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肇zhào有yǒu当dāng世shì才cái度dù,为wèi散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì、屯tún骑qí校xiào尉wèi。明míng帝dì寝qǐn疾jí,方fāng与yǔ燕yàn王wáng宇yǔ等děng属shǔ以yǐ后hòu事shì。帝dì意yì寻xún变biàn,诏zhào肇zhào以yǐ侯hóu归guī第dì。正zhèng始shǐ中zhōng薨hōng,追zhuī赠zèng卫wèi将jiāng军jūn,子zi兴xīng嗣sì。初chū,文wén帝dì分fēn休xiū户hù三sān百bǎi封fēng肇zhào弟dì纂zuǎn为wèi列liè侯hóu,后hòu为wèi殄tiǎn吴wú将jiāng军jūn,薨hōng,追zhuī赠zèng前qián将jiāng军jūn。

曹cáo真zhēn字zì子zi丹dān,太tài祖zǔ族zú子zi也yě。太tài祖zǔ起qǐ兵bīng,真zhēn父fù邵shào募mù徒tú众zhòng,为wèi州zhōu郡jùn所suǒ杀shā。太tài祖zǔ哀āi真zhēn少shǎo孤gū,收shōu养yǎng与yǔ诸zhū子zi同tóng,使shǐ与yǔ文wén帝dì共gòng止zhǐ。常cháng猎liè,为wèi虎hǔ所suǒ逐zhú。顾gù射shè虎hǔ,应yīng声shēng而ér倒dào。太tài祖zǔ壮zhuàng其qí鸷zhì勇yǒng,使shǐ将jiāng虎hǔ豹bào骑qí。讨tǎo灵líng丘qiū贼zéi,拔bá之zhī,封fēng灵líng寿shòu亭tíng侯hóu。以yǐ偏piān将jiāng军jūn将jiàng兵bīng击jī刘liú备bèi别bié将jiāng于yú辩biàn,破pò之zhī,拜bài中zhōng坚jiān将jiāng军jūn。从cóng至zhì长cháng安ān,领lǐng中zhōng领lǐng军jūn。是shì时shí,夏xià侯hóu渊yuān没méi于yú阳yáng平píng,太tài祖zǔ忧yōu之zhī。以yǐ真zhēn为wèi征zhēng蜀shǔ护hù军jūn,督dū徐xú晃huǎng等děng破pò刘liú备bèi别bié将jiāng高gāo详xiáng于yú阳yáng平píng。太tài祖zǔ自zì至zhì汉hàn中zhōng,拔bá出chū诸zhū军jūn,使shǐ真zhēn至zhì武wǔ都dōu迎yíng曹cáo洪hóng等děng还hái屯tún陈chén仓cāng。文wén帝dì即jí王wáng位wèi,以yǐ真zhēn为wèi镇zhèn西xī将jiāng军jūn,假jiǎ节jié,都dū督dū雍yōng、凉liáng州zhōu诸zhū军jūn事shì。录lù前qián后hòu功gōng,进jìn封fēng东dōng乡xiāng侯hóu。张zhāng进jìn等děng反fǎn于yú酒jiǔ泉quán,真zhēn遣qiǎn费fèi曜yào讨tǎo破pò之zhī。斩zhǎn进jìn等děng。黄huáng初chū三sān年nián还hái京jīng都dū,以yǐ真zhēn为wèi上shàng军jūn大dà将jiāng军jūn,都dū督dū中zhōng外wài诸zhū军jūn事shì,假jiǎ节jié钺yuè。与yǔ夏xià侯hóu尚shàng等děng征zhēng孙sūn权quán,击jī牛niú渚zhǔ屯tún,破pò之zhī。转zhuǎn拜bài中zhōng军jūn大dà将jiāng军jūn,加jiā给gěi事shì中zhōng。七qī年nián,文wén帝dì寝qǐn疾jí,真zhēn与yǔ陈chén群qún、司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng等děng受shòu遗yí诏zhào辅fǔ政zhèng。明míng帝dì即jí位wèi,进jìn封fēng邵shào陵líng侯hóu,迁qiān大dà将jiāng军jūn。

诸zhū葛gě亮liàng围wéi祁qí山shān,南nán安ān、天tiān水shuǐ、安ān定dìng三sān郡jùn反fǎn应yìng亮liàng。帝dì遣qiǎn真zhēn督dū诸zhū军jūn军jūn郿méi,遣qiǎn张zhāng郃hé击jī亮liàng将jiāng马mǎ谡sù,大dà破pò之zhī。安ān定dìng民mín杨yáng条tiáo等děng略lüè吏lì民mín保bǎo月yuè支zhī城chéng,真zhēn进jìn军jūn围wéi之zhī条tiáo谓wèi其qí众zhòng曰yuē:“大dà将jiāng军jūn自zì来lái,吾wú愿yuàn早zǎo降jiàng耳ěr。”遂suì自zì缚fù出chū,三sān郡jùn皆jiē平píng。真zhēn以yǐ亮liàng惩chéng于yú祁qí山shān,后hòu出chū必bì从cóng陈chén仓cāng。乃nǎi使shǐ将jiāng军jūn郝hǎo昭zhāo、王wáng生shēng守shǒu陈chén仓cāng,治zhì其qí城chéng。明míng年nián春chūn,亮liàng果guǒ围wéi陈chén仓cāng,已yǐ有yǒu备bèi而ér不bù能néng克kè。增zēng邑yì,并bìng前qián二èr千qiān九jiǔ百bǎi户hù。四sì年nián,朝cháo洛luò阳yáng,迁qiān大dà司sī马mǎ,赐cì剑jiàn履lǚ上shàng殿diàn,入rù朝cháo不bù趋qū。真zhēn以yǐ“蜀shǔ连lián出chū侵qīn边biān境jìng,宜yí遂suì伐fá之zhī,数shù道dào并bìng入rù,可kě大dà克kè也yě。”帝dì从cóng其qí计jì。真zhēn当dāng发fā西xī讨tǎo,帝dì亲qīn临lín送sòng。真zhēn以yǐ八bā月yuè发fā长cháng安ān,从cóng子zi午wǔ道dào南nán入rù。司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng溯sù汉hàn水shuǐ,当dāng会huì南nán郑zhèng。诸zhū军jūn或huò从cóng斜xié谷gǔ道dào,或huò从cóng武wǔ威wēi入rù。会huì大dà霖lín雨yǔ三sān十shí余yú日rì,或huò栈zhàn道dào断duàn绝jué,诏zhào真zhēn还hái军jūn。

真zhēn少shǎo与yǔ宗zōng人rén曹cáo遵zūn、乡xiāng人rén朱zhū赞zàn并bìng事shì太tài祖zǔ。遵zūn,赞zàn早zǎo亡wáng。真zhēn愍mǐn之zhī,乞qǐ分fēn所suǒ食shí邑yì封fēng遵zūn、赞zàn子zi。诏zhào曰yuē:“大dà司sī马mǎ有yǒu叔shū向xiàng抚fǔ孤gū之zhī仁rén。笃dǔ晏yàn平píng久jiǔ要yào之zhī分fēn。君jūn子zǐ成chéng人rén之zhī美měi,听tīng分fēn真zhēn邑yì赐cì遵zūn、赞zàn子zi爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu,各gè百bǎi户hù。”真zhēn每měi征zhēng行xíng,与yǔ将jiàng士shì同tóng劳láo苦kǔ,军jūn赏shǎng不bù足zú,辄zhé以yǐ家jiā财cái班bān赐cì,士shì卒zú皆jiē愿yuàn为wèi用yòng。真zhēn病bìng还hái洛luò阳yáng,帝dì自zì幸xìng其qí第dì省shěng疾jí。真zhēn薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē元yuán侯hóu,于yú爽shuǎng嗣sì。帝dì追zhuī思sī真zhēn功gōng,诏zhào曰yuē:“大dà司sī马mǎ蹈dǎo履lǚ忠zhōng节jié,佐zuǒ命mìng二èr祖zǔ,内nèi不bù恃shì亲qīn戚qī之zhī宠chǒng,外wài不bù骄jiāo白bái屋wū之zhī士shì,可kě谓wèi能néng封fēng盈yíng守shǒu位wèi,劳láo谦qiān其qí德dé者zhě也yě。其qí悉xī封fēng真zhēn五wǔ子zi羲xī、训xùn、则zé、彦yàn、皑ái皆jiē为wèi列liè侯hóu。”初chū,文wén帝dì分fēn真zhēn邑yì二èr百bǎi户hù,封fēng真zhēn弟dì彬bīn为wèi列liè侯hóu。

爽shuǎng字zì昭zhāo伯bó,少shǎo以yǐ宗zōng至zhì谨jǐn重zhòng,明míng帝dì在zài东dōng宫gōng,甚shèn亲qīn爱ài之zhī。及jí即jí位wèi,为wèi散sàn骑qí侍shì郎láng,累lèi迁qiān城chéng门mén校xiào尉wèi,加jiā散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,转zhuǎn武wǔ卫wèi将jiāng军jūn,宠chǒng待dài有yǒu殊shū。帝dì寝qǐn疾jí,乃nǎi引yǐn爽shuǎng入rù卧wò内nèi,拜bài大dà将jiāng军jūn,假jiǎ节jié钺yuè,都dū督dū中zhōng外wài诸zhū军jūn事shì,录lù尚shàng书shū事shì,与yǔ太tài尉wèi司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng井jǐng受shòu遗yí诏zhào辅fǔ少shǎo主zhǔ。明míng帝dì崩bēng,齐qí王wáng即jí位wèi,加jiā爽shuǎng侍shì中zhōng,改gǎi封fēng武wǔ安ān侯hóu,邑yì万wàn二èr千qiān户hù。赐cì剑jiàn履lǚ上shàng殿diàn,入rù朝cháo不bù趋qū,赞zàn拜bài不bù名míng。丁dīng谧mì画huà策cè,使shǐ爽shuǎng白bái天tiān子zi,发fā诏zhào转zhuǎn宣xuān王wáng为wèi太tài傅fù,外wài以yǐ名míng号hào尊zūn之zhī,内nèi欲yù令lìng尚shàng书shū奏zòu事shì。先xiān来lái由yóu己jǐ,得dé制zhì其qí轻qīng重zhòng也yě。爽shuǎng帝dì羲xī为wèi中zhōng领lǐng军jūn,训xùn武wǔ卫wèi将jiāng军jūn,彦yàn散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì侍shì讲jiǎng,其qí余yú诸zhū弟dì,皆jiē以yǐ列liè侯hóu侍shì从cóng,出chū入rù禁jìn闼tà,贵guì宠chǒng莫mò盛shèng焉yān。南nán阳yáng何hé晏yàn、邓dèng飏yáng、李lǐ胜shèng,沛pèi园yuán丁dīng谧mì、东dōng平píng毕bì轨guǐ咸xián有yǒu声shēng名míng,进jìn趣qù于yú时shí,明míng帝dì以yǐ其qí浮fú华huá,皆jiē抑yì黜chù之zhī。及jí爽shuǎng秉bǐng政zhèng,乃nǎi复fù进jìn叙xù,任rèn为wèi腹fù心xīn。飏yáng等děng欲yù令lìng爽shuǎng立lì威wēi名míng于yú天tiān下xià,劝quàn使shǐ伐fá蜀shǔ,爽shuǎng从cóng其qí言yán。宣xuān王wáng止zhǐ之zhī不bù能néng禁jìn。正zhèng始shǐ五wǔ年nián,爽shuǎng乃nǎi西xī至zhì长cháng安ān,大dà发fā率lǜ六liù七qī万wàn人rén,从cóng骆luò谷gǔ入rù。是shì时shí,关guān中zhōng及jí氐dī、羌qiāng转zhuǎn输shū不bù能néng供gōng,牛niú马mǎ骡luó驴lǘ多duō死sǐ,民mín夷yí号hào泣qì道dào路lù。入rù谷gǔ行xíng数shù百bǎi里lǐ,贼zéi因yīn山shān为wèi固gù,兵bīng不bù得dé进jìn。爽shuǎng参cān军jūn杨yáng伟wěi为wèi爽shuǎng陈chén形xíng势shì,宜yí急jí还hái,不bù然rán将jiāng败bài。飏yáng与yǔ伟wěi争zhēng于yú爽shuǎng前qián,伟wěi曰yuē:“飏yáng、胜shèng将jiāng败bài国guó家jiā事shì,可kě斩zhǎn也yě。”爽shuǎng不bú悦yuè,乃nǎi引yǐn军jūn还hái。

初chū,爽shuǎng以yǐ宣xuān王wáng年nián德dé并bìng高gāo,恒héng父fù事shì之zhī,不bù敢gǎn专zhuān行xíng。及jí晏yàn等děng进jìn用yòng,咸xián共gòng推tuī戴dài,说shuō爽shuǎng以yǐ权quán重zhòng不bù宜yí委wěi之zhī于yú人rén。乃nǎi以yǐ晏yàn、飏yáng、谧mì为wèi尚shàng书shū,晏yàn典diǎn选xuǎn举jǔ,轨guǐ司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi,胜shèng河hé南nán尹yǐn,诸zhū事shì希xī复fù由yóu宣xuān王wáng。宣xuān王wáng遂suì称chēng疾jí避bì爽shuǎng。晏yàn等děng专zhuān政zhèng,共gòng分fēn割gē洛luò阳yáng、野yě王wáng典diǎn农nóng部bù桑sāng田tián数shù百bǎi顷qǐng,及jí坏huài汤tāng沐mù地dì以yǐ为wéi产chǎn业yè,承chéng势shì窃qiè取qǔ官guān物wù,因yīn缘yuán求qiú欲yù州zhōu郡jùn。有yǒu司sī望wàng风fēng,莫mò敢gǎn忤wǔ旨zhǐ。晏yàn等děng与yǔ廷tíng尉wèi卢lú毓yù素sù有yǒu不bù平píng。因yīn毓yù吏lì微wēi过guò,深shēn文wén致zhì毓yù法fǎ,使shǐ主zhǔ者zhě先xiān收shōu毓yù印yìn绶shòu,然rán后hòu奏zòu闻wén。其qí作zuò威wēi如rú此cǐ。爽shuǎng饮yǐn食shí车chē服fú,拟nǐ于yú乘shèng舆yú。尚shàng方fāng珍zhēn玩wán,充chōng牣rèn其qí家jiā。妻qī妾qiè盈yíng后hòu庭tíng,又yòu私sī取qǔ先xiān帝dì才cái人rén七qī八bā人rén,及jí将jiāng吏lì、师shī工gōng、鼓gǔ吹chuī、良liáng家jiā子zǐ女nǚ三sān十shí三sān人rén,皆jiē以yǐ为wéi伎jì乐lè。诈zhà作zuò诏zhào书shū,发fā才cái人rén五wǔ十shí七qī人rén送sòng邺yè台tái,使shǐ先xiān帝dì倢jié伃yú教jiào习xí为wèi伎jì。擅shàn取qǔ太tài乐lè乐yuè器qì、武wǔ库kù禁jìn兵bīng。作zuò窟kū室shì,绮qǐ疏shū四sì周zhōu,数shù与yǔ晏yàn等děng会huì其qí中zhōng,纵zòng酒jiǔ作zuò乐lè。羲xī深shēn以yǐ为wéi大dà忧yōu,数shù谏jiàn止zhǐ之zhī。又yòu著zhù书shū三sān篇piān,陈chén骄jiāo淫yín盈yíng溢yì之zhī致zhì祸huò败bài,辞cí旨zhǐ甚shèn切qiè,不bù敢gǎn斥chì爽shuǎng,托tuō戒jiè诸zhū弟dì以yǐ示shì爽shuǎng。爽shuǎng知zhī其qí为wèi己jǐ发fā也yě,甚shèn不bú悦yuè,羲xī或huò时shí以yǐ谏jiàn喻yù不bù纳nà,涕tì泣qì而ér起qǐ。宣xuān王wáng密mì为wèi之zhī备bèi。九jiǔ年nián冬dōng,李lǐ胜shèng出chū为wèi荆jīng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,往wǎng诣yì宣xuān王wáng。宣xuān王wáng称chēng疾jí困kùn笃dǔ,示shì以yǐ羸léi形xíng。胜shèng不bù能néng觉jué,谓wèi之zhī信xìn然rán。

