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呜wū呼hū!笃dǔ棐fěi时shí二èr人rén,我wǒ式shì克kè至zhì于yú今jīn日rì休xiū。言yán我wǒ厚hòu辅fǔ是shì文wén武wǔ之zhī道dào而ér行xíng之zhī,或huò用yòng能néng至zhì于yú今jīn日rì其qí政zhèng美měi。我wǒ咸xián成chéng文wén王wáng功gōng于yú不bù怠dài,丕pī冒mào海hǎi隅yú出chū日rì,罔wǎng不bù率lǜ俾bǐ。”今jīn我wǒ周zhōu家jiā皆jiē成chéng文wén王wáng功gōng于yú不bù懈xiè怠dài,则zé德dé教jiào大dà覆fù冒mào海hǎi隅yú日rì所suǒ出chū之zhī地dì,无wú不bù循xún化huà而ér使shǐ之zhī。 

[疏shū]“呜wū呼hū”至zhì“率lǜ俾bǐ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu公gōng言yán而ér叹tàn曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!我wǒ厚hòu辅fǔ是shì二èr人rén之zhī道dào而ér行xíng之zhī,我wǒ用yòng能néng至zhì于yú今jīn日rì其qí政zhèng美měi。”言yán今jīn日rì政zhèng美měi,由yóu是shì文wén武wǔ之zhī道dào。“我wǒ周zhōu家jiā若ruò能néng皆jiē成chéng文wén王wáng之zhī功gōng,于yú事shì常cháng不bù懈xiè怠dài,则zé德dé教jiào大dà覆fù四sì海hǎi之zhī隅yú,至zhì于yú日rì出chū之zhī处chù,其qí民mín无wú不bù循xún我wǒ化huà,可kě臣chén使shǐ也yě”。戒jiè召zhào公gōng与yǔ朝cháo臣chén皆jiē当dāng法fǎ文wén王wáng之zhī功gōng。

公gōng曰yuē:“君jūn,予yǔ不bù惠huì若ruò兹zī多duō诰gào,予yǔ惟wéi用yòng闵mǐn于yú天tiān越yuè民mín。”我wǒ不bù顺shùn若ruò此cǐ多duō诰gào而ér已yǐ,欲yù使shǐ汝rǔ念niàn躬gōng行xíng之zhī闵mǐn勉miǎn也yě。我wǒ惟wéi用yòng勉miǎn于yú天tiān道dào加jiā于yú民mín。 

[疏shū]“公gōng曰yuē君jūn予yǔ”至zhì“越yuè民mín”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:公gōng呼hū召zhào公gōng曰yuē:“君jūn,我wǒ不bù徒tú惟wéi顺shùn如rú此cǐ之zhī事shì多duō诰gào而ér已yǐ,欲yù使shǐ汝rǔ躬gōng亲qīn行xíng之zhī。我wǒ惟wéi用yòng勉miǎn力lì自zì强qiáng于yú天tiān道dào,行xíng化huà于yú民mín。”顾gù氏shì云yún:“我wǒ亦yì自zì用yòng勉miǎn劝quàn,躬gōng行xíng于yú天tiān道dào,加jiā益yì于yú民mín人rén也yě。”公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!君jūn,惟wéi乃nǎi知zhī民mín德dé,亦yì罔wǎng不bù能néng厥jué初chū,惟wéi其qí终zhōng。惟wéi汝rǔ所suǒ知zhī民mín德dé,亦yì无wú不bù能néng其qí初chū,鲜xiān能néng有yǒu终zhōng,惟wéi其qí终zhōng则zé惟wéi君jūn子zǐ。戒jiè召zhào公gōng以yǐ慎shèn终zhōng。○鲜xiān,息xī浅qiǎn反fǎn。祗zhī若ruò兹zī,往wǎng敬jìng用yòng治zhì。”当dāng敬jìng顺shùn我wǒ此cǐ言yán,自zì今jīn以yǐ往wǎng,敬jìng用yòng治zhì民mín职zhí事shì。 

[疏shū]“公gōng曰yuē呜wū呼hū”至zhì“用yòng治zhì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu公gōng叹tàn而ér呼hū召zhào公gōng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!君jūn,惟wéi汝rǔ知zhī民mín之zhī德dé行xíng,亦yì无wú有yǒu不bù能néng其qí初chū,惟wéi鲜xiān能néng其qí终zhōng。”言yán行xíng之zhī虽suī易yì,终zhōng之zhī实shí难nán,恐kǒng召zhào公gōng不bù能néng终zhōng行xíng善shàn政zhèng,故gù戒jiè之zhī以yǐ慎shèn终zhōng。“汝rǔ当dāng以yǐ敬jìng顺shùn我wǒ此cǐ言yán,自zì今jīn以yǐ往wǎng,宜yí敬jìng用yòng此cǐ治zhì民mín职zhí事shì”。戒jiè之zhī使shǐ行xíng善shàn不bù懈xiè怠dài也yě。○传chuán“惟wéi汝rǔ”至zhì“慎shèn终zhōng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《诗shī》云yún:“靡mí不bù有yǒu初chū,鲜xiān克kè有yǒu终zhōng。”是shì凡fán民mín之zhī德dé,无wú不bù能néng其qí初chū,少shǎo能néng有yǒu终zhōng者zhě。凡fán民mín皆jiē如rú是shì,有yǒu终zhōng则zé惟wéi君jūn子zǐ。盖gài召zhào公gōng至zhì此cǐ已yǐ说shuō,恐kǒng其qí不bù能néng终zhōng善shàn,故gù戒jiè召zhào公gōng汝rǔ慎shèn终zhōng也yě。郑zhèng云yún:“召zhào公gōng是shì时shí意yì说shuō,周zhōu公gōng恐kǒng其qí复fù不bù说shuō,故gù依yī违wéi托tuō言yán民mín德dé以yǐ剀kǎi切qiè之zhī。”


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卷juǎn十shí七qī 蔡cài仲zhòng之zhī命mìng第dì十shí九jiǔ



蔡cài叔shū既jì没méi,以yǐ罪zuì放fàng而ér卒zú。王wáng命mìng蔡cài仲zhòng,践jiàn诸zhū侯hóu位wèi,成chéng王wáng也yě。父fù卒zú命mìng子zi,罪zuì不bù相xiāng及jí。作zuò《蔡cài仲zhòng之zhī命mìng》。册cè书shū命mìng之zhī。 

蔡cài仲zhòng之zhī命mìng蔡cài,国guó名míng。仲zhòng,字zì。因yīn以yǐ名míng篇piān。 

[疏shū]“蔡cài叔shū”至zhì“之zhī命mìng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:蔡cài叔shū与yǔ管guǎn叔shū流liú言yán于yú国guó,谤bàng毁huǐ周zhōu公gōng,周zhōu公gōng囚qiú之zhī郭guō邻lín,至zhì死sǐ不bù赦shè。蔡cài叔shū既jì没méi,成chéng王wáng命mìng蔡cài叔shū之zhī子zi蔡cài仲zhòng践jiàn诸zhū侯hóu之zhī位wèi,封fēng为wèi国guó君jūn,以yǐ策cè书shū命mìng之zhī。史shǐ叙xù其qí事shì,故gù作zuò《蔡cài仲zhòng之zhī命mìng》。○传chuán“成chéng王wáng”至zhì“相xiāng及jí”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:编biān书shū以yǐ世shì先xiān后hòu为wèi次cì,此cǐ篇piān在zài成chéng王wáng书shū内nèi,知zhī“王wáng命mìng蔡cài仲zhòng”是shì成chéng王wáng命mìng之zhī也yě。蔡cài叔shū之zhī没méi,不bù知zhī何hé年nián,其qí命mìng蔡cài仲zhòng,未wèi必bì初chū卒zú即jí命mìng,以yǐ其qí继jì父fù命mìng子zi,故gù系xì之zhī蔡cài叔shū之zhī后hòu也yě。蔡cài叔shū有yǒu罪zuì而ér命mìng蔡cài仲zhòng者zhě,“父fù卒zú命mìng子zi,罪zuì不bù相xiāng及jí”也yě。昭zhāo二èr十shí年nián《左zuǒ传zhuàn》曰yuē:“父fù子zǐ兄xiōng弟dì,罪zuì不bù相xiāng及jí。”其qí言yán“罪zuì不bù相xiāng及jí”,谓wèi蔡cài仲zhòng不bù坐zuò父fù尔ěr。若ruò父fù有yǒu大dà罪zuì,罪zuì当dāng绝jué灭miè,正zhèng可kě别bié封fēng他tā国guó,不bù得dé仍réng取qǔ蔡cài名míng,以yǐ蔡cài叔shū为wèi始shǐ祖zǔ也yě。蔡cài叔shū身shēn尚shàng不bù死sǐ,明míng其qí罪zuì轻qīng。不bù立lì管guǎn叔shū之zhī后hòu者zhě,盖gài罪zuì重zhòng无wú子zi,或huò有yǒu而ér不bù贤xián故gù也yě。

惟wéi周zhōu公gōng位wèi冢zhǒng宰zǎi,正zhèng百bǎi工gōng,百bǎi官guān总zǒng己jǐ以yǐ听tīng冢zhǒng宰zǎi,谓wèi武wǔ王wáng崩bēng时shí。群qún叔shū流liú言yán,乃nǎi致zhì辟pì管guǎn叔shū于yú商shāng;囚qiú蔡cài叔shū于yú郭guō邻lín,以yǐ车chē七qī乘chéng;致zhì法fǎ谓wèi诛zhū杀shā。囚qiú谓wèi制zhì其qí出chū入rù。郭guō邻lín,中zhōng国guó之zhī外wài地dì名míng。从cóng车chē七qī乘chéng,言yán少shǎo。管guǎn、蔡cài,国guó名míng。○辟pì,婢bì亦yì反fǎn,徐xú扶fú亦yì反fǎn。乘chéng,绳shéng证zhèng反fǎn。从cóng,才cái用yòng反fǎn。降jiàng霍huò叔shū于yú庶shù人rén,三sān年nián不bù齿chǐ。罪zuì轻qīng,故gù退tuì为wèi众zhòng人rén,三sān年nián之zhī后hòu乃nǎi齿chǐ录lù,封fēng为wèi霍huò侯hóu,子zǐ孙sūn为wèi晋jìn所suǒ灭miè。蔡cài仲zhòng克kè庸yōng祗zhī德dé,周zhōu公gōng以yǐ为wéi卿qīng士shì。蔡cài仲zhòng能néng用yòng敬jìng德dé,称chēng其qí贤xián也yě。明míng王wáng之zhī法fǎ,诛zhū父fù用yòng子zi,言yán至zhì公gōng。周zhōu公gōng,圻qí内nèi诸zhū侯hóu,二èr卿qīng治zhì事shì。○圻qí,巨jù依yī反fǎn,下xià同tóng。叔shū卒zú,乃nǎi命mìng诸zhū王wáng邦bāng之zhī蔡cài。叔shū之zhī所suǒ封fēng,圻qí内nèi之zhī蔡cài。仲zhòng之zhī所suǒ封fēng,淮huái汝rǔ之zhī间jiān。圻qí内nèi之zhī蔡cài名míng已yǐ灭miè,故gù取qǔ其qí名míng以yǐ名míng新xīn国guó,欲yù其qí戒jiè之zhī。 

