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高gāo后hòu时shí①,酷kù吏lì独dú有yǒu侯hóu封fēng②,刻kè轹lì宗zōng室shì③,侮wǔ辱rǔ功gōng臣chén。吕lǚ氏shì已yǐ败bài④,遂suì(禽qín)〔夷yí〕侯hóu封fēng之zhī家jiā⑤。孝xiào景jǐng时shí,晁cháo错cuò以yǐ刻kè深shēn⑥,颇pǒ用yòng术shù辅fǔ其qí资zī⑦,而ér七qī国guó之zhī乱luàn⑧,发fā怒nù于yú错cuò,错cuò卒zú以yǐ被bèi戮lù⑨。其qí后hòu有yǒu郅zhì都dōu、宁níng成chéng之zhī属shǔ⑩。

①高gāo后hòu:即jí汉hàn高gāo祖zǔ的de皇huáng后hòu吕lǚ雉zhì。②酷kù吏lì:以yǐ施shī行xíng严yán苛kē酷kù烈liè刑xíng法fǎ而ér闻wén名míng的de官guān吏lì。③刻kè轹lì:(lì,立lì):苛kē刻kè欺qī压yā。宗zōng室shì:皇huáng族zú。④公gōng元yuán前qián一yī八bā○年nián  ,吕lǚ后hòu死sǐ去qù,其qí族zú人rén吕lǚ禄lù、吕lǚ产chǎn等děng欲yù夺duó权quán,被bèi周zhōu勃bó和hé陈chén平píng等děng铲chǎn除chú消xiāo灭miè。⑤夷yí:铲chǎn除chú,消xiāo灭miè。⑥刻kè深shēn:刻kè苛kē严yán峻jùn。⑦术shù:法fǎ术shù。资zī:才cái能néng。按àn晁cháo错cuò事shì见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi一yī《袁yuán盎àng晁cháo错cuò列liè传zhuàn》。⑧七qī国guó之zhī乱luàn:指zhǐ吴wú、楚chǔ七qī国guó反fǎn叛pàn汉hàn王wáng朝cháo的de武wǔ装zhuāng叛pàn乱luàn。事shì详xiáng卷juǎn一yì百bǎi六liù《吴wú王wáng濞bì列liè传zhuàn》。⑨卒zú:终zhōng于yú。戮lù:杀shā。按àn七qī国guó叛pàn乱luàn后hòu,袁yuán盎àng诬wū陷xiàn晁cháo错cuò,景jǐng帝dì为wèi了le自zì己jǐ的de利lì益yì,杀shā了le晁cháo错cuò。⑩之zhī属shǔ:之zhī辈bèi。

郅zhì都dōu者zhě,杨yáng人rén也yě①。以yǐ郎láng事shì孝xiào文wén帝dì②。孝xiào景jǐng时shí,都dōu为wèi中zhōng郎láng将jiāng,敢gǎn直zhí谏jiàn,面miàn折zhé大dà臣chén于yú朝cháo③。尝cháng从cóng入rù上shàng林lín④,贾jiǎ姬jī如rú厕cè⑤,野yě彘zhì卒zú入rù厕cè⑥。上shàng目mù都dōu⑦,都dōu不bù行xíng。上shàng欲yù自zì持chí兵bīng救jiù贾jiǎ姬jī⑧,都dōu伏fú上shàng前qián曰yuē:“亡wáng一yī姬jī复fù一yī姬jī进jìn,天tiān下xià所suǒ少shǎo宁níng贾jiǎ姬jī等děng乎hū⑨?陛bì下xià纵zòng自zì轻qīng,奈nài宗zōng庙miào太tài后hòu何hé⑩!”上shàng还hái,彘zhì亦yì去qù。太tài后hòu闻wén之zhī,赐cì都dōu金jīn百bǎi斤jīn,由yóu此cǐ重zhòng郅zhì都dōu(11)。

济jǐ南nán氏shì宗zōng人rén三sān百bǎi余yú家jiā(12),豪háo猾huá(13),二èr千qiān石shí莫mò能néng制zhì(14),于yú是shì景jǐng帝dì乃nǎi拜bài都dōu为wèi济jǐ南nán太tài守shǒu。至zhì则zé族zú灭miè氏shì首shǒu恶è(15),余yú皆jiē股gǔ栗lì(16)。居jū岁suì余yú,郡jùn中zhōng不bù拾shí遗yí。旁páng十shí余yú郡jùn守shǒu畏wèi都dōu如rú大dà府fǔ(17)。

都dōu为wéi人rén勇yǒng,有yǒu气qì力lì,公gōng廉lián,不bù发fā私sī书shū(18),问wèn遗yí无wú所suǒ受shòu(19),请qǐng寄jì无wú所suǒ听tīng(20)。常cháng自zì称chēng曰yuē:“已yǐ倍bèi亲qīn而ér仕shì(21),身shēn固gù当dāng奉fèng职zhí死sǐ节jié官guān下xià,终zhōng不bù顾gù妻qī子zǐ矣yǐ(22)。”

郅zhì都dōu迁qiān为wèi中zhōng尉wèi(23),丞chéng相xiàng条tiáo侯hóu至zhì贵guì倨jù也yě,而ér都dōu揖yī丞chéng相xiàng(24)。是shì时shí民mín朴pǔ,畏wèi罪zuì自zì重zhòng,而ér都dōu独dú先xiān严yán酷kù,致zhì行xíng法fǎ不bù避bì贵guì戚qī,列liè侯hóu宗zōng室shì见jiàn都dōu,侧cè目mù而ér视shì,号hào曰yuē“苍cāng鹰yīng”。

临lín江jiāng王wáng征zhēng诣yì中zhōng尉wèi府fǔ对duì薄báo(25),临lín江jiāng王wáng欲yù得dé刀dāo笔bǐ为wèi书shū谢xiè上shàng(26),而ér都dōu禁jìn吏lì不bù予yǔ。魏wèi其qí侯hóu使shǐ人rén以yǐ间jiān与yǔ临lín江jiāng王wáng(27)。临lín江jiāng王wáng既jì为wèi书shū谢xiè上shàng,因yīn自zì杀shā。窦dòu太tài后hòu闻wén之zhī,怒nù,以yǐ危wēi法fǎ中zhōng都dū(28),都dōu免miǎn归guī家jiā。孝xiào景jǐng帝dì乃nǎi使shǐ使shǐ持chí节jié拜bài都dōu为wèi雁yàn门mén太tài守shǒu(29),而ér使shǐ道dào之zhī官guān(30),得dé以yǐ便biàn宜yí从cóng事shì(31)。匈xiōng奴nú素sù闻wén郅zhì都dōu节jié(32),居jū边biān,为wèi引yǐn兵bīng去qù,竟jìng郅zhì都dōu死sǐ不bù近jìn雁yàn门mén(33)。匈xiōng奴nú至zhì为wéi偶ǒu人rén象xiàng郅zhì都dōu(34),令lìng骑qí驰chí射shè,莫mò能néng中zhōng,见jiàn惮dàn如rú此cǐ(35)。匈xiōng奴nú患huàn之zhī。窦dòu太tài后hòu乃nǎi竟jìng中zhōng都dū以yǐ汉hàn法fǎ(36)。景jǐng帝dì曰yuē:“都dōu忠zhōng臣chén。”欲yù释shì之zhī。窦dòu太tài后hòu曰yuē:“临lín江jiāng王wáng独dú非fēi忠zhōng臣chén邪xié?”于yú是shì遂suì斩zhǎn郅zhì都dōu。

①杨yáng:地dì名míng。②事shì:事shì奉fèng。③面miàn折zhé:当dāng面miàn使shǐ人rén折zhé服fú。④上shàng林lín:即jí上shàng林lín苑yuàn。⑤贾jiǎ姬jī:汉hàn景jǐng帝dì的de一yī位wèi姬jī妾qiè。如rú:往wǎng。⑥野yě彘zhì(zhì,至zhì):野yě猪zhū。卒zú(cù,醋cù):通tōng“猝cù”,突tū然rán。⑦目mù:用yòng眼yǎn示shì意yì。⑧持chí兵bīng:拿ná着zhe兵bīng器qì。⑨亡wáng:失shī掉diào。复fù:又yòu。宁níng:难nán道dào。贾jiǎ姬jī等děng:同tóng贾jiǎ姬jī一yī样yàng的de人rén。⑩奈nài……何hé:对duì……怎zěn么me办bàn。(11)宗zōng庙miào:帝dì王wáng的de祖zǔ庙miào,这zhè里lǐ代dài指zhǐ朝cháo廷tíng。(11)宗zōng人rén:同tóng宗zōng之zhī人rén。(13)豪háo猾huá:强qiáng横hèng奸jiān猾huá。(14)二èr千qiān石shí:俸fèng禄lù为wèi二èr千qiān石shí的de官guān员yuán,此cǐ指zhǐ济jǐ南nán太tài守shǒu。(15)族zú灭miè:把bǎ整zhěng个gè家jiā族zú的de人rén全quán部bù杀shā死sǐ。首shǒu恶è,指zhǐ郡jùn中zhōng以yǐ姓xìng为wéi首shǒu作zuò恶è的de人rén。(16)股gǔ栗lì:大dà腿tuǐ发fā抖dǒu。此cǐ极jí言yán恐kǒng惧jù之zhī状zhuàng。栗lì:通tōng“慄lì”。(17)大dà府fǔ:高gāo层céng官guān府fǔ。按àn济jǐ南nán府fǔ本běn与yǔ周zhōu围wéi郡jùn府fǔ同tóng级jí,但dàn因yīn惧jù怕pà郅zhì都dōu,故gù那nà些xiē郡jùn府fǔ的de太tài守shǒu济jǐ南nán府fǔ视shì为wèi比bǐ自zì己jǐ高gāo的de上shàng级jí官guān府fǔ。(18)公gōng廉lián:公gōng正zhèng而ér廉lián洁jié。私sī书shū:私sī人rén求qiú情qíng的de信xìn。(19)问wèn遗yí(wèi,魏wèi):送sòng礼lǐ。(20)请qǐng寄jì:私sī人rén请qǐng托tuō。(21)倍bèi:通tōng“背bèi”。背bèi弃qì。仕shì:当dāng官guān。(22)奉fèng职zhí:奉fèng公gōng尽jìn职zhí。死sǐ节jié:为wèi节jié操cāo而ér死sǐ。官guān下xià:当dāng官guān的de职zhí位wèi之zhī上shàng。顾gù:挂guà念niàn。妻qī子zǐ:老lǎo婆pó与yǔ孩hái子zi。(23)迁qiān:提tí升shēng官guān职zhí。(24)条tiáo侯hóu:指zhǐ丞chéng相xiàng周zhōu亚yà夫fū。至zhì贵guì:最zuì高gāo贵guì。倨jù:傲ào慢màn。揖yī丞chéng相xiàng:向xiàng丞chéng相xiàng作zuò揖yī。此cǐ言yán郅zhì都dōu不bù阿ē附fù权quán贵guì,见jiàn到dào至zhì尊zūn贵guì的de丞chéng相xiàng,也yě只zhǐ是shì依yī礼lǐ而ér行xíng。揖yī:拱gǒng手shǒu之zhī礼lǐ。(25)临lín江jiāng王wáng:景jǐng帝dì太tài子zi刘liú荣róng,后hòu因yīn其qí母mǔ贾jiǎ姬jī失shī宠chǒng,被bèi废fèi除chú太tài子zi之zhī位wèi,封fēng为wèi临lín江jiāng王wáng。公gōng元yuán前qián一yī四sì六liù年nián,他tā被bèi控kòng犯fàn有yǒu侵qīn占zhàn宗zōng庙miào罪zuì,召zhào到dào中zhōng尉wèi府fǔ受shòu审shěn,遂suì自zì杀shā。这zhè里lǐ所suǒ记jì即jí此cǐ事shì。征zhēng:召zhào。诣yì:到dào……去qù。对duì簿bù:在zài公gōng堂táng受shòu审shěn。(26)刀dāo笔bǐ:古gǔ代dài书shū写xiě工gōng具jù。为wèi书shū:写xiě信xìn。谢xiè上shàng:向xiàng皇huáng上shàng谢xiè罪zuì。(27)魏wèi其qí侯hóu:窦dòu婴yīng。以yǐ间jiān:在zài暗àn中zhōng,即jí秘mì密mì地dì。与yǔ,给gěi。(28)危wēi法fǎ:严yán峻jùn之zhī法fǎ。中zhōng(zhòng,重zhòng):中zhòng伤shāng。这zhè里lǐ有yǒu弹tán劾hé的de意yì思si。(29)节jié:使shǐ者zhě的de信xìn物wù。(30)便biàn道dào之zhī官guān:乘chéng便biàn取qǔ道dào上shàng任rèn,不bù必bì至zhì朝cháo廷tíng谢xiè恩ēn。之zhī,官guān:上shàng任rèn,赴fù任rèn。(31)便biàn宜yí从cóng事shì:根gēn据jù实shí际jì情qíng况kuàng进jìn行xíng处chǔ理lǐ,不bù必bì奏zòu请qǐng。(32)节jié:行xíng事shì。(33)竟jìng:终zhōng。(34)至zhì:竟jìng然rán。偶ǒu人rén:木mù偶ǒu人rén。(35)惮dàn:怕pà。(36)中zhōng都dū以yǐ汉hàn法fǎ:用yòng汉hàn朝cháo法fǎ律lǜ中zhòng伤shāng郅zhì都dōu,使shǐ他tā构gòu成chéng死sǐ罪zuì。