十shí年nián正zhēng月yuè,车chē驾jià朝cháo高gāo平píng陵líng,爽shuǎng兄xiōng弟dì皆jiē从cóng。宣xuān王wáng部bù勒lēi兵bīng马mǎ,先xiān据jù武wǔ库kù,遂suì出chū屯tún洛luò水shuǐ浮fú桥qiáo。奏zòu爽shuǎng曰yuē:“臣chén昔xī从cóng辽liáo东dōng还hái,先xiān帝dì诏zhào陛bì下xià、秦qín王wáng及jí臣chén升shēng御yù床chuáng,把bǎ臣chén臂bì,深shēn以yǐ后hòu事shì为wèi念niàn。臣chén言yán‘二èr祖zǔ亦yì属shǔ臣chén以yǐ后hòu事shì,(为wèi念niàn)此cǐ自zì陛bì下xià所suǒ见jiàn,无wú所suǒ忧yōu苦kǔ。万wàn一yī有yǒu不bù如rú意yì,臣chén当dāng以yǐ死sǐ奉fèng明míng诏zhào’。黄huáng门mén令lìng董dǒng箕jī等děng,才cái人rén侍shì疾jí者zhě,皆jiē所suǒ闻wén知zhī。今jīn大dà将jiāng军jūn爽shuǎng背bèi弃qì顾gù命mìng,败bài乱luàn国guó典diǎn,内nèi则zé僭jiàn拟nǐ,外wài专zhuān威wēi权quán;破pò坏huài诸zhū营yíng,尽jǐn据jù禁jìn兵bīng,群qún官guān要yào职zhí,皆jiē置zhì所suǒ亲qīn;殿diàn中zhōng宿sù卫wèi,历lì世shì旧jiù人rén皆jiē复fù斥chì出chū,欲yù置zhì新xīn人rén以yǐ树shù私sī计jì;根gēn据jù槃pán互hù,纵zòng恣zì日rì甚shèn。外wài既jì如rú此cǐ,又yòu以yǐ黄huáng门mén张zhāng当dāng为wèi都dōu监jiān,专zhuān共gòng交jiāo关guān,看kàn察chá至zhì尊zūn,候hòu伺cì神shén器qì,离lí间jiàn二èr宫gōng,伤shāng害hài骨gǔ肉ròu。天tiān下xià汹xiōng汹xiōng,人rén怀huái危wēi惧jù,陛bì下xià但dàn为wèi寄jì坐zuò,岂qǐ得dé久jiǔ安ān!此cǐ非fēi先xiān帝dì诏zhào陛bì下xià及jí臣chén升shēng御yù床chuáng之zhī本běn意yì也yě。臣chén虽suī朽xiǔ迈mài,敢gǎn忘wàng往wǎng言yán?昔xī赵zhào高gāo极jí意yì,奏zòu氏shì以yǐ灭miè;吕lǚ、霍huò早zǎo断duàn,汉hàn祚zuò永yǒng世shì。此cǐ乃nǎi陛bì下xià之zhī大dà鉴jiàn,臣chén受shòu命mìng之zhī时shí也yě。太tài尉wèi臣chén济jì、尚shàng书shū令lìng臣chén孚fú等děng,皆jiē以yǐ爽shuǎng为wèi有yǒu无wú君jūn之zhī心xīn,兄xiōng弟dì不bù宜yí典diǎn兵bīng宿sù卫wèi,奏zòu永yǒng宁níng宫gōng。皇huáng太tài后hòu令lìng敕chì臣chén如rú奏zòu施shī行xíng。臣chén辄zhé敕chì主zhǔ者zhě及jí黄huáng门mén令lìng罢bà爽shuǎng、羲xī、训xùn吏lì兵bīng,以yǐ侯hóu就jiù第dì,不bù得dé逗dòu留liú以yǐ稽jī车chē驾jià;敢gǎn有yǒu稽jī留liú,便biàn以yǐ军jūn法fǎ从cóng事shì。臣chén辄zhé力lì疾jí将jiàng兵bīng屯tún洛luò水shuǐ浮fú桥qiáo,伺cì察chá非fēi常cháng。”

爽shuǎng得dé宣xuān王wáng奏zòu事shì,不bù通tōng,迫pò窘jiǒng不bù知zhī所suǒ为wèi。大dà司sī农nóng沛pèi国guó桓huán范fàn闻wén兵bīng起qǐ,不bù应yīng太tài后hòu召zhào,矫jiǎo诏zhào开kāi平píng昌chāng门mén,拔bá取qǔ剑jiàn戟jǐ,略lüè将jiàng门mén候hòu,南nán奔bēn爽shuǎng。宣xuān王wáng知zhī,曰yuē:“范fàn画huà策cè,爽shuǎng必bì不bù能néng用yòng范fàn计jì。”范fàn说shuō爽shuǎng使shǐ车chē驾jià幸xìng许xǔ昌chāng,招zhāo外wài兵bīng。爽shuǎng兄xiōng弟dì犹yóu豫yù未wèi决jué,范fàn重zhòng谓wèi羲xī曰yuē:“当dāng今jīn白bái,卿qīng门mén户hù求qiú贫pín贱jiàn复fù可kě得dé乎hū?且qiě匹pǐ夫fū持chí质zhì一yī人rén,尚shàng欲yù望wàng活huó。今jīn卿qīng与yǔ天tiān子zi相xiāng随suí,令lìng于yú天tiān下xià,谁shuí敢gǎn不bù应yīng者zhě?”羲xī犹yóu不bù能néng纳nà。侍shì中zhōng许xǔ允yǔn、尚shàng书shū陈chén泰tài说shuō爽shuǎng,使shǐ早zǎo自zì归guī罪zuì。爽shuǎng于yú是shì遣qiǎn允yǔn、泰tài诣yì宣xuān王wáng,归guī罪zuì请qǐng死sǐ,乃nǎi通tōng宣xuān王wáng奏zòu事shì。遂suì免miǎn爽shuǎng兄xiōng弟dì,以yǐ侯hóu还hái第dì。

初chū,张zhāng当dāng私sī以yǐ所suǒ择zé才cái人rén张zhāng、何hé等děng与yǔ爽shuǎng。疑yí其qí有yǒu奸jiān,收shōu当dāng治zhì罪zuì。当dāng陈chén爽shuǎng与yǔ晏yàn等děng阴yīn谋móu反fǎn逆nì,并bìng先xiān习xí兵bīng,须xū三sān月yuè中zhōng欲yù发fā,于yú是shì收shōu晏yàn等děng下xià狱yù。会huì公gōng卿qīng朝cháo臣chén廷tíng议yì,以yǐ为wéi“《春chūn秋qiū》之zhī义yì,‘君jūn亲qīn无wú将jiāng,将jiāng而ér必bì诛zhū’。爽shuǎng以yǐ支zhī属shǔ,世shì蒙méng殊shū宠chǒng,亲qīn受shòu先xiān帝dì握wò手shǒu遗yí诏zhào,托tuō以yǐ天tiān下xià,而ér包bāo藏cáng祸huò心xīn,蔑miè弃qì顾gù命mìng。乃nǎi与yǔ晏yàn、飏yáng及jí当dāng等děng谋móu图tú神shén器qì,范fàn党dǎng同tóng罪zuì人rén,皆jiē为wèi大dà逆nì不bù道dào。”于yú是shì收shōu爽shuǎng、羲xī、训xùn、晏yàn、飏yáng、谧mì、轨guǐ、胜shèng、范fàn、当dāng等děng,皆jiē伏fú诛zhū,夷yí三sān族zú。嘉jiā平píng中zhōng,绍shào功gōng臣chén世shì,封fēng真zhēn族zú孙sūn熙xī为wèi新xīn昌chāng亭tíng侯hóu,邑yì三sān百bǎi户hù,以yǐ奉fèng真zhēn后hòu。

晏yàn,何hé进jìn孙sūn也yě。母mǔ尹yǐn氏shì,为wèi太tài祖zǔ夫fū人rén。晏yàn长cháng于yú宫gōng省shěng,又yòu尚shàng公gōng主zhǔ,少shǎo以yǐ才cái秀xiù知zhī名míng。好hǎo《老lǎo》、《庄zhuāng》言yán,作zuò《道dào德dé论lùn》及jí诸zhū文wén赋fù著zhù述shù凡fán数shù十shí篇piān。

夏xià侯hóu尚shàng字zì伯bó仁rén,渊yuān从cóng子zi也yě。文wén帝dì与yǔ之zhī亲qīn友yǒu。太tài祖zǔ定dìng冀jì州zhōu,尚shàng为wèi军jūn司sī马mǎ,将jiāng骑qí从cóng征zhēng伐fá,后hòu为wèi五wǔ官guān将jiāng文wén学xué。魏wèi国guó初chū建jiàn,迁qiān黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng。代dài郡jùn胡hú叛pàn,遣qiǎn鄢yān陵líng侯hóu彰zhāng征zhēng讨tǎo之zhī,以yǐ尚shàng参cān彰zhāng军jūn事shì,定dìng代dài地dì,还hái。太tài祖zǔ崩bēng于yú洛luò阳yáng。尚shàng持chí节jié,奉fèng梓zǐ宫gōng还hái邺yè。并bìng录lù前qián功gōng,封fēng平píng陵líng亭tíng侯hóu,拜bài散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,迁qiān中zhōng领lǐng军jūn。文wén帝dì践jiàn阼zuò,更gèng封fēng平píng陵líng乡xiāng侯hóu,迁qiān征zhēng南nán将jiāng军jūn,领lǐng荆jīng州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,假jiǎ节jié,都dū督dū南nán方fāng诸zhū军jūn事shì。尚shàng奏zòu:“刘liú备bèi别bié军jūn在zài上shàng庸yōng,山shān道dào险xiǎn难nán,彼bǐ不bù我wǒ虞yú,若ruò以yǐ奇qí兵bīng潜qián行xíng,出chū其qí不bù意yì,则zé独dú克kè之zhī势shì也yě。”遂suì勒lēi诸zhū军jūn击jī破pò上shàng庸yōng,平píng三sān郡jùn九jiǔ县xiàn,迁qiān征zhēng南nán大dà将jiāng军jūn。孙sūn权quán虽suī称chēng藩fān,尚shàng益yì修xiū攻gōng讨tǎo之zhī备bèi,权quán后hòu果guǒ有yǒu贰èr心xīn。黄huáng初chū三sān年nián,车chē驾jià幸xìng宛wǎn,使shǐ尚shàng率lǜ诸zhū军jūn与yǔ曹cáo真zhēn共gòng围wéi江jiāng陵líng。权quán将jiāng诸zhū葛gě瑾jǐn与yǔ尚shàng军jūn对duì江jiāng,瑾jǐn渡dù入rù江jiāng中zhōng渚zhǔ,而ér分fēn水shuǐ军jūn于yú江jiāng中zhōng。尚shàng夜yè多duō持chí油yóu船chuán,将jiāng步bù骑qí万wàn余yú人rén,于yú下xià流liú潜qián渡dù,攻gōng瑾jǐn诸zhū军jūn,夹jiā江jiāng烧shāo其qí舟zhōu船chuán,水shuǐ陆lù并bìng攻gōng,破pò之zhī。城chéng末mò拔bá,会huì大dà疫yì,诏zhào敕chì尚shàng引yǐn诸zhū军jūn还hái。益yì封fēng六liù百bǎi户hù,并bìng前qián干gàn九jiǔ百bǎi户hù,假jiǎ钺yuè,进jìn为wèi牧mù。荆jīng州zhōu残cán荒huāng,外wài接jiē蛮mán夷yí。而ér与yǔ吴wú阻zǔ汉hàn水shuǐ为wèi境jìng,旧jiù民mín多duō居jū江jiāng南nán。尚shàng自zì上shàng庸yōng通tōng道dào,西xī行xíng七qī百bǎi余yú里lǐ,山shān民mín蛮mán夷yí多duō服fú从cóng者zhě。五wǔ六liù年nián间jiān,降jiàng附fù数shù千qiān家jiā。五wǔ年nián,徙xǐ封fēng昌chāng陵líng乡xiāng侯hóu。尚shàng有yǒu爱ài妾qiè嬖bì幸xìng,宠chǒng夺duó适shì室shì。适shì室shì,曹cáo氏shì女nǚ也yě,故gù文wén帝dì遣qiǎn人rén绞jiǎo杀shā之zhī。尚shàng悲bēi感gǎn,发fā病bìng恍huǎng惚hū,既jì葬zàng埋mái妾qiè,不bù胜shèng思sī见jiàn,复fù出chū视shì之zhī。文wén帝dì闻wén而ér恚huì之zhī曰yuē:“杜dù袭xí之zhī轻qīng薄bó尚shàng,良liáng有yǒu以yǐ也yě。”然rán以yǐ旧jiù臣chén,恩ēn宠chǒng不bù衰shuāi。六liù年nián,尚shàng疾jí笃dǔ,还hái京jīng都dū,帝dì数shù临lín幸xìng,执zhí手shǒu涕tì泣qì。尚shàng薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē悼dào侯hóu,子zi玄xuán嗣sì。又yòu分fēn尚shàng户hù三sān百bǎi,赐cì尚shàng弟dì子zǐ奉fèng爵jué关guān内nèi侯hóu。

玄xuán字zì太tài初chū。少shǎo知zhī名míng,弱ruò冠guàn为wèi散sàn骑qí、黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng。尝cháng进jìn见jiàn,与yǔ皇huáng后hòu弟dì毛máo曾céng并bìng坐zuò。玄xuán耻chǐ之zhī。不bú悦yuè形xíng之zhī于yú色sè。明míng帝dì恨hèn之zhī,左zuǒ迁qiān为wèi羽yǔ林lín监jiān。正zhèng始shǐ初chū,曹cáo爽shuǎng辅fǔ政zhèng。玄xuán,爽shuǎng之zhī姑gū子zi也yě。累lèi迁qiān散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì、中zhōng护hù军jūn。