[疏shū]“惟wéi周zhōu”至zhì“之zhī蔡cài”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:惟wéi周zhōu公gōng于yú武wǔ王wáng崩bēng后hòu,其qí位wèi为wèi冢zhǒng宰zǎi之zhī卿qīng,正zhèng百bǎi官guān之zhī治zhì,摄shè王wáng政zhèng,治zhì天tiān下xià。于yú时shí管guǎn、蔡cài、霍huò等děng群qún叔shū流liú言yán于yú国guó,谤bàng毁huǐ周zhōu公gōng。周zhōu公gōng乃nǎi以yǐ王wáng命mìng致zhì法fǎ,杀shā管guǎn叔shū于yú商shāng,就jiù殷yīn都dōu杀shā之zhī。囚qiú蔡cài叔shū,迁qiān之zhī于yú郭guō邻lín之zhī地dì,惟wéi与yǔ之zhī从cóng车chē七qī乘chéng。降jiàng黜chù霍huò叔shū于yú庶shù人rén,若ruò今jīn除chú名míng为wèi民mín,三sān年nián之zhī内nèi不bù得dé与yǔ兄xiōng弟dì年nián齿chǐ相xiāng次cì。蔡cài叔shū之zhī子zi蔡cài仲zhòng能néng用yòng敬jìng德dé,周zhōu公gōng为wèi畿jī内nèi诸zhū侯hóu,得dé立lì二èr卿qīng,以yǐ蔡cài仲zhòng为wèi己jǐ之zhī卿qīng士shì。周zhōu公gōng善shàn其qí为wéi人rén,及jí蔡cài叔shū既jì卒zú,乃nǎi将jiāng蔡cài仲zhòng命mìng之zhī于yú王wáng,国guó之zhī于yú蔡cài为wèi诸zhū侯hóu也yě。○传chuán“致zhì法fǎ”至zhì“国guó名míng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《周zhōu礼lǐ》有yǒu掌zhǎng囚qiú之zhī官guān,郑zhèng云yún,囚qiú,拘jū也yě,主zhǔ拘jū系xì当dāng刑xíng杀shā者zhě。拘jū系xì之zhī是shì为wèi制zhì其qí出chū入rù,不bù得dé辄zhé行xíng。“郭guō邻lín,中zhōng国guó之zhī外wài地dì名míng”,盖gài相xiāng传chuán为wèi然rán,不bù知zhī在zài何hé方fāng。《舜shùn典diǎn》云yún“流liú宥yòu五wǔ刑xíng”,谓wèi流liú之zhī远yuǎn地dì,任rèn其qí自zì生shēng,此cǐ则zé徙xǐ之zhī郭guō邻lín,而ér又yòu囚qiú之zhī。《管guǎn蔡cài世shì家jiā》云yún“封fēng叔shū鲜xiān于yú管guǎn,封fēng叔shū度dù于yú蔡cài”,是shì管guǎn、蔡cài为wèi国guó名míng。杜dù预yù云yún:“管guǎn在zài荥xíng阳yáng京jīng县xiàn东dōng北běi。”○传chuán“罪zuì轻qīng”至zhì“所suǒ灭miè”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:言yán“群qún叔shū流liú言yán”,则zé霍huò叔shū亦yì流liú言yán也yě。而ér知zhī其qí罪zuì轻qīng者zhě,以yǐ其qí不bù死sǐ不bù迁qiān,有yǒu降jiàng黜chù而ér已yǐ,明míng其qí罪zuì轻qīng也yě。霍huò叔shū不bù监jiān殷yīn民mín,周zhōu公gōng惟wéi伐fá管guǎn蔡cài,不bù言yán伐fá霍huò叔shū,于yú时shí霍huò叔shū盖gài在zài京jīng邑yì,闻wén管guǎn蔡cài之zhī语yǔ,流liú传chuán其qí言yán,谓wèi其qí实shí然rán,不bù与yǔ朝cháo廷tíng同tóng心xīn,故gù退tuì之zhī。《世shì家jiā》云yún“武wǔ王wáng已yǐ克kè商shāng平píng天tiān下xià,封fēng功gōng臣chén昆kūn弟dì,封fēng叔shū处chǔ于yú霍huò”,则zé武wǔ王wáng已yǐ封fēng之zhī矣yǐ。后hòu黜chù为wèi庶shù人rén,夺duó其qí爵jué禄lù,三sān年nián之zhī后hòu乃nǎi更gèng爵jué禄lù,盖gài复fù其qí旧jiù封fēng,封fēng为wèi霍huò侯hóu。《春chūn秋qiū》闵mǐn元yuán年nián晋jìn侯hóu灭miè霍huò,既jì子zǐ孙sūn得dé为wèi国guó君jūn,为wèi晋jìn所suǒ灭miè,知zhī三sān年nián之zhī后hòu复fù得dé封fēng也yě。《世shì家jiā》惟wéi云yún封fēng霍huò,不bù云yún其qí爵jué,传chuán言yán“霍huò侯hóu”,或huò当dāng有yǒu所suǒ据jù而ér知zhī之zhī。○传chuán“蔡cài仲zhòng”至zhì“治zhì事shì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《周zhōu礼lǐ·冢zhǒng宰zǎi》:“以yǐ八bā则zé治zhì都dōu鄙bǐ。”马mǎ融róng云yún:“距jù王wáng城chéng四sì百bǎi里lǐ至zhì五wǔ百bǎi里lǐ谓wèi之zhī都dōu鄙bǐ。鄙bǐ,边biān邑yì也yě,以yǐ封fēng王wáng之zhī子zǐ弟dì在zài畿jī内nèi者zhě。”《冢zhǒng宰zǎi》又yòu云yún:“乃nǎi施shī则zé于yú都dōu鄙bǐ而ér建jiàn其qí长zhǎng,立lì其qí两liǎng。”马mǎ、郑zhèng皆jiē云yún“立lì卿qīng两liǎng人rén”,是shì畿jī内nèi诸zhū侯hóu立lì二èr卿qīng。定dìng四sì年nián《左zuǒ传zhuàn》说shuō此cǐ事shì云yún“周zhōu公gōng举jǔ之zhī,以yǐ为wéi己jǐ卿qīng士shì”,是shì为wèi周zhōu公gōng圻qí内nèi之zhī卿qīng士shì也yě。《世shì家jiā》云yún“周zhōu公gōng举jǔ胡hú以yǐ为wéi鲁lǔ卿qīng士shì,鲁lǔ国guó治zhì。于yú是shì周zhōu公gōng言yán于yú成chéng王wáng,复fù封fēng之zhī于yú蔡cài。”案àn《鲁lǔ世shì家jiā》云yún,成chéng王wáng封fēng周zhōu公gōng于yú鲁lǔ,周zhōu公gōng不bù就jiù封fēng,留liú佐zuǒ成chéng王wáng。则zé周zhōu公gōng身shēn不bù就jiù封fēng,安ān得dé使shǐ胡hú为wèi卿qīng士shì?马mǎ迁qiān说shuō之zhī谬miù尔ěr。○传chuán“叔shū之zhī”至zhì“戒jiè之zhī”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“仲zhòng之zhī所suǒ封fēng,淮huái汝rǔ之zhī间jiān”,《左zuǒ传zhuàn》有yǒu文wén。“叔shū之zhī所suǒ封fēng,圻qí内nèi之zhī蔡cài”,其qí事shì不bù知zhī所suǒ出chū也yě。《世shì家jiā》云yún:“蔡cài叔shū居jū上shàng蔡cài。”宋sòng仲zhòng子zi云yún:“胡hú徙xǐ居jū新xīn蔡cài。”杜dù预yù云yún:“武wǔ王wáng封fēng叔shū度dù于yú汝rǔ南nán上shàng蔡cài,至zhì平píng侯hóu徙xǐ新xīn蔡cài,昭zhāo侯hóu徙xǐ居jū九jiǔ江jiāng下xià蔡cài。”检jiǎn其qí地dì,上shàng蔡cài、新xīn蔡cài皆jiē属shǔ汝rǔ南nán郡jùn,去qù京jīng师shī太tài远yuǎn,叔shū若ruò封fēng于yú上shàng蔡cài,不bù得dé在zài圻qí内nèi也yě。孔kǒng言yán叔shū封fēng圻qí内nèi,或huò当dāng有yǒu以yǐ知zhī之zhī。但dàn圻qí内nèi蔡cài地dì,不bù知zhī所suǒ在zài尔ěr。王wáng若ruò曰yuē:“小xiǎo子zi胡hú,言yán小xiǎo子zi,明míng当dāng受shòu教jiào训xùn。胡hú,仲zhòng名míng。顺shùn其qí事shì而ér告gào之zhī。惟wéi尔ěr率lǜ德dé改gǎi行háng,克kè慎shèn厥jué猷yóu,言yán汝rǔ循xún祖zǔ之zhī德dé,改gǎi父fù之zhī行xíng,能néng慎shèn其qí道dào。叹tàn其qí贤xián。肆sì予yǔ命mìng尔ěr侯hóu于yú东dōng土tǔ。往wǎng即jí乃nǎi封fēng,敬jìng哉zāi!以yǐ汝rǔ率lǜ德dé改gǎi行háng之zhī故gù,故gù我wǒ命mìng汝rǔ为wèi诸zhū侯hóu于yú东dōng土tǔ。往wǎng就jiù汝rǔ所suǒ封fēng之zhī国guó,当dāng脩xiū已yǐ以yǐ敬jìng哉zāi!尔ěr尚shàng盖gài前qián人rén之zhī愆qiān,惟wéi忠zhōng惟wéi孝xiào,汝rǔ当dāng庶shù几jǐ脩xiū德dé,尚shàng盖gài前qián人rén之zhī过guò。子zi能néng盖gài父fù,所suǒ以yǐ为wéi惟wéi忠zhōng惟wéi孝xiào。尔ěr乃nǎi迈mài迹jì自zì身shēn,克kè勤qín无wú怠dài,以yǐ垂chuí宪xiàn乃nǎi后hòu。汝rǔ乃nǎi行xíng善shàn迹jì用yòng汝rǔ身shēn,使shǐ可kě踪zōng迹jì而ér法fǎ循xún之zhī,能néng勤qín无wú懈xiè怠dài,以yǐ垂chuí法fǎ子zǐ孙sūn,世shì世shì称chēng颂sòng,乃nǎi当dāng我wǒ意yì。率lǜ乃nǎi祖zǔ文wén王wáng之zhī彝yí训xùn,无wú若ruò尔ěr考kǎo之zhī违wéi王wáng命mìng。言yán当dāng循xún文wén武wǔ之zhī常cháng教jiào,以yǐ父fù违wéi命mìng为wèi世shì戒jiè。皇huáng天tiān无wú亲qīn,惟wéi德dé是shì辅fǔ。民mín心xīn无wú常cháng,惟wéi惠huì之zhī怀huái。天tiān之zhī于yú人rén,无wú有yǒu亲qīn疏shū,惟wéi有yǒu德dé者zhě则zé辅fǔ佑yòu之zhī。民mín之zhī于yú上shàng,无wú有yǒu常cháng主zhǔ,惟wéi爱ài己jǐ者zhě则zé归guī之zhī。为wèi善shàn不bù同tóng,同tóng归guī于yú治zhì。为wèi恶è不bù同tóng,同tóng归guī于yú乱luàn。言yán人rén为wéi善shàn为wèi恶è,各gè有yǒu百bǎi端duān,未wèi必bì正zhèng同tóng。而ér治zhì乱luàn所suǒ归guī不bù殊shū,宜yí慎shèn其qí微wēi。○治zhì,直zhí吏lì反fǎn。尔ěr其qí戒jiè哉zāi!慎shèn厥jué初chū,惟wéi厥jué终zhōng,终zhōng以yǐ不bù困kùn。不bù惟wéi厥jué终zhōng,终zhōng以yǐ困kùn穷qióng。汝rǔ其qí戒jiè治zhì乱luàn之zhī机jī哉zāi!作zuò事shì云yún为wèi,必bì慎shèn其qí初chū,念niàn其qí终zhōng,则zé终zhōng用yòng不bù困kùn穷qióng。懋mào乃nǎi攸yōu绩jì,睦mù乃nǎi四sì邻lín,以yǐ蕃fān王wáng室shì,以yǐ和hé兄xiōng弟dì。勉miǎn汝rǔ所suǒ立lì之zhī功gōng,亲qīn汝rǔ四sì邻lín之zhī国guó,以yǐ蕃fān屏píng王wáng室shì,以yǐ和hé协xié同tóng姓xìng之zhī邦bāng,诸zhū侯hóu之zhī道dào。○懋mào音yīn茂mào。蕃fān,方fāng元yuán反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。康kāng济jì小xiǎo民mín,率lǜ自zì中zhōng,无wú作zuò聪cōng明míng乱luàn旧jiù章zhāng。汝rǔ为wéi政zhèng,当dāng安ān小xiǎo民mín之zhī居jū,成chéng小xiǎo民mín之zhī业yè,循xún用yòng大dà中zhōng之zhī道dào,无wú敢gǎn为wèi小xiǎo聪cōng明míng,作zuò异yì辩biàn,以yǐ变biàn乱luàn旧jiù典diǎn文wén章zhāng。详xiáng乃nǎi视shì听tīng,罔wǎng以yǐ侧cè言yán改gǎi厥jué度dù,则zé予yǔ一yī人rén汝rǔ嘉jiā。”详xiáng审shěn汝rǔ视shì听tīng,非fēi礼lǐ义yì勿wù视shì听tīng,无wú以yǐ邪xié巧qiǎo之zhī言yán易yì其qí常cháng度dù,必bì断duàn之zhī以yǐ义yì,则zé我wǒ一yī人rén善shàn汝rǔ矣yǐ。○度dù如rú字zì,注zhù同tóng。断duàn,丁dīng乱luàn反fǎn。王wáng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!小xiǎo子zi胡hú,汝rǔ往wǎng哉zāi!无wú荒huāng弃qì朕zhèn命mìng。”叹tàn而ér敕chì之zhī,欲yù其qí念niàn戒jiè:“小xiǎo子zi胡hú,汝rǔ往wǎng之zhī国guó哉zāi!无wú废fèi弃qì我wǒ命mìng。”欲yù其qí终zhōng身shēn奉fèng行xíng,后hòu世shì遵zūn则zé。 

[疏shū]“侯hóu于yú东dōng土tǔ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:此cǐ使shǐ之zhī为wèi诸zhū侯hóu于yú东dōng土tǔ尔ěr,不bù知zhī何hé爵jué也yě。《世shì家jiā》云yún:“蔡cài仲zhòng卒zú,子zi蔡cài伯bó荒huāng立lì。卒zú,子zi宫gōng侯hóu立lì。”自zì此cǐ已yǐ下xià遂suì皆jiē称chēng侯hóu,则zé蔡cài仲zhòng初chū封fēng即jí为wèi侯hóu也yě。“蔡cài伯bó荒huāng”者zhě,自zì称chēng其qí字zì,“伯bó”非fēi爵jué也yě。○传chuán“汝rǔ当dāng”至zhì“惟wéi孝xiào”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:忠zhōng施shī于yú君jūn,孝xiào施shī于yú父fù,子zi能néng盖gài父fù,惟wéi得dé为wèi孝xiào,而ér亦yì得dé为wèi忠zhōng者zhě,父fù以yǐ不bù忠zhōng获huò罪zuì,若ruò能néng改gǎi父fù之zhī行xíng,盖gài父fù之zhī愆qiān,是shì为wèi忠zhōng臣chén也yě。

成chéng王wáng东dōng伐fá淮huái夷yí,遂suì践jiàn奄yǎn,成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng,淮huái夷yí奄yǎn国guó又yòu叛pàn,王wáng亲qīn征zhēng之zhī,遂suì灭miè奄yǎn而ér徙xǐ之zhī,以yǐ其qí数shù反fǎn覆fù。○践jiàn,似shì浅qiǎn反fǎn,马mǎ同tóng,《大dà传chuán》云yún:“藉jí也yě。”数shù,色sè角jiǎo反fǎn。覆fù,芳fāng服fú反fǎn。作zuò《成chéng王wáng政zhèng》。为wèi平píng淮huái夷yí徙xǐ奄yǎn之zhī政zhèng令lìng。亡wáng。○政zhèng如rú字zì,马mǎ本běn作zuò征zhēng,云yún正zhèng。 

