第dì四sì部bù分fèn 三sān国guó志zhì四sì十shí四sì 蜀shǔ书shū十shí四sì（5）

景jǐng耀yào五wǔ年nián，姜jiāng维wéi带dài领lǐng人rén马mǎ出chū兵bīng汉hàn、侯hóu和hé，被bèi邓dèng艾ài所suǒ破pò，退tuì回huí沓dá中zhōng（在zài青qīng海hǎi东dōng南nán境jìng，甘gān肃sù临lín潭tán县xiàn之zhī西xī）。姜jiāng维wéi本běn来lái是shì外wài乡xiāng人rén，托tuō身shēn蜀shǔ国guó，多duō年nián来lái带dài兵bīng攻gōng战zhàn，但dàn却què不bù曾céng建jiàn下xià功gōng绩jì，而ér宦huàn官guān黄huáng皓hào等děng在zài宫gōng里lǐ弄lòng权quán，右yòu大dà将jiāng军jūn阎yán宇yǔ和hé黄huáng皓hào朋péng比bǐ为wéi奸jiān，黄huáng皓hào暗àn中zhōng想xiǎng废fèi掉diào姜jiāng维wéi的de兵bīng权quán扶fú植zhí阎yán宇yǔ。姜jiāng维wéi也yě怀huái疑yí黄huáng皓hào有yǒu什shén么me阴yīn谋móu诡guǐ计jì要yào害hài他tā，所suǒ以yǐ心xīn生shēng恐kǒng惧jù，不bù敢gǎn再zài回huí到dào成chéng都dū。景jǐng耀yào六liù年nián，姜jiāng维wéi上shàng表biǎo给gěi后hòu主zhǔ说shuō：“臣chén得dé到dào消xiāo息xī，钟zhōng会huì在zài关guān中zhōng整zhěng治zhì兵bīng马mǎ，有yǒu来lái进jìn攻gōng的de企qǐ图tú，我wǒ们men应yīng该gāi一yì起qǐ派pài出chū张zhāng翼yì、廖liào化huà督dū镇zhèn各gè个gè部bù队duì，分fēn头tóu守shǒu护hù阳yáng安ān关guān口kǒu、阴yīn平píng（故gù城chéng在zài今jīn甘gān肃sù省shěng文wén县xiàn西xī北běi）桥qiáo头tóu，以yǐ防fáng范fàn未wèi然rán。”黄huáng皓hào向xiàng鬼guǐ巫wū求qiú问wèn消xiāo息xī是shì否fǒu正zhèng确què，得dé到dào的de结jié果guǒ是shì说shuō敌dí人rén无wú论lùn如rú何hé不bú会huì攻gōng来lái，黄huáng皓hào就jiù启qǐ奏zòu后hòu主zhǔ把bǎ这zhè件jiàn事shì掩yǎn盖gài过guò去qù了le，所suǒ有yǒu的de臣chén子zi都dōu不bù知zhī道dào这zhè个ge消xiāo息xī。等děng到dào钟zhōng会huì快kuài要yào进jìn兵bīng骆luò谷gǔ，邓dèng艾ài快kuài要yào攻gōng入rù沓dá中zhōng，然rán后hòu朝cháo廷tíng才cái派pài右yòu车chē骑qí廖liào化huà到dào沓dá中zhōng作zuò姜jiāng维wéi的de后hòu援yuán，派pài左zuǒ车chē骑qí张zhāng翼yì、辅fǔ国guó大dà将jiāng军jūn董dǒng厥jué等děng人rén到dào阳yáng安ān关guān口kǒu作zuò各gè防fáng线xiàn的de外wài围wéi助zhù力lì。等děng到dào救jiù兵bīng开kāi到dào阴yīn平píng，接jiē到dào消xiāo息xī说shuō魏wèi将jiāng诸zhū葛gě绪xù挥huī兵bīng指zhǐ向xiàng建jiàn威wēi，因yīn此cǐ救jiù兵bīng就jiù停tíng在zài阴yīn平píng等děng候hòu敌dí人rén。