗shī在zài下xià,故gù得dé正zhèng君jūn臣chén之zhī位wèi,贵guì贱jiàn之zhī等děng也yě。○注zhù“此cǐ所suǒ告gào者zhě,谓wèi无wú筭suàn乐lè”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:以yǐ上shàng云yún“登dēng歌gē《清qīng庙miào》”,次cì“下xià管guǎn《象xiàng》”,此cǐ云yún“告gào以yǐ乐lè阕què”,下xià即jí云yún王wáng乃nǎi命mìng诸zhū侯hóu反fǎn养yǎng者zhě,是shì燕yàn末mò之zhī事shì,故gù知zhī乐lè阕què者zhě,谓wèi无wú筭suàn乐lè也yě。○注zhù“群qún吏lì”至zhì“是shì也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:经jīng云yún“乃nǎi命mìng公gōng侯hóu伯bó子zi男nán”,又yòu云yún“及jí群qún吏lì”,诸zhū侯hóu既jì为wèi畿jī外wài,故gù知zhī群qún吏lì谓wèi畿jī内nèi乡xiāng遂suì之zhī官guān也yě。云yún“各gè反fǎn养yǎng老lǎo如rú此cǐ礼lǐ,是shì终zhōng其qí仁rén心xīn”者zhě,此cǐ是shì王wáng命mìng诸zhū侯hóu群qún吏lì,使shǐ之zhī养yǎng老lǎo如rú此cǐ礼lǐ,谓wèi如rú王wáng家jiā於yú东dōng序xù之zhī礼lǐ,是shì终zhōng竟jìng其qí仁rén心xīn也yě。云yún“《孝xiào经jīng说shuō》”以yǐ下xià者zhě,《孝xiào经jīng援yuán神shén契qì》文wén。云yún“诸zhū侯hóu归guī各gè帅shuài於yú国guó”者zhě,诸zhū侯hóu还hái归guī帅shuài行xíng於yú国guó;云yún“大dà夫fū勤qín於yú朝cháo”者zhě,大dà夫fū勤qín力lì行xíng之zhī於yú朝cháo;云yún“州zhōu里lǐ《马mǎ岂qǐ》於yú邑yì”者zhě,州zhōu长zhǎng里lǐ宰zǎi之zhī官guān希xī《马mǎ岂qǐ》慕mù仰yǎng行xíng之zhī於yú邑yì是shì也yě,谓wèi此cǐ在zài下xià奉fèng行xíng在zài上shàng之zhī事shì也yě。是shì故gù圣shèng人rén之zhī记jì事shì也yě,虑lǜ之zhī以yǐ大dà,谓wèi先xiān本běn於yú孝xiào弟dì之zhī道dào。爱ài之zhī以yǐ敬jìng,谓wèi省shěng其qí所suǒ以yǐ养yǎng老lǎo之zhī具jù。行xíng之zhī以yǐ礼lǐ,谓wèi亲qīn迎yíng之zhī如rú见jiàn父fù兄xiōng。脩xiū之zhī以yǐ孝xiào养yǎng,谓wèi亲qīn献xiàn之zhī荐jiàn之zhī。纪jì之zhī以yǐ义yì,谓wèi既jì歌gē而ér语yǔ之zhī。终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén。谓wèi又yòu以yǐ命mìng诸zhū侯hóu归guī於yú国guó复fù自zì行xíng之zhī。[疏shū]“是shì故gù”至zhì“以yǐ仁rén”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ一yī节jié是shì第dì四sì节jié中zhōng之zhī下xià节jié,申shēn说shuō视shì学xué养yǎng老lǎo之zhī义yì。“是shì故gù圣shèng人rén之zhī记jì事shì也yě”者zhě,方fāng释shì养yǎng老lǎo之zhī义yì。记jì事shì,谓wèi圣shèng人rén亲qīn行xíng养yǎng老lǎo之zhī礼lǐ,记jì序xù前qián代dài之zhī事shì也yě。