[疏shū]“成chéng王wáng东dōng”至zhì“王wáng政zhèng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu公gōng摄shè政zhèng之zhī初chū,奄yǎn与yǔ淮huái夷yí从cóng管guǎn蔡cài作zuò乱luàn,周zhōu公gōng征zhēng而ér定dìng之zhī。成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng之zhī初chū,淮huái夷yí与yǔ奄yǎn又yòu叛pàn,成chéng王wáng亲qīn往wǎng征zhēng之zhī。成chéng王wáng东dōng伐fá淮huái夷yí,遂suì践jiàn灭miè奄yǎn国guó。以yǐ其qí数shù叛pàn,徙xǐ奄yǎn民mín。作zuò诰gào命mìng之zhī辞cí,言yán平píng淮huái夷yí徙xǐ奄yǎn之zhī政zhèng令lìng。史shǐ叙xù其qí事shì,作zuò《成chéng王wáng政zhèng》之zhī篇piān。“成chéng”训xùn平píng也yě,言yán平píng此cǐ叛pàn逆nì之zhī民mín,以yǐ为wéi王wáng者zhě政zhèng令lìng,故gù以yǐ“成chéng王wáng政zhèng为wèi”篇piān名míng。○传chuán“成chéng王wáng”至zhì“反fǎn覆fù”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《洛luò诰gào》之zhī篇piān言yán周zhōu公gōng归guī政zhèng成chéng王wáng,《多duō士shì》已yǐ下xià皆jiē是shì成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng初chū事shì。编biān篇piān以yǐ先xiān后hòu为wèi次cì,此cǐ篇piān在zài成chéng王wáng书shū内nèi,知zhī是shì“成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng”,淮huái夷yí奄yǎn国guó又yòu叛pàn,王wáng亲qīn征zhēng之zhī”。又yòu案àn《洛luò诰gào》成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng,始shǐ封fēng伯bó禽qín。伯bó禽qín既jì为wèi鲁lǔ侯hóu,乃nǎi居jū曲qū阜fù。《费fèi誓shì》称chēng“鲁lǔ侯hóu伯bó禽qín宅zhái曲qū阜fù”,“淮huái夷yí、徐xú戎róng并bìng兴xīng”,鲁lǔ侯hóu征zhēng之zhī,作zuò《费fèi誓shì》。彼bǐ言yán淮huái夷yí并bìng兴xīng,即jí此cǐ“伐fá淮huái夷yí”。王wáng伐fá淮huái夷yí,鲁lǔ伐fá徐xú戎róng,是shì同tóng时shí伐fá,明míng是shì成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng之zhī年nián复fù重zhòng叛pàn也yě。郑zhèng玄xuán谓wèi此cǐ伐fá淮huái夷yí与yǔ践jiàn奄yǎn是shì摄shè政zhèng三sān年nián伐fá管guǎn蔡cài时shí事shì,其qí编biān篇piān于yú此cǐ,即jí云yún未wèi闻wén。《费fèi誓shì》之zhī篇piān言yán淮huái夷yí之zhī叛pàn,则zé是shì重zhòng叛pàn明míng矣yǐ。《多duō方fāng》之zhī篇piān责zé殷yīn臣chén云yún:“我wǒ惟wéi时shí其qí战zhàn要yào囚qiú之zhī,至zhì于yú再zài,至zhì于yú三sān。”若ruò武wǔ王wáng伐fá纣zhòu之zhī后hòu,惟wéi摄shè政zhèng三sān年nián之zhī一yī叛pàn,正zhèng可kě至zhì于yú再zài尔ěr,安ān得dé至zhì于yú三sān乎hū?故gù知zhī是shì成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng又yòu叛pàn也yě。郑zhèng玄xuán读dú“践jiàn”为wèi翦jiǎn,翦jiǎn灭miè也yě。孔kǒng不bù破pò字zì,盖gài以yǐ践jiàn其qí国guó即jí是shì践jiàn灭miè之zhī事shì,故gù孔kǒng以yǐ“践jiàn”为wèi灭miè也yě。下xià篇piān序xù云yún:“成chéng王wáng既jì践jiàn奄yǎn,将jiāng迁qiān其qí君jūn”,是shì灭miè其qí奄yǎn而ér徙xǐ之zhī,以yǐ其qí数shù反fǎn覆fù故gù也yě。

成chéng王wáng既jì践jiàn奄yǎn,将jiāng迁qiān其qí君jūn于yú蒲pú姑gū,已yǐ灭miè奄yǎn,而ér徙xǐ其qí君jūn及jí人rén臣chén之zhī恶è者zhě于yú蒲pú姑gū。蒲pú姑gū,齐qí地dì,近jìn中zhōng国guó,教jiào化huà之zhī。○蒲pú如rú字zì,徐xú又yòu扶fú各gè反fǎn,马mǎ本běn作zuò薄báo。近jìn,附fù近jìn之zhī近jìn。周zhōu公gōng告gào召zhào公gōng,作zuò《将jiāng蒲pú姑gū》。言yán将jiāng徙xǐ奄yǎn新xīn立lì之zhī君jūn于yú蒲pú姑gū,告gào召zhào公gōng使shǐ此cǐ册cè书shū告gào令lìng之zhī。亡wáng。 

[疏shū]“成chéng王wáng既jì”至zhì“作zuò蒲pú姑gū”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:成chéng王wáng既jì践jiàn灭miè奄yǎn国guó,将jiāng迁qiān其qí君jūn于yú蒲pú姑gū之zhī地dì,周zhōu公gōng告gào召zhào公gōng,使shǐ作zuò册cè书shū,言yán将jiāng迁qiān奄yǎn君jūn于yú蒲pú姑gū之zhī地dì。史shǐ叙xù其qí事shì,作zuò《将jiāng蒲pú姑gū》之zhī篇piān。○传chuán“已yǐ灭miè”至zhì“化huà之zhī”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:昭zhāo二èr十shí年nián《左zuǒ传zhuàn》晏yàn子zi云yún,古gǔ人rén居jū此cǐ地dì者zhě,有yǒu蒲pú姑gū氏shì。杜dù预yù云yún:“乐lè安ān博bó昌chāng县xiàn北běi有yǒu蒲pú姑gū城chéng。”是shì蒲pú姑gū为wèi齐qí地dì也yě。周zhōu公gōng迁qiān殷yīn顽wán民mín于yú成chéng周zhōu,近jìn京jīng师shī,教jiào化huà之zhī,知zhī今jīn迁qiān奄yǎn君jūn臣chén于yú蒲pú姑gū,为wèi“近jìn中zhōng国guó,教jiào化huà之zhī”。必bì如rú此cǐ言yán,则zé奄yǎn去qù中zhōng国guó远yuǎn于yú蒲pú姑gū。杜dù预yù云yún:“奄yǎn阙quē,不bù知zhī所suǒ在zài。”郑zhèng云yún“奄yǎn盖gài在zài淮huái夷yí之zhī地dì”,亦yì未wèi能néng详xiáng。成chéng王wáng先xiān伐fá淮huái夷yí,遂suì灭miè奄yǎn,奄yǎn似shì远yuǎn于yú淮huái夷yí也yě。○传chuán“言yán将jiāng”至zhì“之zhī亡wáng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《礼lǐ》天tiān子zi不bù灭miè国guó,诸zhū侯hóu有yǒu罪zuì,则zé杀shā其qí君jūn而ér择zé立lì次cì贤xián者zhě,故gù知zhī所suǒ徙xǐ者zhě言yán“将jiāng徙xǐ奄yǎn新xīn立lì之zhī君jūn于yú蒲pú姑gū”也yě。上shàng言yán周zhōu公gōng告gào召zhào公gōng,其qí篇piān既jì亡wáng,不bù知zhī告gào以yǐ何hé事shì。孔kǒng以yǐ意yì卜bo之zhī“告gào召zhào公gōng使shǐ为wèi此cǐ策cè书shū告gào令lìng之zhī”,不bù能néng知zhī其qí必bì然rán否fǒu也yě。


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卷juǎn十shí七qī 多duō方fāng第dì二èr十shí



成chéng王wáng归guī自zì奄yǎn,伐fá奄yǎn归guī。在zài宗zōng周zhōu,诰gào庶shù邦bāng,诰gào以yǐ祸huò福fú。作zuò《多duō方fāng》。 

多duō方fāng众zhòng方fāng天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu。 

惟wéi五wǔ月yuè丁dīng亥hài,王wáng来lái自zì奄yǎn,至zhì于yú宗zōng周zhōu。周zhōu公gōng归guī政zhèng之zhī明míng年nián,淮huái夷yí奄yǎn又yòu叛pàn。鲁lǔ征zhēng淮huái夷yí,作zuò《费fèi誓shì》。王wáng亲qīn征zhēng奄yǎn,灭miè其qí国guó,五wǔ月yuè还hái至zhì镐hào京jīng。○费fèi音yīn秘mì。 

[疏shū]“成chéng王wáng”至zhì“多duō方fāng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:成chéng王wáng归guī自zì伐fá奄yǎn,在zài于yú宗zōng周zhōu镐hào京jīng,诸zhū侯hóu以yǐ王wáng征zhēng还hái,皆jiē来lái朝cháo集jí,周zhōu公gōng称chēng王wáng命mìng,以yǐ祸huò福fú咸xián告gào天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu国guó。史shǐ叙xù其qí事shì,作zuò《多duō方fāng》。○传chuán“众zhòng方fāng天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:自zì武wǔ王wáng伐fá纣zhòu,及jí成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng,新xīn封fēng建jiàn者zhě甚shèn少shǎo。天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu多duō是shì殷yīn之zhī旧jiù国guó,其qí心xīn未wèi服fú周zhōu家jiā,由yóu是shì奄yǎn君jūn重zhòng叛pàn。今jīn因yīn灭miè奄yǎn新xīn归guī,故gù告gào天tiān下xià诸zhū侯hóu以yǐ兴xīng亡wáng之zhī戒jiè,欲yù令lìng其qí无wú二èr心xīn也yě。语yǔ虽suī普pǔ告gào天tiān下xià,意yì在zài殷yīn之zhī旧jiù国guó。篇piān末mò亦yì告gào殷yīn之zhī多duō士shì,独dú言yán“诸zhū侯hóu”者zhě,举jǔ其qí尊zūn者zhě,以yǐ其qí篇piān王wáng告gào殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu故gù也yě。○传chuán“周zhōu公gōng”至zhì“镐hào京jīng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:以yǐ《洛luò诰gào》言yán归guī政zhèng之zhī事shì,《多duō士shì》之zhī篇piān次cì之zhī,《多duō士shì》是shì归guī政zhèng明míng年nián之zhī事shì,故gù知zhī此cǐ篇piān亦yì归guī政zhèng明míng年nián之zhī事shì。事shì犹yóu不bù明míng,故gù取qǔ《费fèi誓shì》为wèi证zhèng。以yǐ《成chéng以yǐ政zhèng》之zhī序xù言yán“成chéng王wáng东dōng伐fá淮huái夷yí”,《费fèi誓shì》之zhī篇piān言yán“淮huái夷yí、徐xú戎róng并bìng兴xīng”,俱jù言yán“淮huái夷yí”,明míng是shì一yī事shì,故gù言yán“鲁lǔ征zhēng淮huái夷yí,作zuò《费fèi誓shì》,王wáng亲qīn征zhēng奄yǎn,灭miè其qí国guó”,以yǐ明míng二èr者zhě为wèi一yī时shí之zhī事shì也yě。上shàng序xù言yán“成chéng王wáng伐fá淮huái夷yí”,而ér此cǐ传chuán言yán“鲁lǔ征zhēng淮huái夷yí”者zhě,当dāng时shí淮huái夷yí徐xú戎róng并bìng起qǐ为wèi乱luàn,鲁lǔ与yǔ二èr国guó相xiāng近jìn,发fā意yì欲yù并bìng征zhēng二èr国guó,故gù以yǐ二èr国guó誓shì众zhòng,但dàn成chéng王wáng恐kǒng鲁lǔ不bù能néng独dú平píng二èr国guó,故gù复fù亲qīn往wǎng征zhēng之zhī,所suǒ以yǐ《成chéng王wáng政zhèng》之zhī序xù与yǔ《费fèi誓shì》之zhī经jīng并bìng言yán“淮huái夷yí”,为wèi此cǐ故gù也yě。传chuán言yán“五wǔ月yuè还hái至zhì镐hào京jīng”,明míng此cǐ“宗zōng周zhōu”即jí镐hào京jīng也yě。《礼lǐ记jì·祭jì统tǒng》卫wèi孔kǒng悝kuī之zhī鼎dǐng铭míng云yún“即jí宫gōng于yú宗zōng周zhōu”,彼bǐ“宗zōng周zhōu”谓wèi洛luò邑yì也yě。是shì洛luò邑yì亦yì名míng宗zōng周zhōu,知zhī此cǐ是shì镐hào京jīng者zhě,成chéng王wáng以yǐ周zhōu公gōng归guī政zhèng之zhī时shí,暂zàn至zhì洛luò邑yì,还hái归guī处chù西xī都dōu,镐hào京jīng是shì王wáng常cháng居jū,知zhī“至zhì于yú宗zōng周zhōu”,至zhì镐hào京jīng也yě。且qiě此cǐ与yǔ《周zhōu官guān》同tóng时shí事shì也yě,《周zhōu官guān》序xù云yún“还hái归guī在zài丰fēng”,经jīng云yún“归guī于yú宗zōng周zhōu”,丰fēng、镐gǎo相xiāng近jìn,即jí此cǐ“宗zōng周zhōu”是shì镐hào京jīng也yě。周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:“王wáng若ruò曰yuē,猷yóu告gào尔ěr四sì国guó多duō方fāng。周zhōu公gōng以yǐ王wáng命mìng顺shùn大dà道dào,告gào四sì方fāng。称chēng周zhōu公gōng,以yǐ别bié王wáng自zì告gào。○别bié,彼bǐ列liè反fǎn。惟wéi尔ěr殷yīn侯hóu尹yǐn民mín,我wǒ惟wéi大dà降jiàng尔ěr命mìng,尔ěr罔wǎng不bù知zhī。殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu王wáng民mín者zhě,我wǒ大dà降jiàng汝rǔ命mìng,谓wèi诛zhū纣zhòu也yě。言yán天tiān下xià无wú不bù知zhī纣zhòu暴bào虐nüè以yǐ取qǔ亡wáng。 