太tài傅fù司sī马mǎ宣xuān王wáng问wèn以yǐ时shí事shì,玄xuán议yì以yǐ为wéi:“夫fū官guān才cái用yòng人rén,国guó之zhī柄bǐng也yě;故gù铨quán衡héng专zhuān于yú台tái阁gé,上shàng之zhī分fēn也yě;孝xiào行xíng存cún乎hū闾lǘ巷xiàng,优yōu劣liè任rèn之zhī乡xiāng人rén,下xià之zhī叙xù也yě。夫fū欲yù清qīng教jiào审shěn选xuǎn,在zài明míng其qí分fēn叙xù,不bù使shǐ相xiāng涉shè而ér已yǐ。何hé者zhě?上shàng过guò其qí分fēn,则zé恐kǒng所suǒ由yóu之zhī不bù本běn,而ér干gàn势shì驰chí鹜wù之zhī路lù开kāi;下xià逾yú其qí叙xù,则zé恐kǒng天tiān爵jué之zhī外wài通tōng,而ér机jī权quán之zhī门mén多duō矣yǐ。夫fū天tiān爵jué下xià通tōng,是shì庶shù人rén议yì柄bǐng也yě;机jī权quán多duō门mén,是shì纷fēn乱luàn之zhī原yuán也yě。自zì州zhōu郡jùn中zhōng正zhèng品pǐn度dù官guān才cái之zhī来lái,有yǒu年nián载zài矣yǐ,缅miǎn缅miǎn纷fēn纷fēn,未wèi闻wén整zhěng齐qí,岂qǐ非fēi分fēn叙xù参cēn错cuò,各gè失shī其qí要yào之zhī所suǒ由yóu哉zāi!若ruò令lìng中zhōng正zhèng但dàn考kǎo行xíng伦lún辈bèi,伦lún辈bèi当dāng行xíng均jūn,斯sī可kě官guān矣yǐ。何hé者zhě?夫fū孝xiào行xíng著zhù于yú家jiā门mén,岂qǐ不bù忠zhōng恪kè于yú在zài官guān乎hū?仁rén怨yuàn称chēng于yú九jiǔ族zú,岂qǐ不bù达dá于yú为wéi政zhèng乎hū?义yì断duàn行xíng于yú乡xiāng党dǎng,岂qǐ不bù堪kān于yú事shì任rèn乎hū?三sān者zhě之zhī类lèi,取qǔ于yú中zhōng正zhèng,虽suī不bù处chù其qí官guān名míng,斯sī任rèn官guān可kě知zhī矣yǐ。行xíng有yǒu大dà小xiǎo,比bǐ有yǒu高gāo下xià,则zé所suǒ任rèn之zhī流liú,亦yì涣huàn然rán明míng别bié矣yǐ。奚xī必bì使shǐ中zhōng正zhèng干gàn铨quán衡héng之zhī机jī于yú下xià,而ér执zhí机jī柄bǐng者zhě有yǒu所suǒ委wěi仗zhàng于yú上shàng,上shàng下xià交jiāo侵qīn,以yǐ生shēng纷fēn错cuò哉zāi?且qiě台tái阁gé临lín下xià,考kǎo功gōng校xiào否fǒu,众zhòng职zhí之zhī属shǔ,各gè有yǒu官guān长zhǎng,旦dàn夕xī相xiāng考kǎo,莫mò究jiū于yú此cǐ;闾lǘ阎yán之zhī议yì,以yǐ意yì裁cái处chǔ,而ér使shǐ匠jiàng宰zǎi失shī位wèi,众zhòng人rén驱qū骇hài,欲yù风fēng俗sú清qīng静jìng,其qí可kě得dé乎hū?天tiān台tái县xiàn远yuǎn,众zhòng所suǒ绝jué意yì。所suǒ得de至zhì者zhě,更gèng在zài侧cè近jìn,孰shú不bù修xiū饰shì以yǐ要yào所suǒ求qiú?所suǒ求qiú有yǒu路lù,则zé修xiū已yǐ家jiā门mén者zhě,已yǐ不bù如rú自zì达dá于yú乡xiāng党dǎng矣yǐ。自zì达dá乡xiāng党dǎng者zhě,已yǐ不bù如rú自zì求qiú之zhī于yú州zhōu邦bāng矣yǐ。苟gǒu开kāi之zhī有yǒu路lù,而ér患huàn其qí饰shì真zhēn离lí本běn,虽suī复fù严yán责zé中zhōng正zhèng,督dū以yǐ刑xíng罚fá,犹yóu无wú益yì也yě。岂qǐ若ruò使shǐ备bèi帅shuài其qí分fēn,官guān长zhǎng则zé各gè以yǐ其qí属shǔ能néng否fǒu献xiàn之zhī台tái阁gé,台tái阁gé则zé据jù官guān长zhǎng能néng否fǒu之zhī第dì,参cān以yǐ乡xiāng闾lǘ德dé行xíng之zhī次cì,拟nǐ其qí伦lún比bǐ,勿wù使shǐ偏piān颇pǒ。中zhōng正zhèng则zé唯wéi考kǎo其qí行xíng迹jì,别bié其qí高gāo下xià,审shěn定dìng辈bèi类lèi,勿wù使shǐ升shēng降jiàng。台tái阁gé总zǒng之zhī,如rú其qí所suǒ简jiǎn或huò有yǒu参cēn错cuò,则zé其qí责zé负fù自zì在zài有yǒu司sī。官guān长zhǎng所suǒ第dì,中zhōng正zhèng辈bèi拟nǐ,比bǐ随suí次cì率lǜ而ér用yòng之zhī,如rú其qí不bù称chēng,责zé负fù在zài外wài。然rán则zé内nèi外wài相xiāng参cān,得dé失shī有yǒu所suǒ,互hù相xiāng形xíng检jiǎn,孰shú能néng相xiāng饰shì?斯sī则zé人rén心xīn定dìng而ér事shì理lǐ得dé,庶shù可kě以yǐ静jìng风fēng俗sú而ér审shěn官guān才cái矣yǐ。”又yòu以yǐ为wéi:“古gǔ之zhī建jiàn官guān,所suǒ以yǐ济jì育yù群qún生shēng,统tǒng理lǐ民mín物wù也yě,故gù为wèi之zhī君jūn长zhǎng以yǐ司sī牧mù之zhī。司sī牧mù之zhī主zhǔ,欲yù一yī而ér专zhuān,一yī则zé宫gōng任rèn定dìng而ér上shàng下xià安ān,专zhuān则zé职zhí业yè修xiū而ér事shì不bù烦fán。夫fū事shì简jiǎn业yè修xiū,上shàng下xià相xiāng安ān而ér不bù治zhì者zhě,末mò之zhī有yǒu也yě。先xiān王wáng建jiàn万wàn国guó,虽suī其qí详xiáng未wèi可kě得dé而ér究jiū,然rán分fēn疆jiāng画huà界jiè,各gè守shǒu土tǔ境jìng,则zé非fēi重zhòng累lèi羁jī绊bàn之zhī体tǐ也yě。下xià考kǎo殷yīn、周zhōu五wǔ等děng之zhī叙xù,徒tú有yǒu小xiǎo大dà贵guì贱jiàn之zhī差chà,亦yì无wú君jūn官guān臣chén民mín而ér有yǒu二èr统tǒng互hù相xiāng牵qiān制zhì者zhě也yě。夫fū官guān统tǒng不bù一yī,则zé职zhí业yè不bù修xiū;职zhí业yè不bù修xiū,则zé事shì何hé得dé而ér简jiǎn?事shì之zhī不bù简jiǎn,则zé民mín何hé得dé而ér静jìng?民mín之zhī不bù静jìng,则zé邪xié恶è并bìng兴xīng,而ér奸jiān伪wěi滋zī长zhǎng矣yǐ。先xiān王wáng达dá其qí如rú此cǐ,故gù专zhuān其qí职zhí司sī而ér一yī其qí统tǒng业yè。始shǐ自zì秦qín世shì,不bù师shī圣shèng道dào,私sī以yǐ御yù职zhí,奸jiān以yǐ待dài下xià;惧jù宰zǎi官guān之zhī不bù修xiū,立lì监jiān牧mù以yǐ董dǒng之zhī,畏wèi督dū监jiān之zhī容róng曲qū,设shè司sī察chá以yǐ纠jiū之zhī;宰zǎi牧mù相xiāng累lèi,监jiān察chá相xiāng司sī,人rén怀huái异yì心xīn,上shàng下xià殊shū务wù。汉hàn承chéng其qí绪xù,莫mò能néng匡kuāng改gǎi。魏wèi室shì之zhī隆lóng,日rì不bù暇xiá及jí,五wǔ等děng之zhī典diǎn,虽suī难nán卒zú复fù,可kě粗cū立lì仪yí准zhǔn以yǐ一yī治zhì制zhì。今jīn之zhī长zhǎng吏lì,皆jiē君jūn吏lì民mín,横héng重zhòng以yǐ郡jùn守shǒu,累lèi以yǐ刺cì史shǐ。若ruò郡jùn所suǒ摄shè,唯wéi在zài大dà较jiào,则zé与yǔ州zhōu同tóng,无wú为wéi再zài重zhòng。宜yí省shěng郡jùn守shǒu,但dàn任rèn刺cì史shǐ;刺cì史shǐ职zhí存cún则zé监jiān察chá不bù废fèi,郡jùn吏lì万wàn数shù,还hái亲qīn农nóng业yè,以yǐ省shěng烦fán费fèi,丰fēng财cái殖zhí谷gǔ,一yī也yě。大dà县xiàn之zhī才cái,皆jiē堪kān郡jùn守shǒu,是shì非fēi之zhī讼sòng,每měi生shēng意yì异yì,顺shùn从cóng则zé安ān,直zhí己jǐ则zé争zhēng。夫fū和hé羹gēng之zhī美měi,在zài于yú合hé异yì,上shàng下xià之zhī益yì,在zài能néng相xiāng济jì,顺shùn从cóng乃nǎi安ān,此cǐ琴qín瑟sè一yī声shēng也yě,荡dàng而ér除chú之zhī,则zé官guān省shěng事shì简jiǎn,二èr也yě。又yòu干gàn郡jùn之zhī吏lì,职zhí监jiān诸zhū县xiàn,营yíng护hù党dǎng亲qīn,乡xiāng邑yì旧jiù故gù,如rú有yǒu不bù副fù,而ér因yīn公gōng掣chè顿dùn,民mín之zhī困kùn弊bì,咎jiù生shēng于yú此cǐ,若ruò皆jiē并bìng合hé,则zé乱luàn原yuán自zì塞sāi,三sān也yě。今jīn承chéng衰shuāi弊bì,民mín人rén彫diāo落luò,贤xián才cái鲜xiān少shǎo,任rèn事shì者zhě寡guǎ,郡jùn县xiàn良liáng吏lì,往wǎng往wǎng非fēi一yī,郡jùn受shòu县xiàn成chéng,其qí剧jù在zài下xià,而ér吏lì之zhī上shàng选xuǎn,郡jùn当dāng先xiān足zú,此cǐ为wèi亲qīn民mín之zhī吏lì,专zhuān得dé底dǐ下xià,吏lì者zhě民mín命mìng,而ér常cháng顽wán鄙bǐ,今jīn如rú并bìng之zhī,吏lì多duō选xuǎn清qīng良liáng者zhě造zào职zhí,大dà化huà宣xuān流liú,民mín物wù获huò宁níng,四sì也yě。制zhì使shǐ万wàn户hù之zhī县xiàn,名míng之zhī郡jùn守shǒu,五wǔ千qiān以yǐ上shàng,名míng之zhī都dū尉wèi,千qiān户hù以yǐ下xià,令lìng长zhǎng如rú故gù,自zì长zhǎng以yǐ上shàng,考kǎo课kè迁qiān用yòng,转zhuǎn以yǐ能néng升shēng,所suǒ牧mù亦yì增zēng,此cǐ进jìn才cái效xiào功gōng之zhī叙xù也yě,若ruò经jīng制zhì一yí定dìng,则zé官guān才cái有yǒu次cì,治zhì功gōng齐qí名míng,五wǔ也yě。若ruò省shěng郡jùn守shǒu,县xiàn皆jiē径jìng达dá,事shì不bù拥yōng隔gé,官guān无wú留liú滞zhì,三sān代dài之zhī风fēng,虽suī未wèi可kě必bì,简jiǎn一yī之zhī化huà,庶shù几jǐ可kě致zhì,便biàn民mín省shěng费fèi,在zài于yú此cǐ矣yǐ。”又yòu以yǐ为wéi:“文wén质zhì之zhī更gèng用yòng,犹yóu四sì时shí之zhī迭dié兴xīng也yě,王wáng者zhě体tǐ天tiān理lǐ物wù,必bì因yīn弊bì而ér济jì通tōng之zhī,时shí弥mí质zhì则zé文wén之zhī以yǐ礼lǐ,时shí泰tài侈chǐ则zé救jiù之zhī以yǐ质zhì。今jīn承chéng百bǎi王wáng之zhī末mò,秦qín汉hàn余yú流liú,世shì俗sú弥mí文wén,宜yí大dà改gǎi之zhī易yì民mín望wàng。今jīn科kē制zhì自zì公gōng、列liè侯hóu以yǐ下xià,位wèi从cóng大dà将jiāng军jūn以yǐ上shàng,皆jiē得dé服fú绫líng锦jǐn、罗luó绮qǐ、纨wán素sù、金jīn银yín饰shì镂lòu之zhī物wù,自zì是shì以yǐ下xià,杂zá采cǎi之zhī服fú,通tōng于yú贱jiàn人rén,虽suī上shàng下xià等děng级jí,各gè示shì有yǒu差chà,然rán朝cháo臣chén之zhī制zhì,已yǐ得dé侔móu至zhì尊zūn矣yǐ,玄xuán黄huáng之zhī采cǎi,已yǐ得dé通tōng于yú下xià矣yǐ。欲yù使shǐ市shì不bù鬻yù华huá丽lì之zhī色sè,商shāng不bù通tōng难nán得dé之zhī货huò,工gōng不bù作zuò雕diāo刻kè之zhī物wù,不bù可kě得dé也yě。是shì故gù宜yí大dà理lǐ其qí本běn,准zhǔn度dù古gǔ法fǎ,文wén质zhì之zhī宜yí,取qǔ其qí中zhōng则zé,以yǐ为wéi礼lǐ度dù。车chē舆yú服fú章zhāng,皆jiē从cóng质zhì朴piáo,禁jìn除chú末mò俗sú华huá丽lì之zhī事shì,使shǐ干gàn朝cháo之zhī家jiā,有yǒu位wèi之zhī室shì,不bù复fù有yǒu锦jǐn绮qǐ之zhī饰shì,无wú兼jiān采cǎi之zhī服fú,纤xiān巧qiǎo之zhī物wù,自zì上shàng以yǐ下xià,至zhì于yú朴pǔ素sù之zhī差chà,示shì有yǒu等děng级jí而ér已yǐ,勿wù使shǐ过guò一yī二èr之zhī觉jué。若ruò夫fú功gōng德dé之zhī赐cì,上shàng恩ēn所suǒ特tè加jiā,皆jiē表biǎo之zhī有yǒu司sī,然rán后hòu服fú用yòng之zhī。夫fū上shàng之zhī化huà下xià,犹yóu风fēng之zhī靡mí草cǎo。朴pǔ素sù之zhī教jiào兴xīng于yú本běn朝cháo,则zé弥mí侈chǐ之zhī心xīn自zì消xiāo于yú下xià矣yǐ。”