宁níng成chéng者zhě,穰ráng人rén也yě。以yǐ郎láng谒yè者zhě事shì景jǐng帝dì。好hǎo气qì①,为wéi人rén小xiǎo吏lì,必bì陵líng其qí长zhǎng吏lì②;为wéi人rén上shàng,操cāo下xià如rú束shù湿shī薪xīn③。滑huá贼zéi任rèn威wēi④。稍shāo迁qiān至zhì济jǐ南nán都dū尉wèi⑤,而ér郅zhì都dōu为wèi守shǒu。始shǐ前qián数shù尉wèi皆jiē步bù入rù府fǔ,因yīn吏lì谒yè守shǒu如rú县xiàn令lìng⑥,其qí畏wèi郅zhì都dōu如rú此cǐ。及jí成chéng往wǎng,直zhí陵líng都dōu出chū其qí上shàng⑦。都dōu素sù闻wén其qí声shēng⑧,于yú是shì善shàn遇yù,与yǔ结jié欢huān。久jiǔ之zhī,郅zhì都dōu死sǐ,后hòu长cháng安ān左zuǒ右yòu宗zōng室shì多duō暴bào犯fàn法fǎ,于yú是shì上shàng召zhào宁níng成chéng为wéi中zhōng尉wèi。其qí治zhì郊jiāo郅zhì都dōu⑩,其qí廉lián弗fú如rú,然rán宗zōng室shì豪háo桀jié皆jiē人rén人rén惴zhuì恐kǒng。

武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,徙xǐ为wèi内nèi史shǐ。外wài戚qī多duō毁huǐ成chéng之zhī短duǎn(11),抵dǐ罪zuì髡kūn钳qián(12)。是shì时shí九jiǔ卿qīng罪zuì死sǐ即jí死sǐ (13),少shǎo被bèi刑xíng(14),而ér成chéng极jí刑xíng(15),自zì以yǐ为wéi不bù复fù收shōu(16),于yú是shì解jiě脱tuō(17),诈zhà刻kè传chuán出chū关guān归guī家jiā(18)。称chēng曰yuē:“仕shì不bù至zhì二èr千qiān石shí,贾jiǎ不bù至zhì万wàn万wàn,安ān可kě比bǐ人rén乎hū!”乃nǎi贳shì贷dài买mǎi陂bēi田tián千qiān余yú顷qǐng(19),假jiǎ贫pín民mín(20),役yì使shǐ数shù千qiān家jiā。数shù年nián,会huì赦shè。致zhì产chǎn数shù千qiān金jīn(21),为wèi任rèn侠xiá(22),持chí吏lì长cháng短duǎn(23),出chū从cóng数shù十shí骑qí。其qí使shǐ民mín威wēi重zhòng于yú郡jùn守shǒu。

①好hǎo气qì:好hào胜shèng。②陵líng:欺qī。③操cāo下xià:控kòng制zhì下xià属shǔ。④滑huá贼zéi:狡jiǎo猾huá凶xiōng狠hěn。任rèn威wēi:任rèn意yì使shǐ威wēi。⑤稍shāo:渐jiàn渐jiàn。⑥步bù入rù府fǔ:步bù行xíng进jìn入rù太tài守shǒu府fǔ。因yīn:通tōng过guò。谒yè:拜bài见jiàn。⑦直zhí:径jìng直zhí。陵líng:超chāo越yuè。⑧声shēng:名míng望wàng。⑨暴bào:凶xiōng残cán暴bào虐nüè。⑩效xiào:学xué习xí。(11)毁huǐ:指zhǐ责zé。短duǎn:缺quē点diǎn。(12)抵dǐ罪zuì:判pàn罪zuì。髡kūn(kūn,昆kūn)钳qián:髡kūn刑xíng与yǔ钳qián刑xíng。按àn剃tì光guāng头tóu发fā的de刑xíng罚fá称chēng髡kūn,拿ná铁tiě环huán束shù脖bó称chēng钳qián。(13)九jiǔ卿qīng:秦qín朝cháo时shí中zhōng央yāng政zhèng府fǔ各gè部bù长zhǎng官guān的de总zǒng称chēng。罪zuì:犯fàn罪zuì。(14)被bèi:加jiā。(15)极jí刑xíng:最zuì重zhòng的de刑xíng法fǎ,这zhè里lǐ指zhǐ髡kūn钳qián。(16)收shōu:录lù用yòng。(17)解jiě脱tuō:解jiě开kāi刑xíng具jù。(18)传chuán:出chū关guān的de证zhèng明míng文wén件jiàn。文wén字zì刻kè于yú木mù板bǎn之zhī上shàng。(19)贳shì(shi,世shì):赊shē欠qiàn。陂bēi(bēi,碑bēi)田tián:有yǒu水shuǐ可kě灌guàn溉gài的de田tián地dì。(20)假jiǎ:出chū租zū。(21)致zhì:得dé到dào。产chǎn:财cái产chǎn。(22)任rèn侠xiá:专zhuān做zuò制zhì强qiáng扶fú弱ruò,抱bào打dǎ不bù平píng之zhī事shì。(23)持chí:掌zhǎng握wò,要yāo挟xié。长cháng短duǎn:指zhǐ是shì非fēi。

周zhōu阳yáng由yóu者zhě,其qí父fù赵zhào兼jiān以yǐ淮huái南nán王wáng舅jiù父fù侯hóu周zhōu阳yáng①,故gù因yīn姓xìng周zhōu阳yáng氏shì。由yóu以yǐ宗zōng家jiā任rèn为wèi郎láng②,事shì孝xiào文wén及jí景jǐng帝dì。景jǐng帝dì时shí,由yóu为wèi郡jùn守shǒu。武wǔ帝dì即jí位wèi,吏lì治zhì尚shàng循xún谨jǐn甚shèn③,然rán由yóu居jū二èr千qiān石shí中zhōng,最zuì为wèi暴bào酷kù骄jiāo恣zì。所suǒ爱ài者zhě,挠náo法fǎ活huó之zhī④;所suǒ憎zēng者zhě,曲qū法fǎ诛zhū灭miè之zhī⑤。所suǒ居jū郡jùn,必bì夷yí其qí豪háo⑥。为wèi守shǒu,视shì都dū尉wèi如rú令lìng。为wèi都dū尉wèi,必bì陵líng太tài守shǒu,夺duó之zhī治zhì。及jí汲jí黯àn俱jù为wèi忮zhì⑦,司sī马mǎ安ān之zhī文wén恶è⑧,俱jù在zài二èr千qiān石shí列liè⑨,同tóng车chē未wèi尝cháng敢gǎn均jūn茵yīn伏fú⑩。

由yóu后hòu为wèi河hé东dōng都dū尉wèi,时shí与yǔ其qí守shǒu胜shèng屠tú公gōng争zhēng权quán,相xiāng告gào言yán罪zuì。胜shèng屠tú公gōng抵dǐ罪zuì(11),义yì不bù受shòu刑xíng(12),自zì杀shā,而ér由yóu弃qì市shì。

自zì宁níng成chéng、周zhōu阳yáng由yóu之zhī后hòu,事shì益yì多duō,民mín巧qiǎo法fǎ(13),大dà抵dǐ吏lì之zhī治zhì类lèi多duō成chéng、由yóu等děng矣yǐ(14)。

①赵zhào兼jiān:汉hàn高gāo帝dì之zhī妾qiè赵zhào美měi人rén的de弟dì弟di。以yǐ:凭píng。淮huái南nán王wáng:指zhǐ汉hàn高gāo帝dì小xiǎo儿ér子zi刘liú长zhǎng。侯hóu周zhōu阳yáng:当dāng了le周zhōu阳yáng侯hóu。②宗zōng家jiā:意yì谓wèi帝dì王wáng的de外wài戚qī。③尚shàng:崇chóng尚shàng。循xún:沿yán。此cǐ指zhǐ按àn法fǎ行xíng事shì。④挠náo法fǎ:枉wǎng法fǎ。⑤曲qū法fǎ:歪wāi曲qū法fǎ律lǜ。⑥夷yí:平píng灭miè。⑦忮zhì:强qiáng狠hěn。按àn泷lóng川chuān资zī言yán《史shǐ记jì会huì注zhù考kǎo证zhèng》:“《汉hàn书shū》无wú‘与yǔ’字zì、‘俱jù’字zì。忮zhì,害hài也yě狠hěn也yě。”⑧文wén恶è:用yòng法fǎ律lǜ条tiáo文wén害hài人rén。按àn《史shǐ记jì集jí解jiě》引yǐn《汉hàn书shū音yīn义yì》曰yuē:“(文wén恶è)以yǐ文wén法fǎ伤shāng害hài人rén。”又yòu卷juǎn一yì百bǎi二èr十shí《汲jí郑zhèng列liè传zhuàn》:“黯àn姑gū姊zǐ子zi司sī马mǎ安ān,文wén深shēn巧qiǎo善shàn宦huàn。”⑨列liè:同tóng列liè。此cǐ指zhǐ官guān位wèi相xiāng等děng。⑩均jūn:等děng。茵yīn:车chē坐zuò垫diàn。伏fú:指zhǐ车chē前qián横héng木mù,即jí车chē轼shì。此cǐ言yán黯àn与yǔ司sī马mǎ安ān皆jiē惧jù周zhōu阳yáng由yóu,不bù敢gǎn与yǔ他tā争zhēng高gāo低dī。(11)当dāng:判pàn刑xíng。(12)义yì:道dào义yì。(13)巧qiǎo法fǎ:用yòng巧qiǎo诈zhà的de手shǒu段duàn对duì待dài法fǎ律lǜ。(14)大dà抵dǐ:大dà多duō。

赵zhào禹yǔ者zhě,人rén。以yǐ佐zuǒ史shǐ补bǔ中zhōng都dū官guān,用yòng廉lián为wèi令lìng史shǐ①,事shì太tài尉wèi亚yà夫fū。亚yà夫fū为wèi丞chéng相xiàng,禹yǔ为wèi丞chéng相xiàng史shǐ,府fǔ中zhōng皆jiē称chēng其qí廉lián平píng②。然rán亚yà夫fū弗fú任rèn,曰yuē:“极jí知zhī禹yǔ无wú害hài④,然rán文wén深shēn⑤,不bù可kě以yǐ居jū大dà府fǔ⑥。”今jīn上shàng时shí⑦,禹yǔ以yǐ刀dāo笔bǐ吏lì积jī劳láo⑧,稍shāo迁qiān为wèi御yù史shǐ。上shàng以yǐ为wéi能néng,至zhì太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū。与yǔ张zhāng汤tāng论lùn定dìng诸zhū律lǜ令lìng⑨,作zuò见jiàn知zhī⑩,吏lì传chuán得dé相xiāng监jiān司sī(11)。用yòng法fǎ益yì刻kè,盖gài自zì此cǐ始shǐ。

①用yòng:因yīn为wèi。②廉lián平píng:廉lián洁jié公gōng平píng。③弗fú任rèn:不bù重zhòng用yòng。④无wú害hài:无wú人rén能néng胜shèng过guò,特tè出chū无wú比bǐ。⑤文wén深shēn:行xíng法fǎ严yán苛kē。⑥大dà府fǔ:上shàng层céng官guān府fǔ。⑦今jīn上shàng:如rú今jīn的de皇huáng上shàng。此cǐ指zhǐ汉hàn武wǔ帝dì。⑧刀dāo笔bǐ吏lì:指zhǐ专zhuān从cóng事shì文wén牍dú案àn头tóu工gōng作zuò的de官guān吏lì。劳láo:功gōng劳láo。⑨论lùn定dìng:编biān成chéng。⑩作zuò:制zhì造zào。见jiàn知zhī:即jí“见jiàn知zhī法fǎ”。官guān吏lì明míng知zhī他tā人rén犯fàn罪zuì,却què不bù揭jiē露lù检jiǎn举jǔ,则zé此cǐ官guān吏lì与yǔ罪zuì人rén同tóng罪zuì。(11)传chuán:通tōng“转zhuǎn”。监jiān司sī:通tōng“监jiān伺cì”,相xiāng互hù监jiān视shì。汉hàn法fǎ规guī定dìng官guān吏lì要yào相xiāng互hù监jiān视shì,相xiāng互hù揭jiē发fā罪zuì过guò。