[疏shū]“周zhōu公gōng”至zhì“不bù知zhī”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu公gōng以yǐ成chéng王wáng之zhī意yì告gào众zhòng方fāng之zhī诸zhū侯hóu曰yuē:“我wǒ王wáng顺shùn大dà道dào以yǐ告gào汝rǔ四sì方fāng之zhī国guó多duō方fāng诸zhū侯hóu,惟wéi尔ěr殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu正zhèng民mín者zhě,我wǒ武wǔ王wáng大dà下xià汝rǔ天tiān下xià民mín命mìng,诛zhū杀shā虐nüè纣zhòu。汝rǔ诸zhū侯hóu天tiān下xià之zhī民mín,无wú有yǒu不bù知zhī纣zhòu以yǐ暴bào虐nüè取qǔ亡wáng。”欲yù令lìng其qí思sī念niàn之zhī。○传chuán“周zhōu公gōng”至zhì“自zì告gào”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:成chéng王wáng新xīn始shǐ即jí政zhèng,周zhōu公gōng留liú而ér辅fǔ之zhī。周zhōu公gōng以yǐ王wáng命mìng告gào令lìng诸zhū侯hóu,所suǒ告gào实shí非fēi王wáng言yán,故gù加jiā“周zhōu公gōng曰yuē”于yú“王wáng若ruò曰yuē”之zhī上shàng,以yǐ明míng周zhōu公gōng宣xuān成chéng王wáng之zhī意yì也yě。“猷yóu”,道dào也yě,周zhōu公gōng以yǐ王wáng命mìng顺shùn大dà道dào告gào四sì方fāng也yě。既jì言yán“四sì国guó”,又yòu言yán“多duō方fāng”,见jiàn四sì方fāng国guó多duō也yě。不bù直zhí言yán“王wáng曰yuē”,称chēng“周zhōu公gōng”,以yǐ别bié王wáng自zì告gào也yě。王wáng肃sù云yún:“周zhōu公gōng摄shè政zhèng,称chēng成chéng王wáng命mìng以yǐ告gào。及jí还hái政zhèng,称chēng‘王wáng曰yuē’嫌xián自zì成chéng王wáng辞cí,故gù加jiā‘周zhōu公gōng’以yǐ明míng之zhī。”然rán《多duō士shì》之zhī篇piān“王wáng若ruò曰yuē”之zhī上shàng不bù加jiā“周zhōu公gōng曰yuē”者zhě,以yǐ彼bǐ上shàng句jù云yún“周zhōu公gōng初chū于yú新xīn邑yì洛luò,用yòng告gào”,知zhī是shì周zhōu公gōng故gù也yě。○传chuán“殷yīn之zhī”至zhì“取qǔ亡wáng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:诸zhū侯hóu为wèi民mín之zhī主zhǔ,民mín所suǒ取qǔ正zhèng,故gù谓wèi之zhī“正zhèng民mín”。民mín以yǐ君jūn为wèi命mìng,死sǐ生shēng在zài君jūn,天tiān下xià之zhī命mìng,在zài于yú一yī人rén纣zhòu,言yán我wǒ大dà黜chù下xià汝rǔ之zhī民mín命mìng,正zhèng谓wèi武wǔ王wáng诛zhū纣zhòu也yě。言yán天tiān下xià无wú不bù知zhī纣zhòu以yǐ暴bào虐nüè取qǔ亡wáng,欲yù使shǐ思sī念niàn之zhī,令lìng其qí心xīn弃qì殷yīn而ér慕mù周zhōu也yě。

洪hóng惟wéi图tú天tiān之zhī命mìng,弗fú永yǒng寅yín念niàn于yú祀sì,惟wéi帝dì降jiàng格gé于yú夏xià。大dà惟wéi为wèi王wáng谋móu天tiān之zhī命mìng,不bù长zhǎng敬jìng念niàn于yú祭jì祀sì。谓wèi夏xià桀jié。惟wéi天tiān下xià至zhì戒jiè于yú夏xià以yǐ谴qiǎn告gào之zhī。谓wèi灾zāi异yì。○谴qiǎn,弃qì浅qiǎn反fǎn。有yǒu夏xià诞dàn厥jué逸yì,不bù肯kěn戚qī言yán于yú民mín,有yǒu夏xià桀jié不bù畏wèi天tiān戒jiè而ér大dà其qí逸yì豫yù,不bù肯kěn忧yōu言yán于yú民mín。无wú忧yōu民mín之zhī言yán。乃nǎi大dà淫yín昏hūn,不bù克kè终zhōng日rì劝quàn于yú帝dì之zhī迪dí,言yán桀jié乃nǎi大dà为wèi过guò昏hūn之zhī行xíng,不bù能néng终zhōng日rì劝quàn于yú天tiān之zhī道dào。○迪dí,徒tú历lì反fǎn,马mǎ本běn作zuò攸yōu,云yún:“所suǒ也yě。”行xíng,下xià孟mèng反fǎn。乃nǎi尔ěr攸yōu闻wén。言yán桀jié之zhī恶è乃nǎi汝rǔ所suǒ闻wén。 

[疏shū]“洪hóng惟wéi”至zhì“攸yōu闻wén”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:以yǐ诸zhū侯hóu心xīn未wèi服fú周zhōu,故gù举jǔ夏xià殷yīn为wèi戒jiè。此cǐ章zhāng皆jiē说shuō桀jié亡wáng汤tāng兴xīng之zhī事shì,言yán夏xià桀jié大dà惟wéi居jū天tiān子zi之zhī位wèi,谋móu上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,而ér不bù能néng长zhǎng敬jìng念niàn于yú祭jì祀sì,惟wéi天tiān下xià至zhì戒jiè于yú夏xià桀jié。谓wèi下xià灾zāi异yì谴qiǎn告gào之zhī,冀jì其qí见jiàn灾zāi而ér惧jù,改gǎi脩xiū政zhèng德dé。而ér有yǒu夏xià桀jié不bù畏wèi天tiān命mìng,乃nǎi大dà其qí逸yì豫yù,不bù肯kěn忧yōu言yán于yú民mín,惟wéi乃nǎi自zì乐lè其qí身shēn,无wú忧yōu民mín之zhī言yán。夏xià桀jié乃nǎi复fù大dà为wèi淫yín昏hūn之zhī行xíng,不bù能néng终zhōng竟jìng一yī日rì勉miǎn于yú天tiān之zhī道dào。言yán不bù能néng一yī日rì行xíng天tiān道dào也yě。桀jié之zhī此cǐ恶è,乃nǎi是shì汝rǔ之zhī所suǒ闻wén。言yán不bù虚xū也yě。○传chuán“大dà惟wéi”至zhì“灾zāi异yì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,去qù恶è与yǔ善shàn,凡fán为wèi民mín主zhǔ,皆jiē当dāng谋móu之zhī。恐kǒng天tiān舍shě己jǐ而ér去qù,常cháng须xū敬jìng念niàn祭jì祀sì。天tiān所suǒ谴qiǎn告gào,谓wèi下xià灾zāi异yì。天tiān不bù言yán,故gù下xià灾zāi异yì以yǐ谴qiǎn告gào,责zé人rén主zhǔ,冀jì自zì脩xiū政zhèng也yě。

厥jué图tú帝dì之zhī命mìng,不bù克kè开kāi于yú民mín之zhī丽lì。桀jié其qí谋móu天tiān之zhī命mìng,不bù能néng开kāi于yú民mín所suǒ施shī政zhèng教jiào。丽lì,施shī也yě。言yán昏hūn昧mèi。○丽lì,力lì驰chí反fǎn。乃nǎi大dà降jiàng罚fá,崇chóng乱luàn有yǒu夏xià,因yīn甲jiǎ于yú内nèi乱luàn。桀jié乃nǎi大dà下xià罚fá于yú民mín,重zhòng乱luàn有yǒu夏xià。言yán残cán虐nüè。外wài不bù忧yōu民mín,内nèi不bù勤qín德dé,因yīn甲jiǎ于yú二èr乱luàn之zhī内nèi。言yán昏hūn甚shèn。○重zhòng,直zhí用yòng反fǎn,又yòu直zhí龙lóng反fǎn。不bù克kè灵líng承chéng于yú旅lǚ,罔wǎng丕pī惟wéi进jìn之zhī恭gōng,洪hóng舒shū于yú民mín。言yán桀jié不bù能néng善shàn奉fèng于yú人rén众zhòng,无wú大dà惟wéi进jìn恭gōng德dé,而ér大dà舒shū惰duò于yú治zhì民mín。亦yì惟wéi有yǒu夏xià之zhī民mín叨dāo懫zhì,日rì钦qīn劓yì割gē夏xià邑yì。桀jié洪hóng舒shū于yú民mín,故gù亦yì惟wéi有yǒu夏xià之zhī民mín贪tān叨dāo忿fèn懫zhì而ér逆nì命mìng,于yú是shì桀jié民mín尊zūn敬jìng其qí能néng劓yì割gē夏xià邑yì者zhě。谓wèi残cán贼zéi臣chén。○懫zhì,敕chì二èr反fǎn。劓yì,鱼yú器qì反fǎn。 

[疏shū]“厥jué图tú”至zhì“夏xià邑yì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:又yòu言yán桀jié恶è。桀jié其qí谋móu天tiān之zhī命mìng,不bù能néng开kāi发fā于yú民mín之zhī所suǒ施shī政zhèng教jiào。正zhèng谓wèi不bù能néng开kāi发fā善shàn政zhèng,以yǐ施shī于yú民mín。桀jié乃nǎi大dà下xià罪zuì罚fá于yú民mín,重zhòng乱luàn有yǒu夏xià之zhī国guó。外wài不bù忧yōu民mín,内nèi不bù勤qín德dé,因yīn复fù甲jiǎ于yú二èr者zhě之zhī内nèi,为wèi乱luàn之zhī行xíng。桀jié不bù能néng以yǐ善shàn道dào奉fèng承chéng于yú众zhòng民mín,无wú大dà惟wéi进jìn之zhī恭gōng德dé,而ér大dà舒shū惰duò于yú民mín。言yán桀jié不bù能néng进jìn行xíng恭gōng德dé,而ér舒shū惰duò于yú治zhì民mín。桀jié既jì舒shū惰duò于yú民mín,故gù亦yì惟wéi有yǒu夏xià之zhī民mín贪tān饕tāo忿fèn懫zhì而ér违wéi逆nì桀jié命mìng,于yú是shì桀jié日rì日rì尊zūn敬jìng残cán贼zéi之zhī臣chén能néng劓yì割gē夏xià邑yì者zhě,任rèn用yòng之zhī,使shǐ威wēi服fú下xià民mín也yě。○传chuán“桀jié乃nǎi”至zhì“昏hūn甚shèn”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《释shì诂gǔ》云yún:“崇chóng,重zhòng也yě。”桀jié既jì为wèi恶è政zhèng,无wú以yǐ悛quān改gǎi,乃nǎi复fù大dà下xià罪zuì罚fá于yú民mín,重zhòng乱luàn有yǒu夏xià之zhī国guó。言yán其qí残cán虐nüè大dà也yě。“夹jiā”声shēng近jìn“甲jiǎ”,古gǔ人rén“甲jiǎ”与yǔ“夹jiā”通tōng用yòng。夹jiā于yú二èr事shì之zhī内nèi,而ér为wèi乱luàn行xíng,故gù传chuán以yǐ二èr事shì充chōng之zhī。外wài不bù忧yōu民mín,内nèi不bù勤qín德dé,桀jié身shēn夹jiā于yú二èr乱luàn之zhī内nèi,言yán其qí昏hūn暗àn甚shèn也yě。郑zhèng、王wáng皆jiē以yǐ“甲jiǎ”为wèi狎xiá,王wáng云yún:“狎xiá习xí灾zāi异yì于yú内nèi外wài为wèi祸huò乱luàn。”郑zhèng云yún:“习xí为wèi鸟niǎo兽shòu之zhī行xíng于yú内nèi为wèi淫yín乱luàn。”与yǔ孔kǒng异yì也yě。○传chuán“言yán桀jié”至zhì“治zhì民mín”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:民mín当dāng奉fèng王wáng,而ér责zé桀jié不bù能néng善shàn奉fèng于yú民mín众zhòng者zhě,君jūn之zhī奉fèng民mín,谓wèi设shè美měi政zhèng于yú民mín也yě。以yǐ善shàn奉fèng民mín,当dāng敬jìng以yǐ循xún之zhī,不bù敢gǎn懈xiè惰duò。桀jié乃nǎi无wú大dà惟wéi进jìn于yú恭gōng德dé,而ér大dà舒shū缓huǎn懈xiè惰duò于yú治zhì民mín,令lìng民mín益yì困kùn,而ér政zhèng益yì乱luàn也yě。○传chuán“桀jié洪hóng”至zhì“贼zéi臣chén”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:《礼lǐ记jì》云yún:“言yán悖bèi而ér出chū,亦yì悖bèi而ér入rù。”桀jié既jì不bù忧yōu于yú民mín,故gù民mín亦yì违wéi逆nì桀jié命mìng,为wèi贪tān饕tāo忿fèn懫zhì之zhī行xíng。文wén十shí八bā年nián《左zuǒ传zhuàn》云yún:“缙jìn云yún氏shì有yǒu不bù才cái子zi,贪tān于yú饮yǐn食shí,冒mào于yú货huò贿huì,天tiān下xià之zhī民mín谓wèi之zhī饕tāo餮tiè。”说shuō者zhě皆jiē言yán贪tān财cái为wèi饕tāo,贪tān食shí为wèi餮tiè。“饕tāo”即jí“叨dāo”也yě,叨dāo餮tiè谓wèi贪tān财cái贪tān食shí也yě。“忿fèn懫zhì”言yán忿fèn怒nù违wéi理lǐ也yě。民mín既jì如rú此cǐ,桀jié无wú如rú之zhī何hé,惟wéi日rì日rì尊zūn敬jìng其qí能néng劓yì割gē夏xià邑yì者zhě,谓wèi性xìng能néng残cán贼zéi者zhě,任rèn用yòng之zhī。天tiān惟wéi时shí求qiú民mín主zhǔ,乃nǎi大dà降jiàng显xiǎn休xiū命mìng于yú成chéng汤tāng,天tiān惟wéi是shì桀jié恶è,故gù更gèng求qiú民mín主zhǔ以yǐ代dài之zhī,大dà下xià明míng美měi之zhī命mìng于yú成chéng汤tāng,使shǐ王wàng天tiān下xià。刑xíng殄tiǎn有yǒu夏xià,惟wéi天tiān不bù畀bì纯chún。命mìng汤tāng刑xíng绝jué有yǒu夏xià,惟wéi天tiān不bù与yǔ桀jié,亦yì已yǐ大dà。○畀bì,必bì二èr反fǎn。乃nǎi惟wéi以yǐ尔ěr多duō方fāng之zhī义yì民mín,不bù克kè永yǒng于yú多duō享xiǎng。天tiān所suǒ以yǐ不bù与yǔ桀jié,以yǐ其qí乃nǎi惟wéi用yòng汝rǔ多duō方fāng之zhī义yì民mín为wèi臣chén,而ér不bù能néng长cháng久jiǔ多duō享xiǎng国guó故gù。惟wéi夏xià之zhī恭gōng多duō士shì,大dà不bù克kè明míng保bǎo享xiǎng于yú民mín,惟wéi桀jié之zhī所suǒ谓wèi恭gōng人rén众zhòng士shì,大dà不bù能néng明míng安ān享xiǎng于yú民mín。言yán乱luàn主zhǔ所suǒ任rèn,任rèn同tóng己jǐ者zhě。乃nǎi胥xū惟wéi虐nüè于yú民mín,至zhì于yú百bǎi为wèi,大dà不bù克kè开kāi。桀jié之zhī众zhòng士shì,乃nǎi相xiāng与yǔ惟wéi暴bào虐nüè于yú民mín,至zhì于yú百bǎi端duān所suǒ为wèi。言yán虐nüè非fēi一yī。大dà不bù能néng开kāi民mín以yǐ善shàn。言yán与yǔ桀jié合hé志zhì。 