宣xuān王wáng报bào书shū曰yuē:“审shěn官guān择zé人rén,除chú重zhòng官guān,改gǎi服fú制zhì,皆jiē大dà善shàn。礼lǐ乡xiāng闾lǘ本běn行háng,朝cháo廷tíng考kǎo事shì,大dà指zhǐ如rú所suǒ示shì。而ér中zhōng间jiān一yī相xiāng承chéng习xí,卒zú不bù能néng改gǎi。秦qín时shí无wú刺cì史shǐ,但dàn有yǒu郡jùn守shǒu长zhǎng吏lì。汉hàn家jiā虽suī有yǒu刺cì史shǐ,奉fèng六liù条tiáo而ér已yǐ,故gù刺cì史shǐ称chēng传chuán车chē,其qí吏lì言yán从cóng事shì,居jū无wú常cháng治zhì,吏lì不bù成chéng臣chén,其qí后hòu转zhuǎn更gèng为wéi官guān司sī耳ěr。昔xī贾jiǎ谊yì亦yì患huàn服fú制zhì,汉hàn文wén虽suī身shēn服fú弋yì绨tí,犹yóu不bù能néng使shǐ上shàng下xià如rú意yì。恐kǒng此cǐ三sān事shì,当dāng待dài贤xián能néng然rán后hòu了le耳ěr。”玄xuán又yòu书shū曰yuē:“汉hàn文wén虽suī身shēn衣yī弋yì绨tí,而ér不bù革gé正zhèng法fǎ度dù,内nèi外wài有yǒu僭jiàn拟nǐ之zhī服fú,宠chǒng臣chén受shòu无wú限xiàn之zhī赐cì,由yóu是shì观guān之zhī,似shì指zhǐ立lì在zài身shēn之zhī名míng,非fēi笃dǔ齐qí治zhì制zhì之zhī意yì也yě。今jīn公gōng侯hóu命mìng世shì作zuò宰zǎi,追zhuī踪zōng上shàng古gǔ,将jiāng隆lóng至zhì治zhì,抑yì末mò正zhèng本běn,若ruò制zhì定dìng于yú上shàng,则zé化huà行xíng于yú众zhòng矣yǐ。夫fū当dāng宜yí改gǎi之zhī时shí,留liú殷yīn勤qín之zhī心xīn,令lìng发fā之zhī日rì,下xià之zhī应yīng也yě犹yóu响xiǎng寻xún声shēng耳ěr,犹yóu垂chuí谦qiān谦qiān,曰yuē‘待dài贤xián能néng’,此cǐ伊yī周zhōu不bù正zhèng殷yīn姬jī之zhī典diǎn也yě。窃qiè末mò喻yù焉yān。”

顷qǐng之zhī,为wèi征zhēng西xī将jiāng军jūn,假jiǎ节jié都dū督dū雍yōng、凉liáng州zhōu诸zhū军jūn事shì。与yǔ曹cáo爽shuǎng共gòng兴xīng骆luò谷gǔ之zhī役yì,时shí人rén讥jī之zhī。爽shuǎng诛zhū,征zhēng玄xuán为wèi大dà鸿hóng胪lú,数shù年nián徙xǐ太tài常cháng。玄xuán以yǐ爽shuǎng抑yì绌chù,内nèi不bù得dé意yì。中zhōng书shū令lìng李lǐ丰fēng虽suī宿sù为wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn司sī马mǎ景jǐng王wáng所suǒ亲qīn待dài,然rán私sī心xīn在zài玄xuán,遂suì结jié皇huáng后hòu父fù光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū张zhāng缉jī,谋móu欲yù以yǐ玄xuán辅fǔ政zhèng。丰fēng既jì内nèi握wò权quán柄bǐng,子zi尚shàng公gōng主zhǔ,又yòu与yǔ缉jī俱jù冯féng翊yì人rén,故gù缉jī信xìn之zhī。丰fēng阴yīn令lìng弟dì兖yǎn州zhōu刺cì史shǐ翼yì求qiú入rù朝cháo,欲yù使shǐ将jiàng兵bīng入rù,并bìng力lì起qǐ。会huì翼yì求qiú朝cháo,不bù听tīng。嘉jiā平píng六liù年nián二èr月yuè,当dāng拜bài贵guì人rén,丰fēng等děng欲yù因yīn御yù临lín轩xuān,诸zhū门mén有yǒu陛bì兵bīng,诛zhū大dà将jiāng军jūn,以yǐ玄xuán代dài之zhī,以yǐ缉jī为wèi骠piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn。丰fēng密mì语yǔ黄huáng门mén监jiān苏sū铄shuò、永yǒng宁níng署shǔ令lìng乐lè敦dūn、冗rǒng从cóng仆pū射shè刘liú贤xián等děng曰yuē:“卿qīng诸zhū人rén居jū内nèi,多duō有yǒu不bù法fǎ,大dà将jiāng军jūn严yán毅yì,累lèi以yǐ为wéi言yán,张zhāng当dāng可kě以yǐ为wèi诫jiè。”铄shuò等děng皆jiē许xǔ以yǐ从cóng命mìng。大dà将jiāng军jūn微wēi闻wén其qí谋móu,请qǐng丰fēng相xiāng见jiàn,丰fēng不bù知zhī而ér往wǎng,即jí杀shā之zhī。事shì下xià有yǒu司sī,收shōu玄xuán、缉jī、铄shuò、敦dūn、贤xián等děng送sòng廷tíng尉wèi。廷tíng尉wèi钟zhōng毓yù奏zòu:“丰fēng等děng谋móu迫pò胁xié至zhì尊zūn,擅shàn诛zhū冢zhǒng宰zǎi,大dà逆nì无wú道dào,请qǐng论lùn如rú法fǎ。”于yú是shì会huì公gōng卿qīng朝cháo臣chén廷tíng尉wèi仪yí,咸xián以yǐ为wéi“丰fēng等děng各gè受shòu殊shū宠chǒng,典diǎn综zōng机jī密mì,缉jī承chéng外wài戚qī椒jiāo房fáng之zhī尊zūn。玄xuán备bèi世shì臣chén,并bìng居jū列liè位wèi,而ér包bāo藏cáng祸huò心xīn,构gòu图tú凶xiōng逆nì,交jiāo关guān阉yān竖shù,授shòu以yǐ奸jiān计jì,畏wèi惮dàn天tiān威wēi,不bù敢gǎn显xiǎn谋móu,乃nǎi欲yù要yào君jūn胁xié上shàng,肆sì其qí诈zhà虐nüè,谋móu诛zhū良liáng辅fǔ,擅shàn相xiāng建jiàn立lì,将jiāng以yǐ倾qīng覆fù京jīng室shì,颠diān危wēi社shè稷jì。毓yù所suǒ正zhèng皆jiē如rú科kē律lǜ,报bào毓yù施shī行xíng。”诏zhào书shū:“齐qí长zhǎng公gōng主zhǔ,先xiān帝dì遗yí爱ài,原yuán其qí三sān子zi死sǐ命mìng。”于yú是shì丰fēng、玄xuán、缉jī、敦dūn、贤xián等děng皆jiē夷yí三sān族zú,其qí余yú亲qīn属shǔ徙xǐ乐lè浪làng郡jùn。玄xuán格gé量liàng弘hóng济jì,临lín斩zhǎn东dōng市shì,颜yán色sè不bù变biàn,举jǔ动dòng自zì若ruò。时shí年nián四sì十shí六liù。正zhèng元yuán中zhōng,绍shào功gōng臣chén世shì,封fēng尚shàng从cóng孙sūn本běn为wèi昌chāng陵líng亭tíng侯hóu,邑yì三sān百bǎi户hù,以yǐ奉fèng尚shàng后hòu。

初chū,中zhōng领lǐng军jūn高gāo阳yáng许xǔ允yǔn与yǔ丰fēng、玄xuán亲qīn善shàn。先xiān是shì有yǒu诈zhà作zuò尺chǐ一yī诏zhào书shū,以yǐ玄xuán为wèi大dà将jiāng军jūn,允yǔn为wèi太tài尉wèi,共gòng录lù尚shàng书shū事shì。有yǒu何hé人rén天tiān未wèi明míng乘chéng马mǎ以yǐ诏zhào版bǎn付fù允yǔn门mén吏lì,曰yuē“有yǒu诏zhào”因yīn便biàn驰chí走zǒu。允yǔn即jí投tóu书shū烧shāo之zhī。不bù以yǐ呈chéng司sī马mǎ景jǐng王wáng。后hòu丰fēng等děng事shì觉jué,徒tú允yǔn为wèi镇zhèn北běi将jiāng军jūn,假jiǎ节jié,督dū河hé北běi诸zhū军jūn事shì。未wèi发fā,以yǐ放fàng散sàn官guān物wù,收shōu付fù廷tíng尉wèi,徙xǐ乐lè浪làng,道dào死sǐ。

渭wèi河hé王wáng经jīng亦yì与yǔ允yǔn俱jù称chēng冀jì州zhōu名míng士shì。甘gān露lù中zhōng为wèi尚shàng书shū,坐zuò高gāo贵guì乡xiāng公gōng事shì诛zhū。始shǐ经jīng为wèi郡jùn守shǒu。经jīng母mǔ谓wèi经jīng曰yuē:“汝rǔ田tián家jiā子zi。今jīn仕shì至zhì二èr千qiān石shí,物wù太tài过guò不bù祥xiáng,可kě以yǐ止zhǐ矣yǐ。”经jīng不bù能néng从cóng,历lì二èr州zhōu刺cì史shǐ,司sī隶lì校xiào尉wèi,终zhōng以yǐ致zhì败bài。允yǔn友yǒu人rén同tóng郡jùn崔cuī赞zàn,亦yì尝cháng以yǐ处chǔ世shì太tài盛shèng戒jiè允yǔn云yún。

评píng曰yuē:夏xià侯hóu、曹cáo氏shì,世shì为wèi婚hūn姻yīn。故gù惇dūn、渊yuān、仁rén、洪hóng、休xiū、尚shàng、真zhēn等děng并bìng以yǐ亲qīn旧jiù肺fèi腑fǔ,贵guì重zhòng于yú时shí,左zuǒ右yòu勋xūn业yè,咸xián有yǒu效xiào劳láo。爽shuǎng德dé薄báo位wèi尊zūn,沈shěn溺nì盈yíng溢yì,此cǐ固gù《伏fú易yì》所suǒ著zhù,道dào家jiā所suǒ忌jì也yě。玄xuán以yǐ规guī格gé局jú度dù,世shì称chēng其qí名míng,然rán与yǔ曹cáo爽shuǎng中zhōng外wài缱qiǎn绻quǎn;荣róng位wèi如rú斯sī,曾céng未wèi闻wén匡kuāng弼bì其qí非fēi,援yuán致zhì良liáng才cái。举jǔ兹zī以yǐ论lùn,焉yān能néng免miǎn之zhī。

魏wèi书shū十shí 荀xún彧yù荀xún攸yōu贾jiǎ诩xǔ传chuán第dì十shí

荀xún彧yù字zì文wén若ruò,颖yǐng川chuān颖yǐng阴yīn人rén也yě。祖zǔ父fù淑shū,字zì季jì和hé,朗lǎng陵líng令lìng。当dāng汉hàn顺shùn、桓huán之zhī间jiān,知zhī名míng当dāng世shì。有yǒu子zi八bā人rén,号hào曰yuē八bā龙lóng。彧yù父fù绲gǔn,济jǐ南nán相xiāng。叔shū父fù爽shuǎng,司sī空kōng。

彧yù年nián少shào时shí,南nán阳yáng何hé颙yóng异yì之zhī,曰yuē:“王wáng佐zuǒ才cái也yě。”永yǒng汉hàn元yuán年nián,举jǔ孝xiào廉lián,拜bài守shǒu宫gōng令lìng。董dǒng卓zhuó之zhī乱luàn,求qiú出chū补bǔ吏lì。除chú亢kàng父fù令lìng,遂suì弃qì官guān归guī,谓wèi父fù老lǎo曰yuē:“颖yǐng川chuān,四sì战zhàn之zhī地dì也yě,天tiān下xià有yǒu变biàn,常cháng为wèi兵bīng冲chōng,宜yí亟jí去qù之zhī,无wú久jiǔ留liú。”乡xiāng人rén多duō怀huái土tǔ犹yóu豫yù,会huì冀jì州zhōu牧mù同tóng郡jùn韩hán馥fù遣qiǎn骑qí迎yíng之zhī,莫mò有yǒu随suí者zhě,彧yù独dú将jiāng宗zōng族zú至zhì冀jì州zhōu。而ér袁yuán绍shào已yǐ夺duó馥fù位wèi,待dài彧yù以yǐ上shàng宾bīn之zhī礼lǐ。彧yù弟dì谌chén及jí同tóng郡jùn辛xīn评píng、郭guō图tú,皆jiē为wèi绍shào所suǒ任rèn。或huò度dù绍shào终zhōng不bù能néng成chéng大dà事shì,时shí太tài祖zǔ为wèi奋fèn武wǔ将jiàng军jūn,在zài东dōng郡jùn,初chū平píng二èr年nián,彧yù去qù绍shào从cóng太tài祖zǔ。太tài祖zǔ大dà悦yuè曰yuē:“吾wú之zhī子zi房fáng也yě。”以yǐ为wéi司sī马mǎ,时shí年nián二èr十shí九jiǔ。是shì时shí,董dǒng卓zhuó威wēi陵líng天tiān下xià,太tài祖zǔ以yǐ问wèn彧yù,彧yù曰yuē:“卓zhuó暴bào虐nüè已yǐ甚shèn,必bì以yǐ乱luàn终zhōng,无wú能néng为wèi也yě”。卓zhuó遣qiǎn李lǐ傕jué等děng出chū关guān东dōng,所suǒ过guò虏lǔ略lüè,至zhì颖yǐng川chuān、陈chén留liú而ér还hái。乡xiāng人rén留liú者zhě多duō见jiàn杀shā略lüè。明míng年nián,太tài祖zǔ领lǐng兖yǎn州zhōu牧mù,后hòu为wèi镇zhèn东dōng将jiāng军jūn,彧yù常cháng以yǐ司sī马mǎ从cóng。兴xīng平píng元yuán年nián,太tài祖zǔ征zhēng陶táo谦qiān,任rèn彧yù留liú事shì。会huì张zhāng邈miǎo、陈chén宫gōng以yǐ兖yǎn州zhōu反fǎn,潜qián迎yíng吕lǚ布bù。布bù既jì至zhì,翅chì乃nǎi使shǐ刘liú翊yì告gào彧yù曰yuē:“吕lǚ将jiāng军jūn来lái助zhù曹cáo使shǐ君jūn击jī陶táo谦qiān,宜yí亟jí供gōng其qí军jūn食shí。”众zhòng疑yí惑huò。或huò知zhī邈miǎo为wèi乱luàn,即jí勒lēi兵bīng设shè备bèi,驰chí召zhào东dōng郡jùn太tài守shǒu夏xià侯hóu惇dūn,而ér兖yǎn州zhōu诸zhū城chéng皆jiē应yīng布bù矣yǐ。时shí太tài祖zǔ悉xī军jūn攻gōng谦qiān,留liú守shǒu兵bīng少shǎo,而ér督dū将jiāng大dà吏lì多duō与yǔ邈miǎo、宫gōng通tōng谋móu。惇dūn至zhì,其qí夜yè诛zhū谋móu叛pàn者zhě数shù十shí人rén,众zhòng乃nǎi定dìng。豫yù州zhōu刺cì史shǐ郭guō贡gòng帅shuài众zhòng数shù万wàn来lái至zhì城chéng下xià,或huò言yán与yǔ吕lǚ布bù同tóng谋móu,众zhòng甚shèn惧jù。贡gòng求qiú见jiàn彧yù,彧yù将jiāng往wǎng。惇dūn等děng曰yuē:“君jūn,一yī州zhōu镇zhèn也yě,往wǎng必bì危wēi,不bù可kě。”彧yù曰yuē:“贡gòng与yǔ邈miǎo等děng,分fēn非fēi素sù结jié也yě,今jīn来lái速sù,计jì必bì未wèi定dìng;及jí其qí未wèi定dìng说shuō之zhī,纵zòng不bù为wèi用yòng,可kě使shǐ中zhōng立lì,若ruò先xiān疑yí之zhī,彼bǐ将jiāng怒nù而ér成chéng计jì。”贡gòng见jiàn彧yù无wú惧jù意yì,谓wèi鄄juàn城chéng未wèi易yì攻gōng,遂suì引yǐn兵bīng去qù。又yòu与yǔ程chéng昱yù计jì,使shǐ说shuō范fàn、东dōng阿ē,卒zú全quán三sān城chéng,以yǐ待dài太tài祖zǔ。太tài祖zǔ自zì徐xú州zhōu还huán击jī布bù濮pú阳yáng,布bù东dōng走zǒu。二èr年nián夏xià,太tài祖zǔ军jūn乘chéng氏shì,大dà饥jī,人rén相xiāng食shí。