“虑lǜ之zhī以yǐ大dà”者zhě,先xiān解jiě初chū将jiāng谋móu虑lǜ养yǎng老lǎo之zhī时shí也yě。虑lǜ,谋móu也yě。大dà谓wèi孝xiào弟dì也yě。言yán谋móu虑lǜ於yú养yǎng老lǎo之zhī事shì,是shì本běn於yú孝xiào弟dì故gù也yě,故gù云yún“虑lǜ之zhī以yǐ大dà也yě”。○“爱ài之zhī以yǐ敬jìng”者zhě,解jiě“適shì馔zhuàn省shěng醴lǐ”,是shì爱ài而ér又yòu敬jìng之zhī也yě。○“行xíng之zhī以yǐ礼lǐ”者zhě,解jiě“遂suì发fā咏yǒng焉yān”而ér自zì迎yíng之zhī,如rú见jiàn父fù兄xiōng之zhī礼lǐ也yě。○“脩xiū之zhī以yǐ孝xiào养yǎng”者zhě,解jiě既jì迎yíng又yòu亲qīn献xiàn醴lǐ荐jiàn馔zhuàn,是shì脩xiū於yú孝xiào养yǎng故gù也yě。○“纪jì之zhī以yǐ义yì”者zhě,解jiě“既jì歌gē而ér语yǔ”,是shì纪jì录lù德dé音yīn之zhī义yì,亦yì存cún天tiān下xià之zhī大dà义yì也yě。○“终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén”者zhě,解jiě乐lè阕què而ér又yòu命mìng诸zhū臣chén,令lìng归guī国guó各gè行xíng此cǐ礼lǐ,是shì终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén心xīn也yě。是shì故gù古gǔ之zhī人rén,一yī举jǔ事shì,而ér众zhòng皆jiē知zhī其qí德dé之zhī备bèi也yě。古gǔ之zhī君jūn子zǐ,举jǔ大dà事shì必bì慎shèn其qí终zhōng始shǐ,而ér众zhòng安ān得dé不bù喻yù焉yān。言yán其qí为wèi之zhī本běn末mò露lù见jiàn,尽jǐn可kě得dé而ér知zhī也yě。喻yù犹yóu晓xiǎo也yě。《兑duì命mìng》曰yuē:“念niàn终zhōng始shǐ典diǎn于yú学xué。”兑duì当dāng为wèi说shuō,《说shuō命mìng》书shū篇piān名míng,殷yīn高gāo宗zōng之zhī臣chén傅fù说shuō之zhī所suǒ作zuò。典diǎn,常cháng也yě。念niàn事shì之zhī终zhōng始shǐ常cháng於yú学xué。学xué,礼lǐ义yì之zhī府fǔ。○兑duì,注zhù作zuò说shuō,同tóng音yīn悦yuè。[疏shū]“是shì故gù”至zhì“于yú学xué”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ亦yì是shì第dì四sì节jié中zhōng之zhī下xià节jié,覆fù说shuō养yǎng老lǎo而ér在zài下xià众zhòng庶shù知zhī道dào德dé之zhī备bèi其qí在zài学xué乎hū。“一yī举jǔ事shì而ér众zhòng皆jiē知zhī其qí德dé之zhī备bèi”者zhě,谓wèi一yī举jǔ养yǎng老lǎo之zhī事shì以yǐ示shì於yú下xià,而ér众zhòng皆jiē知zhī其qí在zài上shàng道dào德dé备bèi具jù。其qí备bèi具jù者zhě,则zé“上shàng虑lǜ之zhī以yǐ大dà,爱ài之zhī以yǐ敬jìng,行xíng之zhī以yǐ礼lǐ”之zhī属shǔ是shì也yě。○“古gǔ之zhī君jūn子zǐ,举jǔ大dà事shì必bì慎shèn其qí终zhōng始shǐ”者zhě,大dà事shì谓wèi养yǎng老lǎo,初chū则zé虑lǜ之zhī以yǐ大dà,是shì慎shèn其qí始shǐ,末mò则zé终zhōng之zhī以yǐ仁rén,是shì慎shèn其qí终zhōng也yě,而ér众zhòng安ān得dé不bù喻yù焉yān。