[疏shū]“天tiān惟wéi”至zhì“克kè开kāi”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:天tiān惟wéi桀jié恶è之zhī故gù,更gèng求qiú民mín主zhǔ以yǐ代dài。天tiān乃nǎi大dà下xià明míng美měi之zhī命mìng于yú成chéng汤tāng,使shǐ之zhī代dài桀jié王wàng天tiān下xià。乃nǎi命mìng汤tāng施shī刑xíng罚fá绝jué有yǒu夏xià,惟wéi天tiān不bù与yǔ夏xià桀jié,亦yì已yǐ大dà矣yǐ。天tiān所suǒ不bù与yǔ之zhī者zhě,乃nǎi惟wéi此cǐ桀jié用yòng汝rǔ多duō方fāng之zhī义yì民mín为wèi臣chén,而ér不bù能néng长cháng久jiǔ于yú多duō享xiǎng国guó故gù也yě。义yì民mín实shí贤xián人rén也yě,夏xià桀jié不bù用yòng。惟wéi夏xià桀jié之zhī所suǒ谓wèi恭gōng人rén众zhòng士shì者zhě,大dà不bù能néng用yòng明míng道dào安ān存cún享xiǎng于yú众zhòng民mín,乃nǎi相xiāng与yǔ惟wéi行xíng暴bào虐nüè于yú民mín,至zhì于yú百bǎi端duān所suǒ为wèi。言yán虐nüè无wú所suǒ不bù作zuò。大dà不bù能néng开kāi民mín以yǐ善shàn,其qí臣chén与yǔ桀jié同tóng恶è,夏xià家jiā所suǒ以yǐ灭miè亡wáng也yě。○传chuán“惟wéi桀jié”至zhì“己jǐ者zhě”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:惟wéi桀jié之zhī所suǒ谓wèi恭gōng人rén众zhòng士shì,实shí非fēi恭gōng人rén。乱luàn主zhǔ所suǒ好hǎo,好hǎo用yòng同tóng己jǐ者zhě,以yǐ其qí同tóng己jǐ,谓wèi之zhī为wèi恭gōng人rén,实shí非fēi善shàn人rén,故gù不bù能néng明míng享xiǎng于yú民mín。杜dù预yù训xùn“享xiǎng”为wèi受shòu,受shòu国guó者zhě谓wèi受shòu而ér有yǒu之zhī。此cǐ言yán不bù能néng安ān享xiǎng于yú民mín,谓wèi不bù能néng安ān存cún享xiǎng受shòu于yú民mín众zhòng也yě。

乃nǎi惟wéi成chéng汤tāng,克kè以yǐ尔ěr多duō方fāng,简jiǎn代dài夏xià作zuò民mín主zhǔ。乃nǎi惟wéi成chéng汤tāng,能néng用yòng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī贤xián,大dà代dài夏xià政zhèng,为wèi天tiān下xià民mín主zhǔ。慎shèn厥jué丽lì乃nǎi劝quàn,厥jué民mín刑xíng用yòng劝quàn。汤tāng慎shèn其qí施shī政zhèng于yú民mín,民mín乃nǎi劝quàn善shàn。其qí人rén虽suī刑xíng,亦yì用yòng劝quàn善shàn。言yán政zhèng刑xíng清qīng。以yǐ至zhì于yú帝dì乙yǐ,罔wǎng不bù明míng德dé慎shèn罚fá,亦yì克kè用yòng劝quàn。言yán自zì汤tāng至zhì于yú帝dì乙yǐ,皆jiē能néng成chéng其qí王wáng道dào,长zhǎng慎shèn辅fǔ相xiàng,无wú不bù明míng有yǒu德dé,慎shèn去qù刑xíng罚fá,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn善shàn。○相xiāng,息xī亮liàng反fǎn。去qù,羌qiāng吕lǚ反fǎn。要yào囚qiú,殄tiǎn戮lù多duō罪zuì,亦yì克kè用yòng劝quàn。开kāi释shì无wú辜gū,亦yì克kè用yòng劝quàn。帝dì乙yǐ已yǐ上shàng,要yào察chá囚qiú情qíng,绝jué戮lù众zhòng罪zuì,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn善shàn。开kāi放fàng无wú罪zuì之zhī人rén,必bì无wú枉wǎng纵zòng,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn善shàn。○要yào,一yī遥yáo反fǎn,又yòu一yī妙miào反fǎn,注zhù同tóng。殄tiǎn,亭tíng遍biàn反fǎn。上shàng,时shí掌zhǎng反fǎn。今jīn至zhì于yú尔ěr辟pì,弗fú克kè以yǐ尔ěr多duō方fāng,享xiǎng天tiān之zhī命mìng。今jīn至zhì于yú汝rǔ君jūn,谓wèi纣zhòu,不bù能néng用yòng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng,享xiǎng天tiān之zhī命mìng,故gù诛zhū灭miè之zhī。○辟pì,必bì亦yì反fǎn。 

[疏shū]“乃nǎi惟wéi”至zhì“之zhī命mìng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:桀jié残cán虐nüè于yú民mín,乃nǎi惟wéi成chéng汤tāng,能néng用yòng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī贤xián人rén,大dà代dài夏xià桀jié,作zuò天tiān下xià民mín主zhǔ。慎shèn其qí所suǒ施shī政zhèng教jiào于yú民mín,民mín乃nǎi劝quàn勉miǎn为wèi善shàn。其qí民mín虽suī被bèi刑xíng杀shā,亦yì用yòng劝quàn勉miǎn为wèi善shàn。非fēi徒tú汤tāng圣shèng,后hòu世shì亦yì贤xián。自zì汤tāng至zhì于yú帝dì乙yǐ,皆jiē能néng成chéng其qí王wáng道dào,无wú不bù显xiǎn用yòng有yǒu德dé,畏wèi慎shèn刑xíng罚fá,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn勉miǎn为wèi善shàn。要yào察chá囚qiú情qíng,绝jué戮lù众zhòng罪zuì,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn勉miǎn为wèi善shàn。开kāi放fàng无wú罪zuì,亦yì能néng用yòng劝quàn勉miǎn为wèi善shàn。今jīn至zhì于yú汝rǔ君jūn纣zhòu,反fǎn先xiān王wáng之zhī道dào,不bù能néng用yòng汝rǔ多duō方fāng之zhī民mín,享xiǎng有yǒu上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,由yóu此cǐ故gù被bèi诛zhū灭miè。汝rǔ等děng宜yí当dāng知zhī之zhī,不bù当dàng更gèng令lìng如rú殷yīn也yě。○传chuán“乃nǎi惟wéi”至zhì“民mín主zhǔ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“大dà代dài夏xià”者zhě,言yán天tiān位wèi之zhī重zhòng,汤tāng能néng代dài之zhī,谓wèi之zhī“大dà代dài夏xià”也yě。王wáng肃sù云yún:“以yǐ大dà道dào代dài夏xià为wèi民mín主zhǔ。”○传chuán“汤tāng慎shèn”至zhì“刑xíng清qīng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“慎shèn厥jué丽lì”者zhě,总zǒng谓wèi施shī政zhèng教jiào尔ěr。但dàn下xià句jù言yán“刑xíng用yòng劝quàn”,劝quàn用yòng刑xíng则zé厥jué丽lì之zhī言yán有yǒu赏shǎng,赏shǎng谓wèi赏shǎng用yòng劝quàn也yě。但dàn所suǒ施shī政zhèng教jiào,其qí事shì既jì多duō,非fēi徒tú刑xíng赏shǎng而ér已yǐ。举jǔ事shì得dé中zhōng,民mín皆jiē劝quàn也yě。政zhèng无wú失shī,刑xíng无wú滥làn,民mín以yǐ是shì劝quàn善shàn。言yán政zhèng刑xíng清qīng。○传chuán“帝dì乙yǐ”至zhì“劝quàn善shàn”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:将jiāng欲yù断duàn罪zuì,必bì受shòu其qí要yào辞cí,察chá其qí虚xū实shí,故gù言yán“要yào囚qiú”也yě。“殄tiǎn戮lù多duō罪zuì”,罪zuì者zhě不bù滥làn。开kāi释shì无wú罪zuì者zhě,不bù枉wǎng杀shā人rén,不bù纵zòng有yǒu罪zuì,亦yì是shì政zhèng刑xíng清qīng,故gù能néng用yòng劝quàn善shàn也yě。

“呜wū呼hū!王wáng若ruò曰yuē,诰gào告gào尔ěr多duō方fāng,非fēi天tiān庸yōng释shì有yǒu夏xià,叹tàn而ér顺shùn其qí事shì以yǐ告gào汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng,非fēi天tiān用yòng释shì弃qì桀jié,桀jié纵zòng恶è自zì弃qì,故gù诛zhū放fàng。非fēi天tiān庸yōng释shì有yǒu殷yīn,乃nǎi惟wéi尔ěr辟pì,以yǐ尔ěr多duō方fāng,大dà淫yín图tú天tiān之zhī命mìng,屑xiè有yǒu辞cí。非fēi天tiān用yòng弃qì有yǒu殷yīn,乃nǎi惟wéi汝rǔ君jūn纣zhòu,用yòng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng大dà为wèi过guò恶è者zhě,共gòng谋móu天tiān之zhī命mìng,恶è事shì尽jǐn有yǒu辞cí说shuō,布bù在zài天tiān下xià,故gù见jiàn诛zhū灭miè也yě。 

[疏shū]“呜wū呼hū”至zhì“有yǒu辞cí”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu公gōng先xiān自zì叹tàn,而ér复fù称chēng王wáng命mìng云yún:“王wáng顺shùn其qí事shì而ér言yán曰yuē,以yǐ言yán告gào人rén谓wèi之zhī诰gào,我wǒ告gào汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng诸zhū侯hóu,非fēi天tiān用yòng废fèi有yǒu夏xià,夏xià桀jié纵zòng恶è自zì弃qì也yě。非fēi天tiān用yòng废fèi有yǒu殷yīn,殷yīn纣zhòu纵zòng恶è自zì弃qì也yě。”又yòu指zhǐ说shuō纣zhòu恶è:“乃nǎi惟wéi汝rǔ君jūn殷yīn纣zhòu,用yòng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī民mín大dà为wèi过guò恶è者zhě,共gòng此cǐ恶è人rén,谋móu天tiān之zhī命mìng。其qí恶è事shì尽jǐn有yǒu辞cí说shuō,布bù在zài天tiān下xià,以yǐ此cǐ故gù见jiàn诛zhū灭miè。”乃nǎi惟wéi有yǒu夏xià图tú厥jué政zhèng,不bù集jí于yú享xiǎng,天tiān降jiàng时shí丧sàng,有yǒu邦bāng间jiān之zhī。更gèng说shuō桀jié也yě。言yán桀jié谋móu其qí政zhèng,不bù成chéng于yú享xiǎng,故gù天tiān下xià是shì丧sàng亡wáng以yǐ祸huò之zhī,使shǐ天tiān下xià有yǒu国guó圣shèng人rén代dài之zhī。言yán有yǒu国guó,明míng皇huáng天tiān无wú亲qīn,佑yòu有yǒu德dé。○间jiān,间jiān厕cè之zhī间jiān。 

[疏shū]“乃nǎi惟wéi”至zhì“间jiān之zhī”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:更gèng说shuō桀jié亡wáng之zhī由yóu,乃nǎi惟wéi有yǒu夏xià桀jié谋móu其qí政zhèng,不bù能néng成chéng于yú享xiǎng国guó,所suǒ谋móu皆jiē是shì恶è事shì,故gù天tiān下xià是shì丧sàng亡wáng以yǐ祸huò之zhī,使shǐ有yǒu国guó圣shèng人rén来lái代dài之zhī。言yán皇huáng天tiān无wú亲qīn,惟wéi佑yòu有yǒu德dé,故gù以yǐ圣shèng君jūn代dài暗àn主zhǔ也yě。汤tāng是shì夏xià之zhī诸zhū侯hóu,故gù云yún“有yǒu国guó”。

乃nǎi惟wéi尔ěr商shāng后hòu王wáng,逸yì厥jué逸yì,后hòu王wáng纣zhòu逸yì豫yù其qí过guò逸yì。言yán纵zòng恣zì无wú度dù。图tú厥jué政zhèng,不bù蠲juān烝zhēng,天tiān惟wéi降jiàng时shí丧sàng。纣zhòu谋móu其qí政zhèng,不bù洁jié进jìn于yú善shàn,故gù天tiān惟wéi下xià是shì丧sàng亡wáng。谓wèi诛zhū灭miè。○蠲juān,吉jí玄xuán反fǎn,马mǎ云yún:“明míng也yě。”一yī音yīn圭guī。烝zhēng,绝jué句jù,之zhī承chéng反fǎn,马mǎ云yún:“升shēng也yě。”惟wéi圣shèng罔wǎng念niàn作zuò狂kuáng,惟wéi狂kuáng克kè念niàn作zuò圣shèng。惟wéi圣shèng人rén无wú念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi狂kuáng人rén。惟wéi狂kuáng人rén能néng念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi圣shèng人rén。言yán桀jié纣zhòu非fēi实shí狂kuáng愚yú,以yǐ不bù念niàn善shàn,故gù灭miè亡wáng。天tiān惟wéi五wǔ年nián,须xū暇xiá之zhī子zǐ孙sūn,诞dàn作zuò民mín主zhǔ,罔wǎng可kě念niàn听tīng。天tiān以yǐ汤tāng故gù,五wǔ年nián须xū暇xiá汤tāng之zhī子zǐ孙sūn,冀jì其qí改gǎi悔huǐ。而ér纣zhòu大dà为wèi民mín主zhǔ,肆sì行xíng无wú道dào,事shì无wú可kě念niàn,言yán无wú可kě听tīng。武wǔ王wáng服fú丧sāng三sān年nián,还hái师shī二èr年nián。 