张zhāng汤tāng者zhě,杜dù人rén也yě。其qí父fù为wèi长cháng安ān丞chéng①,出chū,汤tāng为wèi儿ér,守shǒu舍shě。还hái而ér鼠shǔ盗dào肉ròu,其qí父fù怒nù,笞chī汤tāng②。汤tāng掘jué窟kū得dé盗dào鼠shǔ及jí余yú肉ròu,劾hé鼠shǔ掠lüè治zhì③,传chuán爰yuán书shū④,讯xùn鞫jū论lùn报bào⑤,并bìng取qǔ鼠shǔ与yǔ肉ròu,县xiàn狱yù磔zhé堂táng下xià⑥。其qí父fù见jiàn之zhī,视shì其qí文wén辞cí如rú老lǎo狱yù吏lì,大dà惊jīng,遂suì使shǐ书shū狱yù⑦。父fù死sǐ后hòu,汤tāng为wèi长cháng安ān吏lì久jiǔ之zhī。

周zhōu阳yáng侯hóu始shǐ为wèi诸zhū卿qīng时shí⑧,尝cháng系xì长cháng安ān⑨,汤tāng倾qīng身shēn为wèi之zhī⑩。及jí出chū为wèi侯hóu,大dà与yǔ汤tāng交jiāo,遍biàn见jiàn汤tāng贵guì人rén(11)。汤tāng给gěi事shì内nèi史shǐ(12),为wèi宁níng成chéng掾yuàn(13),以yǐ汤tāng为wèi无wú害hài,言yán大dà府fǔ(14),调diào为wèi茂mào陵líng尉wèi,治zhì方fāng中zhōng(15)。

武wǔ安ān侯hóu为wèi丞chéng相xiàng(16),征zhēng汤tāng为wèi史shǐ(17),时shí荐jiàn言yán之zhī天tiān子zi,补bǔ御yù史shǐ,使shǐ案àn事shì(18)。治zhì陈chén皇huáng后hòu蛊gǔ狱yù(19),深shēn竟jìng党dǎng与yǔ(20)。于yú是shì上shàng以yǐ为wéi能néng,稍shāo迁qiān至zhì太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū。与yǔ赵zhào禹yǔ共gòng定dìng诸zhū律lǜ令lìng,务wù在zài深shēn文wén,拘jū守shǒu职zhí之zhī吏lì(21)。已yǐ而ér赵zhào禹yǔ迁qiān为wèi中zhōng尉wèi,徙xǐ为wèi少shào府fǔ,而ér张zhāng汤tāng为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,两liǎng人rén交jiāo欢huān,而ér兄xiōng事shì禹yǔ(22)。禹yǔ为wéi人rén廉lián倨jù,为wèi吏lì以yǐ来lái,舍shě毋wú食shí客kè(23)。公gōng卿qīng相xiāng造zào请qǐng禹yǔ(24),禹yǔ终zhōng不bù报bào谢xiè,务wù在zài绝jué知zhī友yǒu宾bīn客kè之zhī请qǐng,孤gū立lì行xíng一yī意yì而ér已yǐ(25)。见jiàn文wén法fǎ辄zhé取qǔ(26),亦yì不bù覆fù案àn(27),求qiú官guān属shǔ阴yīn罪zuì(28)。汤tāng为wéi人rén多duō诈zhà,舞wǔ智zhì以yǐ御yù人rén(29)。始shǐ为wèi小xiǎo吏lì,乾qián没méi(30),与yǔ长cháng安ān富fù贾gǔ田tián甲jiǎ、鱼yú翁wēng叔shū之zhī属shǔ交jiāo私sī(31)。及jí列liè九jiǔ卿qīng,收shōu接jiē天tiān下xià名míng士shì大dà夫fū,已yǐ内nèi心xīn虽suī不bù合hé,然rán阳yáng浮fú慕mù之zhī(32)。

①丞chéng:县xiàn丞chéng。②笞chī:鞭biān打dǎ。③劾hé:审shěn判pàn。掠lüè治zhì:拷kǎo打dǎ审shěn问wèn。④传chuán:发fā出chū。爰yuán书shū:记jì录lù罪zuì犯fàn供gòng词cí的de文wén书shū。⑤讯xùn鞠jū:反fǎn复fù审shěn问wèn,穷qióng究jiū罪zuì行xíng。论lùn报bào:把bǎ判pàn决jué的de罪zuì罚fá报bào告gào上shàng级jí。⑥具jù狱yù:把bǎ应yīng具jù备bèi的de审shěn讯xùn材cái料liào全quán部bù备bèi齐qí,最zuì后hòu定dìng案àn。磔zhé:古gǔ代dài分fēn尸shī酷kù刑xíng。⑦书shū狱yù:学xué习xí书shū写xiě狱yù词cí。⑧周zhōu阳yáng侯hóu:指zhǐ田tián胜shèng,汉hàn景jǐng帝dì王wáng皇huáng后hòu的de异yì父fù弟dì弟di。诸zhū卿qīng:指zhǐ九jiǔ卿qīng。⑨系xì:拘jū禁jìn。⑩倾qīng身shēn:用yòng尽jǐn全quán身shēn力lì量liàng。为wèi之zhī:替tì他tā辩biàn护hù。(11)见jiàn:引yǐn见jiàn。(12)给gěi事shì:供gòng职zhí。(13)掾yuàn:属shǔ官guān之zhī称chēng。(14)言yán大dà府fǔ:问wèn丞chéng相xiàng府fǔ推tuī荐jiàn。(15)茂mào陵líng:汉hàn武wǔ帝dì的de陵líng墓mù,是shì其qí生shēng前qián所suǒ预yù建jiàn。治zhì:负fù责zé管guǎn理lǐ。方fāng中zhōng:汉hàn代dài称chēng天tiān子zi预yù修xiū的de墓mù穴xué叫jiào方fāng中zhōng。(16)武wǔ安ān侯hóu:指zhǐ田tián蚡fén。(17)征zhēng:征zhēng召zhào。(18)案àn事shì:查chá验yàn办bàn理lǐ狱yù事shì。(19)陈chén皇huáng后hòu:汉hàn武wǔ帝dì的de原yuán配pèi妻qī子zǐ,深shēn得dé武wǔ帝dì宠chǒng爱ài。后hòu来lái,她tā失shī宠chǒng,便biàn召zhào女nǚ巫wū楚chǔ服fú用yòng巫wū术shù诅zǔ咒zhòu武wǔ帝dì。事shì发fā后hòu,武wǔ帝dì命mìng吏lì穷qióng追zhuī此cǐ事shì,大dà兴xīng巫wū蛊gǔ之zhī狱yù。见jiàn《汉hàn书shū·外wài戚qī传chuán上shàng》。(20)竟jìng:穷qióng究jiū。党dǎng与yǔ:同tóng党dǎng。(21)拘jū:约yuē束shù。守shǒu职zhí:在zài职zhí位wèi之zhī上shàng。(22)兄xiōng事shì禹yǔ:以yǐ对duì待dài兄xiōng长zhǎng的de礼lǐ节jié对duì待dài赵zhào禹yǔ。(23)毋wú:通tōng“无wú”。(24)造zào:往wǎng。(25):独dú立lì:独dú自zì。(26)文wén法fǎ:法fǎ令lìng条tiáo文wén。辄zhé:就jiù。(27)覆fù案àn:再zài审shěn案àn。(28)阴yīn罪zuì:尚shàng未wèi暴bào露lù的de罪zuì行xíng。(29)舞wǔ智zhì:玩wán弄nòng聪cōng明míng。(30)乾qián没méi:白bái白bái吞tūn没mò别bié人rén的de财cái物wù。此cǐ处chù指zhǐ利lì用yòng职zhí权quán与yǔ商shāng人rén合hé谋móu取qǔ利lì。(31)交jiāo私sī:偷tōu偷tōu交jiāo往wǎng。(32)阳yáng:“通tōng“佯yáng”。

是shì时shí上shàng方fāng乡xiāng文wén学xué①,汤tāng决jué大dà狱yù②,欲yù傅fù古gǔ义yì③,乃nǎi请qǐng博bó士shì弟dì子zǐ治zhì《尚shàng书shū》、《春chūn秋qiū》补bǔ廷tíng尉wèi史shǐ④,亭tíng疑yí法fǎ⑤。奏zòu谳yàn疑yí事shì⑥,必bì豫yù先xiān为wèi上shàng分fēn别bié其qí原yuán⑦,上shàng所suǒ是shì⑧,受shòu而ér著zhù谳yàn决jué法fǎ廷tíng尉wèi⑨,絜jié令lìng杨yáng主zhǔ之zhī明míng⑩。奏zòu事shì即jí谴qiǎn(11),汤tāng应yīng谢xiè(12),乡xiāng上shàng意yì所suǒ便biàn(13),必bì引yǐn正zhèng、监jiān、掾yuàn史shǐ贤xián者zhě,曰yuē:“固gù为wèi臣chén议yì(14),如rú上shàng责zé臣chén,臣chén弗fú用yòng,愚yú抵dǐ于yú此cǐ(15)。”罪zuì常cháng释shì(16)。(闻wén)〔间jiān〕即jí奏zòu事shì(17),上shàng善shàn之zhī,曰yuē:“臣chén非fēi知zhī为wèi此cǐ奏zòu,乃nǎi正zhèng、监jiān、掾yuàn史shǐ某mǒu为wèi之zhī。”其qí欲yù荐jiàn史shǐ,扬yáng人rén之zhī善shàn蔽bì人rén之zhī过guò如rú此cǐ。所suǒ治zhì即jí上shàng意yì所suǒ欲yù罪zuì(18),予yǔ监jiān史shǐ深shēn祸huò者zhě(19);即jí上shàng意yì所suǒ欲yù释shì,与yǔ监jiān史shǐ轻qīng平píng者zhě(20)。所suǒ治zhì即jí豪háo,必bì舞wǔ文wén巧qiǎo诋dǐ(21);即jí下xià户hù羸léi弱ruò(22),时shí口kǒu言yán(23),虽suī文wén致zhì法fǎ(24),上shàng财cái察chá(25)。于yú是shì往wǎng往wǎng释shì汤tāng所suǒ言yán。汤tāng至zhì于yú大dà吏lì(26),内nèi行háng修xiū也yě(27)。通tōng宾bīn客kè饮yǐn食shí(28),于yú故gù人rén子zǐ弟dì为wèi吏lì及jí贫pín昆kūn弟dì(29),调tiáo护hù之zhī尤yóu厚hòu(30)。其qí造zào请qǐng诸zhū公gōng,不bù避bì寒hán暑shǔ。是shì以yǐ汤tāng虽suī文wén深shēn意yì忌jì不bù专zhuān平píng(31),然rán得dé此cǐ声shēng誉yù。而ér刻kè深shēn吏lì多duō为wèi爪zhǎo牙yá用yòng者zhě。依yī于yú文wén学xué之zhī士shì,丞chéng相xiàng弘hóng数shù称chēng其qí美měi(32)。及jí治zhì淮huái南nán、衡héng山shān、江jiāng都dū反fǎn狱yù(33),皆jiē穷qióng根gēn本běn。严yán助zhù及jí伍wǔ被bèi,上shàng欲yù释shì之zhī(34)。汤tāng争zhēng曰yuē:“伍wǔ被bèi本běn画huà反fǎn谋móu(35),而ér助zhù亲qīn幸xìng出chū入rù禁jìn闼tà爪zhǎo牙yá臣chén(36),乃nǎi交jiāo私sī诸zhū侯hóu如rú此cǐ(37),弗fú诛zhū,后hòu不bù可kě治zhì。”于yú是shì上shàng可kě论lùn之zhī(38)。其qí治zhì狱yù所suǒ排pái大dà臣chén自zì为wèi功gōng(39),多duō此cǐ类lèi。于yú是shì汤tāng益yì尊zūn任rèn,迁qiān为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū。