圣shèng人rén养yǎng老lǎo,既jì慎shèn其qí本běn末mò终zhōng始shǐ,一yī一yī露lù见jiàn,尽jǐn以yǐ示shì众zhòng庶shù,而ér众zhòng何hé得dé不bù晓xiǎo喻yù焉yān?言yán众zhòng皆jiē晓xiǎo喻yù养yǎng老lǎo之zhī德dé也yě。○“《兑duì命mìng》曰yuē:念niàn终zhōng始shǐ典diǎn于yú学xué”者zhě,《兑duì命mìng》,《尚shàng书shū》篇piān名míng,殷yīn高gāo宗zōng之zhī臣chén传chuán说shuō所suǒ作zuò,录lù记jì者zhě既jì美měi养yǎng老lǎo终zhōng始shǐ,而ér众zhòng得dé晓xiǎo喻yù,是shì由yóu学xué而ér来lái,故gù引yǐn《兑duì命mìng》学xué为wèi可kě重zhòng之zhī事shì以yǐ结jié之zhī。云yún“念niàn终zhōng始shǐ”者zhě,言yán人rén君jūn念niàn录lù事shì之zhī终zhōng始shǐ,常cháng在zài於yú学xué中zhōng念niàn之zhī,以yǐ学xué为wèi礼lǐ义yì之zhī府fǔ,故gù圣shèng人rén於yú中zhōng而ér行xíng养yǎng老lǎo之zhī礼lǐ,是shì念niàn终zhōng始shǐ常cháng於yú学xué也yě。○注zhù“兑duì当dāng”至zhì“之zhī府fǔ”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:案àn《尚shàng书shū序xù》云yún“高gāo宗zōng梦mèng傅fù说shuō”,“得dé诸zhū傅fù岩yán,作zuò《说shuō命mìng》三sān篇piān”,故gù知zhī兑duì当dāng为wèi说shuō也yě。“典diǎn,常cháng也yě”,《释shì诂gǔ》文wén。《世shì子zi之zhī记jì》曰yuē:朝zhāo夕xī至zhì于yú大dà寝qǐn之zhī门mén外wài,问wèn於yú内nèi竖shù曰yuē:“今jīn日rì安ān否fǒu何hé如rú?”朝zhāo夕xī,朝cháo朝zhāo暮mù夕xī也yě。日rì中zhōng又yòu朝cháo,文wén王wáng之zhī为wèi世shì子zi,非fēi礼lǐ之zhī制zhì。世shì子zi之zhī礼lǐ亡wáng,言yán此cǐ存cún其qí《记jì》。○朝zhāo夕xī至zhì于yú,直zhí遥yáo反fǎn,旦dàn曰yuē朝cháo,暮mù曰yuē夕xī,旧jiù如rú字zì。朝cháo朝cháo,上shàng如rú字zì,下xià文wén“朝zhāo夕xī之zhī食shí上shàng”同tóng;下xià直zhí遥yáo反fǎn。内nèi竖shù曰yuē:“今jīn日rì安ān。”世shì子zi乃nǎi有yǒu喜xǐ色sè。其qí有yǒu不bù安ān节jié,则zé内nèi竖shù以yǐ告gào世shì子zi,世shì子zi色sè忧yōu不bù满mǎn容róng。色sè忧yōu,忧yōu浅qiǎn也yě。不bù及jí文wén王wáng行xíng不bù能néng正zhèng履lǚ。内nèi竖shù言yán“复fù初chū”,然rán后hòu亦yì复fù初chū。朝zhāo夕xī之zhī食shí上shàng,世shì子zi必bì在zài视shì寒hán暖nuǎn之zhī节jié。食shí下xià,问wèn所suǒ膳shàn。羞xiū必bì知zhī所suǒ进jìn,以yǐ命mìng膳shàn宰zǎi,然rán后hòu退tuì。羞xiū必bì知zhī所suǒ进jìn,必bì知zhī亲qīn所suǒ食shí。○上shàng,时shí掌zhǎng反fǎn。若ruò内nèi竖shù言yán疾jí,则zé世shì子zi亲qīn齐qí玄xuán而ér养yǎng,亲qīn犹yóu自zì也yě。养yǎng疾jí者zhě齐qí玄xuán,玄xuán冠guān、玄xuán端duān也yě。