[疏shū]“乃nǎi惟wéi”至zhì“念niàn听tīng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:更gèng说shuō纣zhòu亡wáng之zhī由yóu。乃nǎi惟wéi汝rǔ商shāng之zhī后hòu王wáng纣zhòu,逸yì豫yù其qí过guò,纵zòng恣zì无wú度dù。纣zhòu谋móu其qí为wéi政zhèng,不bù能néng洁jié进jìn于yú善shàn,惟wéi行xíng恶è事shì,天tiān惟wéi下xià是shì丧sàng亡wáng以yǐ祸huò之zhī。惟wéi圣shèng人rén无wú念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi狂kuáng人rén。惟wéi狂kuáng人rén能néng念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi圣shèng人rén。纣zhòu虽suī狂kuáng愚yú,冀jì其qí念niàn善shàn也yě。计jì纣zhòu为wèi恶è,早zǎo应yīng诛zhū灭miè,天tiān惟wéi以yǐ成chéng汤tāng之zhī故gù,故gù积jī五wǔ年nián须xū待dài闲xián暇xiá汤tāng之zhī子zǐ孙sūn。诞dàn缓huǎn多duō年nián,冀jì其qí改gǎi悔huǐ。而ér纣zhòu大dà为wèi民mín主zhǔ,肆sì行xíng无wú道dào,事shì无wú可kě念niàn,言yán无wú可kě听tīng,由yóu是shì天tiān始shǐ改gǎi意yì,故gù诛zhū灭miè之zhī。○传chuán“惟wéi圣shèng”至zhì“灭miè亡wáng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“圣shèng”者zhě上shàng智zhì之zhī名míng,“狂kuáng”者zhě下xià愚yú之zhī称chēng。孔kǒng子zi曰yuē:“惟wéi上shàng智zhì与yǔ下xià愚yú不bù移yí。”是shì圣shèng必bì不bù可kě为wèi狂kuáng,狂kuáng必bì不bù能néng为wèi圣shèng,此cǐ事shì决jué矣yǐ。而ér此cǐ言yán“惟wéi圣shèng人rén无wú念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi狂kuáng人rén。惟wéi狂kuáng人rén能néng念niàn于yú善shàn,则zé为wèi圣shèng人rén”者zhě,方fāng言yán天tiān须xū暇xiá于yú纣zhòu,冀jì其qí改gǎi悔huǐ,说shuō有yǒu此cǐ理lǐ尔ěr,不bù言yán此cǐ事shì是shì实shí也yě。谓wèi之zhī为wèi圣shèng,宁nìng肯kěn无wú念niàn于yú善shàn?已yǐ名míng为wèi狂kuáng,岂qǐ能néng念niàn善shàn?中zhōng人rén念niàn与yǔ不bù念niàn,其qí实shí少shǎo有yǒu所suǒ移yí,欲yù见jiàn念niàn善shàn有yǒu益yì,故gù举jǔ狂kuáng圣shèng极jí善shàn恶è者zhě言yán之zhī。○传chuán“天tiān以yǐ”至zhì“二èr年nián”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:汤tāng是shì创chuàng业yè圣shèng王wáng,理lǐ当dāng祚zuò胤yìn长cháng远yuǎn。计jì纣zhòu未wèi死sǐ五wǔ年nián之zhī前qián,已yǐ合hé丧sàng灭miè,但dàn纣zhòu是shì汤tāng之zhī子zǐ孙sūn,天tiān以yǐ汤tāng圣shèng人rén之zhī故gù,故gù五wǔ年nián须xū待dài闲xián暇xiá汤tāng之zhī子zǐ孙sūn,冀jì其qí改gǎi悔huǐ,能néng念niàn善shàn道dào。而ér纣zhòu大dà为wèi民mín主zhǔ,肆sì行xíng无wú道dào。所suǒ为wèi皆jiē恶è事shì,无wú可kě念niàn者zhě;言yán皆jiē恶è言yán,无wú可kě听tīng者zhě;由yóu是shì天tiān始shǐ灭miè之zhī。五wǔ年nián者zhě,以yǐ武wǔ王wáng讨tǎo纣zhòu,初chū立lì即jí应yīng伐fá之zhī,故gù从cóng武wǔ王wáng初chū立lì之zhī年nián,数shù至zhì伐fá纣zhòu为wèi五wǔ年nián。文wén王wáng受shòu命mìng九jiǔ年nián而ér崩bēng,其qí年nián武wǔ王wáng嗣sì立lì。服fú丧sāng三sān年nián,未wèi得dé征zhēng伐fá。十shí一yī年nián服fú阕què,乃nǎi观guān兵bīng于yú孟mèng津jīn,十shí三sān年nián方fāng始shǐ杀shā纣zhòu。从cóng九jiǔ年nián至zhì十shí三sān年nián,是shì五wǔ年nián也yě。然rán服fú丧sāng三sān年nián,还hái师shī二èr年nián,乃nǎi事shì理lǐ宜yí然rán,而ér云yún以yǐ汤tāng故gù须xū暇xiá之zhī者zhě,以yǐ殷yīn纣zhòu恶è盈yíng,久jiǔ合hé诛zhū灭miè,逢féng文wén王wáng崩bēng,未wèi暇xiá行xíng师shī,兼jiān之zhī示shì弱ruò,凡fán经jīng五wǔ载zài,圣shèng人rén因yīn言yán之zhī以yǐ为wéi法fǎ教jiào尔ěr。其qí实shí非fēi天tiān不bù知zhī纣zhòu狂kuáng,望wàng其qí后hòu改gǎi悔huǐ,亦yì非fēi曲qū念niàn汤tāng德dé,延yán此cǐ岁suì年nián也yě。

天tiān惟wéi求qiú尔ěr多duō方fāng,大dà动dòng以yǐ威wēi,开kāi厥jué顾gù天tiān。天tiān惟wéi求qiú汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī贤xián者zhě,大dà动dòng纣zhòu以yǐ威wēi,开kāi其qí能néng顾gù天tiān可kě以yǐ代dài者zhě。惟wéi尔ěr多duō方fāng,罔wǎng堪kān顾gù之zhī。惟wéi我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,灵líng承chéng于yú旅lǚ。惟wéi汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī中zhōng,无wú堪kān顾gù天tiān之zhī道dào者zhě。惟wéi我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,善shàn奉fèng于yú众zhòng。言yán以yǐ仁rén政zhèng得dé人rén心xīn。克kè堪kān用yòng德dé,惟wéi典diǎn神shén天tiān。言yán周zhōu文wén武wǔ能néng堪kān用yòng德dé,惟wéi可kě以yǐ主zhǔ神shén天tiān之zhī祀sì,任rèn天tiān王wáng。○任rèn音yīn壬rén。天tiān惟wéi式shì教jiào我wǒ用yòng休xiū,简jiǎn畀bì殷yīn命mìng,尹yǐn尔ěr多duō方fāng。天tiān以yǐ我wǒ用yòng德dé之zhī故gù,惟wéi用yòng教jiào我wǒ用yòng美měi道dào代dài殷yīn,天tiān与yǔ我wǒ殷yīn之zhī王wáng命mìng,以yǐ正zhèng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī诸zhū侯hóu。 

[疏shū]“天tiān惟wéi”至zhì“多duō方fāng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:天tiān以yǐ纣zhòu恶è之zhī故gù,将jiāng选xuǎn人rén代dài之zhī。惟wéi求qiú贤xián人rén于yú汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng,大dà动dòng纣zhòu以yǐ威wēi。谓wèi诛zhū去qù纣zhòu也yě。开kāi其qí有yǒu德dé能néng顾gù天tiān之zhī者zhě,欲yù以yǐ伐fá纣zhòu,惟wéi汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī君jūn,悉xī皆jiē无wú德dé,无wú堪kān使shǐ天tiān顾gù之zhī。惟wéi我wǒ周zhōu王wáng善shàn奉fèng于yú众zhòng,能néng以yǐ仁rén政zhèng得dé人rén心xīn,文wén武wǔ能néng堪kān用yòng德dé,惟wéi可kě以yǐ主zhǔ神shén天tiān之zhī祀sì,任rèn作zuò天tiān子zi也yě。天tiān惟wéi以yǐ我wǒ用yòng德dé之zhī故gù,故gù教jiào我wǒ使shǐ用yòng美měi道dào,大dà与yǔ我wǒ殷yīn王wáng之zhī命mìng,命mìng我wǒ代dài殷yīn为wèi王wáng,正zhèng汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng诸zhū侯hóu。言yán天tiān授shòu我wǒ以yǐ此cǐ世shì也yě。○传chuán“天tiān惟wéi”至zhì“代dài者zhě”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“天tiān惟wéi求qiú汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng之zhī贤xián”,言yán欲yù选xuǎn贤xián以yǐ为wéi天tiān子zi也yě。“大dà动dòng纣zhòu以yǐ威wēi”,谓wèi诛zhū杀shā纣zhòu也yě。天tiān意yì复fù开kāi其qí能néng顾gù天tiān可kě以yǐ代dài者zhě,欲yù使shǐ代dài之zhī。“顾gù”谓wèi回huí视shì,有yǒu圣shèng德dé者zhě,天tiān回huí视shì之zhī。《诗shī》所suǒ谓wèi“乃nǎi眷juàn西xī顾gù,此cǐ惟wéi与yǔ宅zhái”,与yǔ彼bǐ“顾gù”同tóng,言yán天tiān顾gù文wén王wáng而ér与yǔ之zhī居jū,即jí此cǐ意yì也yě。但dàn谓wèi天tiān顾gù人rén,人rén亦yì顾gù天tiān,此cǐ云yún“开kāi厥jué顾gù天tiān”,谓wèi人rén顾gù天tiān也yě。下xià云yún“罔wǎng堪kān顾gù之zhī”,谓wèi天tiān顾gù人rén也yě。言yán多duō方fāng人rén皆jiē无wú德dé,不bù堪kān使shǐ天tiān顾gù之zhī。传chuán以yǐ顾gù事shì通tōng于yú彼bǐ,故gù皆jiē以yǐ天tiān言yán之zhī。○传chuán“天tiān以yǐ”至zhì“诸zhū侯hóu”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:周zhōu以yǐ能néng行xíng美měi道dào,乃nǎi得dé天tiān顾gù,复fù言yán天tiān用yòng教jiào我wǒ美měi道dào者zhě,人rén之zhī美měi恶è,何hé事shì非fēi天tiān?由yóu为wèi美měi道dào,为wèi天tiān所suǒ顾gù,以yǐ美měi归guī功gōng于yú天tiān,言yán教jiào我wǒ用yòng美měi道dào,故gù得dé当dàng天tiān意yì也yě。

今jīn我wǒ曷hé敢gǎn多duō诰gào,我wǒ惟wéi大dà降jiàng尔ěr四sì国guó民mín命mìng。今jīn我wǒ何hé敢gǎn多duō诰gào汝rǔ而ér已yǐ,我wǒ惟wéi大dà下xià汝rǔ四sì国guó民mín命mìng。谓wèi诛zhū管guǎn、蔡cài、商shāng、奄yǎn之zhī君jūn。尔ěr曷hé不bù忱chén裕yù之zhī于yú尔ěr多duō方fāng?汝rǔ何hé不bù以yǐ诚chéng信xìn行xíng宽kuān裕yù之zhī道dào于yú汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng?欲yù其qí戒jiè四sì国guó,崇chóng和hé协xié。尔ěr曷hé不bù夹jiā介jiè乂yì我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,享xiǎng天tiān之zhī命mìng?夹jiā,近jìn也yě。汝rǔ何hé不bù近jìn大dà见jiàn治zhì于yú我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,以yǐ享xiǎng天tiān之zhī命mìng,而ér为wèi不bù安ān乎hū?○夹jiā音yīn协xié,注zhù同tóng。今jīn尔ěr尚shàng宅zhái尔ěr宅zhái,畋tián尔ěr田tián,尔ěr曷hé不bù惠huì王wáng熙xī天tiān之zhī命mìng?今jīn汝rǔ殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu皆jiē尚shàng得dé居jū汝rǔ常cháng居jū,臣chén民mín皆jiē尚shàng得dé畋tián汝rǔ故gù田tián,汝rǔ何hé不bù顺shùn从cóng王wáng政zhèng,广guǎng天tiān之zhī命mìng,而ér自zì怀huái疑yí乎hū?尔ěr乃nǎi迪dí屡lǚ不bù静jìng,尔ěr心xīn未wèi爱ài。汝rǔ所suǒ蹈dǎo行xíng,数shù为wèi不bù安ān,汝rǔ心xīn未wèi爱ài我wǒ周zhōu故gù。○数shù,色sè各gè反fǎn。尔ěr乃nǎi不bù大dà宅zhái天tiān命mìng,尔ěr乃nǎi屑xiè播bō天tiān命mìng,汝rǔ乃nǎi不bù大dà居jū安ān天tiān命mìng,是shì汝rǔ乃nǎi尽jǐn播bō弃qì天tiān命mìng。尔ěr乃nǎi自zì作zuò不bù典diǎn图tú忱chén于yú正zhèng。汝rǔ未wèi爱ài我wǒ周zhōu,播bō弃qì天tiān命mìng,是shì汝rǔ乃nǎi自zì为wèi不bù常cháng谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào。我wǒ惟wéi时shí其qí教jiào告gào之zhī,我wǒ惟wéi时shí其qí战zhàn要yào囚qiú之zhī,我wǒ惟wéi汝rǔ如rú是shì不bù谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào,故gù其qí教jiào告gào之zhī,谓wèi讯xùn以yǐ文wén诰gào;其qí战zhàn要yào囚qiú之zhī,谓wèi讨tǎo其qí倡chàng乱luàn,执zhí其qí朋péng党dǎng。○要yào,一yī遥yáo反fǎn。讯xùn音yīn信xìn。倡chàng音yīn唱chàng。至zhì于yú再zài,至zhì于yú三sān。再zài,谓wèi三sān监jiān淮huái夷yí叛pàn时shí。三sān,谓wèi成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng又yòu叛pàn。言yán迪dí屡lǚ不bù静jìng之zhī事shì。乃nǎi有yǒu不bù用yòng我wǒ降jiàng尔ěr命mìng,我wǒ乃nǎi其qí大dà罚fá殛jí之zhī。我wǒ教jiào告gào战zhàn要yào囚qiú汝rǔ已yǐ至zhì再zài三sān,汝rǔ其qí不bù用yòng我wǒ命mìng,我wǒ乃nǎi大dà下xià诛zhū汝rǔ君jūn,乃nǎi其qí大dà罚fá诛zhū之zhī。○殛jí,纪jì力lì反fǎn,本běn又yòu作zuò极jí。非fēi我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu秉bǐng德dé不bù康kāng宁níng,乃nǎi惟wéi尔ěr自zì速sù辜gū。”非fēi我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu执zhí德dé不bù安ān宁níng,自zì诛zhū汝rǔ,乃nǎi惟wéi汝rǔ自zì召zhào罪zuì以yǐ取qǔ诛zhū。 