陶táo谦qiān死sǐ,太tài祖zǔ欲yù遂suì取qǔ徐xú州zhōu,还hái乃nǎi定dìng布bù。彧yù曰yuē:“昔xī高gāo祖zǔ保bǎo关guān中zhōng,光guāng武wǔ据jù河hé内nèi,皆jiē深shēn根gēn固gù本běn以yǐ制zhì天tiān下xià,进jìn足zú以yǐ胜shèng敌dí,退tuì足zú以yǐ坚jiān守shǒu,故gù虽suī有yǒu困kùn败bài而ér终zhōng济jì大dà业yè。将jiāng军jūn本běn以yǐ兖yǎn州zhōu首shǒu事shì,平píng山shān东dōng之zhī难nán,百bǎi姓xìng无wú不bù归guī心xīn悦yuè服fú。且qiě河hé、济jì,天tiān下xià之zhī要yào地dì也yě,今jīn虽suī残cán坏huài,犹yóu易yì以yǐ自zì保bǎo,是shì亦yì将jiāng军jūn之zhī关guān中zhōng、河hé内nèi也yě,不bù可kě以yǐ不bù先xiān定dìng。今jīn以yǐ破pò李lǐ封fēng、薛xuē兰lán,若ruò分fēn兵bīng东dōng击jī陈chén宫gōng,宫gōng必bì不bù敢gǎn西xī顾gù,以yǐ其qí闲xián勒lēi兵bīng收shōu熟shú麦mài,约yuē食shí畜chù谷gǔ,一yī举jǔ而ér布bù可kě破pò也yě。破pò布bù,然rán后hòu南nán结jié扬yáng州zhōu,共gòng讨tǎo袁yuán术shù,以yǐ临lín淮huái、泗sì。若ruò舍shě布bù而ér东dōng,多duō留liú兵bīng则zé不bù足zú用yòng,少shǎo留liú兵bīng则zé民mín皆jiē保bǎo城chéng,不bù得dé樵qiáo采cǎi。布bù乘chéng虚xū寇kòu暴bào,民mín心xīn益yì危wēi,唯wéi鄄juàn城chéng、范fàn、卫wèi可kě全quán,其qí余yú非fēi己jǐ之zhī有yǒu,是shì无wú兖yǎn州zhōu也yě。若ruò徐xú州zhōu不bù定dìng,将jiāng军jūn当dāng安ān所suǒ归guī乎hū?且qiě陶táo谦qiān虽suī死sǐ,徐xú州zhōu未wèi易yì亡wáng也yě。彼bǐ惩chéng往wǎng年nián之zhī败bài,将jiāng惧jù而ér结jié亲qīn,相xiāng为wèi表biǎo里lǐ。今jīn东dōng方fāng皆jiē以yǐ收shōu麦mài,必bì坚jiān壁bì清qīng野yě以yǐ待dài将jiāng军jūn。将jiāng军jūn攻gōng之zhī不bù拔bá,略lüè之zhī无wú获huò,不bù出chū十shí日rì,则zé十shí万wàn之zhī众zhòng未wèi战zhàn而ér自zì困kùn耳ěr。前qián讨tǎo徐xú州zhōu,威wēi罚fá实shí行xíng,其qí子zǐ弟dì念niàn父fù兄xiōng之zhī耻chǐ,必bì人rén自zì为wèi守shǒu,无wú降jiàng心xīn,就jiù能néng破pò之zhī,尚shàng不bù可kě有yǒu也yě。夫fū事shì固gù有yǒu弃qì此cǐ取qǔ彼bǐ者zhě,以yǐ大dà易yì小xiǎo可kě也yě,以yǐ安ān易yì危wēi可kě也yě,权quán一yī时shí之zhī势shì,不bù患huàn本běn之zhī不bù固gù可kě也yě。今jīn三sān者zhě莫mò利lì,愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn熟shú虑lǜ之zhī。”太tài祖zǔ乃nǎi止zhǐ。大dà收shōu麦mài,复fù与yǔ布bù战zhàn,分fēn兵bīng平píng诸zhū县xiàn。布bù败bài走zǒu,兖yǎn州zhōu遂suì平píng。

建jiàn安ān元yuán年nián,太tài祖zǔ击jī破pò黄huáng巾jīn。汉hàn献xiàn帝dì自zì河hé东dōng还hái洛luò阳yáng。太tài祖zǔ议yì奉fèng迎yíng都dōu许xǔ,或huò以yǐ山shān东dōng未wèi平píng,韩hán逼bī、杨yáng奉fèng新xīn将jiāng天tiān子zi到dào洛luò阳yáng,北běi连lián张zhāng杨yáng,未wèi可kě卒zú制zhì。彧yù劝quàn太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“昔xī??高gāo祖zǔ东dōng伐fá为wèi义yì帝dì缟gǎo素sù而ér天tiān下xià归guī心xīn。自zì天tiān子zi播bō越yuè,将jiāng军jūn首shǒu唱chàng义yì兵bīng,徒tú以yǐ山shān东dōng扰rǎo乱luàn,未wèi能néng远yuǎn赴fù关guān右yòu,然rán犹yóu分fēn遣qiǎn将jiàng帅shuài,蒙méng险xiǎn通tōng使shǐ,虽suī御yù难nán于yú外wài,乃nǎi心xīn无wú不bù在zài王wáng室shì,是shì将jiāng军jūn医yī天tiān下xià之zhī素sù志zhì也yě。今jīn车chē驾jià旋xuán轸zhěn,??义yì士shì有yǒu存cún本běn之zhī思sī,百bǎi姓xìng感gǎn旧jiù而ér增zēng哀āi。诚chéng因yīn此cǐ时shí,奉fèng主zhǔ上shàng以yǐ从cóng民mín望wàng,大dà顺shùn也yě;秉bǐng至zhì公gōng以yǐ服fú雄xióng杰jié,大dà略lüè也yě;扶fú弘hóng义yì以yǐ致zhì英yīng俊jùn,大dà德dé也yě。天tiān下xià虽suī有yǒu逆nì节jié,必bì不bù能néng为wèi累lèi,明míng矣yǐ。韩hán暹xiān、杨yáng奉fèng其qí敢gǎn为wéi害hài!若ruò不bù时shí定dìng,四sì方fāng生shēng心xīn,后hòu虽suī虑lǜ之zhī,无wú及jí。”太tài祖zǔ遂suì至zhì洛luò阳yáng,奉fèng迎yíng天tiān子zi都dōu许xǔ。天tiān子zi拜bài太tài祖zǔ大dà将jiāng军jūn,进jìn彧yù为wèi汉hàn侍shì中zhōng,守shǒu尚shàng书shū令lìng。常cháng居jū中zhōng持chí重zhòng,太tài祖zǔ虽suī征zhēng伐fá在zài外wài,军jūn国guó事shì皆jiē与yǔ彧yù筹chóu焉yān。太tài祖zǔ问wèn彧yù:“谁shuí能néng代dài卿qīng为wèi我wǒ谋móu者zhě?”彧yù言yán“荀xún攸yōu、钟zhōng繇yáo”。先xiān是shì,彧yù言yán策cè谋móu士shì,进jìn戏xì志zhì才cái。志zhì才cái卒zú,又yòu进jìn郭guō嘉jiā。太tài祖zǔ以yǐ彧yù为wèi知zhī人rén,诸zhū所suǒ进jìn达dá皆jiē称chèn职zhí,唯wéi严yán象xiàng为wèi扬yáng州zhōu,韦wéi康kāng为wèi凉liáng州zhōu,后hòu败bài亡wáng。

自zì太tài祖zǔ之zhī迎yíng天tiān子zi也yě,袁yuán绍shào内nèi怀huái不bù服fú。绍shào既jì并bìng河hé朔shuò,天tiān下xià畏wèi其qí强qiáng。太tài祖zǔ方fāng东dōng忧yōu吕lǚ布bù,南nán拒jù张zhāng绣xiù,而ér绣xiù败bài太tài祖zǔ军jūn于yú宛wǎn。绍shào益yì骄jiāo,与yǔ太tài祖zǔ书shū,其qí辞cí悖bèi慢màn。太tài祖zǔ大dà怒nù,出chū入rù动dòng静jìng变biàn于yú常cháng,众zhòng皆jiē谓wèi以yǐ失shī利lì于yú张zhāng绣xiù故gù也yě。钟zhōng繇yáo以yǐ问wèn彧yù,彧yù曰yuē:“公gōng之zhī聪cōng明míng,必bì不bù追zhuī咎jiù往wǎng事shì,殆dài有yǒu他tā虑lǜ。”则zé见jiàn太tài祖zǔ问wèn之zhī,太tài祖zǔ乃nǎi以yǐ绍shào书shū示shì彧yù,曰yuē:“今jīn将jiāng讨tǎo不bú义yì,而ér力lì不bù敌dí,何hé如rú?”彧yù曰yuē:“古gǔ之zhī成chéng败bài者zhě,诚chéng有yǒu其qí才cái,虽suī弱ruò必bì强qiáng,苟gǒu非fēi其qí人rén,虽suī强qiáng易yì弱ruò,刘liú、项xiàng之zhī存cún亡wáng,足zú以yǐ观guān矣yǐ。今jīn与yǔ公gōng争zhēng天tiān下xià者zhě,唯wéi袁yuán绍shào尔ěr。绍shào貌mào外wài宽kuān而ér内nèi忌jì,任rèn人rén而ér疑yí其qí心xīn,公gōng明míng达dá不bù拘jū,唯wéi才cái所suǒ宜yí,此cǐ度dù胜shèng也yě。绍shào迟chí重zhòng少shǎo决jué,失shī在zài后hòu机jī,公gōng能néng断duàn大dà事shì,应yìng变biàn无wú方fāng,此cǐ谋móu胜shèng也yě。绍shào御yù军jūn宽kuān缓huǎn,法fǎ令lìng不bù立lì,土tǔ卒zú虽suī众zhòng,其qí实shí难nán用yòng,公gōng法fǎ令lìng既jì明míng,赏shǎng罚fá必bì行xíng,士shì卒zú虽suī寡guǎ,皆jiē争zhēng致zhì死sǐ,此cǐ武wǔ胜shèng也yě。绍shào凭píng世shì资zī,从cóng容róng饰shì智zhì,以yǐ收shōu名míng誉yù,故gù士shì之zhī寡guǎ能néng好hǎo问wèn者zhě多duō归guī之zhī,公gōng以yǐ至zhì仁rén待dài人rén,推tuī诚chéng心xīn不bù为wèi虚xū美měi,行xíng己jǐ谨jǐn俭jiǎn,而ér与yǔ有yǒu功gōng者zhě无wú所suǒ吝lìn惜xī,故gù天tiān下xià忠zhōng正zhèng效xiào实shí之zhī士shì咸xián愿yuàn为wèi用yòng,此cǐ德dé胜shèng也yě。夫fū以yǐ四sì胜shèng辅fǔ天tiān子zi,扶fú义yì征zhēng伐fá,谁shuí敢gǎn不bù从cóng?绍shào之zhī强qiáng其qí何hé能néng为wèi!”太tài祖zǔ悦yuè。彧yù曰yuē:“不bù先xiān取qǔ吕lǚ布bù,河hé北běi亦yì未wèi易yì图tú也yě。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“然rán。吾wú所suǒ惑huò者zhě,又yòu恐kǒng绍shào侵qīn扰rǎo关guān中zhōng,乱luàn羌qiāng、胡hú,南nán诱yòu蜀shǔ汉hàn,是shì我wǒ独dú以yǐ兖yǎn、豫yù抗kàng天tiān下xià六liù分fēn之zhī五wǔ也yě。为wèi将jiāng奈nài何hé?”彧yù曰yuē:“关guān中zhōng将jiàng帅shuài以yǐ十shí数shù,莫mò能néng相xiāng一yī,唯wéi韩hán遂suì、马mǎ超chāo最zuì强qiáng。彼bǐ见jiàn山shān东dōng方fāng争zhēng,必bì各gè拥yōng众zhòng自zì保bǎo。今jīn若ruò抚fǔ以yǐ恩ēn德dé,遣qiǎn使shǐ连lián和hé,相xiāng持chí虽suī不bù能néng久jiǔ安ān,比bǐ公gōng安ān定dìng山shān东dōng,足zú以yǐ不bù动dòng。钟zhōng繇yáo可kě属shǔ以yǐ西xī事shì。则zé公gōng无wú忧yōu矣yǐ。”