过guò了le一yí个gè多duō月yuè，姜jiāng维wéi被bèi邓dèng艾ài所suǒ摧cuī败bài，退tuì守shǒu阴yīn平píng。钟zhōng会huì进jìn兵bīng包bāo围wéi了le汉hàn、乐lè两liǎng城chéng，派pài遣qiǎn别bié将jiāng进jìn攻gōng关guān口kǒu，蒋jiǎng舒shū打dǎ开kāi城chéng门mén出chū去qù投tóu降xiáng了le，傅fù佥qiān格gé斗dòu而ér死sǐ。钟zhōng会huì攻gōng乐lè城chéng没méi能néng成chéng功gōng，听tīng得dé关guān口kǒu已yǐ被bèi攻gōng下xià了le，就jiù长cháng驱qū直zhí入rù。张zhāng翼yì、董dǒng厥jué才cái到dào了le汉hàn寿shòu，姜jiāng维wéi、廖liào化huà也yě弃qì了le阴yīn平píng撤chè退tuì，刚gāng好hǎo和hé张zhāng翼yì、董dǒng厥jué会huì合hé，全quán部bù退tuì守shǒu剑jiàn阁gé准zhǔn备bèi抗kàng拒jù钟zhōng会huì。钟zhōng会huì写xiě信xìn给gěi姜jiāng维wéi，说shuō：“公gōng侯hóu以yǐ文wén武wǔ双shuāng全quán的de才cái德dé，抱bào负fù盖gài世shì的de韬tāo略lüè，功gōng劳láo成chéng就jiù于yú巴bā、汉hàn，声shēng望wàng显xiǎn扬yáng于yú华huá夏xià，远yuǎn近jìn的de人rén没méi有yǒu不bù敬jìng服fú您nín的de威wēi名míng。我wǒ常cháng常cháng想xiǎng起qǐ过guò去qù的de日rì子zi里lǐ，我wǒ们men曾céng经jīng同tóng在zài一yí个gè朝cháo廷tíng的de广guǎng大dà德dé化huà荫yìn庇bì之zhī下xià，我wǒ对duì您nín神shén交jiāo已yǐ久jiǔ，这zhè种zhǒng友yǒu谊yì只zhǐ有yǒu吴wú季jì札zhá、郑zhèng子zi产chǎn一yī见jiàn如rú故gù的de交jiāo情qíng可kě以yǐ比bǐ拟nǐ。”姜jiāng维wéi没méi有yǒu覆fù信xìn，只zhǐ是shì列liè好hǎo营yíng阵zhèn守shǒu住zhù险xiǎn要yào。钟zhōng会huì不bù能néng取qǔ胜shèng，而ér粮liáng运yùn补bǔ给jǐ线xiàn太tài长zhǎng太tài远yuǎn，很hěn不bù妥tuǒ当dāng，都dōu要yào商shāng量liáng退tuì兵bīng了le。

可kě是shì邓dèng艾ài从cóng阴yīn平píng由yóu景jǐng谷gǔ道dào（即jí东dōng汉hàn德dé阳yáng亭tíng，在zài今jīn四sì川chuān省shěng梓zǐ潼tóng县xiàn北běi）傍bàng攻gōng入rù，就jiù在zài绵mián竹zhú（故gù城chéng在zài今jīn四sì川chuān省shěng德dé阳yáng县xiàn北běi）大dà败bài诸zhū葛gě瞻zhān。后hòu主zhǔ向xiàng邓dèng艾ài请qǐng降xiáng，艾ài进jìn兵bīng占zhàn据jù了le成chéng都dū。姜jiāng维wéi等děng人rén起qǐ初chū听tīng得dé诸zhū葛gě瞻zhān兵bīng败bài，有yǒu消xiāo息xī传chuán来lái，说shuō后hòu主zhǔ想xiǎng坚jiān守shǒu成chéng都dū，一yī会huì儿er又yòu说shuō想xiǎng向xiàng东dōng逃táo入rù吴wú国guó，一yī会huì儿er又yòu说shuō想xiǎng向xiàng南nán逃táo入rù建jiàn宁níng（郡jùn名míng，故gù治zhì在zài今jīn云yún南nán省shěng曲qū靖jìng县xiàn西xī十shí五wǔ里lǐ），不bù知zhī道dào哪nǎ个ge消xiāo息xī才cái正zhèng确què。