①是shì时shí:此cǐ时shí。上shàng:天tiān子zi,指zhǐ汉hàn武wǔ帝dì。方fāng:正zhèng。乡xiāng:同tóng“向xiàng”。倾qīng向xiàng。文wén学xué:指zhǐ儒rú家jiā学xué说shuō。汉hàn武wǔ帝dì崇chóng尚shàng孔kǒng子zi和hé孟mèng子zi,罢bà黜chù百bǎi家jiā,独dú尊zūn儒rú术shù。②大dà狱yù:大dà案àn件jiàn。③傅fù:附fù会huì。古gǔ义yì:指zhǐ儒rú家jiā经jīng书shū上shàng的de说shuō法fǎ。④按àn文wén帝dì时shí已yǐ设shè经jīng学xué博bó士shì,武wǔ帝dì设shè五wǔ经jīng博bó士shì,研yán习xí并bìng传chuán授shòu五wǔ经jīng。治zhì:研yán究jiū。《尚shàng书shū》:中zhōng国guó最zuì早zǎo的de散sǎn文wén集jí,收shōu载zǎi夏xià、商shāng、周zhōu三sān代dài的de一yī些xiē历lì史shǐ文wén献xiàn资zī料liào,阐chǎn述shù儒rú家jiā思sī想xiǎng,是shì儒rú家jiā经jīng典diǎn之zhī一yī。《春chūn秋qiū》:孔kǒng丘qiū所suǒ编biān修xiū的de鲁lǔ国guó编biān年nián体tǐ的de史shǐ书shū。书shū中zhōng宣xuān传chuán了le儒rú家jiā的de微wēi言yán大dà义yì,是shì儒rú家jiā的de经jīng典diǎn之zhī一yī。④亭tíng:平píng判pàn。此cǐ言yán遇yù到dào有yǒu疑yí问wèn的de法fǎ律lǜ条tiáo文wén,则zé请qǐng他tā们men根gēn据jù《尚shàng书shū》和hé《春chūn秋qiū》的de思sī想xiǎng原yuán则zé加jiā以yǐ平píng断duàn,使shǐ其qí合hé于yú儒rú家jiā的de思sī想xiǎng。⑥奏zòu:进jìn奏zòu。谳yàn(yàa,燕yàn),审shěn理lǐ定dìng案àn。⑦豫yù:通tōng“预yù”。原yuán:原yuán委wěi。⑧是shì:正zhèng确què。⑨受shòu:接jiē受shòu。著zhù:记jì录lù下xià来lái。决jué法fǎ:判pàn案àn的de法fǎ规guī。廷tíng尉wèi:此cǐ指zhǐ以yǐ廷tíng尉wèi之zhī名míng加jiā以yǐ公gōng布bù。⑩絜jié令lìng:刻kè在zài木mù板bǎn上shàng的de法fǎ令lìng。按àn《尚shàng书shū》作zuò“挈qiè”。絜jié,通tōng“契qì”,用yòng刀dāo刻kè。扬yáng:颂sòng扬yáng。(11)谴qiǎn:责zé备bèi。(12)应yīng谢xiè:认rèn错cuò谢xiè罪zuì。(13)上shàng意yì:皇huáng上shàng的de心xīn意yì。便biàn:便biàn宜yí行xíng事shì。(14)固gù:本běn来lái。(15)抵dǐ:至zhì于yú。(16)释shì:宽kuān恕shù,赦shè免miǎn。(17)间jiān:有yǒu时shí。(18)欲yù罪zuì:想xiǎng治zhì罪zuì。(19)予yǔ:给jǐ予yǔ。深shēn祸huò者zhě:指zhǐ执zhí法fǎ严yán酷kù的de监jiān史shǐ。(20)与yǔ:给jǐ予yǔ。轻qīng平píng:指zhǐ执zhí法fǎ而ér公gōng平píng。(21)舞wǔ文wén:挥huī舞wǔ笔bǐ墨mò,玩wán弄nòng法fǎ令lìng条tiáo文wén。巧qiǎo诋dǐ:用yòng巧qiǎo言yán诋dǐ毁huǐ,将jiāng人rén置zhì于yú死sǐ地dì。(22)下xià户hù:指zhǐ平píng民mín百bǎi姓xìng。赢yíng弱ruò:瘦shòu弱ruò。(23)口kǒu言yán:口kǒu头tóu上shàng奏zòu。(24)文wén致zhì法fǎ:按àn法fǎ令lìng衡héng量liáng是shì否fǒu犯fàn法fǎ。(25)财cái:通tōng“裁cái”,判pàn定dìng。(26)大dà吏lì:大dà官guān。(27)内nèi行háng修xiū:自zì身shēn品pǐn德dé的de修xiū养yǎng。(28)通tōng宾bīn客kè:与yǔ宾bīn客kè交jiāo往wǎng。(29)故gù人rén子zǐ弟dì:老lǎo朋péng友yǒu的de子zǐ弟dì。昆kūn弟dì:兄xiōng弟dì。(30)调tiáo护hù:照zhào顾gù。(31)意yì忌jì:忌jì嫉jí。不bù专zhuān平píng:不bù纯chún正zhèng公gōng平píng。(32)弘hóng:公gōng孙sūn弘hóng。(33)淮huái南nán:指zhǐ淮huái南nán王wáng刘liú安ān。他tā曾céng联lián络luò许xǔ多duō人rén谋móu反fǎn。汉hàn武wǔ帝dì元yuán朔shuò元yuán年nián(前qián123),丞chéng相xiàng公gōng孙sūn弘hóng“乃nǎi疑yí淮huái南nán有yǒu畔pàn逆nì计jì谋móu,深shēn穷qióng治zhì其qí狱yù。”后hòu刘liú安ān自zì杀shā。但dàn是shì“所suǒ连lián引yǐn与yǔ淮huái南nán王wáng谋móu反fǎn列liè侯hóu、二èr千qiān石shí、豪háo桀jié数shù千qiān人rén,皆jiē以yǐ罪zuì轻qīng重zhòng受shòu诛zhū”。见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi一yī十shí八bā《淮huái南nán衡héng山shān列liè传zhuàn》,参cān见jiàn《汉hàn书shū·淮huái南nán王wáng传chuán》。衡héng山shān:指zhǐ衡héng山shān王wáng刘liú赐cì,淮huái南nán王wáng刘liú安ān的de弟dì弟di,曾céng与yǔ其qí子zi谋móu反fǎn,汉hàn武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu年nián间jiān,谋móu反fǎn事shì暴bào露lù后hòu,自zì杀shā。见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi一yī十shí八bā《淮huái南nán衡héng山shān列liè传zhuàn》。江jiāng都dū:指zhǐ江jiāng汉hàn景jǐng帝dì孙sūn都dōu王wáng刘liú建jiàn。他tā极jí端duān荒huāng淫yín无wú伦lún,在zài淮huái南nán、衡héng山shān谋móu反fǎn时shí,也yě曾céng“阴yīn作zuò兵bīng器qì”,图tú谋móu不bù轨guǐ。后hòu事shì发fā自zì杀shā。见jiàn卷juǎn五wǔ十shí九jiǔ《五wǔ宗zōng世shì家jiā》,参cān见jiàn《汉hàn书shū·江jiāng都dū王wáng传chuán》。(24)严yán助zhù:即jí庄zhuāng助zhù,因yīn与yǔ淮huái南nán王wáng刘liú安ān有yǒu联lián系xì,被bèi杀shā。伍wǔ被bèi:任rèn淮huái南nán中zhōng郎láng,与yǔ刘liú安ān共gòng谋móu反fǎn叛pàn中zhōng央yāng之zhī事shì,事shì发fā被bèi杀shā。(34)释shì:释shì放fàng。(35)画huà:策cè划huà。(36)禁jìn闼tà:禁jìn中zhōng,即jí皇huáng帝dì居jū住zhù之zhī处chù。爪zhǎo牙yá臣chén:护hù卫wèi之zhī臣chén。(37)乃nǎi:竟jìng然rán。(38)可kě:赞zàn成chéng。论lùn之zhī:判pàn庄zhuāng助zhù和hé伍wǔ被bèi有yǒu罪zuì。(39)排pái:排pái斥chì,打dǎ击jī。

会huì浑hún邪xié等děng降jiàng①,汉hàn大dà兴xīng兵bīng伐fá匈xiōng奴nú,山shān东dōng水shuǐ旱hàn,贫pín民mín流liú徙xǐ,皆jiē仰yǎng给jǐ县xiàn官guān②,县xiàn官guān空kōng虚xū。于yú是shì丞chéng上shàng指zhǐ③,请qǐng造zào白bái金jīn及jí五wǔ铢zhū钱qián,笼lóng天tiān下xià盐yán铁tiě④,排pái富fù商shāng大dà贾gǔ⑤,出chū告gào缗mín令lìng⑥,锄chú豪háo强qiáng并bìng兼jiān之zhī家jiā,舞wǔ文wén巧qiǎo诋dǐ以yǐ辅fǔ法fǎ。汤tāng每měi朝cháo奏zòu事shì,语yǔ国guó家jiā用yòng,日rì晏yàn⑦,天tiān子zi忘wàng食shí。丞chéng相xiàng取qǔ充chōng位wèi⑧,天tiān下xià事shì皆jiē决jué于yú汤tāng。百bǎi姓xìng不bù安ān其qí生shēng,骚sāo动dòng。县xiàn官guān所suǒ兴xīng,未wèi获huò其qí利lì,奸jiān吏lì并bìng侵qīn渔yú⑨,于yú是shì痛tòng绳shéng以yǐ罪zuì⑩。则zé自zì公gōng卿qīng以yǐ下xià,至zhì于yú庶shù人rén,咸xián指zhǐ汤tāng(11)。汤tāng尝cháng病bìng,天tiān子zi至zhì自zì视shì病bìng,其qí隆lóng贵guì如rú此cǐ(12)。

匈xiōng奴nú来lái请qǐng和hé亲qīn(13),群qún臣chén议yì上shàng前qián。博bó士shì狄dí山shān曰yuē:“和hé亲qīn便biàn(14)。”上shàng问wèn其qí便biàn,山shān曰yuē:“兵bīng者zhě凶xiōng器qì,未wèi易yì数shù动dòng(15)。高gāo帝dì欲yù伐fá匈xiōng奴nú,大dà困kùn平píng城chéng(16),乃nǎi遂suì结jié和hé亲qīn。孝xiào惠huì、高gāo后hòu时shí(17),天tiān下xià安ān乐lè。及jí孝xiào文wén帝dì欲yù事shì匈xiōng奴nú(18),北běi边biān萧xiāo然rán苦kǔ兵bīng矣yǐ(19)。孝xiào景jǐng时shí,吴wú楚chǔ七qī国guó反fǎn,景jǐng帝dì往wǎng来lái两liǎng宫gōng间jiān(20),寒hán心xīn者zhě数shù月yuè(21)。吴wú楚chǔ已yǐ破pò,竟jìng景jǐng帝dì不bù言yán兵bīng(22),天tiān下xià富fù实shí。今jīn自zì陛bì下xià举jǔ兵bīng击jī匈xiōng奴nú,中zhōng国guó以yǐ空kōng虚xū,边biān民mín大dà困kùn贫pín。由yóu此cǐ观guān之zhī,不bù如rú和hé亲qīn。”上shàng问wèn汤tāng,汤tāng曰yuē:“此cǐ愚yú儒rú,无wú知zhī”狄dí山shān曰yuē:“臣chén固gù愚yú忠zhōng,若ruò御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū汤tāng乃nǎi诈zhà忠zhōng。若ruò汤tāng之zhī治zhì淮huái南nán、江jiāng都dū,以yǐ深shēn文wén痛tòng诋dǐ诸zhū侯hóu,别bié疏shū骨gǔ肉ròu(23),使shǐ蕃fān臣chén不bù自zì安ān(24)。臣chén固gù知zhī汤tāng之zhī为wèi诈zhà忠zhōng。”于yú是shì上shàng作zuò色sè曰yuē(25):“吾wú使shǐ生shēng居jū一yī郡jùn(26),能néng无wú使shǐ虏lǔ入rù盗dào乎hū(27)?”曰yuē:“不bù能néng。”曰yuē:“居jū一yī县xiàn?”对duì曰yuē:“不bù能néng。”复fù曰yuē:“居jū一yī障zhàng间jiān(28)?”山shān自zì度dù辩biàn穷qióng且qiě下xià吏lì(29),曰yuē:“能néng。”于yú是shì上shàng遣qiǎn山shān乘chéng鄣zhāng(30)。至zhì月yuè余yú,匈xiōng奴nú斩zhǎn山shān头tóu而ér去qù。自zì是shì以yǐ后hòu,群qún臣chén震zhèn慑shè(31)。