三sān年nián,太tài祖zǔ既jì破pò张zhāng绣xiù,东dōng擒qín吕lǚ布bù,定dìng徐xú州zhōu,遂suì与yǔ袁yuán绍shào相xiāng拒jù。孔kǒng融róng谓wèi彧yù曰yuē:“绍shào地dì广guǎng兵bīng强qiáng;田tián丰fēng、许xǔ攸yōu,智zhì计jì之zhī士shì也yě,为wèi之zhī谋móu;审shěn配pèi、逢féng纪jì,尽jìn忠zhōng之zhī臣chén也yě,任rèn其qí事shì;颜yán良liáng、文wén丑chǒu,勇yǒng冠guàn三sān军jūn,统tǒng其qí兵bīng:殆dài难nán克kè乎hū!”彧yù曰yuē:“绍shào兵bīng虽suī多duō而ér法fǎ不bù整zhěng。田tián丰fēng刚gāng而ér犯fàn上shàng,许xǔ攸yōu贪tān而ér不bù治zhì。审shěn配pèi专zhuān而ér无wú谋móu,逢féng纪jì果guǒ而ér自zì用yòng,此cǐ二èr人rén留liú知zhī后hòu事shì,若ruò攸yōu家jiā犯fàn其qí法fǎ,必bì不bù能néng纵zòng也yě,不bù纵zòng,攸yōu必bì为wèi变biàn。颜yán良liáng、文wén丑chǒu,一yī夫fū之zhī勇yǒng耳ěr,可kě一yī战zhàn而ér禽qín也yě。”五wǔ年nián,与yǔ绍shào连lián战zhàn。太tài祖zǔ保bǎo官guān渡dù,绍shào围wéi之zhī。太tài祖zǔ军jūn粮liáng方fāng尽jǐn,书shū与yǔ彧yù,仪yí欲yù还hái许xǔ以yǐ引yǐn绍shào。彧yù曰yuē:“今jīn军jūn食shí虽suī少shǎo,未wèi若ruò楚chǔ、汉hàn在zài?荧yíng?阳yáng、成chéng皋gāo间jiān也yě。是shì时shí刘liú、项xiàng莫mò肯kěn先xiān退tuì,先xiān退tuì者zhě势shì屈qū也yě。公gōng以yǐ十shí分fēn居jū一yī之zhī众zhòng,画huà地dì而ér守shǒu之zhī,扼è其qí喉hóu而ér不bù得dé进jìn,已yǐ半bàn年nián矣yǐ。情qíng见jiàn势shì竭jié,必bì将jiāng有yǒu变biàn,此cǐ用yòng奇qí之zhī时shí,不bù可kě失shī也yě。”太tài祖zǔ乃nǎi住zhù。遂suì以yǐ奇qí兵bīng袭xí绍shào别bié屯tún,斩zhǎn其qí将jiāng淳chún于yú琼qióng等děng,绍shào退tuì走zǒu。审shěn配pèi以yǐ许xǔ攸yōu家jiā不bù法fǎ,收shōu其qí妻qī子zǐ,攸yōu怒nù叛pàn绍shào;颜yán良liáng、文wén丑chǒu临lín阵zhèn授shòu首shǒu;田tián丰fēng以yǐ谏jiàn见jiàn诛zhū:皆jiē如rú彧yù所suǒ策cè。

六liù年nián,太tài祖zǔ就jiù谷gǔ东dōng平píng之zhī安ān民mín,粮liáng少shǎo,不bù足zú与yǔ河hé北běi相xiāng支zhī,欲yù因yīn绍shào新xīn破pò,以yǐ其qí间jiān击jī讨tǎo刘liú表biǎo。彧yù曰yuē:“今jīn绍shào败bài,其qí众zhòng离lí心xīn,宜yí乘chéng其qí困kùn,遂suì定dìng之zhī;而ér背bèi?克kè?、豫yù,远yuǎn师shī江jiāng、汉hàn,若ruò绍shào收shōu其qí余yú烬jìn,承chéng虚xū以yǐ出chū人rén后hòu,则zé公gōng事shì去qù矣yǐ。”太tài祖zǔ复fù次cì于yú河hé上shàng。绍shào病bìng死sǐ。太tài祖zǔ渡dù河hé,击jī绍shào子zi谭tán、尚shàng,而ér高gāo干gàn、郭guō援yuán侵qīn略lüè河hé东dōng,关guān右yòu震zhèn动dòng,钟zhōng繇yáo帅shuài马mǎ腾téng等děng击jī破pò之zhī。语yǔ在zài《繇yáo传chuán》。八bā年nián,太tài祖zǔ录lù彧yù前qián后hòu功gōng,表biǎo封fēng彧yù为wèi万wàn岁suì亭tíng侯hóu。九jiǔ年nián,太tài祖zǔ拔bá邺yè,领lǐng冀jì州zhōu牧mù。彧yù说shuō太tài祖zǔ“宜yí复fù古gǔ置zhì九jiǔ州zhōu,则zé冀jì州zhōu所suǒ制zhì者zhě广guǎng大dà,天tiān下xià服fú矣yǐ。”太tài祖zǔ将jiāng从cóng之zhī,彧yù言yán曰yuē:“若ruò是shì,则zé冀jì州zhōu当dāng得dé河hé东dōng、冯féng翊yì、扶fú风fēng、西xī河hé、幽yōu、并bìng之zhī地dì,所suǒ夺duó者zhě众zhòng。前qián日rì公gōng破pò袁yuán尚shàng,擒qín审shěn配pèi,海hǎi内nèi震zhèn骇hài。必bì人rén人rén自zì恐kǒng不bù得dé保bǎo其qí土tǔ地dì,守shǒu其qí兵bīng众zhòng也yě;今jīn使shǐ分fēn属shǔ冀jì州zhōu,将jiāng皆jiē动dòng心xīn。且qiě人rén多duō说shuō关guān右yòu诸zhū将jiāng以yǐ闭bì关guān之zhī计jì;今jīn闻wén此cǐ,以yǐ为wéi必bì以yǐ次cì见jiàn夺duó。—旦dàn生shēng变biàn,虽suī有yǒu(善shàn守shǒu)[守shǒu善shàn]者zhě,转zhuǎn相xiāng胁xié为wèi非fēi,则zé袁yuán尚shàng得dé宽kuān其qí死sǐ,而ér袁yuán谭tán怀huái贰èr,刘liú表biǎo遂suì保bǎo江jiāng、汉hàn之zhī间jiān,天tiān下xià未wèi易yì图tú也yě。愿yuàn公gōng急jí引yǐn兵bīng先xiān定dìng河hé北běi,然rán后hòu修xiū复fù旧jiù京jīng,南nán临lín荆jīng州zhōu,责zé贡gòng之zhī不bù入rù,则zé天tiān下xià咸xián知zhī公gōng意yì,人rén人rén自zì安ān。天tiān下xià大dà定dìng,乃nǎi议yì古gǔ制zhì,此cǐ社shè稷jì长cháng久jiǔ之zhī利lì也yě。”太tài祖zǔ遂suì寝qǐn九jiǔ州zhōu议yì。

是shì时shí荀xún攸yōu常cháng为wèi谋móu主zhǔ。彧yù兄xiōng衍yǎn以yǐ监jiān军jūn校xiào尉wèi守shǒu邺yè,都dū督dū河hé北běi事shì。太tài祖zǔ之zhī征zhēng袁yuán尚shàng也yě,高gāo干gàn密mì遣qiǎn兵bīng谋móu袭xí邺yè,衍yǎn逆nì觉jué,尽jǐn诛zhū之zhī,以yǐ功gōng封fēng列liè侯hóu。太tài祖zǔ以yǐ女nǚ妻qī彧yù长zhǎng子zǐ恽yùn,后hòu称chēng安ān阳yáng公gōng主zhǔ。彧yù及jí攸yōu并bìng贵guì重zhòng,皆jiē谦qiān?冲chōng?节jié俭jiǎn,禄lù赐cì散sàn之zhī宗zōng族zú知zhī旧jiù,家jiā无wú余yú财cái。十shí二èr年nián,复fù增zēng彧yù邑yì千qiān户hù,合hé二èr千qiān户hù。

太tài祖zǔ将jiāng伐fá刘liú表biǎo,问wèn彧yù策cè安ān出chū,彧yù曰yuē:今jīn华huá夏xià己jǐ平píng,南nán土tǔ知zhī困kùn矣yǐ。可kě显xiǎn出chū宛wǎn、叶yè而ér间jiān行xíng轻qīng进jìn,以yǐ掩yǎn其qí不bù意yì。”太tài祖zǔ遂suì行xíng。会huì表biǎo病bìng死sǐ,太tài祖zǔ直zhí趋qū宛wǎn、叶yè如rú彧yù计jì,表biǎo子zi琮cóng以yǐ州zhōu逆nì降jiàng。

十shí七qī年nián,董dǒng昭zhāo等děng谓wèi太tài祖zǔ宜yí进jìn爵jué国guó公gōng,九jiǔ锡xī备bèi物wù,以yǐ彰zhāng殊shū勋xūn,密mì以yǐ咨zī彧yù。彧yù以yǐ为wéi太tài祖zǔ本běn兴xīng义yì兵bīng以yǐ匡kuāng朝cháo宁níng国guó,秉bǐng忠zhōng贞zhēn之zhī诚chéng,守shǒu退tuì让ràng之zhī实shí;君jūn子zǐ爱ài人rén以yǐ德dé,不bù宜yí如rú此cǐ。太tài祖zǔ由yóu是shì心xīn不bù能néng平píng。会huì征zhēng孙sūn权quán,表biǎo请qǐng彧yù劳láo军jūn于yú谯qiáo,因yīn辄zhé留liú彧yù,以yǐ恃shì中zhōng光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū持chí节jié,参cān丞chéng相xiàng军jūn事shì。太tài祖zǔ军jūn至zhì濡rú须xū,彧yù疾jí留liú寿shòu春chūn,以yǐ忧yōu薨hōng,时shí年nián五wǔ十shí。谥shì曰yuē敬jìng侯hóu。明míng年nián,太tài祖zǔ遂suì为wèi魏wèi公gōng矣yǐ。

子zi恽yùn,嗣sì侯hóu,官guān至zhì虎hǔ贲bēn中zhōng郎láng将jiāng。初chū,文wén帝dì与yǔ平píng原yuán侯hóu植zhí并bìng有yǒu拟nǐ论lùn,文wén帝dì曲qū礼lǐ事shì彧yù。及jí彧yù卒zú,恽yùn又yòu与yǔ植zhí善shàn,而ér与yǔ夏xià侯hóu尚shàng不bù穆mù,文wén帝dì深shēn恨hèn恽yùn。恽yùn早zǎo卒zú,子zi甝hán、霬yì。以yǐ外wài甥shēng故gù犹yóu宠chǒng待dài。恽yùn弟dì俣yǔ,御yù史shǐ中zhōng丞chéng,俣yǔ弟dì诜shēn,大dà将jiāng军jūn从cóng事shì中zhōng郎láng,皆jiē知zhī名míng,早zǎo卒zú。诜shēn弟dì顗yǐ,咸xián熙xī中zhōng为wèi司sī空kōng。恽yùn子zi甝hán,嗣sì为wèi散sàn骑qí常cháng侍shì,进jìn爵jué广guǎng阳yáng乡xiāng侯hóu,年nián三sān十shí薨hōng。子zi頵yūn嗣sì。霬yì官guān至zhì中zhōng领lǐng军jūn,薨hōng,谥shì曰yuē贞zhēn侯hóu,追zhuī赠zèng骠piào骑qí将jiāng军jūn。子zi恺kǎi嗣sì。霬yì妻qī,司sī马mǎ景jǐng王wáng、文wén王wáng之zhī妹mèi也yě,二èr王wáng皆jiē与yǔ亲qīn善shàn。咸xián熙xī中zhōng,开kāi建jiàn五wǔ等děng,霬yì以yǐ著zhù勋xūn前qián朝cháo,改gǎi封fēng恺kǎi南nán顿dùn子zi。

荀xún攸yōu字zì公gōng达dá,彧yù从cóng子zi也yě。祖zǔ父fù昙tán,广guǎng陵líng太tài守shǒu。攸yōu少shǎo孤gū。及jí昙tán卒zú,故gù吏lì张zhāng权quán求qiú守shǒu昙tán墓mù。攸yōu年nián十shí三sān,疑yí之zhī,谓wèi叔shū父fù衢qú曰yuē:“此cǐ吏lì有yǒu非fēi常cháng之zhī色sè,殆dài将jiāng有yǒu?奸jiān?!”衢qú寐mèi,乃nǎi推tuī问wèn,果guǒ杀shā人rén亡wáng命mìng。由yóu是shì异yì之zhī。何hé进jìn秉bǐng政zhèng,征zhēng海hǎi内nèi名míng士shì攸yōu等děng二èr十shí余yú人rén。攸yōu到dào,拜bài黄huáng门mén侍shì郎láng。董dǒng卓zhuó之zhī乱luàn,关guān东dōng兵bīng起qǐ,卓zhuó徙xǐ都dōu长cháng安ān。攸yōu与yǔ议yì郎láng郑zhèng泰tài、何hé颙yóng、侍shì中zhōng种zhǒng辑jí、越yuè骑qí校xiào尉wèi伍wǔ琼qióng等děng谋móu曰yuē:“董dǒng卓zhuó无wú道dào,甚shén于yú桀jié纣zhòu,天tiān下xià皆jiē怨yuàn之zhī,虽suī资zī强qiáng兵bīng,实shí一yì匹pǐ夫fū耳ěr。今jīn直zhí刺cì杀shā之zhī以yǐ谢xiè百bǎi姓xìng,然rán后hòu据jù殽xiáo、函hán,辅fǔ王wáng命mìng,以yǐ号hào令lìng天tiān下xià,此cǐ桓huán文wén之zhī举jǔ也yě。”事shì垂chuí就jiù而ér觉jué,收shōu颙yóng、攸yōu系xì狱yù,颙yóng忧yōu惧jù自zì杀shā。攸yōu言yán语yǔ饮yǐn食shí自zì若ruò,会huì卓zhuó死sǐ得dé免miǎn。弃qì官guān归guī,复fù辟bì公gōng府fǔ,举jǔ高gāo第dì,还hái任rèn城chéng相xiāng,不bù行xíng。攸yōu以yǐ蜀shǔ汉hàn险xiǎn固gù,人rén民mín殷yīn盛shèng,乃nǎi求qiú为wèi蜀shǔ郡jùn太tài守shǒu,道dào绝jué不bù得dé至zhì,驻zhù荆jīng州zhōu。

太tài祖zǔ迎yíng天tiān子zi都dōu许xǔ,遗yí攸yōu书shū曰yuē:“方fāng今jīn天tiān下xià大dà乱luàn,智zhì士shì劳láo心xīn之zhī时shí也yě,而ér顾gù观guān变biàn蜀shǔ汉hàn,不bù已yǐ久jiǔ乎hū!”于yú是shì征zhēng攸yōu为wèi汝rǔ南nán太tài守shǒu,人rén为wéi尚shàng书shū。太tài祖zǔ素sù闻wén攸yōu名míng,与yǔ语yǔ大dà悦yuè,谓wèi荀xún彧yù、钟zhōng繇yáo曰yuē:“公gōng达dá,非fēi常cháng人rén也yě,吾wú得dé与yǔ之zhī计jì事shì,天tiān下xià当dāng何hé忧yōu哉zāi!”以yǐ为wéi军jūn师shī。建jiàn安ān三sān年nián,从cóng征zhēng张zhāng绣xiù。攸yōu言yán于yú太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“绣xiù与yǔ刘liú表biǎo相xiāng恃shì为wèi强qiáng,然rán绣xiù以yǐ游yóu军jūn仰yǎng食shí于yú表biǎo,表biǎo不bù能néng供gōng也yě,势shì必bì离lí。不bù如rú缓huǎn军jūn以yǐ待dài之zhī,可kě诱yòu而ér致zhì也yě;若ruò急jí之zhī,其qí势shì必bì相xiāng救jiù。”太tài祖zǔ不bù从cóng,遂suì进jìn军jūn之zhī穰ráng,与yǔ战zhàn。绣xiù急jí,表biǎo果guǒ救jiù之zhī。军jūn不bù利lì。太tài祖zǔ谓wèi攸yōu曰yuē:“不bù用yòng君jūn言yán至zhì是shì。”乃nǎi设shè奇qí兵bīng复fù战zhàn,大dà破pò之zhī。