于yú是shì姜jiāng维wéi带dài着zhe兵bīng马mǎ从cóng广guǎng汉hàn和hé郪qī县xiàn（故gù城chéng在zài今jīn四sì川chuān省shěng三sān台tái县xiàn南nán）的de通tōng道dào撤chè退tuì来lái查chá明míng虚xū实shí。不bù久jiǔ接jiē到dào后hòu主zhǔ的de敕chì令lìng，就jiù放fàng下xià武wǔ器qì，解jiě除chú甲jiǎ胄zhòu，走zǒu到dào钟zhōng会huì在zài涪fú县xiàn的de军jūn营yíng里lǐ投tóu降xiáng，蜀shǔ国guó的de将jiàng士shì都dōu大dà为wèi愤fèn怒nù，拔bá出chū刀dāo子zi猛měng砍kǎn着zhe石shí头tou。

钟zhōng会huì对duì待dài姜jiāng维wéi等děng人rén很hěn优yōu厚hòu，都dōu从cóng权quán暂zàn时shí退tuì还huán他tā们men的de印yìn号hào节jié盖gài。钟zhōng会huì和hé姜jiāng维wéi出chū外wài就jiù同tóng乘chéng一yī辆liàng车chē，入rù坐zuò就jiù同tóng坐zuò一yī张zhāng席xí，他tā对duì长zhǎng史shǐ杜dù预yù说shuō：“拿ná伯bó约yuē和hé中zhōng原yuán名míng士shì相xiāng比bǐ，公gōng休xiū（诸zhū葛gě诞dàn）、太tài初chū（夏xià侯hóu玄xuán）未wèi必bì胜shèng得dé过guò他tā。”后hòu来lái钟zhōng会huì陷xiàn害hài邓dèng艾ài，邓dèng艾ài被bèi朝cháo廷tíng下xià诏zhào关guān在zài槛kǎn车chē里lǐ递dì解jiè回huí去qù，最zuì忌jì惮dàn的de人rén除chú去qù了le，钟zhōng会huì因yīn此cǐ带dài着zhe姜jiāng维wéi等děng人rén到dào了le成chéng都dū，自zì称chēng益yì州zhōu牧mù，背bèi叛pàn魏wèi朝cháo。钟zhōng会huì企qǐ图tú给gěi姜jiāng维wéi五wǔ万wàn名míng兵bīng士shì，让ràng他tā作zuò先xiān锋fēng部bù队duì。原yuán先xiān的de魏wèi朝cháo将jiàng士shì愤fèn怒nù反fǎn抗kàng，杀shā了le钟zhōng会huì和hé姜jiāng维wéi，姜jiāng维wéi的de妻qī儿ér都dōu被bèi害hài了le。

郤xì正zhèng著zhù论lùn论lùn姜jiāng维wéi说shuō：“姜jiāng伯bó约yuē据jù有yǒu上shàng将jiàng的de重zhòng大dà职zhí位wèi，阶jiē级jí在zài群qún臣chén之zhī上shàng，但dàn他tā家jiā的de房fáng屋wū破pò旧jiù狭xiá小xiǎo，财cái产chǎn也yě没méi留liú下xià多duō少shǎo，他tā的de偏piān房fáng里lǐ没méi有yǒu养yǎng着zhe妾qiè侍shì供gōng作zuò亲qīn狎xiá，后hòu庭tíng内nèi也yě没méi有yǒu准zhǔn备bèi乐yuè队duì供gōng作zuò娱yú乐lè，他tā添tiān置zhì衣yī服fú只zhǐ要yào够gòu穿chuān就jiù行xíng了le，用yòng车chē马mǎ只zhǐ要yào整zhěng齐qí就jiù算suàn了le，饮yǐn食shí很hěn有yǒu节jié制zhì，不bù奢shē侈chǐ也yě不bù省shěng俭jiǎn，公gōng家jiā给gěi的de费fèi用yòng，随suí手shǒu就jiù花huā用yòng干gān净jìng；我wǒ们men看kàn他tā所suǒ以yǐ如rú此cǐ，并bìng不bú是shì为wèi了le激jī励lì贪tān污wū浑hún浊zhuó的de人rén，就jiù这zhè样yàng压yā抑yì自zì己jǐ的de欲yù望wàng，割gē舍shě自zì己jǐ的de享xiǎng受shòu，他tā只zhǐ不bù过guò认rèn为wéi这zhè样yàng生shēng活huó就jiù够gòu了le，不bù必bì更gèng有yǒu所suǒ贪tān求qiú罢bà。