①会huì:正zhèng赶gǎn上shàng。浑hún邪xié:即jí浑hún邪xié王wáng,匈xiōng奴nú单chán于yú手shǒu下xià的de诸zhū王wáng之zhī一yī,于yú武wǔ帝dì元yuán狩shòu二èr年nián(前qián121)率shuài领lǐng四sì万wàn多duō人rén投tóu降xiáng汉hàn朝cháo。见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi十shí《匈xiōng奴nú列liè传zhuàn》。②仰yǎng给jǐ:依yī靠kào别bié人rén的de供gōng给jǐ生shēng活huó。县xiàn官guān:汉hàn代dài称chēng官guān府fǔ为wèi县xiàn官guān。③丞chéng:通tōng“承chéng”。秉bǐng承chéng,顺shùn从cóng。上shàng:天tiān子zi。指zhǐ:通tōng“旨zhǐ”,心xīn意yì。④白bái金jīn:银yín子zi。五wǔ铢zhū钱qián:汉hàn代dài的de一yī种zhǒng钱qián币bì,其qí重zhòng量liàng为wèi五wǔ铢zhū。笼lóng:通tōng“垄lǒng”。垄lǒng断duàn。⑤排pái:排pái斥chì打dǎ击jī。⑥告gào缗mín令lìng:动dòng员yuán民mín众zhòng交jiāo纳nà税shuì收shōu和hé揭jiē发fā偷tōu漏lòu税shuì的de法fǎ令lìng。《史shǐ记jì正zhèng义yì》:“武wǔ帝dì伐fá四sì夷yí,国guó用yòng不bù足zú,故gù税shuì民mín田tián宅zhái船chuán乘chéng畜xù产chǎn奴nú婢bì等děng,皆jiē平píng作zuò钱qián数shù,每měi一yī千qiān钱qián一yī算suàn(一yì百bǎi二èr十shí文wén),出chū一yī等děng,贾gǔ人rén倍bèi之zhī,若ruò隐yǐn不bù税shuì,有yǒu告gào之zhī,半bàn与yǔ告gào人rén,余yú半bàn入rù官guān,谓wèi缗mín。出chū此cǐ令lìng,用yòng锄chú筑zhù豪háo强qiáng兼jiān并bìng富fù商shāng大dà贾gǔ之zhī家jiā也yě。”此cǐ令lìng于yú武wǔ帝dì元yuán鼎dǐng二èr年nián(前qián115)颁bān行xíng,武wǔ帝dì元yuán封fēng元yuán年nián(前qián110)终zhōng止zhǐ。⑦日rì晏yàn:傍bàng晚wǎn。晏yàn,晚wǎn。⑧丞chéng相xiàng:指zhǐ李lǐ蔡cài和hé庄zhuāng青qīng翟dí。充chōng位wèi:备bèi丞chéng相xiàng的de空kòng位wèi。此cǐ指zhǐ丞chéng相xiàng清qīng闲xián无wú事shì。⑨侵qīn渔yú:侵qīn夺duó渔yú利lì。⑩痛tòng绳shéng:彻chè底dǐ依yī法fǎ惩chéng办bàn。(11)指zhǐ:斥chì责zé。(12)隆lóng贵guì:高gāo贵guì。(13)和hé亲qīn:汉hàn王wáng朝cháo与yǔ边biān疆jiāng少shǎo数shù民mín族zú首shǒu领lǐng间jiān的de政zhèng治zhì联lián姻yīn。如rú把bǎ宗zōng室shì之zhī女nǚ嫁jià给gěi匈xiōng奴nú单chán于yú为wèi妻qī,以yǐ保bǎo持chí双shuāng方fāng的de和hé睦mù关guān系xì。(14)便biàn:有yǒu利lì。(15)兵bīng:武wǔ器qì。此cǐ指zhǐ战zhàn争zhēng。凶xiōng:凶xiōng险xiǎn。数shù动dòng:屡lǚ次cì动dòng用yòng。(16)大dà困kùn平píng城chéng:汉hàn高gāo帝dì曾céng于yú公gōng元yuán前qián二èr○○年nián,亲qīn自zì率lǜ兵bīng抗kàng击jī匈xiōng奴nú的de侵qīn扰rǎo,被bèi匈xiōng奴nú围wéi困kùn在zài平píng城chéng东dōng部bù的de白bái登dēng山shān上shàng,七qī天tiān后hòu方fāng解jiě除chú困kùn境jìng,”士shì卒zú堕duò指zhǐ者zhě什shén二èr三sān,”蒙méng受shòu很hěn大dà损sǔn失shī。见jiàn卷juǎn八bā《高gāo祖zǔ本běn纪jì》。(17)孝xiào惠huì:即jí汉hàn惠huì帝dì刘liú盈yíng。高gāo后hòu:即jí汉hàn高gāo祖zǔ后hòu吕lǚ雉zhì。(18)事shì:从cóng事shì。指zhǐ讨tǎo伐fá匈xiōng奴nú。(19)萧xiāo然rán:骚sāo动dòng的de样yàng子zi。苦kǔ兵bīng:被bèi战zhàn争zhēng搞gǎo得dé困kùn苦kǔ不bù堪kān。(20)两liǎng宫gōng:指zhǐ未wèi央yāng宫gōng和hé长cháng乐lè宫gōng。(21)寒hán心xīn:忧yōu心xīn。(22)竟jìng:直zhí到dào(最zuì后hòu)。(23)别bié疏shū:分fēn隔gé疏shū远yuǎn。骨gǔ肉ròu:指zhǐ有yǒu血xuè缘yuán关guān系xì的de亲qīn人rén,如rú父fù子zǐ、兄xiōng弟dì等děng等děng。这zhè里lǐ指zhǐ汉hàn诸zhū侯hóu王wáng同tóng中zhōng央yāng的de关guān系xì。(24)蕃fān臣chén:通tōng“藩fān臣chén”,指zhǐ诸zhū侯hóu王wáng。(25)作zuò色sè:改gǎi变biàn脸liǎn色sè。(26)生shēng:指zhǐ狄dí山shān。居jū一yī郡jùn:守shǒu卫wèi一yí个gè郡jùn。(27)虏lǔ:敌dí人rén。入rù盗dào:入rù侵qīn。(28)障zhàng:边biān塞sài御yù敌dí的de小xiǎo城chéng堡bǎo。(29)度dù(duó,夺duó):思sī考kǎo。辩biàn穷qióng:辩biàn论lùn得dé无wú话huà可kě说shuō,意yì谓wèi辩biàn论lùn失shī败bài。且qiě:将jiāng。下xià吏lì:交jiāo给gěi司sī法fǎ官guān吏lì判pàn罪zuì。(30)乘chéng鄣zhāng:保bǎo卫wèi障zhàng。鄣zhāng,通tōng“障zhàng”。乘chéng,登dēng。(31)震zhèn慑shè:震zhèn动dòng而ér惊jīng惧jù。

汤tāng之zhī客kè田tián甲jiǎ,虽suī贾gǔ人rén①,有yǒu贤xián操cāo。始shǐ汤tāng为wèi小xiǎo吏lì时shí,与yǔ钱qián通tōng②,及jí汤tāng为wèi大dà吏lì,甲jiǎ所suǒ以yǐ责zé汤tāng行xíng义yì过guò失shī,亦yì有yǒu烈liè士shì风fēng③。

汤tāng为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū七qī岁suì,败bài。

河hé东dōng人rén李lǐ文wén尝cháng与yǔ汤tāng有yǒu郤xì④,已yǐ而ér为wèi御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng⑤,恚huì⑥,数shù从cóng中zhōng文wén书shū事shì有yǒu可kě以yǐ伤shāng汤tāng者zhě⑦,不bù能néng为wèi地dì⑧。汤tāng有yǒu所suǒ爱ài史shǐ鲁lǔ谒yè居jū,知zhī汤tāng不bù平píng,使shǐ人rén上shàng蜚fēi变biàn告gào文wén奸jiān事shì⑨,事shì下xià汤tāng⑩,汤tāng治zhì,论lùn杀shā文wén(11),而ér汤tāng心xīn知zhī谒yè居jū为wèi之zhī。上shàng问wèn曰yuē:“言yán变biàn事shì踪zōng迹jì安ān起qǐ(12)?”汤tāng详xiáng惊jīng曰yuē(13):“此cǐ殆dài文wén故gù人rén怨yuàn之zhī(14)。”谒yè居jū病bìng卧wò闾lǘ里lǐ主zhǔ人rén(15),汤tāng自zì往wǎng视shì疾jí,为wèi谒yè摩mó足zú(16)。赵zhào国guó以yǐ冶yě铸zhù为wèi业yè,王wáng数shù讼sòng铁tiě官guān事shì(17),汤tāng常cháng排pái赵zhào王wáng(18)。赵zhào王wáng求qiú汤tāng阴yīn事shì(19)。谒yè居jū尝cháng案àn赵zhào王wáng(20),赵zhào王wáng怨yuàn之zhī,并bìng上shàng书shū告gào:“汤tāng,大dà臣chén也yě,史shǐ谒yè居jū有yǒu病bìng,汤tāng至zhì为wéi摩mó足zú,疑yí与yǔ为wèi大dà奸jiān。”事shì下xià廷tíng尉wèi,谒yè居jū病bìng死sǐ,事shì连lián其qí弟dì,弟dì系xì导dǎo官guān(21)。汤tāng亦yì治zhì他tā囚qiú导dǎo官guān(22),见jiàn谒yè居jū弟dì,欲yù阴yīn为wèi之zhī,而ér详xiáng不bù省shěng(23)。谒yè居jū弟dì弗fú知zhī,怨yuàn汤tāng,使shǐ人rén上shàng书shū告gào汤tāng与yǔ谒yè居jū谋móu,共gòng变biàn告gào李lǐ文wén。事shì下xià减jiǎn宣xuān(24)。宣xuān尝cháng与yǔ汤tāng有yǒu郤xì,及jí得dé此cǐ事shì,穷qióng竟jìng其qí事shì(25),未wèi奏zòu也yě。会huì人rén有yǒu盗dào发fā孝xiào文wén园yuán瘗yì钱qián(26),丞chéng相xiàng青qīng翟dí朝cháo,与yǔ汤tāng约yuē俱jù谢xiè(27),至zhì前qián,汤tāng念niàn独dú丞chéng相xiàng以yǐ四sì时shí行xíng园yuán(28),当dāng谢xiè,汤tāng无wú与yǔ也yě(29),不bù谢xiè。丞chéng相xiàng谢xiè,上shàng使shǐ御yù史shǐ案àn其qí事shì。汤tāng欲yù致zhì其qí文wén丞chéng相xiàng见jiàn知zhī(30),丞chéng相xiàng患huàn之zhī。三sān长zhǎng史shǐ皆jiē害hài汤tāng(31),欲yù陷xiàn之zhī(32)。

①贾jiǎ(gǔ,古gǔ)人rén:商shāng人rén。钱qián通tōng:以yǐ钱qián财cái相xiāng交jiāo。③烈liè士shì:有yǒu志zhì于yú功gōng业yè又yòu讲jiǎng求qiú信xìn义yì的de人rén。④郤xì:通tōng“隙xì”,间jiàn隙xì,此cǐ指zhǐ怨yuàn恨hèn、隔gé阂hé。⑤已yǐ而ér:后hòu来lái。⑥恚huì:怨yuàn恨hèn。⑦数shù:屡lǚ次cì。中zhōng:指zhǐ禁jìn宫gōng之zhī中zhōng。文wén书shū:指zhǐ官guān府fǔ的de公gōng文wén档dàng案àn材cái料liào。伤shāng:中zhòng伤shāng。⑧不bù能néng为wèi地dì:不bù留liú余yú地dì,加jiā以yǐ利lì用yòng。⑨不bù平píng:不bù平píng静jìng,放fàng心xīn不bù下xià。蜚fēi:同tóng“飞fēi”。飞fēi语yǔ,流liú言yán。变biàn告gào:因yīn事shì紧jǐn急jí,不bù按àn常cháng规guī,越yuè级jí匿nì名míng上shàng告gào。奸jiān:坏huài事shì。⑩下xià汤tāng:交jiāo给gěi张zhāng汤tāng办bàn理lǐ。(11)论lùn:论lùn罪zuì判pàn决jué。(12)安ān起qǐ:从cóng何hé而ér起qǐ。(13)详xiáng:通tōng“佯yáng”,假jiǎ装zhuāng。(14)殆dài:恐kǒng怕pà、大dà概gài。故gù人rén:从cóng前qián的de熟shú人rén。(15)闾lǘ里lǐ:乡xiāng里lǐ,同tóng乡xiāng。(16)摩mó:按àn摩mó。(17)数shù:屡lǚ次cì。讼sòng:打dǎ官guān司sī。(18)赵zhào王wáng:即jí景jǐng帝dì之zhī子zi、武wǔ帝dì之zhī兄xiōng刘liú彭péng祖zǔ,被bèi封fēng为wèi赵zhào王wáng。他tā经jīng常cháng与yǔ中zhōng央yāng所suǒ派pài来lái的de主zhǔ管guǎn赵zhào国guó铁tiě器qì铸zhù造zào的de官guān员yuán发fā生shēng争zhēng执zhí。(19)阴yīn事shì:秘mì事shì。此cǐ指zhǐ暗àn中zhōng犯fàn法fǎ的de事shì。(20)案àn:通tōng“按àn”,检jiǎn举jǔ。(21)系xì:拘jū禁jìn。导dǎo官guān:汉hàn代dài少shào府fǔ属shǔ下xià的de粮liáng谷gǔ加jiā工gōng之zhī处chù,是shì待dài审shěn罪zuì犯fàn暂zàn时shí囚qiú禁jìn之zhī所suǒ。(22)治zhì他tā囚qiú:办bàn理lǐ其qí他tā囚qiú犯fàn的de案àn子zi。(23)详xiáng:通tōng“佯yáng”。假jiǎ装zhuāng。省shěng:察chá看kàn,检jiǎn查chá。(24)事shì下xià减jiǎn宣xuān:把bǎ此cǐ事shì交jiāo给gěi减jiǎn宣xuān去qù查chá办bàn。(25)穷qióng竟jìng:追zhuī查chá到dào底dǐ,务wù求qiú把bǎ事shì情qíng搞gǎo清qīng楚chǔ。(26)孝xiào文wén园yuán:即jí霸bà陵líng,汉hàn文wén帝dì的de陵líng墓mù。瘗yì(yì,意yì)钱qián:埋mái在zài陵líng墓mù四sì角jiǎo的de陪péi葬zàng钱qián。瘗yì,埋mái。(27)约yuē:商shāng定dìng。俱jù谢xiè:同tóng去qù谢xiè罪zuì。(28)四sì时shí:四sì季jì。行xíng:巡xún视shì。(29)与yǔ:参cān与yù。(30)致zhì其qí文wén:呈chéng上shàng丞chéng相xiàng四sì时shí巡xún视shì陵líng墓mù的de法fǎ令lìng条tiáo文wén。丞chéng相xiàng见jiàn知zhī:意yì谓wèi丞chéng相xiàng知zhī道dào偷tōu盗dào者zhě而ér故gù意yì放fàng纵zòng,犯fàn了le见jiàn知zhī故gù纵zòng法fǎ,应yīng当dāng查chá办bàn。(31)长zhǎng史shǐ:是shì掌zhǎng管guǎn有yǒu关guān官guān署shǔ的de日rì常cháng事shì务wù的de官guān。以yǐ当dāng时shí三sān公gōng皆jiē有yǒu长zhǎng史shǐ之zhī官guān,故gù曰yuē“三sān长zhǎng史shǐ”。害hài:忌jì恨hèn。(32)陷xiàn:陷xiàn害hài。