是shì岁suì,太tài祖zǔ自zì宛wǎn征zhēng吕lǚ布bù,至zhì下xià邳pī,布bù败bài退tuì固gù守shǒu,攻gōng之zhī不bù拔bá,连lián战zhàn,士shì卒zú疲pí,太tài祖zǔ欲yù还hái。攸yōu与yǔ郭guō嘉jiā说shuō曰yuē:“吕lǚ布bù勇yǒng而ér无wú谋móu,今jīn三sān战zhàn皆jiē北běi,其qí锐ruì气qì衰shuāi矣yǐ。三sān军jūn以yǐ将jiāng为wéi主zhǔ,主zhǔ衰shuāi则zé军jūn无wú奋fèn意yì。夫fū陈chén宫gōng有yǒu智zhì而ér迟chí,今jīn及jí布bù气qì之zhī未wèi复fù,宫gōng谋móu之zhī未wèi定dìng,进jìn急jí攻gōng之zhī,布bù可kě拔bá也yě。”乃nǎi引yǐn沂yí、泗sì灌guàn城chéng,城chéng溃kuì,生shēng擒qín布bù。

后hòu从cóng救jiù刘liú延yán于yú白bái马mǎ,攸yōu画huà策cè斩zhǎn颜yán良liáng。语yǔ在zài《武wǔ纪jì》。太tài祖zǔ拔bá白bái马mǎ还hái,遣qiǎn辎zī重zhòng循xún河hé而ér西xī。袁yuán绍shào渡dù河hé追zhuī,卒zú与yǔ太tài祖zǔ遇yù。诸zhū将jiāng皆jiē恐kǒng,说shuō太tài祖zǔ还hái保bǎo营yíng,攸yōu曰yuē:“此cǐ所suǒ以yǐ禽qín敌dí,奈nài何hé去qù之zhī!”太tài祖zǔ目mù攸yōu而ér笑xiào。遂suì以yǐ辎zī重zhòng饵ěr贼zéi,贼zéi竞jìng奔bēn之zhī,阵zhèn乱luàn。乃nǎi纵zòng步bù骑qí击jī,大dà破pò之zhī,斩zhǎn其qí骑qí将jiāng文wén丑chǒu,太tài祖zǔ遂suì与yǔ绍shào相xiāng拒jù于yú官guān渡dù。军jūn食shí方fāng尽jǐn,攸yōu言yán于yú太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“绍shào运yùn车chē旦dàn暮mù至zhì,其qí将jiāng韩hán(荀xún+大dà)锐ruì而ér轻qīng敌dí,击jī可kě破pò也yě。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“谁shuí可kě使shǐ?”攸yōu曰yuē:“徐xú晃huǎng可kě。”乃nǎi遣qiǎn晃huǎng及jí史shǐ涣huàn邀yāo击jī破pò走zǒu之zhī,烧shāo其qí辎zī重zhòng。会huì许xǔ攸yōu来lái降jiàng,言yán绍shào遣qiǎn淳chún于yú琼qióng等děng将jiāng万wàn余yú兵bīng迎yíng运yùn粮liáng,将jiāng骄jiāo卒zú惰duò,可kě要yāo击jī也yě。众zhòng皆jiē疑yí,唯wéi攸yōu与yǔ贾jiǎ诩xǔ劝quàn太tài祖zǔ。太tài祖zǔ乃nǎi留liú攸yōu及jí曹cáo洪hóng守shǒu。太tài祖zǔ自zì将jiāng攻gōng破pò之zhī,尽jǐn斩zhǎn琼qióng等děng。绍shào将jiāng张zhāng郃hé、高gāo览lǎn烧shāo攻gōng橹lǔ降jiàng,绍shào遂suì弃qì军jūn走zǒu。郃hé之zhī来lái,洪hóng疑yí不bù敢gǎn受shòu,攸yōu谓wèi洪hóng曰yuē:“郃hé计jì不bù用yòng,怒nù而ér来lái,君jūn何hé疑yí?”乃nǎi受shòu之zhī。

七qī年nián,从cóng讨tǎo袁yuán谭tán、尚shàng于yú黎lí阳yáng。明míng年nián,太tài祖zǔ方fāng征zhēng刘liú表biǎo,谭tán、尚shàng争zhēng冀jì州zhōu。谭tán遣qiǎn辛xīn毗pí乞qǐ降xiáng请qǐng救jiù,太tài祖zǔ将jiāng许xǔ之zhī,以yǐ问wèn群qún下xià。群qún下xià多duō以yǐ为wéi表biǎo强qiáng,宜yí先xiān平píng之zhī,谭tán、尚shàng不bù足zú忧yōu也yě。攸yōu曰yuē:“天tiān下xià方fāng有yǒu事shì,而ér刘liú表biǎo坐zuò保bǎo江jiāng、汉hàn之zhī间jiān,其qí无wú四sì方fāng志zhì可kě知zhī矣yǐ。袁yuán氏shì据jù四sì州zhōu之zhī地dì,带dài甲jiǎ十shí万wàn,绍shào以yǐ宽kuān厚hòu得dé众zhòng,借jiè使shǐ二èr子zi和hé睦mù以yǐ守shǒu其qí成chéng业yè,则zé天tiān下xià之zhī难nán未wèi息xī也yě。今jīn兄xiōng弟dì遘gòu恶è,此cǐ势shì不bù两liǎng全quán。若ruò有yǒu所suǒ并bìng则zé力lì专zhuān,力lì专zhuān则zé难nán图tú也yě。及jí其qí乱luàn而ér取qǔ之zhī,天tiān下xià定dìng矣yǐ,此cǐ时shí不bù可kě失shī也yě。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“善shàn。”乃nǎi许xǔ谭tán和hé亲qīn,遂suì还huán击jī破pò尚shàng。其qí后hòu谭tán叛pàn,从cóng斩zhǎn谭tán于yú南nán皮pí。冀jì州zhōu平píng,太tài祖zǔ表biǎo封fēng攸yōu曰yuē:“军jūn师shī荀xún攸yōu,自zì初chū佐zuǒ臣chén,无wú征zhēng不bù从cóng,前qián后hòu克kè敌dí,皆jiē攸yōu之zhī谋móu也yě。”于yú是shì封fēng陵líng树shù亭tíng侯hóu。十shí二èr年nián,下xià令lìng大dà论lùn功gōng行xíng封fēng,太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“忠zhōng正zhèng密mì谋móu,抚fǔ宁níng内nèi外wài,文wén若ruò是shì也yě。公gōng达dá其qí次cì也yě。”增zēng邑yì四sì百bǎi,并bìng前qián七qī百bǎi户hù,转zhuǎn为wéi中zhōng军jūn师shī。魏wèi国guó初chū建jiàn,为wèi尚shàng书shū令lìng。

攸yōu深shēn密mì有yǒu智zhì防fáng,自zì从cóng太tài祖zǔ征zhēng伐fá,常cháng谋móu谟mó帷wéi幄wò,时shí人rén及jí子zǐ弟dì莫mò知zhī其qí所suǒ言yán。太tài祖zǔ每měi称chēng曰yuē:“公gōng达dá外wài愚yú内nèi智zhì,外wài怯qiè内nèi勇yǒng,外wài弱ruò内nèi强qiáng,不bù伐fá善shàn,无wú施shī劳láo,智zhì可kě及jí,愚yú不bù可kě及jí,虽suī颜yán子zi、宁níng武wǔ不bù能néng过guò也yě。”文wén帝dì在zài东dōng宫gōng,太tài祖zǔ谓wèi曰yuē:“荀xún公gōng达dá,人rén之zhī师shī表biǎo也yě,汝rǔ当dāng尽jǐn礼lǐ敬jìng之zhī。”攸yōu曾céng病bìng,世shì子zi问wèn病bìng,独dú拜bài床chuáng下xià,其qí见jiàn尊zūn异yì如rú此cǐ。攸yōu与yǔ钟zhōng繇yáo善shàn,繇yáo言yán:“我wǒ每měi有yǒu所suǒ行xíng,反fǎn复fù思sī惟wéi,自zì谓wèi无wú以yǐ易yì;以yǐ咨zī公gōng达dá,辄zhé复fù过guò人rén意yì。”公gōng达dá前qián后hòu凡fán画huà奇qí策cè十shí二èr,唯wéi繇yáo知zhī之zhī。繇yáo撰zhuàn集jí未wèi就jiù,会huì薨hōng,故gù世shì不bù得dé尽jǐn闻wén也yě。攸yōu从cóng征zhēng孙sūn权quán,道dào薨hōng。太tài祖zǔ言yán则zé流liú涕tì。

长zhǎng子zǐ缉jī,有yǒu攸yōu风fēng,早zǎo没méi。次cì子zi适shì嗣sì,无wú子zi,绝jué。黄huáng初chū中zhōng,绍shào封fēng攸yōu孙sūn彪biāo为wèi陵líng树shù亭tíng侯hóu,邑yì三sān百bǎi户hù,后hòu转zhuǎn封fēng丘qiū阳yáng亭tíng侯hóu。正zhèng始shǐ中zhōng,追zhuī谥shì攸yōu曰yuē敬jìng侯hóu。

贾jiǎ诩xǔ宇yǔ文wén和hé,武wǔ威wēi姑gū臧zāng人rén也yě。少shǎo时shí人rén莫mò知zhī,唯wéi汉hàn阳yáng阎yán忠zhōng异yì之zhī,贾jiǎ诩xǔ有yǒu良liáng、平píng之zhī奇qí。察chá孝xiào廉lián为wèi郎láng,疾jí病bìng去qù官guān,西xī还hái至zhì?(氵shui千qiān千qiān)?,道dào遇yù叛pàn氐dī,同tóng行háng数shù十shí人rén皆jiē为wèi所suǒ执zhí。诩xǔ曰yuē:“我wǒ段duàn公gōng外wài孙sūn也yě,汝rǔ别bié埋mái我wǒ,我wǒ家jiā必bì厚hòu赎shú之zhī。”时shí太tài尉wèi段duàn颎jiǒng,昔xī久jiǔ为wèi边biān将jiāng,威wēi震zhèn西xī土tǔ,故gù诩xǔ假jiǎ以yǐ惧jù氐dī。氐dī果guǒ不bù敢gǎn害hài,与yǔ盟méng而ér送sòng之zhī,其qí余yú悉xī死sǐ。诩xǔ实shí非fēi段duàn甥shēng,权quán以yǐ济jì事shì,咸xián此cǐ类lèi也yě。

董dǒng卓zhuó之zhī入rù洛luò阳yáng,诩xǔ以yǐ太tài尉wèi掾yuàn为wèi平píng津jīn都dū尉wèi,迁qiān讨tǎo虏lǔ校xiào尉wèi。卓zhuó壻xù中zhōng郎láng将jiāng牛niú辅fǔ屯tún陕shǎn,诩xǔ在zài辅fǔ军jūn。卓zhuó败bài,辅fǔ又yòu死sǐ,众zhòng恐kǒng惧jù,校xiào尉wèi李lǐ傕jué、郭guō汜sì、张zhāng济jì等děng欲yù解jiě散sàn,间jiān行xíng归guī乡xiāng里lǐ。诩xǔ曰yuē:“闻wén长cháng安ān中zhōng议yì欲yù尽jǐn诛zhū凉liáng州zhōu人rén,而ér诸zhū君jūn弃qì众zhòng单dān行xíng,即jí一yī亭tíng长zhǎng能néng束shù君jūn矣yǐ。不bù如rú率lǜ众zhòng而ér西xī,所suǒ在zài收shōu兵bīng,以yǐ攻gōng长cháng安ān,为wèi董dǒng公gōng报bào仇chóu,幸xìng而ér事shì济jì,奉fèng国guó家jiā以yǐ征zhēng天tiān下xià,若ruò不bù济jì,走zǒu未wèi后hòu也yě。”众zhòng以yǐ为wéi然rán。傕jué乃nǎi西xī攻gōng长cháng安ān。语yǔ在zài《卓zhuó传chuán》。后hòu诩xǔ为wèi左zuǒ冯féng翊yì,傕jué等děng欲yù以yǐ功gōng侯hóu之zhī,诩xǔ曰yuē:“此cǐ救jiù命mìng之zhī计jì,何hé功gōng之zhī有yǒu!”固gù辞cí不bù受shòu。又yòu以yǐ为wéi尚shàng书shū仆pū射shè,诩xǔ曰yuē:“尚shàng书shū仆pū射shè,官guān之zhī师shī长zhǎng,天tiān下xià所suǒ望wàng,诩xǔ名míng不bù素sù重zhòng,非fēi所suǒ以yǐ服fú人rén也yě。纵zòng诩xǔ昧mèi于yú荣róng利lì,奈nài国guó朝cháo何hé!”乃nǎi更gèng拜bài诩xǔ尚shàng书shū,典diǎn选xuǎn举jǔ,多duō所suǒ匡kuāng济jì,傕jué等děng亲qīn而ér惮dàn之zhī。会huì母mǔ丧sàng去qù官guān,拜bài光guāng禄lù大dà夫fū。傕jué、汜sì等děng斗dòu长cháng安ān中zhōng,傕jué复fù请qǐng诩xǔ为wèi宣xuān义yì将jiāng军jūn。傕jué等děng和hé,出chū天tiān子zi,祐yòu护hù大dà臣chén,诩xǔ有yǒu力lì焉yān。天tiān子zi既jì出chū,诩xǔ上shàng还hái印yìn绶shòu。是shì时shí将jiāng军jūn段duàn煨wēi屯tún华huá阴yīn,与yǔ诩xǔ同tóng郡jùn,遂suì去qù傕jué托tuō煨wēi。诩xǔ素sù知zhī名míng,为wèi煨wēi军jūn所suǒ望wàng。煨wēi内nèi恐kǒng其qí见jiàn夺duó,而ér外wài奉fèng诩xǔ礼lǐ甚shèn备bèi,诩xǔ愈yù不bù自zì安ān。