普pǔ通tōng人rén的de主zhǔ张zhāng，常cháng常cháng是shì赞zàn扬yáng成chéng功gōng的de人rén，毁huǐ斥chì失shī败bài的de人rén，或huò者zhě是shì帮bāng地dì位wèi高gāo的de说shuō话huà，而ér压yā抑yì地dì位wèi低dī的de，他tā们men都dōu认rèn为wéi姜jiāng维wéi死sǐ无wú葬zàng身shēn之zhī地dì，连lián宗zōng族zú都dōu被bèi人rén灭miè绝jué了le，就jiù拿ná这zhè个ge来lái贬biǎn损sǔn他tā，不bù再zài肯kěn仔zǐ细xì检jiǎn讨tǎo整zhěng个gè事shì情qíng，这zhè和hé《春chūn秋qiū》所suǒ定dìng下xià褒bāo贬biǎn的de原yuán则zé实shí在zài差chà得dé太tài远yuǎn啊a！像xiàng姜jiāng维wéi的de好hào学xué不bù倦juàn，清qīng白bái节jié约yuē，本běn来lái就jiù是shì一yí个gè时shí代dài的de表biǎo率shuài。”

从cóng前qián跟gēn姜jiāng维wéi一yì起qǐ到dào蜀shǔ国guó的de人rén当dāng中zhōng，梁liáng绪xù官guān做zuò到dào大dà鸿hóng胪lú，尹yǐn赏shǎng做zuò到dào执zhí金jīn吾wú，梁liáng虔qián做zuò到dào大dà长zhǎng秋qiū，他tā们men都dōu在zài蜀shǔ亡wáng以yǐ前qián就jiù死sǐ去qù了le。

陈chén寿shòu评píng论lùn说shuō：蒋jiǎng琬wǎn正zhèng直zhí严yán整zhěng有yǒu威wēi仪yí，费fèi祎yī宽kuān厚hòu大dà方fāng而ér博bó爱ài，他tā们men都dōu继jì承chéng了le诸zhū葛gě亮liàng定dìng下xià的de规guī模mó，依yī循xún他tā的de做zuò法fǎ而ér不bù变biàn革gé，所suǒ以yǐ边biān境jìng没méi有yǒu危wēi险xiǎn，国guó家jiā安ān和hé调tiáo协xié，可kě是shì他tā们men还hái未wèi达dá到dào统tǒng治zhì小xiǎo国guó以yǐ处chù静jìng为wèi原yuán则zé的de最zuì高gāo境jìng界jiè。姜jiāng维wéi大dà致zhì上shàng是shì有yǒu文wén才cái武wǔ略lüè的de，他tā的de志zhì向xiàng在zài建jiàn立lì功gōng名míng，因yīn而ér随suí便biàn动dòng用yòng军jūn队duì，他tā的de判pàn断duàn力lì不bù够gòu周zhōu密mì，终zhōng于yú落luò得de毙bì命mìng的de下xià场chǎng。《老lǎo子zi》书shū上shàng有yǒu这zhè句jù话huà：“治zhì理lǐ大dà国guó好hǎo像xiàng煎jiān小xiǎo鱼yú一yī样yàng，不bù可kě随suí便biàn去qù扰rǎo乱luàn翻fān动dòng它tā。”何hé况kuàng是shì区qū区qū一yí个gè蕞zuì尔ěr蜀shǔ国guó，哪nǎ里lǐ经jīng得dé起qǐ频pín频pín扰rǎo动dòng呢ne？