始shǐ长zhǎng史shǐ朱zhū买mǎi臣chén,会huì稽jī人rén也yě。读dú《春chūn秋qiū》。庄zhuāng助zhù使shǐ人rén言yán买mǎi臣chén,买mǎi臣chén以yǐ《楚chǔ辞cí》与yǔ助zhù俱jù幸xìng①,待dài中zhōng②,为wèi太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū,用yòng事shì③;而ér汤tāng乃nǎi为wèi小xiǎo吏lì,跪guì伏fú使shǐ买mǎi臣chén等děng前qián④。已yǐ而ér汤tāng为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,治zhì淮huái南nán狱yù,排pái挤jǐ庄zhuāng助zhù,买mǎi臣chén固gù心xīn望wàng⑤。及jí汤tāng为wèi御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū,买mǎi臣chén以yǐ会huì稽jī守shǒu为wéi主zhǔ爵jué都dū尉wèi,列liè于yú九jiǔ卿qīng。数shù年nián,坐zuò法fǎ废fèi⑥,守shǒu长zhǎng史shǐ⑦,见jiàn汤tāng,汤tāng坐zuò床chuáng上shàng⑧,丞chéng史shǐ遇yù买mǎi臣chén弗fú为wèi礼lǐ⑨。买mǎi臣chén楚chǔ士shì,深shēn怨yuàn,常cháng欲yù死sǐ之zhī⑩。王wáng朝cháo,齐qí人rén也yě。以yǐ术shù至zhì右yòu内nèi史shǐ(11)。边biān通tōng,学xué长zhǎng短duǎn(12),刚gāng暴bào强qiǎng人rén也yě。官guān再zài至zhì济jǐ南nán相xiāng(13)。故gù皆jiē居jū汤tāng右yòu(14),已yǐ而ér失shī官guān,守shǒu长zhǎng史shǐ,诎qū体tǐ于yú汤tāng(15)。汤tāng数shù行xíng丞chéng相xiàng事shì(16),知zhī此cǐ三sān长zhǎng史shǐ素sù贵guì,常cháng凌líng折zhé之zhī(17)。以yǐ故gù三sān长zhǎng史shǐ合hé谋móu曰yuē:“始shǐ汤tāng约yuē与yǔ君jūn谢xiè,已yǐ而ér卖mài君jūn;今jīn欲yù劾hé君jūn以yǐ宗zōng庙miào事shì(18),此cǐ欲yù代dài君jūn耳ěr。吾wú知zhī汤tāng阴yīn事shì。”使shǐ吏lì捕bǔ案àn汤tāng左zuǒ田tián信xìn等děng(19),曰yuē:汤tāng且qiě欲yù奏zòu请qǐng,信xìn辄zhé先xiān知zhī之zhī,居jū物wù致zhì富fù(20),与yǔ汤tāng分fēn之zhī,及jí他tā奸jiān事shì。事shì辞cí颇pǒ闻wén(21)。上shàng问wèn汤tāng曰yuē:“吾wú所suǒ为wèi,贾gǔ人rén辄zhé先xiān知zhī之zhī,益yì居jū其qí物wù(22),是shì类lèi有yǒu以yǐ吾wú谋móu告gào之zhī者zhě(23)。”汤tāng不bù谢xiè。汤tāng又yòu详xiáng惊jīng曰yuē:“固gù宜yí有yǒu。”减jiǎn宣xuān亦yì奏zòu谒yè居jū等děng事shì。天tiān子zi果guǒ以yǐ汤tāng怀huái诈zhà而ér面miàn欺qī(24),使shǐ使shǐ八bā辈bèi簿bù责zé汤tāng(25)。汤tāng具jù自zì道dào无wú此cǐ,不bù服fú。于yú是shì上shàng使shǐ赵zhào禹yǔ责zé汤tāng。禹yǔ至zhì,让ràng汤tāng曰yuē(26):“君jūn何hé不bù知zhī分fēn也yě(27)。君jūn所suǒ治zhì夷yí灭miè者zhě几jǐ何hé人rén矣yǐ(28)?今jīn人rén言yán君jūn皆jiē有yǒu状zhuàng(29),天tiān子zi重zhòng致zhì君jūn狱yù(30),欲yù令lìng君jūn自zì为wèi计jì(31),何hé多duō以yǐ对duì簿bù为wèi?”汤tāng乃nǎi为wèi书shū谢xiè曰yuē:“汤tāng无wú尺chǐ寸cùn功gōng,起qǐ刀dāo笔bǐ吏lì,陛bì下xià幸xìng致zhì为wèi三sān公gōng,无wú以yǐ塞sè责zé(32)。然rán谋móu陷xiàn汤tāng罪zuì者zhě,三sān长zhǎng史shǐ也yě。”遂suì自zì杀shā。

汤tāng死sǐ,家jiā产chǎn直zhí不bù过guò五wǔ百bǎi金jīn(33),皆jiē所suǒ得de奉fèng赐cì,无wú他tā业yè。昆kūn弟dì诸zhū子zi欲yù厚hòu葬zàng汤tāng,汤tāng母mǔ曰yuē:“汤tāng为wèi天tiān子zi大dà臣chén,被bèi污wū恶è言yán而ér死sǐ,何hé厚hòu葬zàng乎hū!”载zài以yǐ牛niú车chē,有yǒu棺guān无wú椁guǒ(34)。天tiān子zi闻wén之zhī,曰yuē:“非fēi此cǐ母mǔ不bù能néng生shēng此cǐ子zi。”乃nǎi尽jǐn案àn诛zhū三sān长zhǎng史shǐ(35)。丞chéng相xiàng青qīng翟dí自zì杀shā。出chū田tián信xìn(36)。上shàng惜xī汤tāng,稍shāo迁qiān其qí子zi安ān世shì(37)。

赵zhào禹yǔ中zhōng废fèi(38),已yǐ而ér为wèi廷tíng尉wèi。始shǐ条tiáo侯hóu以yǐ为wéi禹yǔ贼zéi深shēn,弗fú任rèn。及jí禹yǔ为wèi少shào府fǔ,比bǐ九jiǔ卿qīng(39)。禹yǔ酷kù急jí,至zhì晚wǎn节jié(40),事shì益yì多duō,吏lì务wù为wèi严yán峻jùn,而ér禹yǔ治zhì加jiā缓huǎn,而ér名míng为wèi平píng(41)。王wáng温wēn舒shū等děng后hòu起qǐ,治zhì酷kù于yú禹yǔ。禹yǔ以yǐ老lǎo,徙xǐ为wèi燕yàn相xiāng。数shù岁suì,乱luàn悖bèi有yǒu罪zuì(42),免miǎn归guī,后hòu汤tāng十shí余yú年nián,以yǐ寿shòu卒zú于yú家jiā(43)。

①幸xìng:受shòu宠chǒng,被bèi重zhòng用yòng。②待dài中zhōng:在zài宫gōng中zhōng侍shì奉fèng皇huáng帝dì。③用yòng事shì:管guǎn理lǐ此cǐ事shì。④使shǐ:听tīng候hòu差chāi遣qiǎn。⑤固gù:本běn来lái。望wàng:怨yuàn恨hèn。⑥坐zuò法fǎ:犯fàn法fǎ。废fèi:免miǎn官guān。⑦守shǒu:暂zàn时shí代dài理lǐ。⑧床chuáng:日rì常cháng所suǒ坐zuò的de凳dèng子zi。⑨丞chéng史shǐ:丞chéng与yǔ史shǐ。此cǐ指zhǐ张zhāng汤tāng的de佐zuǒ官guān和hé属shǔ官guān。遇yù:待dài。弗fú为wèi礼lǐ:不bù礼lǐ貌mào。⑩死sǐ之zhī:把bǎ他tā(张zhāng汤tāng)置zhì于yú死sǐ地dì。(11)以yǐ:凭píng。术shù:指zhǐ儒rú家jiā经jīng术shù。(12)短duǎn长cháng:指zhǐ战zhàn国guó纵zòng横héng家jiā的de思sī想xiǎng。(13)再zài:第dì二èr次cì。济jǐ南nán相xiāng:济jǐ南nán国guó的de相xiāng。按àn:汉hàn代dài诸zhū侯hóu国guó的de相xiāng,皆jiē由yóu中zhōng央yāng政zhèng府fǔ委wěi任rèn。(14)居jū:在zài。右yòu:汉hàn代dài以yǐ右yòu为wèi尊zūn贵guì之zhī位wèi,比bǐ较jiào官guān位wèi的de高gāo低dī也yě用yòng左zuǒ右yòu分fēn别bié,右yòu者zhě官guān位wèi高gāo,左zuǒ者zhě官guān位wèi低dī。(15)诎qū体tǐ:指zhǐ跪guì伏fú于yú地dì,拜bài见jiàn长zhǎng官guān。诎qū,通tōng“屈qū”。(16)行xíng:兼jiān任rèn职zhí务wù,代dài理lǐ官guān职zhí。(17)凌líng折zhé:欺qī凌líng而ér使shǐ其qí折zhé服fú。(18)劾hé:弹tán劾hé。(19)案àn:审shěn理lǐ。左zuǒ:通tōng“佐zuǒ”。此cǐ指zhǐ知zhī情qíng的de证zhèng人rén。(20)居jū:囤tún积jī。(21)事shì辞cí:有yǒu关guān事shì情qíng的de供gōng辞cí。闻wén:听tīng。此cǐ指zhǐ关guān于yú张zhāng汤tāng和hé田tián信xìn的de事shì,传chuán到dào天tiān子zi那nà里lǐ,被bèi天tiān子zi所suǒ知zhī道dào。(22)益yì居jū:更gèng多duō地dì囤tún积jī货huò物wù。(23)是shì:这zhè。类lèi:像xiàng。(24)怀huái诈zhà:心xīn怀huái奸jiān诈zhà。面miàn欺qī:当dāng面miàn欺qī骗piàn。(25)八bā辈bèi:八bā批pī。簿bù:记jì录lù本běn。“簿bù责zé”,按àn记jì录lù在zài案àn的de罪zuì行xíng责zé问wèn张zhāng汤tāng。(26)让ràng:责zé备bèi。(27)分fēn:情qíng况kuàng。(28)几jǐ何hé:多duō少shǎo。(29)状zhuàng:具jù体tǐ情qíng况kuàng,即jí证zhèng据jù。(30)重zhòng致zhì:难nán以yǐ处chǔ理lǐ。(31)自zì为wèi计jì:意yì谓wèi自zì杀shā。(32)塞sè责zé:搪táng塞sè罪zuì责zé。(33)直zhí:通tōng“值zhí”。(34)椁guǒ:外wài棺guān。(35)案àn诛zhū:审shěn理lǐ、诛zhū杀shā。(36)出chū:释shì放fàng。(37)稍shāo:渐jiàn渐jiàn。迁qiān:升shēng官guān。(38)中zhōng废fèi:中zhōng废fèi罢bà官guān。(39)条tiáo侯hóu:即jí周zhōu亚yà夫fū。贼zéi深shēn:残cán酷kù阴yīn狠hěn。(40)弗fú任rèn:不bù重zhòng用yòng。(41)比bǐ:并bìng列liè。(42)晚wǎn节jié:晚wǎn年nián。(43)平píng:平píng和hé。(44)乱luàn悖bèi:昏hūn乱luàn违wéi背bèi情qíng理lǐ。(45)寿shòu:寿shòu终zhōng,老lǎo死sǐ。

义yì纵zòng者zhě,河hé东dōng人rén也yě。为wèi少shào年nián时shí,尝cháng与yǔ张zhāng次cì公gōng俱jù攻gōng剽piāo为wèi群qún盗dào①。纵zòng有yǒu姊zǐ姁xǔ,以yǐ医yī幸xìng王wáng太tài后hòu②。王wáng太tài后hòu问wèn:“有yǒu子zi兄xiōng弟dì为wèi官guān者zhě乎hū?”姊zǐ曰yuē:“有yǒu弟dì无wú行xíng③,不bù可kě。”太tài后hòu乃nǎi告gào上shàng,拜bài义yì姁xǔ弟dì纵zòng为wèi中zhōng郎láng,补bǔ上shàng党dǎng郡jùn中zhōng令lìng④。治zhì敢gǎn行xíng⑤,少shǎo蕴yùn藉jiè⑥,县xiàn无wú逋bū事shì⑦,举jǔ为wèi第dì一yī⑧。迁qiān为wèi长zhǎng陵líng及jí长cháng安ān令lìng,直zhí法fǎ行xíng治zhì⑨,不bù避bì贵guì戚qī。以yǐ捕bǔ案àn太tài后hòu外wài孙sūn脩xiū成chéng君jūn子zǐ仲zhòng⑩,上shàng以yǐ为wéi能néng,迁qiān为wèi河hé内nèi都dū尉wèi。至zhì则zé族zú灭miè其qí豪háo穰ráng氏shì之zhī属shǔ(11),河hé内nèi道dào不bù拾shí遗yí。而ér张zhāng次cì公gōng亦yì为wèi郎láng,以yǐ勇yǒng悍hàn从cóng军jūn,敢gǎn深shēn入rù,有yǒu功gōng,为wèi岸àn头tóu侯hóu。