张zhāng绣xiù在zài南nán阳yáng,诩xǔ阴yīn结jié绣xiù,绣xiù遣qiǎn人rén迎yíng诩xǔ。诩xǔ将jiāng行xíng,或huò谓wèi诩xǔ曰yuē:“煨wēi待dài君jūn厚hòu矣yǐ,君jūn安ān去qù之zhī?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“煨wēi性xìng多duō疑yí,有yǒu忌jì诩xǔ意yì,礼lǐ虽suī厚hòu,不bù可kě恃shì,久jiǔ将jiāng为wèi所suǒ图tú。我wǒ去qù必bì喜xǐ,又yòu望wàng吾wú结jié大dà援yuán于yú外wài,必bì厚hòu吾wú妻qī子zǐ。绣xiù无wú谋móu主zhǔ,亦yì愿yuàn得dé诩xǔ,则zé家jiā与yǔ身shēn必bì俱jù全quán矣yǐ。”诩xǔ遂suì往wǎng,绣xiù执zhí子zǐ孙sūn礼lǐ,煨wēi果guǒ善shàn视shì其qí家jiā。诩xǔ说shuō绣xiù与yǔ刘liú表biǎo连lián和hé。太tài祖zǔ比bǐ征zhēng之zhī,一yī朝zhāo引yǐn军jūn退tuì,绣xiù自zì追zhuī之zhī。诩xǔ谓wèi绣xiù曰yuē:“不bù可kě追zhuī也yě,追zhuī必bì败bài。”绣xiù不bù从cóng,进jìn兵bīng交jiāo战zhàn,大dà败bài而ér还hái。诩xǔ谓wèi绣xiù曰yuē:“促cù更gèng追zhuī之zhī,更gèng战zhàn必bì胜shèng。”绣xiù谢xiè曰yuē:“不bù用yòng公gōng言yán,以yǐ至zhì于yú此cǐ。今jīn已yǐ败bài,奈nài何hé复fù追zhuī?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“兵bīng势shì有yǒu变biàn,亟jí往wǎng必bì利lì。”锈xiù信xìn之zhī,遂suì收shōu散sàn卒zú赴fù追zhuī,大dà战zhàn,果guǒ以yǐ胜shèng还hái。问wèn诩xǔ曰yuē:“绣xiù以yǐ精jīng兵bīng追zhuī退tuì军jūn,而ér公gōng曰yuē必bì败bài;退tuì以yǐ败bài卒zú击jī胜shèng兵bīng,而ér公gōng曰yuē必bì?克kè?。悉xī如rú公gōng言yán,何hé其qí反fǎn而ér皆jiē验yàn也yě?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“此cǐ易yì知zhī耳ěr。将jiāng军jūn虽suī善shàn用yòng兵bīng,非fēi曹cáo公gōng敌dí也yě。军jūn虽suī新xīn退tuì,曹cáo公gōng必bì自zì断duàn后hòu;追zhuī兵bīng虽suī精jīng,将jiāng既jì不bù敌dí,彼bǐ士shì亦yì锐ruì,故gù知zhī必bì败bài。曹cáo公gōng攻gōng将jiāng军jūn无wú失shī策cè,力lì未wèi尽jǐn而ér退tuì,必bì国guó内nèi有yǒu故gù;已yǐ破pò将jiāng军jūn,必bì轻qīng军jūn速sù进jìn,纵zòng留liú诸zhū将jiāng断duàn后hòu,诸zhū将jiāng虽suī勇yǒng,亦yì非fēi将jiāng军jūn敌dí,故gù虽suī用yòng败bài兵bīng而ér战zhàn必bì胜shèng也yě。”绣xiù乃nǎi服fú。是shì后hòu,太tài祖zǔ拒jù袁yuán绍shào于yú官guān渡dù,绍shào遣qiǎn人rén招zhāo绣xiù,并bìng与yǔ诩xǔ书shū结jié援yuán。绣xiù欲yù许xǔ之zhī,诩xǔ显xiǎn于yú绣xiù坐zuò上shàng谓wèi绍shào使shǐ曰yuē:“归guī谢xiè袁yuán本běn初chū,兄xiōng弟dì不bù能néng相xiāng容róng,而ér能néng容róng天tiān下xià国guó士shì乎hū?”绣xiù惊jīng惧jù曰yuē:“何hé至zhì于yú此cǐ!”窃qiè谓wèi诩xǔ曰yuē:“若ruò此cǐ,当dāng何hé归guī?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“不bù如rú从cóng曹cáo公gōng。”绣xiù曰yuē:“袁yuán强qiáng曹cáo弱ruò,又yòu与yǔ曹cáo为wèi仇chóu,从cóng之zhī如rú何hé?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“此cǐ乃nǎi所suǒ以yǐ宜yí从cóng也yě。夫fū曹cáo公gōng奉fèng天tiān子zi以yǐ令lìng天tiān下xià,其qí宜yí从cóng一yī也yě。绍shào强qiáng盛shèng,我wǒ以yǐ少shǎo众zhòng从cóng之zhī,必bì不bù以yǐ我wǒ为wèi重zhòng。曹cáo公gōng众zhòng弱ruò,其qí得dé我wǒ必bì喜xǐ,其qí宜yí从cóng二èr也yě。夫fū有yǒu霸bà王wáng之zhī志zhì者zhě,固gù将jiāng释shì私sī怨yuàn,以yǐ明míng德dé于yú四sì海hǎi,其qí宜yí从cóng三sān也yě。愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn无wú疑yí!”绣xiù从cóng之zhī,率lǜ众zhòng归guī太tài祖zǔ。太tài祖zǔ见jiàn之zhī,喜xǐ,执zhí诩xǔ手shǒu曰yuē:“使shǐ我wǒ信xìn重zhòng于yú天tiān下xià者zhě,子zi也yě。”表biǎo诩xǔ为wèi执zhí金jīn吾wú,封fēng都dōu亭tíng侯hóu,迁qiān冀jì州zhōu牧mù。冀jì州zhōu未wèi平píng,留liú参cān司sī空kōng军jūn事shì。袁yuán绍shào围wéi太tài祖zǔ于yú官guān渡dù,太tài祖zǔ粮liáng方fāng尽jǐn,问wèn诩xǔ计jì焉yān出chū,诩xǔ曰yuē:“公gōng明míng胜shèng绍shào,勇yǒng胜shèng绍shào,用yòng人rén胜shèng绍shào,决jué机jī胜shèng绍shào,有yǒu此cǐ四sì胜shèng而ér半bàn年nián不bù定dìng者zhě,但dàn顾gù万wàn全quán故gù也yě。必bì决jué其qí机jī,须xū臾yú可kě定dìng也yě。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“善shàn。”乃nǎi并bìng兵bīng出chū,围wéi击jī绍shào三sān十shí余yú里lǐ营yíng,破pò之zhī。绍shào军jūn大dà溃kuì,河hé北běi平píng。太tài祖zǔ领lǐng冀jì州zhōu牧mù,徙xǐ诩xǔ为wèi太tài中zhōng大dà夫fū。建jiàn安ān十shí三sān年nián,太tài祖zǔ破pò荆jīng州zhōu,欲yù顺shùn江jiāng东dōng下xià。诩xǔ谏jiàn曰yuē:“明míng公gōng昔xī破pò袁yuán氏shì,今jīn收shōu汉hàn南nán,威wēi名míng远yuǎn著zhù,军jūn势shì既jì大dà;若ruò乘chéng旧jiù楚chǔ之zhī饶ráo,以yǐ飨xiǎng吏lì士shì,抚fǔ安ān百bǎi姓xìng,使shǐ安ān士shì乐lè业yè,则zé可kě不bù劳láo众zhòng而ér江jiāng东dōng稽jī服fú矣yǐ。”太tài祖zǔ不bù从cóng,军jūn遂suì无wú利lì。太tài祖zǔ后hòu与yǔ韩hán遂suì、马mǎ超chāo战zhàn于yú渭wèi南nán,超chāo等děng索suǒ割gē地dì以yǐ和hé,并bìng求qiú任rèn子zi。诩xǔ以yǐ为wéi可kě伪wěi许xǔ之zhī。又yòu问wèn诩xǔ计jì策cè,诩xǔ曰yuē:“离lí之zhī而ér已yǐ。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“解jiě。”一yī承chéng用yòng诩xǔ谋móu。语yǔ在zài《武wǔ纪jì》。卒zú破pò遂suì、超chāo,诩xǔ本běn谋móu也yě。

是shì时shí,文wén帝dì为wèi五wǔ官guān将jiāng,而ér临lín菑zāi侯hóu植zhí才cái名míng方fāng盛shèng,各gè有yǒu党dǎng与yǔ,有yǒu夺duó宗zōng之zhī议yì。文wén帝dì使shǐ人rén问wèn诩xǔ自zì固gù之zhī术shù,诩xǔ曰yuē:“愿yuàn将jiāng军jūn恢huī崇chóng德dé度dù,躬gōng素sù士shì之zhī业yè,朝zhāo夕xī孜zī孜zī,不bù违wéi子zi道dào。如rú此cǐ而ér已yǐ。”文wén帝dì从cóng之zhī,深shēn自zì砥dǐ顾gù。太tài祖zǔ又yòu尝cháng屏bǐng除chú左zuǒ右yòu问wèn诩xǔ,诩xǔ嘿hēi然rán不bú对duì。太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“与yǔ卿qīng言yán而ér不bù答dá,何hé也yě?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“属shǔ适shì有yǒu所suǒ思sī,故gù不bù即jí对duì耳ěr。”太tài祖zǔ曰yuē:“何hé思sī?”诩xǔ曰yuē:“思sī袁yuán本běn初chū、刘liú景jǐng升shēng父fù子zǐ也yě。”太tài祖zǔ大dà笑xiào,于yú是shì太tài子zi遂suì定dìng。诩xǔ自zì以yǐ非fēi太tài祖zǔ旧jiù臣chén,而ér策cè谋móu深shēn长cháng,惧jù见jiàn猜cāi嫌xián,阖hé门mén自zì守shǒu,退tuì无wú私sī交jiāo,男nán女nǚ嫁jià娶qǔ,不bù结jié高gāo门mén,天tiān下xià之zhī论lùn智zhì计jì者zhě归guī之zhī。

文wén帝dì即jí位wèi,以yǐ诩xǔ为wèi太tài尉wèi,进jìn爵jué魏wèi寿shòu乡xiāng侯hóu,增zēng邑yì三sān百bǎi,并bìng前qián八bā百bǎi户hù。又yòu分fēn邑yì二èr百bǎi,封fēng小xiǎo子zi访fǎng为wèi列liè侯hóu。以yǐ长zhǎng子zǐ穆mù为wèi驸fù马mǎ都dū尉wèi。帝dì问wèn诩xǔ曰yuē:“吾wú欲yù伐fá不bù从cóng命mìng以yǐ一yī天tiān下xià,吴wú、蜀shǔ何hé先xiān?”对duì曰yuē:“攻gōng取qǔ者zhě先xiān兵bīng权quán,建jiàn本běn者zhě尚shàng德dé化huà。陛bì下xià应yīng期qī受shòu禅chán,抚fǔ临lín率lǜ土tǔ,若ruò绥suí之zhī以yǐ文wén德dé而ér俟qí其qí变biàn,则zé平píng之zhī不bù难nán矣yǐ。吴wú、蜀shǔ虽suī蕞zuì尔ěr小xiǎo国guó,依yī阻zǔ山shān水shuǐ,刘liú备bèi有yǒu雄xióng才cái,诸zhū葛gě亮liàng善shàn治zhì国guó,孙sūn权quán识shí虚xū实shí,陆lù议yì见jiàn兵bīng势shì,据jù险xiǎn守shǒu要yào,泛fàn舟zhōu江jiāng湖hú,皆jiē难nán卒zú谋móu也yě。用yòng兵bīng之zhī道dào,先xiān胜shèng后hòu战zhàn,量liàng敌dí论lùn将jiāng,故gù举jǔ无wú遗yí策cè。臣chén窃qiè料liào群qún臣chén,无wú备bèi、权quán对duì,虽suī以yǐ天tiān威wēi临lín之zhī,未wèi见jiàn万wàn全quán之zhī势shì也yě。昔xī舜shùn舞wǔ干gàn戚qī而ér有yǒu苗miáo服fú,臣chén以yǐ为wéi当dāng今jīn宜yí先xiān文wén后hòu武wǔ。”文wén帝dì不bù纳nà。后hòu兴xīng江jiāng陵líng之zhī役yì,士shì卒zú多duō死sǐ。诩xǔ年nián七qī十shí七qī,薨hōng,溢yì曰yuē肃sù侯hóu,子zi穆mù嗣sì,历lì位wèi郡jùn守shǒu。穆mù薨hōng,子zi模mó嗣sì。

评píng曰yuē:荀xún彧yù清qīng秀xiù通tōng雅yǎ,有yǒu王wáng佐zuǒ之zhī风fēng,然rán机jī鉴jiàn先xiān识shí,未wèi能néng充chōng其qí志zhì也yě。荀xún攸yōu、贾jiǎ诩xǔ,庶shù乎hū算suàn无wú遗yí策cè,经jīng达dá权quán变biàn,其qí良liáng、平píng之zhī亚yà欤yú!

魏wèi书shū十shí一yī 袁yuán张zhāng凉liáng国guó田tián王wáng邴bǐng管guǎn传chuán第dì十shí一yī

袁yuán涣huàn宇yǔ曜yào卿qīng,陈chén郡jùn扶fú乐lè人rén也yě。父fù滂pāng,为wèi汉hàn司sī徒tú。当dāng时shí诸zhū公gōng子zi多duō越yuè法fǎ度dù,而ér涣huàn清qīng静jìng,举jǔ动dòng必bì以yǐ礼lǐ。郡jùn命mìng为wèi功gōng曹cáo,郡jùn中zhōng奸jiān吏lì皆jiē自zì引yǐn去qù。后hòu辟pì公gōng府fǔ,举jǔ高gāo第dì,迁qiān侍shì御yù史shǐ。除chú谯qiáo令lìng,不bù就jiù。刘liú备bèi之zhī为wèi豫yù州zhōu,举jǔ涣huàn茂mào才cái。后hòu避bì地dì江jiāng、淮huái间jiān,为wèi袁yuán术shù所suǒ命mìng。术shù每měi有yǒu所suǒ咨zī访fǎng,涣huàn常cháng正zhèng议yì,术shù不bù能néng抗kàng,然rán敬jìng之zhī不bù敢gǎn不bù礼lǐ也yě。顷qǐng之zhī,吕lǚ布bù击jī术shù于yú阜fù陵líng,涣huàn往wǎng从cóng之zhī,遂suì复fù为wèi布bù所suǒ拘jū留liú。布bù初chū与yǔ刘liú备bèi和hé亲qīn,后hòu离lí隙xì。布bù欲yù使shǐ涣huàn作zuò书shū詈lì辱rǔ备bèi,涣huàn不bù可kě,再zài三sān强qiáng之zhī,不bù许xǔ。布bù大dà怒nù,以yǐ兵bīng胁xié涣huàn曰yuē:“为wèi之zhī则zé生shēng,不bù为wèi则zé死sǐ。”涣huàn颜yán色sè不bù变biàn,笑xiào而ér应yīng之zhī曰yuē:“涣huàn闻wén唯wéi德dé可kě有yǒu辱rǔ人rén,不bù闻wén以yǐ骂mà。使shǐ彼bǐ固gù君jūn子zǐ邪xié,且qiě不bù耻chǐ将jiāng军jūn之zhī言yán,彼bǐ诚chéng小xiǎo人rén邪xié,将jiāng复fù将jiāng军jūn之zhī意yì,则zé辱rǔ在zài此cǐ不bù在zài于yú彼bǐ。且qiě涣huàn他tā日rì之zhī事shì刘liú将jiāng军jūn,独dú今jīn日rì之zhī事shì将jiāng军jūn也yě,如rú一yí旦dàn去qù此cǐ,复fù骂mà将jiāng军jūn,可kě乎hū?”布bù惭cán而ér止zhǐ。布bù诛zhū,涣huàn得dé归guī太tài祖zǔ。

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