○齐qí,侧cè皆jiē反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。膳shàn宰zǎi之zhī馔zhuàn,必bì敬jìng视shì之zhī。疾jí者zhě之zhī食shí,齐qí和hé所suǒ欲yù或huò异yì。○齐qí,才cái细xì反fǎn。和hé,胡hú卧wò反fǎn。疾jí之zhī药yào,必bì亲qīn尝cháng之zhī。试shì毒dú味wèi也yě。尝cháng馔zhuàn善shàn,则zé世shì子zi亦yì能néng食shí。善shàn谓wèi多duō於yú前qián。尝cháng馔zhuàn寡guǎ,世shì子zi亦yì不bù能néng饱bǎo。又yòu不bù及jí武wǔ王wáng一yī饭fàn再zài饭fàn。以yǐ至zhì于yú复fù初chū,然rán后hòu亦yì复fù初chū。复fù常cháng所suǒ服fú。[疏shū]“世shì子zi”至zhì“复fù初chū”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ第dì三sān节jié也yě。以yǐ文wén王wáng为wèi世shì子zi,是shì圣shèng人rén之zhī法fǎ也yě,不bù可kě以yǐ为wéi常cháng行xíng,故gù此cǐ记jì寻xún常cháng世shì子zi之zhī礼lǐ也yě。○“则zé世shì子zi亲qīn齐qí玄xuán而ér养yǎng”者zhě,内nèi竖shù既jì言yán有yǒu疾jí,则zé世shì子zi亲qīn自zì齐qí戒jiè,衣yī玄xuán冠guān玄xuán端duān而ér养yǎng也yě。○注zhù“亲qīn犹yóu”至zhì“端duān也yě”。○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:经jīng云yún“亲qīn齐qí”,恐kǒng是shì世shì子zi亲qīn视shì齐qí戒jiè之zhī事shì,非fēi身shēn自zì为wèi,故gù云yún“亲qīn犹yóu自zì也yě”。以yǐ其qí玄xuán冠guān而ér养yǎng,是shì世shì子zi自zì养yǎng,故gù知zhī齐qí是shì世shì子zi自zì齐qí也yě。云yún“齐qí玄xuán,玄xuán冠guān玄xuán端duān也yě”,以yǐ经jīng直zhí云yún“齐qí玄xuán”,故gù知zhī冠guān衣yī皆jiē玄xuán也yě,是shì以yǐ为wéi玄xuán冠guān玄xuán端duān。此cǐ则zé齐qí服fú,故gù《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún:“玄xuán冠guān丹dān组zǔ缨yīng,诸zhū侯hóu之zhī齐qí冠guān也yě。玄xuán冠guān綦qí组zǔ缨yīng,士shì之zhī齐qí冠guān也yě。”玄xuán端duān其qí衣yī,则zé缁zī布bù衣yī也yě。谓wèi之zhī端duān者zhě,端duān,正zhèng也yě。其qí制zhì正zhèng幅fú,袂mèi二èr尺chǐ二èr寸cùn,袪qū尺chǐ二èr寸cùn。郑zhèng注zhù《玉yù藻zǎo》云yún:“天tiān子zi诸zhū侯hóu,玄xuán端duān朱zhū裳shang。大dà夫fū素sù裳shang。”《士shì冠guàn礼lǐ》:“上shàng士shì玄xuán端duān玄xuán裳shang,中zhōng士shì玄xuán端duān黄huáng裳shang,下xià士shì玄xuán端duān杂zá裳shang。”齐qí必bì用yòng玄xuán者zhě,玄xuán是shì阴yīn之zhī色sè,阴yīn气qì静jìng,齐qí亦yì静jìng,故gù用yòng玄xuán也yě。

❖
🔊 本页支持朗读:点屏幕底部控制条即可听书(Chrome / Edge / Safari 支持)。 若未出现控制条,说明当前浏览器不支持语音朗读。
相关推荐