宁níng成chéng家jiā居jū,上shàng欲yù以yǐ为wéi郡jùn守shǒu。御yù史shǐ大dà夫fū弘hóng曰yuē:“臣chén居jū山shān东dōng为wèi小xiǎo吏lì时shí,宁níng成chéng为wéi济jǐ南nán都dū尉wèi,其qí治zhì如rú狼láng牧mù羊yáng(12)。成chéng不bù可kě使shǐ治zhì民mín。”上shàng乃nǎi拜bài成chéng为wéi关guān都dū尉wèi。岁suì余yú,关guān东dōng吏lì隶lì郡jùn国guó出chū入rù关guān者zhě(13),号hào曰yuē:“宁níng见jiàn乳rǔ虎hǔ,无wú值zhí宁níng成chéng之zhī怒nù(14)。”义yì纵zòng自zì河hé内nèi迁qiān为wèi南nán阳yáng太tài守shǒu,闻wén宁níng成chéng家jiā居jū南nán阳yáng,及jí纵zòng至zhì关guān,宁níng成chéng侧cè行xíng送sòng迎yíng(15),然rán纵zòng气qì盛shèng,弗fú为wèi礼lǐ。至zhì郡jùn,遂suì案àn宁níng氏shì,尽jǐn破pò碎suì其qí家jiā(16)。成chéng坐zuò有yǒu罪zuì,及jí孔kǒng、暴bào之zhī属shǔ皆jiē奔bēn亡wáng(17),南nán阳yáng吏lì民mín重chóng足zú一yī迹jì(18)。而ér平píng氏shì朱zhū强qiáng、杜dù衍yǎn杜dù周zhōu为wèi纵zòng牙yá爪zhǎo之zhī吏lì(19),任rèn用yòng,迁qiān为wèi廷tíng史shǐ。军jūn数shù出chū定dìng襄xiāng,定dìng襄xiāng吏lì民mín乱luàn败bài,于yú是shì徙xǐ纵zòng为wèi定dìng襄xiāng太tài守shǒu。纵zòng至zhì,掩yǎn定dìng襄xiāng狱yù中zhōng重zhòng罪zuì轻qīng系xì二èr百bǎi余yú人rén(20),及jí宾bīn客kè昆kūn弟dì私sī入rù相xiāng视shì亦yì二èr百bǎi余yú人rén(21)。纵zòng一yī捕bǔ鞠jū(22),曰yuē:“为wèi死sǐ罪zuì解jiě脱tuō”。是shì日rì皆jiē报bào杀shā四sì百bǎi余yú人rén。其qí后hòu郡jùn中zhōng不bù寒hán而ér栗lì(23),猾huá民mín佐zuǒ吏lì为wèi治zhì(24)。

是shì时shí赵zhào禹yǔ、张zhāng汤tāng以yǐ深shēn刻kè为wèi九jiǔ卿qīng矣yǐ(25),然rán其qí治zhì尚shàng宽kuān,辅fǔ法fǎ而ér行xíng,而ér纵zòng以yǐ鹰yīng击jī毛máo挚zhì为wèi治zhì(26)。后hòu会huì五wǔ铢zhū钱qián白bái金jīn起qǐ,民mín为wèi奸jiān,京jīng师shī尤yóu甚shèn(27),乃nǎi以yǐ纵zòng为wèi右yòu内nèi史shǐ,王wáng温wēn舒shū为wèi中zhōng尉wèi。温wēn舒shū至zhì恶è,其qí所suǒ为wèi不bù先xiān言yán纵zòng(28),纵zòng必bì以yǐ气qì凌líng之zhī,败bài坏huài其qí功gōng。其qí治zhì,所suǒ诛zhū杀shā甚shèn多duō,然rán取qǔ为wèi小xiǎo治zhì(29),奸jiān益yì不bù胜shèng,直zhí指zhǐ始shǐ出chū矣yǐ(30)。吏lì之zhī治zhì以yǐ斩zhǎn杀shā缚fù束shù为wèi务wù,阎yán奉fèng以yǐ恶è用yòng矣yǐ(31)。纵zòng廉lián,其qí治zhì放fàng郅zhì都dōu(32)。上shàng幸xìng鼎dǐng湖hú(33),病bìng久jiǔ,已yǐ而ér卒zú起qǐ幸xìng甘gān泉quán(34),道dào多duō不bù治zhì。上shàng怒nù曰yuē:“纵zòng以yǐ我wǒ为wèi不bù复fù行xíng此cǐ道dào乎hū?”嗛qiǎn之zhī(35)。至zhì冬dōng,杨yáng可kě方fāng受shòu告gào缗mín(36),纵zòng以yǐ为wéi此cǐ乱luàn民mín,部bù吏lì捕bǔ其qí为wèi可kě使shǐ者zhě(37)。天tiān子zi闻wén,使shǐ杜dù式shì治zhì。以yǐ为wéi废fèi格gé诅zǔ事shì(38),弃qì纵zòng市shì。后hòu一yī岁suì,张zhāng汤tāng亦yì死sǐ。

①攻gōng剽piāo:抢qiǎng夺duó。②王wáng太tài后hòu:指zhǐ汉hàn武wǔ帝dì的de母mǔ亲qīn王wáng娡zhì。③无wú行xíng:没méi有yǒu好hǎo品pǐn行xíng。④上shàng党dǎng郡jùn中zhōng令lìng:上shàng党dǎng郡jùn中zhōng某mǒu县xiàn(史shǐ失shī其qí名míng)的de县xiàn令lìng。⑤敢gǎn行xíng:严yán酷kù。⑥蕴yùn藉jiè:宽kuān和hé有yǒu涵hán养yǎng。⑦逋bū:逃táo亡wáng。⑧举jǔ:推tuī举jǔ。⑨直zhí法fǎ行xíng治zhì:依yī法fǎ办bàn理lǐ政zhèng事shì。⑩捕bǔ案àn:逮dài捕bǔ审shěn讯xùn。脩xiū成chéng君jūn子zǐ仲zhòng:武wǔ帝dì母mǔ王wáng娡zhì与yǔ前qián夫fū金jīn王wáng孙sūn所suǒ生shēng女nǚ俗sú被bèi封fēng为wèi脩xiū成chéng君jūn,仲zhòng乃nǎi修xiū成chéng君jūn之zhī子zi,他tā仗zhàng恃shì外wài戚qī的de地dì位wèi,“横héng于yú京jīng城chéng”。见jiàn《汉hàn书shū·外wài戚qī传chuán上shàng》。(11)穰ráng氏shì之zhī属shǔ:穰ráng氏shì一yī类lèi的de豪háo强qiáng之zhī人rén。按àn穰ráng姓xìng之zhī族zú为wèi当dāng地dì的de豪háo强qiáng势shì力lì。(12)如rú狼láng牧mù羊yáng:比bǐ喻yù为wéi政zhèng凶xiōng狠hěn险xiǎn恶è。(13)吏lì:指zhǐ郡jùn国guó官guān员yuán。隶lì:察chá看kàn。(14)乳rǔ虎hǔ:正zhèng在zài哺bǔ育yù幼yòu虎hǔ的de母mǔ虎hǔ。值zhí:遇yù。(15)侧cè行xíng:在zài旁páng边biān随suí行xíng。“侧cè行xíng送sòng迎yíng”,极jí言yán宁níng成chéng的de谦qiān恭gōng态tài度dù。(16)破pò碎suì:指zhǐ诛zhū灭miè。(17)孔kǒng、暴bào:南nán阳yáng的de两liǎng个gè大dà姓xìng家jiā族zú。奔bēn亡wáng:逃táo亡wáng。(18)重zhòng足zú:叠dié脚jiǎo而ér行xíng。一yī迹jì:一yí个gè脚jiǎo印yìn。按àn此cǐ句jù极jí言yán南nán阳yáng人rén的de谨jǐn慎shèn恐kǒng惧jù。(19)牙yá爪zhǎo:即jí“爪zhǎo牙yá”。“牙yá爪zhǎo之zhī吏lì”,即jí亲qīn密mì的de辅fǔ佐zuǒ者zhě。(20)掩yǎn:同tóng“揜yǎn”,取qǔ。此cǐ指zhǐ捕bǔ抓zhuā犯fàn人rén。重zhòng罪zuì轻qīng系xì:没méi有yǒu戴dài刑xíng县xiàn的de重zhòng罪zuì犯fàn人rén。(21)相xiāng视shì:犹yóu言yán“探tàn监jiān”。(22)一yī:全quán部bù。捕bǔ鞠jū:逮dài捕bǔ起qǐ来lái,加jiā以yǐ审shěn讯xùn。(23)栗lì:通tōng“慄lì”。(24)猾huá民mín:豪háo强qiáng刁diāo猾huá的de百bǎi姓xìng。(25)深shēn刻kè:执zhí法fǎ严yán峻jùn刻kè薄bó。(26)鹰yīng击jī毛máo挚zhì:喻yù酷kù烈liè凶xiōng狠hěn。按àn《汉hàn书shū·酷kù吏lì传chuán》颜yán师shī古gǔ注zhù曰yuē:“如rú鹰yīng隼sǔn之zhī击jī,奋fèn毛máo羽yǔ,执zhí取qǔ飞fēi鸟niǎo也yě。”挚zhì,攫jué取qǔ。(27)京jīng师shī:京jīng城chéng,指zhǐ长cháng安ān。(28)先xiān言yán纵zòng:先xiān向xiàng义yì纵zòng报bào告gào。(29)取qǔ:通tōng“趣qù”,急jí促cù。(30)直zhí指zhǐ:官guān名míng,由yóu天tiān子zi派pài到dào地dì方fāng办bàn理lǐ案àn件jiàn,具jù有yǒu捕bǔ杀shā二èr千qiān石shí高gāo官guān的de大dà权quán。(31)以yǐ恶è用yòng:因yīn为wèi严yán刻kè而ér被bèi重zhòng用yòng。(32)放fàng:通tōng“仿fǎng”,效xiào法fǎ。(33)鼎dǐng湖hú:县xiàn名míng。一yī说shuō是shì宫gōng名míng,在zài今jīn陕shǎn西xī兰lán田tián县xiàn境jìng内nèi。(34)已yǐ:止zhǐ,此cǐ指zhǐ病bìng愈yù。卒zú:通tōng“猝cù”,突tū然rán。甘gān泉quán:宫gōng名míng,在zài长cháng安ān西xī北běi。(35)嗛qiǎn:含hán恨hèn。(36)方fāng:正zhèng。受shòu:受shòu理lǐ。(37)部bù:部bù署shǔ。为wèi:替tì。(38)废fèi格gé:废fèi气qì敬jìng君jūn之zhī礼lǐ。格gé:通tōng“恪kè”。敬jìng。按àn义yì纵zòng捕bǔ杨yáng可kě之zhī吏lì,即jí是shì违wéi抗kàng天tiān子zi的de诏zhào命mìng,犯fàn太tài子zi不bù敬jìng之zhī罪zuì。沮jǔ事shì:破pò坏huài了le天tiān子zi下xià令lìng要yào办bàn的de大dà事shì(告gào缗mín)。

王wáng温wēn舒shū者zhě,阳yáng陵líng人rén也yě。少shǎo时shí椎chuí埋mái为wèi奸jiān①。已yǐ而ér试shì补bǔ县xiàn亭tíng长zhǎng②,数shù废fèi。为wèi吏lì,以yǐ治zhì狱yù至zhì廷tíng史shǐ。事shì张zhāng汤tāng,迁qiān为wèi御yù史shǐ。督dū盗dào贼zéi,杀shā伤shāng甚shèn多duō,稍shāo迁qiān至zhì广guǎng平píng都dū尉wèi③。择zé郡jùn中zhōng豪háo敢gǎn任rèn吏lì十shí余yú人rén④,以yǐ为wéi爪zhǎo牙yá,皆jiē把bǎ其qí阴yīn重zhòng罪zuì⑤,而ér纵zòng使shǐ督dū盗dào贼zéi⑥。快kuài其qí意yì所suǒ欲yù得dé,此cǐ人rén虽suī有yǒu百bǎi罪zuì,弗fú法fǎ⑦,即jí有yǒu避bì⑧,因yīn其qí事shì夷yí之zhī⑨,亦yì灭miè宗zōng⑩。以yǐ其qí故gù齐qí赵zhào之zhī郊jiāo盗dào贼zéi不bù敢gǎn近jìn广guǎng平píng,广guǎng平píng声shēng为wèi道dào不bù拾shí遗yí(11)。上shàng闻wén,迁qiān为wèi河hé内nèi太tài守shǒu。