[疏shū]“今jīn我wǒ”至zhì“速sù辜gū”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:今jīn我wǒ何hé敢gǎn多duō以yǐ言yán诰gào告gào于yú汝rǔ众zhòng而ér已yǐ,我wǒ惟wéi大dà下xià黜chù汝rǔ管guǎn、蔡cài、商shāng、奄yǎn四sì国guó之zhī君jūn也yě。“民mín命mìng”,谓wèi民mín以yǐ君jūn为wèi命mìng,谓wèi诛zhū杀shā四sì国guó之zhī君jūn也yě。我wǒ已yǐ杀shā汝rǔ四sì国guó君jūn矣yǐ,汝rǔ何hé不bù以yǐ诚chéng信xìn之zhī心xīn,行xíng宽kuān裕yù之zhī道dào于yú汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng诸zhū侯hóu?欲yù令lìng惩chéng创chuàng四sì国guó,务wù崇chóng和hé协xié。言yán汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng诸zhū侯hóu何hé不bù崇chóng和hé协xié,相xiāng亲qīn近jìn,大dà显xiǎn见jiàn治zhì道dào于yú我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,以yǐ享xiǎng爱ài上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,而ér执zhí心xīn不bù安ān乎hū?今jīn尔ěr殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu尚shàng得dé居jū汝rǔ常cháng居jū,臣chén民mín尚shàng得dé畋tián汝rǔ故gù田tián,其qí安ān乐lè如rú此cǐ,汝rǔ何hé得dé不bù顺shùn从cóng王wáng政zhèng,以yǐ广guǎng上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,而ér自zì怀huái疑yí乎hū?汝rǔ乃nǎi复fù所suǒ蹈dǎo行xíng者zhě,数shù为wèi不bù安ān,时shí或huò叛pàn逆nì,是shì汝rǔ心xīn未wèi爱ài我wǒ周zhōu家jiā故gù也yě。汝rǔ乃nǎi不bù大dà居jū安ān天tiān命mìng,是shì汝rǔ乃nǎi欲yù尽jǐn播bō弃qì天tiān命mìng。汝rǔ不bù爱ài我wǒ周zhōu家jiā,播bō弃qì天tiān命mìng,是shì汝rǔ乃nǎi自zì为wèi此cǐ不bù常cháng谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào。言yán其qí心xīn不bù常cháng谋móu正zhèng道dào,故gù为wèi背bèi违wéi之zhī心xīn。我wǒ惟wéi汝rǔ如rú是shì不bù谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào之zhī故gù,其qí以yǐ言yán辞cí教jiào告gào之zhī。我wǒ惟wéi汝rǔ如rú是shì不bù诚chéng信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào之zhī故gù,其qí用yòng战zhàn伐fá要yào察chá囚qiú系xì之zhī。由yóu汝rǔ数shù为wèi不bù信xìn,故gù我wǒ教jiào告gào汝rǔ,战zhàn伐fá要yào囚qiú汝rǔ,至zhì于yú再zài,至zhì于yú三sān。我wǒ教jiào告gào汝rǔ,战zhàn伐fá要yào囚qiú汝rǔ,已yǐ至zhì再zài三sān,如rú今jīn而ér后hòu乃nǎi复fù有yǒu不bù用yòng我wǒ命mìng者zhě,我wǒ乃nǎi其qí大dà罚fá诛zhū之zhī。言yán我wǒ更gèng将jiāng杀shā汝rǔ也yě。非fēi我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu执zhí德dé不bù安ān,数shù设shè诛zhū罚fá,乃nǎi惟wéi汝rǔ自zì召zhào罪zuì也yě。此cǐ章zhāng反fǎn覆fù殷yīn勤qín者zhě,恐kǒng其qí更gèng有yǒu叛pàn逆nì,故gù丁dīng宁níng戒jiè之zhī。○传chuán“今jīn我wǒ”至zhì“之zhī君jūn”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:今jīn我wǒ何hé敢gǎn多duō为wèi言yán诰gào而ér已yǐ,实shí杀shā其qí君jūn,非fēi徒tú口kǒu告gào。管guǎn、蔡cài、商shāng、奄yǎn,皆jiē为wèi叛pàn逆nì受shòu诛zhū,故gù今jīn因yīn奄yǎn重zhòng叛pàn而ér追zhuī说shuō前qián事shì,言yán下xià四sì国guó民mín命mìng。王wáng肃sù以yǐ“四sì国guó”为wèi四sì方fāng之zhī国guó,言yán“从cóng今jīn以yǐ后hòu,四sì方fāng之zhī国guó苟gǒu有yǒu此cǐ罪zuì,则zé必bì诛zhū之zhī”。谓wèi戒jiè其qí将jiāng来lái之zhī事shì,与yǔ孔kǒng不bù同tóng。○传chuán“夹jiā近jìn”至zhì“安ān乎hū”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:夹jiā其qí旁páng,旁páng是shì近jìn义yì,故gù为wèi近jìn也yě。诸zhū国guó疏shū远yuǎn周zhōu室shì,不bù肯kěn以yǐ治zhì为wèi功gōng,故gù责zé之zhī。顾gù氏shì云yún:“汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng诸zhū侯hóu,何hé不bù常cháng和hé协xié,相xiāng亲qīn近jìn,大dà显xiǎn见jiàn治zhì道dào于yú我wǒ周zhōu王wáng,以yǐ享xiǎng上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng?而ér今jīn何hé以yǐ不bù自zì安ān乎hū?”○传chuán“今jīn汝rǔ”至zhì“疑yí乎hū”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:主zhǔ迁qiān于yú上shàng,臣chén易yì于yú下xià,计jì汝rǔ诸zhū侯hóu之zhī国guó,应yīng随suí殷yīn降jiàng黜chù。今jīn汝rǔ殷yīn之zhī诸zhū侯hóu皆jiē尚shàng得dé居jū汝rǔ常cháng居jū,臣chén民mín畋tián汝rǔ故gù田tián。田tián宅zhái不bù易yì,安ān乐lè如rú此cǐ,汝rǔ何hé不bù顺shùn从cóng我wǒ周zhōu王wáng之zhī政zhèng,以yǐ广guǎng上shàng天tiān之zhī命mìng,使shǐ天tiān多duō佑yòu?汝rǔ何hé故gù畏wèi我wǒ周zhōu家jiā,自zì怀huái疑yí乎hū?诸zhū侯hóu有yǒu国guó,故gù云yún“居jū汝rǔ常cháng居jū”。臣chén民mín重zhòng田tián,故gù云yún“畋tián汝rǔ故gù田tián”。治zhì田tián谓wèi之zhī“畋tián”,犹yóu捕bǔ鱼yú谓wèi之zhī“渔yú”,今jīn人rén以yǐ营yíng田tián求qiú食shí谓wèi之zhī“畋tián食shí”,即jí此cǐ“畋tián亦yì田tián”之zhī义yì也yě。○传chuán“汝rǔ未wèi”至zhì“正zhèng道dào”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:事shì君jūn无wú二èr臣chén之zhī道dào,为wéi人rén臣chén者zhě,常cháng宜yí信xìn之zhī。汝rǔ未wèi爱ài我wǒ周zhōu家jiā,播bō弃qì天tiān命mìng,汝rǔ数shù为wèi叛pàn逆nì,是shì汝rǔ乃nǎi自zì为wèi此cǐ不bù常cháng谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào。○传chuán“我wǒ惟wéi”至zhì“朋péng党dǎng”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“教jiào告gào”与yǔ“战zhàn要yào囚qiú”连lián文wén,则zé告gào以yǐ文wén辞cí,是shì将jiāng战zhàn之zhī时shí,“教jiào告gào”谓wèi伐fá纣zhòu之zhī事shì。昭zhāo十shí三sān年nián说shuō战zhàn法fǎ云yún:“告gào之zhī以yǐ文wén辞cí,董dǒng之zhī以yǐ武wǔ师shī。”是shì将jiāng战zhàn之zhī时shí,于yú法fǎ当dāng有yǒu文wén辞cí告gào前qián敌dí也yě。我wǒ惟wéi汝rǔ如rú是shì不bù谋móu信xìn于yú正zhèng道dào,故gù其qí教jiào告gào之zhī,谓wèi讯xùn以yǐ文wén辞cí。“讯xùn”,告gào也yě,告gào以yǐ文wén辞cí,数shù其qí罪zuì也yě。其qí“战zhàn要yào囚qiú之zhī”,谓wèi战zhàn败bài其qí师shī,执zhí取qǔ其qí人rén,受shòu其qí要yào辞cí而ér囚qiú之zhī。谓wèi讨tǎo其qí倡chàng乱luàn之zhī人rén,囚qiú执zhí其qí朋péng党dǎng也yě。此cǐ虽suī总zǒng言yán战zhàn事shì,但dàn下xià有yǒu至zhì于yú再zài三sān,明míng此cǐ指zhǐ伐fá纣zhòu也yě。○传chuán“再zài谓wèi”至zhì“之zhī事shì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:以yǐ伐fá纣zhòu为wèi一yī,故gù“再zài”谓wèi摄shè政zhèng之zhī初chū,三sān监jiān与yǔ淮huái夷yí叛pàn时shí也yě,“三sān”谓wèi成chéng王wáng即jí政zhèng又yòu叛pàn也yě,言yán上shàng“迪dí屡lǚ不bù静jìng”之zhī事shì。

王wáng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!猷yóu告gào尔ěr有yǒu方fāng多duō士shì暨jì殷yīn多duō士shì,王wáng叹tàn而ér以yǐ道dào告gào汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng与yǔ殷yīn多duō士shì。今jīn尔ěr奔bēn走zǒu臣chén我wǒ监jiān五wǔ祀sì,监jiān谓wèi成chéng周zhōu之zhī监jiān,此cǐ指zhǐ谓wèi所suǒ迁qiān顽wán民mín殷yīn众zhòng士shì。今jīn汝rǔ奔bēn走zǒu来lái徙xǐ臣chén我wǒ我wǒ监jiān,五wǔ年nián无wú过guò,则zé得dé还huán本běn土tǔ。越yuè惟wéi有yǒu胥xū伯bó小xiǎo大dà多duō正zhèng,尔ěr罔wǎng不bù克kè臬niè。于yú惟wéi有yǒu相xiāng长zhǎng事shì小xiǎo大dà众zhòng正zhèng官guān之zhī人rén,汝rǔ无wú不bù能néng用yòng法fǎ。欲yù其qí皆jiē用yòng法fǎ。○臬niè,鱼yú列liè反fǎn,马mǎ作zuò臬niè刂dāo。长zhǎng,丁dīng丈zhàng反fǎn。自zì作zuò不bù和hé,尔ěr惟wéi和hé哉zāi!尔ěr室shì不bù睦mù,尔ěr惟wéi和hé哉zāi!尔ěr邑yì克kè明míng,尔ěr惟wéi克kè勤qín乃nǎi事shì。小xiǎo大dà多duō正zhèng自zì为wèi不bù和hé,汝rǔ有yǒu方fāng多duō士shì,当dāng和hé之zhī哉zāi!汝rǔ亲qīn近jìn室shì家jiā不bù睦mù,汝rǔ亦yì当dāng和hé之zhī哉zāi!汝rǔ邑yì中zhōng能néng明míng,是shì汝rǔ惟wéi能néng勤qín汝rǔ职zhí事shì。尔ěr尚shàng不bù忌jì于yú凶xiōng德dé,亦yì则zé以yǐ穆mù穆mù在zài乃nǎi位wèi,汝rǔ庶shù几jǐ不bù自zì忌jì,入rù于yú凶xiōng德dé,亦yì则zé用yòng敬jìng敬jìng常cháng在zài汝rǔ位wèi。克kè阅yuè于yú乃nǎi邑yì谋móu介jiè,尔ěr乃nǎi自zì时shí洛luò邑yì,尚shàng永yǒng力lì畋tián尔ěr田tián。汝rǔ能néng使shǐ我wǒ阅yuè具jù于yú汝rǔ邑yì,而ér以yǐ汝rǔ所suǒ谋móu为wèi大dà,则zé汝rǔ乃nǎi用yòng是shì洛luò邑yì,庶shù几jǐ长zhǎng力lì畋tián汝rǔ田tián矣yǐ。言yán虽suī迁qiān徙xǐ,而ér以yǐ修xiū善shàn,得dé反fǎn邑yì里lǐ。○阅yuè音yīn悦yuè。天tiān惟wéi畀bì矜jīn尔ěr,我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu惟wéi其qí大dà介jiè赉lài尔ěr。汝rǔ能néng修xiū善shàn,天tiān惟wéi与yǔ汝rǔ怜lián汝rǔ,我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu惟wéi其qí大dà夫fū赐cì汝rǔ。言yán受shòu多duō福fú之zhī胙zuò。迪dí简jiǎn在zài王wáng庭tíng,尚shàng尔ěr事shì,有yǒu服fú在zài大dà僚liáo。”非fēi但dàn受shòu怜lián赐cì,又yòu乃nǎi蹈dǎo大dà道dào在zài王wáng庭tíng,庶shù几jǐ修xiū汝rǔ事shì,有yǒu所suǒ服fú行xíng在zài大dà官guān。 