素sù居jū广guǎng平píng时shí,皆jiē知zhī河hé内nèi豪háo奸jiān之zhī家jiā,及jí往wǎng,九jiǔ月yuè而ér至zhì。令lìng郡jùn县xiàn私sī马mǎ五wǔ十shí匹pǐ(13),为wèi驿yì自zì河hé内nèi至zhì长cháng安ān(13),部bù吏lì如rú居jū广guǎng平píng时shí方fāng路lù(14),捕bǔ郡jùn中zhōng豪háo猾huá,郡jùn中zhōng豪háo猾huá相xiāng连lián坐zuò千qiān余yú家jiā。上shàng书shū请qǐng(15),大dà者zhě至zhì族zú(16),小xiǎo者zhě乃nǎi死sǐ,家jiā尽jǐn没mò入rù偿cháng臧zāng(17)。奏zòu行xíng不bù过guò二èr三sān日rì(18),得dé可kě事shì(19)。论lùn报bào(20),至zhì流liú血xiě十shí余yú里lǐ。河hé内nèi皆jiē怪guài其qí奏zòu,以yǐ为wéi神shén速sù。尽jǐn十shí二èr月yuè,郡jùn中zhōng毋wú声shēng(21),毋wú敢gǎn夜yè行xíng,野yě无wú犬quǎn吠fèi之zhī盗dào(22)。其qí颇pǒ不bù得dé(23),失shī之zhī旁páng郡jùn国guó(24),黎lí来lái,会huì春chūn(25),温wēn舒shū顿dùn足zú叹tàn曰yuē:“嗟jiē乎hū,令lìng冬dōng月yuè益yì展zhǎn一yí月yuè(26),足zú吾wú事shì矣yǐ!”其qí好hǎo杀shā伐fá行xíng威wēi不bù爱ài人rén如rú此cǐ。天tiān子zi闻wén之zhī,以yǐ为wéi能néng,迁qiān为wèi中zhōng尉wèi。其qí治zhì复fù放fàng河hé内nèi(27),徙xǐ诸zhū名míng祸huò猾huá吏lì与yǔ从cóng事shì(28),河hé内nèi则zé杨yáng皆jiē、麻má戊wù、关guān中zhōng杨yáng赣gàn、成chéng信xìn等děng。义yì纵zòng为wèi内nèi史shǐ,惮dàn未wèi敢gǎn恣zì治zhì(29)。及jí纵zòng死sǐ,张zhāng汤tāng败bài后hòu,徙xǐ为wèi廷tíng尉wèi,而ér尹yǐn齐qí为wèi中zhōng尉wèi。

①椎chuí埋mái:盗dào墓mù。②试shì:任rèn用yòng。③稍shāo:逐zhú渐jiàn。④豪háo敢gǎn:狂kuáng暴bào果guǒ敢gǎn。⑤把bǎ:把bǎ柄bǐng。阴yīn重zhòng罪zuì:尚shàng未wèi暴bào露lù的de重zhòng罪zuì。⑥纵zòng使shǐ:驱qū使shǐ。⑦弗fú法fǎ:不bù法fǎ办bàn。⑧即jí:若ruò。避bì:躲duǒ避bì。⑨因yīn:根gēn据jù。其qí事shì:指zhǐ过guò去qù所suǒ犯fàn的de罪zuì。夷yí:杀shā。⑩灭miè族zú:灭miè其qí家jiā族zú。(11)声shēng:名míng声shēng。(12)私sī马mǎ:私sī人rén之zhī马mǎ。(13)驿yì:驿yì站zhàn。传chuán送sòng公gōng文wén和hé官guān员yuán往wǎng来lái换huàn马mǎ暂zàn歇xiē之zhī处chù。驿yì站zhàn是shì由yóu政zhèng府fǔ规guī定dìng而ér设shè的de,王wáng温wēn舒shū自zì行xíng设shè驿yì,故gù用yòng私sī马mǎ。(14)部bù吏lì:部bù署shǔ官guān吏lì。如rú:同tóng。方fāng略lüè:策cè略lüè。(15)请qǐng:指zhǐ报bào告gào天tiān子zi。(16)族zú:灭miè族zú。(17)家jiā:家jiā产chǎn。没méi:没mò收shōu。偿cháng臧zāng:偿cháng还huán过guò去qù所suǒ得de的de赃zāng物wù。臧zāng,通tōng“赃zāng”。(18)奏zòu:指zhǐ报bào告gào天tiān子zi的de奏zòu章zhāng。(19)可kě事shì:可kě以yǐ执zhí行xíng。即jí皇huáng帝dì同tóng意yì了le王wáng温wēn舒shū的de做zuò法fǎ。(20)论lùn报bào:判pàn罪zuì上shàng报bào。(21)毋wú声shēng:指zhǐ郡jùn中zhōng惧jù怕pà而ér不bù敢gǎn出chū声shēng。毋wú,通tōng“无wú”。(22)犬quǎn吠fèi之zhī盗dào:引yǐn得dé狗gǒu叫jiào的de盗dào窃qiè事shì件jiàn。(23)颇pǒ:少shǎo数shù。(24)失shī:通tōng“逸yì”,逃táo亡wáng。(24)黎lí来lái:追zhuī捕bǔ抓zhuā来lái。(25)会huì春chūn:正zhèng好hǎo春chūn天tiān到dào了le。按àn汉hàn法fǎ,春chūn天tiān不bù执zhí行xíng死sǐ刑xíng,死sǐ犯fàn必bì在zài十shí二èr月yuè底dǐ前qián杀shā死sǐ。(26)令lìng:使shǐ。益yì展zhǎn:延yán长cháng。(27)放fàng:仿fǎng效xiào。(28)徙xǐ:调diào。名míng福fú:著zhù名míng的de祸huò害hài。此cǐ指zhǐ刽guì子zi手shǒu。从cóng事shì:同tóng他tā一yì起qǐ做zuò事shì。(29)惮dàn:怕pà。恣zì治zhì:放fàng纵zòng地dì施shī用yòng严yán酷kù之zhī刑xíng,加jiā以yǐ治zhì理lǐ。

尹yǐn齐qí者zhě,东dōng郡jùn茌chí平píng人rén。以yǐ刀dāo笔bǐ稍shāo迁qiān至zhì御yù史shǐ。事shì张zhāng汤tāng,张zhāng汤tāng数shù称chēng以yǐ为wéi廉lián武wǔ①,使shǐ督dū盗dào贼zéi,所suǒ斩zhǎn伐fá不bù避bì贵guì戚qī。迁qiān为wèi关guān内nèi尉wèi,声shēng甚shén于yú宁níng成chéng。上shàng以yǐ为wéi能néng,迁qiān为wèi中zhōng尉wèi,吏lì民mín益yì凋diāo敝bì②。尹yǐn齐qí木mù强qiáng少shǎo齐qí③,豪háo恶è吏lì伏fú匿nì而ér善shàn吏lì不bù能néng为wèi治zhì④,以yǐ故gù事shì多duō废fèi,诋dǐ罪zuì⑤。上shàng复fù徙xǐ温wēn舒shū为wèi中zhōng尉wèi,而ér杨yáng仆pū以yǐ严yán酷kù为wéi主zhǔ爵jué都dū尉wèi。

①数shù称chēng:经jīng常cháng称chēng赞zàn。廉lián武wǔ:廉lián洁jié勇yǒng敢gǎn。③凋diāo敝bì:指zhǐ生shēng活huó困kùn苦kǔ不bù堪kān。③木mù强qiáng:指zhǐ处chǔ事shì死sǐ板bǎn。文wén:指zhǐ不bù讲jiǎng求qiú礼lǐ仪yí。④伏fú匿nì:隐yǐn蔽bì躲duǒ藏cáng。⑤抵dǐ罪zuì:被bèi判pàn罪zuì。

杨yáng仆pū者zhě,宜yí阳yáng人rén也yě。以yǐ千qiān夫fū为wèi吏lì①。河hé南nán守shǒu案àn举jǔ以yǐ为wéi能néng②,迁qiān为wèi御yù史shǐ,使shǐ督dū盗dào贼zéi关guān东dōng。治zhì放fàng尹yǐn齐qí,以yǐ为wéi敢gǎn挚zhì行xíng③。稍shāo迁qiān至zhì主zhǔ爵jué都dū尉wèi,列liè九jiǔ卿qīng。天tiān子zi以yǐ为wéi能néng。南nán越yuè反fǎn④,拜bài为wèi楼lóu船chuán将jiāng军jūn,有yǒu功gōng,封fēng将jiāng粱liáng侯hóu。为wèi荀xún彘zhì所suǒ缚fù⑤。居jū久jiǔ之zhī,病bìng死sǐ。

①千qiān夫fū:武wǔ官guān职zhí衔xián号hào。②案àn举jǔ:考kǎo核hé并bìng推tuī荐jiàn当dāng官guān。③敢gǎn挚zhì行xíng:行xíng事shì凶xiōng猛měng而ér有yǒu胆dǎn量liàng。挚zhì:通tōng“鸷zhì”。④南nán越yuè反fǎn:武wǔ帝dì时shí代dài,南nán越yuè丞chéng相xiàng吕lǚ嘉jiā造zào反fǎn,元yuán鼎dǐng六liù年nián(前qián111)派pài兵bīng灭miè南nán越yuè,将jiāng其qí地dì设shè为wèi九jiǔ郡jùn。见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi一yī十shí三sān《南nán越yuè列liè传zhuàn》。⑤杨yáng仆pū同tóng左zuǒ将jiāng军jūn荀xún彘zhì在zài武wǔ帝dì元yuán封fēng三sān年nián(前qián108)共gòng同tóng征zhēng伐fá朝cháo鲜xiān,因yīn作zuò战zhàn不bù利lì和hé争zhēng功gōng,被bèi荀xún彘zhì所suǒ缚fù。荀xún彘zhì坐zuò争zhēng功gōng弃qì市shì,杨yáng仆pū回huí国guó后hòu,因yīn罪zuì免miǎn为wèi平píng民mín百bǎi姓xìng。见jiàn卷juǎn一yì百bǎi一yī十shí五wǔ《朝cháo鲜xiān列liè传zhuàn》。

而ér温wēn舒shū复fù为wèi中zhōng尉wèi。为wéi人rén少shǎo文wén,居jū延yán惛hūn惛hūn不bù辩biàn①,至zhì于yú中zhōng尉wèi则zé心xīn开kāi。督dū盗dào贼zéi,素sù习xí关guān中zhōng俗sú,知zhī豪háo恶è吏lì,豪háo恶è吏lì尽jǐn复fù为wèi用yòng,为wèi方fāng略lüè②。吏lì苛kē察chá,盗dào贼zéi恶è少shào年nián投tóu缿xiàng购gòu告gào言yán奸jiān③,置zhì伯bó格gé长zhǎng以yǐ牧mù司sī奸jiān盗dào贼zéi④。温wēn舒shū为wéi人rén谄chǎn,善shàn事shì有yǒu势shì者zhě,即jí无wú势shì者zhě,视shì之zhī如rú奴nú。有yǒu势shì家jiā,虽suī有yǒu奸jiān如rú山shān,弗fú犯fàn;无wú势shì者zhě,贵guì戚qī必bì侵qīn辱rǔ。舞wǔ文wén巧qiǎo诋dǐ下xià户hù之zhī猾huá,以yǐ焄xūn大dà豪háo⑤。其qí治zhì中zhōng尉wèi如rú此cǐ。奸jiān猾huá穷qióng治zhì⑥,大dà抵dǐ尽jǐn靡mí烂làn狱yù中zhōng⑦,行xíng论lùn无wú出chū者zhě⑧。其qí爪zhǎo牙yá吏lì虎hǔ而ér冠guàn。于yú是shì中zhōng尉wèi部bù中zhōng中zhōng猾huá以yǐ下xià皆jiē伏fú⑨,有yǒu势shì者zhě为wèi游yóu声shēng誉yù⑩,称chēng治zhì。治zhì数shù岁suì,其qí吏lì多duō以yǐ权quán富fù。

温wēn舒shū击jī东dōng越yuè还hái(11),议yì有yǒu不bù中zhōng意yì者zhě,坐zuò小xiǎo法fǎ抵dǐ罪zuì免miǎn。是shì时shí天tiān子zi方fāng欲yù作zuò通tōng天tiān台tái而ér未wèi有yǒu人rén(12),温wēn舒shū请qǐng覆fù中zhōng尉wèi脱tuō卒zú(13),得dé数shù万wàn人rén作zuò。上shàng说shuō(14),拜bài为wèi少shào府fǔ。徙xǐ为wèi右yòu内nèi史shǐ,治zhì如rú其qí故gù,奸jiān邪xié少shǎo禁jìn。坐zuò法fǎ失shī官guān。复fù为wèi右yòu辅fǔ,行xíng中zhōng尉wèi事shì,如rú故gù操cāo(15)。

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