[疏shū]“王wáng曰yuē呜wū呼hū猷yóu”至zhì“大dà僚liáo”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:王wáng言yán而ér叹tàn曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!我wǒ以yǐ道dào告gào汝rǔ在zài此cǐ所suǒ有yǒu四sì方fāng之zhī多duō士shì。”谓wèi四sì方fāng之zhī诸zhū侯hóu及jí与yǔ殷yīn之zhī众zhòng士shì,谓wèi顽wán民mín迁qiān成chéng周zhōu者zhě。因yīn告gào四sì方fāng诸zhū侯hóu,遂suì告gào成chéng周zhōu之zhī人rén,遍biàn使shǐ诸zhū侯hóu知zhī之zhī。此cǐ章zhāng皆jiē告gào成chéng周zhōu之zhī人rén辞cí也yě。“今jīn汝rǔ成chéng周zhōu之zhī人rén,奔bēn走zǒu勤qín事shì,臣chén我wǒ周zhōu之zhī监jiān成chéng周zhōu者zhě,五wǔ年nián无wú罪zuì过guò,则zé听tīng汝rǔ还huán本běn土tǔ。于yú惟wéi有yǒu相xiāng长zhǎng事shì,谓wèi小xiǎo大dà众zhòng正zhèng官guān之zhī人rén,汝rǔ无wú有yǒu不bù能néng用yòng法fǎ。”欲yù其qí皆jiē用yòng法fǎ也yě。“小xiǎo大dà众zhòng正zhèng官guān之zhī人rén自zì为wèi不bù和hé,汝rǔ众zhòng官guān等děng自zì当dāng和hé之zhī哉zāi!汝rǔ等děng亲qīn近jìn室shì家jiā不bù相xiāng和hé亲qīn,汝rǔ亦yì当dāng和hé之zhī哉zāi!汝rǔ邑yì内nèi之zhī内nèi若ruò能néng明míng于yú和hé睦mù之zhī道dào,汝rǔ惟wéi能néng勤qín于yú汝rǔ之zhī职zhí事shì”。言yán是shì其qí教jiào之zhī使shǐ然rán。“汝rǔ能néng庶shù几jǐ不bù自zì相xiāng怨yuàn忌jì,入rù于yú凶xiōng德dé,若ruò能néng不bù入rù于yú凶xiōng德dé,亦yì则zé用yòng敬jìng敬jìng之zhī道dào,常cháng在zài汝rǔ之zhī职zhí位wèi,不bù黜chù退tuì也yě。汝rǔ若ruò能néng善shàn相xiāng教jiào诲huì,使shǐ我wǒ简jiǎn阅yuè于yú汝rǔ邑yì,善shàn汝rǔ之zhī事shì,以yǐ汝rǔ所suǒ谋móu为wèi大dà,则zé汝rǔ乃nǎi用yòng是shì洛luò邑yì,庶shù几jǐ得dé反fǎn本běn土tǔ,长zhǎng得dé勤qín畋tián汝rǔ故gù田tián。汝rǔ能néng修xiū善shàn,天tiān惟wéi与yǔ汝rǔ怜lián汝rǔ,我wǒ有yǒu周zhōu惟wéi其qí大dà大dà赏shǎng赐cì汝rǔ。汝rǔ非fēi但dàn受shòu赏shǎng而ér已yǐ,其qí有yǒu蹈dǎo大dà道dào者zhě,得dé在zài王wáng庭tíng被bèi任rèn用yòng。庶shù几jǐ汝rǔ事shì有yǒu所suǒ服fú行xíng,在zài于yú大dà官guān”。恐kǒng其qí心xīn未wèi服fú,故gù丁dīng宁níng劝quàn诱yòu之zhī。○传chuán“王wáng叹tàn”至zhì“多duō士shì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:言yán“有yǒu方fāng多duō士shì与yǔ殷yīn多duō士shì”,则zé此cǐ二èr者zhě非fēi一yī人rén也yě。“有yǒu方fāng多duō士shì”当dāng谓wèi于yú时shí所suǒ有yǒu四sì方fāng之zhī诸zhū侯hóu也yě。“与yǔ殷yīn多duō士shì”当dāng谓wèi迁qiān于yú成chéng周zhōu顽wán民mín之zhī众zhòng士shì也yě。下xià云yún以yǐ“臣chén我wǒ监jiān”者zhě,谓wèi成chéng周zhōu之zhī监jiān,明míng此cǐ殷yīn多duō士shì也yě。○传chuán“监jiān谓wèi”至zhì“本běn土tǔ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:下xià云yún“自zì时shí洛luò邑yì”,此cǐ所suǒ戒jiè成chéng周zhōu之zhī人rén,故gù知zhī“监jiān谓wèi成chéng周zhōu之zhī监jiān,此cǐ指zhǐ谓wèi所suǒ迁qiān顽wán民mín殷yīn家jiā众zhòng士shì”也yě。五wǔ年nián再zài闰rùn,天tiān道dào有yǒu成chéng,故gù期qī以yǐ五wǔ年nián无wú过guò,则zé得dé还huán本běn土tǔ。以yǐ民mín性xìng重zhòng迁qiān,设shè期qī以yǐ诱yòu之zhī。○传chuán“于yú惟wéi”至zhì“用yòng法fǎ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“胥xū”,相xiāng也yě。“伯bó”,长zhǎng也yě。颜yán氏shì以yǐ“相xiāng长zhǎng事shì”即jí“小xiǎo大dà众zhòng正zhèng官guān之zhī人rén”也yě。○传chuán“汝rǔ庶shù”至zhì“汝rǔ位wèi”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:和hé顺shùn为wèi善shàn德dé,怨yuàn恶è为wèi凶xiōng德dé。“忌jì”谓wèi自zì怨yuàn忌jì,上shàng言yán“自zì作zuò不bù和hé”,是shì怨yuàn忌jì也yě。《释shì训xùn》云yún:“穆mù穆mù,敬jìng也yě。”此cǐ戒jiè小xiǎo大dà正zhèng官guān之zhī人rén,故gù云yún“敬jìng敬jìng常cháng在zài汝rǔ位wèi”。○传chuán“汝rǔ能néng”至zhì“邑yì里lǐ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“阅yuè”谓wèi简jiǎn阅yuè其qí事shì,观guān其qí具jù足zú以yǐ否fǒu,故gù言yán“阅yuè具jù于yú汝rǔ邑yì”。“介jiè”,大dà也yě。以yǐ汝rǔ所suǒ谋móu为wèi大dà,善shàn其qí治zhì理lǐ,听tīng还huán本běn国guó也yě。是shì由yóu在zài洛luò邑yì修xiū善shàn,得dé反fǎn其qí邑yì里lǐ。王wáng肃sù云yún:“其qí无wú成chéng,虽suī五wǔ年nián亦yì不bù得dé反fǎn也yě。”

王wáng曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!多duō士shì,尔ěr不bù劝quàn忱chén我wǒ命mìng,尔ěr亦yì则zé惟wéi不bù克kè享xiǎng,凡fán民mín惟wéi曰yuē不bù享xiǎng。王wáng叹tàn而ér言yán曰yuē:“众zhòng士shì,汝rǔ不bù能néng劝quàn信xìn我wǒ命mìng,汝rǔ亦yì则zé惟wéi不bù能néng享xiǎng天tiān祚zuò矣yǐ,凡fán民mín亦yì惟wéi曰yuē不bù享xiǎng于yú汝rǔ祚zuò矣yǐ。”尔ěr乃nǎi惟wéi逸yì惟wéi颇pǒ,大dà远yuǎn王wáng命mìng,则zé惟wéi尔ěr多duō方fāng探tàn天tiān之zhī威wēi,我wǒ则zé致zhì天tiān之zhī罚fá,离lí逖tì尔ěr土tǔ。”若ruò尔ěr乃nǎi为wèi逸yì豫yù颇pǒ僻pì,大dà弃qì王wáng命mìng,则zé惟wéi汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng取qǔ天tiān之zhī威wēi,我wǒ则zé致zhì行xíng天tiān罚fá,离lí逖tì汝rǔ土tǔ,将jiāng远yuǎn徙xǐ之zhī。○颇pǒ,破pò多duō反fǎn。探tàn,吐tǔ南nán反fǎn。辟pì,四sì亦yì反fǎn。 

[疏shū]“王wáng曰yuē呜wū呼hū”至zhì“尔ěr土tǔ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:王wáng言yán而ér叹tàn曰yuē:“呜wū呼hū!成chéng周zhōu之zhī众zhòng士shì,汝rǔ若ruò不bù能néng劝quàn勉miǎn信xìn用yòng我wǒ之zhī教jiào命mìng,汝rǔ则zé惟wéi不bù能néng多duō受shòu天tiān福fú祚zuò矣yǐ,凡fán民mín惟wéi曰yuē不bù享xiǎng于yú汝rǔ祚zuò矣yǐ。汝rǔ乃nǎi惟wéi为wèi逸yì豫yù,惟wéi为wèi颇pǒ僻pì,大dà远yuǎn弃qì王wáng命mìng,则zé惟wéi汝rǔ众zhòng方fāng自zì取qǔ天tiān之zhī威wēi刑xíng,我wǒ则zé致zhì天tiān之zhī罚fá于yú汝rǔ身shēn,将jiāng远yuǎn徙xǐ之zhī,使shǐ离lí远yuǎn汝rǔ之zhī本běn土tǔ。”○传chuán“王wáng叹tàn”至zhì“祚zuò矣yǐ”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“劝quàn信xìn我wǒ命mìng”,劝quàn勉miǎn而ér信xìn顺shùn之zhī。“凡fán民mín亦yì惟wéi曰yuē不bù享xiǎng于yú汝rǔ祚zuò矣yǐ”,言yán民mín亦yì不bù原yuán汝rǔ之zhī子zǐ孙sūn长cháng久jiǔ矣yǐ。○传chuán“若ruò尔ěr”至zhì“徙xǐ之zhī”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:成chéng周zhōu一yī邑yì之zhī士shì,不bù得dé谓wèi之zhī多duō方fāng,此cǐ盖gài意yì在zài成chéng周zhōu迁qiān者zhě,兼jiān告gào四sì方fāng诸zhū国guó使shǐ知zhī。亦yì如rú《康kāng诰gào》王wáng告gào康kāng叔shū,并bìng使shǐ诸zhū侯hóu知zhī之zhī。离lí远yuǎn汝rǔ土tǔ,更gèng远yuǎn徙xǐ之zhī。郑zhèng云yún:“分fēn离lí夺duó汝rǔ土tǔ也yě。”与yǔ孔kǒng异yì也yě。

王wáng曰yuē:“我wǒ不bù惟wéi多duō诰gào,我wǒ惟wéi祗zhī告gào尔ěr命mìng。”我wǒ不bù惟wéi多duō诰gào汝rǔ而ér已yǐ,我wǒ惟wéi敬jìng告gào汝rǔ吉jí凶xiōng之zhī命mìng。又yòu曰yuē:“时shí惟wéi尔ěr初chū,不bù克kè敬jìng于yú和hé,则zé无wú我wǒ怨yuàn。”又yòu诰gào汝rǔ:“是shì惟wéi汝rǔ初chū不bù能néng敬jìng于yú和hé道dào,故gù诛zhū汝rǔ。汝rǔ无wú我wǒ怨yuàn。”解jiě所suǒ以yǐ再zài三sān加jiā诛zhū之zhī意yì。 

[疏shū]“王wáng曰yuē我wǒ”至zhì“我wǒ怨yuàn”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:王wáng曰yuē:“我wǒ今jīn告gào戒jiè汝rǔ者zhě,不bù惟wéi多duō为wèi言yán诰gào汝rǔ而ér已yǐ,惟wéi敬jìng告gào汝rǔ吉jí凶xiōng之zhī命mìng。从cóng我wǒ则zé吉jí,违wéi我wǒ则zé凶xiōng,汝rǔ命mìng吉jí凶xiōng在zài此cǐ言yán也yě。”王wáng又yòu谓wèi:“汝rǔ所suǒ以yǐ再zài三sān被bèi诛zhū者zhě,是shì惟wéi汝rǔ初chū不bù能néng敬jìng于yú和hé道dào,故gù致zhì此cǐ尔ěr。汝rǔ自zì取qǔ之zhī,则zé无wú于yú我wǒ有yǒu怨yuàn。”○传chuán“又yòu诰gào”至zhì“之zhī意yì”○正zhèng义yì曰yuē:“又yòu诰gào”者zhě,更gèng言yán王wáng意yì,又yòu谓wèi汝rǔ曰yuē也yě。以yǐ上shàng王wáng诰gào已yǐ终zhōng,又yòu起qǐ别bié端duān,故gù更gèng称chēng王wáng又yòu复fù言yán曰yuē。以yǐ序xù云yún成chéng王wáng在zài丰fēng诰gào庶shù邦bāng,则zé此cǐ篇piān是shì王wáng亲qīn诰gào之zhī辞cí,又yòu称chēng“王wáng曰yuē”者zhě是shì也yě。其qí有yǒu周zhōu公gōng称chēng王wáng告gào者zhě,则zé上shàng云yún“周zhōu公gōng曰yuē:王wáng若ruò曰yuē”是shì也yě,又yòu曰yuē“呜wū呼hū!王wáng若ruò曰yuē”是shì也yě。顾gù氏shì云yún:“又yòu曰yuē者zhě,是shì王wáng又yòu复fù言yán曰yuē也yě。” 


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卷juǎn十shí七qī 立lì政zhèng第dì二èr十shí一yī



周zhōu公gōng作zuò《立lì政zhèng》。周zhōu公gōng既jì致zhì政zhèng成chéng王wáng,恐kǒng其qí怠dài忽hū,故gù以yǐ君jūn臣chén立lì政zhèng为wèi戒jiè。 

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